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Chidule cha Dziko
Ndalama Yadziko
Mtengo wosinthitsira
Tchuthi Zofunika
Mkhalidwe Wamalonda Akunja
Kukula Kwa Msika
Zogulitsa zotentha pamsika
Makhalidwe a kasitomala ndi zonyansa
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Mfundo zamisonkho zochokera kunja
Mfundo zamisonkho zotumiza kunja
Zitsimikizo zofunika kutumiza kunja
Analimbikitsa mayendedwe
Njira zopangira ogula

Russia, yomwe imadziwika kuti Russian Federation, ndiye dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi potengera malo. Ili ku Eastern Europe ndi Northern Asia, imadutsa ma kilomita 17 miliyoni. Dzikoli limagawana malire ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana oyandikana nawo monga China, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Ukraine ndi Finland. Russia ili ndi anthu pafupifupi 146 miliyoni. Moscow ndiye likulu komanso mzinda waukulu kwambiri wa anthu. Mizinda ina yayikulu ndi Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk ndi Yekaterinburg. Chilankhulo chovomerezeka ndi Chirasha. Madera aku Russia ndi osiyanasiyana modabwitsa, kuphatikiza zigwa zazikulu, mapiri (monga mapiri a Ural) ndi mapiri omwe ali m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yambiri (kuphatikiza mtsinje wautali kwambiri ku Europe - Volga) ndi nyanja (kuphatikiza Nyanja ya Baikal - nyanja yakuya kwambiri padziko lapansi). Ilinso ndi gombe lalikulu m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Arctic ndi nyanja zingapo kuphatikiza Nyanja ya Baltic. Mbiri yakale yodziwika ndi maufumu ake - Tsardom of Russia yotsatiridwa ndi Soviet Union - Russia ili ndi chikhalidwe cholemera chomwe chimaphatikizapo zolemba (ndi olemba otchuka monga Tolstoy), nyimbo zachikale (zokhala ndi oimba ngati Tchaikovsky) ndi kuvina kwa ballet (makampani otchuka a ballet monga Bolshoi Theatre. ). Pazachuma, Russia ili ndi zachilengedwe zambiri kuphatikiza mafuta, gasi, malasha ndi zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zotsogola padziko lonse lapansi m'magawo awa. Kuonjezera apo, mafakitale monga ukadaulo waukadaulo wazamlengalenga amatenga gawo lofunikira pachuma chawo. Komabe, Russia ikukumananso ndi zovuta zina pachitukuko chake kuphatikiza mikangano yandale ndi mayiko ena oyandikana nawo, kufunikira kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazachuma kupitilira kuchotsa zinthu, ndi nkhawa zokhudza ufulu wa anthu. Ponseponse, kusakanikirana kwapadera kwa Russia kwa geography, chikhalidwe, ndi mbiri yakale kumapangitsa kuti likhale dziko lopatsa chidwi lomwe lili ndi chidwi padziko lonse lapansi ngakhale likusintha mosalekeza munthawi yonseyi.

Russia ndi dziko lomwe lili ku Eurasia ndipo limadutsa Eastern Europe ndi Northern Asia. Ndalama yovomerezeka ku Russia ndi Russian ruble (RUB), yophiphiritsira ₽. Ruble imagawidwa mu kopeks 100, ngakhale izi sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pazochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku. Banki yayikulu ya Russia, yomwe imadziwika kuti Bank of Russia, imayang'anira ndondomeko yazandalama ndikuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka ma ruble m'dzikolo. Ruble yasintha kwambiri kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1704. M'mbiri yonse, idakumana ndi nthawi yotsika kwambiri komanso kutsika mtengo chifukwa cha kuchepa kwachuma komanso zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi. M’zaka zaposachedwa, ndalama ya dziko la Russia yakumana ndi mavuto angapo chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zilango zomwe mayiko a azungu apereka chifukwa cha mikangano ya ndale. Izi zidapangitsa kuti mtengo wa ruble utsike poyerekeza ndi ndalama zazikulu zapadziko lonse lapansi monga dollar yaku US ndi yuro. Kuti ndalama zake zikhazikike, dziko la Russia linagwiritsa ntchito njira monga kukweza chiwongoladzanja, kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira ndalama zakunja, ndi kukhazikitsanso ndondomeko ya zachuma. Zochita izi zidafuna kupititsa patsogolo chidaliro chamabizinesi pachuma cha Russia ndikuchepetsa kutsika kwamitengo. Ngakhale kukumana ndi kusatsimikizika kwachuma nthawi zina, kuphatikiza kusakhazikika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mitengo yamafuta (monga momwe kutumizira mphamvu kunja kumathandizira kwambiri pachuma cha Russia), zoyesayesa zapangidwa kuti zithandizire kukhazikika kwa ndalama zake pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Monga ndalama ina iliyonse yapadziko lonse, kusintha kwa ndondomeko zachuma zapakhomo pamodzi ndi zochitika zambiri zachuma zimakhudza mtengo wa ruble wa Russia poyerekeza ndi ndalama zina pamisika yosinthira padziko lonse lapansi.

Ndalama zovomerezeka za Russia ndi Russian ruble (RUB). Ponena za mitengo yosinthira ndi ndalama zazikulu zapadziko lonse lapansi, nayi mitengo yofananira (kuyambira Ogasiti 2022): 1 USD (United States Dollar) = 86.5 RUB 1 EUR (Euro) = 101.4 RUB 1 GBP (Mapaundi aku Britain) = 116.0 RUB 1 CNY (Yuan yaku China) = 13.3 RUB Chonde dziwani kuti mitengo yosinthira imatha kusiyanasiyana ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufufuze ndi gwero lodalirika kapena mabungwe azachuma kuti akupatseni mitengo yaposachedwa kwambiri musanapange malonda.

Russia ili ndi maholide angapo ofunika omwe amakondwerera chaka chonse. Imodzi mwatchuthi chofunikira kwambiri ku Russia ndi Tsiku la Chaka Chatsopano, lomwe limakondwerera Januware 1. Ndi nthawi yosangalatsa yodziwika ndi zozimitsa moto, maphwando, ndi kupatsana mphatso. Zikondwererozi zimayamba usiku wa Chaka Chatsopano pomwe anthu amasonkhana kuti adzaonere zokamba za Purezidenti komanso kusangalala ndi chisangalalo. Pakati pausiku, padziko lonse lapansi pali ziwonetsero zochititsa chidwi zamoto. Tchuthi china chofunikira ku Russia ndi Tsiku la Akazi Padziko Lonse, lomwe limachitika pa Marichi 8 chaka chilichonse. Tsikuli limakondwerera kupambana ndi zopereka za amayi m'deralo. Amuna kaŵirikaŵiri amapereka maluwa ndi mphatso zazing’ono kwa okondedwa awo aakazi monga chizindikiro cha chiyamikiro. May 9 ndi Tsiku Lopambana kapena Tsiku Lopambana pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, kukumbukira kupambana kwa Nazi Germany pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse. Ndi limodzi mwatchuthi chofunikira kwambiri ku Russia chodzaza ndi ziwonetsero, zowombera moto, makonsati, ndi miyambo yolemekeza omenyera nkhondo. Russia imakondwereranso maholide angapo achipembedzo monga Isitala ndi Khrisimasi malinga ndi miyambo ya Chikhristu cha Orthodox. Isitala imagwera pamasiku osiyanasiyana chaka chilichonse koma nthawi zambiri imapezeka kumapeto kwa Epulo ndi koyambirira kwa Meyi. Anthu amapita ku tchalitchi, kusinthanitsa mazira okongoletsedwa bwino omwe amadziwika kuti "pysanka," ndipo amasangalala ndi chakudya ndi banja. Potsirizira pake, Tsiku la Umodzi likuchitika pa November 4th chaka chilichonse kukumbukira kumasulidwa kwa Moscow ku Polish occupation mu 1612. Imaimira mgwirizano wa Russia ndi kusiyanasiyana kudzera muzochitika zosiyanasiyana za chikhalidwe monga ma concerts, mawonetsero owonetsa zaluso zachikhalidwe, zochitika zakale pakati pa ena. Zikondwerero zofunika izi zimawunikira chikhalidwe cha Chirasha kudzera mu zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo kapena zochitika zakale zomwe zimafunikira kudziwika kwa anthu aku Russia.

Russia ndiye dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, lomwe limadutsa ku Europe ndi Asia, lomwe lili ndi mbiri yakale komanso zachuma zosiyanasiyana. Pankhani ya malonda, Russia ili ndi gawo lalikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Dziko la Russia limadziwika ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe monga mafuta, gasi, mchere, ndi zitsulo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pamisika yapadziko lonse lapansi. Dzikoli ndi limodzi mwa mayiko omwe amagulitsa mafuta ndi gasi. Kutumiza kwamphamvu kunja kumathandizira kwambiri pamalonda aku Russia. Kupatula zinthu zamagetsi, Russia imatumizanso zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zitsulo (monga zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu), mankhwala, makina ndi zida, magalimoto, zinthu zaulimi (kuphatikiza tirigu), nsalu, ndi mikono. Komabe, pakhala pali chidwi chachikulu pakusintha chuma chake kuti chichepetse kudalira ndalama zamafuta. Russia yakhala ikukulitsa ubale wamalonda pakati pa mayiko awiriwa ndi mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mabizinesi ake akuluakulu akuphatikiza China (yomwe yakhala bwenzi lake lalikulu kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa), Germany, Netherlands, Italy, Turkey, Belarus, ndi Kazakhstan. Ngakhale kuti dziko la Russia limatumiza katundu wochuluka padziko lonse lapansi, limatumizanso katundu wosiyanasiyana monga makina, zipangizo, mipando, zovala, ndi magalimoto. Komabe, mgwirizano wamalonda pakati pa Russia ndi maiko akumadzulo wakhudzidwa ndi mikangano yandale. Poyankha zilango zazachuma zomwe mayiko a azungu, Russia idatembenukira kumadera ena monga Asia, Latin America, ndi Africa kuti ilimbikitse misika yake yogulitsa kunja. Kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwachuma kwanthawi yayitali kwatsimikizira kukhala kopindulitsa ku chuma cha Russia. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti malonda apadziko lonse lapansi amatha kusinthasintha chifukwa cha zochitika zadziko kapena zachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Ponseponse, dziko la Russia likupitilizabe kukhala ndi gawo lofunikira pazamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe.

Russia ili ndi mwayi waukulu wopanga msika wake wamalonda wakunja. Monga dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Russia ili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zambiri monga mafuta, gasi, mchere, ndi matabwa. Izi zimapereka maziko olimba a malonda ake ogulitsa kunja. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zamphamvu zaku Russia ndi gawo lake lamagetsi. Ndilo dziko lachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi popanga mafuta ndi gasi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pamisika yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi, Russia ili ndi mwayi wokulitsa luso lake lotumiza kunja ndikukopa ndalama zakunja. Kuphatikiza apo, Russia ili ndi maziko olimba opanga omwe amaphatikiza mafakitale monga zakuthambo, magalimoto, makina, ndi mankhwala. Magawowa ali ndi kuthekera kopereka zinthu zapamwamba kumisika yapadziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, malo aku Russia akupangitsa kukhala kofunikira kwambiri pamayendedwe pakati pa Europe ndi Asia. Bungwe la Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), lomwe limaphatikizapo mayiko monga Belarus ndi Kazakhstan, pakati pa ena, limapereka malonda abwino m'derali. Izi zimapereka mwayi kwa mabizinesi aku Russia kuti agwiritse ntchito misika iyi. Komanso, ntchito zaposachedwa za boma zomwe cholinga chake ndi kusokoneza chuma chawonetsa zotsatira zabwino. Pulogalamu ya "Made in Russia" imalimbikitsa zopanga zapakhomo popereka chithandizo kwa mabizinesi am'deralo omwe akufalikira kutsidya lanyanja. Ndondomekoyi imalimbikitsa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse kudzera m'mabizinesi kapena maubwenzi omwe angathandize kulimbikitsa kutumiza kunja. Komabe, pali zovuta zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa musanazindikire bwino lomwe kuthekera kwa malonda akunja kwa Russia. Kupititsa patsogolo kulumikizana kwa zomangamanga m'dzikolo kungathandize kuti katundu ayende bwino pamtunda wautali. Kupititsa patsogolo kuwonekera komanso kuchepetsa utsogoleri pazamalonda kungakopenso osunga ndalama akunja. Pomaliza, poganizira chuma chake chochuluka, magawo osiyanasiyana opangira zinthu, malo abwino, njira zoyendetsera boma, komanso kuyesetsa mosalekeza pakukonza zomangamanga, zikuwonekeratu kuti Russia ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kosagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga msika wake wamalonda wakunja,. Ndi kusintha koyenera komanso mfundo zokomera mabizinesi, Russia ikhoza kukopa mabwenzi ambiri apadziko lonse lapansi omwe amathandizira pakukula kwachuma kudzera pakuwonjezeka kwa katundu wakunja.

Pankhani yosankha ogulitsa malonda akunja ku Russia, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira. Pokhala ndi anthu opitilira 144 miliyoni, Russia ikupereka msika waukulu wokhala ndi zokonda ndi zofuna zosiyanasiyana. Nawa maupangiri amomwe mungasankhire zinthu zoyenera kuti zitumizidwe bwino: 1. Fufuzani momwe ogula amachitira: Yambani ndikuchita kafukufuku wamsika wokhudzana ndi zomwe ogula aku Russia amakonda komanso momwe amagulira. Dziwani magulu otchuka azinthu, zomwe zikubwera, ndi moyo zomwe zingakutsogolereni pakusankha kwanu. 2. Ganizirani za malamulo a m'dera lanu: Dziŵani bwino malamulo a ku Russia oitanitsa katundu, kuphatikizapo miyezo ya malonda, ziphaso, zofunikira zolembera, ndi ntchito zoitanitsa kunja. Kutsatira malamulowa ndikofunikira kuti mutsimikizire kulowa bwino pamsika waku Russia. 3. Yang'anani pa khalidwe: Ogula aku Russia amayamikira zinthu zabwino zomwe zimapereka kulimba ndi kudalirika pamitengo yabwino. Onetsetsani kuti zinthu zomwe mumasankha zikugwirizana ndi miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri chifukwa izi zidzakweza mbiri ya mtundu wanu pakati pa ogula. 4. Zoyenerana ndi zosowa zakomweko: Mvetserani zosowa zapadera za ogula aku Russia ndikusintha zomwe mwasankha moyenerera. Ganizirani zinthu monga nyengo (monga zovala zotentha kumadera ozizira), zokonda zachikhalidwe (monga zaluso zachikale kapena zakudya), kapena zofuna zinazake (monga zokondera zachilengedwe kapena zinthu zachilengedwe). 5. Gwiritsani ntchito nsanja za e-commerce: Makampani opanga ma e-commerce awona kukula kwakukulu ku Russia zaka zaposachedwa; choncho, ganizirani kuyanjana ndi nsanja zodziwika bwino pa intaneti monga Yandex.Market kapena AliExpress Russia kuti mufikire makasitomala ambiri. 6.Tchuthi lachi Russia: Gwiritsani ntchito mwayi wa nyengo zazikulu zogula zinthu monga Eve wa Chaka Chatsopano (December 31st) ndi Tsiku la Akazi Padziko Lonse (March 8th). Matchuthi amenewa amapereka ndalama zambiri kwa ogula ndipo amapereka mwayi wowonjezera malonda. 7.Utumiki wabwino kwambiri wamakasitomala: Onetsetsani kuti kasitomala amapeza zabwino zonse pabizinesi yanu yonse ku Russia - kuchokera pakuthandizira kugulitsa kale mpaka kusamalidwa pambuyo pogulitsa - chifukwa izi zidzalimbikitsa kukhulupirika kwamakasitomala ndikukhazikitsa mawu abwino pamsika. Kumbukirani kuti kuchita bwino mumsika uliwonse wakunja kumafuna kuphatikiza kafukufuku wakhama, kusinthika, ndi kudzipereka kukwaniritsa zofuna za ogula. Poyang'ana kumvetsetsa msika waku Russia ndikusintha zomwe mwasankha moyenera, mutha kuwonjezera mwayi wanu wochita bwino pantchito yopindulitsa yamalonda akunja ku Russia.

Makhalidwe a Makasitomala ku Russia: 1. Zokhudza maubwenzi: Makasitomala aku Russia amayamikira maubwenzi aumwini ndi kukhulupirirana pochita bizinesi. Kupanga ubale wolimba ndi makasitomala ndikofunikira kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. 2. Mwachizoloŵezi: Anthu aku Russia amaika zofunikira pamwambo, makamaka akamakumana koyamba. Ndichizoloŵezi choyankhulira makasitomala pogwiritsa ntchito mutu wawo ndi dzina lawo lomaliza, pokhapokha atauzidwa mwanjira ina. 3. Kusamala nthawi: Kusunga nthawi kumakhala kofunika kwambiri m'chikhalidwe cha bizinesi cha ku Russia, ndipo kuchedwa kapena kuchedwa kungaonedwe molakwika ndi makasitomala. Ndikoyenera kufika pa nthawi ya misonkhano ndikutsatira masiku omalizira. 4. Njira yolankhulirana: Anthu a ku Russia amayamikira kulankhulana kwachindunji popanda kumenyana ndi tchire. Amakonda kulunjika ndi kuwona mtima pazokambirana kapena kukambirana. 5. Kugwirizana mwatsatanetsatane: Kusamala mwatsatanetsatane kumatenga gawo lalikulu pazokonda za makasitomala aku Russia popeza amakonda kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane mbali zonse zamalonda asanachite. 6. Kutengeka kwamtengo: Ngakhale kuti khalidwe ndilofunika kwambiri, mtengo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa makasitomala ambiri aku Russia chifukwa choganizira zachuma. Makasitomala aku Russia: 1. Pewani kukambirana za ndale kapena nkhani zokangana pokhapokha ngati zaperekedwa ndi kasitomala mwiniwakeyo. 2. Pewani kulankhula zonyoza za Russia kapena chikhalidwe chake, chifukwa zingakhumudwitse makasitomala. 3. Osapeputsa kufunika kwa maubwenzi apamtima; kunyalanyaza zoyesayesa zomanga ubale zitha kulepheretsa mwayi wamabizinesi ndi makasitomala aku Russia. 4. Mphatso zimayamikiridwa koma ziyenera kuperekedwa moyenera; pewani mphatso mopambanitsa zomwe zingaoneke ngati ziphuphu kapena kuzembetsa anthu chifukwa nkhani za katangale zili m'magulu ena a dziko la Russia. 5. Khalani osamala popanga malonjezo omwe sangathe kukwaniritsidwa mwachangu kapena molondola popeza kudalirana ndikofunikira kwambiri pakati pa makasitomala aku Russia. Zindikirani: Makhalidwe a kasitomala awa ndi zotsutsana ndi zomwe zimatengera chikhalidwe chawo koma sizingagwire ntchito mofanana kwa munthu aliyense ku Russia chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa madera ndi kusiyana kwa anthu.

Dongosolo loyang'anira kasamalidwe ku Russia ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera malire a dzikoli ndi njira zachitetezo. Nawa mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe muyenera kuzimvetsetsa za malamulo ndi machitidwe aku Russia. Choyamba, alendo onse omwe amalowa kapena akutuluka ku Russia ayenera kulengeza zinthu zilizonse zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimadutsa malire ena. Izi zikuphatikizapo ndalama, zodzikongoletsera, zamagetsi, kapena zinthu zina zamtengo wapatali. Kulephera kulengeza bwino kungayambitse zilango ndi kulandidwa kwa zinthu zomwe sizinatchulidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina ndizoletsedwa kapena zoletsedwa kutumizidwa kapena kutumizidwa kuchokera ku Russia. Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala oledzeretsa, zida, mitundu ina ya zakudya, ndi zinthu zakale za chikhalidwe. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti apaulendo ayang'ane mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa asanalowe kapena kutuluka m'dzikolo. Popita ku Russia ndi mankhwala olembedwa, ndi bwino kunyamula mankhwala olembedwa kuchokera kwa dokotala monga umboni wovomerezeka wogwiritsa ntchito payekha. Akafika ku eyapoti yaku Russia kapena kumalire amtunda, okwera adzadutsa muulamuliro wa pasipoti ndi kuyendera miyambo. Oyang'anira kasitomu amatha kuyang'ana katundu ndi katundu wawo mwachisawawa pazinthu zakunja. Ndikofunika kugwirizana ndi akuluakulu ngati asankhidwa kuti awonedwenso. Oyenda akuyenera kuonetsetsa kuti alemba zikalata zofunika monga mafomu osamukira kudziko lina ndi mafomu olengezetsa zachikhalidwe chawo molondola komanso moona mtima asanafike ku Russia. Mafomuwa amasiyana malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili monga cholinga komanso nthawi yokhala. Ndikofunikiranso kuti apaulendo omwe akuchoka ku Russia asapitirire malipiro aulere omwe amakhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo aku Russia okhudzana ndi kugula komwe kumachitika mdzikolo. Pomaliza, kuyenda pamiyambo yaku Russia kumafuna kutsata malamulo okhudzana ndi momwe ndalama zingakhalire, zoletsa zoletsa, kumaliza zolemba zofunikira molunjika pasadakhale pokonzekera zowunikira mukafika / ponyamuka pama eyapoti kapena kumalire amtunda.

Dziko la Russia lakhazikitsa ndondomeko ya msonkho pa katundu wotumizidwa kunja pofuna kuteteza mafakitale ake apakhomo komanso kulimbikitsa ntchito zapakhomo. Dzikoli limaika ndalama zogulira zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kunja, zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi mtengo wa chinthucho. Katundu wotumizidwa ku Russia amayenera kulipira msonkho wakunja, VAT (Msonkho Wowonjezera Mtengo), ndi msonkho wa katundu. Misonkho ya kasitomu imaperekedwa kutengera mtengo wazinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa komanso kagawidwe kawo malinga ndi Russian Classification for Foreign Economic Activities (TN VED). Mitengoyi imatha kuchoka pa 0% mpaka mazana angapo pa zana, ngakhale kuti zinthu zambiri zimakhala ndi msonkho wapakati pa 5% ndi 30%. Izi zimathandiza kuwongolera katundu wakunja popangitsa kuti zinthu zakunja zikhale zodula poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimapangidwa mdziko muno. Kuphatikiza pa msonkho wapatundu, zinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja zimayeneranso kutsika mtengo wa VAT wa 20%. Komabe, zinthu zina zofunika monga zakudya, zida zaulimi, mankhwala, mabuku ophunzirira, ndi zina zotere, zitha kuchepetsedwa kapena kutsitsa VAT. Kuonjezera apo, msonkho wa katundu ukhozanso kuperekedwa pamagulu apadera a katundu wochokera kunja monga mowa ndi fodya. Misonkho imeneyi cholinga chake ndi kuletsa anthu kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso pamene akupereka ndalama kuboma. Ndikofunikira kuti otumiza kunja ku Russia atsatire malamulo onse okhudzana ndi kagawidwe ka ma code a tariff ndi zofunikira zolembedwa. Kusatsatira kungayambitse kuchedwa kwa chilolezo cha kasitomu kapena zilango. Ponseponse, mfundo zamisonkho za ku Russia zomwe zimachokera kunja zimayang'ana kuteteza mafakitale apakhomo popanga zinthu zakunja kukhala zodula kwambiri pomwe zimatulutsa ndalama kudzera pamisonkho ndi misonkho. Njirazi zimalimbikitsa kupanga m'deralo ndikuthandizira kukula kwachuma cha dziko.

Russia ndi dziko lalikulu lomwe lili ndi chuma chosiyanasiyana, ndipo ndondomeko yake yamisonkho yotumiza kunja imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa ubale wamalonda wapadziko lonse lapansi. Boma la Russia limakhometsa misonkho yogulitsa kunja kwa katundu wosiyanasiyana kuti ayendetse misika yapakhomo, kulimbikitsa mafakitale akumaloko, komanso kuti boma lipeze ndalama. Misonkho yotumiza kunja ku Russia imayang'ana kwambiri zinthu monga mafuta, gasi, zitsulo, ndi zinthu zaulimi. Zinthu izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pachuma cha Russia ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayimira gawo lalikulu la ndalama zomwe zimagulitsidwa kunja. Boma limayambitsa ndikusintha misonkhoyi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti igwirizane ndi zokonda zachuma ndi kufunikira kothandizira msika wapakhomo. Misonkho yomwe imaperekedwa kwa katundu wotumizidwa kunja imasiyana malinga ndi malonda enieni. Mwachitsanzo, kugulitsa mafuta kunja kuli ndi ntchito yotumiza kunja yomwe imasinthasintha malinga ndi mitengo yamafuta padziko lonse lapansi. Mofananamo, gasi wachilengedwe ali ndi msonkho wake womwe umafuna phindu komanso mpikisano m'misika yapadziko lonse. Zitsulo monga chitsulo, aluminiyamu, mkuwa, faifi tambala amakumananso ndi misonkho yotumiza kunja. Ndalamazi zimawonetsetsa kuti zinthu zopangidwa ku Russia zimalowa m'malo opangira zinthu zapakhomo pamitengo yabwino komanso kulimbikitsa ntchito zomwe zimawonjezera phindu m'dzikolo. Zogulitsa zaulimi ndi gulu linanso lofunikira lomwe limapereka msonkho wakunja ku Russia. Misonkho ingasiyane kutengera zinthu monga nkhawa za chakudya kapena kuyesetsa kulimbikitsa kukula kwamakampani azaulimi pochepetsa mpikisano wakunja. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale misonkhoyi imatha kubweretsa ndalama zambiri ku boma la Russia, imatha kukhudzanso mitengo yazinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kusintha kwamalonda ndi mayiko ena omwe amadalira chuma cha Russia. M'zaka zaposachedwa, pakhala kukambirana mosalekeza za kusintha komwe kungachitike pamitengo yamisonkho yaku Russia yotumiza kunja monga gawo la zoyesayesa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazachuma kapena kuyankha pazifukwa zandale zomwe zikuyambitsa kusintha kwa malonda padziko lonse lapansi. Ndikoyenera kuti mabizinesi omwe akuchita nawo malonda apadziko lonse ndi Russia azikhala osinthika pazomwe zikuchitika kapena kusintha kwa mfundo zamisonkhozi kuti akonzekere bwino njira zawo zotumizira kunja.

Russia, monga osewera kwambiri pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, ili ndi njira zingapo zoperekera ziphaso zogulitsa kunja kuti zitsimikizire mtundu ndi chitetezo cha zinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja. Ziphaso izi zimathandizira kukulitsa chidaliro pakati pa ogulitsa kunja ndikuwongolera malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambira kutumiza kunja ku Russia ndi satifiketi ya GOST-R (Gosudarstvenny Standart). Ndizovomerezeka pazinthu zambiri zotumizidwa kuchokera ku Russia ndipo zikuwonetsa kutsata miyezo yapamwamba yaku Russia. Chitsimikizochi chimakhudza magawo osiyanasiyana monga makina, zamagetsi, mankhwala, kukonza chakudya, ndi zina. Pazinthu zaulimi zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja, Satifiketi ya Phytosanitary ndiyofunikira. Satifiketi iyi imatsimikizira kuti mbewu kapena mbewu zawunikiridwa ndipo zilibe tizirombo kapena matenda zisanatumizidwe kumayiko ena. Imatsimikizira kutsata miyezo yapadziko lonse ya phytosanitary yokhazikitsidwa ndi mabungwe monga International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). Kuphatikiza pa ziphaso zapadera za gawoli, Russia ikufunanso ogulitsa kunja kuti apeze Satifiketi Yogwirizana (CoC) kapena Declaration of Conformity (DoC). CoC ikuwonetsa kuti katundu amakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo kapena miyezo yadziko lonse yokhazikitsidwa ndi Rosstandart (Federal Agency on Technical Regulating and Metrology). Pakadali pano, DoC imagwira ntchito ngati umboni kuti katundu amatsatira malamulo ena koma osafuna kuyezetsa ma labotale. Chitsimikizo china chofunikira chotumizira kunja ku Russia ndi ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System Certification. Ngakhale kuti siwokakamiza mabizinesi onse, muyezo wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi ukuwonetsa kudzipereka kwa kampani pakupanga zinthu zapamwamba nthawi zonse. Ndikofunikira kuti otumiza kunja aku Russia adziwe zofunikira za certification asanachite nawo malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti chidulechi chimapereka chidule cha ziphaso zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja ku Russia; magulu enaake azinthu angafunike zolembedwa zowonjezera kutengera mtundu wawo komanso malamulo amayiko omwe akupita. Ponseponse, kupeza ziphaso zoyenera zotumizira kunja kumatsimikizira ogula padziko lonse lapansi za kudzipereka kwa Russia pakutumiza zinthu zabwino kunja kwinaku akutsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi.

Russia, dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, limadziwika chifukwa cha malo ake akulu komanso mbiri yakale. Ngati mukusowa ntchito zodalirika zogwirira ntchito ku Russia, nazi malingaliro ena omwe muyenera kuwaganizira. 1. Russian Post: Utumiki wa positi wa dziko la Russia, Russian Post imapereka njira zambiri zotumizira kunja ndi kunja. Pokhala ndi nthambi za m’dziko lonselo, limapereka njira yabwino ndiponso yotsika mtengo yotumizira makalata, zikalata, ndi timaphukusi tating’ono. 2. DHL: Monga m'modzi mwa otsogola padziko lonse lapansi, DHL imagwira ntchito kwambiri ku Russia ndikupereka chithandizo chodalirika choperekera zinthu. Ndi ukadaulo wawo pakutumiza kwapadziko lonse lapansi komanso mgwirizano ndi onyamula am'deralo, DHL imawonetsetsa kuti kutumiza mwachangu komanso koyenera ku Russia konse. 3. Pony Express: Kampani yodziwika bwino yotumizira makalata yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino m'nyumba mwa Russia. Pony Express imapereka ntchito za khomo ndi khomo ndi njira zingapo zobweretsera kuphatikiza tsiku lomwelo kapena tsiku lotsatira kutengera kufulumira kwa kutumiza kwanu. 4. RZD Logistics: Ponyamula katundu wambiri kapena zotengera mkati mwa Russia kapena kumayiko oyandikana nawo monga China kapena Europe, RZD Logistics ndi chisankho choyenera. Amapereka njira zothetsera katundu wa njanji ndi ntchito zophatikizira zololeza mayendedwe kuti ziyende bwino. 5. CDEK: Monga kampani yophatikizika yopangira zinthu zomwe zikugwira ntchito kudera lonse la Eurasia kuphatikiza Russia, CDEK imapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito monga njira zosungiramo zinthu, njira zoperekera zinthu zomaliza kuphatikiza kukwaniritsidwa kwa malonda a e-commerce ndi maloko a phukusi. 6. AsstrA Associated Traffic AG: Ngati mukufuna njira zapadera zamayendedwe monga zonyamula katundu mopitilira muyeso kapena kunyamula katundu mkati mwa Russia kapena kupitilira malire ake kupita ku Europe kapena Asia, ganizirani kulemba ntchito yotumiza katundu ya AsstrA Associated Traffic AG. 7. HeyHeyExpress (AKA Ruston): Malo otchuka a pa intaneti omwe amagwirizanitsa anthu omwe amafunika kutumiza phukusi ndi apaulendo omwe ali ndi malo owonjezera katundu omwe amapezeka paulendo wawo wopita ku / kuchokera kumizinda yosiyanasiyana ku Russia. Malingaliro awa amapereka zosankha zosiyanasiyana kutengera zosowa zanu zaku Russia. Nthawi zonse ganizirani zinthu monga kukula ndi mtundu wa katundu wanu, bajeti, ndi nthawi yobweretsera posankha wothandizira katundu.

Zowonetsa zamalonda zofunika

Russia ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi njira zambiri zogulira zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso ziwonetsero zamalonda. Mapulatifomuwa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kukopa ogula padziko lonse lapansi komanso kulimbikitsa zinthu zaku Russia ndi mafakitale kumsika wapadziko lonse lapansi. Nawa ena mwa odziwika: 1. Moscow International Trade Fair: Chiwonetsero cha Zamalonda Padziko Lonse cha Moscow, chomwe chimatchedwanso YugAgro, ndi chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero zazikulu kwambiri zaulimi ku Russia. Imakhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana abizinesi yaulimi, kuphatikiza makina, zida, zoweta nyama, kupanga mbewu, ndi kukonza chakudya. Chiwonetsero chamalondachi chimapereka mwayi wabwino kwambiri kwa ogula apadziko lonse lapansi kuti afufuze zaulimi waku Russia ndikukhazikitsa mgwirizano. 2. St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF): Msonkhano wapachaka wa St. Petersburg International Economic Forum ndi msonkhano wapachaka womwe umakhala ngati nsanja kwa atsogoleri amalonda ochokera padziko lonse lapansi kuti akambirane nkhani zazikulu zachuma zomwe Russia ndi mayiko ena akukumana nazo. Imakopa akuluakulu aboma, ma CEO amakampani akuluakulu, ndi nthumwi zochokera m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza mphamvu, zachuma, ukadaulo, kupanga ndi zina zambiri, kupereka mwayi wolumikizana ndi ma network ndikuwunika ma projekiti omwe angachitike. 3. Innoprom: Innoprom ndi chiwonetsero chazamalonda chamakampani chomwe chimachitikira ku Yekaterinburg chomwe chimayang'ana kwambiri kuwonetsa umisiri wamakono m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga kumanga makina, zothetsera mphamvu zamagetsi, ma robotiki ndi zina, Kukopa alendo ochokera kumayiko ena omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi ukatswiri waku Russia m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. 4. WorldFood Moscow: WorldFood Moscow ndi imodzi mwa ziwonetsero zotsogola zamakampani azakudya ku Russia komwe opanga mayiko amapereka zinthu zawo limodzi ndi makampani apadziko lonse lapansi omwe akuwonetsa zakudya zochokera padziko lonse lapansi zomwe zikuyimira magawo onse: golosale & zokhwasula-khwasula; confectionery; kuphika buledi; tiyi & khofi; makampani zakumwa zoledzeretsa etc., Chionetsero ichi akutumikira monga nsanja zofunika makampani zoweta kugwirizana ndi ogula mayiko chidwi mankhwala Russian chakudya. 5.Mapulatifomu a E-commerce a Cross-Border: Russia yawona kukula kwakukulu pamapulatifomu amalonda odutsa malire monga AliExpress Russia (mgwirizano wapakati pa Alibaba Gulu & Mail.ru Gulu), womwe umathandizira ogulitsa aku China kupeza msika waku Russia bwino. Njira ina yotchuka yodutsa malire yomwe imagwira ntchito ku Russia ndi Wildberries, malo ogulitsira pa intaneti aku Russia omwe amapereka katundu wambiri kuchokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana. 6. Dongosolo Lolowetsa: Monga gawo la pulogalamu yolowa m'malo, Russia yakhala ikukulitsa chidwi chake pazopanga zapakhomo kuti zilowe m'malo mwazinthu zobwera kunja. Boma lidakhazikitsa njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira opanga zinthu m'derali, kuphatikizapo kuchotsera misonkho ndi ndalama zothandizira. Izi zimapatsa mwayi makampani apadziko lonse lapansi kuti agwirizane ndi opanga kapena ogulitsa aku Russia. Mwachidule, Russia imapereka njira zambiri zogulira zinthu padziko lonse lapansi ndi ziwonetsero zamalonda monga Moscow International Trade Fair (YugAgro), St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF), Innoprom, Chiwonetsero cha WorldFood Moscow etc. kulumikizana ndi mafakitale aku Russia pomwe akupereka mwayi kwa makampani aku Russia kuti awonjezere kufikira kwawo pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Makina osakira wamba

Ku Russia, pali makina osakira angapo otchuka omwe anthu amawagwiritsa ntchito kusakatula intaneti ndikupeza zambiri. Makina osakira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Russia ndi awa: 1. Yandex - Yandex ndi injini yosaka kwambiri komanso yotchuka kwambiri ku Russia. Imapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kusaka pa intaneti, mamapu, nkhani, zithunzi, makanema, ndi zina zambiri. Webusaiti ya Yandex ndi: www.yandex.ru. 2. Google - Ngakhale Google ndi chimphona chofufuzira padziko lonse lapansi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, imakhalanso ndi kupezeka kwakukulu pamsika waku Russia. Anthu aku Russia ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito Google pazotsatira zake zolondola komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga Gmail ndi YouTube. Tsamba la Google Russia ndi: www.google.ru. 3. Mail.ru - Ngakhale imadziwika kuti ndi yopereka maimelo, Mail.ru imaperekanso makina ake osakira otchedwa Mail.ru Search (omwe poyamba ankadziwika kuti Webalta). Imapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zofananira komanso ntchito zina monga zosintha zanyengo komanso zolosera zanyengo. Mutha kupeza Search Mail.ru pa: www.search.mail.ru. 4. Rambler - Rambler ndi intaneti ina yodziwika bwino ya ku Russia yomwe imakhala ndi injini yake yofufuzira yotchedwa Rambler Search (yomwe poyamba inkadziwika kuti Rambler Top 100). Kupatula kupereka ukonde kufufuza magwiridwe, Rambler amaperekanso ntchito imelo, zosintha nkhani, akukhamukira nyimbo utumiki, zolosera nyengo, etc. Mukhoza kukaona Rambler Search pa: www.rambler.ru. 5. Bing - Ngakhale kuti siinachuluke kwambiri ngati zomwe tatchulazi potchuka pakati pa anthu aku Russia, Bing ikadali ndi anthu ena ogwiritsa ntchito mdziko muno chifukwa cholozera kwambiri zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi pamodzi ndi zida zapadziko lonse lapansi zoperekedwa ndi Microsoft makamaka zopangidwira ogwiritsa ntchito aku Russia pa bing. com/?cc=ru Awa ndi ena mwa injini zosakira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Russia ndi masamba awo omwe tawatchula pamwambapa.

Masamba akulu achikasu

Russia ndi dziko lalikulu lomwe lili ndi mabizinesi osiyanasiyana ndi ntchito zomwe zimapezeka kwa okhalamo ndi alendo. Nawu mndandanda wamasamba odziwika achikasu omwe angakuthandizeni kudziwa zambiri zamakampani osiyanasiyana ku Russia: 1. Yandex: Makina osakira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Russia, Yandex imapereka bukhu lazamalonda lomwe limatchedwa "Yandex.Pages." Imakhala ndi ma adilesi, ma adilesi, ndi ndemanga zamabizinesi m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Webusayiti: masamba.yandex.ru 2. 2GIS: Ntchito yodziwika bwino yojambula mamapu ku Russia, 2GIS ilinso ndi chikwatu chamasamba achikasu chomwe chimakhala ndi mizinda yambiri mdziko lonse. Mutha kupeza zambiri zamabizinesi am'deralo, kuphatikiza zolumikizirana, maola ogwira ntchito, ndi mavoti a ogwiritsa ntchito patsamba lawo. Webusayiti: 2gis.ru 3. Yellow Pages Russia (YP.RU): Webusaitiyi ikuyang'ana kwambiri kulumikiza ogwiritsa ntchito ndi makampani am'deralo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga zachipatala, zomangamanga, ntchito zochereza alendo, ndi zina zotero, kudzera mu bukhu lake lamasamba achikasu. Webusayiti: yp.ru 4. Moscow InfoYellowPages: Monga momwe dzinali likusonyezera, nsanjayi imaperekedwa kuti ipereke zambiri zokhudza makampani omwe ali ku Moscow makamaka. Imakhala ndi nkhokwe yamabizinesi omwe amasakidwa m'magulu amakampani komanso zambiri zolumikizana nawo ndi zina zofunika. Webusayiti: mosyello.com 5. RUweb Yellow Pages (Catalog.web100.com): Bukhu lapaintanetili lili ndi magulu angapo amakampani aku Russia opangidwa ndi gulu komanso malo kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza zomwe akufuna mwachangu. Chonde dziwani kuti ngakhale awa ndi masamba achikasu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Russia, patha kukhala enanso kutengera komwe muli kapena mzinda womwe muli m'dzikolo.

Mapulatifomu akuluakulu azamalonda

Russia ndi dziko lalikulu lomwe lili ndi msika womwe ukukula mwachangu wa e-commerce. Nawa ena mwa nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce ku Russia limodzi ndi masamba awo: 1. Zipatso zakutchire (https://www.wildberries.ru/) - Zipatso zakutchire ndi imodzi mwa nsanja zazikulu kwambiri za e-commerce ku Russia ndipo zimapereka zinthu zambiri kuphatikizapo zovala, zamagetsi, kukongola, katundu wapakhomo, ndi zina. 2. Ozon (https://www.ozon.ru/) - Ozon ndi msika wina wotchuka wapaintaneti ku Russia womwe umagulitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mabuku, zamagetsi, zinthu zapakhomo, zida zamafashoni, ndi zina zambiri. 3. AliExpress Russia (https://aliexpress.ru/) - AliExpress yapeza kutchuka kwakukulu ku Russia chifukwa cha kusankha kwakukulu kwa zinthu zotsika mtengo kuchokera kwa ogulitsa aku China. 4. Yandex.Market (https://market.yandex.ru/) - Yandex.Market ndi msika wapaintaneti womwe uli ndi chimphona chachikulu chakusaka ku Russia Yandex. Imakhala ndi ogulitsa ambiri omwe amapereka magulu osiyanasiyana monga zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi, katundu wakunyumba, ndi zina zambiri. 5. Lamoda (https://www.lamoda.ru/) - Lamoda imagwira ntchito popereka zinthu zamafashoni kuphatikiza zovala za amuna ndi akazi, nsapato, zida zochokera kumitundu yakunyumba komanso yakunja. 6. Beru yolembedwa ndi Yandex (https://beru.ru/) - Beru ndi msika wapaintaneti wa Yandex womwe umayang'ana kwambiri kugulitsa zinthu kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika aku Russia m'magulu osiyanasiyana monga zamagetsi, golosale ndi zina. 7. Mvideo (https://www.mvideo.ru/) - Mvideo ndi nsanja yotchuka yomwe imagwira ntchito pogulitsa zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi monga mafoni a m'manja, makompyuta mapiritsi zida zida zamasewera masewera etc 8 .Rozetka( https://rozetka.ua) -- Rozetka imagwira ntchito makamaka pazida zamagetsi zomwe zimakhala ndi katundu wambiri kuphatikiza ma laputopu , zida zam'manja , zida zam'nyumba ndi zina zambiri. 9 .Citilink ( https:/citilink.ru) - CitiLink imayang'ana kwambiri zida zapakhomo, zida, makompyuta ndi zamagetsi Izi ndi zitsanzo zochepa chabe za nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce ku Russia. Palinso nsanja zina zing'onozing'ono komanso kusungirako zinthu zina monga kutumiza chakudya (Delivery Club), kusungitsa mahotelo (Booking.com), maulendo oyendayenda (OneTwoTrip), ndi zina. Nthawi zonse zimakhala bwino kuti mufufuze musanagule poyerekezera mitengo, kuwerenga ndemanga, ndikuyang'ana mbiri ya ogulitsa pamapulatifomu awa.

Major social media nsanja

Russia ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi malo osiyanasiyana ochezera a pa Intaneti omwe amasamalira anthu ake osiyanasiyana. Nawa ena mwamasamba otchuka ochezera ku Russia limodzi ndi masamba awo: 1. VKontakte (VK) - amadziwikanso kuti "Russian Facebook," VKontakte ndi imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu ochezera a pa Intaneti ku Russia. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupanga mbiri, kulumikizana ndi abwenzi, kujowina madera, kugawana zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndikusewera masewera a pa intaneti. Webusayiti: vk.com 2. Odnoklassniki - Pulatifomu iyi imayang'ana kwambiri kulumikizanso anzanu akusukulu ndi anzanu akale. Ogwiritsa ntchito atha kupeza ndikulankhulana ndi anthu ochokera kusukulu ndi mayunivesite awo, kulowa nawo m'magulu amaphunziro, kusewera masewera, ndikugawana zithunzi/mavidiyo. Webusayiti: ok.ru 3. Dziko Langa (Moy Mir) - Moyendetsedwa ndi Mail.ru Group, My World imaphatikiza mabulogu ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupeza zinthu zosangalatsa zomwe amagwirizana ndi zomwe amakonda kapena kupanga mabulogu awo kuti agawane malingaliro / malingaliro pagulu kapena mwachinsinsi maukonde a abwenzi. Webusayiti: my.mail.ru 4. Telegalamu - Monga nsanja yotumizirana mameseji yopangidwa ndi wochita bizinesi waku Russia Pavel Durov, Telegalamu imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kutumiza mauthenga, kuyimba mawu, mafayilo amtundu wa multimedia okhala ndi encryption yomaliza mpaka kumapeto kuti zinsinsi ziwonjezeke. Webusayiti: telegram.org 5. Instagram - Ngakhale osati ku Russia kokha monga nsanja zina pamndandandawu koma zodziwika kwambiri pakati pa anthu aku Russia; ndi nsanja yogawana zithunzi ndi makanema pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amalemba zomwe zitha kuwululidwa kapena kugawidwa pakati pa otsatira awo okha. Webusayiti: instagram.com

Mgwirizano waukulu wamakampani

Russia ili ndi mabungwe angapo akuluakulu ogulitsa omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pachuma cha dzikolo. Nawa ena mwa iwo limodzi ndi ma adilesi awo awebusayiti: 1. Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP) Webusayiti: https://www.rspp.ru/en/ 2. Association of Russian Banks (ARB) Webusayiti: https://arb.ru/en/home 3. Association of Automobile Manufacturers (OAR) Webusayiti: http://oar-info.com/ 4. Russian Union of Chemists (RUC) Webusayiti: http://ruc-union.org/ 5. Association of Gasi Producers and Exporters (AGPE) Webusayiti: http://www.harvest-season.ru/international/about-eng#plans 6. Federation of Restaurateurs and Hoteliers Webusayiti: https://fbrussia.ru/?lang=en 7. Association of Television and Radio Broadcasters Webusayiti: http://aabbrt.org/?lang=en 8. Gulu la Russia Logawa Mafilimu Webusayiti: https://kino.kit.ru/eng/guild-rus.php 9.Russian Union of Flour Mills & Groats Plants(RUFMGP) Webusayiti:http//rufmgp.su 10. Mamembala a Zone Okonzekera ku Russia(ROZSPOZHIVETERS UNION) Webusayiti:http//rozsplur-union.strtersite.com Mabungwewa amakhudza magawo osiyanasiyana monga mafakitale, mabanki, kupanga magalimoto, mankhwala, kupanga gasi, kuchereza alendo, kuwulutsa kwapawailesi, kugawa mafilimu, kukonza chakudya (ie, RUFMGP), ndi katundu wogula (mwachitsanzo, ROZSPOZHIVETERS UNION). Chonde dziwani kuti zomwe zaperekedwa ndi zolondola panthawi yolemba yankholi koma nthawi zonse tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziyendera mawebusayiti awo kuti mumve zosintha zaposachedwa pamayanjano amakampaniwa.

Mawebusayiti a bizinesi ndi malonda

Nawa ena mwamasamba azachuma ndi malonda ku Russia limodzi ndi ma URL awo: 1. Unduna wa Zachitukuko Zachuma ku Russian Federation - Webusayiti yovomerezekayi imapereka chidziwitso cha mfundo za boma, malamulo, mwayi wopeza ndalama, komanso zizindikiro zachuma. Webusayiti: http://economy.gov.ru/eng 2. Russian Direct Investment Fund - Fund yodziyimira payokhayi imalimbikitsa ndalama zachindunji m'ma projekiti aku Russia m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Imakupatsirani zambiri pamipata yoyika ndalama, kusaka kwa anzanu, ndi zosintha zaposachedwa. Webusayiti: https://rdif.ru/Eng_Index/ 3. Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation - Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation - Chipindacho chikuyimira zofuna zamabizinesi ku Russia ndipo chimathandizira ntchito zamalonda popereka ziphaso, thandizo lazamalamulo, malipoti ofufuza zamsika, ndi zochitika zapaintaneti. Webusayiti: https://tpprf.ru/en/home 4. Invest in Russia - Tsambali limagwira ntchito ngati malo amodzi kwa osunga ndalama akunja omwe akufuna kufufuza mwayi wamabizinesi ku Russia. Limapereka zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi gawo, maphunziro a zochitika, maupangiri oyika ndalama, ndi zosintha zamalamulo ndi zolimbikitsa. Webusayiti: https://investinrussia.com/ 5. FAS Russia (Federal Antimonopoly Service) - FAS imatsimikizira mpikisano m'misika mwa kuwongolera machitidwe oletsa omwe angalepheretse malonda achilungamo kapena kuwononga zofuna za ogula pachuma cha Russia. Webusayiti: http://en.fas.gov.ru/ 6. Banki Yaikulu ya Russia - Webusaiti yovomerezeka imapereka zidziwitso za mfundo zandalama zomwe banki yayikulu idatengera komanso ziwerengero zazikulu zandalama zokhudzana ndi chiwongola dzanja, kutsika kwamitengo yosinthira ndalama ndi zina. Webusayiti: https://www.cbr.ru/eng/ 7.Export.gov/Russia – Yopangidwa ndi U.S Commerce Service (USCS), tsamba ili limathandizira kutumiza kunja kuchokera kumakampani aku America kupita ku Russia popereka malipoti amsika okhudzana ndi makampani, maupangiri a upangiri komanso tsatanetsatane wa mabwenzi akomweko. Webusayiti: http://www.export.gov/russia/index.asp

Mawebusayiti amafunso amalonda

Pali mawebusayiti angapo azamalonda omwe amapezeka kuti afunse zambiri zamalonda aku Russia. Nazi zitsanzo pamodzi ndi ma adilesi awo a webusayiti: 1. Federal Customs Service of Russia: Iyi ndi webusaiti yovomerezeka ya dipatimenti ya kasitomu ku Russia. Limapereka chidziŵitso chatsatanetsatane chokhudza katundu wochokera kunja, kutumizidwa kunja, ndi ziŵerengero za kasitomu. Webusayiti: http://www.customs.ru/en/ 2. Mapu Amalonda: Yopangidwa ndi International Trade Center (ITC), nsanja iyi imapereka ziwerengero zamalonda ndi chidziwitso cha msika ku Russia. Webusayiti: https://www.trademap.org/ 3. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): Bungwe la WIT limapereka mwayi wopeza ma database osiyanasiyana okhudza malonda a mayiko, kuphatikizapo deta yochokera ku United Nations ndi World Bank. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kufufuza deta yaku Russia apa. Webusayiti: https://wits.worldbank.org/ 4. UN Comtrade Database: Malo osungirako zinthuwa, osungidwa ndi United Nations Statistics Division, amapereka mwayi wopeza mwatsatanetsatane deta yamalonda yamalonda yomwe inanenedwa ndi mayiko oposa 200 kuphatikizapo Russia. Webusayiti: https://comtrade.un.org/ 5. Global Trade Tracker (GTT): GTT imathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza deta yapadziko lonse ya kunja-kutumiza kunja kuphatikizapo Russia komanso kupanga kusanthula makonda pogwiritsa ntchito magawo osiyanasiyana. Webusayiti: http://www.globaltradetracker.com/ 6. Export.gov Russia Country Commerce Guide: Ngakhale si tsamba lodzipereka lazamalonda, bukuli lofalitsidwa ndi U.S Department of Commerce limapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pazamalonda ku Russia ndipo likuphatikizanso ziwerengero zamalonda. Webusayiti: https://www.export.gov/russia Mawebusayitiwa akuyenera kukupatsirani zambiri zokhudzana ndi malonda aku Russia monga kutumiza kunja, kutumiza kunja, mitengo yamitengo, mayendedwe amsika, ndi zina zambiri. Chonde dziwani kuti timalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse kutsimikizira ndi kulozera zambiri kuchokera kumagwero angapo podalira ziwerengero zamalonda pazofufuza kapena bizinesi.

B2B nsanja

Ku Russia, pali nsanja zambiri zodziwika bwino za B2B zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabizinesi. Nawa ochepa mwa iwo: 1. Alibaba Russia - Pulatifomu iyi ndi kampani ya Alibaba Group ndipo imapereka ntchito zamalonda pakati pa amalonda apadziko lonse lapansi ndi mabizinesi aku Russia. Webusayiti: www.alibaba.ru 2. Zapangidwa ku Russia - Pulatifomuyi imaperekedwa ku kulimbikitsa ndi kugulitsa katundu wopangidwa ku Russia ndikuthandizira ogula apakhomo ndi akunja kupeza ogulitsa oyenera. Webusayiti: www.madeinrussia.com 3. EC21 Russia - EC21 ndi imodzi mwamisika yayikulu kwambiri yamagetsi ya B2B ku Asia, imakhalanso ku Russia, ndipo imapereka nsanja yochitira malonda ndi mgwirizano makamaka pamsika waku Russia. Webusayiti: ru.ec21.com 4. TradeWheel Russia - Padziko lonse lapansi pali amalonda ambiri ochokera m'mafakitale ndi madera osiyanasiyana olembetsedwa ndipo amawapatsa njira yolunjika yolumikizirana ndikuchita ntchito zamalonda. Webusayiti: www.tradewheel.ru 5. Export-Forum Russia - Msonkhanowu wapangidwa kuti uthandize ogulitsa kunja kuti agwirizane ndi omwe angakhale makasitomala ndikupereka malangizo, zothandizira ndi chidziwitso cholimbikitsa malonda a mayiko. Webusayiti: export-forum.ru Chonde dziwani kuti masamba omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa akuyimira ochepa chabe a nsanja zodziwika bwino za B2B, ndipo masamba ena angafunike kusaka zambiri zolondola.