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Nkatsakanyo wa Tiko
Mali ya Rixaka
Ntsengo wa ku Cincana
Tiholideyi ta Nkoka
Xiyimo xa Mabindzu ya le Handle
Vuswikoti bya Nhluvukiso wa Makete
Switirhisiwa leswi xavisiwaka hi ku hisa emakete
Swihlawulekisi swa vaxavi na taboo
Endlelo ra vulawuri bya khastomo
Tipholisi ta xibalo xa swilo leswi humaka ematikweni mambe
Tipholisi ta xibalo xa ku rhumela ematikweni mambe
Switifikheti leswi lavekaka ku rhumela ematikweni mambe
Vutleketli lebyi ringanyetiweke
Tichannel ta nhluvukiso wa vaxavi

Afghanistan i tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle leri kumekaka eAsia Xikarhi, leri avelana mindzilakano na Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan na China. Yi hlanganisa kwalomu ka 652,864 wa swikwere khilomitara naswona yi na vanhu vo tlula 32 wa timiliyoni lava welaka eka tinxaka to hambana hambana. Dorobankulu i Kabul leri tirhaka tani hi ntsindza wa tipolitiki na ikhonomi ya Afghanistan. Tiko leri ri ni matimu lama fuweke lama sunguleke magidi ya malembe lama nga ni minkucetelo leyi humaka eka mindhavuko ya le Peresiya ni ya Vuislem. Khale a ku ri ndhawu ya nkoka yo yima eka yona etindleleni ta mabindzu ta le Silk Road. Ndzhawu ya Afghanistan yihambanile naswona ngopfu ngopfu yina tintshava laha Hindu Kush range yi lawulaka ndzhawu yale xikarhi. Maxelo ya hambana kuya hi vukulu kambe hi xitalo yava na ximumu xo hisa na xixika xo titimela. Vurimi byi tlanga xiave lexikulu eka ikhonomi ya Afghanistan laha kutlula tikotara tinharhu ta vaaki va rona va nghenelaka vurimi kumbe ku fuwa swifuwo. Swibyariwa leswikulu swikatsa koroni, mavele, mihandzu (kufana na madiriva na magrenada), tinyawa (kufana na ti almonds), xikan’we na cotton. Tiko leri rina switirhisiwa swotala swa ntumbuluko kukatsa na gasi ya ntumbuluko, malahla, koporo, iron ore,na maribye ya risima yofana na ti emerald. Hambiswiritano,switirhisiwa swa migodi ya switirhisiwa leswi swi tshama swi nga hluvukisiwanga hikwalaho ka swivilelo swa vuhlayiseki leswi yaka emahlweni. Afghanistan yi langutane na mintlhontlho yo tala eka matimu hinkwawo ku katsa na ku hlaseriwa hi matiko mambe,ku fuma ka vapfukeri va Taliban,na timholovo leti yaka emahlweni.Hambiswiritano,ku sukela loko ku hlongoriwile vulawuri bya Taliban hi 2001,tiko ri endlile matshalatshala yo ya eka ntshamiseko,ku pfuxeta swivandlanene,na ku simeka vulawuri bya xidemokirasi na nseketelo ku suka eka vatirhisani va matiko ya misava. Hambi leswi nhluvuko wu endliweke,Afghanistan ri ya emahlweni ri langutana na mintlhontlho ya ntshamiseko,ikhonomi,na vuhlayiseki.Mimpimo ya vusweti yi le henhla kasi ku fikelela dyondzo na vukorhokeri bya nhlayiso wa rihanyo swi tshama swi ri switsongo ngopfungopfu eka vavasati.Timhaka ta ndzingano wa rimbewu na tona ta ha ri kona.Vanhu va le Afghanistan va tiveka hi mindhavuko ya vona yo tiya ya tinxaka leyi khumbaka xivumbeko xa vaaki,milawu,mimpimanyeto,na maendlelo ya vulawuri eka miganga hinkwayo etikweni hinkwaro. Hi ku gimeta,Afghanistan i tiko leri fuweke hi matimu,mindhavuko yo hambana hambana,switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko,naswona ri endle migingiriko yo pfuxeta na ku tshamiseka endzhaku ka malembe ya nyimpi.Hambiswiritano,ri langutane na mintlhontlho yo tala ri nga si fikelela ku rhula loku nga heriki,ku humelela,na nhluvukiso.

Xiyimo xa mali eAfghanistan xi hlawulekile swinene. Mali ya ximfumo ya Afghanistan i Afghan afghani (AFN). Yive mali ya tiko kusukela hi 1925. Afghani yin’we yi avanyisiwile hi 100 pul. Hambiswiritano, i swa nkoka ku xiya leswaku Afghanistan yi langutane na mintlhontlho leyikulu ya ikhonomi eka malembe ya sweswinyana hikwalaho ka ku nga tshamiseki ka tipolitiki na timholovo leti yaka emahlweni. Nkoka wa afghani wu ve ni ku cinca-cinca lokukulu hikwalaho ka sweswo. Hi mayelana na mimpimo ya ku cincana, swi nga tika ku kuma vuxokoxoko lebyi kongomeke na lebyi nga cincekiki hikwalaho ka ku cinca-cinca ka ikhonomi ya Afghanistan. Mpimo wa ku cincana loko wu pimanisiwa na timali letikulu ta matiko ya misava wu cinca-cinca nkarhi na nkarhi, leswi endlaka leswaku swi tika eka mabindzu na vanhu ku vhumbha kumbe ku pulana hi ku ya hi sweswo. Ku tlula kwalaho, hikwalaho ka ku vilela hi vuhlayiseki ni ku pfumala ku tshemba eka tinhlengeletano ta timali ta kwalaho, vanhu vo tala va endla bindzu hi ku tirhisa tidolara ta le United States kumbe mali yin’wana ya matiko mambe ematshan’weni yo titshega hi vanhu va le ma-afghani ntsena. Mukhuva lowu wu tele ngopfu emadorobeni lamakulu laha mabindzu ya matiko hinkwawo ya endlekaka kona. Hi ku komisa, xiyimo xa mali ya Afghanistan xi tiveka hi ku hlanganisiwa loku rharhanganeke ka mali ya tiko ya ximfumo (Afghan afghani), ku cinca-cinca ka mimpimo ya ku cincana, ku titshega hi timali ta matiko mambe ku fana na tidolara ta Amerika hi swikongomelo swa mabindzu, na mintlhontlho ya ikhonomi hi ku angarhela leyi humaka eka ku nga tshamiseki ka tipolitiki na timholovo leti yaka emahlweni.

Mali ya ximfumo ya Afghanistan i Afghan Afghani (AFN). Mimpimo ya ku cincana na timali letikulu ta misava yi nga hambana, hikwalaho a swi koteki ku nyika datha yo karhi handle ka vuxokoxoko bya nkarhi wa xiviri. Hi kombela u languta eka swihlovo swa timali leswi tshembekaka kumbe u vulavurisana na muhundzuluxi wa mali ku kuma mimpimo ya sweswinyana ya ku cincana.

Afghanistan, tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle eAsia Xikarhi, ri tlangela minkhuvo yo hlayanyana ya nkoka lembe hinkwaro. Minkhuvo leyi yi hoxa xandla swinene eka ndhavuko wa le Afghanistan naswona yi tlangeriwa hi vanhu lava humaka eka tinxaka to hambana-hambana ni vukhongeri byo hambana-hambana. Hi leti tin’wana ta tiholideyi leti xiyekaka ta le Afghanistan: 1. Nowruz: Nowruz yi fungha ku sungula ka Lembe Lerintshwa ra Afghanistan naswona ri tlangeriwa hi March 21st. I nkhuvo wa khale wa le Peresiya lowu kombisaka ku tswariwa nakambe ni ku pfuxetiwa. Vanhu va le Afghanistan va tlangela siku leri hi ku khoma minkhuvo leyi rharhanganeke, ku endzela ndyangu ni vanghana, ku cincana tinyiko ni ku hlanganyela eka vuyimbeleri bya ndhavuko ni ku cina. 2. Siku ra Ntshunxeko: Ri tlangeriwa hi August 19th, Siku ra Ntshunxeko ri tsundzuka ntshunxeko wa Afghanistan eka vulawuri bya Britain hi 1919. Hi siku leri, swiendlakalo swo hambana swa ndhavuko swi humelela etikweni hinkwaro hi ti parade leti kombisaka mihlovo ya mujeko wa rixaka ra Afghanistan - wa ntima, wo tshwuka, wa rihlaza - mincino ya ndhavuko, . vuyimbeleri lebyi kombisaka ku navela tiko. 3. Eid al-Fitr: Yin'wana ya minkhuvo ya nkoka swinene ya Mamoslem emisaveni hinkwayo i Eid al-Fitr kumbe "Festival of Breaking the Fast." Nkhuvo lowu wu fungha ku hela ka Ramadan (nkarhi wo titsona swakudya lowu tekaka n’hweti hinkwayo) lowu sekeriweke eka ku langutisisa ka khalendara ya n’weti ya Vuislem. Le Afghanistan, mindyangu yi hlengeletana leswaku yi dya swakudya swin’we swa nkhuvo loko yi ri karhi yi ambala swiambalo leswintshwa tanihi xikombiso xa minkhuvo leyi tsakisaka. 4. Eid al-Adha: Holideyi yin’wana ya nkoka ya Mamoslem leyi tlangeriwaka emisaveni hinkwayo i Eid al-Adha kumbe "Nkhuvo wa Gandzelo." Holideyi leyi yi xixima ku tiyimisela ka Ibrahim ku endla gandzelo hi n’wana wa yena tani hi xiendlo xa ripfumelo kambe eku heteleleni a endla gandzelo hi xiharhi ematshan’wini ya sweswo hi xileriso xa Xikwembu. Vanhu va le Afghanistan va tlangela siku leri hi ku endla swikhongelo eti mosque leswi landzeriwaka hi ku avelana nyama leyi humaka eka swiharhi leswi endliweke magandzelo ni swirho swa ndyangu ni lava nga riki na nkateko. 5.Siku ra Rixaka/Siku ra Nkutsulo (Apr 28): Holideyi leyi ya rixaka yi tsundzuka ku hlongoriwa ka Mohammad Daoud Khan hi 1978 leswi nga endla leswaku ku va na vulawuri bya vukhomunisi loko yi nga si nyikela ndhawu eka nhlaselo lowu heleleke wa Soviet hi December 1979.Ku sukela kwalaho hi vona ndlela leyi vutherorisi bya soviet byi vumbeke hi vuntshwa tipolitiki na vaaki va Afghanistan , naswona u sindzise timiliyoni ku ya evuhlongeni ka ha ri ni nkarhi. Afghanistan yi tlangela siku leri hi minkombiso, swiendlakalo swa ndzhavuko na swibalesa swa ndzilo. Leyi i minkhuvo yi nga ri yingani ya nkoka leyi tlangeriwaka eAfghanistan. Tiholideyi leti ti ni nkoka lowukulu wa ndhavuko, vukhongeri ni matimu eka vanhu va le Afghanistan, ti kurisa vun’we, minkhuvo leyi tsakisaka ni ku titwa ka ku tinyungubyisa ka tiko exikarhi ka vanhu va rona.

Afghanistan, leyi kumekaka eAsia Xikarhi, i tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle leri nga ni ikhonomi yo hambana-hambana leyi titshegeke ngopfu hi vurimi ni swilo swa ntumbuluko. Hambiswiritano, hikwalaho ka malembe ya nyimpi ni ku nga tshamiseki ka tipolitiki, xiyimo xa yona xa mabindzu xa ha ri ntlhontlho. Swilo leswikulu leswi Afghanistan swi xavisiwaka ematikweni mambe swikatsa swilo swa vurimi swofana na mihandzu leyi omisiweke (ngopfu ngopfu raisins), mihandzu yotsakama (kukatsa na ti pomegranates na ti apricots), ti nuts (kufana na pistachios nati almonds), na voya. Tiko leri ritlhela riva na vuhlayiselo lebyikulu bya timinerali tofana na copper, iron ore, gold, lithium na gasi ya ntumbuluko. Hi tlhelo rin’wana, Afghanistan yi titshege ngopfu hi ku xavisiwa ka nhundzu yo hambana hambana ku fana na switirhisiwa swa swakudya (mavele na chukele), switirhisiwa swa petroliyamu eka swilaveko swa eneji, michini ya tiphurojeke ta nhluvukiso wa switirhisiwa, tikhemikhali ta tiindasitiri, mirhi eka swikongomelo swa nhlayiso wa rihanyo, mimovha eka swilaveko swa vutleketli. Un’wana wa matiko lamakulu ya mabindzu ya Afghanistan i tiko ra muakelani ra Pakistan. Yi tirha tanihi ndlela ya nkoka yo hundzisela leyi hlanganisaka Afghanistan na timakete ta misava hinkwayo hi ku tirhisa ribuwa ra lwandle ra Karachi. Vatirhisani van’wana va nkoka va mabindzu va katsa India, Iran, China-Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan netiweke ya swiporo hi ku tirhisa ku tsemakanya ndzilakano wa Hairatan. Mfumo wa Afghanistan wu vile wu endla matshalatshala yo antswisa mbangu wa mabindzu ya tiko hi ku sayina mintwanano ya matiko ya misava ku fana na phurotokholo yo nghenela Nhlangano wa Mabindzu ya Misava hi 2016. Ku engetela kwalaho; yi kongomisa ku koka rinoko ra vuvekisi bya le handle hi ku tirhisa migingiriko leyi nyikaka swihlohloteri swa xibalo na ku olovisa maendlelo ya vukorhokeri. Hambiswiritano; mintlhontlho yo hambana yi sivela ku kula ka mabindzu ya Afghanistan ku katsa na switirhisiwa leswi tsaneke ku fana na tinetiweki ta vutleketli leti nga ringanelangiki leswi endlaka leswaku ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe swi tika. Yisa emahlweni; vukungundzwana byi tshama byi ri mhaka leyi khumbaka maendlelo ya ku nghenisa/ku rhumela ehandle xikan’we na swivilelo swa vuhlayiseki leswi khumbhaka ku tsemakanya mindzilakano leswi hoxaka xandla eka ku hlwela & ku durha loku engetelekeke ku hunguta mphikizano eka timakete ta matiko ya misava. Hi ku gimeta; Afghanistan yi langutane na swihinga leswikulu eka sekithara ya yona ya mabindzu hikwalaho ka minkwetlembetano leyi yaka emahlweni & ku nga tshamiseki ka tipolitiki leswi kavanyetaka ku kula ka ikhonomi & matshalatshala yo hambanyisa.Mfumo wu tinyiketerile ku antswisa swiyimo kambe wu lava nseketelo lowu yaka emahlweni ku suka eka vaaki va misava hinkwayo leswaku wu ta fikelela nhluvukiso wa ikhonomi lowu nga heriki lowu hlamuseriweke ehansi ka ku Rhumela ka vona ka Rixaka Endlelo

Afghanistan i tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle leri kumekaka eAsia Xikarhi ni le Dzongeni, naswona ri ni vaaki vo tlula 38 wa timiliyoni. Hambi leswi yi langutaneke na mintlhontlho yo tala yo fana na ku nga tshamiseki ka tipolitiki, ku vilela hi vuhlayiseki, na switirhisiwa leswi tsaneke, Afghanistan yi na vuswikoti lebyi nga tirhisiwangiki hi mayelana na makete wa yona wa mabindzu ya le handle. Mhaka yin’wana ya nkoka ya vuswikoti bya Afghanistan byo rhumela ematikweni mambe yi le ka switirhisiwa swa yona swa ntumbuluko leswi fuweke. Tiko leri ri tiveka hi vuhlayiselo lebyikulu bya gasi ya ntumbuluko, petroliyamu, malahla, koporo, nsuku, maribye ya risima ni timinerali tin’wana ta nkoka. Ku lavisisa na ku tirhisiwa loku faneleke ka switirhisiwa leswi swi nga hlohlotela vuvekisi byo kongoma bya le handle (FDI) na ku tlakusa ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe. Ku engetela eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko, Afghanistan yina matimu yo leha ya vuhumelerisi bya vurimi. Misava yo nona xikan’we na maxelo ya kahle swi olovisa ku byariwa ka swibyariwa swohambana hambana kukatsa na koroni, mavele, barley, mihandzu yofana na madiriva na magrenada, xikan’we na switirhisiwa swofana na saffron. Hiku tirhisa tindlela ta manguva lawa ta vurimi xikan’we naku antswisa switirhisiwa swale ndzhaku ka ntshovelo swofana na switirhisiwa swo paka kumbe ti cold storage chains – rixaka ringa engetela swinene ku xaviseriwa matiko yale handle ka vurimi. Ku tlula kwalaho، vutshila bya mavoko bya le Afghanistan byi kume ku xiximiwa emisaveni hinkwayo hikwalaho ka ku hlawuleka ka byona ni tipulani ta byona leti rharhanganeke. Tikhapete to saseka، swiambalo swa ndhavuko (swo tanihi swiambalo leswi lukiweke), vumba، ntirho wa mapulanga، vuhlalu، swilo swa dzovo، ti rugs,na swiambalo swi nyika ntshembo lowukulu wo rhumela ematikweni mambe leswaku tiko ri swi tirhisa. Ku tirhisa vuswikoti lebyi bya mabindzu hi ku hetiseka , ku laveka migingiriko yo antswisa nhluvukiso wa switirhisiwa ku ya emahlweni - ngopfungopfu tinetiweki ta vutleketli to fana na magondzo、swiporo、na swikepe - leswaku nhundzu yi ta fambisiwa hi ndlela leyinene laha tikweni kumbe ku rhumeriwa ematikweni mambe。 Ku tlula kwalaho,matshalatshala yo ya eka ntshamiseko lowukulu wa tipolitiki、ku tiyisisiwa ka vuhlayiseki ku suka eka migingiriko ya vapfukeri、na magoza yo lwisana na vukungundzwana ya ta kurisa ku tshemba ka vavekisi leswi nga ta hoxa xandla eka ku lavisisa ntshembo wa mabindzu ya le handle ku ya emahlweni. Ku aka vuxaka byo tiya bya matiko mambirhi eka timakete ta miganga na swona i swa nkoka eka nhluvukiso wa mabindzu ya matiko mambe ya Afghanistan hi ku languta ndhawu ya yona ya ntivo-misava ya maqhinga leyi hlanganisaka Asia Dzonga na Asia Xikarhi。 Ku ndlandlamuxa mintwanano ya mabindzu leyi nga kona na matiko ya vaakelani yo fana na Pakistan、India、Iran,na Uzbekistan swi ta pfulela Afghan tindlela letintshwa vaxavisi ku simeka vutirhisani bya nkarhi wo leha na ku ndlandlamuxa mfikelelo wa makete. Hi ku gimeta, Afghanistan yi na vuswikoti lebyikulu swinene hi mayelana na nhluvukiso wa makete wa mabindzu ya le handle。 Hi ku tirhisa hi ndlela leyinene switirhisiwa swa yona swa ntumbuluko, ku ndlandlamuxa vuhumelerisi bya vurimi, ku tlakusa vumaki bya mavoko, ku antswisa switirhisiwa, ku tiyisisa vuhlayiseki na ku tumbuluxa vutirhisani byo tiya bya miganga، tiko ri nga pfula vuswikoti bya rona lebyi nga tirhisiwangiki na ku tlakusa ikhonomi ku kula hi ku tirhisa ku engeteleriwa ka swivandlanene swa ku rhumela ematikweni mambe.

Loko ku langutiwa switirhisiwa leswi xavisiwaka eka mabindzu ya matiko ya misava eAfghanistan, i swa nkoka ku kongomisa eka swilo leswi fambelanaka na swilaveko swo karhi na ku tsakela ka tiko. Hi leswi switsundzuxo swin’wana swa swilo leswi xavisiwaka hi ku hisa eka makete wa mabindzu ya le handle wa Afghanistan: 1. Vurimi na Switirhisiwa swa Swakudya: Leswi ikhonomi yinga ngopfu ya vurimi, kuna xilaveko xale henhla xa switirhisiwa swa vurimi swofana na mihandzu yotsakama, matsavu, tinyawa (kufana na ti almonds na pistachios), saffron, na swipayisisi. Nhundzu ya organic na halal leyi tiyisisiweke yi tekeriwa enhlokweni ngopfu. 2. Swiambalo: Kuna xilaveko lexikulu xa swilo swa swiambalo swofana na swiambalo swa ndhavuko swa Afghanistan (kufana na perahan tunban) leswi endliweke hi malapi ya ndzhawu liya na vutshila. Ku engetela kwalano, swiambalo swofana na ti carpets, rugs, shawls, swikhafu leswi endliweke kusuka eka voya kumbe silk swinga va swihlawulekisi leswi dumeke swaku xaviseriwa matiko yale handle. 3. Switirhisiwa swo Aka: Loko Afghanistan yi ya emahlweni yi pfuxeta switirhisiwa swa yona, switirhisiwa swo aka swo fana na semende, tibara ta nsimbi, tithayile/marbles/granites leti tirhisiwaka ku funengeta ehansi kumbe ku funengeta marhangu swi na vuswikoti lebyinene eka makete. 4. Vumaki bya mavoko: Vutshila bya mavoko bya le Afghanistan byi tsakela ku duma swinene laha tikweni na le matikweni ya misava hikwalaho ka tipulani ta byona to hlawuleka na vutshila bya byona. Swilo swofana na vumba/ceramics (leswi endliwaka hiku tirhisa tindlela ta ndzhavuko), ntirho wa mapulanga/swivatli/fanichara kusuka eka ti walnut kumbe mulberry wood swilaviwa swinene. 5. Switirhisiwa swa Migodi: Afghanistan yina switirhisiwa swotala swa timinerali kukatsa na copper ore/ingots/nuggets/bilets/alloys/plates/sheets/strips/wires exikarhi ka swin’wana swotala leswinga rhumeriwaka ematikweni mambe kuya hi milawu ya mabindzu ya matiko ya misava. 6. Mirhi/Switirhisiwa swa Vutshunguri: Sekithara ya nhlayiso wa rihanyo eAfghanistan yi lava mirhi ya khwalithi - ngopfungopfu swidlaya-switsongwatsongwana/switlhavelo/switlhavi –xikan’we na switirhisiwa swa vutshunguri swo fana na michini yo kambela/switirhisiwa swo fana na michini ya x-rheyi/switirhisiwa swa ultrasonography(Echocardiogram)/tikhiti ta PPE swi nga va na vuswikoti swixavisiwa leswi rhumeriwaka ematikweni mambe. 7.Switirhisiwa swa Sekithara ya Eneji - Hi ku nyikiwa matshalatshala lama kulaka ya vumaki eka tisekithara ta eneji swintshuxo swa eneji leyi pfuxetiwaka/switirhisiwa/switirhisiwa(dyambu/moya/biogas) swi na vuswikoti lebyinene. 8. Switirhisiwa swa Elektroniki swa Vatirhisi: Ku laveka ka swilo swa elektroniki swo fana na ti-smartphone, tilaptop, switirhisiwa swa le kaya swo fana na tifiriji, tithelevhixini, na tisisiteme ta mpfumawulo swi andza hi xihatla exikarhi ka vaaki va le madorobeni. 9. Vukorhokeri bya Dyondzo: Ku nyika swintshuxo swa dyondzo ya xielekitironiki eka dyondzo ya le kule eka tindhawu leti mfikelelo wa swikolo wu nga nyawuriki swi nga va nkarhi wa bindzu lowu vuyerisaka. Tsundzuka ku endla ndzavisiso wa makete na ku xopaxopa swilaveko swa vatirhisi nkarhi na nkarhi. Ku hluvukisa tinetiweki to tiya ta ku hangalasiwa na ku pfumelelana na ku tsakela ka ndhavuko wa laha kaya swi ta pfuna ku simeka vukona lebyi humelelaka eka makete wa mabindzu ya le handle wa Afghanistan.

Afghanistan i tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle eAsia Dzonga leri tivekaka hi ndzhaka ya rona leyi fuweke ya ndhavuko ni matimu ya rona lama nga ni mpfilumpfilu. Loko swi ta eka ku twisisa swihlawulekisi swa vaxavi na swipimelo eAfghanistan, tinhla to hlayanyana ta nkoka ti fanele ku tekeriwa enhlokweni. Swihlawulekisi swa Vaxavi: 1. Ku amukela vaendzi: Vanhu va le Afghanistan va tiveka hi malwandla ya vona yo kufumela ni ku hanana eka vaendzi. Swi tolovelekile leswaku va rhamba vaendzi emakaya ya vona va tlhela va va nyika tiya kumbe swakudya. 2. Vuxaka lebyi tiyeke bya vaaki: Vanhu va le Afghanistan va ni ku twisisa loku tiyeke ka mimpimanyeto ya vaaki ni ya ndyangu. Hakanyingi ku endla swiboho swi katsa ku vulavurisana ni vakulu kumbe ku lava mpfumelelo eka swirho swa ndyangu. 3. Ku xixima vulawuri: Hi ntolovelo vanhu va le Afghanistan va xixima swinene vanhu lava nga ni vulawuri, vo tanihi vatswari, varhangeri va vukhongeri ni vatirhela-mfumo. 4. Ndhavuko wa nkoka: Mikhuva ya ndhavuko yi tekiwa yi ri ya nkoka swinene eAfghanistan, ku katsa na ririmi, switayele swa swiambalo (ku fana na swiambalo swa ndhavuko swa le Afghanistan), vuyimbeleri, swivumbeko swa ncino swo fana na Attan, na mikhuva ya vukhongeri. Swileriso swa Ndhavuko: 1. Vukhongeri: Vuislem i vukhongeri lebyikulu eAfghanistan lebyi nga ni mikhuva yo tika ya vukhongeri leyi landzeriwaka hi vaaki vo tala. I swa nkoka ku xixima ripfumelo leri na ku papalata mahanyelo wahi na wahi yo pfumala xichavo eka vukhongeri kumbe vanhu va vukhongeri. 2. Mintirho ya rimbewu: Mintirho ya rimbewu ya ndhavuko yi tele eka vaaki va le Afghanistan; vavasati va languteriwe ku namarhela milawu ya maambalelo leyi ringaneleke ni ku langutela ko karhi ka vaaki malunghana ni mahanyelo. 3. Ndhawu ya munhu hi xiyexe: Ku hlangana ka miri exikarhi ka vavanuna na vavasati lava nga riki na vuxaka ku nga tekiwa hi ndlela yo biha handle ka loko ku sunguriwile hi munhu wa rimbewu rin’we eka xiyimo lexi faneleke. 4.Ti papalata ku burisana hi tinhlokomhaka leti nga na njhekanjhekisano erivaleni ku fana na tipolitiki kumbe timhaka leti nga na vuxiyaxiya leti fambelanaka na mikhuva ya ndhawu leyi nga hlohlotelaka ku nonoka ka vaaki. I swa nkoka ku tshinelela vuhlanganisi bya mabindzu hi ku va na vuxiyaxiya eka ndhavuko wa Afghanistan loko u ri karhi u hlayisa swihlawulekisi leswi na swipimelo emiehleketweni leswaku u nga khunguvanyisi munhu hi vomu

Endlelo ra vulawuri bya swibalo eAfghanistan ri hoxa xandla swinene eku lawuleni ka mabindzu ya matiko ya misava na ku hlayisa mindzilakano ya tiko. Leswaku ku tiyisisiwa vulawuri lebyi faneleke bya nhundzu na vanhu lava nghenaka kumbe ku huma eAfghanistan, maendlelo yo karhi na milawu ya tirhisiwa eka tindhawu to kambela ta customs. Xo sungula, vaendzi lava nghenaka eAfghanistan va fanele ku va na pasi leri tirhaka leri nga na vhisa leyi faneleke. Swikahle ku kambela swilaveko swa sweswinyana swa vhisa loko unga se ya eAfghanistan tani hileswi swinga hambana kuya hi rixaka ra munhu na xikongomelo xo endzela. Vafambi va nga ha tlhela va boheka ku tata fomo yo nghenela loko va fika. Eka tindhawu to tsemakanya mindzilakano, mindzhwalo hinkwayo yi kamberiwa hi customs. I swa nkoka leswaku vafambi va tivisa swilo swihi na swihi leswi lavaka nyingiso wo hlawuleka swo tanihi swibamu, swidzidziharisi kumbe mali yo tala. Ku tsandzeka ku endla tano swi nga ha vanga ku tekeriwa swilo kumbe vuyelo bya le nawini. Afghanistan yi tirhisa swibalo eka ku xavisiwa ka swilo leswi humaka ematikweni mambe na leswi rhumeriwaka ematikweni mambe hi ku ya hi xedulu ya yona ya tihakelo. Nhundzu hinkwayo leyi nghenaka kumbe leyi humaka etikweni yi nga ha hakerisiwa swibalo handle ka loko yi ntshunxiwile ehansi ka milawu yo karhi. Hikwalaho, i swa nkoka leswaku vanhu lava katsekaka eka mabindzu na Afghanistan va landzelela milawu leyi na ku tivisa hi ku kongoma nhundzu ya vona hi nkarhi wa maendlelo yo basisa. Loko va rhumela swilo swa nkoka swa vutshila kumbe swilo swa ndhavuko ku suka eAfghanistan, vafambi va boheka hi nawu ku kuma mpfumelelo lowu lavekaka eka valawuri lava faneleke ka ha ri emahlweni. Ku rhumeriwa ka swilo swo tano swi nga ri enawini swi nga endla leswaku ku xupuriwa swinene. Ku engetela kwalaho, swa fanela ku xiya leswaku magoza ya vuhlayiseki eka tindhawu to kambela ta customs ta Afghanistan ya tika hikwalaho ka minxungeto leyi nga vaka kona leyi vangiwaka hi migingiriko ya ku ngungumerisa na ku vilela hi vutherorisi endzeni ka xifundzankulu. Vafambi va fanele ku tirhisana hi ku hetiseka na vaofisiri va customs hi nkarhi wa ku kambela na ku landzelela swiletelo hi vukheta handle ko kaneta. Hi ku gimeta, lava va kunguhataka maendzo kumbe ku nghenela mabindzu ya matiko ya misava na Afghanistan va fanele ku tekela enhlokweni swilaveko swa yona swa sisiteme ya vulawuri bya swibalo leswi katsaka ku va na tivhisa leti faneleke, ku tivisa swilo leswi siveleriweke loko va nghena/huma etikweni hi ku kongoma, ku namarhela swinene milawu ya tihakelo mayelana na ku nghenisa/ku rhumela ehandle,na ku landzelela hi ku helela hi ku kamberiwa loku endliweke eka tindhawu to kambela ta ntolovelo hikwalaho ka ku cinca ka migingiriko ya vutherorisi eka swifundzha leswi loko hi ri karhi hi tsundzuka leswaku swilo swa nkoka swa vutshila na swilo swa ndhavuko swa laveka swilaveko swo engetela swo pfumelela ku rhumeriwa ematikweni mambe.

Pholisi ya xibalo xa swilo leswi humaka ematikweni mambe ya Afghanistan yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eku lawuleni ka mabindzu na ku tumbuluxa mali eka tiko. Mfumo wu veka swibalo swa customs eka nhundzu leyi humaka ematikweni mambe hi ku ya hi ku hlawuriwa ka yona eka swiyenge swo hambana. Mpimo wa xibalo xa ku xavisa hi ku angarhela eAfghanistan i 2.5%, handle ka switirhisiwa swin’wana swo karhi leswi nga na mpimo wa le henhla. Hambiswiritano, swilo swokarhi swa nkoka swofana na swakudya, mirhi, na switirhisiwa swa vurimi swi ntshunxiwile eka swibalo swo xavisa ku tiyisisa leswaku swi kumeka hi minxavo leyi ringaneleke. Ku engetela eka xibalo xa xisekelo xa ku nghenisa, Afghanistan yi tirhisa swibalo swo engetela na tihakelo eka nhundzu yo karhi. Xikombiso, xibalo xa nkoka lowu engeteriweke (VAT) xa 10% xi hakeriwa eka swilo swa xiyimo xa le henhla leswi humaka ematikweni mambe swo fana na timovha na switirhisiwa swa elektroniki. Ku hlohlotela vuhumelerisi bya laha kaya na ku sirhelela tiindasitiri ta laha kaya, Afghanistan yi tlhela yi veka swibalo swo lwisana na ku lahliwa ka nhundzu eka nhundzu leyi xavisiwaka ehansi ka ntsengo wa vuhumelerisi kumbe ku xavisiwa hi nxavo wa le hansi swinene, leswi pfunetaka ku sivela mphikizano lowu nga lulamangiki ku suka eka timakete ta le handle. Ku ya emahlweni, Afghanistan yi simekile mintwanano ya mabindzu yo hlawuleka na matiko ya vaakelani yo fana na Iran na Pakistan leyi hi yona va nyikaka tihakelo leti hungutiweke kumbe ku tshikiwa eka nhundzu yo karhi ku tlakusa mabindzu ya miganga. Swi fanerile ku xiya leswaku maendlelo ya ku basisiwa ka customs ya tlanga xiave xa nkoka eku sindziseni ka tipholisi leti ta xibalo. Ku nghenisiwa ka nhundzu swi fanele ku hundza eka ku kamberiwa loku faneleke ka matsalwa laha vaofisiri va khastomo va kambelaka nkoka wa nhundzu leyi humaka ematikweni mambe hi swikongomelo swa xibalo. Hi ku gimeta, pholisi ya xibalo xa le handle xa Afghanistan yi katsa mpimo wa tihakelo hi ku angarhela wa 2.5% na ku ntshunxiwa eka swilo swa nkoka. Swibalo swo engetela swo fana na VAT swi nga tirha eka nhundzu ya xiyimo xa le henhla kasi magoza yo lwisana na ku lahliwa ka swilo ma sirhelela tiindasitiri ta laha kaya. Mintwanano ya mabindzu yo hlawuleka yi kona na matiko ya vaakelani ku olovisa mabindzu ya miganga.

Pholisi ya xibalo xa swixavisiwa swa ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe ya Afghanistan yi kongomisa ku seketela na ku tlakusa ku kula ka ikhonomi ya yona hi ku hakela xibalo xa nhundzu yo hambana. Tiko ngopfungopfu ri titshege hi swikumiwa swa vurimi, timinerali, na switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko ku rhumela ematikweni mambe, hi ku kongomisa eka ku engetela mali leyi nghenaka loko ku ri karhi ku tiyisisiwa maendlelo ya mabindzu lama lulameke. Ehansi ka nawu wa Afghanistan, vaxavisi va le handle va boheka ku hakela swibalo swo karhi ku ya hi muxaka wa nhundzu leyi rhumeriwaka ematikweni mambe. Swibalo leswi swi pfuneta ku tumbuluxa mali eka mfumo na ku hoxa xandla eka nhluvukiso wa switirhisiwa na vukorhokeri bya mfumo. Switirhisiwa swa vurimi swofana na mihandzu, matsavu, tinyawa, na cotton switala ku langutana na mimpimo yale hansi ya xibalo kumbe ku ntshunxiwa ku hlohletela ku xaviseriwa matiko yale handle xikan’we naku phikizana eka timakete ta matiko ya misava. Qhinga leri ri kongomisa eka ku tlakusa ku hoxa xandla ka vurimi eka ikhonomi ya Afghanistan loko ri ri karhi ri hlohlotela nhluvukiso wa le makaya. Hi tlhelo rin’wana, timinerali tofana na copper ore, maribye ya risima yofana na emeralds kumbe lapis lazuli, malahla, gasi ya ntumbuluko kumbe switirhisiwa leswi endliweke hi oyili hi xitalo swiva na swibalo swale henhla hikokwalaho ka nkoka wa swona lowu nga vaka wa nkoka eka ikhonomi. Ku tirhisa ku engeteleriwa ka mimpimo ya xibalo swi pfuneta ku tiyisisa leswaku switirhisiwa leswi swa nkoka swi vuyerisa matshalatshala yo aka rixaka na ku tiyisisa ku tshamiseka ka ikhonomi ya nkarhi wo leha. I swa nkoka ku xiya leswaku valawuri va Afghanistan nkarhi na nkarhi va kambisisa tipholisi leti ta xibalo hi ku ya hi swiyimo swa makete na swilo leswi rhangisaka emahlweni swa rixaka. Ku pfuxetiwa loku ku kongomisa eka ku kuma ku ringanisela exikarhi ka ku tlakusa ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe loko ku ri karhi ku humelerisa mimbuyelo leyi ringaneleke eka mintirho ya nkoka ya mfumo. Hi ku angarhela, Afghanistan yi kandziyisa maendlelo ya mabindzu lama lulameke lama fambelanaka na swiyimo swa matiko ya misava eka pholisi ya yona ya xibalo xa nhundzu yo rhumela ematikweni mambe. Xikongomelo a hi ntsena ku tlakusa mali kambe na ku tiyisisa swivandlanene leswi ringanaka swa mfikelelo wa makete na mphikizano wa misava hinkwayo hi ku fambisana na tindlela ta ku kula ka ikhonomi loku nga heriki.

Afghanistan, leyi kumekaka e Dzongeni wa Asia, i tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle leri nga na matimu yo humelerisa nhundzu yo hambana hambana ku tirhisiwa laha kaya na mabindzu ya matiko ya misava. Ku tiyisisa khwalithi na vuhlayiseki bya swixavisiwa swa yona, Afghanistan yi tirhisile sisiteme ya xitifikheti xa ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe. Xitifikheti xa ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe eAfghanistan xi katsa magoza yo hlaya lawa vaxavisi va ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe va faneleke ku ma landzelela. Xo sungula, vaxavisi va le handle va fanele ku tsarisa bindzu ra vona eka Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ACCI). Endlelo leri ro tsarisa ri pfuneta ku lawula na ku langutisisa migingiriko ya ku rhumela ematikweni mambe etikweni. Xavumbirhi, vaxavisi va le handle va boheka ku kuma switifikheti swohambana hambana kuya hi muxaka wa switirhisiwa leswi va lavaka ku swi rhumela ematikweni mambe. Xikombiso, switirhisiwa swa vurimi swilava switifikheti swa phytosanitary leswi humesiweke hi Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock (MAIL). Xitifikheti lexi xi tiyisisa leswaku nhundzu ya vurimi yi fikelela swipimelo swa rihanyo swa matiko ya misava eka switsotswana na mavabyi. Ku engetela kwalaho, eka switirhisiwa leswi endliweke eAfghan swo fana na swiambalo kumbe switirhisiwa swa mavoko leswi lavaka ku xiximiwa ka matiko ya misava eka ntiyiso wa swona kumbe swikoxo swa masungulo, vaxavisi va le handle va nga endla xikombelo xa xitifikheti xa Swikombiso swa Ntivo-misava (GI). Xitifikheti xa GI xi tiyisisa leswaku swihlawulekisi swo karhi kumbe timfanelo ta xiendliwa swi vangiwa hi masungulo ya xona ya ntivo-misava endzeni ka Afghanistan. Ku tlula kwalaho, tiindasitiri tin’wana ti nga ha tlhela ti lava switifikheti swa ku fambisana ku kombisa ku landzeleriwa ka milawu yo karhi ya xithekiniki kumbe swipimelo leswi vekiweke hi matiko lama xavisaka swilo leswi humaka ematikweni mambe. Switifikheti leswi swi tirha tanihi vumbhoni bya leswaku nhundzu leyi rhumeriwaka ematikweni mambe yi hetisisa swilaveko swa vuhlayiseki leswi fambelanaka na tindlela ta vulawuri bya khwalithi kumbe magoza ya nsirhelelo wa mbango. Xo hetelela, loko va nga si rhumela swixavisiwa swihi kumbe swihi ehandle ka mindzilakano ya Afghanistan, vaxavisi va fanele ku hetisa maendlelo ya customs eka tindhawu to kambela endzilakaneni laha matsalwa yo fana na ti-invoice ta mabindzu na minxaxamelo yo paka ya kamberiwa hi vukheta hi vatirhela-mfumo va customs. Hi ku gimeta, xitifikheti xa ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe xi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eku tiyisiseni leswaku ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe ka Afghanistan ku fikelela swipimelo swa misava hinkwayo. Hi ku tsarisa kahle na ACCI na ku kuma switifikheti leswi faneleke swo fana na switifikheti swa phytosanitary kumbe switifikheti swa GI loko swi fanerile), vaxavisi va le Afghanistan va hoxa xandla eka ku aka ku tshembana exikarhi ka vaxavi va matiko ya misava loko va ri karhi va tlakusa switirhisiwa swa vona leswi endliweke laha tikweni ematikweni mambe.

Afghanistan, tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle leri kumekaka eAsia Xikarhi, ri tiveka hi ndhawu ya rona leyi nga ni swiganga ni matimu ya rona lama fuweke ya ndhavuko. Hambi leswi ku nga na mintlhontlho leyi vangiwaka hi ku nga tshamiseki ka tipolitiki loku yaka emahlweni na ku vilela hi vuhlayiseki, ka ha ri na tindlela to hambana ta vukorhokeri bya vutleketli etikweni. Loko swi ta emhakeni yo rhumela nhundzu eAfghanistan, yin’wana ya tindlela leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu i ku rhwala nhundzu hi xihaha-mpfhuka. Rivala ra Swihahampfhuka ra Matiko Hinkwawo ra Hamid Karzai eKabul ri tirha tanihi ndhawu yo sungula yo nghena eka yona ya ndzhwalo wa matiko hinkwawo. Tikhamphani to hlaya ta swihahampfhuka ta ndzhwalo to fana na DHL, FedEx, na UPS ti fambisa swihahampfhuka swa nkarhi na nkarhi ku ya eAfghanistan, leswi fambisaka matirhelo ya kahle yo nghenisa na ku rhumela ehandle. Hambileswi ku rhwala nhundzu hi xihaha-mpfhuka swi nga durhaka, swi nyikela minkarhi yo hatlisa yo hundzisela naswona swi faneleka ngopfu eka ku rhumeriwa loku nga ni nkarhi kumbe loku nga ni nkoka lowukulu. Eka nhundzu leyikulu kumbe ku rhumeriwa ka nhundzu hi xitalo, ku rhwala nhundzu elwandle ku nga va ndlela leyi tirhaka. Ku famba-famba ematikweni ya vaakelani yo fana na Iran kumbe Pakistan swi nga ha laveka ku ya hi masungulo kumbe laha ndzhwalo wu yaka kona. Ribuwa ra Karachi e Pakistan ritala kutirhisiwa ku rhumela nhundzu leyi yaka e Afghanistan hiku tirhisa vutleketli bya le magondzweni kusuka emadorobeni yale ndzilakaneni ya Pakistan yofana na Peshawar kumbe Quetta. Hi mayelana na vutleketli bya laha kaya endzeni ka Afghanistan hi yoxe, vutleketli bya le magondzweni byi tlanga xiave xa nkoka hikwalaho ka switirhisiwa swa swiporo leswi nga nyawuriki. Tikhamphani ta tilori ta laha kaya ti nyika vukorhokeri bya vutleketli eka swifundzankulu swo hambana endzeni ka tiko. Hambiswiritano, i swa nkoka ku tekela enhlokweni makhombo ya vuhlayiseki lama fambelanaka na maendzo ya le magondzweni na ku thola vaphakeri va vukorhokeri bya vutleketli lava tshembekaka lava nga na vutivi bya ku cinca ka miganga. Ku ya emahlweni, ku tlhela ku va na matshalatshala lama humelelaka ku ya eku hluvukiseni ka tinetiweki ta swiporo leti hlanganisaka matiko ya vaakelani yo fana na Uzbekistan na Turkmenistan ku olovisa tindlela ta mabindzu hi le Afghanistan enkarhini lowu taka. Ku tiyisisa ku pfumeleriwa ka swibalo hi ku olova na ku landzeleriwa ka milawu ya laha kaya loko ku nghenisiwa nhundzu eAfghanistan, ku thola tifemeni ta vuxavisi bya swibalo leswi tivekaka swi nga pfuna ku fambisa maendlelo ya vukorhokeri hi ndlela leyinene. Hi ku angarhela hambileswi ku nga na mintlhontlho leyi fambelanaka na timhaka ta vuhlayiseki na nhluvukiso wa switirhisiwa leswi nga nyawuriki; ku rhwala nhundzu hi xihahampfhuka hi le rivaleni ra swihahampfhuka ra Kabul swi nyika ndlela leyi tirhaka kahle eka vutleketli bya matiko ya misava loko tindlela ta vutleketli bya le magondzweni ta laha kaya ti khathalela swilaveko swa ku hangalasiwa ka laha kaya endzeni ka tiko. I swa nkoka ku endla ndzavisiso lowu heleleke eka vaphakeri va vutleketli lava tivekaka u nga si ya emahlweni na ku rhumeriwa kwihi na kwihi ku nghena kumbe ku huma eAfghanistan, ku tekela enhlokweni swilo swo fana na ntokoto eka xifundzha, magoza ya vuhlayiseki, na ku namarhela milawu ya laha kaya. Ku veka tihlo eka xiyimo xa tipolitiki na ku burisana na tiphurofexinali leti toloveleke mbangu wa vutleketli bya Afghanistan na swona swi nga pfuna ku tiyisisa matirhelo ya mabindzu lama humelelaka etikweni.

Minkombiso ya nkoka ya mabindzu

Afghanistan, located in Central Asia, offers various development channels and exhibitions for international buyers to engage in trade and business opportunities. This article will discuss some of the significant international procurement avenues and exhibitions in Afghanistan. 1. Kabul International Trade Fair: The Kabul International Trade Fair is one of the most prominent events in Afghanistan, attracting numerous international buyers seeking business opportunities within the country. This exhibition showcases a wide range of products such as textiles, machinery, electronics, construction materials, food products, and much more. It is an excellent platform for connecting with Afghan businesses and exploring potential partnerships. 2. Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industries (ACCI): The Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industries plays a crucial role in promoting trade between Afghanistan and the rest of the world. It facilitates networking among local businesses while also providing information on export-import policies, market analysis reports, investment opportunities, etc. International buyers can connect with ACCI to identify reliable suppliers or explore potential collaborations. 3. Ministry of Commerce & Industry (MoCI): The Ministry of Commerce & Industry is responsible for formulating trade policies aimed at stimulating economic growth through domestic production and foreign investments. International buyers can cooperate with MoCI to navigate legal procedures related to import-export licenses or gain insights into market trends. 4. Export Promotion Agency (EPAA): The Export Promotion Agency serves as a bridge between Afghan producers/exporters and international buyers/investors by promoting Afghan products worldwide through participation in various events like trade fairs/exhibitions outside Afghanistan or organizing buyer-seller meets within the country itself. 5. USAID Promote Program: USAID's Promote program focuses on economic empowerment initiatives for women entrepreneurs in Afghanistan who often face challenges regarding access to markets or resources required for business expansion. Through this program's networking events/seminars focused on women-led enterprises across different sectors such as agriculture/textiles/handicrafts/services – international buyers can identify potential partners while contributing to women's economic empowerment. 6. Agriculture Exhibitions: Afghanistan is known for its agricultural produce such as saffron, fruits, nuts, and spices. Therefore, agricultural exhibitions like the AgFair provide a platform for international buyers looking to procure high-quality Afghan agricultural products directly from local farmers and producers. 7. Natural Resource and Mining Exhibitions: Given Afghanistan's substantial deposits of natural resources like minerals such as copper, iron ore, and precious stones, exhibitions like the International MineExpo focus on highlighting investment opportunities in the mining sector. International buyers interested in sourcing raw materials or investing in mining projects can participate in these exhibitions. It is essential to note that due to security concerns or logistical challenges related to infrastructure development in Afghanistan, some exhibitions/events may have limited availability or fluctuating schedules. International buyers are advised to stay updated with reliable sources like embassy websites or trade association portals regarding upcoming events/exhibitions before planning their business visits. In conclusion, Afghanistan offers several significant international procurement channels through its trade fairs/exhibitions like the Kabul International Trade Fair and specific agencies/institutions such as ACCI or MoCI dedicated to promoting bilateral trade partnerships. By engaging with these platforms effectively, international buyers can explore diverse business opportunities across various sectors within this dynamic Central Asian nation.

Tinjhini to lavisisa leti tolovelekeke

Le Afghanistan, tinjhini to lavisisa leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu hi leti landzelaka: 1. Google: Tanihi njhini yo lavisisa leyi dumeke swinene emisaveni hinkwayo, Google yi tirhisiwa ngopfu eAfghanistan na yona. Yi nyika nxaxamelo lowukulu wa mimbuyelo naswona yi nyika vuhundzuluxeri bya laha kaya bya matiko yo karhi. Vuhundzuluxi bya Xiafghan byi nga kumiwa eka www.google.com.af. 2. Bing: Yi endliwe hi Microsoft, Bing i njhini yin’wana yo lavisisa leyi tirhisiwaka ngopfu eAfghanistan. Yi nyika ntirho wo lavisisa eka webu xikan’we na swihlawulekisi swo fana na ku lavisisa swifaniso na vhidiyo. U nga yi fikelela eka www.bing.com. 3. Yahoo: Hambileswi yi nga tsakeriwiki ku fana na Google kumbe Bing, Yahoo ya ha hlayisa vukona eka makete wa tinjhini to lavisisa ta le Afghanistan. Yi nyika vukorhokeri byo hambana ku fana na imeyili, mahungu, timali, naswona hakunene xivumbeko xo lavisisa webu na xona. Vuhundzuluxi bya yona bya Xiafghan byi nga kumiwa eka www.yahoo.com.af. 4. Ku lavisisa ka AOL: AOL (America Online) yi tlhela yi va na njhini yo lavisisa leyi tirhisiwaka hi vatirhisi va inthanete eAfghanistan ku kuma vuxokoxoko eka webu. U nga yi kuma eka www.search.aol.com. 5 DuckDuckGo: Yi tiveka hi ndlela ya yona leyi kongomisiweke eka vuhlayiseki bya vuxokoxoko byo lavisisa inthanete handle ko hlengeleta vuxokoxoko bya munhu hi xiyexe eka vatirhisi, DuckDuckGo yi kuma ndhuma emisaveni hinkwayo ku katsa na le ndzeni ka Afghanistan. Endzela webusayiti ya vona eka www.duckduckgo.com. 6 Naver: Pulatifomo ya inthanete ya le Korea Dzonga leyi nga na njhini yo lavisisa leyi tiyeke leyi tirhaka tanihi yin’wana ya tindlela letikulu eka vatirhisi va le Afghanistan lava tsakelaka ku lavisisa loku simekiweke eKorea kumbe lava lavaka swilo swa xifundzha swa le Asia leswi fambelanaka na Korea na tindhawu tin’wana leti fambelanaka na swona - leswi fikelelaka hi ku tirhisa naver ya yona ya le kaya .com Leti i tinjhini tin’wana to lavisisa leti tolovelekeke na leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu eAfghanistan leti nyikaka mfikelelo eka tiwebsite to hambana leti sekeriweke eka swivutiso swa vatirhisi na ku tsakela.

Matluka lamakulu yo tshwuka

Le Afghanistan, xihlovo lexikulu xa matluka yo tshwuka ngopfu-ngopfu hi ku tirhisa tidayirekitara ta le ka Internet. Tidayirekitara leti ti nyika vuxokoxoko bya vuhlanganisi bya mabindzu, tinhlengeletano, na vanhu eka swiyenge swo hambana etikweni hinkwaro. Hi leti tin’wana ta tiwebsite letikulu ta matluka yo tshwuka eAfghanistan: 1. Matluka yo Tshwuka ya Kabul: Website leyi yi nyikela nxaxamelo lowu heleleke wa mabindzu ya le Kabul ni le madorobeni man’wana lamakulu ya le Afghanistan. Yi katsa swiyenge swo hambana ku katsa na tihotela, tirhesiturente, swibedlhele, swikolo, tikhamphani to aka, na swin’wana. Webusayiti: www.kabulyellowpages.com 2. Afghan Biz: Afghan Biz i xikombo xa inthanete lexi nyikaka vuxokoxoko bya mabindzu lama tirhaka eAfghanistan hinkwaro. Yi katsa swiyenge swo fana na vurimi, vukorhokeri bya mimovha, tibangi na timali, tisenthara ta dyondzo, tiejensi ta vupfhumba na swin’wana swo tala. Website: www.afghanbiz.com 3. Arian Online Yellow Pages: Arian Online Yellow Pages i yin’wana ya tidayirekitara ta inthanete leti rhangelaka leti kongomisaka eka vuhlanganisi bya bindzu na bindzu eAfghanistan. Yi nyika swixavisiwa swa tiindasitiri to hambana ku fana na vaphakeri va vukorhokeri bya vuhlanganisi bya riqingho, vaendli/vaphakeri/vaxavisi va swikumiwa/vukorhokeri byo hambana na swin’wana. Website: www.mapheji ya yellowpagesafghanistan.net 4. Manta Afghanistan: Manta i xikombo xa misava hinkwayo xa inthanete lexi tlhelaka xi tirha tanihi pulatifomo ya matluka yo tshwuka leyi hlanganisaka mabindzu yo hambana emisaveni hinkwayo ku katsa na lawa ya tirhaka endzeni ka mindzilakano ya Afghanistan. Website; www.manta.com/misava/Asia-na-Pacific/Afghanistan/ 5. Matluka yo Tshwuka hi EasyFind.af : EasyFind.af yi nyika xiyenge xo anama xa matluka yo tshwuka lexi kombisaka swiyenge swo tala leswi nga na nxaxamelo wa vuxokoxoko ku suka eka swifundzha swo hambana eAfghanistan. Webusayiti : www.easyfind.af/ts/ hi ku olova. Tiwebsite leti ti nyika tindlela to lavisisa leti pfumelelaka vatirhisi ku kuma swikumiwa kumbe vukorhokeri byo karhi lebyi va byi lavaka xikan’we na vuxokoxoko bya vuhlanganisi byo fana na tinomboro ta riqingho kumbe tiadirese. Hi kombela u xiya leswaku tiwebsite leti ti nga cinca kumbe ku engeteriwa hi ku famba ka nkarhi; hikokwalaho swa antswa ku endzela tipulatifomo ta vona hi ku kongoma ku kuma vuxokoxoko lebyi kongomeke na bya nkarhi wa sweswi eka matluka yo tshwuka ya Afghanistan.

Tipulatifomo letikulu ta mabindzu

Ku na tipulatifomo to hlayanyana letikulu ta e-commerce eAfghanistan. Laha, ndzi ta xaxameta tin’wana ta tona swin’we ni tiadirese ta tona ta webusayiti: 1. Makete wa le ka Inthanete wa Afghanistan (www.afghanistanonlinemarket.com) . Pulatifomo leyi yi nyika switirhisiwa swo hambana hambana ku katsa na swa elektroniki, fexeni, switirhisiwa swa le kaya, na swin’wana. Yi nyika vuhlanganisi lebyi olovaka ku tirhisa na tindlela to hakela leti sirhelelekeke. 2. Mabindzu ya Xielekitironiki ya le Afghanistan (afgcommerce.com) . Afghan E-Commerce i yin’wana ya tindhawu to xavisa ta inthanete leti rhangelaka eAfghanistan. Yi nyikela hi swilo swo hambana-hambana swo tanihi swiambalo, swa elektroniki, swilo swo sasekisa ni switirhisiwa swa mintlangu. 3. Ku Xava ka Inthanete eKabul (www.kabulonlineshopping.com) . Pulatifomo leyi yi pfumelela vatirhisi ku xava swilo swo hambana ku katsa na swiambalo, switirhisiwa, switirhisiwa swo khavisa ekaya, na switirhisiwa swa le khixini. Yi nyika vukorhokeri byo olova byo rhumela emadorobeni lamakulu eAfghanistan. 4. Xihlamusela-marito xa Aryanbazaar (https://www.aryanbazaar.com/) Aryanbazaar i pulatifomo ya e-commerce leyi kongomisaka eka ku nyika switirhisiwa swa ntiyiso swa Afghanistan swo fana na vuhlalu, swilo swa swiambalo swa ndhavuko swo fana na swiambalo swa Pashtun na majazi ya vavanuna lama vuriwaka "Khet Partoog", mintirho ya mavoko leyi endliweke hi vatirhi va mavoko va laha kaya. 5. BazarOnlineAfghanistan (https://www.p.org/) BazarOnlineAfghanistan i pulatifomo yo xava eka inthanete leyi nyikaka swiyenge swo hambana swa swikumiwa swo fana na swiambalo swa fexeni swa vavanuna na vavasati ku katsa na swiambalo leswi endliweke laha tikweni leswi tivekaka tanihi "swiambalo swa Afghani," switirhisiwa swa elektroniki swo fana na ti-smartphone & tithebulete xikan'we na switirhisiwa swa le kaya. I swa nkoka ku xiya leswaku ikhosisteme ya e-commerce eAfghanistan ya ha hluvuka; hikokwalaho, ndzhawu ya yona yinga cinca hiku famba ka nkarhi na lava ha ku nghenaka lava nghenelaka makete.

Tipulatifomo letikulu ta swihangalasamahungu swa le ka social media

Afghanistan i tiko ro hambana hambana leri nga na mpimo lowu kulaka wa ku nghena ka inthanete. Hambileswi tipulatifomo ta swihangalasamahungu swa le ka social media ti nga hangalakangiki ku fana ni le matikweni man’wana, ka ha ri ni tipulatifomo to hlayanyana leti dumeke leti vanhu va le Afghanistan va ti tirhisaka ku hlanganisa ni ku avelana rungula. Hi leti tin’wana ta tipulatifomo ta vuhlanganisi bya le ka social media leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu eAfghanistan, kun’we na tiwebsite ta tona leti fambelanaka na tona: 1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Facebook handle ko kanakana i pulatifomo ya social media leyi dumeke swinene emisaveni hinkwayo, ku katsa na Afghanistan. Yi pfumelela vatirhisi ku tihlanganisa na vanghana na ndyangu, ku avelana swifaniso na tivhidiyo, ku joyina mintlawa kumbe swiendlakalo, na ku landzelela matluka ya mahungu. 2. Twitter (www.twitter.com): Twitter i pulatifomo yin’wana leyi tirhisiwaka ngopfu eAfghanistan eka ku pfuxetiwa ka nkarhi wa xiviri eka tinhlokomhaka to hambana, ku katsa na mahungu, tipolitiki, vuhungasi, mintlangu, na swin’wana. Vatirhisi va nga veka marungula yo koma lama tiviwaka tanihi ti- tweet lama nga tsakeriwaka kumbe ku averiwa hi van’wana. 3. Instagram (www.instagram.com): Instagram i pulatifomo yo avelana swifaniso laha vatirhisi va nga uploadaka swifaniso kumbe tivhidiyo to koma leti fambisanaka na ti captions na ti hashtags. Yi kume ndhuma eka vantshwa va le Afghanistan hi ku kombisa vutumbuluxi bya vona hi ku tirhisa swilo leswi voniwaka. 4. LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): LinkedIn i pulatifomo ya vuhlanganisi bya xiphurofexinali leyi tirhisiwaka ngopfu hi vanhu lava lavaka ku ndlandlamuxa vuhlanganisi bya vona bya xiphurofexinali. Yi endla leswaku vatirhisi va kota ku tumbuluxa tiphrofayili leti kombisaka ndhavuko wa vona wa dyondzo na ntokoto wa ntirho loko va ri karhi va tihlanganisa na vatirhikulobye ku suka eka tiindasitiri to hambana. 5. YouTube (www.youtube.com): YouTube yi nyika nhlengeleto lowukulu wa swilo swa vhidiyo leswi endliweke hi vanhu kumbe tinhlengeletano emisaveni hinkwayo - ku suka eka tivhidiyo ta vuyimbeleri ku ya eka tidyondzo ta dyondzo - leswi endlaka leswaku yi duma swinene eka vatirhisi va le Afghanistan lava lavaka vuhungasi kumbe swikongomelo swa dyondzo. 6 . WhatsApp: WhatsApp yi nyika vukorhokeri bya marungula ya xihatla xikan’we na ku bela riqingho hi rito na ku burisana hi vhidiyo eka vuhlanganisi bya munhu hi xiyexe kumbe mabulo ya ntlawa hi vuhlanganisi bya inthanete. 7 . Viber: Yi fana na WhatsApp kambe yi nga ri na matimba ngopfu hi ku duma ku tlula muphikizani wa yona; Viber yi tlhela yi tisa vukorhokeri bya marungula ku fana na marungula ya matsalwa etlhelo ka tifoyini ta rito eka switirhisiwa swo hambana hi ku tirhisa vuhlanganisi bya inthanete. 8 . Thelegiramu: Telegram yi tiveka hi ku nyika vuswikoti byo rhumela marungula lebyi sirhelelekeke loko yi ri karhi yi tirhisa thekinoloji ya ku fihla makumu ku ya eka makumu leyi tiyisisaka vuhlayiseki bya xihundla. Vatirhisi va nga endla tichannel kumbe mintlawa yo avelana marungula, swifaniso na tivhidiyo. Leswi i swi nga ri swingani swa tipulatifomo ta swihangalasamahungu swa le ka social media leti nga kuma ndhuma eAfghanistan. Vanhu na tinhlengeletano etikweni va tirhisa tipulatifomo leti eka swikongomelo swo hambana ku sukela eka vuhlanganisi, vuhungasi, ku tirhisiwa ka mahungu, ku endla vuhlanganisi, na swin’wana emisaveni leyi yaka yi hlanganisiwa.

Minhlangano leyikulu ya tiindasitiri

Afghanistan yina minhlangano yo hlaya leyikulu ya indasitiri leyi yimelaka swiyenge swohambana hambana swa ikhonomi. Hi leyi yin’wana ya minhlangano ya indasitiri leyi dumeke eAfghanistan: 1. Huvo ya Mabindzu na Tiindasitiri ya Afghanistan (ACCI): ACCI i nhlangano lowu rhangelaka lowu yimelaka sekithara ya phurayivhete naswona wu kongomisa ku tlakusa ku kula ka ikhonomi na nhluvukiso eAfghanistan. Yi nyika vukorhokeri na nseketelo eka mabindzu, ku katsa na ku hlohlotela ku cinca ka pholisi. Webusayiti: http://www.acci.org.af/ . 2. Huvo ya Mabindzu na Vumaki bya Vavasati ya Afghanistan (AWCCI): AWCCI yi kongomisa eka ku seketela van’wamabindzu va xisati na van’wamabindzu va xisati eAfghanistan, ku nyika ndzetelo, vuleteri, swivandlanene swa vuhlanganisi, na vuyimeri bya timfanelo ta vona endzeni ka vaaki va mabindzu. Website: https://www.awcci.af/ Xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga 3. Huvo ya Mabindzu ya le Afghanistan-Amerika (AACC): AACC yi tlakusa mabindzu ya matiko mambirhi exikarhi ka Afghanistan na United States hi ku pfuna tikhamphani ta le Amerika leti lavaka swivandlanene swa mabindzu eAfghanistan loko yi ri karhi yi seketela tifemeni ta le Afghanistan leti lavaka ku nghena eka makete wa U.S. Webusayiti: http://a-acc.org/ 4. Federation of Afghan Craftsmen & Traders (FACT): FACT yi yimela vatirhi va mavoko, vatirhi va mavoko, vaxavisi, vaxavisi/vaxavisi va le handle lava katsekaka eka mintirho ya ndhavuko yo fana na vuvatli, ku luka rug, ku endla vuhlalu, vuhumelerisi bya ceramic na swin’wana, hi xikongomelo xo hlayisa vuswikoti bya ndhavuko loko yi ri karhi yi fambisa makete ku fikelela laha kaya na le matikweni ya misava. 5.Afghanistan Builders Association (ABA): ABA yi yimela tikhamphani to aka leti tirhanaka na tiphurojeke ta nhluvukiso wa switirhisiwa swo fana na miako ya vutshamo; magondzo; mabuloho; swivumbeko swa mphakelo wa mati etc. 6.Afghanistan Medical Association(AMA) i nhlangano lowu yimelaka vatirhi va swa vutshunguri ku katsa na madokodela,madokodela ya vuhandzuri,vaongori,na van'wana lava tirhaka ku nyika switirhisiwa swa nhlayiso wa rihanyo eka ndhawu hinkwayo ya afghan. Hi kombela u xiya leswaku tiwebsite leti a ti ri ntiyiso hi nkarhi lowu hi tsalaka nhlamulo leyi kambe ti nga ha cinciwa kumbe ku pfuxetiwa.

Tiwebsite ta mabindzu na mabindzu

Afghanistan, tiko leri nga ngheniwiki hi lwandle eDzongeni-Xikarhi ka Asia, ri ni tiwebsite to hlayanyana ta ikhonomi ni ta mabindzu leti nyikaka rungula ra nkoka eka mabindzu ni vavekisi. Hi leti tin’wana ta leti dumeke leti nga na ti-URL ta tona ta webusayiti hi ku hambana ka tona: 1. Ejensi ya Nseketelo wa Vuvekisi bya Afghanistan (AISA) - webusayiti ya ximfumo yo tlakusa swivandlanene swa vuvekisi eAfghanistan. Webusayiti: http://aisa.org.af/ . 2. Huvo ya Mabindzu na Tiindasitiri ya Afghanistan (ACCI) - pulatifomo leyi yimelaka mabindzu ya le Afghanistan lama katsekaka eka swiyenge swo hambana. Webusayiti: http://www.acci.org.af/ . 3. Huvo ya Mabindzu ya Afghanistan-Amerika (AACC) - yi seketela mabindzu ya matiko mambirhi exikarhi ka Afghanistan na United States. Website: https://a-acc.org/ Xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga xitsonga 4. Ejensi yo Tlakusa ku Rhumela eMatikweni mambe ya Afghanistan (EPAA) - leyi tinyiketeleke ku tlakusa swikumiwa swa Afghanistan eka timakete ta matiko ya misava. Webusayiti: http://epaa.gov.af/ 5. Vukorhokeri bya Mabindzu na Vumaki, Riphabliki ra Xiislam ra Afghanistan - ndzawulo ya mfumo leyi khomaka timhaka leti fambelanaka na mabindzu. Webusayiti: https://moci.gov.af/en 6. Nhlangano wa Tinhlayohlayo wa le Xikarhi (CSO) - wu nyika datha ya tinhlayo leyi fambelanaka na ikhonomi, nhlayo ya vaaki, na mahungu man’wana lama faneleke mayelana na Afghanistan. Webusayiti: https://cso.gov.af/ 7. Senthara ya Mabindzu ya Matiko ya Misava (ITC) – Yi nyika switirhisiwa swo tlakusa vuswikoti byo rhumela ematikweni mambe exikarhi ka mabindzu ya Afghanistan hi ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa vutlhari bya mabindzu na minongonoko yo aka vuswikoti Website: https://www.intracen.org/itc/matiko/afghanistan 8. Da Afghanistan Bank – Bangi ya le xikarhi ya tiko leyi langutelaka pholisi ya swa timali, vulawuri bya tibangi, ku tshamiseka ka mpimo wa ku cincana, na swin’wana, ku nyika swintshuxo swa sekithara ya swa timali Website: https://dab.gov.af/ts/ekaya Tiwebsite leti ti tirha tanihi tipulatifomo ta nkoka to fikelela mahungu eka swivandlanene swa vuvekisi, swiviko swa ndzavisiso wa makete, tinhlayo ta mabindzu, ku pfuxetiwa ka milawu & tipholisi xikan’we na vuxokoxoko bya vuhlanganisi bya swivutiso swa mabindzu. Hi kombela u xiya leswaku tiwebsite leti ti nga cinciwa kumbe ku cinciwa hi ku famba ka nkarhi; hikokwalaho swa antswa ku tiyisisa ku pakanisa ka tona hi nkarhi wa ku tirhisiwa

Tiwebsite ta swivutiso swa data swa mabindzu

Kuna ti website to hlaya laha unga kumaka data ya mabindzu ya Afghanistan. Hi leswi swikombiso swin’wana swin’we ni tiadirese ta vona ta webusayiti: 1. Ndzawulo ya Mabindzu na Vumaki bya le Afghanistan: Webusayiti ya ximfumo ya Vukorhokeri bya Mabindzu na Vumaki bya le Afghanistan yi nyika vuxokoxoko bya tipholisi ta mabindzu, milawu, na tinhlayo. U nga fikelela datha ya mabindzu hi ku endzela webusayiti ya vona eka www.commerce.gov.af. 2. Nhlangano wa Tinhlayohlayo wa le Xikarhi wa Afghanistan (CSO): CSO yi na vutihlamuleri byo hlengeleta na ku kandziyisa mahungu ya tinhlayo eAfghanistan, ku katsa na datha ya mabindzu. U nga kuma tinhlayo leti fambelanaka na mabindzu eka webusayiti ya vona eka www.cso.gov.af. 3. Senthara ya Mabindzu ya Matiko ya Misava (ITC): ITC yi nyika vuxokoxoko byo hambana lebyi fambelanaka na mabindzu ya matiko ya misava, ku katsa na nxopaxopo wa makete na tinhlayo ta mabindzu ya matiko yo hambana, ku katsa na Afghanistan. Endzela webusayiti ya vona eka www.intracen.org ku fikelela database. 4. Data leyi Pfulekeke ya Bangi ya Misava: Bangi ya Misava yi nyika mfikelelo lowu pfulekeke eka tidathaseti ta yona ta nhluvukiso wa misava hinkwayo leti heleleke, leti katsaka tinhlayo ta mabindzu ya matiko ya misava eka matiko yo hambana, ku katsa na Afghanistan. U nga kambisisa database eka data.worldbank.org. 5. Dathabeyisi ya Comtrade ya Nhlangano wa Matiko: Dathabeyisi ya Comtrade ya UN yi na vuxokoxoko bya tinhlayo ta matiko mambirhi ta ku nghenisiwa/ku rhumeriwa ka swixavisiwa leswi vikiweke hi matiko yo hambana emisaveni hinkwayo, ku katsa na Afghanistan. Fikelela database eka comtrade.un.org. Xiya leswaku tiwebsite tin’wana ti nga ha lava ku tsarisiwa kumbe ku nghena leswaku u kuma vuxokoxoko bya datha kumbe swiyenge swo karhi swa tipulatifomo ta tona.

Tipulatifomo ta B2b

Afghanistan i tiko leri hluvukaka leri kumekaka eAsia Xikarhi. Hambi leswi yi langutaneke na mintlhontlho, ku na tipulatifomo to hlaya ta B2B leti tirhaka endzeni ka Afghanistan. Hi leti tin’wana ta leti dumeke: 1. Afghan Biz: Pulatifomo leyi yi kongomisa ku hlanganisa mabindzu ya le Afghanistan na vaxavi na vaphakeri va laha kaya na va matiko ya misava. Yi nyika nxaxamelo wo anama wa swikumiwa na vukorhokeri eka tiindasitiri to hambana. Website: www.afghanbiz.com 2. Huvo ya Mabindzu na Tiindasitiri ya Afghanistan (ACCI): ACCI yi na portal ya inthanete leyi fambisaka vuhlanganisi bya mabindzu na mabindzu exikarhi ka swirho swa yona. Yi nyika swivandlanene swa vuhlanganisi, swiendlakalo swa mabindzu, na vutirhisani bya mabindzu. Website: www.afghan-kamara.com 3. Afghanistani.com: Pulatifomo leyi ya B2B yi kongomisa eka ku tlakusa switirhisiwa leswi endliweke hi vaendli va le Afghanistan eka lava nga ta xava emisaveni hinkwayo. Yi kongomisa eka ku tlakusa ku xaviseriwa matiko yale handle kusuka e Afghanistan hiku hlanganisa vahumelerisi va laha kaya na timakete ta matiko ya misava. Website: www.afghanistani.com 4. Eximgoat: Hi ku hlawuleka eka ku fambisa ku rhumela ematikweni mambe-ku rhumela ehandle, pulatifomo leyi yi hlanganisa mabindzu ya Afghanistan na vatirhisani va mabindzu ya misava hinkwayo eka migingiriko ya mabindzu lama nghenaka na lama humaka. Website: www.eximgoat.com 5. eTrader Afghanistan: Yi endliwe tanihi ndhawu yo xavisa ya elektroniki, eTrader Afghanistan yi endla leswaku mabindzu ya kota ku kombisa swikumiwa kumbe vukorhokeri bya wona, ku lavisisa vaphakeri kumbe vaxavi, ku burisana hi mintwanano, na ku lawula ku cincana eka inthanete. Webusayiti: www.e-trader.gov.af 6. EasyMandi Kabul Market Platform (EKMP): Yi endleriwe ngopfu ngopfu vahumelerisi va vurimi exifundzheni xa Kabul, EKMP yi pfumelela van’wamapurasi ku xavisa swibyariwa swa vona hiku kongoma eka vaxavisi kumbe vaxavisi va ti wholesale endzeni ka doroba hiku tirhisa sisiteme ya inthanete. Website: A yi kumeki. Tipulatifomo leti ta B2B ti nyika switirhisiwa swa nkoka eka mabindzu ya le Afghanistan lama lavaka swivandlanene swa ku kula laha tikweni na le matikweni ya misava hi ku fambisa vuhlanganisi exikarhi ka vaxavi na vaxavisi ku suka eka tiindasitiri to hambana ku fana na vurimi, vumaki, swintshuxo swa thekinoloji na swin’wana. Hi kombela u xiya leswaku hambileswi tipulatifomo leti ti xaxametiweke laha hi ku ya hi mahungu lama nga kona hi nkarhi wa ku tsariwa ka nhlamulo leyi (Dzivamisoko 2021), i swa nkoka ku tshama u ri karhi u tiyisisa ku tshembeka ka tona, ku yelana ka tona, na xiyimo lexi pfuxetiweke u nga si tihlanganisa na tona.