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Chidule cha Dziko
Ndalama Yadziko
Mtengo wosinthitsira
Tchuthi Zofunika
Mkhalidwe Wamalonda Akunja
Kukula Kwa Msika
Zogulitsa zotentha pamsika
Makhalidwe a kasitomala ndi zonyansa
Customs Management System
Mfundo zamisonkho zochokera kunja
Mfundo zamisonkho zotumiza kunja
Zitsimikizo zofunika kutumiza kunja
Analimbikitsa mayendedwe
Njira zopangira ogula

Ukraine, yomwe imadziwika kuti Ukraine, ndi dziko lodzilamulira lomwe lili kum'mawa kwa Europe. Ndilo dziko lachiwiri lalikulu ku Europe pambuyo pa Russia. Kuphimba dera la makilomita pafupifupi 603,628, Ukraine amagawana malire ake ndi mayiko asanu ndi awiri kuphatikizapo Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova ndi Russia. Pokhala ndi anthu ozungulira 44 miliyoni, Ukraine imadziwika chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo komanso mafuko osiyanasiyana. Chilankhulo chovomerezeka ndi Chiyukireniya; komabe, Chirasha ndi zilankhulo zina zochepa zimalankhulidwanso ndi anthu ambiri. Kiev akutumikira monga likulu ndi mzinda waukulu wa Ukraine. Ndilo likulu la mafakitale ndipo lili ndi mbiri yakale chifukwa cha zomangamanga zake monga Saint Sophia Cathedral ndi Kyiv Pechersk Lavra. Ukraine ili ndi chuma chosakanikirana chomwe chimaphatikizapo ulimi, mafakitale opangira zinthu monga kupanga zitsulo ndi makampani opanga magalimoto. Dzikoli lili ndi minda yayikulu yaulimi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale limodzi mwa mayiko omwe amagulitsa tirigu padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga nkhokwe za malasha zomwe zimathandizira gawo lake lamagetsi. Mbiri yakale komanso chikhalidwe cha ku Ukraine zitha kuwonetsedwa kudzera m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ambiri omwe amawonetsa zinthu zakale kuyambira kale mpaka zida zamakono zamakono. Zojambula zamtundu wa anthu monga zokometsera ndi kuvina kwachikhalidwe ndizofunikanso pachikhalidwe cha Chiyukireniya. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa Ukraine yakumana ndi zipolowe zandale chifukwa cha mikangano ndi Russia pamadera ngati Crimea mu 2014; nkhaniyi sinathe mpaka lero. Ukraine amasunga ubale ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana mayiko monga United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), European Union (EU) pamodzi ndi kukhala ndi maubwenzi ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo ntchito mgwirizano dera. Pomaliza Ukarine ndi dziko losangalatsa lomwe lili ndi malo okongola kuyambira m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Black Sea kupita kumapiri okongola a Carpathian. Ngakhale zovuta zikupitilira pazandale komanso pazachuma koma anthu aku Ukraine akupitilizabe kuyesetsa kwawo kuti atukuke ndikusunga chikhalidwe chawo cholemera.

Dziko la Ukraine, lomwe lili kum’mawa kwa Ulaya, lili ndi ndalama yakeyake yotchedwa hryvnia ya ku Ukraine (UAH). Hryvnia idayambitsidwa mu 1996 ngati ndalama yovomerezeka ku Ukraine pambuyo pa kutha kwa Soviet Union. Hryvnia imagawidwa mu 100 kopiykas. Zimabwera m'magulu angapo kuphatikiza ndalama za 1, 2, 5,10, 20,50,100 ndi ndalama za 1,2,5 ndi kopiykas. Mtengo wosinthana wa Chilativiya balati chimachitika kamodzi patsiku. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwachuma ndi zinthu za geopolitical monga kusakhazikika kwa ndale kapena ubale wapadziko lonse ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo monga Russia; mtengo wosinthanitsa ukhoza kusinthasintha kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Kusinthanitsa ndalama kapena kupeza hryvnias Chiyukireniya poyendera Ukraine kapena kuchita malonda mkati mwa dziko akhoza kuchitidwa kudzera mabanki ovomerezeka kapena maofesi chiphatso kuwombola ndalama (otchedwa "obmin valiuty" mu Chiyukireniya). Ndibwino kuti alendo agwiritse ntchito njira zovomerezeka posinthanitsa ndalama kuti apewe chinyengo kapena zolemba zabodza. Kuphatikiza apo, makhadi ena odziwika padziko lonse lapansi atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku ma ATM kudutsa Ukraine pochotsa ndalama. Ponseponse, hryvnia yaku Ukraine imakhala ngati njira yolipirira katundu ndi ntchito ku Ukraine. Ngakhale zitha kukumana ndi kusinthasintha chifukwa cha zinthu zachuma ndi zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi, imakhalabe yofunikira ku dongosolo lazachuma la Ukraine.

Ndalama yovomerezeka ya Ukraine ndi hryvnia yaku Ukraine (UAH). Ponena za kusinthana ndi ndalama zazikulu zapadziko lonse lapansi, nayi mitengo yofananira (itha kusintha): 1 USD (United States Dollar) = 27 UAH 1 EUR (Euro) = 32 UAH 1 GBP (Mapaundi aku Britain) = 36 UAH 1 CAD (Canada Dollar) = 22 UAH Chonde dziwani kuti mitengoyi ndi pafupifupi ndipo ingasiyane.

Ukraine, dziko lomwe lili ku Eastern Europe, limakondwerera maholide ambiri ofunika chaka chonse. Zikondwerero zimenezi n’zozikidwa pa mbiri yakale, chikhalidwe, ndi miyambo ya dzikolo. Chimodzi mwa zochitika zofunika kwambiri ndi Tsiku la Ufulu pa Ogasiti 24. Tchuthi chimenechi ndi chokumbukira chilengezo cha Ukraine chodziimira paokha kuchoka ku Soviet Union m’chaka cha 1991. Tsikuli limakhala ndi zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zionetsero, makonsati, zozimitsa moto, ndi ziwonetsero za chikhalidwe. Chikondwerero china chofunikira ndi Tsiku la Constitution, lomwe limachitika pa Juni 28. Tchuthi ichi chimalemekeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo a dziko la Ukraine mu 1996. Anthu a ku Ukraine amatenga nawo mbali pazochitika zapagulu ndi zochitika zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuzindikira za ufulu wawo ndi udindo wawo monga nzika. Isitala ikadali chikondwerero chofunikira kwambiri chachipembedzo kwa anthu aku Ukraine omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala a Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ku Ukraine. Mwambowu ulibe deti loikidwiratu koma kaŵirikaŵiri umachitika pakati pa March ndi April potsatira kalendala ya Julius. Anthu amachita nawo mapemphero a tchalitchi, amajambula dzira la Isitala lotchedwa "pysanka," ndikuchita nawo maphwando okoma ndi mabanja ndi abwenzi. Tsiku la Vyshyvanka limakhala ndi tanthauzo lapadera kwa anthu aku Ukraine pomwe amakondwerera zovala zawo zachikhalidwe zomwe zimatchedwa vyshyvanka. Kuwonedwa pachaka Lachinayi lachitatu la May kuyambira 2006, tsikuli limalimbikitsa anthu kuvala vyshyvankas kuti awonetse kunyada kwawo ndi cholowa chawo. Pa nthawi ya Khirisimasi (January 7 potengera kalendala ya Julian), anthu a ku Ukraine amakondwerera miyambo ya Katolika ndi Orthodox ndi misonkhano yachipembedzo yotchedwa "Praznyk." Kuyenda khomo ndi khomo kumabweretsa anthu pamodzi pamene akusangalala ndi zakudya zachikhalidwe monga kutia (soweet grain pudding) kapena borscht (supu ya beet). Izi ndi zitsanzo chabe za tchuthi chosaiwalika cha Chiyukireniya chomwe chimawonetsa mbiri yake yolemera, kusiyanasiyana kwa chikhalidwe cholowa m'madera aku Ukraine komwe kumawapanga kukhala gawo lofunikira lachidziwitso cha Chiyukireniya.

Ukraine ndi dziko lomwe lili kum'mawa kwa Europe ndipo lili ndi chuma chosiyanasiyana chomwe chimayang'ana kwambiri zaulimi, mafakitale, ndi ntchito. Mkhalidwe wamalonda mdziko muno wakumana ndi zovuta mzaka zaposachedwa komanso umapereka mwayi. Zogulitsa zazikulu ku Ukraine zimaphatikizapo zinthu zaulimi monga tirigu, mafuta a mpendadzuwa, masamba, zipatso, ndi nyama. Dzikoli limadziwika kuti "breadbasket of Europe" chifukwa cha nthaka yachonde komanso ulimi wochulukirapo. Zogulitsa kunja izi zimathandizira kwambiri pazamalonda aku Ukraine. Kuwonjezera ulimi, Ukraine komanso zimagulitsa katundu mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo makina ndi zipangizo, zitsulo ndi zitsulo mankhwala (chitsulo, zitsulo), mankhwala (feteleza), nsalu, ndi zovala. Mafakitale aku Ukraine atenga gawo lofunika kwambiri pakugulitsa zinthu kunja kwa dziko lino. Ukraine amadalira kwambiri malonda ndi mayiko ena kukula kwachuma. Othandizira ake akuluakulu ogulitsa ndi European Union (EU), Russia, China, Turkey, India, Egypt pakati pa ena. Malonda ndi EU awonjezeka kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano wamalonda waulere mu 2016. Mgwirizanowu unachotsa zopinga za tariff pakati pa Ukraine ndi mayiko omwe ali m'bungwe la EU zomwe zinachititsa kuti msika uwonjezereke kwa onse awiri. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mikangano yandale ndi Russia yakhudza machitidwe amalonda aku Ukraine. Kutsatira kulandidwa kwa Russia ku Crimea mu 2014 komanso mikangano yakum'mawa kwa Ukraine kuyambira pamenepo idasokoneza ubale wabwinobwino wachuma pakati pa mayiko awiriwa zomwe zidasokoneza malonda a mayiko awiriwa. Kuthana ndi zovutazi ndikukopa mabizinesi akunja kuti apititse patsogolo kukula kwachuma monga chitukuko cha zomangamanga kapena mapulojekiti amagetsi ongowonjezwdwa kwakhala malo ofunikira kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi. Ponseponse ngakhale pali zovuta zina zomwe chuma cha Ukraine chakumana nacho posachedwa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachitika pakukweza maubwenzi ake amalonda m'magawo onse kukulitsa mwayi watsopano womwe ukuthandizira kuphatikizika kwamisika yapadziko lonse lapansi.

Ukraine, yomwe ili ku Eastern Europe, ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kopanga msika wake wamalonda wakunja. Dzikoli lili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana, anthu odziwa bwino ntchito yawo, komanso malo amene ali m’madera osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri ku Ukraine ndi gawo laulimi. Dzikoli lili ndi malo achonde ambiri oyenera kulimidwa ndipo kuyambira kale limadziwika kuti "breadbasket of Europe." Dziko la Ukraine ndi limodzi mwa mayiko amene amalima ndi kutumiza kunja mbewu za tirigu, kuphatikizapo tirigu ndi chimanga. Izi zikupereka mwayi waukulu kuti mgwirizano wamalonda wapadziko lonse ukwaniritse zofuna zapadziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, Ukraine ili ndi zinthu zambiri zamchere monga chitsulo, malasha, ndi gasi. Zinthuzi zimathandizira makampani opanga zitsulo mdziko muno, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwazinthu zopanga zitsulo padziko lonse lapansi. Ntchito yotukuka yotereyi imathandizira Ukraine kuchita nawo mgwirizano wamalonda padziko lonse lapansi ndikupereka zida zopangira mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Komanso, Ukraine ili ndi anthu ophunzira kwambiri omwe ali ndi luso lamphamvu m'mafakitale monga ma IT ndi kupanga ndege. Dzikoli limapindulanso ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito zotsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka. Izi zimakopa mabizinesi ochokera kumakampani apadziko lonse lapansi omwe akufunafuna ntchito zakunja kapena kukhazikitsa malo opangira. Kuphatikiza apo, malo abwino a Ukraine pamphambano zapakati pa Europe ndi Asia amapereka njira zabwino zoyendera pochita malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Imakhala ngati njira yolowera pakati pa misika ya EU ndi mayiko aku Central Asia monga China ndi Kazakhstan kudzera pama njanji opangidwa bwino. Komabe, ngakhale izi zitha, zovuta zingapo ziyenera kuthana ndi chitukuko chamsika wakunja ku Ukraine. Kusakhazikika kwa ndale kukupitilizabe kusokoneza malingaliro abizinesi pakati pa osunga ndalama pomwe ziphuphu zikulepheretsa mpikisano wachilungamo. Kuwongolera zinthu izi kuyenera kukhala kofunikira pakukopa ndalama zomwe zimalowa mdziko muno. Pomaliza, Ukraine ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pakutukuka kwa msika wamalonda akunja chifukwa champhamvu zake zaulimi monga wogulitsa kunja mbewu ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana zothandizira mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga zitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, ogwira ntchito ophunzira bwino omwe ali ndi luso laukadaulo wa IT amapereka mwayi wothandizana nawo kunja pomwe mwayi wamalo umathandizira mayendedwe olumikizira madera osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale zovuta monga kusakhazikika pazandale komanso nkhawa zakatangale zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa mosalekeza kuwongolera bizinesi kumathandizira kukula kwamalonda aku Ukraine m'kupita kwanthawi.

Zikafika posankha zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamsika wakunja waku Ukraine, ndikofunikira kulingalira zaubwino wapadera wadzikolo komanso zofuna za ogula. Monga chuma champhamvu komanso chikukula, Ukraine imapereka mwayi wambiri kwa mabizinesi omwe akufuna kukulitsa kupezeka kwawo pamsika uno. Choyamba, zinthu zaulimi zimafunidwa kwambiri ku Ukraine chifukwa cha nthaka yake yolemera komanso nyengo yabwino. Mbewu monga tirigu, chimanga, ndi balere zimafunidwa kwambiri m’dziko muno komanso pozigulitsa kunja. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatso (maapulo, zipatso) ndi ndiwo zamasamba (mbatata, anyezi) ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zaku Ukraine. Kachiwiri, kupatsidwa Ukraine maziko mafakitale ndi aluso ogwira ntchito, makina ndi zipangizo ndi otchuka kunja. Makina okhudzana ndi ulimi (mathirakitala, okolola), zomangamanga (zofukula), kupanga mphamvu (jenereta), komanso zida zachipatala zikhoza kugulitsidwa. Chachitatu, zinthu zogulira monga zamagetsi (mafoni ndi zida), zida zapakhomo (mafiriji & ma TV), zovala ndi nsapato ndizofunikira kwambiri pakati pa anthu aku Ukraine omwe amafunafuna zinthu zabwino pamitengo yotsika mtengo. Komanso, zinthu zongowonjezwdwa zokhudzana ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zimakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu chifukwa cha kudzipereka kwa Ukraine pachitukuko chokhazikika. Ma sola / ma turbines amphepo / zida zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zitha kukhala njira zabwino zotumizira kunja. Kuphatikiza apo, pakuchulukirachulukira kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi m'zaka zaposachedwa - malonda a e-commerce nawonso akuchulukirachulukira. Chifukwa chake kupereka zinthu zowoneka bwino monga zodzoladzola / kukongola / zowonjezera zaumoyo pa intaneti zitha kulowa mu gawo ili la ogula omwe amakonda zogula zosavuta. Ndikofunika osati kuzindikira magulu awa omwe angakhale nawo komanso kumvetsetsa malamulo a m'deralo okhudza kuitanitsa katundu kapena malamulo okhudzana ndi kugulitsa zinthu zina pamsika wa ku Ukraine. Pomaliza: Zaulimi monga mbewu ndi zipatso; makina & zida; katundu wogula monga zamagetsi & zipangizo zapakhomo; zinthu zongowonjezwdwa zokhudzana ndi mphamvu; Zopereka zamalonda za e-commerce kuphatikiza zodzoladzola / kukongola zonse zimapereka zosankha zodalirika posankha zinthu zogulitsa zotentha pamsika wamalonda waku Ukraine. Komabe - kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu wokhudza malamulo / zamalamulo ndikofunikiranso.

Ukraine, yomwe ili ku Eastern Europe, ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera amakasitomala komanso zikhalidwe zachikhalidwe. Kumvetsetsa mbali izi ndikofunikira kuti mabizinesi azichita bwino mdziko muno. Makhalidwe a Makasitomala: 1. Ubale-zokonda: Ukrainians kuyamikira ubale munthu ndi kukhulupirirana pochita malonda. Kupanga ubale wolimba wozikidwa pa kulemekezana n’kofunika. 2. Ulemu ndi kuchereza: Makasitomala ku Ukraine amayamikira khalidwe laulemu, monga kupereka moni ndi kugwirana chanza kolimba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mayina aulemu (monga Mr./Ms./Dr.) mpaka ataitanidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mayina. 3. Kuganizira zamtengo wapatali: Anthu a ku Ukraine ndi makasitomala omwe amaganizira zamtengo wapatali omwe nthawi zambiri amayerekezera mitengo asanasankhe kugula. 4. Kulemekeza miyambo: Makasitomala aku Ukraine amayamikira kwambiri chikhalidwe chawo komanso miyambo yawo, zomwe zingakhudze zomwe amakonda kugula. 5. Kusinthasintha kwa nthawi: Anthu a ku Ukraine akhoza kukhala ndi maganizo omasuka pa kusunga nthawi ndipo sangatsatire ndondomeko kapena masiku omalizira. Zikhalidwe Zachikhalidwe: 1. Kudzudzula Ukraine kapena chikhalidwe chake: Ndikofunikira kupewa kunena zonyoza dziko kapena miyambo yake pamene mukukambirana ndi makasitomala a ku Ukraine. 2. Kusalemekeza zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo: Dziko la Ukraine lili ndi zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Chikristu cha Orthodox n’chimene chili ponseponse. Kusalemekeza zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo kumatha kuyambitsa mikangano kapena kukhumudwitsa makasitomala. 3. Kunyalanyaza moni wamwambo: Anthu a ku Ukraine amakhala ndi moni wapadera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana, makamaka patchuthi kapena zikondwerero zabanja monga maukwati kapena maliro. Kuvomereza moni umenewu kumasonyeza kulemekeza chikhalidwe chawo. 4.Zokambirana zandale: Pewani kukambirana nkhani zandale zokhudzana ndi mbiri ya Ukraine monga nthawi ya Soviet Union; ndikwabwino kupeweratu ndale pokhapokha ngati waitanidwa mwachindunji ndi kasitomala. Ponseponse, kusunga ukatswiri, kukhazikitsa kulumikizana kwamunthu potengera kukhulupirirana, ndikuwonetsa kuyamikira miyambo ya ku Ukraine ndizofunikira kwambiri pochita ndi makasitomala ochokera ku Ukraine. Kudziwa za chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe kudzaonetsetsa kulankhulana mwaulemu komwe kumalimbikitsa maubwenzi abwino ndi anzanu aku Ukraine

Ukraine ili ndi miyambo yokhazikika komanso dongosolo loyang'anira malire kuti liwonetsetse kuyenda bwino kwa anthu ndi katundu mkati ndi kunja kwa dziko. Boma la State Fiscal Service (SFS) liri ndi udindo wokhazikitsa malamulo a kasitomu komanso kuyang'anira chitetezo chamalire. Akalowa ku Ukraine, apaulendo ayenera kupereka pasipoti yovomerezeka yomwe yatsala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yovomerezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, mayiko ena angafunike visa kutengera nzika zawo. Ndi bwino fufuzani ndi Ukraine ofesi ya kazembe kapena kazembe pamaso paulendo. Pankhani ya katundu, pali zoletsa zina zomwe zingabweretse ku Ukraine. Zinthu monga mankhwala oledzeretsa, zida, zophulika, ndi zinthu zachinyengo ndizoletsedwa. Zinthu zina zingafunikenso zilolezo kapena zolembedwa kuti zibwere kuchokera kunja. Kulengeza za kasitomu ndikofunikira mukabweretsa ndalama zopitilira 10,000 Euros kapena zofanana zake. Amalangizidwa kuti azilengeza zolondola kuti apewe zilango zilizonse kapena kuchedwa pamalire. Mukawoloka malire, nthawi zambiri mumafufuza momwe pasipoti yanu idzawunikiridwa ndikudindidwa moyenerera. Katundu akhoza kuyang'aniridwa mwachisawawa ndi akuluakulu a kasitomu pazifukwa zachitetezo. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti ziphuphu zakhala nkhani mu dongosolo la kasitomu la Ukraine m'mbuyomu; komabe, zoyesayesa zapangidwa ndi akuluakulu kuti athane ndi vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonekera komanso zowunikira. Kuonetsetsa kuti mukuyenda bwino mukadutsa miyambo yaku Ukraine: 1. Dziwireni zomwe mukufuna paulendo kuchokera kumadera ovomerezeka ulendo wanu usanachitike. 2. Khalani ndi zolemba zonse zofunika kuti ziwunikidwe. 3. Nenani zinthu zamtengo wapatali molondola. 4.Be okonzeka zopinga zotheka chinenero pokhala mfundo zofunika kumasuliridwa Chiyukireniya kapena Russian. 5.Khalani oleza mtima panthawi yofufuza anthu othawa kwawo chifukwa nthawi zodikira zingasiyane. Potsatira malangizowa ndi kutsatira malamulo Chiyukireniya miyambo, mukhoza kuyenda kudutsa malire a dziko efficiently polemekeza malamulo ndi chikhalidwe chake.

Ukraine, monga dziko lodziyimira pawokha, ili ndi mfundo zake zamtengo wapatali zogulira katundu kuchokera kumayiko akunja. Dongosolo la misonkho yochokera kunja kwa dziko lino cholinga chake ndi kuteteza mafakitale apakhomo, kulinganiza kuchepeka kwa malonda ndi kupezera boma ndalama. Nazi mfundo zazikuluzikulu za ntchito zoitanitsa ku Ukraine: 1. Katundu wambiri wotumizidwa kunja akulowa ku Ukraine amayenera kulipira msonkho malinga ndi gulu lawo malinga ndi gulu lachiyukireniya la katundu wogwirira ntchito zakunja. 2. Misonkho yosankhidwa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa mapangano osiyanasiyana a malonda aulere omwe Ukraine wasayina ndi mayiko ena. Mapangano otere amachepetsa kapena kuthetsa msonkho wa kasitomu pa zinthu zinazake zotumizidwa kuchokera kumayiko ogwirizana. 3. Kuchuluka kwa msonkho wotumizidwa kunja nthawi zambiri kumatengera mtengo wamtengo wapatali kapena mtengo wa katundu wotumizidwa kunja, kuwonjezera pa mtengo uliwonse waulendo ndi inshuwalansi wokhudzana ndi kubweretsa ku Ukraine. 4. Zinthu zina zitha kukhululukidwa kubweza ngongole zonse ngati zikugwera m'magulu omwe amaonedwa kuti ndizofunikira pa chitukuko cha dziko kapena ziganiziridwa kuti ndizofunikira pantchito yothandiza anthu. 5. Zogulitsa zina zaulimi ndi zinthu zina zitha kukhala ndi mitengo yokwera yokhazikitsidwa ngati njira zodzitetezera kwa alimi a m'nyumba. 6. Misonkho yowonjezereka monga msonkho wamtengo wapatali (VAT) ndi msonkho wa katundu ukhoza kugwiranso ntchito kutengera mtundu wa chinthu chomwe chikutumizidwa kunja. 7. Ogulitsa kunja atha kukumana ndi chindapusa chokhudzana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa kasitomu, zofunikira zolembedwa, kuyendera, ndi njira zina zoyendetsera madoko onse am'nyanja ndi malire akumtunda. 8. Boma la Chiyukireniya nthawi ndi nthawi limasintha ndandanda yake ya tariff kudzera mu kusintha kwa malamulo komwe kumayenderana ndi mapangano apadziko lonse lapansi kapena kuthana ndi zolinga zazachuma monga kuthandizira mafakitale am'deralo kapena kuwongolera zogulitsa kunja panthawi yamavuto azachuma. Chonde dziwani kuti chidziwitsochi chimapereka chidule cha mfundo zamisonkho zaku Ukraine; tsatanetsatane wokhudza katundu aliyense angapezeke potchula ndondomeko yovomerezeka yofalitsidwa ndi Utumiki wa Forodha wa ku Ukraine kapena kufunsira makampani otumiza katundu omwe ali ndi malamulo a malonda apadziko lonse.

Ukraine, dziko lomwe lili Kum’maŵa kwa Yuropu, lili ndi malamulo amisonkho athunthu a katundu wake wotumizidwa kunja. Ndondomeko yamisonkho ikufuna kuonetsetsa kuti pali mpikisano wachilungamo komanso kulimbikitsa kukula kwachuma. Nazi mfundo zazikuluzikulu za ndondomeko ya msonkho wa katundu wa ku Ukraine: 1. Mtengo Wowonjezera Misonkho (VAT): Zogulitsa zambiri zochokera ku Ukraine sizimachotsedwa ku VAT. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ogulitsa kunja sayenera kulipira msonkho wamtengo wapatali pa katundu wawo wotumizidwa kunja. 2. Msonkho wa Ndalama Zamakampani: Ogulitsa kunja ku Ukraine amalandila msonkho wa 18%. Mtengowu umagwiranso ntchito pa phindu lomwe limachokera ku katundu wotumiza kunja. 3. Customs Ntchito: Ukraine wakhazikitsa msonkho katundu pa katundu zina kunja mu dziko, kuphatikizapo zimene anafuna kuti mowa m'nyumba kapena njira mafakitale. Komabe, katundu wambiri wotumizidwa kunja kapena kutumizidwa kunja nthawi zambiri salipidwa msonkho. 4. Misonkho Yamtengo Wapatali: Zinthu zina monga mowa, fodya, ndi mafuta amafuta zimatha kulipidwa misonkho isanatumizidwe kunja kwa Ukraine. Misonkho iyi imasiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikutumizidwa kunja. 5. Special Economic Zones (SEZ): Ukraine amapereka madera apadera azachuma ndi mikhalidwe yabwino msonkho kwa otumiza kunja cholinga kulimbikitsa ndalama zakunja ndi kupititsa patsogolo malonda mayiko mpikisano. 6. Mgwirizano Wamalonda Waufulu (FTA): Monga gawo la njira yake yamalonda yakunja, Ukraine yalowa m'mapangano a malonda aulere ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi mabungwe achigawo monga Canada, European Union (EU), Turkey, ndipo posachedwa ndi United Kingdom pambuyo pa Brexit. Nthawi yosinthira idzatha mu 2020. Izi zimathandiza otumiza kunja ku Ukraine kuti apindule ndi mitengo yochepetsedwa kapena ziro-mitengo potumiza katundu wawo kumisika iyi. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ndondomeko zamisonkho zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha kusintha kwachuma kapena zisankho za boma zomwe cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa bizinesi m'magawo kapena zigawo zina mkati mwa Ukraine.

Ukraine, yomwe ili ku Eastern Europe, imadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogulitsa kunja. Dzikoli lakhazikitsa ndondomeko yokhwima yotsimikizira kuti katundu wake akuyenda bwino komanso kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino. Ulamuliro waukulu womwe umayang'anira ziphaso zotumizira kunja ku Ukraine ndi State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection (SSUFSCP). Bungweli limayang'anira ndikuyang'anira miyezo yachitetezo chazakudya, komanso limapereka ziphaso zazaulimi. Pazogulitsa kunja kwaulimi, olima aku Ukraine ayenera kutsatira zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mabungwe azamalamulo apadziko lonse lapansi monga International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) kapena Codex Alimentarius. Miyezo iyi imakhudza madera monga kasamalidwe ka chitetezo cha chakudya, machitidwe aukhondo, zofunikira zolembera, komanso kutsatiridwa. Kuti mupeze satifiketi yotumiza kunja kuchokera ku SSUFSCP, otumiza kunja akuyenera kupereka zolemba zatsatanetsatane pazogulitsa, njira zopangira, zonyamula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi zina zowonjezera. Maofesi akampani amathanso kuwunikiridwa kuti awonetsetse kuti akutsatira malamulo okhazikitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, magulu enaake azinthu angafunike ziphaso zowonjezera. Mwachitsanzo: 1. Zachilengedwe: Ngati kutumiza kunja zinthu zakuthupi monga mbewu kapena masamba pansi pa zilembo za organic kapena certification (mwachitsanzo, USDA Organic), makampani aku Ukraine ayenera kukwaniritsa malamulo a European Union. 2. Zinthu zopanda GMO: Mayiko ena amafuna umboni wosonyeza kuti katundu wotumizidwa kunja sachokera ku genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Opanga atha kupeza satifiketi yaulere ya GMO kuchokera ku ma laboratories odziyimira pawokha omwe amadziwika ndi mayiko omwe akutumiza kunja. 3. Zanyama: Kutumiza nyama kapena mkaka kumayiko ena kumafuna kutsatiridwa ndi zofunikira zaukhondo ndi zachiweto zomwe zakhazikitsidwa ndi akuluakulu a mayiko omwe akutumiza kunja. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti dziko lililonse lomwe mukupita likhoza kukhala ndi malamulo ake olowera kunja ndi zofunikira za satifiketi pazinthu zinazake. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti ogulitsa aku Ukraine azichita kafukufuku wokwanira pamisika yomwe akufuna asanayambe kutumiza. Ponseponse, Ukraine imatsindika kwambiri za ziphaso zogulitsa kunja kuti zitsimikizire kuti katundu wake akukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndikusunga mbiri yabwino m'misika yapadziko lonse lapansi.

Ukraine, yomwe ili ku Eastern Europe, ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi bizinesi yolimba komanso yotukuka. Ndi malo ake odziwika bwino komanso maukonde olumikizidwa bwino, Ukraine imapereka njira zingapo zogwirira ntchito zoyenera komanso zodalirika. 1. Nyanja Yonyamula katundu: Ukraine ili ndi mwayi wopita ku madoko akuluakulu kuphatikizapo Odessa, Yuzhny, ndi Mariupol m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Black Sea. Madokowa amapereka ntchito zabwino kwambiri zonyamula katundu panyanja potengera zinthu zotumiza ndi kutumiza kunja. Amanyamula mitundu yosiyanasiyana yonyamula katundu, kuphatikiza kutumiza zotengera, zonyamula katundu wambiri, ndi ntchito za Ro-Ro (roll-on/roll-off). 2. Sitima Yonyamula katundu: Ukraine ili ndi njanji yaikulu yomwe imagwirizanitsa ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana a ku Ulaya monga Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Russia, Belarus, ndi ena. Ukrzaliznytsia ndi kampani ya njanji yapadziko lonse yomwe imapereka njira zodalirika zonyamulira njanji zonyamula katundu m'dziko lonselo. 3. Air Katundu: Pakuti katundu nthawi tcheru kapena zosowa mayendedwe mtunda wautali, ndege katundu ndi yabwino kusankha Ukraine. Dzikoli lili ndi ma eyapoti angapo apadziko lonse lapansi monga Boryspil International Airport (KBP) ku Kyiv ndi Odesa International Airport (ODS) omwe amapereka ntchito zonyamula katundu zapamlengalenga zomwe zimalumikiza mizinda yayikulu padziko lonse lapansi. 4. Road Transport: Njira zoyendera misewu zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamakampani opanga zinthu ku Ukraine chifukwa cha misewu yake yayikulu yomwe imadutsa makilomita 169. Makampani oyendetsa magalimoto amapereka njira zothetsera khomo ndi khomo mkati mwa Ukraine komanso mayendedwe odutsa malire kupita kumayiko oyandikana nawo monga Poland kapena Romania. 5. Malo Osungiramo katundu: Kuthandizira njira yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe kazinthu m'malire a dziko kapena katundu wogulitsidwa ndi mayiko ena akudutsa m'dera la Ukraine popita kumalo omaliza kwina - pali malo ambiri amakono osungiramo katundu omwe amapezeka m'mizinda ikuluikulu monga Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv yopereka njira zosungirako zotetezedwa zisanagawidwe. 6. Customs Clearance Services: Pochita ndi ntchito zamalonda zapadziko lonse zokhudzana ndi katundu kapena katundu wochokera ku / ku Ukraine chilolezo cha miyambo chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri. Dzikoli lakhazikitsa ndondomeko yowonongeka ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa makina amagetsi ndi ndondomeko zosavuta zolembera kuti zitsimikizire kuyenda bwino kwa katundu kudutsa malire. 7. Third-Party Logistics (3PL) Othandizira: Ukraine ili ndi msika womwe ukukula wa opereka chithandizo chachitatu, opereka njira zophatikizira zophatikizira zoyendera, zosungira, ndi zogawa. Othandizira a 3PL awa ali ndi ukadaulo wowongolera ma chain chain moyenera kwinaku akugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chawo ndi zida zawo kuti apereke mayankho osinthika makonda. Pomaliza, Ukraine amapereka osiyanasiyana mayendedwe ntchito kuphatikizapo nyanja katundu, njanji katundu, katundu ndege, zoyendera misewu, malo osungira katundu komanso misonkhano chilolezo kudzera madoko ake Kufikika ndi maukonde lalikulu zoyendera. Ndi chithandizo chaothandizira odziwa zambiri a 3PL omwe akupezeka pamsika-Ukraine imadziwonetsera ngati chisankho chabwino kwa mabizinesi omwe akufuna njira zodalirika komanso zogwira mtima zamayendedwe ku Eastern Europe.

Zowonetsa zamalonda zofunika

Ukraine, monga dziko Kum'mawa kwa Ulaya, ali zosiyanasiyana zofunika mayiko ogula njira chitukuko ndi ziwonetsero kuti kutumikira monga nsanja zikuluzikulu za malonda ndi malonda. Makanema ndi ziwonetserozi zimathandiza makampani kuwonetsa zinthu kapena ntchito zawo, kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi omwe angathe kugula, kufufuza mwayi wamsika, ndikukulitsa ntchito zawo. Nawa ena mwa otchuka: 1. Pulogalamu Yogula Padziko Lonse: Ukraine ikugwira nawo ntchito pa International Buyer Programme yomwe inakonzedwa ndi U.S. Pulogalamuyi imathandizira kupanga mabizinesi pakati pamakampani aku Ukraine ndi ogula aku America kudzera muzowonetsa zosiyanasiyana zamalonda zomwe zimachitika ku United States. 2. Msonkhano wa EU-Ukraine: European Union ndi yofunika kwambiri pamalonda ku Ukraine. Msonkhano wa EU-Ukraine umalimbikitsa mgwirizano pazachuma pakati pa onse awiri pokonzekera zochitika zomwe zimasonkhanitsa mabizinesi ochokera kumadera onsewa kuti akambirane mwayi wamalonda. 3. Chiyukireniya Trade Mission: Chiyukireniya mishoni zamalonda zakonzedwa ndi mabungwe aboma kulimbikitsa kunja ndi kukopa ndalama zakunja mu chuma Ukraine. Mishoni izi zikuphatikiza misonkhano ndi omwe angagule, mafotokozedwe okhudza mwayi woyika ndalama, mabwalo abizinesi, ndi zina. 4.Export Kukwezeleza Maofesi (EPO): EPOs ntchito padziko lonse kulimbikitsa Chiyukireniya mankhwala kunja ndi atsogolere kugwirizana ndi ogula mayiko. Mwachitsanzo, ofesi ya Export Promotion Office yaku Ukraine nthawi zonse imapanga misonkhano yotumiza kunja komwe mabizinesi amatha kukumana ndi anzawo akunja. 5.Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce: The Chiyukireniya Chamber of Commerce akutumikira monga gwero zofunika makampani kufunafuna mabwenzi mayiko zogula. Amapereka zochitika zapaintaneti monga masemina, zokambirana, zokumana ndi ogulitsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsa mabizinesi am'deralo ndi unyolo wapadziko lonse lapansi. 6.International Trade Fairs: Ukraine makamu angapo odziwika malonda fairs mayiko chaka chonse m'mafakitale monga ulimi (AgroAnimalShow), zomangamanga (InterBuildExpo), mphamvu (Mphamvu Engineering kwa Makampani), IT & luso (Lviv IT Arena), etc., Izi ziwonetsero zimakopa ogula akunyumba ndi akunja omwe akufunafuna zinthu zatsopano kapena maubwenzi. 7.UCRAA Fair Trade Show: UCRAA Fair Trade Show ndi chiwonetsero chapachaka cholunjika pakuwonetsa zinthu zaku Ukraine kwa ogula apadziko lonse lapansi. Zimabweretsa pamodzi ogulitsa kunja ndi ogulitsa kunja kuchokera ku mafakitale osiyanasiyana, ndikupereka nsanja ya zokambirana zamabizinesi, mgwirizano, ndi mgwirizano. 8.Ukraine-Expo: Ukraine-Expo ndi nsanja yapaintaneti yomwe imalumikiza opanga ku Ukraine ndi ogula akunja. Imagwira ntchito ngati msika pomwe mabizinesi amatha kuwonetsa katundu / ntchito zawo ndikulumikizana mwachindunji ndi omwe angakhale makasitomala apadziko lonse lapansi. 9.Ambassadorial Business Council: The Ambassadorial Business Council of Ukraine amachita ngati mlatho pakati pa ogula yachilendo ndi opanga m'deralo pokonzekera zochitika kulimbikitsa ubale malonda. Zochitika izi zikuphatikizapo misonkhano ya ogula-ogula, misonkhano yokhudzana ndi makampani, ndi magawo ochezera a pa Intaneti. 10.International Economic Forums: Ukraine makamu mabwalo zachuma mayiko monga Kyiv Mayiko Economic Forum (KIEF) ndi Yalta European Strategy (YES) Summit. Mapulatifomuwa amabweretsa pamodzi opanga ndondomeko, atsogoleri amalonda, akatswiri a gawo, ndi osunga ndalama ochokera padziko lonse lapansi kuti akambirane za chitukuko cha zachuma ku Ukraine. Makanema ndi ziwonetserozi zimathandizira kwambiri kusiyanasiyana kwa msika waku Ukraine pokopa mabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Amagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira kulimbikitsa ubale wamalonda pakati pawo komanso kupereka mwayi kwa mabizinesi aku Ukraine kuti apeze misika yapadziko lonse lapansi.

Makina osakira wamba

Pali injini zingapo zofufuzira zodziwika ku Ukraine zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nzika zake. Nawa ochepa mwa iwo: 1. Google Ukraine (www.google.com.ua): Google ndiye makina osakira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, komanso ku Ukraine. Amapereka mautumiki osiyanasiyana ndi zotsatira zosaka zomwe zimapangidwira ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti aku Ukraine. 2. Yandex (www.yandex.ua): Yandex ndi kampani yaukadaulo yaku Russia yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamakina akuluakulu osakira ku Russia ndi mayiko ena akum'mawa kwa Europe, kuphatikiza Ukraine. 3. Meta.ua (www.meta.ua): Meta.ua ndi Chiyukireniya ukonde zipata zimene zikuphatikizapo kufufuza injini mbali. Imapereka magulu osiyanasiyana osaka zambiri, monga nkhani, nyengo, mamapu, ndi zina. 4. Rambler (nova.rambler.ru): Rambler ndi injini ina yotchuka yakusaka m'chinenero cha Chirasha yomwe imathandizira anthu ku Ukraine komanso mayiko ena olankhula Chirasha. 5. ukr.net (search.ukr.net): Ukr.net ndi tsamba lapaintaneti la Chiyukireniya lomwe limapereka ma imelo ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga nkhani, zosintha zanyengo, ndi injini yosakira yophatikizika kuti ogwiritsa ntchito apeze zambiri pa intaneti. 6. Bing Ukraine (www.bing.com/?cc=ua): Bing ilinso ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa anthu a ku Ukraine komwe angathe kufufuza ndi kupeza ntchito zina za Microsoft monga imelo ndi nkhani. Makina osakira odziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati Yahoo ali ndi malo ang'onoang'ono ogwiritsa ntchito ku Ukraine poyerekeza ndi omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa koma amapezekabe ndi anthu aku Ukraine omwe amawakonda kuposa omwe akupikisana nawo. Kumbukirani kuti nthawi zonse muzisamala mukamayang'ana patsamba lililonse kapena nsanja yomwe simukuwadziwa ndipo muzikumbukira njira zabwino zachitetezo cha pa intaneti mukamasakatula pa intaneti kuchokera kudziko lililonse kapena dera.

Masamba akulu achikasu

Ku Ukraine, pali masamba angapo achikasu ofunikira omwe angapereke zambiri zamabizinesi ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Nawa mndandanda wamasamba akulu achikasu mdziko muno limodzi ndi masamba awo: 1. Yellow Pages Ukraine - Buku ili la pa intaneti limapereka mndandanda wazinthu zamabizinesi m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ku Ukraine. Tsambali limapereka mawonekedwe osaka kuti mupeze makampani enaake, zidziwitso zawo, ndi zambiri zamasamba. Webusayiti: https://www.yellowpages.ua/en 2. Chiyukireniya Exporters Database - Pulatifomuyi imayang'ana pa kulimbikitsa katundu wa ku Ukraine ndipo imapereka malo osungirako zinthu kunja m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga ulimi, makina, mankhwala, nsalu, ndi zina. Zimaphatikizanso mbiri yamakampani ndi zambiri. Webusayiti: http://ukrexport.gov.ua/en/ 3. All-Chiyukireniya Internet Association (AUIA) Business Directory - AUIA ndi mmodzi wa kutsogolera mayanjano intaneti mu Ukraine ndipo amapereka bukhu la bizinesi ndi makampani ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana m'mafakitale angapo. Chikwatuchi chimakhala ndi mbiri zamakampani zomwe zili ndi chidziwitso chofunikira pazogulitsa kapena ntchito za bungwe lililonse. Webusayiti: http://directory.auiab.org/ 4. iBaza.com.ua - Mndandanda wamabizinesi apaintanetiwu uli ndi magulu osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza opanga, ogulitsa, opereka chithandizo, ogulitsa, ogulitsa ndi zina zambiri m'zigawo zonse za Ukraine. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusaka makampani apadera pogwiritsa ntchito mawu osakira kapena kusakatula m'magulu osiyanasiyana kuti apeze mabizinesi oyenera. Webusayiti: https://ibaza.com.ua/en/ 5. UkRCatalog.com - Bukuli limatchula makampani omwe akugwira ntchito ku Ukraine m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga ogulitsa zipangizo zomangira, opereka chithandizo chazamalamulo. zipatala etc.Imakhala ndi mbiri yamakampani mwatsatanetsatane kuphatikiza komwe ali pamapu a google kuti azitha kuyenda mosavuta. Webusayiti:http://www.ukrcatalog.com Maupangiri amasamba achikasu awa amapereka zinthu zofunika kwambiri zothandizira anthu ndi mabizinesi kupeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi malonda, ntchito, ndi mabungwe omwe angakhale akufufuza pamsika waku Ukraine. Chonde dziwani kuti masamba ena atha kukhala ndi njira zowonjezera zolembetsa kuti athe kupeza zambiri kapena zina zapamwamba kuposa mindandanda yoyambira. Timalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse kutsimikizira zowona ndi zodalirika zamabizinesi kudzera mu kafukufuku wowonjezereka musanachite nawo chilichonse.

Mapulatifomu akuluakulu azamalonda

Ukraine ndi dziko lomwe lili Kum'mawa kwa Europe komwe kuli msika wamalonda wa e-commerce. Nawa ena mwa nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce ku Ukraine, pamodzi ndi masamba awo: 1. Prom.ua: Prom.ua ndi imodzi mwa nsanja zazikulu kwambiri za e-commerce ku Ukraine, zomwe zimapereka zinthu zambiri zochokera m'magulu osiyanasiyana monga zamagetsi, mafashoni, zida zapakhomo, ndi zina zambiri. Webusayiti: https://prom.ua/ 2. Rozetka.com.ua: Rozetka ndi msika wina wotchuka wapaintaneti womwe umagwira ntchito pamagetsi ndi zida zapakhomo. Ilinso ndi zinthu zochokera m'magulu ena monga mafashoni, kukongola, zida zamasewera, ndi zina. Webusayiti: https://rozetka.com.ua/ 3. Citrus.ua: Citrus ndi malonda okhazikika pa intaneti omwe amayang'ana kwambiri zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikizapo mafoni a m'manja, ma laputopu, makamera, ma TV, ndi zina. Amaperekanso ntchito zotumizira ku Ukraine. Webusayiti: https://www.citrus.ua/ 4 . Allo : Allo ndi nsanja yotsogola yaku Ukraine ya e-commerce yomwe imakonda kwambiri mafoni am'manja limodzi ndi zida zina zamagetsi ndi zina. Webusayiti: http://allo.com/ua 5 . Foxtrot : Foxtrot imayang'ana kwambiri pa kugulitsa zamagetsi monga makompyuta & zowonjezera, laputopu, zosewerera masewera, zida zapanyumba ndi zina.Monga msika wina wa ecommerce umapereka zotumizira kunyumba m'dziko lonselo. Webusayiti: https://www.bt.rozetka.com.ru/ 6 . Bigl.ua : Bigl (Biglion) imagwira ntchito ngati msika wapaintaneti wopereka zotsika mtengo pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza koma osangokhala pamagetsi, zovala, zamankhwala ndi zina. Webusayiti: https://bigl.ua/ Chonde dziwani kuti mndandandawu ukuphatikizanso ena mwa nsanja zodziwika bwino za e-commerce ku Ukraine; komabe pakhoza kukhala ena komanso malingana ndi magulu enieni mankhwala kapena misika kagawo kakang'ono mkati mwa dziko lonse digito malonda scene.Kusankha anthu otchuka awa kwambiri kuonjezera mwayi wanu kupeza zimene mukuyang'ana pamene kugula Intaneti ku Ukraine.

Major social media nsanja

Ukraine ndi dziko lomwe lili Kum'mawa kwa Europe, ndipo monga mayiko ena ambiri, ili ndi malo ake ochezera ochezera. Nawa ena mwamawebusayiti otchuka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Ukraine: 1. VKontakte (https://vk.com/): Imadziwika kuti "Russian Facebook," VKontakte imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri osati ku Ukraine kokha komanso m'mayiko ena olankhula Chirasha. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupanga mbiri, kugawana zosintha, kujowina magulu, ndikulumikizana ndi anzanu. 2. Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/): Monga mmodzi wa kutsogolera padziko lonse chikhalidwe TV nsanja, Facebook ali amphamvu pamaso pa Ukraine. Imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana ndi abwenzi ndi abale, kupanga masamba ndi magulu achidwi, ndikugawana nawo ma multimedia. 3. Odnoklassniki (https://ok.ru/): Odnoklassniki amamasulira kuti "Ophunzira nawo" mu Chingerezi ndipo ndi otchuka pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito Chiyukireniya omwe amalumikizananso ndi anzawo akale a m'kalasi kapena anzawo akusukulu. Tsambali limapereka mawonekedwe ofanana ndi omwe amapezeka pa VKontakte. 4. Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/): Tsamba logawana zithunzi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Instagram yapezanso kutchuka ku Ukraine. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kutumiza zithunzi ndi makanema pambiri kapena nkhani zawo kwinaku akutsatira ena kuti aziwalimbikitsa kapena zosangalatsa. 5. Telegalamu (https://telegram.org/): Telegalamu ndi pulogalamu yotumizira mauthenga yochokera pamtambo yomwe imapereka njira zolumikizirana zotetezeka kudzera pa mauthenga obisika ndi kuyimba kwamawu. Idatchuka chifukwa chazinsinsi zake komanso njira zambiri zapagulu pazokonda zosiyanasiyana. 6.Viber( https://www.viber.com/en/): Viber ndi pulogalamu yotumizirana mauthenga yomwe imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kutumiza mauthenga mosatekeseka pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamaukadaulo zolumikizirana zobisika monga kubisa-kumapeto pazokambirana zachinsinsi. ndi njira zoyimbira mavidiyo 7.TikTok( https://www.tiktok.com/en/) : TikTok yadziwika kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata aku Ukraine pogawana makanema achidule komanso zovuta zovina, nyimbo, makanema ndi zina. Chonde dziwani kuti nsanjazi sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Ukraine kokha ndipo zili ndi kutchuka kosiyanasiyana pakati pamagulu ndi madera osiyanasiyana mdziko muno.

Mgwirizano waukulu wamakampani

Ukraine, monga dziko lotukuka, ili ndi mabungwe angapo otchuka omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poyimira ndikuthandizira magawo osiyanasiyana azachuma. Nawa ena mwazinthu zazikulu zamakampani aku Ukraine pamodzi ndi ma URL awo patsamba: 1. Chiyukireniya Chamber of Commerce and Industry (UNCCI) - Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1963, UNCCI ndi bungwe lodziwika bwino lomwe limalimbikitsa malonda apadziko lonse ndi chitukuko cha zachuma ku Ukraine. Amapereka chithandizo kwa mabizinesi, kukonza mishoni zamalonda, ndikuthandizira mgwirizano. Webusayiti: https://uccii.org/en/ 2. Chiyukireniya Association of Real Estate Specialists (UARS) - UARS ndi bungwe lotsogola la akatswiri ogulitsa nyumba ku Ukraine. Amayang'ana kwambiri kulimbikitsa machitidwe amabizinesi amakhalidwe abwino, kukulitsa luso, komanso mwayi wolumikizana ndi malo ogulitsa nyumba. Webusayiti: http://ua.rs.ua/en/ 3. American Chamber of Commerce ku Ukraine (AmCham) - AmCham imayimira makampani onse aku America omwe akugwira ntchito ku Ukraine ndi mabizinesi am'deralo omwe amalumikizana ndi United States. Zimagwira ntchito kuti zikhazikitse ndondomeko ya ndalama, kulimbikitsa ndondomeko za mpikisano mwachilungamo, ndi kulimbikitsa kukula kwachuma. Webusayiti: https://www.chamber.ua/en/ 4. Chiyukireniya Agribusiness Club (UCAB) - UCAB kumabweretsa pamodzi makampani akuluakulu ulimi ntchito Ukraine kulimbikitsa ntchito zisathe ulimi ndi kuimira zofuna mkati makampani m'nyumba ndi mayiko. Tsamba lofikira: https://ucab.ua/en 5.Ukrainian Association of Furniture Manufacturers(UAMF)- UAMF imayang'ana kwambiri kulimbikitsa gawo lopanga mipando pochita kafukufuku wamsika & zochitika zomwe zimakulitsa mwayi wogulitsa kunja kwa mamembala ake. Webusayiti: http://www.uamf.com.ua/eng.html

Mawebusayiti a bizinesi ndi malonda

Pali mawebusayiti angapo azachuma ndi malonda aku Ukraine. Nawa ochepa mwa iwo pamodzi ndi ma URL awo patsamba: 1. Unduna wa Zachitukuko cha Economic, Trade and Agriculture: Iyi ndi tsamba lovomerezeka la unduna wa boma la Ukraine womwe umayang'anira chitukuko cha zachuma, malonda, ndi ulimi. Webusayiti: https://www.me.gov.ua/ 2. State Fiscal Service ya Ukraine: The State Fiscal Service ndi udindo misonkho ndi miyambo nkhani Ukraine. Webusayiti: https://sfs.gov.ua/en/ 3. Export Kukwezeleza Ofesi ya Ukraine: Bungwe cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa katundu Chiyukireniya ku misika mayiko. Webusayiti: https://epo.org.ua/en/home 4. Investment Kukwezeleza Office "UkraineInvest": Ofesi imeneyi kumathandiza kukopa ndalama mwachindunji yachilendo ku Ukraine popereka zambiri za mwayi ndalama m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Webusayiti: https://ukraineinvest.com/ 5. Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ukraine (CCIU): CCIU ndi bungwe lomwe si laboma lomwe limathandizira ntchito zamabizinesi kudzera m'mabizinesi monga kupanga machesi, kukwezeleza kunja, ndi thandizo la arbitration. Webusayiti: http://ucci.org.ua/?lang=en 6. Exporters Association of Ukraine (EAU): EAU ndi bungwe lomwe limayimira zofuna za ogulitsa kunja ku Ukraine m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Webusayiti:http://www.apu.com.ua/eng/ Mawebusayitiwa atha kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi chuma ndi malonda ku Ukraine monga mfundo, malamulo, mwayi wazachuma, njira zamisonkho, njira zotsatsira katundu, ntchito zofananira bizinesi, kulumikizana kofunikira etc. Chonde dziwani kuti nthawi zonse timalimbikitsa kutsimikizira zambiri kuchokera kumadera angapo kapena kulumikizana ndi mabungwe mwachindunji musanapange zisankho zilizonse zabizinesi kapena kudalira komwe mwaperekedwa. Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zimathandiza!

Mawebusayiti amafunso amalonda

Ukraine ili ndi mawebusayiti angapo amafunso azamalonda omwe amapereka chidziwitso pazamalonda ake apadziko lonse lapansi. Nawa ena mwamawebusayiti odziwika bwino ku Ukraine ndi ma URL awo: 1. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (SSSU): Webusaiti yovomerezeka ya SSSU imapereka ziwerengero ndi deta yokhudzana ndi malonda apadziko lonse, kuphatikizapo zogulitsa kunja, zotumiza kunja, ndi malipiro oyenera. Mutha kupeza gawo la Trade patsamba lawo pa: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/operativ2008/zd/index_e.php 2. Chiyukireniya Chamber of Commerce and Industry (UCCI): UCCI a pa Intaneti nsanja amapereka zosiyanasiyana zida kufufuza malonda okhudzana ndi ziwerengero, kuphatikizapo import-export ziwerengero ndi dziko, katundu kapena HS code classification. Pitani patsamba lawo la Trade Statistics pa: https://ucci.org.ua/en/statistics/ 3. Unduna wa Zachitukuko cha Chuma, Malonda ndi Ulimi: Webusaiti ya dipatimenti ya boma iyi ili ndi gawo la zochitika zachuma zakunja komwe mungapeze ziwerengero zazamalonda malinga ndi mayiko kapena magulu azinthu. Pezani tsamba lawo la Ziwerengero za Ntchito Zazachuma Zakunja Pano: https://me.gov.ua/Documents/List?lang=en-GB&tag=Statistyka-zovnishnoekonomichnoi-diialnosti 4. Mayiko Trade Portal Ukraine: Izi zipata pa Intaneti amapereka mwatsatanetsatane za mwayi malonda mayiko Ukraine komanso kupeza Nawonso achichepere zogwirizana ndi deta ziwerengero pa imports, katundu, tariffs, etc. Mukhoza kufufuza awo Trade Data gawo pa: https:/ /itu.com.ua/en/data-trade-ua-en/ 5. Index Mundi - Ukraine Exports By Country: Ngakhale sanaperekedwe ku mafunso okhudza malonda ku Ukraine kokha, Index Mundi imapereka chithunzithunzi chachidule cha omwe akugulitsa kunja ndi zigawo zamalonda ku Ukraine. Onani tsamba apa: https://www.indexmundi.com/facts/ukraine/export-partners Chonde dziwani kuti mawebusayitiwa angafunike kufufuza kwina kuti mudutse magawo enaake okhudzana ndi zomwe mukufuna.

B2B nsanja

Ukraine ndi dziko lomwe lili ku Eastern Europe. Ili ndi gawo lotukuka la bizinesi ndi bizinesi (B2B) yokhala ndi nsanja zingapo zomwe zimalumikiza mabizinesi ndikuwongolera malonda. Nawa nsanja za B2B ku Ukraine pamodzi ndi masamba awo: 1. Tumizani Ukraine (https://export-ukraine.com/): nsanja Izi amalimbikitsa Chiyukireniya katundu ndi ntchito ku misika mayiko, kulumikiza ogula Chiyukireniya ndi ogula yachilendo. 2. Biz.UA (https://biz.ua/): Biz.UA ndi msika wa B2B womwe umalola mabizinesi kuwonetsa malonda awo, kulumikizana ndi omwe angakhale ogwirizana nawo, ndikukulitsa maukonde awo. 3. Ukraine Business Directory (https://www.ukrainebusinessdirectory.com/): Buku Intaneti zimathandiza owerenga kupeza makampani osiyanasiyana Chiyukireniya m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kukhala kosavuta kukhazikitsa kugwirizana malonda. 4. E-Biznes.com.ua (http://e-biznes.com.ua/): E-Biznes ndi nsanja yamalonda yapaintaneti pomwe mabizinesi amatha kugula ndikugulitsa zinthu ndi ntchito mkati mwa msika waku Ukraine. 5. BusinessCatalog.ua (https://businesscatalog.ua/):BusinessCatalog imapereka buku lazamalonda lamakampani ku Ukraine, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kufufuza ntchito kapena mafakitale ena. 6. Msika wa Prozorro (https://prozorro.market/en/): Msika wa Prozorro ndi malo ogulira anthu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabungwe a boma komanso mabungwe achinsinsi pogula katundu ndi ntchito kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe amalembetsa papulatifomu. 7. Allbiz (https://ua.all.biz/en/): Allbiz ndi msika wapadziko lonse wa B2B womwe umaphatikizapo mabizinesi aku Ukraine pakati pa mindandanda yake, kupereka mwayi wopita kumagulu osiyanasiyana monga kupanga, ulimi, zomangamanga, ndi zina zambiri. 8. TradeKey Ukraine (http://ua.tradekey.com/): TradeKey ndi msika wapadziko lonse wa B2B kumene ogwiritsa ntchito angapeze ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo omwe ali ku Ukraine. Izi ndi zitsanzo zochepa chabe za nsanja za B2B zomwe zikupezeka ku Ukraine. Mapulatifomuwa amapereka njira yoti mabizinesi alumikizane, agulitse, ndikukulitsa maukonde awo, zomwe zikuthandizira kukula kwachuma cha Ukraine.