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Limmaraka tse ka Sehloohong
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Kakaretso ea Naha
Afghanistan ke naha e pota-potiloeng ke naha e Asia Bohareng, e arolelanang meeli le Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan le Chaena. E boholo ba lisekoere-k'hilomithara tse ka bang 652,864 'me ke lehae la batho ba fetang limilione tse 32 ba merabe e fapaneng. Motse-moholo ke Kabul e sebetsang e le setsi sa lipolotiki le moruo sa Afghanistan. Naha ena e na le nalane e ruileng ea lilemo tse likete tse nang le tšusumetso e tsoang litsong tsa Persia le Islamic. E kile ea e-ba setsi sa bohlokoa litseleng tsa khoebo tsa Silk Road. Naha ea Afghanistan e fapane ebile e na le lithaba tse ngata, 'me Hindu Kush e laola sebaka se bohareng. Boemo ba leholimo bo fapana ho ea ka bophahamo empa hangata bo ba le lehlabula le chesang le mariha a batang. Temo e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa moruong oa Afghanistan kaha batho ba fetang kotara e le 'ngoe ba sebetsa ka temo kapa ho rua mehlape. Lijalo tse kholo li kenyelletsa koro, poone, litholoana (joalo ka morara le likharenate), linate (joaloka lialmonde), hammoho le k'hothone. Naha ena e na le matlotlo a mangata a tlhaho a kenyeletsang khase ea tlhaho, mashala, koporo, tšepe, le majoe a bohlokoa a kang emerald. Leha ho le jwalo, mafaratlhatlha a meepo ya didirisiwa tseno a nna a sa tlhabololwa ka ntlha ya matshwenyego a a tswelelang a tshireletso. Afghanistan e tobane le liqholotso tse ngata ho theosa le nalane ho kenyelletsa tlhaselo ea linaha tsa kantle ho naha, puso ea bahlabani ba Taliban, le likhohlano tse ntseng li tsoela pele. tšehetso ho tsoa ho balekane ba machaba. Leha ho na le khatelo-pele e entsoeng, Afghanistan e ntse e tsoela pele ho tobana le mathata a sechaba, a moruo le a tšireletso. Maemo a bofuma a phahame ha monyetla oa ho fumana thuto le litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle o ntse o fokola haholo-holo ho basali. sebopeho sa sechaba, melao, litloaelo, le litloaelo tsa puso ho pholletsa le sechaba naheng ka bophara. Qetellong, Afghanistan ke naha e ruileng historing, libaka tse fapaneng tsa setso, mehloli ea tlhaho, 'me e hatetse pele ho tsosolosa le ho tsitsisa ka mor'a lilemo tse ngata tsa likhohlano.
Chelete ea Naha
Boemo ba lichelete Afghanistan bo ikhethile. Chelete ea molao ea Afghanistan ke Afghan afghani (AFN). E bile chelete ea naha ho tloha 1925. Afghani e le 'ngoe e arotsoe ka 100 pul. Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore Afghanistan e tobane le mathata a bohlokoa a moruo lilemong tsa morao tjena ka lebaka la ho hloka botsitso lipolotiking le likhohlano tse tsoelang pele. Boleng ba afghani bo bile le liphetoho tse kholo ka lebaka leo. Mabapi le litefiso tsa phapanyetsano, ho ka ba thata ho fumana leseli le nepahetseng le le ts'oanang ka lebaka la maemo a sa tsitsang a moruo oa Afghan. Sekhahla sa phapanyetsano khahlanong le lichelete tse kholo tsa machaba se fetoha khafetsa, e leng ho etsang hore ho be thata ho likhoebo le ho batho ka bomong ho bolela esale pele kapa ho rera ka nepo. Ho feta moo, ka lebaka la mathata a ts'ireletso le ho hloka tšepo ho mekhatlo ea lichelete ea lehae, batho ba bangata ba etsa khoebo ka lidolara tsa US kapa lichelete tse ling tsa linaheng tse ling ho e-na le ho itšetleha feela ka afghani. Mokhoa ona o atile haholo metseng e meholo moo khoebo ea machaba e etsoang teng. Ka bokhuts'oane, boemo ba chelete ea Afghanistan bo khetholloa ka motsoako o rarahaneng oa chelete ea naha ea semmuso (Afghan afghani), ho feto-fetoha ha maemo a phapanyetsano, ho itšetleha ka lichelete tsa kantle ho naha joalo ka lidolara tsa Amerika molemong oa khoebo, le mathata a akaretsang a moruo a bakoang ke ho se tsitse ha lipolotiki le likhohlano tse tsoelang pele.
Sekhahla sa phapanyetsano
Chelete ea molao ea Afghanistan ke Afghan Afghani (AFN). Litefiso tsa phapanyetsano ka lichelete tse kholo tsa lefats'e li ka fapana, kahoo ho ke ke ha khoneha ho fana ka lintlha tse khethehileng ntle le tlhahisoleseding ea nako ea sebele. Ka kopo, sheba mehloli e tšepahalang ea lichelete kapa u buisane le motho ea fetolang chelete bakeng sa litefiso tsa morao-rao tsa phapanyetsano.
Matsatsi a Phomolo a Bohlokwa
Afghanistan, naha e se nang naha e Asia Bohareng, e keteka mekete e mengata ea bohlokoa selemo ho pota. Mekete ena e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa moetlong oa Maafghan mme e bonoa ke batho ba merabe le limelo tse fapaneng tsa bolumeli. Mona ke a mang a matsatsi a phomolo a bohlokoa a Afghan: 1. Nowruz: Nowruz e tšoaea qalo ea Selemo se Secha sa Afghan 'me se ketekoa ka la 21 Hlakubele. Ke mokete oa khale oa Persia o bolelang ho tsoaloa hape le ho nchafatsoa. Ma-Afghan a keteka letsatsi lena ka ho tšoara mekete e majabajaba, ho etela ba lelapa le metsoalle, ho fapanyetsana limpho, le ho kenya letsoho lipina tsa setso le metjeko. 2. Letsatsi la Boipuso: Le ketekoa ka August 19th, Letsatsi la Boipuso le ketekoa boipuso ba Afghanistan ho tsoa taolong ea Borithane ka 1919. Letsatsing lena, liketsahalo tse fapaneng tsa setso li etsahala ho pholletsa le naha ka mekoloko e bonts'ang mebala ea folakha ea Afghanistan - e ntšo, e khubelu, e tala - metjeko ea setso, litšoantšiso tsa 'mino tse bontšang lerato la naha. 3. Eid al-Fitr: O mong oa mekete ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea Mamosleme lefatšeng ka bophara ke Eid al-Fitr kapa "Mokete oa ho Itima Lijo." Mokete ona o tšoaea qetello ea Ramadan (nako ea ho itima lijo e nkang khoeli kaofela) ho ipapisitsoe le se hlokometsoeng ke almanaka ea khoeli e holimo ea Maislamo. Afghanistan, malapa a bokana ho ea ja lijo tsa mokete hammoho ha a apere liaparo tse ncha e le letšoao la mekete e thabisang. 4. Eid al-Adha: Letsatsi le leng la phomolo la bohlokoa la Mamosleme le ketekoang lefatšeng ka bophara ke Eid al-Adha kapa "Mokete oa Sehlabelo." Letsatsi lena la phomolo le hlompha boikemisetso ba Ibrahim ba ho etsa sehlabelo ka mora oa hae e le ketso ea tumelo empa qetellong a etsa sehlabelo ka phoofolo ho e-na le taelo ea Molimo. MaAfghan a keteka letsatsi lena ka ho etsa lithapelo litsing tsa mamoseleme tse lateloang ke ho arolelana nama ea liphoofolo tsa mahlabelo le litho tsa lelapa le ba futsanehileng. Letsatsi la 5.Letsatsi la Naha / Phetohelo (Apr 28): Letsatsi lena la phomolo la naha ke sehopotso sa ho lihuoa ha Mohammad Daoud Khan ka 1978 e ileng ea lebisa pusong ea bokomonisi pele e fana ka tlhaselo e felletseng ea Soviet ka Tšitoe 1979. , ’me ba qobella ba limilione ho isoa kholehong pele ho nako. Afghanistan e keteka letsatsi lena ka lipontšo, liketsahalo tsa setso le li-fireworks. Ena ke e meng ea mekete ea bohlokoa e ketekoang Afghanistan. Matsatsi ana a phomolo a na le bohlokoa bo tebileng ba setso, bolumeli le nalane bakeng sa Maafghan, a khothalletsa bonngoe, mekete e thabisang le boikutlo ba boikhohomoso ba naha har'a batho ba eona.
Boemo ba Khoebo ea Kantle ho Naha
Afghanistan, e Asia Bohareng, ke naha e pota-potiloeng ke naha e nang le moruo o fapaneng o itšetlehileng haholo ka temo le lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la lilemo tsa likhohlano le ho hloka botsitso lipolotiking, boemo ba eona ba khoebo bo ntse bo le thata. Lihlahisoa tsa mantlha tsa Afghanistan li kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tsa temo joalo ka litholoana tse omisitsoeng (haholo-holo morara o omisitsoeng), litholoana tse ncha (ho kenyeletsoa likharenate le liapolekose), linate (tse kang pistachios le almonds), le boea. Naha e boetse e na le mehloli e mengata ea liminerale tse kang koporo, tšepe ea tšepe, khauta, lithium le khase ea tlhaho. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Afghanistan e itšetlehile haholo ka thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tse kang lihlahisoa tsa lijo (koro le tsoekere), lihlahisoa tsa peterole bakeng sa litlhoko tsa matla, mechine ea merero ea ntlafatso ea mehaho, lik'hemik'hale tsa liindasteri, meriana bakeng sa merero ea bophelo bo botle, likoloi bakeng sa litlhoko tsa lipalangoang. E mong oa balekane ba ka sehloohong ba khoebo ea Afghanistan ke Pakistan ea boahelani. E sebetsa e le tsela ea bohlokoa ea lipalangoang e hokahanyang Afghanistan le mebaraka ea lefats'e ka boema-kepe ba Karachi. Balekane ba bang ba bohlokoa ba khoebo ba kenyelletsa India, Iran, China-Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan marang-rang a terene ka tsela ea Hairatan e tšelang moeli. Mmuso wa Afghan o ntse o etsa matsapa a ho ntlafatsa tikoloho ya kgwebo ya naha ka ho saena ditumellano tsa matjhaba tse kang protocol ya ho kena mokgatlong wa World Trade Organisation ka 2016. Ho feta moo; e ikemiselitse ho hohela matsete a tsoang kantle ho naha ka matsapa a fanang ka likhothatso tsa lekhetho le ho lokisa lits'ebetso tsa tsamaiso. Leha ho le joalo; Liqholotso tse fapaneng li sitisa kholo ea khoebo ea Afghan, ho kenyeletsoa meaho e fokolang joalo ka likhokahano tse sa lekaneng tsa lipalangoang tse etsang hore thepa e romelloang kantle e be thata. Ho feta moo; Bobolu e ntse e le taba e amang mekhoa ea ho reka kantle ho naha hammoho le mathata a ts'ireletso a amang ho tšela meeli ho tlatsetsang tieho le litšenyehelo tse ling tse fokotsang tlholisano mebarakeng ea machaba. Ha re phethela; Afghanistan e tobane le litšitiso tse kholo lefapheng la eona la khoebo ka lebaka la likhohlano tse tsoelang pele le ho hloka botsitso lipolotiking tse sitisang kholo ea moruo le boiteko ba ho fapanyetsana.Mmuso o ikemiselitse ho ntlafatsa maemo empa o hloka ts'ehetso e tsoelang pele ho tsoa ho sechaba sa lefats'e e le ho fihlela nts'etsopele ea moruo e tsitsitseng e hlalositsoeng tlasa National Export ea bona. Leano
Monyetla oa Nts'etsopele ea Maraka
Afghanistan ke naha e se nang naha e Asia Bohareng le Boroa, e nang le baahi ba fetang limilione tse 38. Leha e tobane le liqholotso tse ngata joalo ka ho se tsitse ha lipolotiki, matšoenyeho a ts'ireletso le meaho e fokolang, Afghanistan e na le menyetla e sa lebelloang ho latela 'maraka oa eona oa kantle ho naha. Karolo e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ea bokhoni ba ho romela kantle ho naha ea Afghanistan ke mehloli ea eona e ruileng ea tlhaho. Naha ena e tsebahala ka mehloli e mengata ea khase ea tlhaho, petroleum, mashala, koporo, khauta, mahakoe le liminerale tse ling tsa bohlokoa. Patlisiso e nepahetseng le ts'ebeliso e nepahetseng ea mehloli ena e ka khothaletsa matsete a tobileng kantle ho naha (FDI) le ho matlafatsa thepa ea kantle ho naha. Ntle le lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho, Afghanistan e na le nalane e telele ea tlhahiso ea temo. Mobu o nonneng le boemo ba leholimo bo botle li thusa ho lema lijalo tse fapaneng ho kenyelletsa koro, poone, harese, litholoana tse kang morara le likharenate, hammoho le lihlahisoa tse kang safrone. Ka ho kenya tšebetsong mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea temo le ho ntlafatsa meaho ea morao-rao ea kotulo joalo ka liphutheloana kapa liketane tsa polokelo tse batang - sechaba se ka eketsa haholo thepa ea sona ea temo kantle ho naha. Ho feta moo, mesebetsi ea matsoho ea Afghan e fumane botumo ba machaba bakeng sa ho ikhetha le meralo e rarahaneng. Likhapete tse majabajaba, liaparo tsa setso (joalo ka liaparo tse khabisitsoeng), letsopa, mapolanka, mabenyane, thepa ea letlalo, lik'hapete, le masela li fana ka menyetla e kholo ea ho romela thepa naheng eo. Ho sebelisa monyetla ona oa khoebo ka botlalo, ho hlokahala mehato ea ho ntlafatsa nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo - haholo-holo marang-rang a lipalangoang joalo ka litsela, literene le likou - e le hore thepa e ka tsamaisoa hantle ka har'a naha kapa ho romelloa kantle ho naha. Ho feta moo, matsapa a ho tlisa botsitso lipolotiking, tiisetso ea ts'ireletso ho tsoa mesebetsing ea borabele, le mehato e khahlanong le bobolu e tla matlafatsa kholiseho ea batseteli e tla kenya letsoho ho lekola menyetla ea khoebo ea kantle ho naha le ho feta. Ho aha likamano tse matla tsa linaha tse peli mebarakeng ea libaka le hona ho bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea khoebo ea kantle ho naha ea Afghanistan ho latela sebaka sa eona sa tikoloho se hokahanyang Asia Boroa le Asia Bohareng. bahoebi ho theha likamano tsa nako e telele le ho atolosa phihlello ea mebaraka. Qetellong, Afghanistan e na le menyetla e mengata haholo mabapi le nts'etsopele ea 'maraka oa khoebo ea kantle ho naha. kgolo ka ho eketseha ha menyetla ya diyantle.
Lihlahisoa tse rekisoang tse chesang 'marakeng
Ha ho nahanoa ka lihlahisoa tse rekisoang bakeng sa khoebo ea machaba Afghanistan, ho bohlokoa ho tsepamisa maikutlo linthong tse tsamaellanang le litlhoko le likhetho tse khethehileng tsa naha. Litlhahiso tse ling tsa lintho tse rekisoang haholo 'marakeng oa khoebo oa kantle ho naha oa Afghanistan ke tsena: 1. Sehlahisoa sa Temo le Lijo: Ka moruo o ruileng haholo, ho na le tlhokahalo e phahameng ea lihlahisoa tsa temo tse kang litholoana tse foreshe, meroho, linate (tse kang lialmonde le pistachios), safrone le linōko. Thepa ea tlhaho le e netefalitsoeng ea halal e bohlokoa haholo. 2. Liaparo: Ho na le tlhokahalo e matla ea liaparo tse kang liaparo tsa setso tsa Afghan (tse kang perahan tunban) tse entsoeng ka masela a lehae le boqapi. Ho feta moo, masela a kang lik'hapete, limmete, lishala, lituku tse entsoeng ka boea kapa silika e ka ba likhetho tse tsebahalang tsa kantle ho naha. 3. Lisebelisuoa tsa Kaho: Ha Afghanistan e ntse e tsoela pele ho tsosolosa mekhoa ea eona ea motheo, thepa ea kaho e kang samente, litšepe tsa tšepe, lithaele / 'mabole / granite tse sebelisetsoang ho koahela fatše kapa marako li na le menyetla e metle' marakeng. 4. Mesebetsi ea matsoho: Mesebetsi ea matsoho ea Afghan e thabela botumo bo botle ka hare ho naha le linaheng tse ling ka lebaka la meralo ea eona e ikhethang le boqapi. Lintho tse kang letsopa / ceramics (tse entsoeng ka mekhoa ea setso), lehong / litšoantšo / thepa ea ka tlung ho tloha lehong la walnut kapa mulberry li batloa haholo. 5. Mehloli ea Merafo: Afghanistan e na le mehloli e mengata ea liminerale e kenyeletsang koporo ore/ingots/nuggets/billets/alloys/plates/sheets/strips/wires har'a tse ling tse ngata tse ka romelloang kantle ho naha ho latela melaoana ea khoebo ea machabeng. 6. Litlhare / Thepa ea Bongaka: Lekala la tlhokomelo ea bophelo Afghanistan le hloka meriana ea boleng - haholo-holo lithibela-mafu / liente / li-painkillers - hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tse kang mechine ea ho hlahloba / lisebelisoa tse kang mechine ea x-ray / ultrasonography (Echocardiogram) lisebelisoa / lisebelisoa tsa PPE li ka ba teng. dihlahiswa kantle ho naha. 7. Thepa ea Lekala la Matla - Ka lebaka la matsapa a ntseng a hola a indasteri makaleng a matla litharollo/lisebelisoa/lisebelisoa (solar/ wind/biogas) li na le menyetla e metle. 8. Lisebelisoa tsa Elektronike tsa Bareki: Tlhokahalo ea thepa ea elektroniki e kang li-smartphone, lilaptop, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng tse kang lihatsetsi, lithelevishene le litsamaiso tsa molumo e ntse e eketseha ka potlako har’a baahi ba litoropo. 9. Litšebeletso tsa Thuto: Ho fana ka litharollo tsa e-learning bakeng sa thuto ea hole libakeng tseo phihlello ea likolo e fokolang e ka ba monyetla o moholo oa khoebo. Hopola ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa 'maraka le ho sekaseka litlhoko tsa bareki nako le nako. Ho theha marang-rang a matla a kabo le ho ikamahanya le lithahasello tsa setso sa lehae ho tla thusa ho theha boteng bo atlehileng 'marakeng oa khoebo oa kantle ho naha oa Afghanistan.
Litšobotsi tsa bareki le tabo
Afghanistan ke naha e pota-potiloeng ke naha e Asia Boroa e tsejoang ka setso sa eona se ruileng le nalane ea merusu. Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho utloisisa litšobotsi tsa bareki le taboos Afghanistan, lintlha tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa li lokela ho nkoa. Litšobotsi tsa Bareki: 1. Kamohelo ea Baeti: Batho ba Afghan ba tsebahala ka kamohelo e mofuthu ea baeti le ho fana ka seatla se bulehileng ho baeti. Ho tloaelehile hore ba memele baeti malapeng a bona ’me ba ba fe tee kapa lijo. 2. Likamano tse matla sechabeng: Ma-Afghan a na le maikutlo a matla a sechaba le mekhoa ea lelapa. Hangata ho etsa liqeto ho akarelletsa ho buisana le baholo kapa ho batla tumello ho litho tsa lelapa. 3. Ho hlompha bolaoli: Ka kakaretso, Maafghan a hlompha batho ba boholong, ba kang batsoali, baeta-pele ba bolumeli le ba boholong pusong. 4. Tloaelo ea bohlokoa: Meetlo ea setso e nkoa e le ea bohlokoa haholo Afghanistan, ho kopanyelletsa le puo, mekhoa ea liaparo (joaloka liaparo tsa setso tsa Maafghan), 'mino, mefuta ea tantši e kang Attan, le meetlo ea bolumeli. Litloaelo tsa Setso: 1. Bolumeli: Boislamo ke bolumeli bo ka sehloohong Afghanistan bo nang le mekhoa e thata ea bolumeli e lateloang ke baahi ba bangata. Ke habohlokoa ho hlompha litumelo tsena le ho qoba boitšoaro leha e le bofe bo sa hlompheng bolumeling kapa batho ba bolumeli. 2. Likarolo tsa Tekano: Likarolo tsa setso tsa bong li atile sechabeng sa Afghan; basali ba lebeletsoe hore ba khomarele melao e itekanetseng ea moaparo le litebello tse itseng tsa sechaba mabapi le boitšoaro. 3. Sebaka sa botho: Kamano ea 'mele pakeng tsa banna le basali ba sa amaneng e ka nkoa e le mpe ntle le haeba e qalisoa ke motho oa bong bo tšoanang le ba bona sebakeng se loketseng. 4. Qoba ho bua ka litaba tse tsosang khang pepeneneng joalo ka lipolotiki kapa litaba tse hlokolosi tse amanang le meetlo ea sebaka seo tse ka tsosang tsitsipano sechabeng. Ho bohlokoa ho atamela litšebelisano tsa khoebo ka kutloelo-bohloko ho setso sa Afghan ha u ntse u hopola litšobotsi tsena le li-taboos e le hore u se ke ua khopisa mang kapa mang ka boomo.
Sistimi ea tsamaiso ea litloaelo
Sistimi ea tsamaiso ea lekhetho naheng ea Afghanistan e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho laola khoebo ea machabeng le ho sireletsa meeli ea naha. E le ho netefatsa tsamaiso e nepahetseng ea thepa le batho ba kenang kapa ba tlohang Afghanistan, mekhoa le melaoana e itseng e sebelisoa libakeng tsa ho hlahloba meetlo. Taba ea pele, baeti ba kenang Afghanistan ba tlameha ho ba le pasepoto e nepahetseng e nang le visa e loketseng. Ho eletsoa ho hlahloba litlhoko tsa morao-rao tsa visa pele u etela Afghanistan kaha li ka fapana ho latela bochaba ba motho le sepheo sa ho etela. Ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore baeti ba tlatse foromo ea ho kena ha ba fihla. Maetong a moeli, thōtō eohle e lokela ho hlahlojoa ka mokhoa oa lekhetho. Ho bohlokoa hore baeti ba phatlalatse lintho leha e le life tse hlokang tlhokomelo e khethehileng tse kang lithunya, lithethefatsi, kapa chelete e ngata. Ho hloleha ho etsa joalo ho ka fella ka ho amohuoa ka mahahapa kapa litlamorao tsa molao. Afghanistan e sebetsa mesebetsi ho thepa le thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ho latela kemiso ea eona ea litefiso. Thepa eohle e kenang kapa e tsoang ka har'a naha e ka lefisoa lekhetho ntle le haeba e lokolloa tlas'a melaoana e itseng. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa hore batho ba amehang khoebong le Afghanistan ba latele melaoana ena le ho phatlalatsa thepa ea bona ka nepo nakong ea lits'ebetso tsa tumello. Ha ba romella kantle ho naha litšoantšo tsa bohlokoa kapa lintho tsa khale tsa setso ho tsoa Afghanistan, batsamai ba hlokoa ke molao ho fumana litumello tse hlokahalang ho tsoa ho balaoli ba amehang esale pele. Ho romelloa ka ntle ho molao ha thepa e joalo ho ka fella ka kotlo e boima. Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore mehato ea ts'ireletso libakeng tsa tlhahlobo ea meetlo ea Afghan e thata ka lebaka la lits'oso tse ka hlahisoang ke ts'ebetso ea bosholu le mathata a bokhukhuni tikolohong eo. Baeti ba lokela ho sebelisana ka botlalo le liofisiri tsa lekhetho nakong ea tlhahlobo le ho latela litaelo ka botlalo ntle le khanyetso. Qetellong, ba rerang ho nka maeto kapa ho etsa khoebo ea machaba le Afghanistan ba lokela ho ela hloko litlhoko tsa tsamaiso ea lekhetho tse kenyeletsang ho ba le li-visa tse nepahetseng, ho phatlalatsa lintho tse thibetsoeng ha ba kena kapa ba tsoa ka har'a naha ka nepo, ho latela melao ea lekhetho mabapi le thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha le ho e latela. ka ho feletseng ka litlhahlobo tse etsoang libakeng tse tloahelehileng ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea bokhukhuni libakeng tsena ha re ntse re hopola hore mosebetsi oa bonono oa bohlokoa le mesebetsi ea matsoho ea setso e hloka litlhoko tse eketsehileng tsa tumello ea ho romelloa kantle ho naha.
Melao ea lekhetho e tsoang kantle ho naha
Leano la lekhetho la thepa ea kantle ho naha la Afghanistan le phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho laola khoebo le ho hlahisetsa naha chelete. 'Muso o lefisa lekhetho la lekhetho thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ho latela hore na e arotsoe ka lihlopha tse fapaneng. Sekhahla se akaretsang sa lekhetho la thepa Afghanistan ke 2.5%, ntle le lihlahisoa tse itseng tse nang le sekhahla se holimo. Leha ho le joalo, lintho tse ling tsa bohlokoa tse kang lijo, meriana le lisebelisuoa tsa temo ha li lefelloe lekhethong la thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ho netefatsa hore li teng ka litheko tse tlase. Ntle le tefiso ea mantlha ea kantle ho naha, Afghanistan e sebelisa makhetho le litefiso tse ling thepa e itseng. Mohlala, lekhetho la boleng bo ekelitsoeng (VAT) la 10% le lefisoa linthong tsa mabothobotho tse tsoang kantle tse kang likoloi le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Ho khothaletsa tlhahiso ea lehae le ho sireletsa liindasteri tsa lehae, Afghanistan e boetse e beha mesebetsi e khahlanong le ho lahla thepa ka theko e tlase ho theko ea tlhahiso kapa e rekisoang ka theko e tlase ka leeme, e thusang ho thibela tlholisano e sa lokang ho tsoa limmarakeng tsa kantle ho naha. Ho feta moo, Afghanistan e thehile litumellano tsa khoebo tse khethehileng le linaha tsa boahelani tse kang Iran le Pakistan tseo ka tsona li fanang ka litefiso tse fokolitsoeng kapa tse hlakotsoeng bakeng sa thepa e itseng ho ntšetsa pele khoebo ea libaka. Ho bohlokoa ho elelloa hore mekhoa ea ho hlakola lekhetho e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho phethahatsa maano ana a lekhetho. Thepa e tsoang kantle e tlameha ho feta ka litlhahlobo tse nepahetseng tsa litokomane moo liofisiri tsa lekhetho li hlahlobang boleng ba thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha molemong oa lekhetho. Qetellong, leano la lekhetho la thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha la Afghanistan le kenyelletsa sekhahla sa litefiso tse akaretsang sa 2.5% le likheo tsa lintho tsa bohlokoa. Makhetho a tlatsetso joalo ka VAT a ka sebetsa thepa ea mabothobotho athe mehato e thibelang ho lahloa e sireletsa liindasteri tsa lehae. Litumellano tse khethehileng tsa khoebo li teng le linaha tsa boahelani ho tsamaisa khoebo ea libaka.
Melao ea lekhetho ea kantle ho naha
Leano la lekhetho la thepa ea kantle ho naha la Afghanistan le ikemiselitse ho ts'ehetsa le ho khothaletsa kholo ea moruo oa eona ka ho lefisa thepa e fapaneng. Haholo-holo naha e itšetlehile ka lihlahisoa tsa temo, lirafshoa le mehloli ea tlhaho bakeng sa ho romela kantle ho naha, e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho eketseng lekeno ha e ntse e netefatsa mekhoa e metle ea khoebo. Tlas'a molao oa Afghan, barekisi ba tlameha ho lefa lekhetho le ikhethileng ho latela mofuta oa thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha. Makhetho ana a thusa ho kenya chelete bakeng sa 'muso le ho kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea litšebeletso tsa motheo le litšebeletso tsa sechaba. Lihlahisoa tsa temo tse kang litholoana, meroho, linate le k'hothone hangata li tobane le litefiso tse tlaase tsa lekhetho kapa ho lokolloa ha tsona e le ho khothalletsa thepa ea tsona ea ho romela thepa ntle le ho hlōlisana limmarakeng tsa machaba. Leano lena le ikemiselitse ho matlafatsa seabo sa temo moruong oa Afghanistan ha le ntse le khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea mahaeng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, liminerale tse kang ore ea koporo, majoe a bohlokoa a kang emeralde kapa lapis lazuli, mashala, khase ea tlhaho kapa lihlahisoa tse thehiloeng ka oli hangata li tlisa lekhetho le phahameng ka lebaka la boleng ba tsona ba bohlokoa ba moruo. Ho kenya tshebetsong ditekanyetso tse okeditsweng tsa lekgetho ho thusa ho netefatsa hore mehlodi ena ya bohlokwa e tswela molemo matsapa a ho aha naha le ho boloka moruo wa nako e telele. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ba boholong Afghan nako le nako ba hlahloba maano ana a lekhetho ho latela maemo a 'maraka le lintho tse tlang pele ho naha. Litokiso tsena li ikemiselitse ho tlisa tekano lipakeng tsa ho khothaletsa thomello kantle ha ho ntse ho hlahisa lekeno le lekaneng bakeng sa mesebetsi ea bohlokoa ea mmuso. Ka kakaretso, Afghanistan e totobatsa mekhoa e metle ea khoebo e tsamaellanang le litekanyetso tsa machaba leanong la eona la lekhetho la thepa ea kantle ho naha. Sepheo ha se feela mabapi le ho bokella lekeno empa hape le ho netefatsa menyetla e lekanang bakeng sa phihlello ea mebaraka le tlholisano ea lefats'e ho tsamaellana le maano a kholo ea moshoelella a moruo.
Ho hlokahala litifikeiti bakeng sa ho romelloa kantle
Afghanistan, e Asia Boroa, ke naha e pota-potiloeng ke naha e nang le nalane ea ho hlahisa thepa e fapaneng bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lapeng le khoebo ea machabeng. Bakeng sa ho netefatsa boleng le polokeho ea thepa ea eona e tsoang kantle ho naha, Afghanistan e sebelisitse mokhoa oa ho fana ka setifikeiti kantle ho naha. Setifikeiti sa kantle ho naha Afghanistan se kenyelletsa mehato e mengata eo barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba lokelang ho e latela. Taba ea pele, barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba tlameha ho ngolisa khoebo ea bona ho Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ACCI). Tsamaiso ena ya boingodiso e thusa ho laola le ho beha leihlo mesebetsi ya diyantle ka hara naha. Taba ea bobeli, barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba tlameha ho fumana litifikeiti tse fapaneng ho latela mofuta oa lihlahisoa tseo ba lakatsang ho li romela kantle ho naha. Mohlala, lihlahisoa tsa temo li hloka litifikeiti tsa phytosanitary tse fanoeng ke Lekala la Temo, Nosetso le Leruo (MAIL). Setifikeiti sena se netefatsa hore thepa ea temo e fihlela litekanyetso tsa machaba tsa bophelo bo botle bakeng sa likokoanyana le mafu. Ho feta moo, bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse entsoeng Afghan tse kang liaparo kapa mesebetsi ea matsoho e batlang ho tsebahala lefatšeng ka bophara bakeng sa bonnete ba tsona kapa likopo tsa tsona tsa tšimoloho, barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba ka etsa kopo ea setifikeiti sa Geographical Indications (GI). Setifikeiti sa GI se netefatsa hore litšoaneleho tse itseng kapa litšoaneleho tse itseng tsa sehlahisoa li hlahisoa ke sebaka sa sona sa Afghanistan. Ho feta moo, liindasteri tse ling le tsona li ka hloka litifikeiti tsa tumellano ho bonts'a ho latela melao kapa litekanyetso tse ikhethileng tse behiloeng ke linaha tse tsoang kantle ho naha. Lisetifikeiti tsena li sebetsa e le bopaki ba hore thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha e phethahatsa litlhoko tsa polokeho tse amanang le mekhoa ea taolo ea boleng kapa mehato ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho. Qetellong, pele ba romella thepa efe kapa efe kantle ho meeli ea Afghanistan, barekisi ba tlameha ho tlatsa lits'ebetso tsa lekhetho libakeng tsa ho lekola moeli moo litokomane tse kang li-invoice tsa khoebo le manane a ho paka li hlahlojoa ka botlalo ke liofisiri tsa lekhetho. Qetellong, setifikeiti sa kantle ho naha se bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha ea Afghanistan e fihlela maemo a lefats'e. Ka boingodiso bo nepahetseng ho ACCI le ho fumana disetifikeiti tse loketseng tse kang ditifikeiti tsa phytosanitary kapa GI ha ho hlokahala), barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba Afghan ba kenya letsoho ho aheng tshepo hara bareki ba matjhabeng ha ba ntse ba bapatsa dihlahiswa tsa bona tse entsweng naheng ya kantle.
Lisebelisoa tse khothalelitsoeng
Afghanistan, naha e pota-potiloeng ke naha e Asia Bohareng, e tsebahala ka libaka tsa eona tse matsaranka le nalane e ruileng ea setso. Ho sa tsotellehe mathata a bakoang ke ho se tsitse ha dipolotiki le dingongoreho tse tswelang pele, ho ntse ho na le dikgetho tse fapaneng bakeng sa ditshebeletso tsa thepa ka hara naha. Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho romela thepa Afghanistan, e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e sebelisoang haholo ke ho tsamaisa thepa ka sefofane. Sefofane sa Machaba sa Hamid Karzai se Kabul se sebetsa e le sebaka sa pele sa ho kena bakeng sa thepa ea machaba. Lifofane tse 'maloa tse tsamaisang thepa tse kang DHL, FedEx, le UPS li sebelisa lifofane khafetsa ho ea Afghanistan, li tsamaisa tšebetso e ntle ea ho kenya le ho romela kantle ho naha. Le hoja thepa ea sefofane e ka bitsa chelete e ngata, e fana ka linako tsa ho tsamaea ka potlako 'me e loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa thepa e sa tsotelleng nako kapa ea boleng bo phahameng. Bakeng sa thepa e kholoanyane kapa thomello e ngata, thepa ea leoatleng e ka ba khetho e sebetsang. Ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore u tsamaee linaheng tsa boahelani tse kang Iran kapa Pakistan ho itšetlehile ka tšimoloho kapa moo thepa e eang teng. Boema-kepe ba Karachi naheng ea Pakistan hangata bo sebelisetsoa ho tsamaisa thepa e eang Afghanistan ka lipalangoang ho tloha litoropong tse moeling oa Pakistan joalo ka Peshawar kapa Quetta. Mabapi le thepa ea lapeng ka hare ho Afghanistan ka boeona, lipalangoang tsa litsela li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ka lebaka la meaho e fokolang ea literene. Likhamphani tsa lehae tsa literaka li fana ka litšebeletso tsa lipalangoang ho pholletsa le liprofinse tse fapaneng ka hare ho naha. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka likotsi tsa ts'ireletso tse amanang le maeto a litsela le ho hira bafani ba litšebeletso tsa thoriso ba nang le tsebo ea matla a tikoloho. Ho feta moo, ho boetse ho na le matsapa a ntseng a tsoela pele a ho nts'etsapele marang-rang a literene a hokahanyang linaha tsa boahelani joalo ka Uzbekistan le Turkmenistan ho tsamaisa litsela tsa khoebo ka Afghanistan nakong e tlang. Ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho na le tumello e bonolo ea litloaelo le ho latela melao ea lehae ha ho rekoa thepa naheng ea Afghanistan, ho sebelisa lifeme tse nang le botumo bo botle ho ka thusa ho tsamaisa lits'ebetso tsa tsamaiso ka nepo. Ka kakaretso ho sa tsotellehe mathata a amanang le litaba tsa tshireletso le ntshetsopele e fokolang ya meralo ya motheo; thepa ea sefofane ka boema-fofane ba Kabul e fana ka mekhoa e metle bakeng sa thepa ea machaba ha likhetho tsa lipalangoang tsa lehae li fana ka litlhoko tsa kabo ea lehae ka hare ho naha. Ho bohlokoa ho etsa lipatlisiso tse felletseng mabapi le bafani ba thepa ba tumileng pele u tsoela pele ka thomello efe kapa efe ho kena kapa ho tsoa Afghanistan, ho nahanoa ka lintlha tse kang boiphihlelo sebakeng seo, mehato ea ts'ireletso, le ho latela melao ea lehae. Ho beha maemo a lipolotiki leihlo le ho buisana le litsebi tse tsebang tikoloho ea thepa ea Afghanistan le hona ho ka thusa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea khoebo e atlehileng naheng eo.
Mecha ea ntlafatso ea bareki

Lipontšo tsa bohlokoa tsa khoebo

Afghanistan, located in Central Asia, offers various development channels and exhibitions for international buyers to engage in trade and business opportunities. This article will discuss some of the significant international procurement avenues and exhibitions in Afghanistan. 1. Kabul International Trade Fair: The Kabul International Trade Fair is one of the most prominent events in Afghanistan, attracting numerous international buyers seeking business opportunities within the country. This exhibition showcases a wide range of products such as textiles, machinery, electronics, construction materials, food products, and much more. It is an excellent platform for connecting with Afghan businesses and exploring potential partnerships. 2. Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industries (ACCI): The Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industries plays a crucial role in promoting trade between Afghanistan and the rest of the world. It facilitates networking among local businesses while also providing information on export-import policies, market analysis reports, investment opportunities, etc. International buyers can connect with ACCI to identify reliable suppliers or explore potential collaborations. 3. Ministry of Commerce & Industry (MoCI): The Ministry of Commerce & Industry is responsible for formulating trade policies aimed at stimulating economic growth through domestic production and foreign investments. International buyers can cooperate with MoCI to navigate legal procedures related to import-export licenses or gain insights into market trends. 4. Export Promotion Agency (EPAA): The Export Promotion Agency serves as a bridge between Afghan producers/exporters and international buyers/investors by promoting Afghan products worldwide through participation in various events like trade fairs/exhibitions outside Afghanistan or organizing buyer-seller meets within the country itself. 5. USAID Promote Program: USAID's Promote program focuses on economic empowerment initiatives for women entrepreneurs in Afghanistan who often face challenges regarding access to markets or resources required for business expansion. Through this program's networking events/seminars focused on women-led enterprises across different sectors such as agriculture/textiles/handicrafts/services – international buyers can identify potential partners while contributing to women's economic empowerment. 6. Agriculture Exhibitions: Afghanistan is known for its agricultural produce such as saffron, fruits, nuts, and spices. Therefore, agricultural exhibitions like the AgFair provide a platform for international buyers looking to procure high-quality Afghan agricultural products directly from local farmers and producers. 7. Natural Resource and Mining Exhibitions: Given Afghanistan's substantial deposits of natural resources like minerals such as copper, iron ore, and precious stones, exhibitions like the International MineExpo focus on highlighting investment opportunities in the mining sector. International buyers interested in sourcing raw materials or investing in mining projects can participate in these exhibitions. It is essential to note that due to security concerns or logistical challenges related to infrastructure development in Afghanistan, some exhibitions/events may have limited availability or fluctuating schedules. International buyers are advised to stay updated with reliable sources like embassy websites or trade association portals regarding upcoming events/exhibitions before planning their business visits. In conclusion, Afghanistan offers several significant international procurement channels through its trade fairs/exhibitions like the Kabul International Trade Fair and specific agencies/institutions such as ACCI or MoCI dedicated to promoting bilateral trade partnerships. By engaging with these platforms effectively, international buyers can explore diverse business opportunities across various sectors within this dynamic Central Asian nation.
Afghanistan, lienjineri tsa ho batla tse sebelisoang hangata ke tse latelang: 1. Google: Joalo ka enjine ea ho batla e tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara, Google e sebelisoa haholo Afghanistan hape. E fana ka mefuta e mengata ea liphetho hape e fana ka liphetolelo tsa lehae bakeng sa linaha tse itseng. Mofuta oa Afghan o ka fumaneha ho www.google.com.af. 2. Bing: E ​​thehiloe ke Microsoft, Bing ke e 'ngoe e sebelisoang haholo Afghanistan. E fana ka ts'ebetso ea ho batla marang-rang hammoho le likarolo tse kang lipatlisiso tsa litšoantšo le livideo. U ka e fumana ho www.bing.com. 3. Yahoo: Le hoja e sa tuma joaloka Google kapa Bing, Yahoo e ntse e le teng 'marakeng oa Afghanistan oa ho batla. E fana ka lits'ebeletso tse fapaneng joalo ka lengolo-tsoibila, litaba, lichelete, le ts'ebetso ea ho batla marang-rang. Phetolelo ea eona ea Afghan e ka fumaneha ho www.yahoo.com.af. 4. AOL Search: AOL (America Online) e boetse e na le mochine oa ho batla o sebelisoang ke basebelisi ba marang-rang ba Afghanistan ho fumana boitsebiso ho web. U ka e fumana ho www.search.aol.com. 5 DuckDuckGo: E tsebahala ka mokhoa oa eona oa boinotši oa ho batla marang-rang ntle le ho bokella tlhahisoleseling ho tsoa ho basebelisi, DuckDuckGo e ntse e tsebahala lefatšeng ka bophara ho kenyeletsoa le Afghanistan. Etela webosaete ea bona ho www.duckduckgo.com. 6 Naver: Sethala sa Marang-rang sa Korea Boroa se nang le enjine ea ho batla e matla e sebetsang e le e 'ngoe ea likhetho tsa mantlha bakeng sa basebelisi ba Afghan ba ratang lipatlisiso tse thehiloeng Korea kapa ba batlang litaba tsa Asia tse amanang le Korea le libaka tse ling tse amanang le tsona - tse fumanehang ka leqephe la eona la lehae. .com Tsena ke lienjineri tsa ho batla tse tloaelehileng le tse sebelisoang haholo naheng ea Afghanistan tse fanang ka phihlello ea liwebosaete tse fapaneng ho ipapisitsoe le lipotso le lithahasello tsa basebelisi.

Maqephe a maholo a mosehla

Naheng ea Afghanistan, mohloli oa mantlha oa maqephe a mosehla ke oa li-directory tsa marang-rang. Likhokahano tsena li fana ka lintlha tsa ho ikopanya le likhoebo, mekhatlo, le batho ka bomong mafapheng a fapaneng naheng ka bophara. Mona ke tse ling tsa liwebsaete tse kholo tsa maqephe a mosehla Afghanistan: 1. Kabul Yellow Pages: Webosaete ena e fana ka lethathamo le felletseng la likhoebo tse Kabul le litoropong tse ling tse kholo tsa Afghanistan. E akaretsa likarolo tse fapaneng tse kenyeletsang lihotele, lireschorente, lipetlele, likolo, lik'hamphani tsa kaho le tse ling. Websaeteng: www.kabulyellowpages.com 2. Afghan Biz: Afghan Biz ke bukana ea Marang-rang e fanang ka tlhahisoleseling mabapi le likhoebo tse sebetsang ho pholletsa le Afghanistan. E kenyeletsa lihlopha tse kang temo, litšebeletso tsa likoloi, libanka le lichelete, litsi tsa thuto, mekhatlo ea bohahlauli le tse ling tse ngata. Websaeteng: www.afghanbiz.com 3. Arian Online Yellow Pages: Arian Online Yellow Pages ke e 'ngoe ea li-directory tsa marang-rang tse shebaneng le likhokahano tsa khoebo le likhoebo naheng ea Afghanistan. E fana ka lethathamo la liindasteri tse fapaneng joalo ka bafani ba lits'ebeletso tsa mehala, bahlahisi / barekisi / barekisi ba lihlahisoa / lits'ebeletso tse fapaneng jj. Websaeteng: www.yellowpagesafghanistan.net 4. Manta Afghanistan: Manta ke bukana ea marang-rang ea lefats'e e sebetsang hape e le sethala sa maqephe a mosehla se hokahanyang likhoebo tse fapaneng lefatšeng ka bophara ho kenyelletsa le tse sebetsang ka har'a meeli ea Afghanistan. Webosaete; www.manta.com/world/Asia-and-Pacific/Afghanistan/ 5. Yellow Pages ka EasyFind.af : EasyFind.af e fana ka karolo e pharaletseng ea maqephe a mosehla e nang le lihlopha tse ngata tse nang le lintlha tse qaqileng tse tsoang libakeng tse fapaneng tsa Afghanistan. Webosaete: www.easyfind.af/en/ Liwebosaete tsena li fana ka likhetho tse lumellang basebelisi ho fumana lihlahisoa kapa lits'ebeletso tseo ba li hlokang hammoho le lintlha tsa ho ikopanya le linomoro tsa mohala kapa liaterese. Ka kopo hlokomela hore liwebsaete tsena li ka fetoha kapa ho eketsoa ha nako e ntse e ea; ka hona ho bohlokoa ho etela li-platform tsa bona ka kotloloho bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e nepahetseng le ea morao-rao ea maqephe a mosehla a Afghan.

Li-platform tse kholo tsa khoebo

Ho na le liforomo tse 'maloa tse kholo tsa e-commerce naheng ea Afghanistan. Mona, ke tla thathamisa tse ling tsa tsona hammoho le liaterese tsa bona tsa sebaka sa marang-rang: 1. Mmaraka oa Marang-rang oa Afghanistan (www.afghanistanonlinemarket.com) Sethala sena se fana ka mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa tse kenyelletsang lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, feshene, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng le tse ling. E fana ka sebopeho se bonolo sa mosebelisi le likhetho tse sireletsehileng tsa ho lefa. 2. Afghan E-Commerce (afgcommerce.com) Afghan E-Commerce ke e 'ngoe ea limmaraka tse holimo tsa Marang-rang Afghanistan. E fana ka lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tse kang liaparo, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, lihlahisoa tsa botle le lisebelisoa tsa lipapali. 3. Kabul Online Shopping (www.kabulonlineshopping.com) Sethala sena se lumella basebelisi ho reka lintho tse fapaneng ho kenyelletsa liaparo, lisebelisoa, lihlahisoa tsa mekhabiso ea lapeng, le lisebelisoa tsa kichineng. E fana ka litšebeletso tse bonolo tsa ho tsamaisa thepa ho pholletsa le litoropo tse kholo tsa Afghanistan. 4. Aryanbazaar (https://aryanbazaar.com/) Aryanbazaar ke sethala sa e-commerce se shebaneng le ho fana ka lihlahisoa tsa 'nete tsa Afghan tse kang mabenyane, liaparo tsa setso tse kang liaparo tsa Pashtun le liaparo tsa banna tse bitsoang "Khet Partoog", mesebetsi ea matsoho e entsoeng ke litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho. 5. BazarOnline Afghanistan (https://bazaronlineafghanistan.com/) BazarOnlineAfghanistan ke sethala sa mabenkele se fanang ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa tse kang liaparo tsa feshene bakeng sa banna le basali ho kenyelletsa le liaparo tsa lehae tse tsejoang ka "liaparo tsa Afghani," lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki joalo ka li-smartphones le matlapa hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa lapeng. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore e-commerce ecosystem naheng ea Afghanistan e ntse e tsoela pele; ka hona, sebopeho sa eona se ka 'na sa fetoha ha nako e ntse e ea le batho ba bacha ba kenang' marakeng.

Mecha ea litaba e kholo ea sechaba

Afghanistan ke naha e fapaneng e nang le sekhahla se ntseng se hola sa ho kena inthaneteng. Leha li-platform tsa litaba tsa sechaba li sa ata joalo ka linaheng tse ling, ho ntse ho na le li-platform tse 'maloa tse tsebahalang tseo batho ba Afghanistan ba li sebelisang ho hokahanya le ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling. Mona ke tse ling tsa liforomo tsa litaba tsa sechaba tse sebelisoang haholo Afghanistan, hammoho le liwebosaete tse tsamaellanang le tsona: 1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Ha ho pelaelo hore Facebook ke sethala se tsebahalang haholo sa litaba tsa sechaba lefatšeng ka bophara, ho kenyeletsoa Afghanistan. E lumella basebelisi ho hokahana le metsoalle le ba lelapa, ho arolelana linepe le livideo, ho ikopanya le lihlopha kapa liketsahalo, le ho latela maqephe a litaba. 2. Twitter (www.twitter.com): Twitter ke sethala se seng se sebelisoang haholo Afghanistan bakeng sa liapdeite tsa nako ea nnete ka lihlooho tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa litaba, lipolotiki, boithabiso, lipapali le tse ling. Basebelisi ba ka romella melaetsa e khuts'oane e tsejoang e le li-tweets tse ka ratoang kapa tsa arolelanoa ke ba bang. 3. Instagram (www.instagram.com): Instagram ke sethala sa ho arolelana lifoto moo basebelisi ba ka kenyang litšoantšo kapa livideo tse khutšoane tse tsamaeang le litlhaloso le li-hashtag. E se e tumme har'a bacha ba Afghan bakeng sa ho bonts'a boiqapelo ba bona ka litaba tse bonoang. 4. LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): LinkedIn ke setsi sa marang-rang sa litsebi se sebelisoang haholo ke batho ba batlang ho atolosa likamano tsa bona tsa litsebi. E thusa basebelisi ho theha liprofaele tse totobatsang semelo sa bona sa thuto le boiphihlelo ba mosebetsi ha ba ntse ba hokahana le basebetsi-'moho le bona ba tsoang liindastering tse fapaneng. 5. YouTube (www.youtube.com): YouTube e fana ka pokello e kholo ea litaba tsa video tse entsoeng ke batho kapa mekhatlo lefatšeng ka bophara - ho tloha ho livideo tsa 'mino ho isa lithutong tsa thuto - e etsa hore e tume haholo har'a basebelisi ba Afghan ba batlang boithabiso kapa merero ea thuto. 6 . WhatsApp: WhatsApp e fana ka litšebeletso tsa melaetsa ea hang-hang hammoho le mehala ea lentsoe le lipuisano tsa video bakeng sa puisano ea motho ka mong kapa lipuisano tsa sehlopha ka khokahanyo ea inthanete. 7 . Viber: E ts'oana le WhatsApp empa e sa tumme haholo ho feta tlholisano ea eona; Viber e boetse e fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa melaetsa joalo ka melaetsa ea selefouno hammoho le mehala ea lentsoe ho lisebelisoa tse fapaneng ka khokahano ea inthanete. 8 . Telegraph: Thelekramo e tsejoa ka ho fana ka bokhoni ba ho romella melaetsa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ha e ntse e sebelisa theknoloji ea encryption ea ho qetela e netefatsang lekunutu. Basebelisi ba ka theha likanale kapa lihlopha ho arolelana melaetsa, linepe le livideo. Tsena ke tse 'maloa feela tsa liforomo tsa litaba tsa sechaba tse fumaneng botumo Afghanistan. Batho ka bomong le mekhatlo ka har'a naha ba sebelisa lipolanete tsena mererong e fapaneng ho tloha puisanong, boithabiso, tšebeliso ea litaba, marang-rang, le tse ling lefatšeng le ntseng le hola.

Mekhatlo e meholo ea indasteri

Afghanistan e na le mekhatlo e mengata e meholo ea indasteri e emelang likarolo tse fapaneng tsa moruo. Mona ke tse ling tsa mekhatlo e tsebahalang ea indasteri Afghanistan: 1. Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industries (ACCI): ACCI ke mokhatlo o ka sehloohong o emelang mekhatlo e ikemetseng 'me o ikemiselitse ho khothalletsa kholo ea moruo le nts'etsopele ea Afghanistan. E fana ka lits'ebeletso le tšehetso ho likhoebo, ho kenyeletsoa ho buella liphetoho tsa maano. Webosaete: http://www.acci.org.af/ 2. Afghanistan Women's Chamber of Commerce and Industry (AWCCI): AWCCI e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho tšehetseng bo-rakhoebo ba basali le bo-rakhoebo ba Afghanistan, ho fana ka koetliso, boeletsi, menyetla ea marang-rang, le bobuelli bakeng sa litokelo tsa bona har'a sechaba sa khoebo. Webosaete: https://www.awcci.af/ 3. Afghan-American Chamber of Commerce (AACC): AACC e khothalletsa khoebo ea linaha tse peli pakeng tsa Afghanistan le United States ka ho thusa lik'hamphani tsa Amerika tse batlang menyetla ea khoebo Afghanistan ha li ntse li tšehetsa lifeme tsa Afghan tse batlang ho kena 'marakeng oa U.S. Webosaete: http://a-acc.org/ 4. Federation of Afghan Craftsmen & Traders (NNETE): 'NETE e emela litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho, litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho, bahoebi, barekisi ba kantle ho naha / ba tsoang kantle ho naha ba amehang mesebetsing ea matsoho ea setso e kang ho betla, ho loha lik'hafo, ho etsa mabenyane, tlhahiso ea ceramic joalo-joalo, ka sepheo sa ho boloka litsebo tsa setso ha ho ntse ho thusa 'maraka. phihlello ka hare ho naha le matjhabeng. 5.Afghanistan Builders Association (ABA): ABA e emetse lik'hamphani tsa kaho tse sebetsanang le merero ea ntlafatso ea litšebeletso tse kang mehaho ea bolulo; litsela; marokho; meaho ea phepelo ea metsi jj. 6.Afghanistan Medical Association(AMA) ke mokhatlo o emelang litsebi tsa bongaka tse kenyeletsang lingaka, lingaka, baoki, le ba bang ba sebeletsang ho fana ka litsi tsa bophelo bo botle ho pholletsa le sebaka sohle sa Afghanistan. Ka kopo hlokomela hore liwebsaete tsena li ne li nepahetse nakong ea ho ngola karabo ena empa li ka fetoha kapa tsa ntlafatsoa.

Liwebsaete tsa khoebo le tsa khoebo

Afghanistan, naha e se nang naha e Asia Boroa-Bohareng, e na le liwebsaete tse 'maloa tsa moruo le tsa khoebo tse fanang ka leseli la bohlokoa bakeng sa likhoebo le bo-ramatsete. Mona ke ba bang ba hlahelletseng ba nang le li-URL tsa sebaka sa bona sa marang-rang: 1. Afghanistan Investment Support Agency (AISA) - sebaka sa marang-rang sa molao bakeng sa ho khothaletsa menyetla ea matsete Afghanistan. Webosaete: http://aisa.org.af/ 2. Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Industries (ACCI) - sethala se emelang likhoebo tsa Afghan tse amehang makaleng a fapaneng. Webosaete: http://www.acci.org.af/ 3. Afghan-American Chamber of Commerce (AACC) - e tšehetsa khoebo ea linaha tse peli pakeng tsa Afghanistan le United States. Webosaete: https://a-acc.org/ 4. The Export Promotion Agency of Afghanistan (EPAA) - e ikemiselitseng ho khothaletsa lihlahisoa tsa Afghan limmarakeng tsa machaba. Webosaete: http://epaa.gov.af/ 5. Lekala la Khoebo le Indasteri, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan - lefapha la mmuso le sebetsanang le litaba tse amanang le khoebo. Webosaete: https://moci.gov.af/en 6. Central Statistics Organisation (CSO) - e fana ka lintlha tsa lipalo-palo tse amanang le moruo, palo ea batho, le lintlha tse ling tse amanang le Afghanistan. Webosaete: https://cso.gov.af/ 7. International Trade Center (ITC) - E fana ka lisebelisoa bakeng sa ho matlafatsa bokhoni ba ho romela thepa har'a likhoebo tsa Afghan ka lisebelisoa tsa bohlale ba khoebo le mananeo a ho aha bokhoni. Webosaete: https://www.intracen.org/itc/countries/afghanistan 8. Da Afghanistan Bank - Banka e bohareng ea naha e okametseng leano la lichelete, taolo ea libanka, botsitso ba sekhahla sa phapanyetsano, joalo-joalo, e fana ka lintlafatso tsa lefapha la lichelete. Webosaete: https://dab.gov.af/en/home Liwebsaete tsena li sebetsa e le sethala sa bohlokoa sa ho fumana leseli ka menyetla ea matsete, litlaleho tsa lipatlisiso tsa mebaraka, lipalo-palo tsa khoebo, melaoana le lintlafatso tsa maano hammoho le lintlha tsa ho ikopanya le lipotso tsa khoebo. Ka kopo hlokomela hore liwebsaete tsena li ka fetoha kapa tsa fetoloa ha nako e ntse e ea; ka hona ho eletsoa ho netefatsa ho nepahala ha tsona nakong ea tšebeliso

Liwebosaete tsa lipotso tsa khoebo

Ho na le liwebsaete tse 'maloa moo u ka fumanang lintlha tsa khoebo tsa Afghanistan. Mehlala ke ena hammoho le liaterese tsa sebaka sa bona sa Marang-rang: 1. Lekala la Khoebo le Indasteri la Afghanistan: Webosaete ea semmuso ea Lekala la Khoebo le Indasteri la Afghanistan e fana ka leseli mabapi le maano a khoebo, melaoana le lipalo-palo. U ka fumana lintlha tsa khoebo ka ho etela sebaka sa bona sa Marang-rang ho www.commerce.gov.af. 2. Afghanistan Central Statistics Organisation (CSO): CSO e na le boikarabello ba ho bokella le ho phatlalatsa litaba tsa lipalo-palo naheng ea Afghanistan, ho kenyeletsoa le data ea khoebo. U ka fumana lipalo-palo tse amanang le khoebo webosaeteng ea bona ho www.cso.gov.af. 3. International Trade Center (ITC): ITC e fana ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea litaba tse amanang le khoebo ea machaba, ho kenyeletsoa tlhahlobo ea mebaraka le lipalo-palo tsa khoebo bakeng sa linaha tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa Afghanistan. Etela sebaka sa bona sa Marang-rang ho www.intracen.org ho fumana database. 4. Lintlha Tse Buletsoeng ke Banka ea Lefatše: Banka ea Lefatše e fana ka phihlello e bulehileng ho li-dataset tsa eona tse felletseng tsa ntlafatso ea lefats'e, tse kenyelletsang lipalo-palo tsa khoebo ea machabeng bakeng sa linaha tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa Afghanistan. U ka hlahloba polokelo ea litaba ho data.worldbank.org. 5. United Nations Comtrade Database: The UN Comtrade Database e na le lintlha tse qaqileng tsa lipalo-palo tsa linaha tse peli tsa ho kenya/romela kantle ho naha tse tlalehiloeng ke linaha tse fapaneng lefatšeng ka bophara, ho kenyeletsoa Afghanistan. Fumana database ho comtrade.un.org. Hlokomela hore liwebsaete tse ling li ka hloka ho ingolisa kapa ho kena ho fumana lintlha tse qaqileng kapa likarolo tse itseng tsa sethala sa bona.

Li-platform tsa B2b

Afghanistan ke naha e tsoelang pele e fumanehang Asia Bohareng. Ho sa tsotellehe mathata ao e tobaneng le ona, ho na le liforomo tse 'maloa tsa B2B tse sebetsang ka hare ho Afghanistan. Mona ke tse ling tsa tse hlahelletseng: 1. Afghan Biz: Sethala sena se ikemiselitse ho hokahanya likhoebo tsa Afghan le bareki le barekisi ba malapeng le ba machabeng. E fana ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa le lits'ebeletso ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng. Websaeteng: www.afghanbiz.com 2. Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Industries (ACCI): ACCI e na le marang-rang a marang-rang a thusang likamano tsa khoebo le khoebo har'a litho tsa eona. E fana ka menyetla ea ho etsa marang-rang, liketsahalo tsa khoebo le likamano tsa khoebo. Websaeteng: www.afghan-chamber.com 3. Afghanistani.com: Sethala sena sa B2B se tsepamisitse maikutlo ho khothaletsong lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ke baetsi ba Afghan ho bareki ba ka bang teng lefatšeng ka bophara. E ikemiselitse ho matlafatsa thepa e tsoang Afghanistan ka ho hokahanya bahlahisi ba lehae le limmaraka tsa machabeng. Websaeteng: www.afghanistani.com 4. Eximgoat: E ipapisitse le ts'ebetso ea ho kenya thepa kantle ho naha, sethala sena se hokahanya likhoebo tsa Afghanistan le balekane ba khoebo ba lefats'e bakeng sa mesebetsi ea khoebo e kenang le e tsoang kantle ho naha. Webosaete: www.eximgoat.com 5. eTrader Afghanistan: E entsoe joalo ka 'maraka oa elektroniki, eTrader Afghanistan e thusa likhoebo ho bonts'a lihlahisoa kapa lits'ebeletso tsa bona, ho batla barekisi kapa bareki, ho buisana ka litumellano, le ho laola likhokahano inthaneteng. Webosaete: www.e-trader.gov.af 6. EasyMandi Kabul Market Platform (EKMP): E entsoe ka ho khetheha bakeng sa bahlahisi ba temo profinseng ea Kabul, EKMP e lumella lihoai ho rekisa lihlahisoa tsa tsona ka kotloloho ho barekisi kapa barekisi ba ka har'a toropo ka sistimi ea inthanete. Webosaete: Ha e fumanehe. Li-platform tsena tsa B2B li fana ka lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa likhoebo tsa Afghan tse batlang menyetla ea kholo ka hare ho naha le matjhabeng ka ho tsamaisa likhokahano lipakeng tsa bareki le barekisi ba tsoang liindasteri tse fapaneng tse kang temo, tlhahiso, tharollo ea theknoloji joalo-joalo. Ka kopo elelloa hore leha lipolanete tsena li thathamisitsoe mona ho ipapisitsoe le tlhaiso-leseling e teng nakong ea ho ngola karabo ena (Mots'eanong 2021), ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa ho ts'epahala ha bona, bohlokoa ba bona le maemo a bona a ntlafalitsoeng pele u ikopanya le bona.
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