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Limmaraka tse ka Sehloohong
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Kakaretso ea Naha
Iraq, e tsejoang ka molao e le Rephabliki ea Iraq, ke naha e fumanehang Asia Bophirima. E arolelana meeli ea eona le linaha tse 'maloa ho kenyeletsa Turkey ka leboea, Iran ka bochabela, Kuwait le Saudi Arabia ka boroa, Jordane ka boroa-bophirimela, le Syria ka bophirimela. Ka palo e hakanyetsoang ea batho ba fetang limilione tse 40, Iraq ke naha e fapaneng e nang le setso se ruileng. Motse-moholo oa Iraq ke Baghdad, e sebetsang e le setsi sa lipolotiki le moruo sa naha. Searabia se tsejoa e le puo ea molao ea Iraq ha Kurdish e boetse e le maemong a semmuso Sebakeng sa Kurdistan. Bongata ba baahi ba Iraq ba sebelisa Boislamo 'me bo bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho bopeng setso le mokhoa oa bona oa bophelo. Iraq esale e nkuoa e le Mesopotamia kapa 'naha e lipakeng tsa linoka tse peli' ka lebaka la sebaka sa eona se setle lipakeng tsa linoka tsa Tigris le Euphrates. Linoka ka bobeli li bile le karolo ea bohlokoa ho theheng lekala la temo la Iraq ka ho fana ka mobu o nonneng bakeng sa mekhoa ea khale ea temo. Tlhahiso ea oli e etsa karolo e kholo ea moruo oa Iraq ka mehloli e mengata e etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea linaha tse hlahisang oli lefatšeng ka bophara. Ntle le liindasteri tse amanang le oli tse kang li-refineries kapa limela tsa petrochemical, likarolo tse ling tse kang temo (koro, harese), ho ntšoa ha khase ea tlhaho (haufi le libaka tsa polokelo ea oli), bahahlauli ba etelang libaka tsa khale (tse kang Babylona kapa Hatra) ba kenya letsoho molemong oa chelete ea naha. Leha ho le joalo, ho se tsitse ha lipolotiki ho bakiloeng ke likhohlano ka lilemo tse mashome ho lebisitse mathateng a fapaneng bakeng sa Iraq joalo ka pefo e tsoang ho lihlopha tsa marabele le likhohlano tsa maquloana lipakeng tsa Masunni le Mashiite. Litaba tsena li sitisitse boiteko ba ntlafatso ea moruo ha li ntse li ama bonngoe ba sechaba har'a merabe e fapaneng e lulang ka har'a meeli ea Iraq. Boiteko bo ntse bo etsoa ke mekhatlo ka bobeli ea 'muso oa naha ka tšehetso e tsoang mekhatlong ea machaba ho aha bocha meaho e senyehileng nakong ea lintoa hammoho le ho khothaletsa maano a ho aha khotso bakeng sa botsitso ba nako e telele. Qetellong, Iraq ke naha e nang le merabe e fapaneng e ruileng nalaneng e fumanehang kahara Bophirima ba Asia. Le hoja e tobane le mathata a bakiloeng ke likhohlano tsa nakong e fetileng, e tsoela pele ho loanela ho ntlafatsa moruo, ho sireletsa setso le bonngoe ba sechaba.
Chelete ea Naha
Boemo ba chelete ea Iraq bo khetholloa ke tšebeliso e atileng ea Iraqi Dinar (IQD). Dinar ea Iraq ke chelete ea molao ea Iraq, e hlahisitsoeng ka 1932 ho nkela rupee ea India sebaka ha Iraq e fumana boipuso. Letšoao la dinar ke "د.ع" kapa "IQD" feela. Banka e bohareng ea Iraq, e tsejoang ka hore ke Banka e Bohareng ea Iraq (CBI), e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho tsamaiseng le ho laola chelete ea naha. CBI e fana ka litaba le ho laola boleng ba dinare tsa Iraq, ho netefatsa botsitso ka har'a tsamaiso ea eona ea lichelete. Leha ho le joalo, ho tloha ha e qala, dinar ea Iraq e bile le liphetoho tse kholo tsa boleng ka lebaka la lintlha tse fapaneng tsa moruo le tsa lipolotiki tse amang Iraq. Ho latela nalane, nakong ea likhohlano kapa ho hloka botsitso lipolotiking, ho bile le likhaello tse kholo tse lebisang ho hyperinflation. Hajoale, hoo e ka bang 1 USD e lekana le 1,450 IQD. Sekhahla sena sa phapanyetsano se lutse se tsitsitse lilemong tsa morao tjena ka liphetoho tse nyane tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng. Ho tsamaisa litšebelisano tsa lichelete le ho khothaletsa kholo ea moruo ka har'a 'maraka oa lehae oa Iraq, ho sebelisoa malumeli a fapaneng bakeng sa lintlha: 50 IQD, 250 IQD, 500 IQD, 1000 IQD, joalo-joalo ho ea ho likereke tse phahameng ho kenyelletsa le chelete e sa tsoa hlahisoa ea boleng ba 50k (50 sekete) IQD. Litšebelisano tsa khoebo tsa kantle ho naha li itšetlehile haholo ka lidolara tsa US kapa licheleteng tse ling tse kholo tsa machaba kaha ho hloka botsitso mabapi le ts'ireletso le botsitso ho ntse ho ama ts'epo ea batsetetsi ea ho sebelisa chelete ea lehae bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kholoanyane. Qetellong, ha Iraq e sebelisa chelete ea eona ea naha-dinar ea Iraq-bakeng sa litšebelisano tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa lehae tlas'a litekanyetso tse batlang li tsitsitse tsa phapanyetsano hona joale khahlanong le lichelete tse kholo tsa machaba tse kang USD; ho itšetleha ka lichelete tsa kantle ho naha ho rena bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea khoebo e kholoanyane ka lebaka la matšoenyeho a amanang le ho se tsitse ha moruo le ho se tsitse ha lipolotiki.
Sekhahla sa phapanyetsano
Chelete ea molao ea Iraq ke Iraqi Dinar (IQD). Ha e le likhakanyo tsa likhakanyo tsa phapanyetsano le lichelete tsa lefats'e tse kholo, lipalo tse bonts'ang ho tloha ka Phato 2021 ke tsena: 1 USD ≈ 1,460 IQD 1 EUR ≈ 1,730 IQD 1 GBP ≈ 2,010 IQD JPY e le 'ngoe ≈ 13.5 IQD 1 CNY ≈ 225.5 IQD Ka kopo hlokomela hore litefiso tsena tsa phapanyetsano li ka fapana, 'me ho bohlokoa ho botsa mohloli o tšepahalang kapa setsi sa lichelete bakeng sa litefiso tsa morao-rao.
Matsatsi a Phomolo a Bohlokwa
Iraq ke naha e nang le mefuta e fapaneng e ruileng ea setso e ketekang matsatsi a phomolo a bohlokoa selemo ho pota. O mong oa mekete ea bohlokoahali Iraq ke Eid al-Fitr, e tšoaeang pheletso ea Ramadan, khoeli e halalelang ea ho itima lijo ho Mamoseleme. Mokete ona o ketekoa ka thabo e kholo le ka cheseho. Malapa le metsoalle ba bokana hammoho ho rapela li-mosque, ho fapanyetsana limpho le ho thabela lijo tse hlabosang. Letsatsi le leng la phomolo la bohlokoa Iraq ke Ashura, e hlokometsoeng ke Mamosleme a Shia ho ikhopotsa ho shoela tumelo ha Imam Hussein, setloholo sa Moprofeta Muhammad. Ke ketsahalo e mahlonoko e tletseng mekoloko, lipuo tse mabapi le sehlabelo sa Hussein bakeng sa toka le 'nete, hammoho le meetlo ea boithati. Iraq e boetse e keteka Letsatsi la eona la Sechaba ka July 14th - sehopotso sa Letsatsi la Phetohelo ha borena bo ne bo ketoloa ka 1958. Ka letsatsi lena, batho ba kopanela mesebetsing e sa tšoaneng ea ho rata naha e kenyeletsang li-parade, lipontšo tsa li-fireworks, liketsahalo tsa setso tse bontšang lefa le ruileng la Iraq. Ho feta moo, Bakreste ba Iraq ba keteka Keresemese ka la 25 Tšitoe ho latela meetlo ea bona ea Bophirima. Sechaba sa Bakreste se kopana hammoho bakeng sa litšebeletso tsa 'misa har'a mp'a bosiu likerekeng naheng ka bophara. Bakreste ba Iraq ba fapanyetsana limpho moketeng ona oa mokete ’me ba thabela lijo tse khethehileng le baratuoa ba bona. Ho feta moo, Letsatsi la Selemo se Secha (la 1 Pherekhong) le na le bohlokoa ho merabe le malumeli ha batho ba le keteka ka lipontšo tsa li-fireworks, meketjana kapa likopano le ba lelapa le metsoalle. Ho ke ho hlokomeloe hore mekete ena e fetotsoe ka lebaka la merusu ea lipolotiki kapa litaba tsa ts'ireletso tse tobaneng le Iraq lilemong tsa morao tjena empa e ntse e le ea bohlokoa haholo ho baahi ba eona ba amohelang mefuta-futa ea meetlo ho sa tsotellehe mathata ao sechaba sa bona se tobaneng le 'ona.
Boemo ba Khoebo ea Kantle ho Naha
Iraq, e tsejoang ka molao e le Rephabliki ea Iraq, ke naha e Asia Bophirima. E na le moruo o tsoakaneng le indasteri ea oli e leng eona mokhanni o moholo oa kholo ea moruo le chelete ea lichelete tsa kantle ho naha. Lekala la khoebo la Iraq le na le karolo e kholo moruong oa lona. Naha e rekisetsa kantle haholo-holo oli le lihlahisoa tsa peterole, tse ikarabellang bakeng sa karolo e kholo ea kakaretso ea thepa ea eona ea kantle ho naha. Iraq e na le e 'ngoe ea linaha tse nang le oli e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng,' me ke e 'ngoe ea linaha tse hlahisang oli lefatšeng ka bophara. Ntle le oli, Iraq e boetse e romela thepa e 'ngoe e kang lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale, menontsha, liminerale (ho kenyeletsoa koporo le samente), masela le matsatsi. Leha ho le jwalo, diyantle tsena tseo e seng tsa oli di batla di le nyane ha di bapiswa le balekane ba tsona ba peterole. Iraq e itšetlehile haholo ka thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha bakeng sa thepa ea bareki, mechini, likoloi, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase, lijo (joalo ka koro) le thepa ea kaho. Balekane ba ka sehloohong ba kantle ho naha ba kenyelletsa Turkey, China, Iran, Korea Boroa, UAE, le Saudi Arabia har'a tse ling. Mmuso o nkile mehato ea ho fapanyetsana moruo oa Iraq ka ho khothaletsa makala a kang a temo le bohahlauli ho fokotsa ho its'etleha ho lekeno la oli. Ba boetse ba khothalelitse matsete a tsoang kantle ho naha ka mafolofolo ka ho fana ka litšusumetso tse kang ho phomola lekhetho le ho theha libaka tse khethehileng tsa moruo. Leha ho le joalo, ho se tsitse ha morao tjena ho bakiloeng ke likhohlano ka hare ho naha ho bile le litlamorao tse mpe mesebetsing ea khoebo.Iraq e tobane le liqholotso tse amanang le nts'etsopele ea meaho, likhohlano tsa sesole, likoluoa ​​​​tsa tlhaho, le ho hloka botsitso lipolotiking tse sitisang bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea lehae hammoho le litšebelisano tsa khoebo tsa machabeng. litaba tse amanang le ts'ireletso hangata li sitisa liketane tsa phepelo, tse hlahisang litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa thepa bakeng sa barekisi ba Iraq. Qetellong, Iraq e itšetlehile haholo ka indasteri ea eona ea peterole bakeng sa meputso ea kantle ho naha, empa e leka ka matla ho fetola moruo oa eona.
Monyetla oa Nts'etsopele ea Maraka
Iraq, e fumanehang Bochabela bo Hare, e na le monyetla o moholo oa nts'etsopele ea 'maraka oa eona oa khoebo ea kantle ho naha. Leha e tobane le mathata a joalo ka ho hloka botsitso lipolotiking le likhohlano tsa libaka, Iraq e na le lintlha tse 'maloa tse ntle tse etsang hore e be sebaka se khahlang bakeng sa likhoebo tsa machabeng. Taba ea pele, Iraq e na le lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa tlhaho tse kang mehloli ea oli le khase. Naha ena e na le e 'ngoe ea libaka tsa polokelo ea oli e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, e leng se etsang hore e be sebapali se seholo lefatšeng ka bophara lekaleng la eneji. Sena se fana ka menyetla ea hore lik'hamphani tsa kantle ho naha li kopanele litšebelisanong le lifeme tsa lehae kapa ho tsetela ka kotloloho indastering ea oli. Taba ea bobeli, Iraq e na le mmaraka o moholo oa bareki o nang le baahi ba fetang limilione tse 39. Ho feta moo, ho na le sehlopha se mahareng se ntseng se hola se ntseng se tsoela pele ho batla thepa le litšebeletso tse tsoang kantle ho naha. Tlhokahalo ena e ntseng e eketseha e fana ka menyetla bakeng sa lik'hamphani tsa kantle ho naha ho pholletsa le makala a fapaneng joalo ka thepa ea bareki, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, lihlahisoa tsa likoloi le tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle. Taba ea boraro, boiteko ba kaho bocha ka mor'a ntoa bo theha litlhoko tsa bohlokoa tsa ntlafatso ea meralo. Naha e hloka matsete a mangata makaleng a kang a marang-rang a lipalangoang (litsela le literene), lits'ebetso tsa likhokahano (lithapo tsa fiber-optic), lifeme tsa motlakase (phehlo ea motlakase), le merero ea matlo. Likhamphani tse tsoang kantle ho naha tse sebetsanang le thepa ea kaho kapa nts'etsopele ea meaho li ka sebelisa menyetla ena. Ho feta moo, sebaka sa leano la Iraq se sebetsa e le monyetla bakeng sa likhokahano tsa khoebo tsa machaba ka lebaka la ho ba haufi le linaha tse ling tsa Koung le litsela tsa bohlokoa tsa lipalangoang tse hokahanyang Asia/Europe le Afrika. Naha e na le phihlello ea litsela tse peli tse kholo tsa metsi - Kou ea Persia le Shatt al-Arab - e lumellang lipalangoang tse ntle tsa thepa ka boema-kepe. Leha ho le joalo ho tšepisa litebello tsena e ka ba; ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka liphephetso tse itseng ha u kena 'marakeng oa Iraq joalo ka mekhoa ea tsamaiso e sitisang maemo a khoebo a bonolo kapa litaba tse amanang le bobolu tse amang pepenene. Ho phaella moo; matshwenyeho a tshireletso a ntse a rena dibakeng tse ding leha ho bile le dintlafatso dilemong tsa morao tjena. Ho rua molemo khoebong ea Iraq ka katleho; batho ba nang le thahasello ba lokela ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa 'maraka ka botlalo molemong oa sebaka seo ba se ratang ha ba ntse ba theha likamano tse matla le balekane ba lehae kapa bakena-lipakeng ba utloisisang mekhoa ea khoebo ka har'a sebaka seo.
Lihlahisoa tse rekisoang tse chesang 'marakeng
Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho khetha lihlahisoa tse rekisoang haholo bakeng sa 'maraka oa khoebo ea kantle ho Iraq, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka litlhoko tsa hajoale tsa naha, likhetho le menyetla ea moruo. Lintlha tse 'maloa tseo u lokelang ho li hopola ke tsena: 1. Nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo: Ka merero e ntseng e tsoela pele ea meralo ea motheo Iraq, ho na le tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea thepa ea kaho e kang samente, litšepe le mechine ea mohaho. 2. Lekala la Eneji: Ka lebaka la boemo ba Iraq e le e 'ngoe ea bahlahisi ba baholo ba oli lefatšeng ka bophara, ho na le menyetla ea ho romela lihlahisoa tse amanang le lekala la eneji kantle ho naha. Sena se kenyeletsa lisebelisoa tsa ho ntša oli le mekhoa ea ho hloekisa. 3. Temo: Lekala la temo Iraq le na le menyetla e mengata. Lihlahisoa tse kang manyolo, mekhoa ea ho nosetsa, mechine ea temo le lik'hemik'hale tsa temo li ka fumana 'maraka o motle mona. 4. Thepa ea bareki: Ka maemo a ntseng a eketseha a batho ba maemo a mahareng le a chelete a ka sebelisoang libakeng tse ling tsa Iraq, ho tla ba le tlhokahalo ea thepa e sebelisoang ke bareki e kang lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki (ho kenyeletsoa le li-smartphone), liaparo, litlolo le lihlahisoa tsa botle. 5. Indasteri ea lijo: Ho na le monyetla oa ho romela lihlahisoa tsa lijo tse kang raese, phofo ea koro kapa lijo-thollo tse ling ka lebaka la mefokolo ea tlhahiso ea lehae kapa khetho ea boleng. 6. Thepa ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo: Mehaho ea bophelo bo botle ea Iraq e hloka ntlafatso ea sejoale-joale e hlahisang menyetla ea ho romela thepa le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka kantle ho naha ho kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo kapa lisebelisoa tsa ho buoa. 7. Litšebeletso tsa thuto: Litšebeletso tsa tšehetso tsa thuto joaloka sethala sa thuto ea digital kapa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa thuto li ka thusa 'maraka o ntseng o hōla oa thuto ka hare ho naha. 8. Litharollo tsa matla a ka nchafatsoang: Ka tlhokomeliso e ntseng e eketseha ea mehloli ea matla a ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng lefats'eng ka bophara ka matsapa a ikhethileng a mmuso mabapi le meaho ea Solar Energy Plant e ka hlahisang tlhokahalo ea likarolo tsa tlatsetso tsa liphanele tsa letsatsi (libetri) le boeletsi ba ho kenya. Bakeng sa ho etsa liqeto tse nepahetseng ha u ntse u khetha lihlahisoa tse loketseng 'maraka ona: a) Batlisisa ka botlalo mabapi le tlholisano ea hau. b) Sekaseka melaoana ea ho kenya/romela kantle e behiloeng ke linaha ka bobeli. c) Utloisisa litloaelo/khethollo ea moetlo oa lehae ha u rala maano a ho bapatsa. d) Theha likhokahano / litšebelisano tse tšepahalang le barekisi ba lehae / baemeli ba utloisisang matla a karolo ena ea mmaraka. Ka ho lekola lintlha tsena le ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa mebaraka tse etselitsoeng boemo ba khoebo ea kantle ho naha ea Iraq, motho a ka etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo e ntle ha a ntse a khetha lihlahisoa tseo a ka li romelang 'marakeng ona.
Litšobotsi tsa bareki le tabo
Iraq, e tsejoang ka molao e le Rephabliki ea Iraq, ke naha e fumanehang Asia Bophirima. Ke lehae la lihlopha tsa merabe le tsa bolumeli tse sa tšoaneng, tse susumetsang haholo litšobotsi tsa bareki ba eona le litloaelo tsa eona. Bareki ba Iraq ka kakaretso ba tsebahala ka ho amohela baeti le ho fana ka seatla se bulehileng. Ba motlotlo haholo ka ho amohela baeti malapeng a bona le likhoebong tsa bona. Ho fana ka tee kapa kofi e le pontšo ea tlhompho ke tloaelo e tloaelehileng ha u kopana le motho ka lekhetlo la pele. Batho ba Iraq le bona ba thabela litšebeletso tsa motho ka mong le ho ela hloko lintlha. Mabapi le mekhoa e metle ea khoebo, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa maikutlo a setso a atileng Iraq. E 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke ho hlompha meetlo le meetlo ea Boislamo ha u ntse u etsa litšebelisano tsa khoebo. Mohlala, ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko linako tsa thapelo kaha liboka kapa lipuisano li ka hloka ho hlophisoa ka nepo. Ntho e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa eo u ka e nahanang ha u sebetsana le bareki ba Iraq ke boitlhompho mekhoeng ea moaparo haholo-holo ho basali. Liaparo tse itekanetseng tse koahelang matsoho le maoto e ka ba tse loketseng ha u etela libaka tse ngata tsa setso. Ho bohlokoa hape ho bua ka hloko le ho qoba litaba tse kang tsa lipolotiki, bolumeli kapa liketsahalo tsa nalane ea bohlokoa ntle le haeba u memeloa ke molekane oa hau oa Iraq. Lipuisano tse joalo li ka baka likhang tse matla kapa tsa khopisa litumelo tsa bareki ba hau. Qetellong, ho utloisisa meeli ea sebaka sa motho ho bohlokoa ha o sebelisana le bareki ba Iraq. Le hoja ho ts'oarana ka matsoho ho tloaelehile pakeng tsa batho ba bong bo tšoanang, ke tlhompho hore u se ke ua qala ho kopana le motho oa bong bo fapaneng ntle le haeba a otlolla letsoho pele. Ka ho ela hloko litšoaneleho tsena tsa bareki le ho latela litloaelo tsa setso joalo ka ho hlompha litloaelo tsa Mamosleme, ho apara ka mokhoa o itekanetseng, ho qoba litaba tse bobebe, le ho ela hloko meeli ea sebaka sa motho nakong ea litšebelisano le bo-mphato ba Iraq ho tla kenya letsoho ho aheng likamano tse atlehileng tsa khoebo Iraq.
Sistimi ea tsamaiso ea litloaelo
Sistimi ea taolo ea lekhetho ea Iraq e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa taolong ea phallo ea thepa le batho ho tšela meeli ea eona. Bolaoli ba lekhetho la naha bo na le boikarabelo ba ho phethahatsa mekhoa ea ho kenya le ho romela kantle ho naha, ho bokella lekhetho la lekhetho, le ho sireletsa lithahasello tsa moruo oa naha. Taba ea pele, ha u kena kapa u tsoa Iraq, batho ka bomong ba kopuoa ho hlahisa litokomane tse sebetsang tsa ho eta joalo ka liphasepoto kapa likarete tsa boitsebiso. Litokomane tsena li tla hlahlojoa ka botlalo ho netefatsa bonnete ba tsona le ho nepahala ha tsona. Mabapi le thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ea Iraq, tlhahlobo e felletseng e etsoa moeling. Basebeletsi ba lekhetho ba hlahloba lintho ho netefatsa hore li lumellana le melao le melaoana e amehang. Lintho tse ling tse thibetsoeng kapa tse thibetsoeng joalo ka libetsa, lithethefatsi, lihlahisoa tsa maiketsetso, kapa litloaelo tsa setso ha lia lokela ho tlisoa sebakeng sa Iraq ntle le tumello e nepahetseng. Mabapi le lekhetho, lekhetho la lekhetho le bokelloa ho ipapisitsoe le boleng ba thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ho latela litefiso tse behiloeng ke molao oa Iraq. Batho ba tsoang kantle ho naha ba hloka ho bolela boleng ba thepa ea bona ka nepo le ho fana ka litokomane tse tšehetsang haeba balaoli ba lekhetho ba e kopa. Ho feta moo, baeti ba lokela ho hlokomela hore ho nka chelete e ngata ho tsoa kapa ho tsoa Iraq ho ka hloka phatlalatso le tlhaloso e nepahetseng ha ba fihla / ba tloha. Ho hloleha ho ikamahanya le litlhokahalo tsena ho ka fella ka ho lefisoa kapa ho amohuoa thepa. Ho bohlokoa hore baeti ba itloaetse melaoana e ikhethileng ea ho kenya / ho romela kantle ea Iraq pele ba etela moo. Ho shebana le mehloli ea semmuso e joalo ka liwebsaete tsa boemeli bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e nchafalitsoeng mabapi le litlhoko tsa li-visa, lethathamo la lintho tse thibetsoeng / tse thibetsoeng ho tla netefatsa ho kena ha Iraq hantle ha ho ntse ho qoba likotlo life kapa life tse sa hlokahaleng kapa tieho libakeng tsa tlhahlobo ea moetlo. Ka bokhuts'oane, Iraq e boloka taolo e tiileng holim'a meeli ea eona ka lits'ebetso tse sebetsang tsa taolo tse sebelisoang ke bolaoli ba eona ba meetlo. Baeti ba lokela ho latela lits'ebetso tsohle tse hlokahalang tsa litokomane ha ba fihla / ba tloha ha ba ntse ba netefatsa hore ba latela melaoana e nepahetseng ea ho kenya / ho romela kantle bakeng sa boiphihlelo bo bonolo ba ho kena / ho tsoa naheng ena.
Melao ea lekhetho e tsoang kantle ho naha
Iraq e na le leano le ikhethileng la lekhetho la thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha bakeng sa thepa e kenang ka har'a naha. Litefiso tsa lekhetho la kantle ho naha lia fapana ho latela mofuta oa sehlahisoa se rekoang kantle ho naha. Bakeng sa lintho tse itseng tsa bohlokoa joalo ka lijo, meriana le thepa ea mantlha, Iraq e atisa ho beha lekhetho le tlase kapa le se nang letho ho netefatsa hore baahi ba teng baa fumaneha le ho khona ho lefella litšenyehelo. Sena se etsoa ho tšehetsa boiketlo ba baahi le ho boloka litheko li tsitsitse 'marakeng. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa thepa ea mabothobotho kapa lintho tseo e seng tsa bohlokoa, Iraq e beha makhetho a holimo ho tsoa kantle ho naha ho nyahamisa tšebeliso ea bona le ho sireletsa liindasteri tsa lehae tlholisanong ea kantle ho naha. Litefiso tse nepahetseng tsa lekhetho li ka fapana ho latela lintlha tse joalo ka mofuta oa sehlahisoa, naha ea tlhaho, le litumellano tsa khoebo tse teng lipakeng tsa Iraq le linaha tse ling. Ho bohlokoa hore batho ba tsoang kantle ho naha ba buisane le balaoli ba Meetlo ea Iraq kapa ba batle tataiso ho tsoa ho litsebi tsa litsebi ho fumana ka nepo litefiso tsa lekhetho tse sebetsang bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse itseng. Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho bolela hore Iraq e kanna ea ba le mesebetsi e eketsehileng kapa litefiso tse behiloeng thepa e itseng ntle le lekhetho la kantle ho naha. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa litefiso tsa lekhetho, makhetho a tlatsetso ea boleng (VAT), litefiso tsa tlhahlobo, le litšenyehelo tse ling tsa tsamaiso tse amanang le ho tlisa thepa ka har'a naha. Ka kakaretso, - Lintho tsa bohlokoa ka kakaretso li na le lekhetho le tlase kapa ha le na lekhetho la kantle ho naha. - Thepa ea mabothobotho e tobane le lekhetho le holimo. - Litefiso tse khethehileng tsa lekhetho li itšetlehile ka lintlha tse fapaneng. - Litefiso tse ling tsa lekhetho li ka sebetsa ntle le makhetho a tsoang kantle ho naha. Ho eletsoa hore u lule u nchafalitsoe ka liphetoho leha e le life tsa melaoana ea khoebo ea Iraq ka ho sheba mehloli e molaong ea mmuso kapa ho buisana le litsebi tsa melaoana ea khoebo ea machaba.
Melao ea lekhetho ea kantle ho naha
Leano la lekhetho la thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha la Iraq le ikemiselitse ho khothaletsa kholo ea moruo, ho nolofatsa khoebo ea machabeng, le ho kenya chelete bakeng sa mmuso. Naha e itshetlehile haholo ka oli e le sehlahiswa sa yona sa mantlha sa diyantle; leha ho le joalo, lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tseo e seng tsa oli le tsona li kenya letsoho ho rekisetseng kantle ho naha ea Iraq. Ha re ke re hlahlobeng leano la lekhetho la thepa ea kantle ho naha la Iraq: 1. Thepa ea oli: - Iraq e lefisa lekhetho le tsitsitseng la lekhetho ho lik'hamphani tsa oli tse sebetsang ka har'a meeli ea eona. - Mmuso o beha litefiso tse fapaneng tsa lekhetho ho latela bophahamo le mofuta oa oli e ntšitsoeng kapa e romelloang kantle ho naha. - Makhetho ana a phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho tšehetseng litšebeletso tsa motheo tsa sechaba le mananeo a boiketlo ba sechaba ka lichelete. 2. Thepa eo e seng ea Oli: - Bakeng sa thomello ea oli kantle ho naha, Iraq e sebelisa mokhoa oa lekhetho la boleng bo eketsehileng (VAT). - Thepa e romellwang kantle ho naha ka kakaretso ha e lokollwe ho VAT bakeng sa ho kgothaletsa kgwebo ya kantle ho naha le ho matlafatsa tlhodisano mebarakeng ya lefatshe. 3. Litšusumetso tse Khethehileng tsa Lekhetho: - Ho nts'etsapele mafapha kapa liindasteri tse itseng, mmuso oa Iraq o ka fana ka likhothaletso tse khethehileng tsa lekhetho joalo ka litefiso tse ikhethileng kapa makhetho a theolelang kantle ho naha. - Khothatso ena e ikemiselitse ho khothaletsa matsete, ho matlafatsa bokhoni ba tlhahiso, le ho fapanyetsana moruo ho feta ho itšetleha feela ka ho romelloa ha oli kantle ho naha. 4. Mesebetsi e Tloaelehileng: - Iraq e beha mesebetsi ea moetlo ho tsoa kantle ho naha ho sireletsa liindasteri tsa lapeng; leha ho le joalo, mesebetsi ena ha e ame ka kotloloho lekhetho la kantle ho naha. 5. Litumellano tsa Khoebo: - Joaloka setho sa litumellano tse 'maloa tsa libaka tsa khoebo tse kang GAFTA (Greater Arab Free Trade Area), ICFTA (Islamic Common Market), le litumellano tsa linaha tse peli le linaha tsa boahelani, Iraq e rua molemo ho tsoa ho litefiso tse fokotsehileng kapa tse fokolang bakeng sa ho romela thepa e itseng ka har'a libaka tsena. Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko hore lintlha tse tobileng mabapi le litefiso tsa lekhetho tsa lihlahisoa tsa motho ka mong li ka fapana ho latela moralo ona o akaretsang oa leano le behiloeng ke mmuso oa Iraq. Ka hona, barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba lokela ho buisana le balaoli ba amehang kapa ba batle boeletsi ba litsebi ha ba nahana ka litlamorao tse ka bang teng tsa lekhetho bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa bona tse ikhethileng.
Ho hlokahala litifikeiti bakeng sa ho romelloa kantle
Iraq ke naha e Middle East e nang le mekhoa e itseng ea setifikeiti bakeng sa ho romela thepa kantle ho naha. Mmuso oa Iraq o latela melao e thata ho netefatsa boleng le polokeho ea lihlahisoa tse tsoang ka har'a naha. Taba ea pele, lik'hamphani tse lakatsang ho romela thepa ho tsoa Iraq li tlameha ho fumana laesense ea ho reka kantle ho naha ho tsoa Lefapheng la Khoebo. Laesense ena e tiisa hore khamphani e lumelletsoe ka molao ho etsa mesebetsi ea khoebo ea machabeng. Ts'ebetso ea kopo e kenyelletsa ho fana ka litokomane tse amehang, joalo ka setifikeiti sa ngoliso ea k'hamphani, nomoro ea boitsebahatso ea lekhetho, le bopaki ba ho ba beng kapa ho hira meaho. Ho feta moo, barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba hloka ho latela litekanyetso tse ikhethileng tsa sehlahisoa tse behiloeng ke Iraq's Standards and Quality Control Authority (ISQCA). Litekanyetso tsena li akaretsa likarolo tse fapaneng tse kang boleng, polokeho, litlhoko tsa ho ngola, le liteko tsa ho lumellana. Likhamphani li tlameha ho fana ka bopaki ba hore lihlahisoa tsa tsona li fihlela litekanyetso tsena ka liteko tsa laboratori kapa litlaleho tsa tlhahlobo tse entsoeng ke mekhatlo e lumelletsoeng. Ho feta moo, lihlahisoa tse ling li hloka litifikeiti tse eketsehileng pele li nkuoa li loketse ho romelloa kantle ho naha. Mohlala: 1. Lijo: Barekisi ba kantle ba tlameha ho fumana setifikeiti sa bophelo bo botle se fanoeng ke Lekala la Bophelo la Iraq le bolelang hore thepa e fihlela litlhoko tsa bohloeki. 2. Meriana: Ho romela lihlahisoa tsa meriana kantle ho naha ho hloka hore motho a ngolisoe Lefapheng la Iraq la Litaba tsa Pharmacological hammoho le litokomane tse ling tse amanang le ho etsoa ha lihlahisoa le ho ngolisoa. 3. Lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale: Tumello ea pele ho Khomishene e Akaretsang ea Maemo a Tikoloho (GCES) ea hlokahala bakeng sa ho romela lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi kapa lintho. Ho bohlokoa hore barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba sebelisane haufi-ufi le baemeli ba lehae kapa barekisi ba nang le boiphihlelo ba ho tsamaisa moralo oa taolo oa Iraq. Litsebi tsena li ka thusa ho fumana litokomane tse hlokahalang ka potlako ha li ntse li netefatsa hore li latela melao le melaoana eohle e sebetsang. Qetellong, ho romela thepa ho tsoa Iraq ho hloka litifikeiti tse fapaneng ho latela mofuta oa sehlahisoa se romelloang kantle ho naha. Ho latela mekhoa ena ea setifikeiti ho netefatsa hore barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba fihlella litekanyetso tsa boleng ha ba ntse ba khothaletsa khoebo ka har'a melaoana e thehiloeng ke balaoli ba Iraq.
Lisebelisoa tse khothalelitsoeng
Iraq ke naha e fumanehang Bochabela bo Hare 'me e tsebahala ka nalane ea eona e ruileng le setso sa eona. Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea thepa le lipalangoang, mona ke lintlha tse khothaletsoang bakeng sa ho tsamaisa thepa ho ea Iraq. 1. Maemakepe: Iraq e na le likou tse 'maloa tse kholo tse sebetsang e le menyako ea bohlokoa bakeng sa khoebo ea machaba. Boema-kepe ba Umm Qasr, bo toropong ea Basra, ke kou e kholo ka ho fetisisa Iraq mme e sebetsana le karolo e kholo ea khoebo ea maoatleng ea naha. Likou tse ling tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa Khor Al-Zubair le Al-Maqal Port. 2. Boema-fofane: Bakeng sa ho tsamaisa thepa ka potlako, thepa ea lifofane e ka ba khetho. Boema-fofane ba Machaba ba Baghdad ke boema-fofane ba mantlha ba machaba ba Iraq, bo tsamaisang lifofane tsa baeti le tsa thepa. Boema-fofane ba Machaba ba Erbil Seterekeng sa Kurdistan le bona e se e le setsi sa bohlokoa sa lipalangoang tsa thepa, se sebetsa joalo ka tsela e lebang leboea la Iraq. 3. Marang-rang a litsela: Iraq e na le marang-rang a pharaletseng a ho hokahanya metse e meholo le libaka ka hare ho naha hammoho le linaha tsa boahelani tse kang Jordan, Syria, Turkey, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia-ho etsa hore lipalangoang tsa litsela e be mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa thepa ka hare ho Iraq kapa ka nqane ho meeli. Leha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling tlhokomelo e tšepahalang ea litšebeletso e ka baka tšitiso. 4. Melao ea meetlo: Ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa melao ea meetlo ea Iraq pele u romela thepa naheng eo. Ho ea ka melao ea lehae, u ka hloka litokomane tse itseng, Invoice e kang ea Khoebo, Lethathamo la Lits'enyehelo, Setifikeiti sa Naha ea Tšimoloho joalo-joalo. ka litataiso tsa ho reka kantle ho naha ho tla thusa ho tsamaisa mekhoa e bonolo. 5.Mehaho ea polokelo ea thepa: Ho na le meaho e fapaneng ea sejoale-joale ea polokelo e fumanehang ka har'a litoropo tse kholo joalo ka Baghdad, Basra, le Erbil. Libaka tsena tsa polokelo li fana ka likhetho tse sireletsehileng tsa polokelo bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea thepa e nang le lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang joalo ka sistimi ea taolo ea mocheso, lifereko, le mehato ea ts'ireletso. choie e tla netefatsa polokelo e bolokehileng pele kapa kamora lits'ebetso tsa kabo. 6. Bafani ba lits'ebeletso tsa 6.Logistics: Lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa thepa ea malapeng le tsa machaba li sebetsa Iraq, li khothalletsa ho tsamaisoa ha thepa hantle ka hare le ka ntle ho naha. tharollo ea lipalangoang.Ho kopa thuso ea bafani ba thepa ba nang le boiphihlelo ho ka nolofatsa ts'ebetso ea hau ea phepelo Iraq. Ke habohlokoa ho hopola hore ka lebaka la ho se tsitse ha lipolotiki le likhohlano tsa libaka, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le likotsi le mathata a amanang le ts'ebetso ea thepa Iraq. Ho sebetsa haufi-ufi le balekane ba tšepahalang le ho lula u nchafalitsoe ka lintlafatso tsa morao-rao ho tla kenya letsoho taolong e atlehileng ea thepa ha ho sebetsanoa le naha ena.
Mecha ea ntlafatso ea bareki

Lipontšo tsa bohlokoa tsa khoebo

Iraq e na le bareki ba 'maloa ba bohlokoa ba machabeng le likanale tsa nts'etsopele ho latela menyetla ea eona ea khoebo le khoebo. Ho feta moo, naha ena e tšoara lipontšo tse fapaneng tsa bohlokoa tse hohelang tlhokomelo ea lefatše lohle. Ka tlase ke ba bang ba libapali tsa bohlokoa 'marakeng oa machaba oa theko ea thepa oa Iraq le lipontšo tsa khoebo tse hlokomelehang: 1. Lekala la 'Muso: Mmuso oa Iraq ke moreki ea hlahelletseng liindastering tse fapaneng tse kang tsa meaho, matla, ts'ireletso le tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle. E lula e reka thepa le litšebeletso ka lithendara kapa ka lipuisano tse tobileng. 2. Indasteri ea Oli: E le e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa oli lefatšeng, Iraq e fana ka menyetla e mengata ea hore barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba sebelisane le Likhamphani tsa eona tsa Naha tsa Oli (NOCs). Li-NOC tse kang Iraq National Oil Company (INOC) le Basra Oil Company (BOC) li lula li etsa mesebetsi ea ho reka thepa lefatšeng ka bophara. 3. Lekala la Kaho: Boiteko ba kaho bocha bo bakile tlhokahalo e kholo ea thepa ea kaho le lisebelisoa Iraq. Likonteraka tse amehang mererong e meholo hangata li itšetleha ka barekisi ba lefats'e bakeng sa litlhoko tsa bona. 4. Thepa ea Bareki: Ka palo e ntseng e eketseha ea batho ba maemo a mahareng, ho na le tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea thepa ea bareki e kang lisebelisoa tsa elektronike, lihlahisoa tsa FMCG, thepa ea feshene, joalo-joalo, e leng se etsang hore e be 'maraka o khahlehang bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa machaba. 5. Temo: Ka lebaka la mobu oa eona o nonneng o haufi le noka ea Tigris le Euphrates, Iraq e na le monyetla oa ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea temo ka ho reka mechine ea morao-rao ho tsoa ho barekisi ba machaba. 6. Meriana le Thepa ea Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo: Lekala la tlhokomelo ea bophelo le hloka lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tsa boemo bo holimo tse kang lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba, lisebelisoa tsa ho buoa, meriana eo hangata e fumanoang ho tsoa ho bafani ba machaba ba hlomphehang ka mekhoa ea lichelete. Mabapi le lipontšo tse tšoaretsoeng Iraq: a) Pontšo ea Machaba ea Baghdad: Pontšo ena ea selemo le selemo e nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea lipontšo tsa khoebo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa Iraq ho pholletsa le makala a fapa-fapaneng ho kenyeletsa thepa ea kaho / lisebelisoa, thepa ea bareki / thepa ea feshene; ho hohela lik'hamphani tsa lehae le tsa kantle ho naha tse batlang ho bonts'a lihlahisoa / lits'ebeletso tsa tsona ho bareki ba Iraqi / borakhoebo/bareki. b) Pontšo ea Machaba ea Erbil: E tšoaroa selemo le selemo motseng oa Erbil ho tsepamisitsoe maikutlo makaleng a mangata a indasteri a kang kaho, matla, likhokahano tsa mehala, temo le thepa ea bareki. E sebetsa e le sethala sa likhoebo tsa lehae le tsa machabeng ho hlahloba menyetla ea khoebo. c) Basra International Fair: Pontšo ena e shebane haholo le lekala la oli le khase empa hape e akaretsa liindasteri tse ling tse kang kaho, lipalangoang, thepa, joalo-joalo. Pontšo ena e hohela lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa oli le litsebi tsa indasteri ho tsoa lefats'eng lohle. d) Pontšo ea Machaba ea Sulaymaniyah: E fumaneha motseng oa Sulaymaniyah o ka leboea ho Iraq; e na le lipontšo tsa likarolo tse kang lihlahisoa tsa temo/mechini, lisebelisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo/litlhare, masela/liaparo/lisebelisoa tsa feshene. Pontsho ena e ikemiseditse ho hodisa dilekane tsa kgwebo pakeng tsa bafepedi ba matjhaba le bareki ba lehae. Ena ke mehlala e seng mekae feela ea likanale tsa nts'etsopele le lipontšo 'marakeng oa machaba oa theko oa Iraq. Ho bohlokoa ho etsa lipatlisiso tse ling kapa ho ikopanya le mekhatlo e amehang ea khoebo bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e felletseng mabapi le mafapha a itseng kapa liketsahalo tse khahlisang.
Iraq, e tsejoang ka molao e le Rephabliki ea Iraq, ke naha e fumanehang Asia Bophirima. Batho ba Iraq hangata ba sebelisa lienjineri tse 'maloa tse tsebahalang ho bala marang-rang le ho fumana lintlha. Mona ke lienjineri tsa ho batla tse sebelisoang hangata Iraq hammoho le li-URL tsa sebaka sa bona sa Marang-rang: 1. Google: Webosaete: www.google.com 2. Bing: Websaeteng: www.bing.com 3. Yahoo: Webosaete: www.yahoo.com 4. Yandex: Websaeteng: www.yandex.com 5. DuckDuckGo: Websaeteng: duckduckgo.com 6. Ecosia: Webosaete: ecosia.org 7. Naver: Naver e fana ka litšebeletso tse kang enjene ea ho batla le portal ea webo. Webosaete (Sekorea): www.naver.com (Hlokomela: Naver e thehiloe Korea empa e sebelisoa haholo Iraq) 8 Baidu (百度): Baidu ke e 'ngoe ea lienjineri tsa lipatlisiso tse tsebahalang haholo China. Webosaete (Sechaena): www.baidu.cm (Tlhokomeliso: Baidu e kanna ea bona tšebeliso e fokolang Iraq, haholo batho ba buang Sechaena) Ena ke mehlala e seng mekae feela ea lienjineri tsa ho batla tse sebelisoang hangata tseo batho ba Iraq ba itšetlehileng ka tsona ho fumana litaba marang-rang ka katleho le ka nepo. Ka kopo hlokomela hore le hoja liwebsaete tsena li ka fumaneha lefatšeng ka bophara, mefuta e meng ea lehae e ka ba teng bakeng sa linaha kapa libaka tse itseng ho ipapisitsoe le khetho ea basebelisi kapa litlhoko tsa puo. Ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka likhetho tsa motho ka mong ha u khetha hore na ke enjine efe ea patlo e loketseng litlhoko tsa motho ka mong bakeng sa ho bala lintlha tse tsoang ka hare ho Iraq kapa sebakeng sefe kapa sefe sa lefats'e.

Maqephe a maholo a mosehla

Iraq, li-directory tsa maqephe a mosehla li kenyelletsa: 1. Iraqi Yellow Pages - Ena ke bukana e felletseng ea Marang-rang e akaretsang litoropo le liindasteri tse fapaneng tsa Iraq. E fana ka tlhahisoleseding ea puisano, liaterese, le liwebsaete tsa likhoebo ho pholletsa le makala a fapaneng. Webosaete e ka fumanoa ho https://www.iyp-iraq.com/. 2. EasyFinder Iraq - Bukana e 'ngoe e hlaheletseng ea maqephe a mosehla bakeng sa likhoebo tsa Iraq, EasyFinder e fana ka lethathamo la lik'hamphani tse tsoang likarolong tse fapaneng tse kang tsa bophelo bo botle, kamohelo ea baeti, kaho, le tse ling. Sengoloa se ka fumaneha webosaeteng ea bona ho https://www.easyfinder.com.iq/. 3. Zain Yellow Pages - Zain ke k'hamphani e itlhommeng pele ea mehala ea likhokahano Iraq e fanang ka litšebeletso tsa maqephe a mosehla tse fanang ka tlhahisoleseling mabapi le likhoebo tsa lehae ho pholletsa le litoropo tse ngata naheng eo. U ka fumana bukana ea maqephe a mosehla ka webosaete ea bona ho https://yellowpages.zain.com/iraq/en. 4. Kurdpages - E fana ka lijo ka ho khetheha sebakeng sa Kurdish sa Iraq se kenyeletsang litoropo tse kang Erbil, Dohuk, le Sulaymaniyah; Kurdpages e fana ka bukana ea marang-rang e nang le lethathamo la likhoebo tse fapaneng tse sebetsang sebakeng sena. Webosaete ea bona e ho http://www.kurdpages.com/. 5. IQD Pages - IQD Pages ke bukana ea khoebo ea inthaneteng e akaretsang liindasteri tse 'maloa ho pholletsa le Iraq ho kenyeletsa le litšebeletso tsa libanka, lihotele le libaka tsa phomolo, lik'hamphani tsa lipalangoang har'a tse ling tse ngata. U ka etela sebaka sa bona sa marang-rang ho https://iqdpages.com/ Mananeo ana a maqephe a mosehla a fana ka lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa batho kapa likhoebo tse batlang lits'ebeletso kapa barekisi ba itseng ka har'a tikoloho ea khoebo ea Iraq. Ka kopo elelloa hore kamehla ho bohlale ho lekola ho nepahala le bohlokoa ba tlhahisoleseling efe kapa efe ea puisano e fanoeng liwebsaeteng tsena pele u sebelisana le k'hamphani efe kapa efe e thathamisitsoeng moo.

Li-platform tse kholo tsa khoebo

Naheng ea Iraq, indasteri ea khoebo ea e-commerce e ntse e hola butle butle, 'me ho hlahile li-platform tse ngata tse kholo ho sebetsana le litlhoko tse ntseng li eketseha tsa ho reka inthaneteng. Mona ke tse ling tsa li-platform tsa mantlha tsa e-commerce Iraq hammoho le liaterese tsa bona tsa sebaka sa marang-rang: 1. Miswag: Ena ke e 'ngoe ea li-platform tsa e-commerce tse etelletseng pele Iraq tse fanang ka lihlahisoa tse fapaneng ho pholletsa le mekhahlelo e fapaneng joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, feshene, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng le tse ling. Aterese ea sebaka sa Marang-rang ke www.miswag.net. 2. Zain Cash Shop: Zain Cash Shop e fana ka 'maraka oa marang-rang moo basebelisi ba ka rekang lihlahisoa tse fapaneng ba sebelisa sepache sa bona sa Zain. Sethala se fana ka lintho tse kang lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, lihlahisoa tsa botle, thepa ea lapeng, le tse ling. U ka e fumana ho www.zaincashshop.iq. 3. Dsama: Dsama ke sethala se seng se hlahelletseng sa e-commerce sa Iraq se shebaneng le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le lisebelisoa. E fana ka mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki joalo ka li-smartphones, lilaptop, li-consoles tsa lipapali, le lisebelisoa ka litheko tsa tlholisano. Aterese ea sebaka sa Marang-rang ea Dsama ke www.dsama.tech. 4. Mmaraka oa Cressy: Mmaraka oa Cressy ke 'maraka o hlahang oa Marang-rang oa Iraq o ikemiselitseng ho hokahanya bareki le barekisi ho pholletsa le mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa ho kenyeletsoa liaparo tsa feshene, lisebelisoa, litlolo, lintho tse khabisang lapeng le tse ling. U ka li fumana ho www.cressymarket.com. 5. Baghdad Mall: Baghdad Mall ke sebaka se tsebahalang sa mabenkele sa Iraqi se fanang ka likhetho tse fapaneng tsa lihlahisoa ho tloha ho liaparo ho ea ho lisebelisoa tsa lapeng le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse tsoang ho bareki ba tsebahalang sebakeng sa heno le matjhabeng ka litheko tsa tlholisano.Ho reka etela sebaka sa bona sa Marang-rang ho www.baghdadmall.net. 6.Onlinezbigzrishik (OB): OB e fana ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa ho tloha ho liaparo ho ea ho lisebelisoa tsa elektronike ha li ntse li kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tsa bophelo bo botle le tsa botle hammoho le korosari.U ka li fumana ka ho etela sebaka sa bona sa marang-rang ho https://www.onlinezbigzirshik.com/ iq/. 7.Unicorn Store: Lebenkele la Unicorn la Iraq le fa bareki mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa tse ikhethang ho kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa theknoloji, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng, lisebelisoa tsa feshene le tse ling. Li fumane ho www.unicornstore.iq. Ka kopo elelloa hore maemo a khoebo ea e-commerce a lula a fetoha, 'me li-platform tse ncha li ka hlaha kapa tse seng li ntse li le teng li ka fetoha. Ho bohlokoa ho etela liwebsaete tsena kapa ho batla lintlha tse nchafalitsoeng ho netefatsa lintlha tse nepahetseng le tsa morao-rao mabapi le li-platform tse fumanehang tsa e-commerce Iraq.

Mecha ea litaba e kholo ea sechaba

Iraq ke naha ea Bochabela bo Hare e nang le boteng bo ntseng bo hola lefatšeng la dijithale, ho kenyeletsoa liforomo tsa litaba tsa sechaba. Mona ke tse ling tsa li-platform tsa litaba tsa sechaba tse sebelisoang Iraq, hammoho le liwebsaete tsa bona tse fapaneng: 1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Facebook ke sethala sa marang-rang se sebelisoang haholo ho fetisisa Iraq, se hokahanyang batho ho pholletsa le lilemo tse fapaneng le palo ea batho. E lumella basebelisi ho arolelana liapdeite, linepe, livideo le ho hokahana le metsoalle le ba lelapa. 2. Instagram (www.instagram.com): Instagram ke sethala sa ho arolelana lifoto le livideo se fumaneng botumo bo boholo har'a bacha ba Iraq. Basebelisi ba ka kenya linepe kapa livideo tse khutšoane tse tsamaeang le litlhaloso kapa li-hashtag. 3. Twitter (www.twitter.com): Ts'ebeletso ea microblogging ea Twitter e boetse e na le basebelisi ba bangata Iraq. E lumella basebelisi ho beha li-tweets tse nang le melaetsa e khuts'oane e tsejoang e le "tweets," e ka arolelanoang phatlalatsa kapa boinotšing. 4. Snapchat (www.snapchat.com): Sesebelisoa sa melaetsa sa multimedia sa Snapchat se nolofalletsa basebelisi ho arolelana linepe le livideo tse nyamelang kamora ho bonoa ke moamoheli ka mor'a metsotsoana kapa lihora tse 24 haeba li eketsoa pale ea bona. 5. Thelekramo (telegram.org): Thelekramo ke app ea hang-hang ea melaetsa e fanang ka likarolo tse kang melaetsa ea selefouno, mehala ea lentsoe, lipuisano tsa sehlopha, likanale tsa litaba tsa khaso, le bokhoni ba ho arolelana lifaele. 6. TikTok (www.tiktok.com): TikTok ke ts'ebeletso e tsebahalang ea ho arolelana livideo ea marang-rang e lumellang basebelisi ho etsa livideo tse khutšoane tsa molomo kapa litaba tsa boqapi tse behiloeng lipina tsa 'mino. 7. LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): LinkedIn e fa litsebi tsa Iraq menyetla ea marang-rang bakeng sa likhokahano tse amanang le mosebetsi ka sethala sa eona sa marang-rang se etselitsoeng haholo merero ea khoebo joalo ka ho batla mosebetsi kapa ho theha likhokahano tsa litsebi. 8. YouTube (www.youtube.com): YouTube e fana ka mefuta e fapaneng ya dikahare tsa video bakeng sa lithahasello tse fapa-fapaneng ho tloha lefatšeng ka bophara moo basebelisi ba ka shebella livideo tsa 'mino, li-vlogs, litokomane ha ba ntse ba theha mocha oa bona haeba ba lakatsa. Tsena ke tse ling tsa liforomo tse tsebahalang tsa litaba tsa sechaba tse sebelisoang Iraq; Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ho ka 'na ha e-ba le liforomo tse ling tse tsebahalang sebakeng sa heno tse tobileng libaka kapa sechaba se itseng ka hare ho naha.

Mekhatlo e meholo ea indasteri

Mekhatlo e meholo ea indasteri ea Iraq e kenyelletsa: 1. Federation of Iraqi Chambers of Commerce: Ona ke mokhatlo o ka sehloohong o emelang khoebo le khoebo Iraq. E na le likamore tsa khoebo tsa lehae tse tsoang litoropong tse fapaneng ho pholletsa le naha. Webosaete: https://iraqchambers.gov.iq/ 2. Federation of Iraqi Industries: Mokhatlo ona o emetse makala a tlhahiso le a indasteri a Iraq, a tsepamisitse maikutlo ho khothaletseng kholo ea moruo, tlhahiso ea mesebetsi, le tlholisano. Webosaete: http://fiqi.org/?lang=en 3. Iraqi Agricultural Association: Mokhatlo ona o khothaletsa temo le khoebo ea temo Iraq ka ho fana ka ts'ehetso ho lihoai, ho khothaletsa mekhoa e metle, le ho tsamaisa khoebo ka har'a lekala la temo. Webosaete: http://www.infoagriiraq.com/ 4. Iraqi Contractors' Union: Mokhatlo ona o emetse borakonteraka ba amehang mererong ea kaho ho pholletsa le Iraq. E ikemiselitse ho ntlafatsa mosebetsi ona ka ho theha litataiso tsa netefatso ea boleng, boits'oaro ba seporofeshenale, mananeo a koetliso, le maemo a botekgeniki kahare ho indasteri ea kaho. Webosaete: http://www.icu.gov.iq/en/ 5. Union of Oil & Gas Companies in Iraq (UGOC): UGOC e emela lik'hamphani tse amehang ho hlahlobisiseng, ho hlahisa, ho hloekisa, ho aba le ho bapatsa lihlahisoa tsa oli le khase ka hare ho Iraq. E ikemiseditse ho kgothaletsa menyetla ya matsete lekaleng ha e ntse e netefatsa ntshetsopele ya moshwelella. Webosaete: N/A 6. Federation of Tourism Associations in Iraq (FTAI): FTAI e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho phahamisetseng bohahlauli joalo ka indasteri ea bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea moruo oa sechaba ka hare ho Iraq ka khokahanyo har'a likhoebo tse fapaneng tse amanang le bohahlauli joalo ka mekhatlo ea maeto, lihotele / libaka tsa phomolo joalo-joalo. Webosaete: http://www.ftairaq.org/

Liwebsaete tsa khoebo le tsa khoebo

Mona ke liwebsaete tsa moruo le tsa khoebo Iraq: 1. Lekala la Khoebo (http://www.mot.gov.iq): Webosaete ea semmuso ea Lekala la Khoebo e fana ka leseli mabapi le maano a khoebo, melaoana, thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha, thomello kantle ho naha, le menyetla ea matsete Iraq. 2. Banka e Bohareng ea Iraq (https://cbi.iq): Sebaka sa Marang-rang sa Banka e Kholo se fana ka lintlafatso mabapi le maano a lichelete, litefiso tsa phapanyetsano, melaoana ea libanka, le matšoao a moruo. E boetse e fana ka lesedi mabapi le menyetla ya matsete le ditataiso bakeng sa babeeletsi ba kantle ho naha. 3. Federation of Iraqi Chambers of Commerce (http://www.ficc.org.iq): Sebaka sena sa Marang-rang se emela lithahasello tsa likhoebo tsa Iraq le likamore tsa khoebo. E fana ka lethathamo la likhoebo tsa lehae, lintlafatso tsa litaba moruong, almanaka ea liketsahalo tsa khoebo, le lits'ebeletso tsa litho. 4. Khomishene ea Matsete naheng ea Iraq (http://investpromo.gov.iq): Webosaete ea Khomishene ea Lichelete e khothaletsa menyetla ea matsete makaleng a fapaneng ho pholletsa le Iraq. E fana ka tlhahisoleseding mabapi le merero e teng, likhothatso bakeng sa bo-ramatsete, melao e laolang matsete, le mekhoa ea ho theha likhoebo. 5. Iraqi American Chamber of Commerce and Industry (https://iraqi-american-chamber.com): Mokhatlo ona o thusa likamano tsa khoebo pakeng tsa ma-Iraqi le Maamerika ka ho fana ka menyetla ea marang-rang ka liketsahalo kapa ho rarolla mathata a tobaneng le bo-rakhoebo ba batlang ho tsetela kapa ho etsa khoebo. linaheng ka bobeli. 6. Baghdad Chamber of Commerce (http://bcci-iq.com) - Ena ke e 'ngoe ea Makhotla a mangata a tikoloho a ikemiselitseng ho khothaletsa likhoebo tsa lehae' marakeng oa Baghdad - ho kenyeletsoa melemo ea bona- litifikeiti tse fanoang ka lits'ebetso tse felletseng tsa ho matlafatsa barekisi ka data e ntlafalitsoeng le lisebelisoa 7.Boto ea Ntšetso-pele ea Moruo - Puso ea Setereke ea Kurdistan(http://ekurd.net/edekr-com) -Sebaka sena se hokahanya bao e ka bang balekane le mafapha a bohlokoa a mmuso ka har'a Matona a KRG a kang Business Support Directorate & Economic Coordination Unit e ikarabellang ho thusa machaba. lik'hamphani tse nang le thahasello mabapi le lisebelisoa tsa litemana.litlaleho

Liwebosaete tsa lipotso tsa khoebo

Ho na le liwebsaete tse 'maloa tsa semmuso bakeng sa lipotso tsa data tsa khoebo Iraq. Mona ke tse ling tsa tsona hammoho le li-URL tsa tsona: 1. Mokhatlo o Bohareng oa Lipalopalo le Theknoloji ea Boitsebiso (COSIT): Websaete ea COSIT e fana ka lipalo-palo tse qaqileng tse amanang le mesebetsi ea moruo le ea khoebo Iraq. U ka fihlella lintlha tsa khoebo, li-volume tsa ho kenya / ho romela kantle, le matšoao a mang a moruo ka portal ea bona. URL: http://cosit.gov.iq/ 2. Lekala la Khoebo: Webosaete ea Lekala la Khoebo e fana ka leseli mabapi le maano a khoebo ea kantle ho naha, melaoana, mekhoa ea mekhoa ea lekhetho le menyetla ea matsete Iraq. E boetse e fana ka phihlello ho data ea khoebo joalo ka lipalo-palo tsa kantle ho naha ho ea ka likarohano tsa lekala le tsa naha. URL: https://www.trade.gov.iq/ 3.Iraqi Customs Authority (ICA): Webosaete ea semmuso ea ICA e lumella basebelisi ho batla lirekoto tse amanang le transactions ea kantle ho naha, litefiso, makhetho, litefiso tsa moetlo, le tse ling. E fana ka lepatlelo le felletseng la ho fihlella data e amehang ea khoebo ka hare ho naha. URL: http://customs.mof.gov.iq/ 4.Iraqi Market Information Center (IMIC): IMIC ke setsi se tsamaisoang ke 'muso se tsamaisang lipatlisiso le tlhahlobo ea mebaraka e amanang le mafapha a fapaneng a Iraq ho kenyeletsoa thomello ea kantle ho indasteri ea oli/khase ea tlhaho, le menyetla e meng ea khoebo.E le karolo ea litšebeletso tsa eona. , e boetse e kenyelletsa data ea bohlokoa ea khoebo.URL:http://www.imiclipit.org/ Liwebsaete tsena li lokela ho u fa leseli la bohlokoa mabapi le mesebetsi ea khoebo ka har'a naha, joalo ka bongata ba thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha, lintlafatso tsa leano, lihlopha, le lintlha tse ikhethileng tsa indasteri. Mmaraka oa Iraq.

Li-platform tsa B2b

Iraq ke naha e nang le liforomo tse fapaneng tsa B2B tse hokahanyang likhoebo le ho tsamaisa khoebo. Mona ke li-platform tsa B2B Iraq: 1. Hala Expo: Sethala sena se sebetsa ka ho khetheha ho hlophisa lipontšo le lipontšo tsa machaba tsa khoebo Iraq, ho fana ka menyetla ea hore likhoebo li hokahane le ho bontša lihlahisoa kapa litšebeletso tsa tsona. Websaeteng: www.hala-expo.com. 2. Facebook Marketplace: Leha e se sethala sa B2B feela, Facebook Marketplace e sebelisoa haholo ke likhoebo tsa Iraq ho khothaletsa lihlahisoa tsa bona le ho fihlela bareki ba ka bang teng sebakeng sa heno. Websaeteng: www.facebook.com/marketplace. 3. Middle East Trading Company (METCO): METCO ke khamphani ea khoebo ea Iraq e sebetsang e le sethala sa B2B, e hokahanyang bareki le barekisi ka har'a liindasteri tse fapaneng tse kang lihlahisoa tsa temo, thepa ea mohaho, lik'hemik'hale, lisebelisoa tsa elektronike, le tse ling. Websaeteng: www.metcoiraq.com. 4. Sebaka sa Maraka sa Iraqi (IMP): IMP ke sebaka sa Maraka sa Marang-rang se sebetsanang le mafapha a mangata a kenyeletsang temo, kaho, tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle, oli le khase, lisebelisoa tsa mehala ea puisano, likarolo tsa likoloi, le tse ling. E hokahanya barekisi le bareki ba lehae le ba machabeng ba nang le thahasello ea ho etsa khoebo le lik'hamphani tse thehiloeng Iraq. Websaeteng: www.imarketplaceiraq.com. 5.Tradekey Iraq: Tradekey ke 'maraka oa lefats'e oa B2B o kenyelletsang Iraq har'a lenane la linaha tse nang le li-portal tse inehetseng bakeng sa marang-rang a khoebo le ho hokahanya bareki ba machaba ho barekisi ba lehae ba Iraq ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng tse kang lijo le lino, thepa ea kaho ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki joalo-joalo. Websaeteng: www.tradekey.com/ir Ena ke mehlala e seng mekae feela ea liforomo tsa B2B tse fumanehang Iraq kajeno; Leha ho le joalo, ka kopo hlokomela hore ho fumaneha ho ka fapana ha nako e ntse e ea ha li-platform tse ncha li hlaha ha tse ling li ka felloa ke nako kapa tsa fokola haholo.
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