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Kakaretso ea Naha
Chelete ea Naha
Sekhahla sa phapanyetsano
Matsatsi a Phomolo a Bohlokwa
Boemo ba Khoebo ea Kantle ho Naha
Monyetla oa Nts'etsopele ea Maraka
Lihlahisoa tse rekisoang tse chesang 'marakeng
Litšobotsi tsa bareki le tabo
Sistimi ea tsamaiso ea litloaelo
Melao ea lekhetho e tsoang kantle ho naha
Melao ea lekhetho ea kantle ho naha
Ho hlokahala litifikeiti bakeng sa ho romelloa kantle
Lisebelisoa tse khothalelitsoeng
Mecha ea ntlafatso ea bareki

Ukraine, e tsejoang ka molao e le Ukraine, ke naha e ipusang e fumanehang Europe Bochabela. Ke naha ea bobeli ho tse kholo Europe kamora Russia. E akaretsa sebaka se ka bang lisekoere-k’hilomithara tse 603 628, Ukraine e arolelana meeli ea eona le linaha tse supileng tse akarelletsang Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova le Russia. Ka palo ea baahi ba ho pota 44 batho ba limilione tse, Ukraine e tsejoa ka mefuta e fapaneng ya setso lefa la merabe. Puo ea molao ke Seukraine; leha ho le joalo, Serussia le lipuo tse ling tse fokolang le tsona li buuoa ke karolo e khōlō ea baahi. Kiev e sebetsa e le motse-moholo le toropo e kholo ea Ukraine. Ke setsi sa bohlokoa sa indasteri 'me se na le bohlokoa ba nalane ka lebaka la limakatso tsa meralo e kang Saint Sophia Cathedral le Kyiv Pechersk Lavra monastery. Ukraine e na le moruo o tsoakaneng o kenyelletsang temo, indasteri ea tlhahiso e kang tlhahiso ea tšepe le likarolo tsa tlhahiso ea likoloi. Naha ena e na le masimo a mangata a temo e etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea linaha tse rekisang lijo-thollo kantle ho naha. Ho feta moo, e na le mehloli ea bohlokoa ea tlhaho joalo ka mehloli ea mashala e kenyang letsoho lekaleng la eona la matla. Nalane e ruileng le setso sa Ukraine li ka bonoa ka limusiamo tse ngata tse bonts'ang lintho tsa khale ho tloha mehleng ea khale ho isa litsing tsa bonono tsa sejoale-joale. Lipapali tsa setso tse kang masela le motjeko oa setso le tsona ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea setso sa Ukraine. Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa morao tjena Ukraine e tobane le merusu ea lipolotiki ka lebaka la likhohlano le Russia ka libaka tse kang Crimea ka 2014; taba ena e ntse e sa rarolloa ho fihlela kajeno. Ukraine e boloka likamano le mekhatlo e fapaneng ea machaba joaloka Machaba a Kopaneng (UN), Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Khoebo (WTO), European Union (EU) hammoho le ho ba le likamano le linaha tsa boahelani bakeng sa merero ea tšebelisano-'moho ea libaka. Qetellong, Ukarine ke naha e phetseng hantle e akaretsang libaka tse ntle ho tloha mabopong a leoatle a Leoatle le Letšo ho isa lithabeng tse ntle tsa Carpathian. Leha mathata a ntse a tsoela pele lipolotiking le moruong, empa batho ba Ukraine ba ntse ba tsoela pele ka boiteko ba bona ba nts'etsopele ha ba ntse ba ananela lefa la bona le ruileng la setso.

Ukraine, e leng naha e Europe Bochabela, e na le chelete ea eona e tsejoang ka hore ke hryvnia ea Ukraine (UAH). Hryvnia e ile ea hlahisoa ka 1996 e le chelete ea molao ea Ukraine ka mor'a ho qhaloa ha Soviet Union. Hryvnia e arotsoe ka 100 kopiykas. E tla ka likereke tse 'maloa ho kenyeletsoa li-banknotes tsa 1, 2, 5,10, 20,50,100 le lichelete tsa tšepe tsa 1,2,5 le kopiykas. Sekhahla sa phapanyetsano ea hryvnia ea Ukraine se fapana ho ea ka lichelete tse kholo tsa machaba. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ka lebaka la ho hloka botsitso ha moruo le maemo a lipolotiki a kang ho se tsitse ha lipolotiki kapa likamano tsa machaba le linaha tsa boahelani tse kang Russia; sekhahla sa phapanyetsano se ka fetoha haholo ha nako e ntse e ea. Ho fapanyetsana chelete kapa ho fumana li-hryvnia tsa Seukraine ha u ntse u etela Ukraine kapa ho etsa litšebelisano tsa khoebo ka hare ho naha ho ka etsoa ka libanka tse lumelletsoeng kapa liofisi tsa phapanyetsano ea lichelete tse nang le tumello (tse tsejoang e le "obmin valiuty" ka Seukraine). Ho eletsoa hore baeti ba sebelise likanale tsa molao bakeng sa phapanyetsano ea lichelete ho qoba scams kapa lintlha tsa maiketsetso. Ho feta moo, likarete tse ling tsa mokoloto tse tsebahalang machabeng li ka sebelisoa ho li-ATM ho pholletsa le Ukraine bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea ho ntša chelete. Ka kakaretso, hryvnia ea Ukraine e sebetsa e le mokhoa oa ho lefella thepa le litšebeletso ka hare ho Ukraine. Le hoja e ka 'na ea e-ba le liphetoho ka lebaka la maemo a moruo le liketsahalo tsa geopolitical, e ntse e le karolo ea tsamaiso ea lichelete ea Ukraine.

Chelete ea molao ea Ukraine ke hryvnia ea Ukraine (UAH). Ha e le sekhahla sa phapanyetsano ea lichelete tsa lefats'e tse kholo, likhakanyo tse hakanyetsoang ke tsena (ho ka fetoha): 1 USD (Dolara ea Amerika) = 27 UAH 1 EUR (Euro) = 32 UAH 1 GBP (Ponto ea Brithani) = 36 UAH 1 CAD (Dolara ea Canada) = 22 UAH Ka kopo hlokomela hore litefiso tsena li hakanyetsoa 'me li ka fapana.

Ukraine, naha e Europe Bochabela, e keteka matsatsi a mangata a phomolo a bohlokoa selemo ho pota. Mekete ena e metse ka metso historing e ruileng ea naha, setso le meetlo. E 'ngoe ea liketsahalo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke Letsatsi la Boipuso ka la 24 Phato. Letsatsi lena la phomolo ke sehopotso sa phatlalatso ea Ukraine ea boipuso ho Soviet Union ka 1991. Letsatsi lena le tšoauoa ka mekete e sa tšoaneng e akarelletsang mekoloko, likonsarete, litima-mollo le lipontšo tsa setso. Mokete o mong oa bohlokoa ke Letsatsi la Molao oa Motheo, le ketekoang ka la 28 Phuptjane. Letsatsi lena la phomolo le hlompha ho amoheloa ha molao oa motheo oa Ukraine ka 1996. Batho ba Ukraine ba nka karolo meketeng ea sechaba le mesebetsing e khothalletsang tlhokomeliso ka litokelo tsa bona tsa molao-motheo le boikarabelo ba bona e le baahi. Paseka e ntse e le mokete oa bohlokoa oa bolumeli ho batho ba Ukraine bao boholo ba bona e leng litho tsa Kereke ea Orthodox ea Ukraine. Ketsahalo ena ha e na letsatsi le behiloeng empa hangata e oela pakeng tsa March le April ho latela almanaka ea Julius. Batho ba kopanela litšebeletsong tsa kereke, ba kopanela litšoantšong tsa setso tsa Easter tse tsejoang e le "pysanka," 'me ba ithabisa ka mekete e monate le malapa le metsoalle. Letsatsi la Vyshyvanka le na le bohlokoa bo khethehileng ho batho ba Ukraine ha ba keteka liaparo tsa bona tse khabisitsoeng tse tloaelehileng tse bitsoang vyshyvanka. E shebiloe selemo le selemo ka Labone la boraro la May ho tloha 2006, letsatsi lena le khothalletsa batho ho apara vyshyvankas ho bontša boikhohomoso ba bona ba naha le lefa la bona. Nakong ea Keresemese (la 7 Pherekhong ho latela almanaka ea Julian), batho ba Ukraine ba keteka meetlo ea K'hatholike le ea Orthodox ka litšebeletso tsa bolumeli tse tsejoang e le "Praznyk." Ho korola ka ntlo le ntlo ho kopanya sechaba ha ba ntse ba thabela lijo tsa setso tse kang kutia (sopho e monate ea lijo-thollo) kapa borscht (sopho ea beet). Ena ke mehlala e meng ea matsatsi a phomolo a sa lebaleheng a Seukraine a bonts'ang nalane ea eona e ruileng, phapano ea lefa la setso ho pholletsa le libaka tsa Ukraine ka boeona e li etsa karolo ea bohlokoa ea boitsebahatso ba Seukraine.

Ukraine ke naha e fumanehang Europe Bochabela 'me e na le moruo o fapaneng o shebaneng le temo, indasteri le lits'ebeletso. Boemo ba khoebo ea naha bo tobane le mathata lilemong tsa morao tjena empa hape bo hlahisa menyetla. Lihlahisoa tse kholo tsa Ukraine li kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tsa temo tse kang lijo-thollo, oli ea soneblomo, meroho, litholoana le nama. Naha ena e tsejoa e le "breadbasket of Europe" ka lebaka la masimo a eona a nonneng le tlhahiso e kholo ea temo. diyantle tsena kenya letsoho haholo ho ho leka-lekana khoebo ea Ukraine. Ho phaella ho temo, Ukraine hape diyantle dihlahiswa tse sa tšoaneng liindasteri ho akarelletsa le mechine le thepa, tšepe le lihlahisoa tsa tšepe (tšepe, tšepe), lik'hemik'hale (menontsha), masela, le liaparo. Liindasteri tsa Ukraine li bile le karolo ea bohlokoa lekaleng la kantle la naha la thomello. Ukraine e itšetlehile haholo ka khoebo le linaha tse ling bakeng sa kholo ea moruo. Balekane ba eona ba ka sehloohong ba khoebo ke European Union (EU), Russia, China, Turkey, India, Egypt har'a tse ling. Kgwebisano le EU e eketsehile haesale ho kenngwa tshebetsong tumellano ya kgwebo e sa lefelloeng ka selemo sa 2016. Tumellano ena e tlositse mekoallo ya ditefiso pakeng tsa Ukraine le dinaha tseo e leng ditho tsa EU tse entseng hore ho atoloswe phihlello ya mebaraka bakeng sa mahlakore ka bobedi. Leha ho le joalo, ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore likhohlano tsa lipolotiki le Russia li amme mekhoa ea khoebo ea Ukraine. Kamora hore Russia e hapele Crimea ka 2014 le likhohlano tsa Ukraine Bochabela ho tloha ka nako eo li ile tsa senya likamano tse tloaelehileng tsa moruo lipakeng tsa linaha ka bobeli tse ileng tsa ama khoebo ea linaha tse peli hampe. Ho rarolla liqholotso tsena le ho hohela matsete a tsoang kantle ho naha bakeng sa kholo ea moruo e tsitsitseng, joalo ka nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo kapa merero ea matla a ka nchafatsoang e fetohile libaka tsa thahasello bakeng sa ho matlafatsa tšebelisano ea machaba. Ka kakaretso ho sa tsotellehe mathata a mang a moruo oa Ukraine haufinyane tjena ho entsoe tsoelo-pele e kholo ho ntlafatsa likamano tsa eona tsa khoebo ho pholletsa le libaka tse khothalletsang menyetla e mecha e tlatsetsang ho kopanngoa ha 'maraka oa lefatše.

Ukraine, e leng Europe Bochabela, e na le monyetla o moholo oa ho ntšetsa pele 'maraka oa eona oa khoebo ea kantle ho naha. Naha e ithorisa ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho, basebetsi ba nang le litsebo, le boemo ba libaka. E 'ngoe ea matla a bohlokoa a Ukraine ke lekala la eona la temo. Naha ena e na le mobu o moholo o nonneng o loketseng ho lengoa 'me esale e tsejoa e le "breadbasket of Europe." Ukraine ke e 'ngoe ea bahlahisi ba kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng le barekisi ba lijo-thollo, ho kopanyelletsa le koro le poone. Sena se fana ka menyetla e mengata ea hore lilekane tsa khoebo tsa machaba li fihlelle litlhoko tsa lijo tsa lefats'e. Ho feta moo, Ukraine e na le mehloli e mengata ea liminerale tse kang tšepe ea tšepe, mashala le khase ea tlhaho. Mehloli ena e tšehetsa indasteri ea naha ea tšepe, e leng se etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa lihlahisoa tsa tšepe lefatšeng ka bophara. Lekala le joalo le atlehang le thusa Ukraine ho kenya letsoho litumellanong tsa khoebo ea lefats'e le ho fana ka lisebelisoa tse tala ho liindasteri tse sa tšoaneng. Ho feta moo, Ukraine e na le baahi ba rutehileng haholo ba nang le litsebo tse matla tsa tekheniki liindastering tse kang lits'ebeletso tsa IT le tlhahiso ea lifofane. Naha e boetse e rua molemo ka litšenyehelo tse fihlellehang tsa basebetsi ha ho bapisoa le linaha tse tsoetseng pele. Lintlha tsena li hohela matsete ho tsoa lik'hamphaning tsa machabeng tse batlang lits'ebeletso tsa kantle ho naha kapa ho theha lits'ebeletso tsa tlhahiso. Ho feta moo, sebaka sa leano sa Ukraine mateanong a litsela lipakeng tsa Europe le Asia se fana ka litsela tse ntle tsa lipalangoang bakeng sa ho etsa khoebo ea machaba. E sebetsa e le monyako lipakeng tsa mebaraka ea EU le linaha tsa Asia Bohareng joalo ka China le Kazakhstan ka marang-rang a ntlafalitsoeng hantle a literene. Leha ho le joalo, ho sa tsotellehe menyetla ena, mathata a 'maloa a hloka ho sebetsana le nts'etsopele e atlehileng ea' maraka oa linaheng tse ling Ukraine. Ho hloka botsitso lipolotiking ho tsoela pele ho ama maikutlo a boemo ba khoebo har'a boramatsete ha bobolu bo baka litšitiso tlholisanong e hlokang toka. Ho ntlafatsa lintlha tsena ho tla ba bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hohela phallo ea matsete ka har'a naha. Qetellong, Ukraine e na le bokhoni bo boholo ho nts'etsopele ea 'maraka oa khoebo ea kantle ho naha ka lebaka la matla a eona a temo joalo ka morekisi oa lijo-thollo le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa tlhaho tse tšehetsang liindasteri tse fapaneng joalo ka metallurgy. Ho feta moo, basebetsi ba rutehileng ba nang le litsebo tsa lits'ebeletso tsa IT ba fana ka menyetla ea ho fana ka tšebelisano 'moho ha monyetla oa sebaka o ntlafatsa litsela tsa lipalangoang tse hokahanyang libaka tse fapaneng lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho sa tsotellehe mathata a kang ho se tsitse ha lipolotiki le mathata a bobolu a lokelang ho rarolloa ka ho tsoelang pele ho ntlafatsa tikoloho ea khoebo ho tla thusa kholo ea khoebo ea kantle ho naha ea Ukraine ka nako e telele.

Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho khetha lihlahisoa tse rekisoang tse chesang bakeng sa 'maraka oa khoebo oa kantle ho naha oa Ukraine, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka melemo e ikhethang ea naha le litlhoko tsa bareki. Joalo ka moruo o matla le o ntseng o hola, Ukraine e fana ka menyetla e mengata bakeng sa likhoebo tse batlang ho holisa boteng ba tsona 'marakeng ona. Ntlha ea pele, lihlahisoa tsa temo li batloa haholo Ukraine ka lebaka la mobu oa eona o ruileng le boemo ba leholimo bo botle. Lijo-thollo tse kang koro, poone le harese li batloa haholo ka hare ho naha le bakeng sa ho rekisetsoa kantle ho naha. Ho phaella moo, litholoana (liapole, monokotsoai) le meroho (litapole, eiee) ke lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa lijo tsa Seukraine. Taba ea bobeli, ho fanoe ka setsi sa indasteri sa Ukraine le basebetsi ba nang le tsebo, mechini le lisebelisoa li boetse li ratoa ke linaha tse ling. Mechini e amanang le temo (literekere, bakotuli), kaho (baepolli), tlhahiso ea matla (lijenereithara), hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka li ka lebisoa ho rekisoa. Taba ea boraro, thepa ea bareki e kang lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki (li-smartphone le lisebelisoa), lisebelisoa tsa ka tlung (lihatsetsi le lithelevishene), liaparo le lieta li na le tlhoko e kholo har'a batho ba Ukraine ba batlang lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo ka theko e tlase. Ho feta moo, lihlahisoa tse amanang le matla a tsosolositsoeng li tšoara bokhoni bo boholo ka lebaka la boitlamo ba Ukraine mabapi le nts'etsopele ea moshoelella. Liphanele tsa letsatsi / li-turbine tsa moea / lisebelisoa tse baballang matla e ka ba likhetho tse ipiletsang bakeng sa ho romelloa kantle ho naha. Ho feta moo, ka mekhoa e ntseng e eketseha ea ho ikopanya ha lichaba tsa lefatše lilemong tsa morao tjena - khoebo ea e-commerce le eona e ntse e eketseha. Ka hona, ho fana ka lintho tse khahlang joalo ka litlolo / lihlahisoa tsa botle / lisebelisoa tsa bophelo bo botle inthaneteng ho ka ama karolo ena ea bareki ba ratang ho ba le boiphihlelo bo bonolo ba ho reka. Ho bohlokoa eseng feela ho tseba likarolo tsena tse ka bang teng tsa sehlahisoa empa hape le ho utloisisa melao ea lehae mabapi le litekanyetso tsa ho reka kantle ho naha kapa litlhoko tsa molao tse amanang le ho rekisa thepa e itseng 'marakeng oa Ukraine. Qetellong: Lihlahisoa tsa temo tse kang lijo-thollo le litholoana; mechine le lisebelisoa; thepa ea bareki joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le lisebelisoa tsa lapeng; lintho tse amanang le matla a ka nchafatsoang; Linyehelo tsa e-commerce tse kenyelletsang litlolo / lihlahisoa tsa botle kaofela li fana ka likhetho tse tšepisang ha u khetha lihlahisoa tse rekisoang tse chesang bakeng sa 'maraka oa khoebo oa kantle ho naha oa Ukraine. Leha ho le joalo - lipatlisiso tsa pele mabapi le melao / melao le tsona li bohlokoa.

Ukraine, e Europe Bochabela, e na le litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa bareki le litloaelo tsa setso. Ho utloisisa lintlha tsena ho bohlokoa bakeng sa likamano tse atlehileng tsa khoebo naheng. Litšobotsi tsa Bareki: 1. Likamano tse sekametseng: Batho ba Ukraine ba ananela likamano tsa botho le tšepo ha ba etsa khoebo. Go aga kamano e e nonofileng e e ikaegileng ka go tlotlana go botlhokwa. 2. Boitšoaro le kamohelo ea baeti: Bareki ba Ukraine ba ananela boitšoaro bo hlomphehang, bo kang ho lumelisa ka ho tiisa ka letsoho le ho sebelisa litlotla tse hlophisitsoeng (mohlala, Mr./Ms./Dr.) ho fihlela ba memeloa ho sebelisa mabitso a pele. 3. Tlhokomelo ea bohlokoa: Batho ba Ukraine ke bareki ba sa tsotelleng litheko bao hangata ba bapisang litheko pele ba etsa qeto ea ho reka. 4. Tlhompho bakeng sa meetlo: Ka tloaelo bareki ba Ukraine ba ananela lefa la bona la setso le meetlo ea setso, e ka susumetsang lintho tseo ba li ratang ho reka. 5. Ho feto-fetoha ha nako: Batho ba Ukraine ba ka ’na ba e-ba le boikutlo bo phomotse mabapi le ho boloka nako ’me ba ka ’na ba se ke ba khomarela ka tieo kemiso kapa linako tse behiloeng. Litloaelo tsa Setso: 1. Ho nyatsa Ukraine kapa setso sa eona: Ke habohlokoa ho qoba ho fana ka litlhaloso tse nyelisang ka naha kapa meetlo ea eona ha u ntse u sebelisana le bareki ba Ukraine. 2. Ho hlompholla litumelo tsa bolumeli: Ukraine e na le mekhoa ea bolumeli e sa tšoaneng, ho akarelletsa le Bokreste ba Orthodox e leng bona bo hlaheletseng. Ho bontša ho se hlomphe litumelo tsa bolumeli ho ka baka tsitsipano kapa ho khopisa bareki. 3. Ho iphapanyetsa litumeliso: Baahi ba Ukraine ba na le litumeliso tse khethehileng bakeng sa liketsahalo tse fapaneng, haholo-holo nakong ea matsatsi a phomolo kapa mekete ea malapa e kang machato kapa mapato. Ho amohela litumeliso tsena ho bontša ho hlompha setso sa bona. 4.Lipuisano tsa lipolotiki: Qoba ho buisana ka litaba tse tebileng tsa lipolotiki tse amanang le nalane ea Ukraine joalo ka mehla ea Soviet Union; ho molemo ho qoba lipolotiki ka ho feletseng ntle le haeba moreki a mo memme ka ho hlaka. Ka kakaretso, ho boloka botsebi, ho theha likamano tsa botho tse thehiloeng ho tšepa, le ho bontša kananelo bakeng sa meetlo ea Seukraine ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa ha u sebetsana le bareki ba tsoang Ukraine. Ho tseba litloaelo tsa setso ho tla netefatsa puisano e nang le tlhompho e khothalletsang likamano tse ntle le balekane ba hau ba Ukraine

Ukraine e na le mekhoa e metle le tsamaiso ea ho laola moeli sebakeng sa ho netefatsa phallo e boreleli ea batho le thepa ka hare le ka ntle ho naha. The State Fiscal Service (SFS) e na le boikarabelo ba ho kenya ts'ebetsong melao ea lekhetho le ho hlokomela tšireletso ea meeli. Ha ba kena Ukraine, baeti ba tlameha ho fana ka pasepoto e nepahetseng e setseng bonyane likhoeli tse tšeletseng tsa ho sebetsa. Ho feta moo, baahi ba bang ba ka hloka visa ho latela hore na ke baahi ba mofuta ofe. Ho kgothaletswa ho hlahloba le boemeli ba Seukraine kapa moemeli pele u tsamaea. Mabapi le thepa, ho na le lithibelo tse itseng ho se ka tlisoang Ukraine. Lintho tse kang lithethefatsi, libetsa, liqhomane le lihlahisoa tsa maiketsetso li thibetsoe ka thata. Lintho tse ling li ka boela tsa hloka litumello tse khethehileng kapa litokomane bakeng sa ho rekoa. Liphatlalatso tsa meetlo li tlamehile ha u tlisa chelete e fetang 10,000 Euros kapa e lekanang le eona. Ho eletsoa ho etsa liphatlalatso tse nepahetseng ho qoba likotlo leha e le life tse ka bang teng kapa tieho moeling. Ha u tšela moeli, hangata u tla hlahlojoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho falla moo phasepoto ea hau e tla hlahlojoa le ho hatisoa ka nepo. Thoto e ka 'na ea hlahlojoa ka tšohanyetso ke balaoli ba lekhetho molemong oa ts'ireletso. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore bobolu e bile bothata tsamaisong ea meetlo ea Ukraine nakong e fetileng; leha ho le joalo, matsapa a entsoe ke ba boholong ho sebetsana le bothata bona ka ho eketsa pepeneneng le mekhoa ea ho beha leihlo. Ho etsa bonnete ba hore o na le boiphihlelo bo monate ha o feta meetlong ea Seukraine: 1. Itloaetse litlhoko tsa morao-rao tsa maeto ho tsoa mehloling ea molao pele ho leeto la hau. 2. E-ba le litokomane tsohle tse hlokahalang bakeng sa tlhahlobo. 3. Hlalosa lintho leha e le life tsa bohlokoa ka nepo. 4.Be itokiselitse litšitiso tse ka khonehang tsa puo ka ho ba le tlhahisoleseding ea bohlokoa e fetoletsoeng ka Seukraine kapa Serussia. 5.E-ba le mamello nakong ea licheke tsa bojaki kaha linako tsa ho leta li ka fapana. Ka ho latela litataiso tsena le ho khomarela melao ea meetlo ea Seukraine, u ka tsamaea ka har'a meeli ea naha ka katleho ha u ntse u hlompha melao le setso sa eona.

Ukraine, joalo ka naha e ipusang, e na le maano a eona a litefiso tsa kantle ho naha ho laola ho kena ha thepa ho tsoa linaheng tse ling. Lenaneo la naha la lekgetho la ho reka kantle ho naha le reretswe ho tshireletsa diindaseteri tsa lehae, ho leka-lekanya dikgaello tsa kgwebo le ho hlahisetsa mmuso lekeno. Mona ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa mabapi le mesebetsi ea kantle ho naha ea Ukraine: 1. Boholo ba thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling e kenang Ukraine e tlas'a mesebetsi ea meetlo e thehiloeng ho lihlopha tsa bona ho ea ka sehlopha sa Seukraine sa thepa bakeng sa mosebetsi oa moruo oa linaheng tse ling. 2. Litefiso tsa khetho li atisa ho sebelisoa tlas'a litumellano tse sa tšoaneng tsa khoebo ea mahala tseo Ukraine e saenneng le lichaba tse ling. Litumellano tse joalo li fokotsa kapa li felisa lekhetho la lekhetho lihlahisoa tse itseng tse rekoang ho tsoa linaheng tsa balekane. 3. Chelete ea tefiso ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling e itšetlehile ka kakaretso ea boleng ba meetlo kapa theko ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling, ho phaella ho litšenyehelo leha e le life tsa lipalangoang le inshorense tse amanang le ho li tlisa Ukraine. 4. Lintho tse ling li ka ’na tsa lokolloa lekhethong la thepa ka ho feletseng haeba li oela tlas’a mekhahlelo e itseng e nkoang e le ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ntlafatso ea naha kapa li nkoa li hlokahala molemong oa liphallelo. 5. Thepa le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa temo li ka ba le litefiso tse phahameng tsa moetlo tse behiloeng e le mehato ea ts'ireletso bakeng sa bahlahisi ba malapeng. 6. Makhetho a tlatsetso joalo ka lekhetho la boleng bo ekelitsoeng (VAT) le makhetho a thepa a ka sebetsa ho latela mofuta oa sehlahisoa se rekoang kantle ho naha. 7. Batho ba tsoang kantle ho naha ba ka 'na ba tobana le litefiso tsa tsamaiso tse amanang le lits'ebetso tsa tumello ea lekhetho, litlhoko tsa litokomane, tlhahlobo, le mekhoa e meng ea tsamaiso likoung tse peli tsa leoatle le meeli ea naha. 8. 'Muso oa Ukraine nako le nako o nchafatsa kemiso ea oona ea litefiso ka liphetoho tsa molao tse reretsoeng ho ikamahanya le litumellano tsa machaba kapa ho sebetsana le merero e itseng ea moruo e kang ho tšehetsa liindasteri tsa lehae kapa ho laola thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling nakong ea mathata a lichelete. Ka kopo hlokomela hore tlhahisoleseling ena e fana ka kakaretso ea maano a lekhetho a tsoang kantle ho naha a Ukraine; lintlha tse tobileng mabapi le lihlahisoa tsa motho ka mong li ka fumanoa ka ho bua ka kemiso ea molao e hatisitsoeng ke Seukraine Customs Services kapa ho buisana le lik'hamphani tse tsamaisang thepa tse sebetsanang le melao ea machaba ea khoebo.

Ukraine, e leng naha e Europe Bochabela, e na le leano le akaretsang la lekhetho bakeng sa thepa ea eona e tsoang kantle ho naha. Tsamaiso ya lekgetho e ikemiseditse ho netefatsa tlhodisano e hlokang leeme le ho kgothaletsa kgolo ya moruo. Mona ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa leano la lekhetho la thepa ea kantle ho naha la Ukraine: 1. Value Added Tax (VAT): Boholo ba diyantle ho tswa Ukraine ba lokolotsoe ho VAT. Sena se bolela hore barekisi ba kantle ho naha ha ba tlameha ho lefa lekhetho lena la tšebeliso ea thepa thepa ea bona e romelloang kantle ho naha. 2. Lekhetho la Lekeno la Khamphani: Barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba Ukraine ba tlas'a sekhahla sa lekhetho le phahameng la 18%. Sekhahla sena se sebetsa ho phaello e hlahisoang ke thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha. 3. Customs Duties: Ukraine e thehile mesebetsi ea meetlo ka lihlahisoa tse itseng tse tsoang linaheng tse ling, ho akarelletsa le tse reretsoeng ho sebelisoa malapeng kapa mekhoa ea indasteri. Leha ho le joalo, boholo ba thepa e reretsoeng ho romelloa kantle ho naha kapa ho romelloa bocha hangata ha e lefelloe lekhetho la lekhetho. 4. Lekhetho la Lekhetho: Lihlahisoa tse ling tse khethehileng tse kang joala, koae le mafura li ka ’na tsa lefisoa lekhetho la thepa pele li romelloa kantle ho naha ea Ukraine. Makhetho ana a fapana ho latela mofuta le bongata ba lihlahisoa tse romelloang kantle ho naha. 5. Libaka tse Khethehileng tsa Moruo (SEZ): Ukraine e fana ka libaka tse khethehileng tsa moruo tse nang le maemo a matle a lekhetho bakeng sa barekisi ba kantle ho naha ka sepheo sa ho matlafatsa matsete a kantle ho naha le ho matlafatsa tlholisano ea khoebo ea machabeng. 6. Litumellano tsa Khoebo ea Mahala (FTA): E le karolo ea leano la eona la khoebo ea kantle, Ukraine e kene litumellanong tsa khoebo e sa lefelloeng le linaha tse fapaneng le li-blocs tsa libaka tse kang Canada, European Union (EU), Turkey, le morao tjena le United Kingdom ka mor'a Brexit. nako ea phetoho e fela ka 2020. Sena se thusa barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba Ukraine ho rua molemo ho tsoa litefisong tse fokotsehileng kapa tsa lefela ha ba romella thepa ea bona limmarakeng tsena tse fapaneng. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore maano a lekhetho a ka 'na a fetoha ka mor'a nako ka lebaka la maemo a moruo a ntseng a fetoha kapa liqeto tsa mmuso tse reretsoeng ho susumetsa mesebetsi ea khoebo makaleng a itseng kapa libakeng tse ling ka hare ho Ukraine.

Ukraine, e fumanehang Europe Bochabela, e tsebahala ka mefuta e fapaneng ea thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha. Naha e kentse tshebetsong tshebetso e matla ya ho fana ka setifikeiti sa kantle ho naha ho netefatsa boleng le boikamahanyo ba dihlahiswa tsa yona. Bolaoli bo ka sehloohong bo ikarabellang bakeng sa litifikeiti tsa kantle ho naha Ukraine ke Tšebeletso ea Naha ea Ukraine mabapi le Polokeho ea Lijo le Tšireletso ea Bareki (SSUFSCP). Setheo sena se laola le ho beha leihlo maemo a polokeho ea lijo, hammoho le ho fana ka litifikeiti tsa lihlahisoa tsa temo. Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa temo, bahlahisi ba Ukraine ba tlameha ho latela litlhoko tse behiloeng ke mekhatlo ea machaba ea litekanyetso tse kang International Organization for Standardization (ISO) kapa Codex Alimentarius. Litekanyetso tsena li akaretsa libaka tse kang litsamaiso tsa taolo ea polokeho ea lijo, litloaelo tsa bohloeki, litlhoko tsa ho ngola, le ho latelloa. Ho fumana setifikeiti sa kantle ho naha ho tsoa ho SSUFSCP, barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba tlameha ho fana ka litokomane tse qaqileng mabapi le litlhaloso tsa sehlahisoa, lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso, lisebelisoa tsa ho paka tse sebelisitsoeng, le tlhaiso-leseling efe kapa efe e amanang le eona. Lisebelisoa tsa k'hamphani le tsona li ka hlahlojoa ho netefatsa hore li latela melaoana e behiloeng. Ho feta moo, likarolo tse ikhethileng tsa lihlahisoa li ka hloka litifikeiti tse eketsehileng. Ka mohlala: 1. Lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho: Haeba ho romela thepa ea tlhaho e kang lijo-thollo kapa meroho tlas'a li-labels kapa litifikeiti tsa tlhaho (mohlala, USDA Organic), lik'hamphani tsa Ukraine li hloka ho kopana le melao ea European Union organic. 2. Lihlahisoa tse se nang GMO: Linaha tse ling li batla bopaki ba hore thepa e romelloang kantle ha e tsoe ho liphatsa tsa lefutso (genetically modified organisms) (GMOs). Bahlahisi ba ka fumana setifikeiti sa mahala sa GMO ho tsoa lilaboratoring tse ikemetseng tse amoheloang ke linaha tse tsoang kantle ho naha. 3. Lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo: Ho romelloa kantle ho naha ha nama kapa lihlahisoa tsa lebese ho hloka ho tsamaellana le litlhoko tsa bohloeki le tsa bongaka ba liphoofolo tse thehiloeng ke balaoli ba linaha tse rekang kantle ho naha. Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko hore naha ka 'ngoe eo ho eang ho eona e ka ba le melaoana ea eona ea ho reka kantle ho naha le litlhoko tsa setifikeiti bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse ikhethileng. Ka hona, ho eletsoa hore barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba Ukraine ba etse lipatlisiso tse felletseng mabapi le limmaraka tse shebiloeng pele ba qala ho romelloa. Ka kakaretso, Ukraine e beha khatello e kholo ho litifikeiti tsa kantle ho naha ho netefatsa hore thepa ea eona e fihlela maemo a machabeng le ho boloka botumo bo botle mebarakeng ea lefatše.

Ukraine, e Europe Bochabela, ke naha e nang le indasteri e matla le e tsoelang pele ea thepa. Ka sebaka sa eona sa maqheka sa libaka le marang-rang a lipalangoang a hokahaneng hantle, Ukraine e fana ka likhetho tse 'maloa bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tse sebetsang hantle le tse tšepahalang. 1. Sea Freight: Ukraine e na le monyetla oa ho fihla likoung tse khōlō ho akarelletsa le Odessa, Yuzhny, le Mariupol haufi le lebōpo la Black Sea. Maemakepe ana a fana ka lits'ebeletso tse ntle haholo tsa thepa ea leoatleng bakeng sa mesebetsi ea kantle ho naha le kantle ho naha. Ba sebetsana le mefuta e mengata ea thepa, ho kenyeletsoa ho tsamaisa thepa, ho tsamaisa thepa e ngata, le litšebeletso tsa Ro-Ro (roll-on/roll-off). 2. Rail Freight: Ukraine e na le marangrang a pharaletseng a terene e hokahanyang linaheng tse sa tšoaneng tsa Europe tse kang Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Russia, Belarus, le tse ling. Ukrzaliznytsia ke k'hamphani ea naha ea literene e fanang ka likhetho tse tšepahalang tsa ho tsamaisa thepa ho pholletsa le naha. 3. Air Freight: Bakeng sa thomello ea nako kapa litlhoko tsa lipalangoang tsa sebaka se selelele, thepa ea sefofane ke khetho e nepahetseng Ukraine. Naha e na le boema-fofane ba machaba ba 'maloa joalo ka Boryspil International Airport (KBP) e Kyiv le Odesa International Airport (ODS) e fanang ka lits'ebeletso tse felletseng tsa thepa ea moea tse hokahanyang litoropo tse kholo lefatšeng ka bophara. 4. Lipalangoang Tseleng: Tsamaiso ea lipalangoang tsa litsela e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa indastering ea thepa ea Ukraine ka lebaka la marang-rang a eona a pharaletseng a koahelang lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 169. Likhamphani tsa literaka li fana ka tharollo ea ntlo le ntlo ka hare ho Ukraine hammoho le lipalangoang tse tšelang moeli ho ea linaheng tsa boahelani tse kang Poland kapa Romania. 5. Litsi tsa Bobolokelo: Ho ts'ehetsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea taolo ea phepelo ka har'a meeli ea naha kapa thepa e rekisoang ea machabeng e fetang sebakeng sa Ukraine ho ea libakeng tse ling - ho na le meaho e mengata ea sejoale-joale ea polokelo e fumanehang metseng e meholo joalo ka Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv e fana ka tharollo e sireletsehileng ea polokelo pele e ajoa. 6. Customs Clearance Services: Ha o sebetsana le mesebetsi ea khoebo ea machaba e amanang le thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling kapa diyantle ho tloha / ho Ukraine Customs clearance fetoha tlhokahalo ea bohlokoa. Naha e thehile mokhoa o lokisitsoeng oa litloaelo ka ho kenya tšebetsong litsamaiso tsa elektroniki le mekhoa e nolofalitsoeng ea litokomane ho netefatsa hore thepa e tsamaisoa hantle ho tšela meeli. 7. Bafani ba Mokha oa Boraro oa Logistics (3PL): Ukraine e na le 'maraka o ntseng o hōla bakeng sa bafani ba litšebeletso tsa thepa ea mokha oa boraro, o fana ka tharollo e kopanetsoeng e kenyelletsang litšebeletso tsa lipalangoang, tsa polokelo le tsa kabo. Bafani bana ba 3PL ba na le boiphihlelo ba ho laola liketane tsa phepelo ka nepo ha ba ntse ba sebelisa tsebo le lisebelisoa tsa bona ho fana ka tharollo ea thepa e hlophisitsoeng. Qetellong, Ukraine e fana ka mefuta e mengata ea litšebeletso tsa thepa ho kenyeletsa thepa ea leoatleng, thepa ea terene, thepa ea lifofane, lipalangoang tsa litsela, lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea thepa hammoho le litšebeletso tsa ho lahla meetlo ka likoung tsa eona tse fumanehang le marang-rang a mangata a lipalangoang. Ka tšehetso ea bafani ba 3PL ba nang le phihlelo ba fumanehang 'marakeng-Ukraine e itlhahisa e le khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa likhoebo tse batlang litharollo tse tšepahalang le tse sebetsang tsa thepa ka hare ho Europe Bochabela.

Lipontšo tsa bohlokoa tsa khoebo

Ukraine, e le naha ea Europe Bochabela, e na le litsela tse sa tšoaneng tsa bohlokoa tsa machaba ho reka moreki ntshetsopele ya dikanale le lipontšo tse sebeletsang e le platforms senotlolo bakeng sa khoebo le khoebo. Mecha le lipontšo tsena li thusa lik'hamphani ho bontša lihlahisoa kapa litšebeletso tsa tsona, ho theha maqhama le bareki bao e ka bang bareki, ho hlahloba menyetla ea 'maraka le ho atolosa mesebetsi ea bona. Mona ke tse ling tsa tse hlahelletseng: 1. Lenaneo la Machaba la Moreki: Ukraine e kopanela ka mafolofolo Lenaneong la Machaba la Moreki le hlophisitsoeng ke Lefapha la Khoebo la U.S. Lenaneo lena le thusa ho kopanya khoebo lipakeng tsa lik'hamphani tsa Ukraine le bareki ba Amerika ka lipontšo tse fapaneng tsa khoebo tse tšoaretsoeng United States. 2. EU-Ukraine Summit: European Union ke ea bohlokoa khoebo molekane bakeng sa Ukraine. Seboka sa EU-Ukraine se khothalletsa tšebelisano-'moho moruong pakeng tsa mahlakore ka bobeli ka ho hlophisa liketsahalo tse kopanyang likhoebo tse tsoang libakeng tseo ka bobeli ho buisana ka menyetla ea khoebo. 3. Seukraine Trade Mission: Seukraine bamisio khoebo li hlophisitsoe ke mekhatlo ea 'muso ho ntšetsa pele diyantle le ho hohela matsete a tsoang linaheng tse ling moruong oa Ukraine. Mesebetsi ena e kenyelletsa likopano le bareki ba ka bang teng, lipuo tse mabapi le menyetla ea matsete, liforamu tsa khoebo, joalo-joalo. 4.Export Promotion Offices (EPO): EPOs sebetsa lefatšeng ka bophara ho ho kgothaletsa dihlahiswa Seukraine linaheng tse ling le bebofatsa dikgokelo le bareki machaba. Mohlala, Ofisi ea Phatlalatso ea kantle ho naha ea Ukraine e lula e hlophisa likopano tsa kantle ho naha moo likhoebo li ka kopanang le balekane ba kantle ho naha. 5.Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce: The Seukraine Chamber of Commerce o sebeletsa e le mohlodi oa bohlokoa bakeng sa lik'hamphani tse batlang balekane ba thepa ea machaba ea. Ba fana ka liketsahalo tsa marang-rang tse kang li-seminar, lithupelo, likopano tsa bareki-morekisi tse hokahanyang likhoebo tsa lehae le liketane tsa phepelo ea lefats'e. 6.International Trade Fairs: Ukraine mabotho a 'maloa hlokomelehang khoebo ea machaba fairs ho pholletsa le selemo ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse kang temo (AgroAnimalShow), kaho (InterBuildExpo), matla (Matla Engineering bakeng Industry), IT & thekenoloji (Lviv IT Arena), joalo-joalo, Tsena dipontsho di hohela bareki ba lehae le ba kantle ho naha ba batlang dihlahiswa kapa dilekane tsa boiqapelo. 7.UCRAA Fair Trade Show: UCRAA Fair Trade Show ke pontšo ea selemo le selemo e shebaneng le ho bontša lihlahisoa tsa Seukraine ho bareki ba machaba. E kopanya barekisi ba kantle le ba kantle ho naha ho tsoa liindasteri tse fapaneng, e fana ka sethala sa lipuisano tsa khoebo, litumellano, le litšebelisano. 8.Ukraine-Expo: Ukraine-Expo ke sethaleng sa inthanete se kopanyang bahlahisi ba Ukraine le bareki ba tsoang linaheng tse ling. E sebetsa joalo ka 'maraka oa nnete moo likhoebo li ka bonts'ang thepa/lits'ebeletso tsa tsona le ho kenella puisanong e tobileng le bareki ba machabeng ba ka bang teng. 9.Ambassadorial Business Council: The Ambassadorial Business Council ea Ukraine sebetsa e le borokho pakeng tsa bareki tsoang linaheng tse ling le bahlahisi ba sebakeng seo ka ho hlophisa liketsahalo tse khothalletsang likamano tsa khoebo. Liketsahalo tsena li kenyelletsa liboka tsa bareki-morekisi, likopano tse ikhethileng indastering, le linako tsa marang-rang. 10.Liforamo tsa Moruo oa Machaba: Ukraine e tšoara liforamo tsa machaba tsa moruo tse kang Seboka sa Machaba sa Moruo sa Kyiv (KIEF) le Seboka sa Leano la Europe la Yalta (YES). Li-platform tsena li kopanya baetsi ba melao, baetapele ba khoebo, litsebi tsa lefapha, le bo-ramatsete ba tsoang lefats'eng lohle ho buisana ka menyetla ea ntlafatso ea moruo Ukraine. Mecha ena le lipontšo li kenya letsoho haholo ho arola 'maraka oa kantle ho naha oa Ukraine ka ho hohela balekane ba lefats'e ba ho reka thepa mafapheng a fapaneng. Li thusa ho matlafatsa likamano tsa khoebo ea linaha tse peli ha li ntse li fana ka menyetla bakeng sa likhoebo tsa Ukraine ho fihlella mebaraka e pharalletseng ea machabeng.

Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho batla

Ho na le lienjineri tse 'maloa tse tsebahalang tsa ho batla Ukraine tse sebelisoang hangata ke baahi ba eona. Tse ling tsa tsona ke tsena: 1. Google Ukraine (www.google.com.ua): Google ke sebatli se sebelisoang haholo lefatšeng ka bophara, hape le Ukraine. E fana ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lits'ebeletso le liphetho tsa lipatlisiso tse etselitsoeng basebelisi ba Marang-rang ba Ukraine. 2. Yandex (www.yandex.ua): Yandex ke khamphani ea Russia ea machaba ea theknoloji e sebelisang e 'ngoe ea lienjineri tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa ho batla Russia le linaheng tse ling tsa Europe Bochabela, ho kenyeletsoa le Ukraine. 3. Meta.ua (www.meta.ua): Meta.ua ke Seukraine web-portal hore akarelletsa ho batla enjene tšobotsi. E fana ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea tlhahisoleseling, joalo ka litaba, boemo ba leholimo, limmapa, jj. 4. Rambler (nova.rambler.ru): Rambler ke enjine e 'ngoe e tsebahalang ea ho batla ea Serussia e sebeletsang basebelisi ba Ukraine hammoho le linaha tse ling tse buang Serussia. 5. ukr.net (search.ukr.net): Ukr.net ke sebaka sa marang-rang sa Ukraine se fanang ka lits'ebeletso tsa lengolo-tsoibila hammoho le likarolo tse fapaneng joalo ka litaba, lintlha tsa boemo ba leholimo, le enjine ea ho batla e kopaneng bakeng sa basebelisi ho fumana lintlha inthaneteng. 6. Bing Ukraine (www.bing.com/?cc=ua): Bing e boetse e na le mofuta oa lehae ka ho khetheha bakeng sa basebelisi ba Ukraine moo ba ka etsang lipatlisiso le ho fihlella lits'ebeletso tse ling tsa Microsoft joalo ka lengolo-tsoibila le litaba. Lienjineri tse ling tse tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara joalo ka Yahoo li na le lits'ebetso tse nyane tsa basebelisi Ukraine ha li bapisoa le tse boletsoeng ka holimo empa li ntse li fumaneha ke batho ba Ukraine ba li ratang ho feta bahlolisani ba lehae. Hopola ho ba hlokolosi ka linako tsohle ha u ntse u batla sebakeng sefe kapa sefe sa marang-rang kapa sethala seo u sa se tloaelang 'me u ele hloko mekhoa e metle ea cybersecurity ha u bala mehloli ea Marang-rang ho tsoa naheng efe kapa efe kapa tikolohong efe kapa efe.

Maqephe a maholo a mosehla

Ukraine, ho na le maqephe a 'maloa a mosehla a bohlokoa a ka fanang ka tlhahisoleseling e pharaletseng mabapi le likhoebo le lits'ebeletso tse fapaneng. Mona ke tse ling tsa libuka tse kholo tsa maqephe a mosehla naheng hammoho le liwebsaete tsa bona: 1. Yellow Pages Ukraine - Bukana ena ea Marang-rang e fana ka lethathamo le felletseng la likhoebo ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng tsa Ukraine. Sebaka sa Marang-rang se fana ka karolo ea ho batla ho fumana lik'hamphani tse itseng, lintlha tsa bona tsa ho ikopanya le lintlha tsa sebaka sa marang-rang. Webosaete: https://www.yellowpages.ua/en 2. Seukraine Exporters Database - Sethala sena se tsepamisitse maikutlo ho nts'etsopele ea li-export tsa Seukraine 'me e fana ka database ea barekisi ba tsoang linaheng tse ling likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tse kang temo, mechine, lik'hemik'hale, masela le tse ling. E kenyelletsa lintlha tsa k'hamphani tse nang le lintlha tsa ho ikopanya. Webosaete: http://ukrexport.gov.ua/en/ 3. All-Seukraine Internet Association (AUIA) Business Directory - AUIA ke e 'ngoe ea mekhatlo e etellang pele inthanete Ukraine 'me e fana ka bukana ea khoebo e nang le lik'hamphani tse tsoang libakeng tse fapaneng ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse ngata. Lenane lena le kenyelletsa lintlha tse qaqileng tsa lik'hamphani tse nang le lintlha tsa bohlokoa mabapi le lihlahisoa kapa litšebeletso tse fanoang ke mokhatlo ka mong. Webosaete: http://directory.auiab.org/ 4. iBaza.com.ua - Lethathamo lena la khoebo la Marang-rang le akaretsa mekhahlelo e fapaneng ho kenyeletsoa bahlahisi, barekisi, bafani ba litšebeletso, barekisi ba mabenkele, barekisi le tse ling ho pholletsa le libaka tsa Ukraine. Basebelisi ba ka batla lik'hamphani tse itseng ba sebelisa mantsoe a bohlokoa kapa ba sheba mekhahlelo e fapaneng ho fumana likhoebo tse amehang. Webosaete: https://ibaza.com.ua/en/ 5. UkRCatalog.com - Bukana ena e thathamisa lik'hamphani tse sebetsang Ukraine ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng tse kang bafani ba thepa ea kaho, bafani ba litšebeletso tsa molao. litsi tsa bongaka joalo-joalo E na le lintlha tse qaqileng tsa lik'hamphani tse kenyelletsang sebaka sa tsona ho limmapa tsa google bakeng sa ho tsamaea ha bonolo. Webosaete: http://www.ukrcatalog.com Mananeo ana a maqephe a mosehla a fana ka lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ho thusa batho ka bomong le likhoebo ho fumana leseli mabapi le lihlahisoa, litšebeletso, le mekhatlo eo ba ka 'nang ba e batla ka har'a 'maraka oa Ukraine. Ka kopo elelloa hore liwebsaete tse ling li kanna tsa ba le likhetho tse ling tse thehiloeng ho peeletso bakeng sa ho fihlella data e pharalletseng kapa likarolo tse tsoetseng pele ho feta manane a mantlha. Kamehla ho khothaletsoa ho netefatsa bonnete le bots'epehi ba likhoebo ka liphuputso tse ling pele u etsa mesebetsi efe kapa efe.

Li-platform tse kholo tsa khoebo

Ukraine ke naha e fumanehang Europe Bochabela e nang le 'maraka o ntseng o hola oa e-commerce. Mona ke tse ling tsa li-platform tsa e-commerce tse kholo tsa Ukraine, hammoho le liwebsaete tsa bona: 1. Prom.ua: Prom.ua ke e 'ngoe ea li-platform tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa e-commerce tsa Ukraine, tse fanang ka lihlahisoa tse ngata tse tsoang likarolong tse fapaneng tse kang lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, feshene, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng, le tse ling. Webosaete: https://prom.ua/ 2. Rozetka.com.ua: Rozetka ke sebaka se seng se tummeng sa marang-rang sa marang-rang se sebetsanang ka ho khetheha le lisebelisoa tsa elektronike le lisebelisoa tsa ntlo. E boetse e na le lihlahisoa tse tsoang likarolong tse ling tse kang feshene, botle, lisebelisoa tsa lipapali le tse ling. Webosaete: https://rozetka.com.ua/ 3. Citrus.ua: Citrus ke morekisi ea thehiloeng marang-rang o shebaneng le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki ho kenyelletsa li-smartphone, lilaptop, lik'hamera, lithelevishene le lisebelisoa. Ba boetse ba fana ka litšebeletso tsa ho fana ka litšebeletso ho pholletsa le Ukraine. Webosaete: https://www.citrus.ua/ 4 . Allo : Allo ke sethala se etelletseng pele sa e-commerce sa Ukraine se sebetsanang haholo le mehala ea cellular hammoho le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa elektroniki le lisebelisoa. Webosaete: http://allo.com/ua 5 . Foxtrot : Foxtrot e shebane haholo le ho rekisa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki joalo ka likhomphutha le lisebelisoa, lilaptop, lisebelisoa tsa papali, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng joalo-joalo. Joalo ka 'maraka o mong oa ecommerce o fana ka thepa ea lapeng naheng eohle. Webosaete: https://www.bt.rozetka.com.ru/ 6 . Bigl.ua : Bigl (Biglion) e sebetsa e le 'maraka oa marang-rang o fanang ka litheolelo tse theotsoeng ka thepa e fapaneng ho kenyeletsoa empa e sa felle feela ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki , liaparo , lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo jj. Webosaete: https://bigl.ua/ Ka kopo hlokomela hore lenane lena le kenyelletsa tse ling tsa li-platform tsa e-commerce tse hlahelletseng tsa Ukraine; leha ho le joalo ho ka 'na ha e-ba le tse ling hape ho itšetlehile ka lihlopha tse itseng tsa lihlahisoa kapa limmaraka tsa niche ka hare ho naha ka kakaretso ea khoebo ea digital.Ho khetha bakeng sa tsena tse ratoang ho tla eketsa menyetla ea hau ea ho fumana seo u se batlang ha u reka Inthaneteng Ukraine.

Mecha ea litaba e kholo ea sechaba

Ukraine ke naha e Europe Bochabela, 'me joalo ka lichaba tse ling tse ngata, e na le liforomo tsa eona tse tsebahalang tsa litaba tsa sechaba. Mona ke tse ling tsa liwebsaete tse hlahelletseng tsa marang-rang tse sebelisoang Ukraine: 1. VKontakte (https://vk.com/): E tsejoa e le "Facebook ea Russia," VKontakte e sebelisoa haholo eseng feela Ukraine empa hape le linaheng tse ling tse buang Serussia. Basebelisi ba ka theha liprofaele, ba arolelana lintlha, ba ikopanya le lihlopha, 'me ba hokahana le metsoalle. 2. Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/): Joaloka e 'ngoe ea li-platform tsa mecha ea litaba ea sechaba, Facebook e na le boteng bo matla Ukraine. E lumella basebelisi ho hokahana le metsoalle le ba lelapa, ho theha maqephe le lihlopha tse khahlisang, le ho arolelana litaba tsa multimedia. 3. Odnoklassniki (https://ok.ru/): Odnoklassniki e fetolela ho "Liithuti-'moho le uena" ka Senyesemane 'me e tumme har'a basebelisi ba Seukraine ba kopanang hape le liithuti-'moho le bona tsa khale kapa bao u kenang sekolo le bona. Sebaka sa marang-rang se fana ka likarolo tse tšoanang le tse fumanehang ho VKontakte. 4. Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/): Sethala sa ho arolelana lifoto se sebelisoang haholo lefatšeng ka bophara, Instagram e fumane botumo ba bohlokoa le Ukraine. Basebelisi ba ka beha linepe le livideo profilaneng ea bona kapa lipale ha ba ntse ba latela ba bang bakeng sa khothatso kapa boithabiso. 5. Thelekramo (https://telegram.org/): Thelekramo ke sesebelisoa sa melaetsa se thehiloeng marung se fanang ka mecha ea puisano e sireletsehileng ka melaetsa e patiloeng le mehala ea lentsoe. E ile ea tuma ka lebaka la likarolo tsa eona tsa lekunutu hammoho le liteishene tse ngata tsa sechaba bakeng sa lithahasello tse fapaneng. 6.Viber ( https://www.viber.com/en/): Viber ke sesebelisoa sa melaetsa se lumellang basebelisi ho romella melaetsa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ka khokahanyo ea inthanete ba sebelisa mahlale a khokahanyo a patiloeng joalo ka encryption ea ho qetela bakeng sa lipuisano tsa lekunutu. ka likhetho tsa ho letsetsa video 7.TikTok( https://www.tiktok.com/en/) : TikTok e se e tumme haholo har'a bacha ba Ukraine ka ho arolelana livideo tse khutšoane hammoho le liphephetso tsa motjeko, lipina, lifilimi joalo-joalo. Ka kopo hlokomela hore liforomo tsena ha li sebelisoe feela Ukraine 'me li na le maemo a fapaneng a botumo har'a lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa lilemo le libaka ka hare ho naha.

Mekhatlo e meholo ea indasteri

Ukraine, joalo ka naha e ntseng e tsoela pele, e na le mekhatlo e mengata e hlahelletseng ea indasteri e bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ho emela le ho ts'ehetsa mafapha a fapaneng a moruo. Mona ke tse ling tsa mekhatlo e meholo ea indasteri ea Ukraine hammoho le li-URL tsa sebaka sa bona sa Marang-rang: 1. Seukraine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (UNCCI) - E Thehilwe ka 1963, UNCCI ke mokhatlo o nang le tšusumetso ho matlafatsa khoebo ea machaba le tsoelo-pele ea moruo Ukraine. Ba fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa ts'ehetso ho likhoebo, ba hlophisa mesebetsi ea khoebo, le ho tsamaisa likamano. Webosaete: https://uccii.org/en/ 2. Mokhatlo oa Seukraine oa Litsebi tsa Real Estate (UARS) - UARS ke mokhatlo o ka sehloohong oa litsebi tsa thekiso ea matlo Ukraine. Ba tsepamisitse maikutlo ho nts'etsopele ea mekhoa e metle ea khoebo, nts'etsopele ea litsebo, le menyetla ea marang-rang ka har'a lekala la thekiso ea matlo. Webosaete: http://ua.rs.ua/en/ 3. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Khoebo oa Ukraine (AmCham) - AmCham e emela lik'hamphani tse peli tsa Amerika tse sebetsang Ukraine le likhoebo tsa lehae tse nang le likamano le United States. E sebeletsa ho ntlafatsa maemo a matsete, ho khothaletsa maano a tlholisano a hlokang leeme, le ho holisa kholo ea moruo. Webosaete: https://www.chamber.ua/en/ 4. Seukraine Agribusiness Club (UCAB) - UCAB tlisa hammoho lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa temo tse sebetsang Ukraine ho ntšetsa pele mekhoa ea temo e tsitsitseng le ho emela lithahasello ka hare ho indasteri ea naha le ea machaba. Leqephe la lehae: https://ucab.ua/en 5.Ukrainian Association of Furniture Manufacturers(UAMF)- UAMF e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho phahamisetseng lefapha la tlhahiso ea thepa ea ka tlung ka ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa mebaraka & liketsahalo tse matlafatsang menyetla ea ho romella litho tsa eona. Websaeteng: http://www.uamf.com.ua/eng.html

Liwebsaete tsa khoebo le tsa khoebo

Ho na le liwebsaete tse 'maloa tsa moruo le tsa khoebo bakeng sa Ukraine. Mona ke tse 'maloa tsa tsona hammoho le li-URL tsa sebaka sa bona sa marang-rang: 1. Lekala la Ntšetso-pele ea Moruo, Khoebo le Temo: Ena ke websaete ea molao ea lekala la 'muso oa Ukraine le ikarabellang bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea moruo, khoebo le temo. Webosaete: https://www.me.gov.ua/ 2. Tšebeletso ea Chelete ea Naha ea Ukraine: The State Fiscal Service e ikarabella bakeng sa litaba tsa lekhetho le meetlo Ukraine. Webosaete: https://sfs.gov.ua/en/ 3. Export Promotion Office ea Ukraine: mokhatlo ona o ikemiseditse ho ho kgothaletsa diyantle Seukraine ho limmaraka machaba. Webosaete: https://epo.org.ua/en/home 4. Investment Promotion Office "UkraineInvest": Ofisi ena e thusa ho hohela matsete a tsoang kantle ho naha ho kena Ukraine ka ho fana ka tlhahisoleseding mabapi le menyetla ea matsete makaleng a sa tšoaneng. Webosaete: https://ukraineinvest.com/ 5. Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ukraine (CCIU): The CCIU ke mokhatlo oo e seng oa 'muso o tšehetsang mesebetsi ea khoebo ka litšebeletso tse kang ho kopanya khoebo, papatso ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling, le tšehetso ea ho rarolla mathata. Webosaete: http://ucci.org.ua/?lang=en 6. Exporters Association of Ukraine (EAU): EAU ke mokhatlo o emelang lithahasello tsa barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba Ukraine ho pholletsa le mafapha a fapaneng. Webosaete: http://www.apu.com.ua/eng/ Liwebosaete tsena li ka fana ka tlhaiso-leseling ea bohlokoa mabapi le likarolo tse fapaneng tse amanang le moruo le khoebo ea Ukraine joalo ka maano, melaoana, menyetla ea matsete, lits'ebetso tsa lekhetho, maano a papatso ea kantle ho naha, lits'ebeletso tsa ho kopanya khoebo, mabitso a bohlokoa joalo-joalo. Ka kopo elelloa hore kamehla ho khothaletsoa ho netefatsa lintlha ho tsoa mehloling e mengata kapa ho ikopanya le mekhatlo e fapaneng ka kotloloho pele u etsa liqeto leha e le life tsa khoebo kapa u itšetlehile feela ka mehloli e fanoeng. Rea tšepa hore sena se thusa!

Liwebosaete tsa lipotso tsa khoebo

Ukraine e na le liwebsaete tse 'maloa tsa lipotso tsa khoebo tse fanang ka tlhahisoleseling mabapi le mesebetsi ea eona ea khoebo ea machabeng. Mona ke tse ling tsa liwebosaete tse tsebahalang tsa lipotso tsa khoebo tsa Ukraine hammoho le li-URL tsa bona: 1. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (SSSU): Webosaete ea molao ea SSSU e fana ka lipalo-palo tse felletseng le lintlha tse amanang le khoebo ea machabeng, ho kenyeletsoa thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha, thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha, le tekanyo ea litefo. U ka fihlella karolo ea Khoebo sebakeng sa bona sa Marang-rang ho: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/operativ2008/zd/index_e.php 2. Seukraine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (UCCI): Sethala sa Marang-rang sa UCCI se fana ka lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho batla tlhahisoleseling e amanang le khoebo, ho kenyelletsa lipalo-palo tsa kantle ho naha ho ea ka linaha, thepa kapa HS code classification. Etela leqephe la bona la Lipalopalo tsa Khoebo ho: https://ucci.org.ua/en/statistics/ 3. Lekala la Ntlafatso ea Moruo, Khoebo le Temo: Webosaete ea Lekala lena la 'muso e na le karolo e khethehileng ea mesebetsi ea moruo kantle ho naha moo u ka fumanang lipalo-palo tse felletseng tsa khoebo ho latela lihlopha tsa linaha kapa lihlahisoa. Fumana leqephe la bona la Lipalopalo tsa Ts'ebetso ea Moruo kantle ho naha mona: https://me.gov.ua/Documents/List?lang=en-GB&tag=Statistyka-zovnishnoekonomichnoi-diialnosti 4. International Trade Portal Ukraine: Sena se-portal Inthaneteng e fana ka tlhahisoleseding e felletseng mabapi le menyetla ea khoebo ea machaba Ukraine hammoho le phihlello ho databases maleba le lintlha tsa lipalo-palo ka thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha, diyantle, ditefiso, joalo-joalo U ka hlahloba Trade Data karolo ea bona ho: https:/ /itu.com.ua/en/data-trade-ua-en/ 5. Index Mundi - Ukraine Exports By Country: Le hoja e sa inehela ka ho khetheha lipotsong tsa khoebo tsa Ukraine feela, Index Mundi e fana ka pono e khuts'oane ea balekane ba mantlha ba thepa ea kantle ho naha le likarolo tsa thepa ea Ukraine. Sheba leqephe lena mona: https://www.indexmundi.com/facts/ukraine/export-partners Ka kopo hlokomela hore liwebsaete tsena li ka 'na tsa hloka tlhahlobo e eketsehileng ho feta likarolong tse itseng tse amanang le mekhoa eo u e batlang.

Li-platform tsa B2b

Ukraine ke naha e fumanehang Europe Bochabela. E na le lekala le atlehileng la khoebo-to-khoebo (B2B) le nang le lipolanete tse 'maloa tse hokahanyang likhoebo le ho tsamaisa khoebo. Mona ke li-platform tsa B2B tsa Ukraine hammoho le liwebsaete tsa bona: 1. Export Ukraine (https://export-ukraine.com/): Sethala sena se khothalletsa thepa le litšebeletso tsa Seukraine ho limmaraka tsa machaba, ho kopanya barekisi ba Seukraine le bareki ba tsoang linaheng tse ling. 2. Biz.UA (https://biz.ua/): Biz.UA ke 'maraka oa B2B o lumellang likhoebo ho bontša lihlahisoa tsa tsona, ho hokahana le bao e ka bang balekane, le ho holisa marang-rang a bona. 3. Bukana ea Khoebo ea Ukraine (https://www.ukrainebusinessdirectory.com/): Bukana ena ea Inthanete e thusa basebelisi ho fumana lik'hamphani tse sa tšoaneng tsa Seukraine ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho theha likhokahano tsa khoebo. 4. E-Biznes.com.ua (http://e-biznes.com.ua/): E-Biznes ke sethala sa khoebo sa marang-rang moo likhoebo li ka rekang le ho rekisa lihlahisoa le litšebeletso ka har'a 'maraka oa Ukraine. 5. BusinessCatalog.ua (https://businesscatalog.ua/): BusinessCatalog e fana ka bukana ea khoebo e akaretsang ea lik'hamphani tsa Ukraine, e lumellang basebelisi ho batla litšebeletso kapa liindasteri tse itseng. 6. Prozorro Marketplace (https://prozorro.market/en/): Prozorro Marketplace ke sethala sa theko ea sechaba se sebelisoang ke mekhatlo ea mmuso hammoho le mekhatlo ea poraefete bakeng sa ho reka thepa le litšebeletso ho tsoa ho barekisi ba ngolisitsoeng sethaleng. 7. Allbiz (https://ua.all.biz/en/): Allbiz ke 'maraka oa machaba oa B2B o kenyelletsang likhoebo tsa Seukraine har'a lihlopha tsa eona, tse fanang ka phihlelo ea likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tse kang tlhahiso, temo, kaho, le tse ling. 8. TradeKey Ukraine (http://ua.tradekey.com/): TradeKey ke 'maraka oa machaba oa B2B moo basebelisi ba ka fumanang barekisi ho tsoa lefats'eng lohle, ho kenyeletsoa le ba lulang Ukraine. Ena ke mehlala e seng mekae feela ea liforomo tsa B2B tse fumanehang Ukraine. Li-platform tsena li fana ka mokhoa oa hore likhoebo li hokahane, li hoebe le ho holisa marang-rang a tsona, 'me qetellong li kenye letsoho kholisong ea moruo oa Ukraine.