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Okulaba Ensi
Afghanistan nsi etaliiko lukalu esangibwa mu masekkati ga Asia, ng’erina ensalo ne Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan ne China. Kiweza square kilometers nga 652,864 era nga kirimu abantu abasoba mu bukadde 32 ab’amawanga ag’enjawulo. Ekibuga ekikulu ye Kabul ekikola ng’ekifo ekikulu eky’ebyobufuzi n’ebyenfuna mu Afghanistan. Eggwanga lino lirina ebyafaayo bingi eby’emyaka enkumi n’enkumi nga biva mu buwangwa bw’Abaperusi n’Obusiraamu. Lumu kyali kifo kikulu we baali basimbye ku makubo g’obusuubuzi ku luguudo lwa Silk Road. Ensi ya Afghanistan ya njawulo era ng’okusinga ya nsozi ng’olusozi Hindu Kush lwe lusinga ekitundu ekiri wakati. Embeera y’obudde yaawukana okusinziira ku buwanvu naye okutwalira awamu efuna ekyeya eky’ebbugumu n’ekyeya ekinyogovu. Ebyobulimi bikola kinene mu by’enfuna bya Afghanistan nga ebitundu ebisoba mu bisatu ku buli kimu eby’abantu baayo beenyigira mu kulima oba obulunzi. Ebirime ebikulu mulimu eŋŋaano, kasooli, ebibala (nga emizabbibu n’amakomamawanga), entangawuuzi (nga amanda), wamu ne ppamba. Eggwanga lino lirina eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka bingi omuli ggaasi ow’obutonde, amanda, ekikomo, ekyuma,n’amayinja ag’omuwendo nga emerald. Wabula,ebikozesebwa mu kusima eby’obugagga bino bikyali tebikulaakulana olw’okweraliikirira kw’ebyokwerinda okugenda mu maaso. Afghanistan ezze eyolekagana n’okusoomoozebwa kungi mu byafaayo omuli okulumba amawanga ag’ebweru,enfuga y’abatujju ba Taliban,n’obukuubagano obugenda mu maaso.Wabula,okuva obufuzi bw’Abataliban lwe bwagobwa mu 2001,eggwanga lino lifubye okutuuka ku butebenkevu,okuddamu okuzimba ebitongole,n’okussaawo enfuga ya demokulasiya n’... obuwagizi okuva mu mikwano gy’ensi yonna. Wadde nga waliwo enkulaakulana ekoleddwa,Afghanistan ekyagenda mu maaso n’okusoomoozebwa mu mbeera z’abantu,ebyenfuna,n’ebyokwerinda.Obwavu buli waggulu ate ng’okufuna obuweereza bw’ebyenjigiriza n’ebyobulamu kukyali kutono naddala eri abakyala.Ensonga z’okwenkanankana kw’ekikula ky’abantu nazo zikyaliyo.Ensi ya Afghanistan emanyiddwa olw’ennono zaayo ez’amaanyi ez’ebika ezikosa ensengeka y‟ekibiina,amateeka,empisa,n‟enkola z‟enfuga mu bitundu byonna mu ggwanga lyonna. Mu kumaliriza,Afghanistan ggwanga erigaggadde mu byafaayo,ebifo eby’enjawulo mu buwangwa,eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka,era lifunye enkulaakulana mu kuddamu okuzimba n’okutebenkera oluvannyuma lw’emyaka egy’obukuubagano.Wabula,yolekagana n’okusoomoozebwa kungi nga tennatuuka ku mirembe egy’olubeerera,okukulaakulana,n’enkulaakulana.
Ssente z’eggwanga
Embeera y’ensimbi mu Afghanistan ya njawulo nnyo. Ssente entongole eya Afghanistan ye Afghan afghani (AFN). Ebadde ssente z’eggwanga okuva mu 1925. Afghani emu egabanyizibwamu pul 100. Wabula kikulu okumanya nti Afghanistan efunye okusoomoozebwa okw’amaanyi mu by’enfuna mu myaka egiyise olw’obutali butebenkevu mu byobufuzi n’obukuubagano obugenda mu maaso. Omuwendo gw’aba afghani gufunye enkyukakyuka ez’amaanyi olw’ekyo. Mu nsonga z’emiwendo gy’ensimbi, kiyinza okuba ekizibu okufuna amawulire amatuufu era agakwatagana olw’obutonde bw’ebyenfuna bya Afghanistan obutakyukakyuka. Omuwendo gw’ensimbi z’ensimbi ennene ez’ensi yonna gukyukakyuka nnyo, ekifuula okusoomoozebwa eri abasuubuzi n’abantu ssekinnoomu okulagula oba okuteekateeka okusinziira ku ssente. Ekirala, olw’okweraliikirira eby’okwerinda n’obutaba na bwesige mu bitongole by’ebyensimbi ebya wano, abantu bangi bakola eby’obusuubuzi nga bakozesa ddoola za Amerika oba ssente endala ez’ebweru mu kifo ky’okwesigama ku ba afghani bokka. Enkola eno esinga kubeera mu bibuga ebinene awali eby’obusuubuzi by’ensi yonna. Mu bufunze, embeera y’ensimbi mu Afghanistan emanyiddwa olw’okugatta okuzibu okwa ssente z’eggwanga entongole (Afghan afghani), okukyukakyuka mu miwendo gy’ensimbi, okwesigama ku ssente z’ebweru nga ddoola za Amerika olw’ebyobusuubuzi, n’okusoomoozebwa kw’ebyenfuna okwa bulijjo okuva ku butabeera mu ntebenkevu mu by’obufuzi n’enkaayana ezigenda mu maaso.
Omuwendo gw’ensimbi
Ssente entongole eya Afghanistan ye Afghan Afghani (AFN). Emiwendo gy’ensimbi n’ensimbi ennene ez’ensi yonna giyinza okwawukana, n’olwekyo tekisoboka kuwa data ntongole awatali mawulire ga kiseera ekituufu. Nkusaba otunule mu nsonda z’ensimbi ezesigika oba weebuuze ku kikyusa ssente okumanya emiwendo gy’ensimbi egy’omulembe.
Ennaku enkulu enkulu
Afghanistan, ensi etaliiko lukalu mu masekkati ga Asia, ekuza ebikujjuko ebikulu ebiwerako omwaka gwonna. Embaga zino zikola kinene mu buwangwa bwa Afghanistan era nga zikuzibwa abantu okuva mu mawanga n’eddiini ez’enjawulo. Bino bye bimu ku nnaku enkulu ez’amaanyi mu Afghanistan: 1. Nowruz: Nowruz etandika omwaka omuggya mu Afghanistan era gukuzibwa nga March 21st. Kye mbaga ey’edda ey’Abaperusi eraga okuzaalibwa omulundi ogw’okubiri n’okuzzibwa obuggya. Aba Afghanistan bakuza olunaku luno nga bategeka ebijjulo ebirabika obulungi, okukyalira ab’omu maka n’emikwano, okuwanyisiganya ebirabo, n’okwetaba mu kuyimba n’amazina ag’ekinnansi. . ebivvulu by’ennyimba ebiraga okwagala eggwanga. 3. Eid al-Fitr: Ekimu ku bikujjuko by'Abasiraamu ebikulu mu nsi yonna ye Eid al-Fitr oba "Festival of Breaking the Fast." Embaga eno ekoma ku Ramadhan (ekiseera ky’okusiiba ekimala omwezi mulamba) nga kyesigamiziddwa ku kulondoola kw’Obusiraamu ku kalenda y’omwezi. Mu Afghanistan, amaka gakuŋŋaana okugabana emmere ey’ennaku enkulu nga bambadde engoye empya ng’akabonero k’okujaguza okw’essanyu. 4. Eid al-Adha: Ennaku endala enkulu ey'Abasiraamu ekuzibwa mu nsi yonna ye Eid al-Adha oba "Embaga y'okusaddaaka." Ennaku enkulu eno essa ekitiibwa mu Ibrahim okwagala okusaddaaka omwana we ng’ekikolwa eky’okukkiriza naye okukkakkana ng’asaddaaka ensolo mu kifo ky’ekyo ku kiragiro kya Katonda. Aba Afghanistan bakuza olunaku luno nga basabira ku mizikiti ne baddako okugabana ennyama y’ebisolo ebisaddaakibwa n’ab’omu maka n’abo abatalina mukisa. 5.Olunaku lw'eggwanga/Olunaku lw'enkyukakyuka (APR 28): Ennaku enkulu eno ey'eggwanga ejjukira Mohammad Daoud Khan okusuula mu 1978 ekyavaako obufuzi bw'abakomunisiti nga tetunnaba kuwa kifo kya kulumba kwa Soviet mu bujjuvu mu December , era n’awaliriza obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu okugenda mu buwanganguse nga tebunnatuuka. Afghanistan ekuza olunaku luno n’emyoleso, emikolo gy’ebyobuwangwa n’ebiriroliro. Bino bye bimu ku bikujjuko ebikulu ebikuzibwa mu Afghanistan. Ennaku enkulu zino zirina obukulu obw’amaanyi mu by’obuwangwa, eddiini, n’ebyafaayo eri Bannafghan, ne zikuza obumu, okukuza ebikujjuko eby’essanyu, n’okuwulira okwenyumiriza mu ggwanga mu bantu baayo.
Embeera y’obusuubuzi bw’amawanga amalala
Afghanistan esangibwa mu masekkati ga Asia, nsi etalina lukalu ng’erina ebyenfuna eby’enjawulo nga byesigamye nnyo ku bulimi n’eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka. Wabula olw’obukuubagano obw’emyaka n’obutali butebenkevu mu by’obufuzi, embeera yaayo ey’ebyobusuubuzi ekyali ya kusoomoozebwa. Ebikulu Afghanistan by’etunda ebweru mulimu ebintu eby’obulimi ng’ebibala ebikalu (naddala zabbibu), ebibala ebibisi (omuli amakomamawanga ne apricots), entangawuuzi (nga pistachio n’amanda), n’ebyoya by’endiga. Eggwanga lino era lirina eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka ebinene nga ekikomo, ekyuma, zaabu, lithium, ne ggaasi ow’obutonde. Ate Afghanistan yeesigamye nnyo ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga olw’ebintu eby’enjawulo ng’emmere (eŋŋaano ne ssukaali), ebiva mu mafuta olw’obwetaavu bw’amaanyi, ebyuma ebikola pulojekiti z’okutumbula ebizimbe, eddagala eri amakolero, eddagala erikolebwa mu by’obulamu, mmotoka ezetaagisa mu ntambula. Ekimu ku bisinga okusuubulagana ne Afghanistan ye muliraanwa wa Pakistan. Ekola ng’oluguudo olukulu olw’okuyita mu bantu olugatta Afghanistan n’obutale bw’ensi yonna nga luyita ku mwalo gw’ennyanja Karachi. Ebirala ebikulu bye bakolagana nabo mu by’obusuubuzi mulimu Buyindi, Iran, China-Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan omukutu gw’eggaali y’omukka nga bayita ku nsalo ya Hairatan. Gavumenti ya Afghanistan ebadde ekola kaweefube w’okutumbula embeera y’ebyobusuubuzi mu ggwanga lino ng’essa omukono ku ndagaano z’ensi yonna nga enkola y’okwegatta ku kibiina ky’ensi yonna eky’ebyobusuubuzi mu 2016. Okugatta ku ekyo; kigenderera okusikiriza bamusigansimbi okuva ebweru nga bayita mu nteekateeka ezigaba emisolo n’okulongoosa enkola z’ebitongole. Naye; okusoomoozebwa okw’enjawulo kulemesa enkulaakulana y’ebyobusuubuzi mu Afghanistan omuli n’ebikozesebwa ebinafu ng’emikutu gy’entambula egitamala ekifuula okutunda ebweru okukaluba. Okwongerezaako; obuli bw’enguzi bukyali nsonga ekosa enkola zombi ez’okuyingiza/okufulumya ebweru w’eggwanga wamu n’okweraliikirira kw’ebyokwerinda okukosa okusala ensalo ekivaako okulwawo & ssente endala okukendeeza ku kuvuganya mu butale bw’ensi yonna. Mu kumaliriza; Afghanistan eyolekedde ebizibu ebinene mu kitongole kyayo eky’ebyobusuubuzi olw’obukuubagano obugenda mu maaso & obutali butebenkevu mu by’obufuzi ebitaataaganya enkulaakulana y’ebyenfuna & kaweefube w’okugaziya.Gavumenti yeewaddeyo okulongoosa embeera naye yeetaaga obuwagizi obutasalako okuva mu nsi yonna okusobola okutuuka ku nkulaakulana ey’ebyenfuna ey’olubeerera eragiddwa wansi w’eby’enfuna byabwe eby’eggwanga Akakodyo
Obusobozi bw’okukulaakulanya akatale
Afghanistan nsi etaliiko lukalu esangibwa mu masekkati ne South Asia, ng’abantu basukka mu bukadde 38. Wadde nga eyolekedde okusoomoozebwa kungi ng’obutali butebenkevu mu byobufuzi, okweraliikirira eby’okwerinda, n’ebikozesebwa ebinafu, Afghanistan erina obusobozi obutakozesebwa mu katale kaayo ak’ebyobusuubuzi okuva ebweru. Ekimu ku bintu ebikulu ebiraga nti Afghanistan esobola okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga kiri mu by’obugagga byayo eby’obutonde ebingi. Eggwanga lino limanyiddwa olw’okutereka ggaasi ow’obutonde, amafuta, amanda, ekikomo, zaabu, amayinja ag’omuwendo, n’eby’obugagga ebirala eby’omuwendo. Okunoonyereza n’okukozesa obulungi eby’obugagga bino kiyinza okusikiriza okusiga ensimbi obutereevu okuva ebweru (FDI) n’okutumbula ebyamaguzi by’eggwanga ebweru w’eggwanga. Ng’oggyeeko eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka, Afghanistan erina ebyafaayo bingi eby’okufulumya eby’obulimi. Ettaka eggimu n’embeera y’obudde ennungi biyamba okulima ebirime eby’enjawulo omuli eŋŋaano, kasooli, mwanyi, ebibala ng’emizabbibu n’amakomamawanga, wamu n’ebintu nga safaali. Nga tussa mu nkola obukodyo bw’okulima obw’omulembe n’okulongoosa ebikozesebwa oluvannyuma lw’okukungula ng’ebifo ebipakiddwa oba enjegere z’okutereka ebintu mu nnyonta – eggwanga liyinza okwongera nnyo ku by’obulimi bye litunda ebweru w’eggwanga. Ekirala، emirimu gy’emikono gya Afghanistan gifunye okusiimibwa mu nsi yonna olw’enjawulo yaago n’okukola dizayini enzibu. Kapeti ennungi، engoye z’ekinnansi (nga engoye ezitungiddwa), okubumba، emirimu gy’embaawo، eby’okwewunda، ebintu eby’amaliba، rugs,n’eby’okwambala biwa essuubi ery’amaanyi ery’okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga eggwanga lye liyinza okukozesa. Okusobola okukozesa obusobozi buno obw'obusuubuzi mu bujjuvu , enteekateeka zeetaagibwa okwongera okutumbula enkulaakulana y'ebizimbe - naddala emikutu gy'entambula ng'enguudo、eggaali y'omukka、n'emyalo - ebyamaguzi bisobole okutambuza obulungi mu ggwanga oba okutwalibwa ebweru w'eggwanga。 Ekirala,okufuba okutuuka ku butebenkevu obw’amaanyi mu byobufuzi、okukakasa ebyokwerinda okuva mu mirimu gy’abayeekera、n’ebikolwa eby’okulwanyisa enguzi bijja kutumbula obwesige bwa bamusigansimbi ekijja okuyamba okunoonyereza ku ssuubi ly’obusuubuzi bw’ebweru n’okusingawo. Okuzimba enkolagana ey’amaanyi ey’amawanga gombi mu butale bw’ekitundu nakyo kikulu nnyo mu nkulaakulana ya Afghanistan ey’obusuubuzi bw’ebweru okusinziira ku kifo kyayo ekirungi ekigatta South Asia ne Central Asia。 Okwongera ku ndagaano z’ebyobusuubuzi eziriwo n’amawanga ag’omuliraano nga Pakistan、India、Iran,ne Uzbekistan kijja kuggulawo amakubo amapya eri Afghanistan abasuubuzi okutandikawo enkolagana ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu n’okugaziya okutuuka ku katale. Mu kumaliriza, Afghanistan erina obusobozi bungi nnyo mu nsonga z’enkulaakulana y’akatale k’obusuubuzi bw’ebweru。 Nga ekozesa obulungi eby’obugagga byayo eby’obutonde, okutumbula okufulumya eby’obulimi, okutumbula eby’emikono, okulongoosa ebizimbe, okukakasa obukuumi n’okutondawo enkolagana ey’amaanyi mu kitundu، eggwanga liyinza okusumulula obusobozi bwalyo obutakozesebwa n’okutumbula ebyenfuna okukula nga bayita mu kwongera ku mikisa gy’okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga.
Ebintu ebitundibwa mu bbugumu ku katale
Bw’oba ​​olowooza ku bintu ebiyinza okusuubulirwa mu by’obusuubuzi by’ensi yonna mu Afghanistan, kikulu okussa essira ku bintu ebikwatagana n’ebyetaago ebitongole n’ebyo bye baagala. Bino bye bimu ku biteeso ku bintu ebitundibwa ennyo mu katale k’obusuubuzi bw’ebweru mu Afghanistan: 1. Ebyobulimi n’Emmere: Olw’okuba ebyenfuna bisinga kubeera bya bulimi, obwetaavu bungi obw’ebintu eby’obulimi ng’ebibala ebibisi, enva endiirwa, entangawuuzi (nga amanda ne pistachio), safaali, n’eby’akaloosa. Ebintu ebikoleddwa mu butonde n’ebikakasibwa halal bye bisinga okutwalibwa ng’eby’omuwendo. 2. Engoye: Waliwo obwetaavu obw’amaanyi obw’ebintu eby’engoye ng’engoye z’ekinnansi ez’e Afghanistan (nga perahan tunban) ezikolebwa n’emifaliso egy’omu kitundu n’emikono. Okugatta ku ekyo, engoye nga kapeti, rugs, shawls, scarves ezikoleddwa mu byoya oba silk bisobola okuba eby’okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga. 3. Ebikozesebwa mu kuzimba: Nga Afghanistan egenda mu maaso n’okuddamu okuzimba ebizimbe byayo, ebikozesebwa mu kuzimba nga seminti, ebyuma, tile/marbles/granites ebikozesebwa okuzimba wansi oba okubikka ku bbugwe birina obusobozi obulungi ku katale. 4. Emirimu gy’emikono: Emirimu gy’emikono gya Afghanistan gifuna obuganzi bungi mu ggwanga n’ensi yonna olw’engeri gye gikoleddwamu n’emikono egy’enjawulo. Ebintu nga ebibumba/eby’obubumba (ebikoleddwa nga tukozesa obukodyo obw’ekinnansi), emirimu gy’embaawo/ebibumbe/ebintu by’omu nnyumba okuva mu mbaawo za walnut oba mulberry byenoonyezebwa nnyo. 5. Eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka: Afghanistan erina eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka bingi omuli ekikomo/ingots/nuggets/billets/alloys/plates/sheets/strips/wires n’ebirala bingi ebiyinza okufulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga nga byesigamiziddwa ku mateeka g’ensi yonna agafuga eby’obusuubuzi. . ebintu ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga. 7.Ebyuma mu kitongole ky’amasoboza - Okusinziira ku kaweefube w’okutumbula amakolero agenda akula mu bitundu by’amasoboza ebigonjoola amasannyalaze agazzibwawo/ebyuma/ebyuma(enjuba/empewo/ebiramu) birina obusobozi obulungi. 8. Ebyuma ebikozesebwa mu byuma bikalimagezi: Okwetaaga ebintu eby’amasannyalaze nga essimu ez’amaanyi, laptop, ebyuma by’omu nnyumba nga firiigi, ttivvi, n’amaloboozi bweyongera mangu mu bantu b’omu bibuga. 9. Empeereza y’ebyenjigiriza: Okuwa eby’okugonjoola eby’okuyiga ku yintaneeti ku by’enjigiriza eby’ewala mu bitundu ng’amasomero matono kiyinza okuba omukisa gwa bizinensi oguyingiza ssente. Jjukira okukola okunoonyereza ku katale n’okwekenneenya ebyetaago by’abaguzi buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera. Okukola emikutu egy’amaanyi egy’okusaasaanya n’okukwatagana n’obuwangwa bw’omu kitundu kijja kuyamba okuteekawo okubeerawo okulungi mu katale k’ebyobusuubuzi okuva ebweru mu Afghanistan.
Engeri za bakasitoma ne tabu
Afghanistan nsi etaliiko lukalu mu South Asia emanyiddwa olw’obuwangwa bwayo obw’omuwendo n’ebyafaayo byayo ebitabanguse. Bwe kituuka ku kutegeera engeri za bakasitoma n’ebintu ebiziyiza mu Afghanistan, ensonga enkulu eziwerako zirina okulowoozebwako. Engeri za Bakasitoma: 1. Okusembeza abagenyi: Abantu ba Afghanistan bamanyiddwa nnyo olw’okusembeza abagenyi mu ngeri ey’ebbugumu n’obugabi eri abagenyi. Kitera okuba nga bayita abagenyi mu maka gaabwe ne babawa caayi oba emmere. 2. Enkolagana ey’amaanyi mu kitundu: Abaafghan balina okutegeera okw’amaanyi ku mpisa z’ekitundu n’amaka. Okusalawo emirundi mingi kizingiramu okwebuuza ku bakadde oba okunoonya okukkirizibwa okuva mu b’omu maka. 3. Okussa ekitiibwa mu buyinza: Okutwalira awamu Abafghan bassa ekitiibwa kinene eri abantu ab’obuyinza, gamba ng’abazadde, abakulembeze b’eddiini, n’abakungu ba gavumenti. 4. Obulombolombo obw’omuwendo: Obulombolombo bw’ennono butwalibwa nga bwa muwendo nnyo mu Afghanistan, omuli olulimi, emisono gy’engoye (nga ennyambala y’ekinnansi ey’Abaafghan), ennyimba, amazina nga Attan, n’emikolo gy’eddiini. Ebitabo by’Obuwangwa: 1. Eddiini: Obusiraamu y’eddiini esinga mu Afghanistan ng’erina enkola enkakali ey’eddiini bannansi abasinga gye bagoberera. Kikulu okussa ekitiibwa mu nzikiriza zino n’okwewala enneeyisa yonna etali ya kitiibwa eri eddiini oba abantu b’eddiini. 2. Emirimu gy’ekikula ky’abantu: Emirimu gy’ekikula ky’abantu egy’ennono giyitiridde mu bantu b’e Afghanistan; abakyala basuubirwa okugoberera ennyambala etali nnungi n’ebimu ku bisuubirwa mu bantu ebikwata ku nneeyisa. 3. Ekifo ky’omuntu: Okukwatagana kw’omubiri wakati w’abasajja n’abakazi abatalina luganda kuyinza okutunuulirwa mu ngeri embi okuggyako ng’etandikiddwawo omuntu ow’ekikula ekimu mu mbeera esaanidde. 4.Weewale okukubaganya ebirowoozo mu lwatu ku nsonga ezikaayana ng’ebyobufuzi oba ensonga ezikwata ku mpisa z’omu kitundu eziyinza okuleetawo okusika omuguwa mu bantu. Kikulu nnyo okusemberera enkolagana ya bizinensi n’okufaayo ku buwangwa bwa Afghanistan nga tukuuma engeri zino n’ebintu ebiziyiza okunyiiza omuntu yenna mu butali bugenderevu
Enkola y’okuddukanya emirimu gya Kasawo
Enkola y’okuddukanya emisolo mu Afghanistan ekola kinene nnyo mu kulungamya eby’obusuubuzi by’ensi yonna n’okukuuma ensalo z’eggwanga lino. Okusobola okulaba ng’ebyamaguzi n’abantu abayingira oba abafuluma Afghanistan biddukanyizibwa bulungi, emitendera n’ebiragiro ebimu biteekebwa mu nkola ku bifo ebikeberebwamu kasitooma. Ekisooka, abagenyi abayingira Afghanistan balina okuba ne paasipooti entuufu nga balina viza esaanira. Kirungi okukebera ebisaanyizo bya viza ebisembyeyo nga tonnagenda Afghanistan kuba bisobola okwawukana okusinziira ku ggwanga ly’omuntu n’ekigendererwa ky’okukyalira. Abatembeeyi era bayinza okusabibwa okujjuza foomu y’okuyingira nga batuuse. Ku nsalo, emigugu gyonna gikeberebwa kasitooma. Kikulu abatambuze okulangirira ebintu byonna ebyetaaga okufaayo ennyo ng’emmundu, ebiragalalagala, oba ssente ennyingi. Obutakikola kiyinza okuvaamu okubowa ebintu oba ebivaamu mu mateeka. Afghanistan essa emisolo ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga n’ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga okusinziira ku nteekateeka yaayo ey’emisolo. Ebyamaguzi byonna ebiyingira oba ebifuluma mu ggwanga bisobola okusasulwa emisolo okuggyako nga bisonyiyibwa wansi w’amateeka ag’enjawulo. N’olwekyo, kyetaagisa nnyo abantu ssekinnoomu abeenyigira mu by’obusuubuzi ne Afghanistan okugoberera amateeka gano n’okulangirira obulungi ebyamaguzi byabwe mu nkola z’okugogola. Bwe baba bafulumya ebintu eby’omuwendo eby’emikono oba eby’obuwangwa okuva e Afghanistan, abatambuze balina okusooka okufuna olukusa olwetaagisa okuva mu bitongole ebikwatibwako nga bukyali. Okutwala ebintu ng’ebyo ebweru w’eggwanga mu ngeri emenya amateeka kiyinza okuvaamu ebibonerezo eby’amaanyi. Okugatta ku ekyo, kirungi okumanya nti eby’okwerinda ku bifo ebikeberebwamu kasitooma mu Afghanistan bikakali olw’obulabe obuyinza okuva mu bikolwa by’okukukusa abantu n’okweraliikirira obutujju mu kitundu kino. Abatambuze balina okukolagana mu bujjuvu n’abakungu ba Kasawo nga bakebera n’okugoberera obulungi ebiragiro awatali kuziyizibwa. Mu kumaliriza, abo abateekateeka okutambula oba okwenyigira mu busuubuzi bw’ensi yonna ne Afghanistan balina okwetegereza ebisaanyizo by’enkola yaayo ey’okuddukanya emisolo omuli okubeera ne viza ezisaanidde, okulangirira ebintu ebikugirwa nga bayingira/abafuluma eggwanga mu butuufu, okugoberera ennyo amateeka g’emisolo agakwata ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga/ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga,n’okugoberera completelywith inspections performedat custom check points due pruancesof terrorist activitiesin this regions nga tujjukira nti ebintu eby’omuwendosartworkand cultural artifactsnecessiitate ebyetaago ebirala eby’olukusafor exportation.
Enkola z’omusolo ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga
Enkola ya Afghanistan ey’omusolo ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga ekola kinene mu kulungamya eby’obusuubuzi n’okuyingiza ssente mu ggwanga lino. Gavumenti essa emisolo gya Kasawo ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga okusinziira ku kubigabanya mu biti eby’enjawulo. Omusolo ogusoloozebwa ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga mu Afghanistan guli ebitundu 2.5%, okuggyako ebintu ebimu ebitongole ebirina omuwendo omunene. Wabula ebintu ebimu ebikulu ng’emmere, eddagala, n’ebikozesebwa mu bulimi bisonyiyibwa emisolo ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga okulaba nga bifunibwa ku bbeeyi ensaamusaamu. Ng’oggyeeko omusolo omukulu ogusoloozebwa ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga, Afghanistan essa emisolo n’ebisale ebirala ku bintu ebimu. Okugeza, omusolo ku muwendo ogwongezeddwa (VAT) ogwa 10% gusoloozebwa ku bintu eby’ebbeeyi ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga ng’emmotoka n’ebyuma eby’amasannyalaze. Okusobola okukubiriza okufulumya ebintu mu ggwanga n’okukuuma amakolero ga wano, Afghanistan era essa emisolo egy’okulwanyisa okusuula ebintu ku bintu ebirina bbeeyi wansi w’ebbeeyi y’ebintu ebikolebwa oba ebitundibwa ku bbeeyi eya wansi etali ya bwenkanya, ekiyamba okutangira okuvuganya okutali kwa bwenkanya okuva mu butale bw’ebweru. Ekirala, Afghanistan etaddewo endagaano z’ebyobusuubuzi ez’enkizo n’amawanga ag’omuliraano nga Iran ne Pakistan mwe bayita okuwa emisolo egyakendeezeddwa oba egy’okusonyiyibwa ku bintu ebimu okutumbula eby’obusuubuzi mu kitundu. Kinajjukirwa nti enkola z’okugoba emisolo ku kasitooma zikola kinene nnyo mu kussa mu nkola enkola zino ez’omusolo. Ebintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga birina okuyita mu kukeberebwa okutuufu mu biwandiiko ng’abaserikale ba Kasawo beekenneenya omuwendo gw’ebintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga olw’ebigendererwa by’okusolooza omusolo. Mu kumaliriza, enkola ya Afghanistan ey’omusolo ku bintu ebiyingizibwa mu ggwanga erimu emisolo egy’awamu egya bitundu 2.5% nga waliwo okusonyiyibwa ebintu ebikulu. Emisolo emirala nga VAT giyinza okukozesebwa ku bintu eby’ebbeeyi ate nga n’enkola ezilwanyisa okusuula ebintu zikuuma amakolero ga wano. Endagaano z’ebyobusuubuzi ezisookerwako ziriwo n’amawanga ag’omuliraano okusobola okwanguyiza eby’obusuubuzi mu kitundu.
Enkola z’omusolo ku by’amaguzi ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga
Enkola ya Afghanistan ey’omusolo ku bintu ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga egenderera okuwagira n’okutumbula enkulaakulana y’ebyenfuna byayo ng’eyita mu kusolooza omusolo ku bintu eby’enjawulo. Eggwanga lino okusinga lyesigamye ku bintu eby’obulimi, eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka, n’eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga, ng’essira liteekeddwa ku kwongera ku nnyingiza ate nga litunuulidde enkola y’obusuubuzi obwenkanya. Mu mateeka ga Afghanistan, abasuubuzi abagenda ebweru w’eggwanga balina okusasula emisolo egy’enjawulo okusinziira ku kika ky’ebyamaguzi ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga. Emisolo gino giyamba okuyingiza ssente mu gavumenti era giyamba mu kukulaakulanya ebizimbe n’emirimu gya gavumenti. Ebintu eby’obulimi ng’ebibala, enva endiirwa, entangawuuzi, ne ppamba bitera okwolekagana n’emisolo emitono oba okusonyiyibwa okukubiriza okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga n’okuvuganya mu butale bw’ensi yonna. Enkola eno egendereddwamu okutumbula okuyamba ebyobulimi mu by’enfuna bya Afghanistan ate nga bisitula enkulaakulana y’ebyalo. Ku luuyi olulala, eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka nga ekikomo, amayinja ag’omuwendo nga emerald oba lapis lazuli, amanda, ggaasi ow’obutonde oba ebintu ebiva mu mafuta okutwalira awamu bifuna emisolo mingi olw’omuwendo gwabyo oguyinza okuba ogw’amaanyi mu by’enfuna. Okussa mu nkola emiwendo gy’emisolo egyongezeddwa kiyamba okulaba nti eby’obugagga bino eby’omuwendo biganyula kaweefube w’okuzimba eggwanga n’okulaba ng’ebyenfuna biyimiriddewo okumala ebbanga eddene. Kikulu okumanya nti ab’obuyinza mu Afghanistan buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera beetegereza enkola zino ez’omusolo nga basinziira ku mbeera y’akatale n’ebintu ebikulembeza eggwanga. Ennongoosereza zino zigenderera okuteekawo bbalansi wakati w’okutumbula ebyamaguzi ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga ate nga bivaamu ssente ezimala okukola emirimu gya gavumenti egy’omugaso. Okutwaliza awamu, Afghanistan essa essira ku nkola z’obusuubuzi obw’obwenkanya ezikwatagana n’omutindo gw’ensi yonna mu nkola yaayo ey’omusolo ku bintu ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga. Ekigendererwa si kya kusonda nsimbi zokka wabula n’okulaba ng’emikisa egy’obwenkanya egy’okutuuka ku katale n’okuvuganya mu nsi yonna nga bikwatagana n’enkola z’okukulaakulanya ebyenfuna mu ngeri ey’olubeerera.
Satifikeeti ezeetaagisa okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga
Afghanistan esangibwa mu South Asia, nsi etalina lukalu ng’erina ebyafaayo by’okufulumya ebintu eby’enjawulo ebikozesebwa mu ggwanga n’obusuubuzi bw’ensi yonna. Okusobola okukakasa omutindo n’obukuumi bw’ebintu by’etunda ebweru w’eggwanga, Afghanistan etadde mu nkola enkola y’okukakasa ebyamaguzi ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga. Okuwa satifikeeti y’okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga mu Afghanistan kuzingiramu emitendera egiwerako abasuubuzi abafulumya ebweru gye balina okugoberera. Ekisooka, abasuubuzi abagenda ebweru w’eggwanga balina okuwandiisa bizinensi zaabwe mu kibiina ekigatta abasuubuzi n’amakolero mu Afghanistan (ACCI). Enkola eno ey’okuwandiisa eyamba okulungamya n’okulondoola emirimu gy’okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga mu ggwanga. Ekirala, abagenda ebweru w’eggwanga balina okufuna satifikeeti ez’enjawulo okusinziira ku kika ky’ebintu bye baagala okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga. Okugeza, ebintu ebiva mu bulimi byetaaga satifikeeti z’obuyonjo bw’ebimera eziweebwa minisitule y’ebyobulimi, okufukirira, n’obulunzi (MAIL). Satifikeeti eno ekakasa nti ebintu by’ebyobulimi bituukana n’omutindo gw’ebyobulamu ogw’ensi yonna ku biwuka n’endwadde. Okugatta ku ekyo, ku bintu ebikolebwa mu Afghanistan ng’engoye oba eby’emikono nga baagala okusiimibwa mu nsi yonna olw’obutuufu bwabyo oba ebigambibwa nti byasibuka, ababitunda ebweru w’eggwanga basobola okusaba satifikeeti ya Geographical Indications (GI). Satifikeeti ya GI ekakasa nti engeri oba engeri ezimu ez’ekintu kiva ku nsibuko yaakyo mu Afghanistan. Ekirala, amakolero agamu era gayinza okwetaaga satifikeeti eziraga nti gagoberera amateeka ag’ekikugu oba emitendera egyateekebwawo amawanga agayingiza ebintu mu ggwanga. Satifikeeti zino zikola ng’obujulizi nti ebintu ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga bituukiriza ebisaanyizo by’obukuumi ebikwata ku nkola z’okulondoola omutindo oba enkola z’okukuuma obutonde bw’ensi. Ekisembayo, nga tebannaba kufulumya bintu byonna okuva ku nsalo za Afghanistan, abafulumya ebintu ebweru balina okumaliriza emitendera gya Kasawo ku bifo ebikeberebwa ku nsalo ng’ebiwandiiko nga invoice z’ebyobusuubuzi n’enkalala z’okupakinga byekenneenyezebwa obulungi abakungu ba Kasawo. Mu kumaliriza, okukakasa eby’amaguzi ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga kukola kinene nnyo mu kulaba ng’ebyamaguzi Afghanistan by’etunda ebweru bituukana n’omutindo gw’ensi yonna. Nga bayita mu kwewandiisa obulungi mu ACCI n’okufuna satifikeeti ezikwatagana nga satifikeeti z’obuyonjo bw’ebimera oba satifikeeti za GI bwe kiba kisoboka), abasuubuzi b’ebweru w’eggwanga mu Afghanistan bayamba okuzimba obwesige mu baguzi b’ensi yonna ate nga batumbula ebintu byabwe ebikolebwa mu ggwanga ebweru w’eggwanga.
Enteekateeka y’okutambuza ebintu esengekeddwa
Afghanistan, ensi etalina lukalu era esangibwa mu masekkati ga Asia, emanyiddwa olw’ettaka lyayo eririmu ebiwonvu n’ebyafaayo by’obuwangwa eby’enjawulo. Wadde nga waliwo okusoomoozebwa okuva mu butabanguko mu byobufuzi n’okweraliikirira eby’okwerinda okugenda mu maaso, wakyaliwo engeri ez’enjawulo ez’okukola ku mpeereza y’okutambuza ebintu mu ggwanga. Bwe kituuka ku kusindika ebyamaguzi mu Afghanistan, emu ku nkola ezisinga okukozesebwa kwe kutambuza emigugu mu nnyonyi. Ekisaawe ky’ennyonyi ekya Hamid Karzai e Kabul kye kikola ng’ekifo ekikulu eky’okuyingira emigugu gy’ensi yonna. Ennyonyi eziwerako ezitwala emigugu nga DHL, FedEx, ne UPS zikola ennyonyi eza bulijjo okugenda e Afghanistan, ekyanguyiza emirimu ennungamu egy’okuyingiza n’okufulumya ebweru. Wadde ng’emigugu mu nnyonyi giyinza okuba egy’ebbeeyi, egaba ebiseera by’okuyita mu bwangu era esaanira nnyo okusindika emigugu egy’obudde oba egy’omuwendo omungi. Ku bintu ebinene oba ebisindikibwa mu bungi, okutwala emigugu ku nnyanja kiyinza okuba eky’okukola. Okutambulira mu mawanga ag’omuliraano nga Iran oba Pakistan kiyinza okwetaagisa okusinziira ku nsibuko oba ekifo omugugu we gugenda. Omwalo gw’e Karachi mu Pakistan gutera okukozesebwa okusindika ebyamaguzi ebigenda e Afghanistan nga biyita mu ntambula y’oku nguudo okuva mu bibuga ebiri ku nsalo ya Pakistan nga Peshawar oba Quetta. Mu nsonga z’okutambuza ebintu mu ggwanga munda mu Afghanistan yennyini, entambula y’oku nguudo ekola kinene nnyo olw’ebikozesebwa by’eggaali y’omukka ebitono. Kkampuni za loole za wano zikola emirimu gy’entambula mu masaza ag’enjawulo munda mu ggwanga. Wabula kikulu okulowooza ku bulabe bw’ebyokwerinda obukwatagana n’entambula ku nguudo n’okukozesa abagaba empeereza y’okutambuza ebintu abeesigika abalina okumanya ku nkyukakyuka mu kitundu. Ekirala, waliwo ne kaweefube agenda okuvaayo okutuuka ku kukulaakulanya emikutu gy’eggaali y’omukka egigatta amawanga ag’omuliraano nga Uzbekistan ne Turkmenistan okusobola okwanguyiza amakubo g’ebyobusuubuzi okuyita mu Afghanistan mu biseera eby’omu maaso. Okulaba ng’okukkiriza emisolo gya Kasawo mu ngeri ennyangu n’okugoberera amateeka g’omu kitundu nga bayingiza ebyamaguzi mu Afghanistan, okukozesa kkampuni za kasitooma ezimanyiddwa kiyinza okuyamba okutambulira mu nkola z’ebitongole mu ngeri ennungi. Okutwaliza awamu wadde nga waliwo okusoomoozebwa okwekuusa ku nsonga z’ebyokwerinda n’okukulaakulanya ebizimbe okutono; okutambuza emigugu mu nnyonyi okuyita ku kisaawe ky’ennyonyi e Kabul kiwa enkola ennungamu ey’okutambuza ebintu mu nsi yonna ate entambula y’oku nguudo mu ggwanga ekola ku byetaago by’okusaasaanya mu ggwanga mu ggwanga. Kikulu okukola okunoonyereza okw’amaanyi ku bakola eby’okutambuza eby’amaguzi ab’ettutumu nga tonnagenda mu maaso na kusindika kwonna okuyingira oba okufuluma Afghanistan, ng’otunuulira ensonga ng’obumanyirivu mu kitundu kino, eby’okwerinda, n’okugoberera amateeka g’omu kitundu. Okulondoola embeera y’ebyobufuzi n’okwebuuza ku bakugu abamanyi embeera y’okutambuza ebintu mu Afghanistan nakyo kisobola okuyamba okulaba ng’emirimu gya bizinensi gigenda bulungi mu ggwanga.
Emikutu gy’okukulaakulanya abaguzi

Emyoleso gy’ebyobusuubuzi emikulu

Afghanistan, located in Central Asia, offers various development channels and exhibitions for international buyers to engage in trade and business opportunities. This article will discuss some of the significant international procurement avenues and exhibitions in Afghanistan. 1. Kabul International Trade Fair: The Kabul International Trade Fair is one of the most prominent events in Afghanistan, attracting numerous international buyers seeking business opportunities within the country. This exhibition showcases a wide range of products such as textiles, machinery, electronics, construction materials, food products, and much more. It is an excellent platform for connecting with Afghan businesses and exploring potential partnerships. 2. Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industries (ACCI): The Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industries plays a crucial role in promoting trade between Afghanistan and the rest of the world. It facilitates networking among local businesses while also providing information on export-import policies, market analysis reports, investment opportunities, etc. International buyers can connect with ACCI to identify reliable suppliers or explore potential collaborations. 3. Ministry of Commerce & Industry (MoCI): The Ministry of Commerce & Industry is responsible for formulating trade policies aimed at stimulating economic growth through domestic production and foreign investments. International buyers can cooperate with MoCI to navigate legal procedures related to import-export licenses or gain insights into market trends. 4. Export Promotion Agency (EPAA): The Export Promotion Agency serves as a bridge between Afghan producers/exporters and international buyers/investors by promoting Afghan products worldwide through participation in various events like trade fairs/exhibitions outside Afghanistan or organizing buyer-seller meets within the country itself. 5. USAID Promote Program: USAID's Promote program focuses on economic empowerment initiatives for women entrepreneurs in Afghanistan who often face challenges regarding access to markets or resources required for business expansion. Through this program's networking events/seminars focused on women-led enterprises across different sectors such as agriculture/textiles/handicrafts/services – international buyers can identify potential partners while contributing to women's economic empowerment. 6. Agriculture Exhibitions: Afghanistan is known for its agricultural produce such as saffron, fruits, nuts, and spices. Therefore, agricultural exhibitions like the AgFair provide a platform for international buyers looking to procure high-quality Afghan agricultural products directly from local farmers and producers. 7. Natural Resource and Mining Exhibitions: Given Afghanistan's substantial deposits of natural resources like minerals such as copper, iron ore, and precious stones, exhibitions like the International MineExpo focus on highlighting investment opportunities in the mining sector. International buyers interested in sourcing raw materials or investing in mining projects can participate in these exhibitions. It is essential to note that due to security concerns or logistical challenges related to infrastructure development in Afghanistan, some exhibitions/events may have limited availability or fluctuating schedules. International buyers are advised to stay updated with reliable sources like embassy websites or trade association portals regarding upcoming events/exhibitions before planning their business visits. In conclusion, Afghanistan offers several significant international procurement channels through its trade fairs/exhibitions like the Kabul International Trade Fair and specific agencies/institutions such as ACCI or MoCI dedicated to promoting bilateral trade partnerships. By engaging with these platforms effectively, international buyers can explore diverse business opportunities across various sectors within this dynamic Central Asian nation.
Mu Afghanistan, emikutu gy’okunoonya egyakozesebwa ennyo gye gino wammanga: 1. Google: Ng’omukutu gw’okunoonya ogusinga okwettanirwa mu nsi yonna, Google ekozesebwa nnyo ne mu Afghanistan. Ewa ebivuddemu bingi nnyo era egaba enkyusa ez’omu kitundu ez’amawanga ag’enjawulo. Enkyusa ya Afghanistan osobola okugifuna ku mukutu gwa www.google.com.af. 2. Bing: Yakolebwa Microsoft, Bing ye nkola endala ey’okunoonya ekozesebwa ennyo mu Afghanistan. Ewa enkola y’okunoonya ku mukutu gwa yintaneeti wamu n’ebintu ng’okunoonya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo. Osobola okugifuna ku mukutu gwa www.bing.com. 3. Yahoo: Wadde nga temanyiddwa nnyo nga Google oba Bing, Yahoo ekyakuuma okubeerawo mu katale k’emikutu gy’okunoonya mu Afghanistan. Ewa empeereza ez'enjawulo nga email, amawulire, ebyensimbi, era ddala web searching feature too. Enkyusa yaayo ey’Olufghan osobola okugifuna ku mukutu gwa www.yahoo.com.af. 4. AOL Search: AOL (America Online) nayo erina enkola y’okunoonya ekozesebwa abakozesa yintaneeti mu Afghanistan okuzuula amawulire ku mukutu. Osobola okugisanga ku mukutu gwa www.search.aol.com. 5 DuckDuckGo: Emanyiddwa olw’enkola yaayo ey’okunoonya eby’ekyama mu kunoonya yintaneeti nga tekung’aanyizza bikwata ku bantu okuva mu bakozesa, DuckDuckGo yeeyongera okwettanirwa mu nsi yonna omuli ne mu Afghanistan. Laba omukutu gwabwe ogwa yintaneeti ku www.duckduckgo.com. 6 Naver: Omukutu gwa yintaneeti ogwa South Korea ogulina omukutu gw’okunoonya ogw’amaanyi ogukola ng’ekimu ku bintu ebikulu eri abakozesa Afghanistan abaagala okunoonya okwesigamiziddwa ku Korea oba abanoonya ebirimu eby’omu kitundu kya Asia ebikwatagana ne Korea n’ebitundu ebirala ebikwatagana nabyo - ebituusibwako okuyita ku mukutu gwayo ogwa homepage naver .com Zino ze zimu ku mikutu gy’okunoonya egya bulijjo era egyakozesebwa ennyo mu Afghanistan egiwa olukusa okuyingira ku mikutu egy’enjawulo okusinziira ku bibuuzo by’abakozesa n’ebyo bye baagala.

Emiko emikulu egya kyenvu

Mu Afghanistan, ensibuko enkulu ey’empapula eza kyenvu okusinga eyitira mu ndagiriro eziri ku mutimbagano. Dayirekita zino ziwa ebikwata ku bizinensi, ebibiina, n’abantu ssekinnoomu mu bitundu eby’enjawulo okwetoloola eggwanga. Bino bye bimu ku mikutu gya yellow pages emikulu mu Afghanistan: 1. Kabul Yellow Pages: Omukutu guno gukuwa olukalala lw’ebintu ebikola bizinensi mu Kabul n’ebibuga ebirala ebinene mu Afghanistan. Ekwata ku bintu bingi omuli wooteeri, eby’okulya, amalwaliro, amasomero, kkampuni ezizimba, n’ebirala. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.kabulyellowpages.com 2. Afghan Biz: Afghan Biz ye dayirekita ku yintaneeti egaba amawulire ku bizinensi ezikola mu Afghanistan yonna. Mulimu ebika ng’ebyobulimi, eby’emmotoka, bbanka n’ebyensimbi, ebifo eby’enjigiriza, ebitongole by’obulambuzi n’ebirala bingi. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.afghanbiz.com 3. Arian Online Yellow Pages: Arian Online Yellow Pages y’emu ku ndagiriro ezikulembedde ku yintaneeti ezissa essira ku nkolagana wakati wa bizinensi ne bizinensi mu Afghanistan. Ewa olukalala lw’amakolero ag’enjawulo nga abagaba empeereza y’amasimu, abakola/abagaba/abasuubuzi b’ebintu/empeereza ez’enjawulo n’ebirala. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.yellowpagesafghanistan.net 4. Manta Afghanistan: Manta ye dayirekita y’ensi yonna ku yintaneeti era ekola ng’omukutu gwa yellow pages ogugatta bizinensi ez’enjawulo mu nsi yonna omuli n’ezo ezikola mu nsalo za Afghanistan. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti; www.manta.com/ensi/Asia-ne-Pacific/Afghanistan/ 5. Yellow Pages by EasyFind.af : EasyFind.af egaba ekitundu ekinene eky’empapula za kyenvu nga mulimu ebika bingi nga biriko olukalala olujjuvu okuva mu bitundu eby’enjawulo mu Afghanistan. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti : www.easyfind.af/en/ Emikutu gino giwa enkola z’okunoonya ezisobozesa abakozesa okuzuula ebintu oba empeereza ebitongole bye beetaaga wamu n’ebikwata ku bantu ng’ennamba z’essimu oba endagiriro. Nsaba omanye nti emikutu gino giyinza okukyusibwa oba okwongerwako oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera; n’olwekyo kirungi okugenda ku mikutu gyabwe butereevu okufuna amawulire amatuufu era ag’omulembe ku mpapula za kyenvu eza Afghanistan.

Emikutu emikulu egy’obusuubuzi

Waliwo emikutu emikulu egiwerako egy’obusuubuzi ku yintaneeti mu Afghanistan. Wano, nja kuwandiika ebimu ku byo wamu n’endagiriro zaabwe ez’omukutu gwa yintaneeti: 1. Akatale ka Afghanistan ku yintaneeti (www.afghanistanonlinemarket.com) Omukutu guno gukola ebintu bingi omuli ebyuma, emisono, ebyuma by’omu nnyumba, n’ebirala. Ewa enkola ennyangu okukozesa n’engeri y’okusasula ey’obukuumi. 2. Obusuubuzi ku yintaneeti mu Afghanistan (afgcommerce.com) . Afghan E-Commerce y’emu ku butale obusinga okubeera ku yintaneeti mu Afghanistan. Ewa ebintu eby’enjawulo ng’engoye, ebyuma, eby’okwewunda, n’ebikozesebwa mu mizannyo. 3. Okugula ebintu ku yintaneeti e Kabul (www.kabulonlineshopping.com) Omukutu guno gusobozesa abakozesa okugula ebintu eby’enjawulo omuli engoye, ebikozesebwa, ebintu eby’okuyooyoota awaka, n’ebyuma by’omu ffumbiro. Ewa empeereza ennyangu ey’okutuusa ebintu mu bibuga ebinene mu Afghanistan. 4. Aryanbazaar (https://www.kiv.b/.) Aryanbazaar nkola ya busuubuzi ku yintaneeti ng'essira eriteeka ku kuwa ebintu ebituufu eby'e Afghanistan ng'amajolobero, ebintu by'engoye z'ekinnansi ng'engoye z'Abapashtun n'amakanzu g'abasajja agayitibwa "Khet Partoog", eby'emikono ebikolebwa abakozi b'emikono mu kitundu. 5. BazarOnlineAfghanistan (https://www.bw.n.) BazarOnlineAfghanistan ye nkola y'okugula ebintu ku yintaneeti egaba ebika by'ebintu eby'enjawulo ng'engoye z'emisono eri abasajja n'abakazi omuli engoye ezikoleddwa mu ggwanga ezimanyiddwa nga "engoye z'Afghani," ebyuma eby'amasannyalaze nga ssimu ez'amaanyi & ttabuleeti wamu n'ebyuma by'omu nnyumba. Kikulu okumanya nti enkola y’obusuubuzi ku yintaneeti mu Afghanistan ekyakulaakulana; n’olwekyo, enkula yaayo eyinza okukulaakulana okumala ekiseera ng’abapya abayingira beegatta ku katale.

Emikutu emikulu egy’empuliziganya

Afghanistan nsi ya njawulo era ng’omuwendo gw’abantu abayingira yintaneeti gweyongera. Wadde emikutu gy’empuliziganya tegimanyiddwa nnyo nga mu mawanga amalala agamu, wakyaliwo emikutu egiwerako egy’ettutumu abantu mu Afghanistan gye bakozesa okuyunga n’okugabana amawulire. Bino bye bimu ku mikutu gy’empuliziganya egisinga okukozesebwa mu Afghanistan, wamu n’emikutu gyabyo egy’enjawulo: 1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Tewali kubuusabuusa nti Facebook y’esinga okwettanirwa emikutu gy’empuliziganya mu nsi yonna, omuli ne Afghanistan. Kisobozesa abakozesa okukwatagana n’emikwano n’ab’omu maka gaabwe, okugabana ebifaananyi n’obutambi, okwegatta ku bibinja oba emikolo, n’okugoberera emikutu gy’amawulire. 2. Twitter (www.twitter.com): Twitter ye nkola endala ekozesebwa ennyo mu Afghanistan okumanyisa ebipya mu kiseera ekituufu ku nsonga ez’enjawulo, omuli amawulire, ebyobufuzi, eby’amasanyu, emizannyo, n’ebirala. Abakozesa basobola okuteeka obubaka obumpi obumanyiddwa nga tweets obusobola okusiimibwa oba okugabana abalala. 3. Instagram (www.instagram.com): Instagram nkola ya kugabana bifaananyi ng’abakozesa basobola okuteeka ebifaananyi oba obutambi obumpi nga buwerekerwako ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa n’ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa. Efunye ettutumu mu bavubuka ba Afghanistan olw’okwolesa obuyiiya bwabwe nga bayita mu bifaananyi ebirabika. 4. LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): LinkedIn nkola ya mikutu gya kikugu ekozesebwa nnyo abantu ssekinnoomu abanoonya okugaziya enkolagana yaabwe ey’ekikugu. Kisobozesa abakozesa okukola profiles eziraga obuyigirize bwabwe n’obumanyirivu mu mirimu nga bwe bakwatagana ne bannaabwe okuva mu makolero ag’enjawulo. 5. YouTube (www.youtube.com): YouTube egaba ekibiina ekinene eky’ebintu bya vidiyo ebikoleddwa abantu ssekinnoomu oba ebibiina mu nsi yonna - okuva ku vidiyo z’ennyimba okutuuka ku kusomesebwa - ekigifuula ey’ettutumu ennyo mu bakozesa aba Afghanistan abanoonya eby’amasanyu oba eby’okusomesa. 6 . WhatsApp: WhatsApp egaba obubaka obw’amangu wamu n’okukuba essimu mu ddoboozi n’okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku vidiyo okusobola okuwuliziganya omuntu ku muntu oba okunyumya mu bibinja ku yintaneeti. 7 . Viber: Efaananako ne WhatsApp naye nga tefuga nnyo mu buganzi okusinga ku gw’evuganya naye; Viber era etuusa obubaka ng’obubaka ku ssimu ku mabbali g’amaloboozi okuyita ku byuma eby’enjawulo ng’eyita ku yintaneeti. 8 . Telegram: Telegram emanyiddwa olw’okuwa obusobozi bw’okuweereza obubaka mu ngeri ey’obukuumi ate ng’ekozesa tekinologiya ow’okusiba okuva ku nkomerero okutuuka ku nkomerero akakasa nti omuntu alina eby’ekyama. Abakozesa basobola okukola emikutu oba ebibinja okugabana obubaka, ebifaananyi, ne vidiyo. Bino bye bimu ku mikutu gya yintaneeti egyafunye obuganzi mu Afghanistan. Abantu ssekinnoomu n’ebibiina mu ggwanga bakozesa emikutu gino olw’ebigendererwa eby’enjawulo okuva ku mpuliziganya, eby’amasanyu, okukozesa amawulire, okukolagana n’abantu n’ebirala mu nsi eyeeyongera okukwatagana.

Ebibiina ebinene eby’amakolero

Afghanistan erina ebibiina by’amakolero ebikulu ebiwerako ebikiikirira ebitundu by’ebyenfuna eby’enjawulo. Bino bye bimu ku bibiina by’amakolero ebimanyiddwa mu Afghanistan: 1. Ekibiina ky’abasuubuzi n’amakolero mu Afghanistan (ACCI): ACCI kibiina ekikulembedde ekikiikiridde ab’obwannannyini era kigenderera okutumbula enkulaakulana y’ebyenfuna n’enkulaakulana mu Afghanistan. Ewa bizinensi n’obuyambi, omuli n’okulwanirira enkyukakyuka mu nkola. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: http://www.acci.org.af/ 2. Ekibiina ky’abakyala mu Afghanistan (AWCCI): AWCCI essira erisinga kulissa ku kuwagira abakyala abasuubuzi n’abasuubuzi mu Afghanistan, okutendeka, okubuulirira, emikisa gy’okukolagana n’abantu, n’okulwanirira eddembe lyabwe mu kibiina ky’abasuubuzi. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: https://www.awcci.af/ 3. Ekibiina ky’abasuubuzi mu Afghanistan ne Amerika (AACC): AACC etumbula eby’obusuubuzi wakati wa Afghanistan ne Amerika ng’eyamba kkampuni z’Amerika ezinoonya emikisa gya bizinensi mu Afghanistan ate nga era ewagira kkampuni za Afghanistan ezaagala okuyingira akatale ka U.S. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: http://a-acc.org/ 4. Federation of Afghan Craftsmen & Traders (Fact): Ensonga ekiikirira abakozi b’emikono, abakozi b’emikono, abasuubuzi, abafulumya ebweru/ababundabunda abeenyigira mu mirimu gy’emikono egy’ennono ng’okubajja, okuluka rug, okukola eby’amajolobero, okukola eby’okukola eby’obuseegu n’ebirala, nga baluubirira okukuuma obukugu obw’ennono ate nga ba facilitating akatale k’akatale okutuuka mu ggwanga n’ensi yonna. 5.Afghanistan Builders Association (ABA): ABA ekiikirira kkampuni ezizimba ezikola ku pulojekiti z’okutumbula ebizimbe ng’ebizimbe by’okusulamu; enguudo; ebibanda; ebizimbe ebigaba amazzi n’ebirala. 6.Afghanistan Medical Association(AMA) kibiina ekikiikiridde abakugu mu by'obujjanjabi omuli abasawo,abalongoosa,ba nurse,n'abalala abakola okutuuka ku kuwa ebyobulamu mu kitundu kyonna ekya afghan. Nsaba omanye nti emikutu gino gyali mituufu mu kiseera we twawandiika eky’okuddamu kino naye giyinza okukyusibwa oba okulongoosebwa.

Emikutu gya yintaneeti egy’ebyobusuubuzi n’ebyobusuubuzi

Afghanistan, ensi etali ku lukalu mu South-Central Asia, erina emikutu gy’empuliziganya egy’ebyenfuna n’ebyobusuubuzi egiwerako egiwa amawulire ag’omuwendo eri abasuubuzi ne bamusigansimbi. Wano waliwo ebimu ku bimanyiddwa ennyo nga balina URL zaabwe ez’omukutu gwa yintaneeti: 1. Afghanistan Investment Support Agency (AISA) - omukutu omutongole ogw’okutumbula emikisa gy’okusiga ensimbi mu Afghanistan. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: http://aisa.org.af/ 2. Ekibiina ky’abasuubuzi n’amakolero mu Afghanistan (ACCI) - omukutu ogukiikiridde bizinensi za Afghanistan ezikwatibwako mu bitundu eby’enjawulo. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: http://www.acci.org.af/ 3. Ekibiina ky’abasuubuzi mu Afghanistan ne Amerika (AACC) - kiwagira eby’obusuubuzi wakati wa Afghanistan ne Amerika. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: https://a-acc.org/ 4. Ekitongole ekitumbula ebweru w’eggwanga ekya Afghanistan (EPAA) - ekyewaddeyo okutumbula ebintu bya Afghanistan mu butale bw’ensi yonna. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: http://epaa.gov.af/ 5. Minisitule y’ebyobusuubuzi n’amakolero, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan - ekitongole kya gavumenti ekikola ku nsonga ezikwata ku by’obusuubuzi. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: https://moci.gov.af/en 6. Central Statistics Organization (CSO) - egaba ebikwata ku bibalo ebikwata ku by’enfuna, obungi bw’abantu, n’amawulire amalala agakwatagana agakwata ku Afghanistan. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: https://cso.gov.af/ 7. International Trade Center (ITC) – Ewa eby’obugagga eby’okutumbula obusobozi bw’okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga mu bitongole bya Afghanistan nga bayita mu bikozesebwa mu kukessi ku by’obusuubuzi n’enteekateeka z’okuzimba obusobozi Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: https://www.intracen.org/itc/amawanga/afghanistan 8. Da Afghanistan Bank – Bbanka enkulu ey’eggwanga erondoola enkola y’ensimbi, okulungamya bbanka, okutebenkera kw’emiwendo gy’ensimbi n’ebirala, ng’ewa ebipya mu kitongole ky’ebyensimbi Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: https://dab.gov.af/lu/awaka Emikutu gino gikola ng’emikutu emikulu egy’okufuna amawulire ku mikisa gy’okusiga ensimbi, lipoota z’okunoonyereza ku katale, ebibalo by’ebyobusuubuzi, ebiragiro & enkola ebipya wamu n’ebikwata ku bantu okubuuza ku bizinensi. Nsaba omanye nti emikutu gino giyinza okukyusibwa oba okukyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera; n’olwekyo kirungi okukakasa obutuufu bwazo nga zikozesebwa

Emikutu gy’empuliziganya egy’okubuuza data mu by’obusuubuzi

Waliwo emikutu gy’empuliziganya egiwerako gy’osobola okusanga ebikwata ku by’obusuubuzi ku Afghanistan. Wano waliwo ebyokulabirako wamu n’endagiriro zaabwe ez’omukutu gwa yintaneeti: 1. Minisitule y’ebyobusuubuzi n’amakolero mu Afghanistan: Omukutu omutongole ogwa Minisitule y’ebyobusuubuzi n’amakolero mu Afghanistan guwa amawulire ku nkola z’ebyobusuubuzi, ebiragiro, n’ebibalo. Osobola okufuna ebikwata ku by’obusuubuzi ng’ogenda ku mukutu gwabwe ogwa yintaneeti ku www.commerce.gov.af. 2. Afghanistan Central Statistics Organization (CSO): CSO evunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okufulumya amawulire agakwata ku bibalo mu Afghanistan, omuli n’ebikwata ku by’obusuubuzi. Ebibalo ebikwata ku by’obusuubuzi osobola okubisanga ku mukutu gwabwe ogwa yintaneeti ku www.cso.gov.af. 3. Ekifo ky’ebyobusuubuzi mu nsi yonna (ITC): ITC egaba amawulire mangi agakwata ku by’obusuubuzi by’ensi yonna, omuli okwekenneenya akatale n’ebibalo by’ebyobusuubuzi by’amawanga ag’enjawulo omuli ne Afghanistan. Kyalira omukutu gwabwe ku www.intracen.org okufuna database. 4. Banka y’ensi yonna Open Data: Banka y’ensi yonna egaba omukisa ogw’olubeerera okulaba ebikwata ku nkulaakulana y’ensi yonna, omuli ebibalo by’ebyobusuubuzi by’ensi yonna eby’amawanga ag’enjawulo, omuli ne Afghanistan. Osobola okunoonyereza ku database eno ku data.worldbank.org. 5. United Nations Comtrade Database: UN Comtrade Database erimu ebibalo ebikwata ku by’amaguzi eby’amawanga gombi ebikwata ku kuyingiza/okufulumya ebintu ebifulumizibwa amawanga ag’enjawulo mu nsi yonna, omuli ne Afghanistan. Yingira mu database ku comtrade.un.org. Weetegereze nti emikutu egimu giyinza okwetaagisa okwewandiisa oba okuyingira okusobola okufuna data enzijuvu oba ebitundu ebimu ku mikutu gyagyo.

Ebifo bya B2b

Afghanistan nsi ekulaakulana esangibwa mu masekkati ga Asia. Wadde nga erina okusoomoozebwa, waliwo emikutu gya B2B egiwerako egikola munda mu Afghanistan. Bino bye bimu ku bimanyiddwa ennyo: 1. Afghan Biz: Omukutu guno gugenderera okuyunga bizinensi za Afghanistan n’abaguzi n’abagaba ebintu mu ggwanga n’ensi yonna. Ewa ebintu n’obuweereza obw’enjawulo mu makolero ag’enjawulo. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.afghanbiz.com 2. Ekibiina ky’abasuubuzi n’amakolero mu Afghanistan (ACCI): ACCI erina omukutu ku yintaneeti oguyamba enkolagana wakati wa bizinensi ne bizinensi wakati wa bammemba baayo. Ewa emikisa gy’okukolagana, emikolo gy’obusuubuzi, n’okukolagana mu bizinensi. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.afghan-chamber.com 3. Afghanistani.com: Omukutu guno ogwa B2B gussa essira ku kutumbula ebintu ebikolebwa abakola ebintu mu Afghanistan eri abo abayinza okugula mu nsi yonna. Egenderera okutumbula ebyamaguzi ebifulumizibwa ebweru w’eggwanga okuva mu Afghanistan ng’egatta abakola ebintu mu ggwanga n’obutale bw’ensi yonna. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.afghanistani.com 4. Eximgoat: Nga bakuguse mu kwanguyiza ebweru w’eggwanga n’okuyingiza ebintu mu ggwanga, omukutu guno gugatta bizinensi za Afghanistan n’abasuubuzi b’ensi yonna ku mirimu gy’obusuubuzi egy’omunda n’ebweru. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.eximgoat.com 5. eTrader Afghanistan: Ekoleddwa ng’akatale k’ebyuma bikalimagezi, eTrader Afghanistan esobozesa bizinensi okulaga ebintu oba empeereza zaabwe, okunoonya abaguzi oba abaguzi, okuteesa ku ddiiru, n’okuddukanya emirimu ku yintaneeti. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: www.e-trader.gov.af 6. EasyMandi Kabul Market Platform (EKMP): Yakolebwa naddala eri abakola ebyobulimi mu ssaza ly’e Kabul, EKMP ekkiriza abalimi okutunda ebibala byabwe butereevu eri abasuubuzi oba abasuubuzi ba wholesale mu kibuga nga bayita mu nkola ya yintaneeti. Omukutu gwa yintaneeti: Teguliiwo. Enkola zino eza B2B ziwa eby’obugagga eby’omuwendo eri bizinensi za Afghanistan ezinoonya emikisa gy’okukulaakulana mu ggwanga n’ensi yonna nga ziyamba enkolagana wakati w’abaguzi n’abatunzi okuva mu makolero ag’enjawulo ng’ebyobulimi, amakolero, eby’okugonjoola tekinologiya n’ebirala. Nsaba omanye nti wadde nga emikutu gino giwandiikiddwa wano okusinziira ku mawulire agaliwo mu kiseera ky’okuwandiika eky’okuddamu kuno (March 2021), kyetaagisa okukakasa bulijjo obwesige bwagyo, obukwatagana, n’embeera yaago erongooseddwa nga tonnaba kukwatagana nabyo.
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