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Spain, inozivikanwa zviri pamutemo seHumambo hweSpain, inyika iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope. Inoganhurana nePortugal kumadokero uye France kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Spain inogoverawo miganhu neAndorra neGibraltar. Iine nzvimbo inosvika 505,990 square kilometers, Spain ndiyo nyika yechina pakukura muEurope. Iine nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana inosanganisira makomo akadai sePyrenees neSierra Nevada, pamwe chete nemhenderekedzo yegungwa yakanaka pedyo neGungwa reMediterranean neAtlantic Ocean. Nyika iyi inosanganisirawo zvitsuwa zvakasiyana siyana seBalearic Islands muMediterranean neCanary Islands kubva kumhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweAfrica. Spain ine huwandu hwevanhu vanosvika mamirioni makumi mana nemanomwe neMadrid riri guta rayo guru. Mutauro wepamutemo chiSpanish, kunyangwe mitauro yakati wandei yedunhu seCatalan, Galician, Basque inotaurwawo nezvikamu zvakakosha zvematunhu avo. Spain inozivikanwa nenhoroondo yayo yakapfuma uye nhaka yetsika. Yakanga iri imwe yenyika dzine simba kwazvo munhoroondo yepasi rose panguva yekutsvagisa uye kutorwa kwekoloni kubva mumazana emakore apfuura izvo zvakasiya pesvedzero munyika dzakawanda pasi rose kusanganisira South America kuburikidza nekuchinjana kwetsika sekupararira kwemitauro kana magadzirirwo ezvivakwa. Hupfumi hweSpain huri pakati pehumwe hukuru mukati meEuropean Union (EU) nhengo dzine zvikamu zvakaita sekushanya kunoita basa rakakosha rinoteverwa nemaindasitiri ekugadzira sekugadzira mota kana indasitiri yemachira, asi yakatarisana nematambudziko mushure medambudziko rezvemari repasi rose (2008-2009). Nguva pfupi yadarika yakaratidza kukura kwakasimba pre-covid nekuda kwekusiyana-siyana kuedza muzvikamu zvese zvinosanganisira simba rinowanikwazve rinowana simba kunyange nguva pfupi yadarika. Spain inombundirana netsika dzakasiyana siyana mumatunhu ayo asi inogovera hunhu hwetsika dzakafanana sekutenda madhanzi emimhanzi yeflamenco kana chikafu chine mukurumbira zvinosanganisira tapas.Mabiko echinyakare anobata tsoka dzakasimba pamakarenda zvakare; Mutambo weLa Tomatina umo vanhu vanokandirana madomasi muna Nyamavhuvhu wega wega wakakurumbira pasi rose. Pakazere, Spain inozviratidza netsika inoyevedza, nzvimbo dzakanaka padivi pesimba renhoroondo yakawanikwa kwemazana emakore zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo inoshamisa yevashanyi asi ichibatsira zvakanyanya mukukosheswa kwetsika dzakasiyana.

Mari yeSpain ndiyo Euro (€), inova mari yepamutemo yedzimwe nyika dzeEuropean Union. Spain yakatora Euro semari yenyika muna Ndira 1, 2002, ichitsiva Spanish Peseta. Kuve chikamu cheEurozone, Spain inoshandisa maEuro kune ese mashandisirwo ayo emari, kusanganisira kutenga zvinhu nemasevhisi, kubhadhara mabhiri, uye kubvisa mari kubva kumaATM. Iyo Euro yakakamurwa kuita masendi zana. Kuchinja kuenda kumaEuro kwakaunza zvikomborero zvakati kuhupfumi hweSpain. Yakabvisa kushanduka kwekuchinjana mukati meEurozone nyika uye yakafambisa kutengeserana pakati penhengo dzenhengo. Izvo zvakare zvaita kuti kufamba kuve nyore kune vese vekuSpain nevashanyi vekunze vanogona kushandisa mari imwe chete munyika zhinji dzeEurope. Unogona kuwana mabhengi mumasangano akasiyana ari kutenderera muSpain: €5, €10, €20, €50, €100*, €200*, uye €500*. Mari inowanikwa mumasangano e1 cent (€0.01), 2 masendi (€0.02), 5 masendi (€0.05), 10 masendi (€0.10), 20 masendi (€0.20), 50 masendi (€0.50), €1 *, uye €2*. Central Bank yeSpain ine basa rekuburitsa nekugadzirisa kupihwa kweEuro mukati menyika kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemitengo nekudzora inflation. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kana uchishanyira kana kugara muSpain semutorwa kana vashanyi, zvinokurudzirwa kugara wakatakura imwe mari newe nekuti hazvisi zvese zvinogamuchira makadhi echikwereti kana mamwe maitiro emagetsi ekubhadhara nzira. Pakazere, nekutora kwayakaita Euro semari yayo yepamutemo kubva muna Ndira 2002, Spain inoshanda mukati mehurongwa hwemari hwakabatana hwakagovaniswa nenyika zhinji dzeEurope kufambisa kutengeserana uye kuita kuti kutengeserana kwemari kuve kusina musono kuyambuka miganhu.

Mari yeSpain yepamutemo iEuro (€). Kana iri mwero wekutsinhana kwemari hombe uchipikisana neEuro, ndapota cherechedza kuti mitengo iyi inochinja-chinja nguva nenguva uye inosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye nenguva. Nekudaro, hezvino zvimwe fungidziro zvazvino (zvichichinjika): 1 Euro (€) inenge: - 1.12 US Dollars ($) 0.85 British Pound (£) - 126.11 Yen yechiJapan (¥) - 1.17 Swiss Francs (CHF) - 7.45 Chinese Yuan Renminbi (¥) Ndapota ziva kuti nhamba idzi dzinoratidza uye dzinogona kusamiririra mitengo yekuchinjana chero nguva. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwechizvino-zvino uye rwechokwadi, zvinokurudzirwa kutarisa nesangano rezvemari rakavimbika kana currency converter webhusaiti/app.

Spain inyika yakapfuma mutsika uye nhoroondo, uye inopemberera akawanda akakosha mazororo gore rese. Mimwe yemitambo yakakosha inosanganisira: 1. Semana Santa (Vhiki Dzvene): Mutambo wechitendero uyu unoitika mumaguta akasiyana-siyana muSpain, uye Seville iri imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa nokuda kwekufora kwayo kwakadzama. Inorangarira shungu, rufu, nekumuka kwaJesu Kristu. 2. La Tomatina: Wakaitwa musi weChitatu chekupedzisira waNyamavhuvhu muBuñol pedyo neValencia, mutambo uyu wakasiyana unozivikanwa semurwi mukuru wematomatisi pasi rose. Vatori vechikamu vanokandirana madomasi kupemberera chiitiko ichi chine nyonga nyonga. 3. Feria de Abril (Kubvumbi Fair): Kuitika muSeville mavhiki maviri mushure meSvondo yeIsita, chiitiko chevhiki ichi chinoratidza tsika dzeAndalusian kuburikidza nevatambi veflamenco, mitambo yekurwisana nenzombe, mapurisa emabhiza, mitambo yemimhanzi yemagariro, uye kushongedzwa kwemavara. 4. Fiesta de San Fermín: Inopembererwa nemukurumbira muPamplona pakati paChikunguru 6 ne14 gore rega rega, mutambo uyu unotanga ne "The Running of Bulls," apo vatori vechikamu vakashinga vanomhanya nemumigwagwa yakamanikana vachitandaniswa nemabhuru. 5. La Falles de València: Yakapembererwa kubva muna March 15th kusvika March 19th muguta reValencia pamwe chete nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana mukati medunhu reValencia; zvinosanganisira kumisa zviumbwa zvihombe zvepapier-mâché zvinoteverwa nefireworks zviratidziro nemaparadhi zvisati zvapiswa pazuva rekupedzisira. 6. Día de la Hispanidad (Zuva reHispanic): Rinopembererwa musi wa12 October muSpain yose kuyeuka kusvika kwaChristopher Columbus kuAmerica; inosanganisira mapurisa ehondo uye zviitiko zvetsika zvinoratidza Spanish nhaka. Iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma yemitambo yakakosha yeSpain inoratidza tsika dzayo dzakapfuma uye kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwetsika munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenyika.

Spain ndiye mutambi anotungamira mukutengeserana kwepasirese, inozivikanwa nehupfumi hwayo hune hunyanzvi hwekutengesa kunze kwenyika. Nyika inoramba iine hutano hwakanaka hwekutengeserana, nekutengesa kunze kwenyika kudarika kunze kwenyika. Heano mamwe makuru akakosha emamiriro ekutengeserana eSpain: 1. Zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika: Spain ine mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa zvekunze, zvinosanganisira mota, michina, makemikari, mishonga, uye zvigadzirwa zvekurima. Ndiyo imwe yevagadziri vakuru vemotokari muEurope uye inogadzira mota dzekushandisa mudzimba uye misika yepasirese. 2. Major Trading Partners: Spain inoita kutengeserana kwakakosha nenyika dziri mukati meEuropean Union (EU), kunyanya France, Germany, uye Italy. Kunze kwenzvimbo yeEU, ine hukama hwakasimba hwekutengeserana neUnited States neLatin America nyika dzakaita seMexico. 3. Industries Driving Exports: Kugadzirwa kwemotokari kunoramba kuri chikamu chakakosha chinobatsira kuSpain kutengesa kunze kwenyika. Mamwe maindasitiri ane mukurumbira anosanganisira tekinoroji yesimba remagetsi (senge turbines emhepo uye solar panels), chikafu chakaita semafuta omuorivhi newaini inogadzirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana muSpain. 4. Zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika: Nepo Spain ichitengesa kunze kupfuura yainotenga kunze kwenyika nekuda kwekusimba kwayo kwemaindasitiri, ichiri kuvimba nekutenga kunze kwenyika kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sesimba rekushandisa (mafuta negesi) kuzadzisa zvido zvayo zvemumba. 5. Trade Surplus: Mumakore achangopfuura, Spain yagara ichiunza imwe mari yekutengeserana nekuda kwemaitiro ayo ekusimudzira mari yekunze muzvikamu zvakasiyana pamwe nekuita kwakasimba kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika. 6. Intercontinental Trade: Nehukama hwenhoroondo kuLatin America kuburikidza nenhaka yekoloni kana kubatana kwemitauro (nyika dzinotaura chiSpanish), makambani eSpanish akawedzera kuvepo kwawo ikoko nekudyara muzvirongwa zvezvivakwa kana kupa mabasa ehunyanzvi. 7.Trade Relationships mukati meEU: Kuve nhengo inoshanda yeEuropean Union kubvira 1986 inobvumira mabhizinesi eSpanish kuwana nyore kune dzimwe nhengo dzenhengo pasina kusangana nezvipingamupinyi zvakakura pakutengesa zvinhu kana masevhisi. 8.Growing Services Sector Exports:Kunyangwe zvichizivikanwa nezvezvinhu zvinobatika zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika; parizvino maitirwo anonangidzirwa mukusimbisa tekinoroji masevhisi chikamu zvakare icho chinosanganisira IT mhinduro zvikwata zvekusimudzira zvinopa software zvinodiwa muEurope yese kana mafemu ekushambadzira edhijitari anonangana nevatengi vanobva kumarudzi akasiyana. Hunhu hweSpain hwemaindasitiri, nzvimbo, uye nhengo muEU zvakaiisa semutambi akakosha mukutengeserana kwenyika. Kutengeswa kwenyika-kwakatarisana nehupfumi uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa zvinobvumira hukama hwakasimba hwekutengeserana nevaviri vekuEurope nevepasirese.

Spain ine mukana wakakura wekuvandudza musika wayo wekutengesa kunze. Iine nzvimbo ine hunyanzvi muEurope, inoshanda senzira yakanaka yekuenda kuEuropean Union nemisika yeLatin America. Zvivakwa zvemunyika zvakagadziridzwa, zvinosanganisira zviteshi zvezvikepe zvemazuva ano nenhandare dzendege, zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvifambiswe zvakanaka. Spain inozivikanwa nechikamu chayo chekurima chakasimba, ichigadzira michero yemhando yepamusoro, miriwo, waini, uye mafuta emuorivhi. Izvi zvinoisa nyika semutengesi anoyevedza pamusika wepasi rose. Uyezve, Spain ine nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzeindasitiri kubva kumotokari kuenda kumagetsi emagetsi anovandudzwa. Hunyanzvi hwayo mumaindasitiri aya hunopa mikana yekuendesa kunze zvigadzirwa zvine hunyanzvi. Hurumende yeSpain inoshingairira kukurudzira mari yekune dzimwe nyika nekupa zvinokurudzira zvakaita sekuzorora mutero uye maitiro akakwenenzverwa ehurumende. Kuedza uku kwakakwezva makambani epasi rose kuti atange kuvepo kwavo muSpain, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera kwayo kunze kwenyika. Pamusoro pezvo, indasitiri yekushanya yeSpain iri kubudirira nekuda kwemahombekombe ayo akanaka, tsika dzakapfuma, nenzvimbo dzenhoroondo. Izvi zvinopa mikana yekuwedzera kutengeswa kunze kwenyika sevhisi sevhisi uye zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nekushanya. Uyezve, Spain ine vashandi vane hunyanzvi vane hunyanzvi hwekuita nhanho dzedzidzo muzvikamu zvakasiyana. Hunhu uhu hunogonesa kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva uye masevhisi anogona kutengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinobudirira. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kubvuma kuti kune matambudziko mumusika wekutengesa wekunze weSpanish zvakare. Nyika yakatarisana nemakwikwi kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzeEU dzine hunyanzvi hwekutengesa kunze. Pamusoro pezvo, kushanduka kwehupfumi kunogona kukanganisa kudiwa kwevatengi pasi rose. Pakazara zvakadaro, nenzvimbo yayo ine hunyanzvi, maindasitiri akasiyana sezvekurima nekugadzira zvikamu pamwe nerutsigiro rwehurumende rwekudyara kunze kwenyika zvinoita kuti Spain ive nyika inovimbisa yekuongorora mikana yekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika.

Kana zvasvika pakutsvaga zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa zvinopisa mumusika weSpain wekune dzimwe nyika, zvakakosha kufunga nezvetsika nehupfumi hwenyika. 1. Gastronomy: Spain inozivikanwa netsika yayo yekubika, zvichiita kuti chikafu nezvinwiwa zvive chikamu chinopa mari. Akanyudzwa mutsika yetapas, mafuta emuorivhi eSpanish, waini, chizi, uye ham yakarapwa zvinhu zvinokosheswa zvikuru munyika nekune dzimwe nyika. 2. Mafashoni uye Zvipfeko: Spain yakawana kuzivikanwa kweindasitiri yayo yemafashoni mumakore apfuura. Kunyanya, zvinhu zvedehwe zveSpanish zvakaita semabhegi neshangu zvine kukosha kwepasirese nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwekuita. 3. Zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nekushanya: Seimwe yenzvimbo dzepamusoro dzevashanyi pasi rese, Spain inopa mikana yakawanda yezvinhu zvine chekuita nekushanya sezviyeuchidzo, zvigadzirwa zvemaoko zvemuno (kusanganisira midziyo yehari kana flamenco), zvipfeko zvechinyakare / zvechinyakare zvekutengesa. 4. Renewable Energy Products: Nekuwedzera kutarisisa kwekusimudzira pasi rose, Spain inotungamira mune renewable energy technologies senge solar panels kana mhepo turbines kugadzira. Kuendesa kunze aya zvigadziriso zvakasvibirira zvinogona kuenderana nekuwedzera kudiwa kwenyika. 5. Cosmetics & Skincare: Indasitiri yerunako yekuSpain iri kusimukira nemhando dzine mukurumbira dzinopa zvizorwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvakapfumiswa nezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakaita semafuta omuorivhi kana aloe vera. 6. Mushongedzo Wepamba & Furniture: Zvinowanzobatanidzwa nekunaka uye kugozha pakati pevaSpanish zvimedu zvekushongedza zvemba zvakasarudzika senge ceramics kubva kuAndalusia kana fenicha inoratidza yechinyakare Spanish motifs inokwezva kune vese vagari venzvimbo nevatengi pasi rose. 7. Chikamu cheTekinoroji neMagetsi: Sehupfumi hwepamberi, Spain inodada nemakambani ehunyanzvi ehunyanzvi anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinosanganisira mafoni/mahwendefa, midziyo inopfekeka, kana masisitimu emagetsi epamba; kutarisa munzvimbo idzi kunogona kutungamirira kukubudirira kwekupinda mumusika. Kunyatsosarudza zvigadzirwa zvinotengesa zvinopisa mune chero musika wekunze seSpain: - Ita tsvakiridzo yemusika: Nzwisisa zvinodiwa nevatengi kuburikidza neongororo / kubvunzurudza -Ongorora vakwikwidzi: Ziva zvakabudirira chigadzirwa niches uchifunga nezvemagapu kudzivirira kukwikwidza kunorema - Ongorora Logistics & mirau zvine chekuita nezvinhu (tsika mabasa, zvinodiwa zvitupa, nezvimwewo) -Tsvaga kudyidzana nevashambadziri vemunharaunda / nyanzvi kufambisa kupinda mumusika - Adapt kurongedza, zvekushambadzira zvinhu uye tsananguro yechigadzirwa kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa nevatengi veSpanish - Tarisa maitiro emusika nguva nenguva kuti ugare pamberi peiyo curve. Pakazere, kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwetsika yeSpain, mamiriro ehupfumi, uye maitiro evatengi kwakakosha pakusarudza zvikamu zvechigadzirwa zvinoratidza mukana wekudiwa kukuru uye kubudirira mumusika wekutengeserana wekunze.

Spain, iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope, inozivikanwa nenhoroondo yayo yakapfuma, tsika ine simba, uye mutsa unodziya. Vanhu veSpain vanowanzo shamwaridzana uye vanogamuchira vashanyi. Vanodada netsika dzavo dzechivanhu netsika. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti uzive humwe hunhu hwevatengi uye taboos paunoshanyira Spain. Vatengi veSpanish vanokoshesa hukama hwemunhu uye vanosarudza kushamwaridzana uye kushamwaridzana nemabhizinesi. Kuvaka kuvimbana kwakakosha kumisikidza yakabudirira hukama hwebhizinesi muSpain. Zvakajairika kuti vokuSpain vaite hurukuro duku vasati vakurukura nyaya dzebhizimisi senzira yokuumba nayo batano yomunhu oga. Kutarisira nguva kunogona kusiyana nedzimwe tsika, sezvo vanhu vokuSpain vanokoshesa upenyu hwemhuri uye kushamwaridzana. Misangano inowanzotanga kunonoka kana kuti inotora nguva yakareba kupfuura yakarongwa nekuda kwehurukuro dzisina kurongwa kana mikana yekushamwaridzana inomuka panguva yekuungana. Mukutaura kwekudya kwekudya, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kudya kwemasikati ndiko kudya kukuru kwezuva muSpain. Vatengi veSpain vanokoshesa kudya kwekuzorora kwavanogona kuzorora uye kunakidzwa nekudya kwavo pamwe nekukurukurirana kwakanaka. Kudya zvekumhanya-mhanya kana kukumbira bhiri nekukurumidza kunogona kunzi kusaremekedza. Uyezve, kubata nguva hakugone kusimbiswa zvakanyanya mumagariro asi kunoramba kwakakosha pakugadzwa kwehunyanzvi kana misangano yebhizinesi. Pamusoro petsika dzokupa zvipo, nepo zvisingadikanwi kupa zvipo mukati memisangano yokutanga kana kuti nhaurirano nevatengi vokuSpain, kana vakokwa kumba kwomumwe munhu nokuda kwechisvusvuro chemanheru kana kuti mhemberero (yakadai seKisimusi), uchiunza chipo chiduku sechokoreti kana kuti bhodhoro rewaini. sechiratidzo chekutenda chinowanzoitwa muSpain. Izvo zvakakosha kuti udzivise misoro yakaoma yakadai sezvematongerwo enyika kana misiyano yedunhu paunenge uchibatana nevatengi veSpain nekuda kwekunetsana kwenhoroondo kuchiri kuitika nhasi maererano neshuviro yerusununguko rwemamwe matunhu. Pakazere, kunzwisisa aya hunhu hwevatengi kunogona kubatsira kumisikidza kudyidzana kwakanaka uku uchidzivirira zvingangoitika pakuita bhizinesi kana kushamwaridzana nevanhu vanobva kuSpain.

Spain, iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope, ine tsika dzakanyatsogadziriswa uye hurongwa hwekudzora muganhu. Nyika yakadzika mitemo yakasimba kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa nekuchengetedzeka kwemiganhu yayo. Kana uchipinda kana kubva kuSpain, pane mashoma akakosha mapoinzi ekuchengeta mupfungwa. Chekutanga, zvakakosha kuve nemagwaro ekufambisa anoshanda. Vagari vasiri veEuropean Union vanofanirwa kuve nepasipoti inoshanda neinosvika mwedzi mitanhatu yasara. Vagari veEU vanogona kufamba mukati meSchengen Area vachishandisa makadhi avo ekuzivikanwa kwenyika. Zvinhu zvinounzwa nekutorwa kubva kuSpain zvinoiswa pasi pemitemo yetsika. Vafambi vanofanira kuzivisa chero zvinhu zvinodarika mimwe miganho kana kuti zvinoda mvumo dzakakosha sepfuti, zvigadzirwa zvekudya, kana zvigadzirwa zvetsika. Kubvumidzwa kwemahara padoro, zvigadzirwa zvefodya, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kushanda. Panhandare dzendege dzeSpain uye zviteshi zvegungwa, maofficial officer anowanzo ongorora zvisina tsarukano kune zvinodhaka nezvimwe zvinhu zvinorambidzwa. Zvakakosha kusatakura chero mishonga isingabvumirwe kupinda munyika sezvo zvirango zvakaomarara zvinogona kupihwa kana zvikabatwa. Vashanyi vanofanirawo kuziva zvirambidzo pamari yekupinza kana kutengesa kunze kwenyika. Kana yakatakura inodarika € 10,000 (kana yakaenzana mune imwe mari), inofanirwa kuziviswa pakusvika kana kuenda. Zvakare, vafambi vanobva kunyika dzisiri dzeEU vanofanirwa kujairana nezvinodiwa zvevisa vasati vaenda kuSpain. Vagari vasingabhadharwi neVisa vanowanzogara mazuva anosvika makumi mapfumbamwe mukati memazuva zana nemakumi masere nekuda kwekushanya asi vangangoda mavhiza chaiwo ebasa kana kudzidza. Pamusoro pezvo, vafambi vanosvika kubva kunze kweEU vanogona kuenda nekuwedzera cheki dzekuchengetedza dzine chekuita nehutano hwakaita seCCIDID-19 yekuongorora mapuroteni akaiswa nevakuru veSpain. Pakazara, kana uchipinda kana kubva kumiganhu yeSpain: 1) Takura magwaro ekufambisa akakodzera. 2) Teerera nemitemo yetsika: Zivisa zvinhu zvinorambidzwa kana zvichidiwa. 3) Usatakura zvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo - chirango chakakomba chinoshanda. 4) Ngwarira zvirambidzo zvemari. 5) Nzwisisa zvinodiwa visa usati wafamba. 6) Tevedzera zvine chekuita nehutano kupinda zvinodiwa panguva yedenda seCOVID-19. Nekutevedzera aya madhiraivha, vafambi vanogona kufamba muSpanish tsika nekudzora muganhu system mushe apo vachiona kuteedzera mirau yenzvimbo.

YeSpain's import duty policy yakagadzirirwa kudzora nekudzora kupinda kwezvinhu munyika kubva kunze. Hurumende yeSpain inoisa mitero chaiyo pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kuchengetedza maindasitiri emumba, kuunza mari, uye kuona kukwikwidza kwakanaka. Mitemo yekupinza zvinhu muSpain inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa, kwachakabva, uye kupatsanurwa kwacho pasi pezvibvumirano zvekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika. Iyo Harmonized System (HS) kodhi inoshandiswa kurongedza zvinhu uye kuona inodiwa yetsika. Kune marudzi akasiyana emitengo yakavakirwa pa ad valorem kana mareti chaiwo. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha sechikafu kana zvekushandisa pakurapa zvinogona kunge zvakadzikisa kana zero mitengo yemitero kusimudzira kuwanikwa kwazvo nemitengo yakaringana yevatengi. Sezvineiwo, zvinhu zveumbozha zvakaita semagetsi ekupedzisira kana zvigadzirwa zvemafashoni zvinowanzotarisana nemitengo yakakwira. Kuti uverenge mutero wekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika kuSpain, munhu anofanirwa kufunga nezve kukosha kwakaziviswa kwezvinhu zvinobva kunze kwenyika, mari yekufambisa, mari yeinishuwarenzi, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoenderana. Maverengero aya anobva pamitemo yekukosheswa kwemitengo yakadzikwa nezvibvumirano zvepasi rose seWorld Trade Organisation (WTO) Customs Valuation Agreement. Pamusoro pemitero yakajairika, Spain inogona kuwedzera mimwe mitero yakadai semutero-wakawedzerwa mutero (VAT) kana mutero wekushandisa pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika pamatanho akasiyana ekugovera kwavo mukati menyika. Spain zvakare ine zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika zvinogona kukanganisa mutemo wayo wekutengesa kunze. Semuenzaniso, kana Spain iine chibvumirano chekutengeserana mahara neimwe nyika inobvisa kana kuderedza mutero wezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinounzwa kubva ikoko. Pakazere, mutemo wekupinza mutero weSpain unotsvaga kuenzanisa pakati pekuchengetedza maindasitiri emumba uku uchiona kuti vatengi vanogona kutenga. Inofambirana nemirairo yekutengeserana pasi rose uye inofunga nezvezvibvumirano zvemubatanidzwa zvine chinangwa chekusimudzira kudyidzana kwehupfumi nedzimwe nyika.

Spain ine mutemo wemutero uripo wezvinhu zvayo zvekutengesa kunze kwenyika kuti zvidzore mutero wezvigadzirwa izvi. Nyika inotevedzera mutemo weEuropean Union (EU) wecommon commercial policy, uyo une chinangwa chekuona kukwikwidza kwakanaka uye kuchengetedza maindasitiri emumba. Kazhinji, Spain haiteresi mitero chaiyo pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Nekudaro, zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuSpain zviri pasi pemutero-wakawedzerwa mutero (VAT) zvichienderana nemirairo yeEU. Mutengo weVAT unoshanda unoenderana nerudzi rwezvinhu zviri kutengeswa kunze kwenyika. Pazvinhu zvakawanda, mwero weVAT we21% unobhadhariswa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanotengesera kunze kwenyika vanofanira kusanganisira mutero uyu pamutengo wezvigadzirwa zvavo kana vachizvitengesa kunze kwenyika. Nekudaro, kana iyo kunze kwenyika inokodzera zero-yakatemerwa VAT pasi pemitemo yeEU, hapana mimwe mitero inobhadharwa nevanotengesa kunze. Kuti ukwanise kuwana zero-yakatemerwa VAT, mamwe mamiriro anofanirwa kuzadzikiswa. Semuenzaniso, kutumira kunze kwenyika kune dzisiri dzeEU kana zvinhu zvine hukama zvakananga nesevhisi yekufambisa yepasirese kazhinji hazvibhadharwe paVAT. Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinogona kukodzera kuderedzwa mitengo kana kuregererwa zvichienderana nemaindasitiri chaiwo kana zvibvumirano nevadyidzani vekutengesa. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti macustoms anogona kushandawo kana uchitumira kunze zvinhu kubva kuSpain kuenda kunyika dzisiri dzeEU zvichibva pazvibvumirano zvekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika nemitengo yakadzikwa nenyika idzodzo kana matunhu. Pakazere, nepo Spain ichitevera mutemo weEU wekutengeserana wakajairika maererano nemitero pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika nekushandisa mutero-wakawedzerwa mutero zvinoenderana nemitengo yakasiyana uye kuregererwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye zvibvumirano nevadyidzani vekutengesa zvaishanda, hapana mutero chaiwo unotemerwa kune kunze kwenyika mukati meSpain. pacharo.

Spain inozivikanwa nekuda kwehupfumi hwayo hwakasiyana uye huri kusimukira, nekutengesa kunze kuri chinhu chakakosha chiri kubatsira. Kuti ive nechokwadi chemhando uye huchokwadi hwezvinhu izvi zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, Spain yakatemesa maitiro ekupa zvitupa kunze kwenyika. Hurumende yeSpain, kuburikidza nebazi reEconomy and Competitiveness, inoona nezve kupihwa zvitupa kunze kwenyika. Chiremera chikuru chine basa rekupa zvitupa kunze kwenyika iSpanish Institute for Foreign Trade (ICEX). Vanoshanda pamwe chete nemamwe masangano ehurumende kuti vaone kuti zvigadzirwa zvinosangana nedzimwe nyika uye kutevedzera mitemo yekutengeserana. ICEX inopa akasiyana marudzi ezvitupa kunze kwenyika zvichienderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa chiri kutengeswa kunze kwenyika. Chitupa chimwe chakakosha Chitupa cheMavambo, chinosimbisa kuti chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa kana kugadziriswa muSpain. Gwaro iri rinoita kuti pave nekujeka mumaitiro ekutengeserana uye rinobatsira kudzivirira chitsotsi kana kuti zvinhu zvemanyepo kupinda mumisika yekunze. Imwe yakakosha certification ndeye CE yekumaka. Mucherechedzo uyu unoratidza kuti chigadzirwa chinoenderana neEuropean Union kuchengetedza, hutano, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvinotaridza kuti zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zveSpanish zvinosangana neEU zviyero uye zvinogona kutengeswa zvakasununguka mukati menhengo dzenhengo. Pamusoro pezvo, zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, zvitupa zvakati zvinogona kudiwa. Semuyenzaniso, zvigadzirwa zvechikafu zvinofanirwa kutevedzera mirairo yekuchengetedza chikafu inotungamirwa nemasangano ehurumende akadai seSpanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN). Saizvozvo, zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvinoda kutevedzera phytosanitary matanho anopihwa neBazi rezvekurima. Spain inoitawo zvibvumirano zvekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika kufambisa kutengeserana kwenyika. Zvibvumirano izvi zvinopa kucherechedzwa kwekuwirirana kwemaitiro ekuongorora maitiro pakati peSpain nevanotengeserana nayo uku vachiona kuteedzera mitemo yenyika. Zvakakodzera kuti titaure kuti kuwana zvitupa zvinodiwa kunosanganisira kuomesera magwaro kutumira pamwe nekuongorora kana ongororo dzinoitwa nezviremera zvakakodzera. Vatengesi vekunze vanorayirwa kuti vajairane nezvinodiwa kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvavo vasati vatanga chero zviitiko zvekutengesa kunze kubva kuSpain. Muchidimbu, nzira yeSpain yekupa zvitupa kunze ine chinangwa chekuvimbisa nhanho dzekudzora mhando uchisangana nezviyero zvepasi rose zvakatarwa nenyika dzinopinza. Nyika inokoshesa kuve pachena mukuita kwekutengeserana kuburikidza nemaitirwo echokwadi echokwadi, kuve nechokwadi chekuti kutengesa kunze kwenyika kweSpanish kwakavimbika uye kuvimbwa pasi rese.

Spain inyika iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope, inozivikanwa nehupfumi hwayo hwetsika uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana. Kana zvasvika kune zvekutakura uye masevhisi ekufambisa, Spain inopa akati wandei sarudzo dzakanakisa kumabhizinesi uye nevanhu. Chekutanga, Spain ine network yakakura yezvifambiso zvezvifambiso inofambisa zvinhu zvakanaka. Nyika ine migwagwa yakachengetwa uye migwagwa mikuru inobatanidza maguta akasiyana nematunhu mukati meSpain, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutakura zvinhu munyika yose. Pamusoro pezvo, Spain ine njanji yakasimba inopa yakavimbika masevhisi ekufambisa ekutakura zvinhu. Panyaya yemasevhisi ekutakura zvinhu nendege, Spain imusha kune nhandare dzendege dzakawanda dzakabatikana dzine nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekutakura zvinhu. Iyo Barcelona-El Prat Airport neMadrid-Barajas Airport inzvimbo mbiri huru uko mabhizinesi anogona kutumira kana kugamuchira zvinhu zviri nyore kuburikidza nendege. Idzi nhandare dzendege dzakatsaurira nzvimbo dzekutakura zvinhu dzakashongedzerwa tekinoroji yemazuva ano kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda zvakanaka. Uyezve, Spain ine zviteshi zvezvikepe zvepasi rose zvinobata zvakakura zvekutengesa mugungwa. The Port of Valencia mumwe muenzaniso wakadaro; inoshanda segedhi guru rekutengesa kunze uye kunze kwenyika kubva kumaodzanyemba kweEurope. Iine zviteshi zvechizvino-zvino-zvino-zvigadziro uye maitiro anobudirira etsika, chiteshi ichi chinopa nzira dzakavimbika dzekutumira kune mabhizinesi anotarisa kutakura zvinhu negungwa. Pamusoro pezvivakwa zvemuviri, Spain zvakare inogara akawanda makambani ekutakura zvinhu anopa akakwana ekugadzirisa cheni mhinduro. Aya makambani anopa akawanda masevhisi akadai sekuchengetedza, kugovera manejimendi, kubvumidzwa kwetsika, uye kutakura zvinhu. Vamwe vanozivikanwa vanopa zvinhu muSpain vanosanganisira DHL Supply Chain, DB Schenker Logistics Ibérica S.L.U., Kühne + Nagel Logistics S.A., pakati pevamwe. Zvakare, kana iwe uchitsvaga ehunyanzvi hwekufambisa masevhisi mumaindasitiri akaita semishonga kana zvinhu zvinoparara - inotonhora cheni yekutakura zvinhu seNorbert Dentressangle Iberica kana Dachs España inopa tembiricha-inodzorwa yekuchengetedza nzvimbo uye zvigadziriso zvekufambisa zvinovimbisa kutendeseka kwezvinhu zvinonzwisisika panguva yekufamba. Pakazere, Citas Import Export Solutions ndege dzeLogística s.l.isarudzo yakanaka nekuda kweruzivo rwavo rwakakura mumunda, network yakasimba, uye kuzvipira kune yakanakisa sevhisi yevatengi. Mukupedzisa, Spain inopa yakavimbika uye inoshanda logistics network iyo inosanganisira dzakasiyana nzira dzekufambisa dzinosanganisira migwagwa, njanji, masevhisi ekutakura mhepo, uye zviteshi zvegungwa. Neakawanda makambani ekutakura zvinhu anopa akakwana ekugadzirisa cheni mhinduro, mabhizinesi anogona kuwana akakodzera sarudzo kune avo chaiwo zvavanoda. Kungave kuri mukati menyika kana kufambiswa kwepasirese, Spain ine zvivakwa uye hunyanzvi hwekubata huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvinodiwa.

Zviratidziro zvakakosha zvekutengeserana

Spain inyika ine mukurumbira kana zvasvika pakutenga kune dzimwe nyika. Inopa akati wandei akakosha chiteshi kune vatengi uye anotambira akasiyana akakosha ekutengeserana anoratidza. Idzi nzira dzinoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira hukama, network, uye kutsvaga mikana yekuwedzera bhizinesi. Chekutanga, imwe yenzira dzakatanhamara dzevatengi vekunze muSpain iri kuburikidza nemakamuri ekutengeserana kana masangano ebhizinesi. Aya masangano anoshanda semapuratifomu akakosha ekubatanidza nevatengesi veSpanish nevagadziri muzvikamu zvakasiyana. Ivo vanopa nhungamiro, rutsigiro, uye kuronga zviitiko zvakasiyana kufambisa kusangana kwevatengi-vatengesi. Chechipiri, masangano ehurumende eSpain akadai seICEX (Spanish Institute for Foreign Trade) anoshingairira kusimudzira hukama hwekutengeserana pakati pemakambani eSpain nevatengi vepasirese. Ivo vanopa masevhisi kubva pakutsvagisa kwemusika kusvika kuzviitiko zvemachisi, zvichibvumira vatengi vekunze kuti vaongorore kudyidzana kungangoita nemabhizinesi eSpanish. Uyezve, Spain yakamisa nzvimbo dzekutengeserana dzemahara (FTZs) dzinokwezva vatengi vepasi rose vanotsvaga sarudzo dzekutenga dzinodhura. Aya maFTZ anopa kurudziro yemutero, maitiro akakwenenzverwa etsika, uye zvivakwa zvezvivakwa zvinobatsira kune zviitiko zvepasi rose. Zvakare, Spain inobata akati wandei akakosha ekutengeserana fairs anokwezva vatengi vekunze kubva kumaindasitiri akasiyana. Mimwe mienzaniso yakakurumbira inosanganisira: 1. Mobile World Congress: Imwe yezviratidziro zvakakura kwazvo zvetekinoroji inoitwa pasi rose gore rega rega muBarcelona inokwezva vatungamiriri veindasitiri vari kutsvaga nzira dzekugadzirisa nharembozha. 2. FITUR: Mutambo mukuru wekushanyirwa wakaitirwa muMadrid unopa mikana kune vemasangano ekufambisa, vanoita zvekushanya, vane mahotera kuti varatidze zvigadzirwa/mabasa avo kune vamwe pasi rese. 3.GIfTEXPO: Iyi International Gift Fair ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvipo zvemhando yepamusoro zvinosanganisira mabasa emaoko, 4.Fruit Kukwezva: Chiitiko chakakosha chakatarisana nemichero nemiriwo chinokwezva vatengesi vezvekurima vepasi rose vachitsvaga zvigadzirwa zveSpanish, 5.CEVISAMA: Ichi chiratidziro chine mukurumbira checeramic tile chakaitwa muValencia chinounza pamwechete nyanzvi dzeindasitiri vanofarira zvazvino maitiro uye hutsva hune chekuita neceramics, Zviratidziro izvi zvinoshanda semapuratifomu akakodzera apo vatengi vepasi rese vanogona kusangana nevanogona vatengesi vakatarisana vachigara vachigadziridzwa pamusoro pemafambiro emusika ari kusimukira mukati mezvikamu zvavo. Mukupedzisa, j kune vatengi vepasirese, Spain inopa nzira dzakasiyana dzakakosha dzekuvandudza hukama hwekutengeserana nemabhizinesi eSpanish. Chamber of commerce, masangano ehurumende, uye nzvimbo dzekutengeserana dzemahara dzinopa chimiro chetsigiro chinodiwa, ukuwo mashoo ekutengeserana uye zviratidziro zvinopa mikana yekudyidzana zvakananga nevanogona vatengesi. Idzi nzira dzinobatsira zvakanyanya mukumira kweSpain senzvimbo inoyevedza yekuenda kune dzimwe nyika zviitiko zvekutenga.

Common search engines

MuSpain, kune dzinoverengeka dzinowanzoshandiswa kutsvaga injini. Heano mamwe eanonyanya kufarirwa pamwe neavo mawebhusaiti maURL: 1. Google: Injini yekutsvaga inonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose, zvakare inozivikanwa zvakanyanya kuSpain. Vanhu vanokwanisa kuiwana pa www.google.es. 2. Bing: Imwe injini yekutsvaga inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose, Bing inowanzoshandiswa muSpain. Unogona kuzviwana pa www.bing.com. 3. Yahoo: Kunyangwe mukurumbira weYahoo wakadzikira nekufamba kwemakore, ichiri inowanzoshandiswa kutsvaga injini muSpain. Webhusaiti yayo URL ndeye www.yahoo.es. 4. DuckDuckGo: Inozivikanwa nekukoshesa kuvanzika kwevashandisi uye kusateedzera ruzivo rwemunhu, DuckDuckGo yave nemukurumbira seimwe sarudzo yekutsvaga injini muSpain zvakare. Webhusaiti yayo URL ndeye duckduckgo.com/es. 5. Yandex: Yandex inyanzvi yekutsvaga yekuRussia inopa mibairo yekutsvaga pawebhu uye masevhisi epamhepo kune vashandisi vanotaura chiSpanish zvakare. Vanhu muSpain vanogona kuwana masevhisi ayo kuburikidza ne www.yandex.es. Ndokumbira utarise kuti iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma yeinjini dzekutsvaga dzinowanzo shandiswa muSpain, uye panogona kunge paine dzimwe sarudzo dzedunhu kana dzehunyanzvi dzinowanikwawo.

Mapeji makuru eyero

Mapeji makuru eSpain ero anosanganisira: 1. Paginas Amarillas (https://www.paginasamarillas.es/): Iri ndiro dhairekitori reyero remapeji muSpain, rinopa runyoro rwakakwana rwemabhizimisi muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. 2. QDQ Media (https://www.qdq.com/): QDQ Media inopa dhairekitori repamhepo remabhizinesi muSpain, richibvumira vashandisi kutsvaga vanobatika nenzira dzakasiyana senge nzvimbo, indasitiri, uye masevhisi. 3. 11870 (https://www.11870.com/): 11870 inzvimbo yakakurumbira yepamhepo apo vashandisi vanogona kuwana ruzivo rwemabhizinesi muSpain. Iyo zvakare ine wongororo uye zviyero kubva kune vamwe vashandisi. 4. Guía Telefónica de España (https://www.guiatelefonicadeespana.com/): Iri dhairekitori rinopa mazita emabhizinesi nenyanzvi muSpain yese, yakakamurwa neguta kana dunhu. 5. Directorio de Empresas de España (https://empresas.hospitalet.cat/es/home.html): Iri ibhuku rebhizimisi repamutemo rinochengetwa neHospitalet City Council muCatalonia rinosanganisira mazita emakambani nemasangano mumaindasitiri akasiyana. 6. Infobel Spain Business Directory (https://infobel.com/en/spain/business): Infobel inopa dhairekitori rebhizinesi repamhepo rinofukidza nyika dzakati wandei kusanganisira Spain, inopa ruzivo rwemhando dzakasiyana dzemakambani. 7. Kompass - Spanish Yellow Mapeji (https://es.kompass.com/business-directory/spain/dir-01/page-1): Kompass inopa mukana kune yakazara database yemakambani eSpanish anotora zvikamu zvakasiyana, achibvumira vashandisi tsvaga zvichienderana nemaitiro chaiwo senge indasitiri kana saizi yekambani. Iyi ingori mishoma mienzaniso yeakakura yero mapeji madhairekitori anowanikwa muSpain. Rangarira kuti dhairekitori rega rega rinogona kuve nehunyanzvi hwaro kana nzvimbo dzekutarisa zvichienderana nenzvimbo yakavharwa kana mamwe masevhisi anopihwa.

Nzvimbo huru dzekutengeserana

Spain, nyika yakanaka muSouthern Europe, yakabuda seimwe yenyika dzinotungamira maererano nemapuratifomu e-commerce. Heano mamwe makuru e-commerce mapuratifomu muSpain pamwe nemawebhusaiti avo: 1. Amazon Spain: Sehofori yenyika dzakawanda, Amazon inotora nzvimbo yakakurumbira mumusika weSpain. Inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana. Webhusaiti: https://www.amazon.es/ 2. El Corte Inglés: Iyi ndeimwe yemacheni makuru emudhipatimendi weSpain akawedzera kusvika pamusika wepamhepo. Inopa zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana siyana zvinosanganisira fashoni, zvemagetsi, uye midziyo yemumba. Webhusaiti: https://www.elcorteingles.es/ 3. AliExpress: Yakabva kuChina asi iine vatengi vakakosha muSpain, AliExpress inozivikanwa nemitengo yayo isingadhuri uye sarudzo yakakura yezvigadzirwa muzvikamu zvakawanda. Webhusaiti: https://es.aliexpress.com/ 4. eBay Spain: Imwe yepasirese inonyanya kuzivikanwa online auction uye yekutengesa mawebhusaiti, eBay inoshandawo kuSpain uko vashandisi vanogona kutenga zvese zvitsva uye zvakashandiswa zvinhu zviri nyore. Webhusaiti: https://www.ebay.es/ 5.JD.com : JD.com yaita mucherechedzo wayo semutengesi mukuru weChina asi yawedzerawo pasi rose kuenda kunyika dzakaita seSpain ichipa zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvakaita semagetsi, mbatya, runako nezvimwe .Website :https://global.jd .com/es 6.Worten : Mutengesi ane mukurumbira wekuSpain anonyanya kushandisa zvemagetsi zvevatengi uye midziyo yemumba inoshandisa zvese online uye kuburikidza nezvitoro zvinobatika munyika yese.Webhusaiti :https://www.worten.es 7.MediaMarkt ES : Mumwe mutengi ane mukurumbira wekutengesa zvemagetsi anoshanda munyika dzakawanda kusanganisira Spain.Inopa huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakaita sema smartphones,laptops nezvimwe.Webhusaiti :https://www.mediamarkt.es/ Iyi ingori mimwe mienzaniso yemapuratifomu makuru e-e-commerce anobatsira vatengi mukati meSpain.Anopa vatengi mukana wakareruka wezvinhu zvakawanda zvinotengeswa kubva pasi rese.Kushanda nemapuratifomu aya kunoita kuti vanhu vekuSpain vanakirwe nekureruka kwekutenga online.

Nzvimbo huru dzesocial media

MuSpain, kune akati wandei anozivikanwa social media mapuratifomu anobatanidza vanhu uye kukurudzira kutaurirana. Heano mamwe eanowanzo shandiswa pasocial network muSpain, pamwe nemaURL anoenderana: 1. Facebook - https://www.facebook.com Facebook ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasocial network pasi rese, kusanganisira kuSpain. Vashandisi vanogona kubatana neshamwari uye mhuri, kugovana zvigadziriso, mafoto, mavhidhiyo, uye kujoinha akasiyana mapoka ekuda. 2. Instagram - https://www.instagram.com Instagram ipuratifomu inotaridzika zvikuru iyo vashandisi vanogona kugovera mafoto nemavhidhiyo mapfupi. Yakawana mukurumbira wakakura muSpain pamwe nepasirese nekuda kwekutarisa kwayo pane zvinoonekwa zvemukati. 3. Twitter - https://twitter.com Twitter inoita kuti vashandisi vatumire mameseji mapfupi anonzi "tweets" anosvika mazana maviri nemakumi masere mavara. Inoshanda seye-chaiyo-nguva yekugovana ruzivo-yekugovana chikuva uko vashandisi vanogona kutevera vamwe uye kuita hurukuro vachishandisa hashtag. 4. LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com LinkedIn inyanzvi yewebhu saiti inobvumira vanhu kuti vagadzire maprofile anoratidza hunyanzvi hwavo, dzidzo, ruzivo rwebasa, uye zvavakawana. Inobatsira nyanzvi kuwedzera network yavo yehunyanzvi nekubatana nevanoshanda navo kana vangangove vashandirwi. 5. TikTok - https://www.tiktok.com TikTok ipuratifomu yekugadzira yekugovera mapfupi-fomu mavhidhiyo kubva pamiromo-kuwiriranisa mitambo kusvika kune inosekesa skits kana matambiro ekutamba anozivikanwa pakati pezvizvarwa zvidiki muSpain. 6. WhatsApp - https://www.whatsapp.com Kunyange isingatariswe seyakajairwa social media platform per se; WhatsApp inoita basa rakakosha munharaunda yeSpanish nekuda kwekutaurirana kuburikidza nekutumira mameseji kana izwi / vhidhiyo kufona pakati pevanhu kana boka chats. 7.Kuwedzera kune aya mapuratifomu epasirese akanyorwa pamusoro ane zvakakosha mushandisi mabhesi mukati meSpanish nzanga; mamwe emuno eSpanish masocial network anosanganisira: Xing (https://www.xing.es) Tuenti (https://tuenti.es) Ndokumbira utarise kuti kufarirwa kwemapuratifomu aya kunogona kusiyana nekufamba kwenguva uye pakati pemapoka emazera akasiyana.

Masangano makuru eindasitiri

Spain ine hupfumi hwakapfuma uye hwakasiyana neakasiyana makuru maindasitiri masangano anomiririra zvikamu zvakasiyana. Heino runyorwa rwemamwe akakosha indasitiri mubatanidzwa muSpain pamwe neavo epamutemo mawebhusaiti: 1. Spanish Confederation of Business Organisations (CEOE) - inobata zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaindasitiri, kusanganisira kugadzira, kuvaka, kushanya, uye mari. Webhusaiti: http://www.ceoe.es 2. Spanish Association of Automotive Suppliers (SERNAUTO) - inomiririra makambani anobatanidzwa mukutengesa kwekambani yemotokari. Webhusaiti: http://www.sernauto.es 3. Spanish Confederation of Hotels uye Tourist Accommodation (CEHAT) - inomiririra zvido zvehotera uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara. Webhusaiti: https://www.cehat.com 4. Spanish Association for Renewable Energies (APPARE) - inotarisa pakusimudzira zvinogadziriswa zvakadai semhepo, solar, hydroelectric power. Webhusaiti: https://apppare.asociaciones.org/ 5. National Federation of Food Industries and Beverages (FIAB) - inomiririra indasitiri yezvekudya inosanganisira kugadzirisa, kugadzira, uye kugovera zvikamu. Webhusaiti: https://fiab.es/ 6. Spanish Photovoltaic Union (UNEF) - inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva kuburikidza ne photovoltaic systems. Webhusaiti: http://unefotovoltaica.org/ 7. National Association for Steelworks Producers muSpain (SIDEREX) - inomiririra makambani ekugadzira simbi anoshanda muSpain. Webhusaiti: http://siderex.com/en/ 8. Komiti Yevashandi Vendege Spain-Portugal (COCAE)- inomiririra vashandi vendege panyaya dzekushanda panhandare dzendege muSpain nePortugal. Webhusaiti: http://cocae.aena.es/en/home-en/ 9.Spanish Meterological Society(SEM)- inounza pamwechete nyanzvi dzinoita meteorology kana sainzi dzine hukama kusimudzira mikana yekutsvaga mukati mendima iyi. webhusaiti:http/https//sites.google.com/view/sociedad-semen/homespan> Iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma kubva kunhamba huru yemasangano muSpain. Imwe neimwe yemasangano aya inoita basa rakakosha mukumiririra, kusimudzira, nekupa rutsigiro kumaindasitiri avo.

Bhizinesi nekutengeserana mawebhusaiti

Kune akati wandei ehupfumi nekutengeserana mawebhusaiti muSpain anopa ruzivo nezvehupfumi hwenyika, kutengeserana, uye bhizinesi mikana. Heano mamwe acho pamwe nemakero avo ewebhusaiti: 1. Webhusaiti yeSpanish Chamber of Commerce: http://www.camaras.org/en/home/ Iyi webhusaiti inopa ruzivo rwakakwana nezvehupfumi hweSpain, zvikamu zvebhizinesi, rubatsiro rwekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, uye huwandu hwekutengesa. 2. Spain Global Trade Portal: https://www.spainbusiness.com/ Iyi puratifomu inopa ruzivo rwakakosha kumikana yebhizinesi reSpanish muzvikamu zvakawanda. Inosanganisira ruzivo rwemapurojekiti ekudyara, mishumo yemusika, masevhisi emabhangi emakambani, uye zviwanikwa zvekutengesa kune dzimwe nyika. 3. ICEX Spain Trade & Investment: https://www.icex.es/icex/es/index.html Webhusaiti yepamutemo yeICEX (Institute for Foreign Trade) inopa ruzivo rwakakura nezvekuita bhizinesi muSpain. Inopa gwara kumakambani ekunze anofarira kuisa mari kana kuwedzera mumusika weSpain. 4. Isai mari muSpain: http://www.investinspain.org/ Iyi portal yehurumende inopa zvemukati-zvine chekuita nekudyara zvakagadzirirwa zvikamu zvakasiyana senge kushanya, kuvandudza zvivakwa, zvivakwa zvezvivakwa, mapaki ehunyanzvi, mapurojekiti emagetsi anovandudzwa nezvimwe. 5. Official National Institute of Statistics (INE) webhusaiti: https://www.indexmundi.com/spain/economy_profile.html Webhusaiti yeINE inopa zviratidzo zvehupfumi senge GDP kukura mitengo; maitiro evanhu; data yakanangana neindasitiri; nhamba dzemusika wevashandi nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kubatsira mabhizinesi kuongorora mikana yekudyara. 6. Barcelona Activa Business Support Agency: http://w41.bcn.cat/activaciobcn/cat/tradebureau/welcome.jsp?espai_sp=1000 Yakatariswa zvakanyanya paBarcelona seyakakosha hupfumi hub mukati meSpain saiti ino inopa rutsigiro uye zviwanikwa kumabhizinesi emuno pamwe neavo vari kutsvaga kuseta mashandiro kana kuisa mari mudunhu. 7. Madrid Chamber of Commerce: https://www.camaramadrid.es/es-ES/Paginas/Home.aspx Webhusaiti yekamuri iyi inopa ruzivo nezvezviitiko zve network, bhizinesi masevhisi, uye kutengeserana fairs inoitirwa muMadrid uye inosimudzira kukura kwebhizinesi nemikana yekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika mudunhu. Aya mawebhusaiti anogona kushanda sezviwanikwa zvakakosha kune vanhu kana makambani ari kutsvaga kunzwisisa mamiriro ehupfumi eSpain, kuongorora mikana yekudyara, kana kutanga hukama hwebhizinesi munyika.

Trade data query mawebhusaiti

Kune akati wandei ekutengeserana data query mawebhusaiti anowanikwa kuSpain. Heino runyorwa rwevamwe vavo nema URL avo: 1. Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) - Iyi webhusaiti inopa yakazara data data uye nhamba dzeSpain. URL: https://www.ine.es/en/welcome.shtml 2. Bazi reIndasitiri, Kutengeserana, uye Kushanya - Webhusaiti yepamutemo yeBazi reHurumende yeSpain inopa ruzivo rwezvekutengeserana uye data. URL: https://www.mincotur.gob.es/en-us/Paginas/default.aspx 3. ICEX España Exportación e Inversiones - Iyi inzvimbo yepamutemo yehurumende yeSpain yekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika nekudyara kwekunze. URL: https://www.icex.es/icex/es/index.html 4. Banco de España (Bank of Spain) - Webhusaiti yebhangi guru inopa zviratidzo zvehupfumi zvinosanganisira data yekutengeserana. URL: http://www.bde.es/bde/en/ 5. Eurostat - Kunyange zvazvo isina kunyanyonanga kuSpain, Eurostat inounganidza huwandu hweEuropean Union hunosanganisira nhamba dzekutengeserana kwenyika dziri nhengo dzakaita seSpain. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/home Ndokumbira utarise kuti mamwe mawebhusaiti angangoda kusarudzwa mitauro kana kupa sarudzo dzekuona muChirungu kana dziripo papeji yavo yekutanga. Aya mawebhusaiti anokupa ruzivo rwechizvino-zvino nezve kunze kwenyika, kunze kwenyika, chiyero chekutengeserana, mutero, mafambiro ekudyara, uye zvimwe zvine chekuita nekutengeserana zvine chekuita nenyika yeSpain.

B2b mapuratifomu

Spain, iri nyika yakasimukira ine hupfumi hwakasimba, inopa akasiyana B2B mapuratifomu emabhizinesi kuti abatanidze nekubatana. Heano mamwe eB2B mapuratifomu muSpain pamwe chete nemawebhusaiti avo: 1. SoloStocks (www.solostocks.com): SoloStocks ndeimwe yeanotungamira e-commerce mapuratifomu muSpain anobatanidza vatengi nevatengesi mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana. 2. TradeKey (www.tradekey.com): TradeKey inzvimbo yemusika yeB2B yepasi rose inofambisa kutengeserana pakati pemakambani ekuSpain nevatengi vepasi rose, ichipa huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvigadzirwa nesevhisi. 3. Global Sources (www.globalsources.com): Global Sources ndechimwe chikuva cheB2B chakatanhamara apo vagadziri veSpanish nevashambadziri vanogona kuratidza zvigadzirwa zvavo kune vatengi vekunze, vachisimudzira bhizinesi ravo kusvika. 4. Europages (www.europages.es): Europages ibhuku rakazara repamhepo rinobvumira mabhizimisi kusimudzira zvigadzirwa/masevhisi avo vachibatana nevanogona kudyidzana nebhizinesi muEurope yose. 5. Toboc (www.toboc.com): Toboc inopa nzvimbo yekutengeserana pasi rose kumakambani ekuSpain ari kutsvaga kuwedzera kusvika pamusika wavo kuburikidza nekuvabatanidza nevatengi / vatengesi vemarudzi ose. 6. Mhoro Makambani (hellocallday.com/en/sector/companies/buy-sell-in-spain.html): Mhoro Makambani anotarisa pakubatanidza mabhizinesi eSpanish mukati memusika weko, achivagonesa kutenga kana kutengesa zvinhu/masevhisi nemazvo. 7. EWorldTrade(eworldtrade.com/spain/) : EWorldTrade inopa chikuva chakakura apo vatengesi vekuSpain vanogona kubatana nevatengi vepasi rose uye kuongorora misika mitsva pasi rose. 8. Ofertia (ofertia.me/regional/es/madrid/ecommerce.html) : Ofertia inyanzvi mukushambadza madhiri emunharaunda kubva kune vatengesi vekuSpain, vachinyatso vhara mukaha uripo pakati pezvitoro zvezvidhinha nedhaka nevatengi vepamhepo. Iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma yemapuratifomu eB2B anowanikwa muSpain; panogona kunge paine mamwe akawanda niche-chaiwo kana indasitiri-chaiwo mapuratifomu anoitira kune chaiwo zvinodiwa zvakare. Ndokumbira utarise kuti mawebhusaiti uye kuwanikwa kunogona kuve nekuchinja. Zvinokurudzirwa kushanyira mawebhusaiti ataurwa kuti uwane ruzivo rwakadzama pamasevhisi anopihwa muSpain's B2B musika.