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Russia, inozivikanwa zviri pamutemo seRussian Federation, ndiyo nyika hombe pasi rose nenzvimbo yepasi. Iri muEastern Europe neNorthern Asia, inodarika 17 miriyoni mativi emakiromita. Nyika inogovera miganhu nenyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzakavakidzana dzakaita seChina, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Ukraine neFinland. Russia ine huwandu hwevanhu vangangoita mamirioni 146. Moscow ndiro guta guru uye guta guru maererano nehuwandu hwevanhu. Mamwe maguta makuru anosanganisira Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk neYekaterinburg. Mutauro wepamutemo unotaurwa chiRussian. Nzvimbo yeRussia yakasiyana-siyana, inosanganisira mapani akakura, makomo (akadai seUral Mountains) uye mapani padivi penzizi dzakawanda (kusanganisira rwizi rurefu rweEurope - Volga) nemadhamu (kusanganisira Lake Baikal - dziva rakadzika pasi rose). Iyo ine zvakare yakakura mhenderekedzo yegungwa pamwe neArctic Ocean uye akati wandei makungwa kusanganisira Gungwa reBaltic. Yaizivikanwa kare nehumambo hwayo - Tsardom yeRussia ichiteverwa neSoviet Union - Russia ine hupfumi hwenhaka yetsika inosanganisira zvinyorwa (nevanyori vane mukurumbira saTolstoy), mimhanzi yechinyakare (ine vanyori vakaita saTchaikovsky) nekutamba kweballet (makambani ane mukurumbira e ballet seBolshoi Theatre. ) Nezvehupfumi, Russia ine zviwanikwa zvakakura zvinosanganisira oiri, gasi rechisikigo, marasha nesimbi dzakasiyana-siyana izvo zvinoita kuti ive imwe yevanotungamira pasi rose vagadziri muminda iyi. Uyezve, maindasitiri akaita seaerospace engineering tekinoroji inoita basa rakakosha muhupfumi hwavo. Nekudaro, Russia yakatarisanawo nemamwe matambudziko mubudiriro yayo kusanganisira kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika nedzimwe nyika dzakavakidzana, kudiwa kwekusiyana kwehupfumi kunze kwekutorwa zviwanikwa, uye zvinonetsa maererano nenyaya dzekodzero dzevanhu. Pakazere, musanganiswa weRussia wakasarudzika wejogirafi, tsika, uye nhoroondo inoita kuti ive nyika inofadza zvechokwadi ine simba guru repasi rose kunyangwe ichiramba ichichinja nguva dzese.

Russia inyika iri muEurasia uye inotenderera kuEastern Europe neNorthern Asia. Mari yepamutemo yeRussia ndiyo Russian Ruble (RUB), inofananidzirwa ne ₽. Iyo ruble yakakamurwa kuita 100 kopeks, kunyangwe izvi zvisingawanzo kushandiswa mukutengesa kwezuva nezuva. Bhanga guru reRussia, rinozivikanwa seBhangi reRussia, rinotonga mutemo wezvemari uye rinogadzirisa kutenderera kweRubles munyika. Iyo ruble yakave nekuchinja kukuru kubva pakuiswa kwayo muna 1704. Munhoroondo yose, yakawana nguva dzekukwira kwepamusoro uye kuderedzwa nekuda kwekuderera kwehupfumi uye geopolitical zviitiko. Mumakore achangopfuura, mari yekuRussia yakatarisana nematambudziko akawanda nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sezvirango zvakatemerwa nyika dzekumavirira nenyika dzekumavirira nenyaya yekunetsana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Izvi zvakakonzera kudzikira kwekukosha kweRuble maringe nehombe dzepasi rose dzakaita sedhora rekuAmerica nemaeuro. Kudzikamisa mari yayo, Russia yakaita matanho akadai sekukwidza mitengo yemubereko, kuderedza kupindira kwemari yekunze, uye kuita shanduko dzemari. Zviito izvi zvine chinangwa chekuvandudza chivimbo chevasima mari muhupfumi hweRussia uku ichideredza inflation. Pasinei nekutarisana nekusagadzikana kwehupfumi pane dzimwe nguva, kusanganisira kusagadzikana nekuda kwekuchinja-chinja kwemitengo yemafuta (sezvo kutengeswa kwemagetsi kune chikamu chakakosha muhupfumi hweRussia), kuedza kwakaitwa kusimbisa kugadzikana kwemari yayo kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana. Pakazere, seimwe mari yepasirese, shanduko mumatongerwo emari emumba pamwe chete nehupfumi hwakawanda hunokanganisa kukosha kweRuble yekuRussia kune dzimwe mari pamisika yekuchinjana kwenyika.

Mari yepamutemo yeRussia ndiyo Russian ruble (RUB). Kana zviri zvemitengo yekuchinjana nemari hombe dzepasirese, heino maitiro akaenzana (kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu 2022): 1 USD (Dhora reUnited States) = 86.5 RUB 1 EUR (Euro) = 101.4 RUB 1 GBP (British Pound) = 116.0 RUB 1 CNY (Chinese Yuan) = 13.3 RUB Tapota cherechedza kuti mitengo yekuchinjana inogona kusiyana uye zvinogara zvichikurudzirwa kuti utarise kune wakavimbika kwakabva kana sangano rezvemari kuti uwane mitengo yemazuva ano usati waita chero kutengeserana.

Russia ine mazororo akati wandei anokosha anopembererwa gore rese. Imwe yezororo rakakosha muRussia iZuva reGore Idzva, iro rinopembererwa musi waNdira 1. Inguva inofadza inoratidzirwa nemafirework, mabiko, uye kupanana zvipo. Mhemberero idzi dzinotanga musi weGoredzva vanhu vachiungana vachiona hurukuro yemutungamiri wenyika pamwe nekufara. Pakati pehusiku, kune inoshamisa firework inoratidzwa munyika yose. Rimwe zororo rakakosha muRussia iZuva Revanhukadzi Renyika Dzepasi Pose, rinocherechedzwa munaKurume 8 gore rega rega. Zuva iri rinopemberera kubudirira pamwe nekupa kwevanhukadzi munharaunda. Varume vanowanzopa maruva nezvipo zviduku kuvadikanwi vavo vechikadzi sechiratidzo chokuonga. Chivabvu 9 iZuva Rokukunda kana Zuva Rokukunda reHondo Yenyika II, kurangarira kukunda kweNazi Germany muHondo Yenyika II. Irimwe rezororo reruzhinji reRussia rakakosha kwazvo rakazadzwa nemaparadhi, mafirework, makonti, uye mhemberero dzakakomba dzinopa mutero kune varwi vehondo. Russia inopembererawo mazororo akati wandei ezvitendero akadai seIsita neKisimusi zvinoenderana netsika dzechiKristu cheOrthodox. Easter inowira pamazuva akasiyana gore negore asi inowanzoitika pakati pekupera kwaApril uye kutanga kwaMay. Vanhu vanopinda misangano yechechi, vachichinjana mazai akashongedzwa zvakanaka anozivikanwa se "pysanka," uye vanonakidzwa nekudya kwemafaro nemhuri. Pakupedzisira, Zuva reKubatana rinoitika musi waNovember 4 gore negore kuti vayeuke kusunungurwa kweMoscow kubva kuPoland occupation muna 1612. Inofananidzira kubatana kweRussia uye kusiyana-siyana kuburikidza nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvetsika semakontikiti, zviratidzo zvinoratidzira mhizha dzechinyakare, zvinyorwa zvekare pakati pevamwe. Iyi mitambo yakakosha inosimbisa tsika dzeRussia kuburikidza nezvitendero zvechitendero kana zviitiko zvenhoroondo zvakakosha pakuzivikanwa kwenyika yeRussia.

Russia ndiyo nyika hombe pasi rose, inotenderera muEurope neAsia, ine nhoroondo yakapfuma uye hupfumi hwakasiyana. Panyaya yekutengeserana, Russia inoita basa rakakosha pasi rose. Russia inozivikanwa nehukuru hwayo hwezviwanikwa, zvinosanganisira oiri, gasi, zvicherwa, uye simbi. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive mutambi akakosha mumisika yepasi rose yezvinhu. Nyika iyi ndeimwe yenyika dziri pamusoro pekutengesa oiri negasi. Kutengeswa kwemagetsi kunze kwenyika kunopa zvakanyanya kune yeRussia kutengeserana mwero. Kunze kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, Russia inotumirawo kunze zvinhu zvakasiyana sesimbi (sesimbi nealuminium), makemikari, michina nemidziyo, mota, zvigadzirwa zvekurima (kusanganisira gorosi), machira, nemaoko. Zvakadaro, kwave nekutarisa kwakasimba mukusiyanisa hupfumi hwayo kuderedza kutsamira pamari yemafuta. Russia yanga ichishingairira kugadzira hukama hwekutengeserana pakati penyika dzakawanda nenyika zhinji pasi rese. Vadyidzani vayo vakuru vekutengesa vanosanganisira China (inove mubatanidzwa wayo mukuru wekutengesa mumakore achangopfuura), Germany, Netherlands, Italy, Turkey, Belarus, neKazakhstan. Kunyange Russia ichitengesa zvinhu zvakawanda pasi rose, inopinzawo zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana semichina, midziyo, fenicha, mbatya, nemotokari.Russia inonyanya kuunza zvinhu izvi kubva kuChina, Germany, United States, italy, neSouth Korea. Zvichakadaro, hukama hwekutengeserana pakati peRussia nenyika dzekuMadokero hwakakanganiswa nekunetsana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Nekuda kwezvirango zvehupfumi zvakatemerwa nyika dzekuMadokero, Russia yakatendeukira kune mamwe matunhu akaita seAsia, Latin America, neAfrica kusimbisa misika yayo yekunze. pakusimudzira kusimba kwehupfumi kwenguva yakareba kwakaratidza kubatsira kuhupfumi hweRussia. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kutengeserana kwenyika dzese kunogona kuchinjika nekuda kwemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika kana mamiriro ehupfumi hwenyika. Pakazara, Russia inoramba iine chinzvimbo chakakosha mukutengeserana nedzimwe nyika, nekuda kwekuwanda kwezviwanikwa zvayo. Hurumende yenyika ine chinangwa chekuwedzera kusiyanisa hupfumi hwavo, kugadzira mikana yekukura inoenderera kuburikidza nekuwedzera kukwikwidza, GDPutinova.

Russia ine mukana mukuru wekuvandudza musika wayo wekutengesa kunze. Senyika hombe pasi rose, Russia ine zviwanikwa zvakakura zvakaita seoiri, gasi rechisikigo, zvicherwa, uye matanda. Izvi zvinopa hwaro hwakasimba hweindasitiri yayo yekutengesa kunze kwenyika. Imwe yesimba rakakosha reRussia isimba rayo remagetsi. Ndiyo yechipiri pakukura pasi rose kugadzira oiri negasi, zvichiita kuti ive mutambi akakosha mumisika yemagetsi epasi rose. Nekuwedzera kuri kuda kwesimba pasi rese, Russia ine mukana wekuwedzera kugona kwayo kunze kwenyika uye kukwezva mari yekunze. Pamusoro pezvo, Russia ine hwaro hwakasimba hwekugadzira hunosanganisira maindasitiri akaita seaerospace, mota, michina, uye makemikari. Zvikamu izvi zvine mukana wekupa zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro kumisika yepasi rose. Uyezve, nzvimbo yeRussia inoita kuti ive nzvimbo yakakosha yekufambisa pakati peEurope neAsia. Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), iyo inosanganisira nyika dzakaita seBelarus neKazakhstan pakati pevamwe, inopa mamiriro ekutengeserana akasarudzika mukati medunhu rino. Izvi zvinogadzira mikana yekuti mabhizinesi eRussia apinde mumisika iyi. Pamusoro pezvo, zvirongwa zvehurumende zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvine chinangwa chekusiyanisa hupfumi hwenyika zvakaratidza zvibereko zvakanaka. Chirongwa che "Made in Russia" chinosimudzira kugadzirwa kwemumba nekupa rutsigiro kumabhizinesi emuno ari kuwedzera mhiri kwemakungwa. Gwaro iri rinokurudzira kudyidzana nedzimwe nyika kuburikidza nekudyidzana kana kudyidzana kunogona kubatsira kusimudzira kutengesa kunze kwenyika. Zvisinei, pane zvimhingamipinyi zvinoda kugadziriswa tisati tanyatsoona kugona kweRussia kutengeserana nedzimwe nyika. Kuvandudza mafambisirwo ezvivakwa mukati menyika kwaizoita kuti zvinhu zvifambiswe zvakanaka mumadaro marefu. Kusimudzira kujeka uye kudzikisira hutongi muzvirongwa zvekutengeserana kunokwezvawo vatengesi vekunze. Mukupedzisa, nekupa zviwanikwa zvayo zvakawanda, nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekugadzira, nzvimbo dzakarongwa, matanho ehurumende anoshingaira,,, uye kuedza kuenderera mberi mukuvandudza zvivakwa, zviri pachena kuti Russia ine mukana wakakura usina kushandiswa mukusimudzira musika wayo wekutengeserana kunze. Nekugadzirisa kwakakodzera uye mitemo ine hushamwari hwebhizinesi, Russia inogona kukwezva vakawanda vanodyidzana nedzimwe nyika vanopa zvakanaka mukusimudzira hupfumi kuburikidza nekuwedzera kutengesa kunze kwenyika.

Kana zvasvika pakusarudza vatengesi vemusika wekutengesa kunze kwenyika muRussia, pane akati wandei akakosha zvinhu zvekufunga. Nehuwandu hwevanhu vanopfuura mamirioni zana nemakumi mana nemana, Russia inopa musika wakakura une zvakasiyana siyana zvevatengi zvavanoda uye zvinodiwa. Heano mamwe matipi ekuti ungasarudza sei zvigadzirwa zvekubudirira kunze kwenyika: 1. Tsvagurudza maitiro evatengi: Tanga nekuita tsvakiridzo yemusika yakakwana pane zvinodiwa nevatengi vekuRussia uye maitiro ekutenga. Ziva zvikamu zvechigadzirwa zvakakurumbira, mafambiro ari kubuda, uye mararamiro anogona kutungamira maitiro ako ekusarudza. 2. Funga nezvemirau yemuno: Zvijairirane nemitemo yeRussia yekupinza zvinhu munyika, kusanganisira zviyero zvechigadzirwa, zvitupa, zvinodikanwa zvekunyora, uye mitoro yekutenga kunze kwenyika. Kutevedzera iyi mirairo kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekupinda mumusika weRussia. 3. Tarisa pahutano: Vatengi veRussia vanokoshesa zvigadzirwa zvehutano zvinopa kusimba uye kuvimbika pamitengo inonzwisisika. Ita shuwa kuti zvigadzirwa zvaunosarudza zvinosangana nemhando yepamusoro-soro sezvo izvi zvichisimudza mukurumbira wemhando yako pakati pevatengi. 4. Chinja kune zvinodiwa munharaunda: Nzwisisa zvidikanwi zvakasiyana zvevatengi veRussia uye gadzirisa sarudzo yako yechigadzirwa zvinoenderana. Funga zvinhu zvakaita semamiriro ekunze (semuenzaniso, zvipfeko zvinodziya munzvimbo dzinotonhora), zvido zvetsika (semuenzaniso, mhizha dzechinyakare kana chikafu), kana zvimwe zvinodiwa (semuenzaniso, eco-hushamwari kana organic zvigadzirwa). 5. Wedzera e-commerce mapuratifomu: Indasitiri ye-e-commerce yaona kukura kwakanyanya muRussia mumakore achangopfuura; saka, funga kudyidzana neakakurumbira online mapuratifomu seYandex.Market kana AliExpress Russia kuti usvike kune yakakura vatengi base. 6.Mazororo eRussia: Tora mukana wemwaka mikuru yekutenga yakadai seEvha Idzva Idzva (Zvita 31st) uye Zuva reMadzimai reMarudzi (Kurume 8). Aya mazororo anounza mari yakawanda yevatengi uye inopa mikana yekuwedzera kutengesa. 7.Outstanding customer service: Iva nechokwadi chekushanda kwevatengi kwakanakisisa mukati mekushanda kwebhizimisi rako muRussia - kubva kune-pre-sales support kusvika kune-after-sales care - sezvo izvi zvichakurudzira kuvimbika kwevatengi paunenge uchitanga shoko rakanaka-re-muromo mukati memusika. Rangarira kuti kubudirira mune chero musika wekunze kunoda musanganiswa wekushingairira kutsvagisa, kuchinjika, uye kuzvipira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevatengi. Nekutarisa pakunzwisisa musika weRussia uye kugadzirisa sarudzo yako yechigadzirwa zvinoenderana, unogona kuwedzera mikana yako yekubudirira mundima ine mari yekutengeserana kunze kwenyika muRussia.

Mutengi maitiro muRussia: 1. Hukama hwehukama: Vatengi veRussia vanokoshesa hukama hwemunhu uye kuvimba pavanenge vachiita bhizinesi. Kuvaka hukama hwakasimba nevatengi kwakakosha pakubudirira kwenguva refu. 2. Formality: MaRussia anoisa kukosha pamaitiro, kunyanya panguva yekudyidzana kwekutanga. Itsika yekutaura nevatengi vachishandisa zita ravo uye zita rekupedzisira, kunze kwekunge varairwa neimwe nzira. 3. Kuziva nguva: Kubata nguva kunokosheswa mutsika dzebhizinesi reRussia, uye kunonoka kana kunonoka kunogona kutariswa zvisina kunaka nevatengi. Zvinokurudzirwa kusvika nenguva yemisangano uye kutevedzera nguva yakatarwa. 4. Kukurukurirana maitiro: Vanhu vokuRussia vanokoshesa kukurukurirana kwakananga pasina kurova kumativi egwenzi. Vanoda kutwasuka nekutendeseka munhaurirano kana nhaurirano. 5. Kudyidzana kwezveruzivo: Kutarisisa kune zvakadzama kunobata basa rakakosha mune zvinodiwa nevatengi vekuRussia sezvo ivo vanowanzo nyatsoongorora zvese zvikamu zvechibvumirano vasati vaita. 6. Mutengo wekunzwa: Kunyange zvazvo hutano hunokosha, mutengo chinhu chinokosha kune vakawanda vatengi veRussia nekuda kwekufunga kwehupfumi. Mutengi taboos muRussia: 1. Rega kukurukura zvematongerwo enyika kana nyaya dzine gakava kunze kwekunge zvanyatsotaurwa nemutengi pachake. 2. Rega kutaura mashoko anozvidza pamusoro peRussia kana tsika dzayo, sezvo zvingagumbura vatengi. 3. Usarerutsa kukosha kwehukama hwemunhu; kuregeredza kuedza-kuvaka hukama kunogona kukanganisa mikana yebhizinesi nevatengi veRussia. 4. Zvipo zvinotendwa asi zvinofanirwa kupihwa nemazvo; dzivisa zvipo zvakanyanyisa zvinogona kuonekwa sechiokomuhomwe kana kupesvedzera zvinhu sezvo nyaya dzehuwori dziriko mune mamwe matunhu enyika yeRussia. 5. Ngwarira pamusoro pekuita zvipikirwa zvisingagoni kuzadzikiswa nokukurumidza kana zvakarurama sezvo kuvimba kunonyanya kukosha pakati pevatengi veRussia. Ongorora: Aya maitiro evatengi uye taboos ndeye generalizations yakavakirwa patsika nekutarisa asi inogona kusashanda zvakafanana kune wese munhu muRussia nekuda kwekusiyana kwedunhu uye musiyano wemunhu.

Iyo tsika yekutarisira tsika muRussia chinhu chakakosha chekutonga kwemuganhu wenyika uye matanho ekuchengetedza. Heano mamwe akakosha mapoinzi ekunzwisisa pamusoro pemitemo yetsika dzeRussia uye maitiro. Chekutanga, vashanyi vese vanopinda kana kubuda muRussia vanofanirwa kuzivisa chero zvinhu zvakakosha zvinodarika imwe chikumbaridzo. Izvi zvinosanganisira mari, zvishongo, zvemagetsi, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha. Kukundikana kuita zviziviso zvakakodzera kunogona kuguma nekurangwa uye kutorwa kwezvinhu zvisina kuziviswa. Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvinhu zvinorambidzwa kana kurambidzwa kutengwa kunze kwenyika kana kutumirwa kunze kwenyika kubva kuRussia. Izvi zvinosanganisira narcotics, zvombo, mamwe marudzi ezvigadzirwa zvekudya, uye zvetsika zvigadzirwa. Zvakakosha kuti vafambi vatarise runyoro rwezvinhu zvinorambidzwa vasati vapinda kana kubuda munyika. Paunenge uchienda kuRussia nemishonga yemishonga, zvinokurudzirwa kutakura chinyorwa chakanyorwa kubva kuna chiremba sehumbowo hwepamutemo hwekushandisa iwe pachako. Pakusvika panhandare dzendege dzeRussia kana miganhu yenyika, vafambi vachapfuura nekudzora pasipoti uye kuongorora tsika. Mahofisi eCustoms anogona kungoita macheki pamikwende nezvinhu zvake zvezvinhu zvisiri pamutemo. Zvakakosha kushandira pamwe nevakuru kana zvasarudzwa kuti zviongororwe zvakare. Vafambi vanofanira kuona kuti vapedza magwaro anodiwa akadai semafomu ekupinda munyika uye mafomu ekuzivisa tsika nenzira kwayo uye nekuvimbika vasati vasvika kuRussia. Aya mafomu anosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro emunhu senge chinangwa uye nguva yekugara. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti vafambi vanobva kuRussia vasapfuure mvumo yemahara yakatarwa neRussia tsika mirau ine chekuita nekutenga kunoitwa mukati menyika. Mukupedzisa, kufamba netsika dzeRussia kunoda kuteedzera mirau ine chekuita nemari yekuzivisa zvikumbaridzo, zvinorambidzwa zvinhu zvinorambidzwa, kuzadzisa magwaro anodiwa nemazvo pamberi apo uchigadzirirwa kuongororwa kwaungasvika pakusvika/kubva panhandare dzendege kana kumiganhu yenyika.

Russia yakaisa mutemo wemitero pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kuchengetedza maindasitiri ayo epamba uye kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemukati. Nyika inobhadharisa mari dzekunze kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi uye kukosha kwechinhu chaunzwa kunze kwenyika. Zvinhu zvinopinzwa kunze kwenyika kuRussia zviri pasi pemitero yetsika, VAT (Value Added Tax), uye mitero yemitero. Mitemo yetsika inobvisirwa zvichienderana nekukosha kwetsika dzechigadzirwa pamwe nekuiswa kwavo maererano neRussia Classification for Foreign Economic Activities (TN VED). Mitengo iyi inogona kubva pa0% kusvika pamazana akati wandei kubva muzana, kunyangwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvine mutero wemitero iri pakati pe5% ne30%. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora kutengwa kunze kwenyika kuburikidza nekuita kuti zvigadzirwa zvekunze zvidhure zvichienzaniswa nezvinogadzirwa munyika. Pamusoro pemitero yetsika, zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zviri pasi pechiyero cheVAT che20%. Nekudaro, zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha senge chikafu, midziyo yekurima, mishonga, mabhuku ezvinyorwa, nezvimwe, zvinogona kunge zvakaderedzwa kana zero VAT mwero. Pamusoro pazvo, mutero wekunze unogona kutemerwawo pazvikamu zvakasiyana zvezvinhu zvinobva kunze kwenyika zvakaita sedoro nefodya. Mitero iyi yakanangana nekurambidza kushandiswa kwakanyanya uku ichiunzira hurumende mari. Zvakakosha kuti vanopinza zvinhu muRussia vatevedzere mirau yese ine chekuita nemakodhi emitengo uye zvinyorwa zvinodiwa. Kusatevedzera zvinogona kukonzera kunonotsa kubvumidzwa kwetsika kana kunyange zvirango. Pakazere, mitemo yeRussia yemitero yekunze ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza maindasitiri emunyika nekuita kuti zvigadzirwa zvekunze zvidhure zvakanyanya uku uchiunza mari kuburikidza nemitero nemitero. Matanho aya anokurudzira kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo uye anotsigira kukura kwehupfumi hwenyika.

Russia inyika yakakura ine hupfumi hwakasiyana, uye mutemo wayo wemutero wekutengesa kunze unobata basa rakakosha mukuumba hukama hwayo hwekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika. Hurumende yeRussia inoisa mutero wekutengesa kunze kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti zvigadzirise misika yemumba, kusimudzira maindasitiri emuno, uye kuunza mari kuhurumende. Mitero yekunze muRussia inonyanya kunanga zvinhu zvakaita seoiri, gasi, simbi, uye zvigadzirwa zvekurima. Izvi zviwanikwa zvakakosha kuhupfumi hweRussia uye kazhinji zvinomiririra chikamu chakakura chemari yayo yekunze. Hurumende inosuma uye inogadzirisa iyi mitero nguva nenguva kuti ienzanise zvido zvehupfumi pamwe nekudiwa kwekutsigira musika wepamba. Mitero yemitero inotemerwa kune zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika inosiyana zvichienderana nechigadzirwa chaicho. Semuenzaniso, kutengeswa kweoiri kunze kwenyika kunoenderana nebasa rekunze iro rinochinja-chinja zvichienderana nemitengo yemafuta epasi rose. Saizvozvo, gasi rechisikigo rine mutero waro unotsvaga zvese pundutso uye kukwikwidza mumisika yepasirese. Simbi dzakaita sesimbi ore, aluminium, mhangura, nickel zvakare inotarisana nemitero yekunze. Marevhiti aya anovimbisa kuti zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa mukati meRussia zvinowana nzira yekugadzira mudzimba nemitengo inonzwisisika uye zvichikurudzira zviitiko zvakawedzerwa zvakakosha mukati menyika. Zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvinoumba chimwe chikamu chakakosha chiri pasi pemutero wekutengesa kunze kwenyika muRussia. Mitero inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sezvekuchengetedza chikafu kana kuedza kukurudzira kukura kweindasitiri yezvekurima nekuderedza makwikwi ekunze. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kunyangwe mitero iyi ichigona kuunza mari yakawanda kuhurumende yeRussia, inogonawo kukanganisa mitengo yezvinhu zvepasi rose nekuchinjana kwekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika zvinoenderana nezviwanikwa zveRussia. Mumakore achangopfuura, kwave kuenderera mberi nhaurirano pamusoro pezvingangove shanduko mumatongerwo emutero weRussia wekutengesa kunze kwenyika sechikamu chekuedza kwakasiyana-siyana kwehupfumi kana kupindura kune geopolitical zvinhu zvinopesvedzera kutengeserana kwepasirese. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti mabhizinesi ari kuita kutengeserana nedzimwe nyika neRussia agare akagadziridzwa pane zvese zviri kuitika kana kugadziridzwa mumitemo iyi yemutero kuti varonge nemazvo marongero avo ekutengesa kunze kwenyika.

Russia, semutambi akakosha mumusika wepasi rose, ine akasiyana siyana ekutumira zvitupa kuti ive nechokwadi chemhando uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvinhu zvayo zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvitupa zvinobatsira kuvaka kuvimbana pakati pevanotengesa kunze kwenyika uye kufambisa kutengeserana kwenyika. Imwe yezvitupa zvekutanga kunze kwenyika muRussia ndeye GOST-R (Gosudarstvenny Standart) certification. Izvo zvinosungirwa kune zvakawanda zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuRussia uye zvinoratidza kutevedzera Russian mhando zviyero. Ichi chitupa chinovhara zvikamu zvakasiyana semuchina, zvemagetsi, makemikari, kugadzira chikafu, nezvimwe. Kune zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvakagadzirirwa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika, iyo Phytosanitary Sitifiketi yakakosha. Chitupa ichi chinoona kuti zvirimwa kana zvigadzirwa zvezvirimwa zvakaongororwa uye hazvina tumbuyu kana zvirwere zvisati zvaendeswa kunze kwenyika. Inopa chitupa chekutevedzera pasi rose phytosanitary zviyero zvakaiswa nemasangano akadai seInternational Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). Pamusoro pezvitupa zvakanangana nechikamu, Russia inodawo vatengesi kunze kwenyika kuti vawane Chitupa cheConformity (CoC) kana Declaration of Conformity (DoC). Iyo CoC inoratidza kuti zvinhu zvinosangana nezvinodiwa tekinoroji mirau kana nyika zviyero zvakatangwa neRosstandart (Federal Agency paTechnical Regulating uye Metrology). Zvichakadaro, iyo DoC inoshanda sehumbowo hwekuti zvinhu zvinoenderana nemirairo chaiyo asi zvisingade kuongororwa murabhoritari. Chimwe chakakosha certification yekunze muRussia ndiyo ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System Certification. Kunyangwe zvisiri zvinosungirwa kumabhizinesi ese, iyi chiyero chinozivikanwa pasi rose chinoratidza kuzvipira kwekambani kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro nguva dzose. Zvakakosha kuti vatengesi vekuRussia vazive nezvezvitupa izvi zvinodiwa vasati vapinda mukutengeserana nedzimwe nyika. Nepo iyi pfupiso ichipa tarisiro yezvimwe zvakajairika zvitupa kunze kwenyika muRussia; mhando dzemhando dzezvigadzirwa dzingada mamwe magwaro zvichienderana nekwavo uye nekwavari kuenda mirau yekutenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Pakazere, kuwana zvitupa zvakakodzera kunze kwenyika kunovimbisa vatengi pasi rese nezvekuzvipira kweRussia kuendesa kunze kwemhando yepamusoro uku uchitevedzera mirairo yepasirese.

Russia, iyo nyika hombe pasi rose, inozivikanwa nehukuru hwayo hwenzvimbo uye nhoroondo dzenhoroondo. Kana iwe uri kuda akavimbika Logistics masevhisi muRussia, heano mamwe kurudziro yekufunga nezvayo. 1. Russian Post: Basa repasi rose reRussia, Russian Post inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwekutumira sarudzo mukati uye kune dzimwe nyika. Ne network yemapazi munyika yese, inopa mhinduro iri nyore uye inokwanisika yekutumira tsamba, zvinyorwa, uye mapasuru madiki. 2. DHL: Semumwe wevanotungamira pasi rose vanopa zvinhu, DHL inoshanda zvakanyanya muRussia ichipa yakavimbika yekuburitsa masevhisi. Nehunyanzvi hwavo mukutakura kwepasirese uye kudyidzana nevatakuri veko, DHL inova nechokwadi chekukurumidza uye nemazvo kutumirwa muRussia yose. 3. Pony Express: Kambani yekutumira inonyanyozivikanwa inoita zvekufambisa kwemukati mukati meRussia. Pony Express inopa masevhisi emusuwo neakawanda nzira dzekutumira dzinosanganisira zuva rimwe chete kana rinotevera-zuva rekutakura zvichienderana nekukasira kwekutumira kwako. 4. RZD Logistics: Pakutakura zvinhu zvakawanda kana kutakura zvinhu mukati meRussia kana kunyika dzakavakidzana dzakadai seChina kana Europe, RZD Logistics isarudzo inokurudzirwa. Ivo vanopa yakazara njanji yekutakura zvinhu mhinduro ine yakasanganiswa yetsika clearance masevhisi ekufambisa kwakanaka. 5. CDEK: Sekambani yakabatanidzwa yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi inoshanda munzvimbo yese yeEurasia kusanganisira Russia, CDEK inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwemasevhisi ekugadzirisa zvinhu senge warehousing mhinduro, yekupedzisira-mamaira yekutumira sarudzo kusanganisira e-commerce kuzadzikiswa uye mapasuru evhavha. 6. AsstrA Associated Traffic AG: Kana iwe uchida zvigadziriso zvekufambisa zvakadai sekutakura kutakura zvinhu zvakanyanya kana chirongwa chekutakura zvinhu mukati meRussia kana mberi kwemiganhu yayo kuenda kuEurope kana Asia, funga kuhaya AsstrA Associated Traffic AG's professional freight forward services. 7. HeyHeyExpress (AKA Ruston): Indaneti yakakurumbira inobatanidza vanhu vanoda kutumira mapakeji nevafambi vane imwe nzvimbo yekutakura inowanika panguva yerwendo rwavo kuenda / kubva kumaguta akasiyana muRussia. Aya kurudziro anopa akasiyana sarudzo zvichienderana nezvako chaizvo zvekushandisa zvinodiwa mukati meRussia. Gara uchifunga zvinhu zvakaita senge saizi uye chimiro chekutumira kwako, bhajeti, uye nguva yekutumira paunenge uchisarudza mupi wekutakura zvinhu.

Zviratidziro zvakakosha zvekutengeserana

Russia inyika ine akawanda akakosha ekunze ekutenga nzira uye maratidziro ekutengeserana. Aya mapuratifomu anoita basa rakakosha mukukwezva vatengi vepasi rose uye kusimudzira zvigadzirwa zveRussia nemaindasitiri kumusika wepasirese. Heano zvimwe zvezvakakosha: 1. Moscow International Trade Fair: Iyo Moscow International Trade Fair, inozivikanwawo seYugAgro, ndeimwe yezviratidziro zvakakura zvekurima zveRussia. Iyo inoratidzira dzakasiyana siyana dzeagribusiness zvikamu, kusanganisira michina, midziyo, kupfuya mhuka, kugadzira zvirimwa, uye kugadzira chikafu. Iyi ratidziro yekutengeserana inopa mukana wakanaka kune vatengi vekunze kuti vaongorore zvigadzirwa zvekurima zveRussia uye kutanga kudyidzana. 2. St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF): St. Petersburg International Economic Forum chiitiko chegore negore chinoshanda senzvimbo yevatungamiri vemabhizimisi kubva kumativi ose enyika kuti vakurukure matambudziko makuru ehupfumi akatarisana neRussia nedzimwe nyika. Inokwezva vakuru-vakuru vehurumende, maCEO emakambani makuru, uye vamiriri vanobva kumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana anosanganisira simba, mari, tekinoroji, kugadzira nezvimwe, zvichipa mikana yekubatanidza uye kuongorora zvingangoita mapurojekiti ekudyara. 3. Innoprom: Innoprom iratidziro yekutengeserana kwemaindasitiri yakaitirwa muYekaterinburg inotarisa pakuratidzira matekinoroji muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana sekuvaka muchina, kugadzirisa simba remagetsi, marobhoti nezvimwewo, Kukwezva vashanyi vekunze vanofarira hunyanzvi hweRussia mumaindasitiri akasiyana. 4. WorldFood Moscow: WorldFood Moscow ndeimwe yezviratidziro zveindasitiri yezvekudya muRussia apo vagadziri venyika vanopa zvigadzirwa zvavo pamwe nemakambani epasirese ari kupa chikafu kubva pasirese pasi rinomiririra zvikamu zvese: grocery & snacks; confectionery; bakery; tii & kofi; indasitiri yezvinwiwa zvedoro nezvimwe., Ichi chiratidziro chinoshanda senzvimbo yakakosha kumakambani epamba kuti abatanidze nevatengi vekunze vanofarira zvigadzirwa zvechikafu zveRussia. 5.Cross-Border E-commerce Platforms: Russia yakaona kukura kwakakosha mumapuratifomu e-commerce e-e-commerce seAliExpress Russia (mubatanidzwa pakati peAlibaba Group & Mail.ru Group), iyo inogonesa vatengesi veChinese kuwana musika weRussia zvakanyanya. Imwe nzvimbo yakakurumbira yekuyambuka muganhu inoshanda muRussia iWildberries, chitoro chepamhepo chekuRussia chinopa zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana kubva kunyika dzakasiyana siyana. 6. Import Substitution Chirongwa: Sechikamu chechirongwa chekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika, Russia yanga ichiwedzera kutarisisa kwayo kugadzirwa kwepamba kutsiva zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvakanyanya. Hurumende yakatora matanho akasiyana-siyana ekutsigira vagadziri venzvimbo, kusanganisira kubhadhara mutero uye rubatsiro. Danho iri rinogadzira mikana yekuti makambani epasi rese abatane nevagadziri veRussia kana vatengesi. Muchidimbu, Russia inopa akawanda akakosha ekunze nzira dzekutenga uye kutengeserana kuratidzira seMoscow International Trade Fair (YugAgro), St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF), Innoprom, WorldFood Moscow kuratidzwa nezvimwewo, mapuratifomu aya anogonesa vatengi vepasi rese kuongorora uye batana nemaindasitiri eRussia uchipa mikana kumakambani eRussia kuti awedzere kusvika kwavo mumusika wepasi rose.

Common search engines

MuRussia, kune akati wandei akakurumbira ekutsvaga injini anowanzo shandiswa nevanhu kutarisa internet uye kuwana ruzivo. Inonyanya kushandiswa kutsvaga injini muRussia inosanganisira: 1. Yandex - Yandex ndiyo huru uye inonyanya kufarirwa injini yekutsvaga muRussia. Inopa akasiyana masevhisi, anosanganisira kutsvaga pawebhu, mepu, nhau, mifananidzo, mavhidhiyo, nezvimwe. Webhusaiti yeYandex ndeye: www.yandex.ru. 2. Google - Kunyange zvazvo Google ihombe yekutsvaga yepasi rose uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rese, inewo kuvepo kwakakosha mumusika weRussia. Vazhinji vekuRussia vanosarudza kushandisa Google kune yayo chaiyo yekutsvaga mhinduro uye akasiyana masevhisi seGmail neYouTube. Webhusaiti yeGoogle Russia ndeye: www.google.ru. 3. Mail.ru - Kunyange zvazvo ichinyanya kuzivikanwa semupi webasa reemail, Mail.ru inopawo injini yayo yekutsvaga inonzi Mail.ru Search (yaimbozivikanwa seWebalta). Inopa vashandisi mhinduro dzakakodzera dzekutsvaga pamwe nemamwe masevhisi senge nhau dzekuvandudza uye kufanotaura kwemamiriro ekunze. Unogona kuwana Mail.ru Tsvaga pa: www.search.mail.ru. 4. Rambler - Rambler imwe inozivikanwa zvikuru yeInternet portal yeRussia iyo inoshandisa injini yayo yekutsvaga inonzi Rambler Search (yaimbozivikanwa seRambler Top 100). Kunze kwekupa webhu basa rekutsvaga, Rambler inopawo maemail masevhisi, nhau dzekuvandudza, kutepfenyura mimhanzi sevhisi, mamiriro ekunze, nezvimwe. Unogona kushanyira Rambler Tsvaga pa: www.rambler.ru. 5. Bing - Kunyange zvazvo isinganyanyi kusimba sezvataurwa pamusoro apa mukukurumbira pakati pevaRussia kazhinji, Bing ichine vamwe vashandisi mukati menyika nekuda kwekunyatsorongeka kwayo kwezvinyorwa zvepasi rese pamwe chete nezvimiro zvemuno zvinopihwa neMicrosoft zvakagadzirirwa vashandisi vekuRussia pabing. com/?cc=ru Aya ndiwo mamwe einjini dzinowanzo shandiswa muRussia ane mawebhusaiti avo ataurwa pamusoro apa.

Mapeji makuru eyero

Russia inyika yakakura ine mabhizinesi akasiyana siyana uye masevhisi anowanikwa kune vagari vayo nevashanyi. Heino runyorwa rwemamwe akakurumbira yellow mapeji mawebhusaiti anogona kukubatsira iwe kuwana ruzivo nezve akasiyana makambani muRussia: 1. Yandex: Inonyanya kushandiswa kutsvaga injini muRussia, Yandex inopa dhairekitori rebhizinesi rakazara rinozivikanwa se "Yandex.Pages." Inopa ruzivo rwekusangana, kero, uye ongororo yevashandisi kumabhizinesi muzvikamu zvakasiyana. Webhusaiti: mapeji.yandex.ru 2. 2GIS: Sevhisi yemepu ine mukurumbira muRussia, 2GIS inosanganisirawo dhairekitori reyero yemapeji iro rinobata maguta akawanda munyika yose. Iwe unogona kuwana ruzivo nezve mabhizinesi emunharaunda, kusanganisira yekutaura, maawa ekushanda, uye zviyero zvevashandisi pawebhusaiti yavo. Webhusaiti: 2gis.ru 3. Yellow Pages Russia (YP.RU): Webhusaiti ino inotarisisa kubatanidza vashandisi nemakambani emuno mumaindasitiri akasiyana akadai sehutano, kuvaka, mabasa ekugamuchira vaenzi, zvichingodaro, kuburikidza neakakura mapeji eyero mapeji. Webhusaiti: yp.ru 4. Moscow InfoYellowPages: Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, iyi puratifomu yakatsaurirwa kupa ruzivo pamusoro pemakambani ari muMoscow zvakananga. Inopa dhatabhesi rinotsvakwa remabhizinesi akakamurwa neindasitiri pamwe chete neavo ruzivo uye rumwe ruzivo rwakakodzera. Webhusaiti: mosyello.com 5. RUweb Yellow Pages (Catalog.web100.com): Iri dhairekitori repamhepo rine ruzhinji rwemakambani eRussia akarongwa nechikamu nenzvimbo kuti zvive nyore kune vashandisi kuwana zvavari kutsvaga nekukurumidza. Ndokumbira utarise kuti kunyangwe aya ari mamwe mawebhusaiti eyero anoshandiswa muRussia, panogona kunge paine mamwe anowanikwa zvakare zvichienderana nenzvimbo yako chaiyo kana guta mukati menyika.

Nzvimbo huru dzekutengeserana

Russia inyika yakakura ine musika uri kukurumidza kukura e-commerce. Heano mamwe makuru e-commerce mapuratifomu muRussia pamwe nemawebhusaiti avo: 1. Wildberries (https://www.wildberries.ru/) - Wildberries ndeimwe yemapuratifomu makuru e-commerce muRussia uye inopa huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira zvipfeko, zvemagetsi, zvigadzirwa zverunako, midziyo yemumba, nezvimwe. 2. Ozon (https://www.ozon.ru/) - Ozon imwe nzvimbo yemusika yakakurumbira yepaIndaneti muRussia inotengesa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadai semabhuku, zvemagetsi, zvinhu zvemumba, zvipfeko zvefashoni, nezvimwe. 3. AliExpress Russia (https://aliexpress.ru/) - AliExpress yakawana mukurumbira wakakosha muRussia nekuda kwekusarudzwa kwayo kukuru kwezvigadzirwa zvekutengesa kubva kune vatengesi veChinese. 4. Yandex.Market (https://market.yandex.ru/) - Yandex.Market inzvimbo yepaIndaneti inowanikwa neRussian search engine giant Yandex. Inoratidzira vatengesi vazhinji vanopa akasiyana siyana semagetsi, midziyo yemagetsi, zvinhu zvekumba, nezvimwe. 5. Lamoda (https://www.lamoda.ru/) - Lamoda inonyanya kupa zvinhu zvemafashoni zvinosanganisira zvipfeko zvevarume nevakadzi, shangu, zvishongedzo kubva kune zvose zviri munyika uye kune dzimwe nyika. 6. Beru neYandex (https://beru.ru/) - Beru musika wepamhepo weYandex unotarisa kutengesa zvigadzirwa kubva kune vanovimbwa nevatengesi vekuRussia mumapoka akasiyana akadai semagetsi, girosari chikafu nezvimwe. 7. Mvideo (https://www.mvideo.ru/) - Mvideo ipuratifomu yakakurumbira inonyanya kutengesa zvemagetsi zvevatengi sema smartphones, makombiyuta mahwendefa midziyo yemitambo yemitambo nezvimwe 8 .Rozetka( https://rozetka.ua) -- Rozetka inonyanya kukoshesa midziyo yemagetsi ine zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvinosanganisira malaptop, nharembozha, midziyo yemumba nezvimwe zvakawanda. 9 .Citilink( https:/citilink.ru) - CitiLink inonyanya kukoshesa midziyo yemumba, gadget, makombiyuta nemagetsi Iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma yemapuratifomu makuru e-commerce muRussia. Kune mamwe mapuratifomu madiki pamwe nekuchengetedza kune chaiwo niches sekuendesa chikafu (Delivery Club), kubhuka kwehotera (Booking.com), masevhisi ekufambisa (OneTwoTrip), nezvimwe. Zvinogara zvichikurudzirwa kuti utsvage usati watenga nekuenzanisa mitengo, kuverenga wongororo, uye kutarisa mukurumbira wevatengesi pamapuratifomu aya.

Nzvimbo huru dzesocial media

Russia inyika ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwesocial media mapuratifomu anoenderana nehuwandu hwayo hwakasiyana. Heano mamwe eakakurumbira social media mapuratifomu muRussia pamwe nemawebhusaiti avo: 1. VKontakte (VK) - inozivikanwawo se "Russian Facebook," VKontakte ndeimwe yenzvimbo huru dzesocial network muRussia. Vashandisi vanogona kugadzira maprofile, kubatana neshamwari, kujoinha nharaunda, kugovera multimedia zvemukati, uye kutamba mitambo yepamhepo. Webhusaiti: vk.com 2. Odnoklassniki - Iyi puratifomu inotarisa pakubatanidzazve vaunodzidza navo uye shamwari dzekare. Vashandisi vanogona kuwana uye kutaurirana nevanhu vanobva kuzvikoro zvavo nemayunivhesiti, kujoinha nharaunda dzine thematic, kutamba mitambo, uye kugovera mafoto/mavhidhiyo. Webhusaiti: ok.ru 3. Nyika Yangu (Moy Mir) - Inoshandiswa neMail.ru Group, Nyika Yangu inosanganisa zvinhu zvekubhuroga nesocial network uko vashandisi vanogona kuwana zvinonakidza zvemukati zvinoenderana nezvavanofarira kana kugadzira yavo blog kuti vagovane pfungwa/pfungwa pachena kana pachivande mukati network yeshamwari. Webhusaiti: my.mail.ru 4. Teregiramu - Sechikuva chekutumira mameseji chakagadzirwa neRussia muzvinabhizimusi Pavel Durov, Teregiramu inobvumira vashandisi kutumira mameseji, kufona kwezwi, mafaira emultimedia ane encryption yekupedzisira-yekupedzisira-yekuwedzeredzwa kuvanzika. Webhusaiti: telegram.org 5. Instagram - Kunyangwe isiri kuRussia chete semamwe mapuratifomu pane iyi runyorwa asi yakakurumbira pakati pevaRussia zvakadaro; ipuratifomu- uye vhidhiyo-yekugovera chikuva apo vashandisi vanotumira izvo zvinogona kuitwa pachena kana kugovaniswa chete pakati pevateveri vavo. Webhusaiti: instagram.com

Masangano makuru eindasitiri

Russia ine akati wandei maindasitiri masangano anoita basa rakakosha muhupfumi hwenyika. Heano mamwe acho pamwe nemakero avo ewebhusaiti: 1. Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP) Webhusaiti: https://www.rspp.ru/en/ 2. Sangano reRussia Banks (ARB) Webhusaiti: https://arb.ru/en/home 3. Association of Automobile Manufacturers (OAR) Webhusaiti: http://oar-info.com/ 4. Russian Union of Chemists (RUC) Webhusaiti: http://ruc-union.org/ 5. Sangano reVagadziri veGasi neVatengesi (AGPE) Nzvimbo yepaIndaneti: http://www.harvest-season.ru/international/about-eng#plans 6. Federation of Restaurateurs uye Hoteliers Webhusaiti: https://fbrussia.ru/?lang=en 7. Sangano reTerevhizheni neRadio Broadcasters Webhusaiti: http://aabbrt.org/?lang=en 8. The Russian Guild for Film Distribution Webhusaiti: https://kino.kit.ru/eng/guild-rus.php 9.Russian Union yeFlour Mills & Groats Plants(RUFMGP) webhusaiti:http//rufmgp.su 10.Russian Organizers Zone nhengo(ROZSPOZHIVETERS UNION) webhusaiti:http//rozsplur-union.strtersite.com Aya masangano anovhara zvikamu zvakasiyana seindasitiri, mabhanga, kugadzira mota, makemikari, kugadzira gasi rechisikigo, kugamuchira vaenzi, kutepfenyura midhiya, kugovera mafirimu, kugadzira chikafu (kureva, RUFMGP), uye zvinhu zvevatengi (kureva, ROZSPOZHIVETERS UNION). Ndokumbira utarise kuti ruzivo rwakapihwa rwakarurama panguva yekunyora mhinduro iyi asi zvinogara zvichikurudzirwa kushanyira mawebhusaiti avo kuti uwane zvigadziriso zvemaindasitiri aya.

Bhizinesi nekutengeserana mawebhusaiti

Heano mamwe emawebhusaiti ehupfumi nekutengeserana muRussia pamwe nema URL avo: 1. Ministry of Economic Development yeRussian Federation - Iyi webhusaiti yepamutemo inopa ruzivo pamusoro pemitemo yehurumende, mitemo, mikana yekudyara, uye zviratidzo zvehupfumi. Webhusaiti: http://economy.gov.ru/eng 2. Russian Direct Investment Fund - Iyi homwe yehupfumi inosimudzira mari yakananga mumapurojekiti eRussia muzvikamu zvakasiyana. Inopa ruzivo pamusoro pemikana yekudyara, kutsvaga kweshamwari, uye nhau dzichangoburwa. Webhusaiti: https://rdif.ru/Eng_Index/ 3. Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation - Kamuri inomiririra zvido zvemabhizimisi muRussia uye inofambisa mabasa ekutengeserana nekupa zvitupa, rubatsiro rwemutemo, mishumo yekutsvakurudza kwemusika, uye zviitiko zvekubatanidza. Webhusaiti: https://tpprf.ru/en/home 4. Invest in Russia - Iyi webhusaiti inoshanda senzvimbo imwe chete kune vanoisa mari kunze kwenyika vari kutsvaga kutsvaga mikana yebhizinesi muRussia. Inopa ruzivo rwakanangana nechikamu, zvidzidzo zvenyaya, madhairekitori evanodyara, uye nhau dzekuvandudza pamirau uye zvinokurudzira. Webhusaiti: https://investinrussia.com/ 5. FAS Russia (Federal Antimonopoly Service) - FAS inoita kuti pave nekukwikwidzana mumisika kuburikidza nekugadzirisa maitiro ekudzivirira anogona kukanganisa kutengeserana kwakanaka kana kukanganisa zvido zvevatengi muhupfumi hweRussia. Webhusaiti: http://en.fas.gov.ru/ 6. Central Bank yeRussia - Nzvimbo yepawebhusaiti yepamutemo inopa ruzivo pamusoro pematanho ehurongwa hwemari akatorwa nebhanga guru renyika pamwe nenhamba dzakakosha dzemari maererano nemhindu, inflation currency exchange rate etc. Webhusaiti: https://www.cbr.ru/eng/ 7.Export.gov/Russia – Yakagadzirwa neU.S Commercial Service (USCS), webhusaiti iyi inofambisa zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kumakambani ekuAmerica kuenda kuRussia nekupa mishumo yemusika yakanangana neindasitiri, masevhisi ekuraira pamwe neruzivo nezve vadyidzani veko. Nzvimbo yepaIndaneti: http://www.export.gov/russia/index.asp

Trade data query mawebhusaiti

Kune akati wandei ekutengesa data mawebhusaiti aripo ekubvunza ruzivo rwekutengesa kweRussia. Heano mimwe mienzaniso pamwe chete nemakero avo ewebhusaiti: 1. Federal Customs Service yeRussia: Iyi ndiyo webhusaiti yepamutemo yedhipatimendi retsika muRussia. Inopa ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pezvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, kunze kwenyika, uye nhamba dzetsika. Webhusaiti: http://www.customs.ru/en/ 2. Mepu Yekutengeserana: Yakagadzirwa neInternational Trade Center (ITC), chikuva ichi chinopa huwandu hwekutengesa hwakakwana uye ruzivo rwekuwana musika kuRussia. Webhusaiti: https://www.trademap.org/ 3. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): WITS inopa mukana wekuwana dhatabhesi dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika, kusanganisira data kubva kuUnited Nations neWorld Bank. Vashandisi vanogona kutsvaga data rekutengesa reRussia pano. Webhusaiti: https://wits.worldbank.org/ 4. U.N Webhusaiti: https://comtrade.un.org/ 5. Global Trade Tracker (GTT): GTT inoita kuti vashandisi vawane data yepasi rose-export-export kusanganisira iyo yeRussia pamwe chete nekuita maitiro ekuongorora vachishandisa mitemo yakasiyana. Webhusaiti: http://www.globaltradetracker.com/ Webhusaiti: https://www.export.gov/russia Aya mawebhusaiti anofanirwa kukupa hupfumi hweruzivo rwune chekuita nekutengesa kweRussia zviitiko sekutengesa kunze kwenyika, kunze kwenyika, mutero, mafambiro emusika, nezvimwe. Ndokumbira utarise kuti zvinogara zvichikurudzirwa kuratidza uye kuyambuka-referensi ruzivo kubva kune akawanda masosi kana uchivimba nekutengesa manhamba ekutsvaga kana bhizinesi zvinangwa.

B2b mapuratifomu

MuRussia, kune akawanda anozivikanwa B2B mapuratifomu anogona kushandiswa nemabhizinesi. Heano mashoma acho: 1. Alibaba Russia - Iyi puratifomu idivi reAlibaba Group uye inopa masevhisi ekutengeserana pakati pevatengesi vepasi rose nemabhizinesi ekuRussia. Webhusaiti: www.alibaba.ru 2. Yakagadzirwa muRussia - Iyi puratifomu yakatsaurirwa kukusimudzira nekutengeswa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa muRussia uye inobatsira vatengi vepamba nevekunze kuwana vatengesi vakakodzera. Webhusaiti: www.madeinrussia.com 3. EC21 Russia - EC21 ndeimwe yemisika mikuru yeB2B yemagetsi muAsia, ivo vanewo huvepo muRussia, uye vanopa chikuva chekutengesa uye kubatana zvakananga kumusika weRussia. Webhusaiti: ru.ec21.com 4. TradeWheel Russia - Ichi chikuva chepasi rose chekutengeserana padandemutande chine nhamba huru yevatengesi kubva kumaindasitiri akasiyana neminda yakanyoreswa uye inovapa nzira yakananga yekubatanidza nekuita mabasa ekutengeserana. Webhusaiti: www.tradewheel.ru 5. Export-Forum Russia - Iyi foramu yakagadzirirwa kubatsira vatengesi kuti vabatane nevanogona kuva vatengi uye kupa mazano, zviwanikwa uye ruzivo rwekusimudzira kutengeserana kwenyika. Webhusaiti: export-forum.ru Ndokumbira utarise kuti masaiti akanyorwa pamusoro anomiririra nhamba diki yemapuratifomu eB2B anozivikanwa, uye mamwe mawebhusaiti angangoda kutsvaga rumwe ruzivo rwechokwadi.