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ʻIke ʻāina
Kālā Lahui
Kumukuai
Nā lā hoʻomaha nui
Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai ʻē
Hiki i ka Makeke Hoʻomohala
Wela kuai huahana ma ka makeke
ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā kapu
Pūnaehana hoʻokele dute
Nā kulekele ʻauhau lawe mai
Nā kulekele ʻauhau hoʻokuʻu aku
Pono nā palapala hōʻoia no ka lawe ʻana aku
Paipai ʻia ka logistic
Nā ala no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku

ʻO Sepania, i kapa inoa ʻia ʻo ke Aupuni ʻo Sepania, he ʻāina aia ma ke komohana hema o ʻEulopa. Ua pili ia Pokukala ma ke komohana a me Farani ma ka hikina akau. Ua kaʻana like ʻo Sepania i nā palena me Andorra a me Gibraltar. Me kahi ʻāpana o 505,990 kilomika square, ʻo Sepania ka ʻehā o ka ʻāina nui loa ma ʻEulopa. He ʻano ʻāina ʻokoʻa kona e pili ana i nā mauna e like me nā Pyrenees a me Sierra Nevada, a me nā kahakai nani ma ke Kai Mediterranean a me ka Moana ʻAkelanika. Aia ka ʻāina i nā mokupuni like ʻole e like me ka Balearic Islands ma ke Kaiwaenahonua a me Canary Islands mai ke kahakai komohana ʻākau o ʻApelika. He 47 miliona ka poʻe o Sepania me Madrid ke kapikala. ʻO ka ʻōlelo kūhelu he Paniolo, ʻoiai ua ʻōlelo ʻia kekahi mau ʻōlelo kūloko e like me Catalan, Galician, Basque e nā ʻāpana nui o ko lākou mau wahi. Ua kaulana ʻo Sepania no kāna moʻolelo waiwai a me ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu. ʻO ia kekahi o nā aupuni ikaika loa i ka mōʻaukala honua i ka wā o ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka noho ʻana mai nā kenekulia i hala aku nei i waiho ai i nā mana i nā ʻāina he nui o ka honua a me ʻAmelika Hema ma o ka hoʻololi moʻomeheu e like me ka laha ʻōlelo a i ʻole nā hoʻolālā hale. Aia ka hoʻokele waiwai o Sepania i waena o kekahi o nā lālā nui loa i loko o nā lālā o ka European Union (EU) me nā ʻāpana e like me ka mākaʻikaʻi e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ukali ʻia e nā ʻoihana hana e like me ka hana automotive a i ʻole ʻoihana textile, akā ua kū i nā pilikia ma hope o ka pilikia kālā o ka honua (2008-2009). I kēia manawa ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka ulu paʻa pre-covid ma muli o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole me ka ikehu hou e loaʻa ana i ka wāwae i kēia manawa. Hoʻopili ʻo Sepania i nā kuʻuna like ʻole a puni kona mau ʻāpana akā kaʻana like i nā ʻano moʻomeheu maʻamau e like me ka mahalo i nā ʻano hula mele flamenco a i ʻole nā meaʻai kaulana e komo pū ana me nā tapas. ʻO ka ʻaha La Tomatina kahi e hoʻolei ai ka poʻe i nā tōmato i kēlā me kēia ʻAukake i kaulana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, hōʻike ʻo Sepania iā ia iho me ka moʻomeheu olaola, nā ʻāina nani me ka mana o ka mōʻaukala i loaʻa i nā kenekulia i lilo ia i wahi mākaʻikaʻi no ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ʻoiai ke hāʻawi nui nei i ka multiculturalism.

ʻO ke kālā o Sepania ʻo ka Euro (€), ʻo ia ke kālā kūhelu o ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina lālā o ʻEulopa. Ua ʻae ʻo Sepania i ka Euro i kāna kālā aupuni ma Ianuali 1, 2002, e pani ana i ka Peseta Spanish. Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka Eurozone, hoʻohana ʻo Sepania i ka Euro no kāna mau hana kālā āpau, me ke kūʻai ʻana i nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe, ka uku ʻana i nā bila, a me ka unuhi ʻana i ke kālā mai nā ATM. Ua maheleia ka Euro i 100 keneta. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka Euro ua lawe mai i nā pono he nui i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Sepania. Ua hoʻopau ia i nā loli o ka hoʻololi i loko o nā ʻāina Eurozone a ua hoʻoikaika i ke kālepa ma waena o nā mokuʻāina. Ua maʻalahi ka huakaʻi no nā poʻe Spaniards a me nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻohana i hoʻokahi kālā ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā waihona kālā ma nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole ma Sepania: €5, €10, €20, €50, €100*, €200*, a me €500*. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana kālā ma nā denomination o 1 keneta (€0.01), 2 keneta (€0.02), 5 keneta (€0.05), 10 keneta (€0.10), 20 keneta (€0.20), 50 keneta (€0.50), €1 *, a me €2*. ʻO ka Central Bank o Sepania ke kuleana no ka hoʻopuka ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā Euros i loko o ka ʻāina e mālama i ke kūpaʻa kumu kūʻai a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumukūʻai. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka wā e kipa ai a noho paha i Sepania ma ke ʻano he haole a mākaʻikaʻi paha, pono e lawe mau i kahi kālā me ʻoe no ka mea ʻaʻole nā hui āpau e ʻae i nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē a i ʻole nā ʻano o ka uku uila. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, me kona ʻae ʻia ʻana o ka Euro ma ke ʻano he kālā kūhelu mai Ianuali 2002, e hana ana ʻo Sepania i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana kālā i hui pū ʻia e nā lāhui ʻEulopa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kālepa a me ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā ʻoihana kālā ma nā palena.

ʻO ke kālā kānāwai o Sepania ʻo ka Euro (€). No nā kumukūʻai kūʻai kokoke o nā kālā nui e kūʻē i ka Euro, e ʻoluʻolu e loli mau kēia mau kumukūʻai a e ʻokoʻa ma muli o ke kumu kikoʻī a me ka manawa. Eia naʻe, eia kekahi mau manaʻo koho i kēia manawa (e hoʻololi ʻia): 1 Euro (€) ma kahi o: - 1.12 Kālā US ($) - 0.85 Paona Pelekania (£) - 126.11 Kepanī Yen (¥) - 1.17 Swiss Palani (CHF) - 7.45 Pākē Yuan Renminbi (¥) E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo he hōʻike kēia mau helu a ʻaʻole paha e hōʻike i nā kumukūʻai kūʻai maoli i kēlā me kēia manawa. No ka ʻike hou a pololei, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nānā me kahi ʻoihana kālā hilinaʻi a i ʻole pūnaewele hoʻololi kālā.

He ʻāina waiwai ʻo Sepania i ka moʻomeheu a me ka mōʻaukala, a hoʻolauleʻa ʻo ia i nā lā hoʻomaha nui i loko o ka makahiki. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻahaʻaina koʻikoʻi loa: 1. Semana Santa (Hebedoma Hemolele): Aia kēia ʻahaʻaina hoʻomana ma nā kūlanakauhale like ʻole ma Sepania, ʻo Seville kekahi o nā wahi kaulana loa no kāna mau huakaʻi nui. Hoʻomanaʻo ia i ke kaumaha, ka make, a me ke alahouana o Iesu Kristo. 2. La Tomatina: Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka Pōʻakolu hope o ʻAukake ma Buñol kokoke i Valencia, ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻahaʻaina kūʻokoʻa ʻo ka hakakā nui loa o ka honua. Kiola nā mea komo i nā ʻōmato i kekahi i kekahi no ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana i kēia hanana hoʻohiwahiwa. 3. Feria de Abril (April Fair): E mālama ʻia ana ma Seville i ʻelua pule ma hope o ka Lāpule Easter, e hōʻike ana kēia hanana hebedoma i ka moʻomeheu Andalusia ma o ka poʻe hula flamenco, nā mākaʻikaʻi pipi, nā holo lio, nā hana mele kuʻuna, a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. 4. Fiesta de San Fermín: Hoʻolauleʻa kaulana loa ma Pamplona ma waena o Iulai 6 a me 14 i kēlā me kēia makahiki, hoʻomaka kēia ʻahaʻaina me "The Running of Bulls," kahi e holo ai nā poʻe wiwo ʻole ma nā alanui haiki i alualu ʻia e nā bipi. 5. La Falles de València: Hoʻolauleʻa ʻia mai ka lā 15 o Malaki a i ka lā 19 o Malaki ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Valencia a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe i loko o ka panalāʻau Valencia; pili ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kiʻi papier-mâché nui a ukali ʻia e nā hōʻike ahi a me nā parade ma mua o ke puhi ʻana i ke ahi i ka lā hope. 6. Día de la Hispanidad (La Hispanic): Hoʻolauleʻa ʻia i ka lā 12 ʻOkakopa ma Sepania e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ko Christopher Columbus hōʻea ʻana i ʻAmelika; ʻo ia hoʻi nā pāʻani koa a me nā hana moʻomeheu e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻoilina Sepania. He mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō kēia o nā ʻahaʻaina koʻikoʻi o Sepania e hōʻike ana i kāna mau kuʻuna waiwai a me kona ʻano moʻomeheu ikaika ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka ʻāina.

He mea pāʻani koʻikoʻi ʻo Sepania i ke kālepa honua, i ʻike ʻia no kāna ʻoihana hoʻokele hoʻokele waiwai. Mālama ka ʻāina i ke kaulike o ke kālepa ʻana, me nā mea hoʻoiho ma mua o ka lawe ʻana mai. Eia kekahi mau mea koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana kālepa o Sepania: 1. Hoʻokuʻu aku: He ʻano like ʻole o Sepania i nā huahana hoʻopukapuka, me nā kaʻa, nā mīkini, nā kemika, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā huahana mahiʻai. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea hana automotive nui loa ma ʻEulopa a hana i nā kaʻa no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka home a me nā mākeke honua. 2. Nā Hoa Kālepa Nui: Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Sepania i ke kālepa koʻikoʻi me nā ʻāina i loko o ka European Union (EU), ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻo Farani, Kelemānia, a me Italia. Ma waho o ka ʻāpana EU, he mau pilina kālepa ikaika me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me nā lāhui ʻAmelika Latin e like me Mexico. 3. Nā ʻOihana Hoʻokele Hoʻokuʻu ʻia: He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa e hāʻawi ana i nā mea hoʻopuka Sepania. ʻO nā ʻoihana kaulana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻenehana ikehu hou (e like me nā turbines makani a me nā panela solar), nā meaʻai e like me ka aila ʻoliva a me nā waina i hana ʻia ma nā wahi like ʻole ma Sepania. 4. Hoʻokomo ʻia: ʻOiai ʻo Sepania e hoʻopuka aku ma mua o ka mea i lawe mai ma muli o kāna ʻoihana ʻoihana ikaika, ke hilinaʻi mau nei ʻo ia i ka lawe ʻana mai no kekahi mau waiwai e like me nā kumuwaiwai ikehu (ʻaila a me ke kinoea) e hoʻokō i kāna mau koi kūloko. 5. ʻAha Kūʻai: I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui mau ʻo Sepania i ke koena kālepa ma muli o kāna ʻano hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o nā ʻāina ʻē ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole me ka hoʻokō ikaika ʻana i waho. 6. Kalepa Intercontinental: Me nā pilina kaulana i ʻAmelika Latina ma o ka hoʻoilina colonization a i ʻole nā pilina ʻōlelo (nā aupuni ʻōlelo Paniolo), ua hoʻonui nā hui Sepania i ko lākou noho ʻana ma laila ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā papahana ʻoihana a i ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lawelawe ʻoihana. 7. Nā Pili Kālepa i loko o EU: ʻO ka lilo ʻana i lālā ikaika o ka European Union mai ka makahiki 1986 e hiki ai i nā ʻoihana Spanish ke komo maʻalahi i nā mokuʻāina lālā ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pale nui i ke kālepa ʻana i nā waiwai a i ʻole nā lawelawe. 8.Growing Services Sector Exports: ʻOiai ʻike ʻia no nā waiwai maoli i lawe ʻia i waho; i kēia manawa ke kuhikuhi ʻia nei nā hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ʻāpana lawelawe ʻenehana pū kekahi me nā hui hoʻomohala IT solutions e mālama ana i nā koi lako polokalamu ma ʻEulopa a i ʻole nā ʻoihana kūʻai kikohoʻe e huli ana i nā mea kūʻai mai nā ʻāina like ʻole. ʻO ka mana ʻoihana ʻoihana o Sepania, ka wahi ʻāina, a me ke komo ʻana i ka EU ua hoʻonoho iā ia ma ke ʻano he mea pāʻani koʻikoʻi i ke kālepa honua. ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina a me nā ʻano huahana like ʻole e ʻae i ka pilina kālepa paʻa me nā hoa ʻEulopa a me ka honua.

He mana nui ko Sepania no ka hooulu ana i kona makeke kalepa ma na aina e. Me kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ma ʻEulopa, lawelawe ia ma ke ʻano he ʻīpuka kūpono i nā mākeke ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Latin. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana i kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia o ka ʻāina, me nā awa moana a me nā mokulele hou, e maʻalahi i ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai. Ua kaulana ʻo Sepania no kāna ʻoihana mahiʻai ikaika, e hana ana i nā hua kiʻekiʻe, nā mea kanu, ka waina, a me ka aila ʻoliva. Hoʻonoho kēia i ka ʻāina ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopuka maikaʻi i ka mākeke honua. Eia kekahi, he ʻāpana ʻenehana like ʻole ʻo Sepania mai nā kaʻa a hiki i nā ʻenehana ikehu hou. Hāʻawi kona akamai i kēia mau ʻoihana i nā manawa kūpono no ka lawe ʻana aku i nā huahana kūikawā. Hoʻoikaika ikaika ke aupuni Sepania i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā o nā ʻāina ʻē ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea hoʻoikaika e like me ka hoʻomaha ʻauhau a me nā kaʻina hana bureaucracy. Ua hoʻoikaika kēia mau hana i nā hui multinational e hoʻokumu i ko lākou noho ʻana ma Sepania, e hoʻonui hou ana i kāna mau hoʻokuʻu. Eia hou, ke ulu nei ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi o Sepania ma muli o kona mau kahakai nani, ka moʻomeheu waiwai, a me nā wahi mōʻaukala. Hāʻawi kēia i nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā lawelawe lawelawe e like me nā lawelawe hoʻokipa a me nā huahana pili i ka mākaʻikaʻi. Eia kekahi, he limahana koʻikoʻi ko Sepania me nā pae hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Hiki i kēia waiwai kanaka ke hoʻomohala i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe hou e hiki ke hoʻopuka maikaʻi ʻia i waho. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he mau pilikia i ka mākeke kālepa haole Sepania. Ke kū nei ka ʻāina i ka hoʻokūkū mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o EU me nā mana hoʻoili like. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā loli hoʻokele waiwai ke hoʻopilikia i ka makemake o nā mea kūʻai ma ka honua. ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, me kona wahi hoʻolālā, nā ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ka mahiʻai a me nā ʻoihana hana i hui pū ʻia me ke kākoʻo aupuni no ka hoʻopukapuka kālā ʻē aʻe i lilo ʻo Sepania i ʻāina hoʻohiki no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā manawa kālepa honua.

I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana kūʻai wela ma ka mākeke kalepa ʻē aʻe o Sepania, he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i nā kumu moʻomeheu a me ka waiwai o ka ʻāina. 1. Gastronomy: Ua kaulana ʻo Sepania no kāna moʻomeheu culinary, e hana ana i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu i ʻāpana waiwai. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka moʻomeheu tapas, ka ʻaila ʻoliva Sepania, ka waina, ka paʻakai, a me ka ham i hoʻōla ʻia he mau mea waiwai nui ma ka home a me ka honua. 2. ʻAno a me nā lole lole: Ua loaʻa ʻo Sepania i ka ʻike no kāna ʻoihana hana i nā makahiki. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo nā mea ʻili Spanish e like me nā ʻeke lima a me nā kāmaʻa i koi nui i ka honua ma muli o kā lākou hana maikaʻi. 3. Nā huahana pili i ka mākaʻikaʻi: Ma ke ʻano he wahi mākaʻikaʻi kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, hāʻawi ʻo Sepania i nā manawa he nui no nā mea e pili ana i ka mākaʻikaʻi e like me nā mea hoʻomanaʻo, nā mea hana lima kūloko (me ka ipu lepo a i ʻole nā mea hana flamenco), nā lole kahiko/mea kūʻai kuʻuna. 4. Nā Huahana Hiki ke Ho'ohou 'ia: Me ka mana'o nui e pili ana i ka ho'omau 'ana ma ka honua holo'oko'a, alaka'i 'o Sepania i nā 'enehana ikehu hou e like me nā panela lā a i 'ole ka hana 'ana i nā turbine makani. Hiki i ka lawe ʻana aku i kēia mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā koi honua. 5. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka mālama ʻili: Ke ulu nei ka ʻoihana nani Sepania me nā hōʻailona kaulana e hāʻawi ana i nā mea hoʻonaninani kiʻekiʻe i hoʻonui ʻia me nā mea kūlohelohe e like me ka ʻaila ʻoliva a i ʻole ka aloe vera extract. 6. Nā Mea Hana Home a me nā Lako: ʻO ka mea maʻamau e pili ana i ka nani a me ka maʻalahi o ka poʻe Spaniards he mau ʻāpana hoʻonaninani hale kūʻokoʻa e like me nā seramika mai Andalusia a i ʻole nā lako e hōʻike ana i nā kumu Paniolo kuʻuna e ʻoluʻolu i nā kamaʻāina a me nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka honua. 7. Māhele ʻenehana a me Electronics: Ma ke ʻano he hoʻokele waiwai holomua, ua kaena ʻo Sepania i nā ʻoihana ʻenehana hoʻokūkū e hana ana i nā hāmeʻa hou e pili ana i nā smartphones/tablets , wearable device, or home automation system; ʻo ka nānā ʻana i kēia mau wahi hiki ke alakaʻi i ke komo ʻana o ka mākeke. No ke koho pono ʻana i nā huahana kūʻai wela ma nā mākeke ʻē aʻe e like me Sepania: - Hana i ka noiʻi mākeke: E hoʻomaopopo i ka makemake o nā mea kūʻai aku ma o nā noiʻi/nānā - E noʻonoʻo i nā mea hoʻokūkū: E ʻike i nā niches huahana kūleʻa ʻoiai e noʻonoʻo ana i nā āpau e pale aku i ka hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi - E loiloi i nā mea pili i ka logistic a me nā lula (nā hana maʻamau, nā koi hōʻoia, etc.) - E ʻimi i ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea hoʻolaha/nā loea kūloko e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke komo ʻana i ka mākeke - Hoʻololi i ka ʻeke, nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā wehewehe huahana e kūpono i nā makemake o nā mea kūʻai aku Sepania - E nānā mau i nā ʻano mākeke e noho ma mua o ka pihi. ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka ʻike piha ʻana i ka moʻomeheu o Sepania, ke ʻano hoʻokele waiwai, a me nā ʻano mea kūʻai aku ke kī i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai i nā ʻano huahana e hōʻike ana i ka hiki ke koi nui a me ka kūleʻa i ka mākeke kālepa haole.

Ua kaulana ʻo Sepania, aia ma ke komohana hema o ʻEulopa, no kona mōʻaukala waiwai, ka moʻomeheu ikaika, a me ka hoʻokipa mehana. He aloha ka poʻe Sepania a hoʻokipa i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi. Haʻaheo lākou i kā lākou mau loina a me nā loina. Eia naʻe, he mea nui e makaʻala i kekahi mau mea kūʻai aku a me nā kapu i ka wā e kipa aku ai i Sepania. Manaʻo nā mea kūʻai Spanish i nā pilina pilikino a makemake lākou i kahi pilina mehana a me nā ʻoihana. He mea koʻikoʻi ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hilinaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pilina ʻoihana kūleʻa ma Sepania. He mea maʻamau i ka poʻe Spaniards ke kamaʻilio liʻiliʻi ma mua o ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā mea ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻopaʻa ai i kahi pilina pilikino. He ʻokoʻa paha ka hoʻokele manawa mai nā moʻomeheu ʻē aʻe, no ka mea, ua hoʻokau nui ka poʻe Spania i ke ola ʻohana a me ka launa pū ʻana. Hoʻomaka pinepine nā hālāwai i ka lohi a i ʻole holo lōʻihi ma mua o ka manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma muli o nā kamaʻilio ʻike ʻole a i ʻole nā manawa pūnaewele e kū mai ana i ka wā o ka ʻākoakoa. Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻai ʻana, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ka ʻaina awakea ka meaʻai nui o ka lā ma Sepania. Mahalo nā mea kūʻai Spanish i nā meaʻai leʻaleʻa kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻomaha a hauʻoli i kā lākou meaʻai me ke kamaʻilio maikaʻi. ʻO ka ʻai wikiwiki a i ʻole ke noi koke ʻana i ka bila e manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻole. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke koʻikoʻi nui ʻia ka manawa manawa ma nā ʻano pilikanaka akā he mea nui ia no nā koho ʻoihana a i ʻole nā hālāwai ʻoihana. E pili ana i nā loina hāʻawi makana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono ke hāʻawi makana i ka wā o nā hālāwai mua a i ʻole ke kūkākūkā ʻana me nā mea kūʻai aku Spanish, inā kono ʻia i ka home o kekahi no ka ʻaina ahiahi a i ʻole ka hoʻolauleʻa (e like me ka Kalikimaka), e lawe mai i kahi makana liʻiliʻi e like me ke kokoleka a i ʻole ka hue waina. ʻoiai he hōʻailona o ka mahalo ke hana mau ʻia ma Sepania. He mea nui ka pale ʻana i nā kumuhana koʻikoʻi e like me ka politika a i ʻole nā ʻokoʻa kūloko i ka wā e launa pū ai me nā mea kūʻai aku Spanish ma muli o nā paio mōʻaukala e mau nei i kēia mau lā e pili ana i nā manaʻo kūʻokoʻa o kekahi mau ʻāina. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau ʻano mea kūʻai aku hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pilina maikaʻi me ka pale ʻana i nā kapu i ka wā e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻoihana a i ʻole ka launa pū ʻana me nā poʻe mai Sepania.

Aia ʻo Sepania, aia ma ke komohana hema o ʻEulopa, he ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho pono a me ka mana palena. Ua hoʻokō ka ʻāina i nā lula koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i ka palekana a me ka palekana o kona mau palena. Ke komo a haʻalele ʻana iā Sepania, aia kekahi mau mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo. ʻO ka mea mua, pono e loaʻa nā palapala huakaʻi kūpono. Pono nā kama'āina non-European Union e loaʻa i kahi passport kūpono me ka liʻiliʻi o ʻeono mahina o ke koena mana. Hiki i nā kama'āina EU ke hele i loko o ka Schengen Area me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou kāleka ʻike aupuni. ʻO nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai a lawe ʻia mai Sepania mai e pili ana i nā hoʻoponopono dute. Pono ka poʻe huakaʻi e haʻi aku i nā mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o kekahi mau palena a i ʻole e koi i nā ʻae kūikawā e like me nā pū ahi, nā huahana meaʻai, a i ʻole nā mea moʻomeheu. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā haʻawina dute-free no ka waiʻona, nā huahana paka, a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe. Ma nā kahua mokulele a me nā awa o Sepania, hana pinepine nā luna dute i ka nānā ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea i pāpā ʻia. He mea koʻikoʻi ka lawe ʻole ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka ʻāina no ka mea hiki ke kau ʻia nā hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi inā hopu ʻia. Pono ka poʻe kipa e ʻike i nā kapu o ka lawe ʻana mai a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana aku i ke kālā. Inā lawe ʻia ma mua o €10,000 (a i ʻole like me kekahi kālā ʻē aʻe), pono e haʻi ʻia ma ka hōʻea ʻana a i ʻole ka haʻalele ʻana. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka poʻe huakaʻi mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe me nā koi visa ma mua o ko lākou huakaʻi i Sepania. Hiki i nā lāhui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka visa ke noho a hiki i 90 mau lā i loko o kahi manawa 180 lā no ka hana mākaʻikaʻi akā pono paha i nā visa kikoʻī no ka hana a i ʻole ke aʻo ʻana. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā poʻe kaʻa e hele mai ana mai waho o ka EU ke hele i nā loiloi palekana hou e pili ana i nā hana olakino e like me nā protocol screening COVID-19 i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā luna Sepania. ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ke komo a haʻalele paha i nā palena o Sepania: 1) Lawe i nā palapala huakaʻi kūpono. 2) E hoʻokō i nā lula kuʻuna: E haʻi i nā mea i kaupalena ʻia inā pono. 3) Mai lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole - pili nā hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi. 4) E makaʻala i nā kapu kālā. 5) E hoʻomaopopo i nā koi visa ma mua o ka huakaʻi. 6) E hoʻokō i nā koi e pili ana i ke olakino i ka wā maʻi maʻi e like me COVID-19. Ma ka hahai ʻana i kēia mau alakaʻi, hiki i ka poʻe huakaʻi ke hoʻokele maʻalahi i nā kuʻuna Spanish a me ka ʻōnaehana pale palena ʻoiai e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā lula kūloko.

Hoʻolālā ʻia ke kulekele dute import o Sepania e hoʻoponopono a mālama i ke komo ʻana o nā waiwai i loko o ka ʻāina mai waho aku. Ke kau nei ke aupuni Sepania i nā ʻauhau kikoʻī ma nā huahana i lawe ʻia mai e pale i nā ʻoihana kūloko, e loaʻa kālā, a e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokūkū kūpono. ʻOkoʻa nā dute lawe mai ma Sepania ma muli o ke ʻano o ka huahana, kona kumu, a me kona hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma lalo o nā ʻaelike kālepa honua. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Harmonized System (HS) code no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā waiwai a hoʻoholo i nā dute kūpono. Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka uku ma muli o ka ad valorem a i ʻole nā uku kikoʻī. ʻO kekahi mau waiwai koʻikoʻi e like me nā meaʻai a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hōʻemi ʻia a i ʻole ka uku uku no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ko lākou loaʻa ʻana ma nā kumukūʻai kūpono no nā mea kūʻai. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā mea waiwai e like me nā mea uila kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā huahana kiʻi kiʻekiʻe. No ka helu ʻana i ke dute lawe mai ma Sepania, pono e noʻonoʻo kekahi i ka waiwai i haʻi ʻia o nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai, nā kumukūʻai o ka halihali, nā uku ʻinikua, a me nā mea pili ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau helu ʻana ma luna o nā lula loiloi kuʻuna i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻaelike honua e like me ka World Trade Organization (WTO) Customs Valuation Agreement. Ma waho aʻe o nā dute hoʻokomo maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻokau ʻia ʻo Sepania i nā ʻauhau hou e like me ka ʻauhau hoʻohui waiwai (VAT) a i ʻole ka ʻauhau ʻai ma nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai ma nā pae like ʻole o kā lākou hāʻawi ʻana i loko o ka ʻāina. Loaʻa iā Sepania nā ʻaelike kālepa me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kāna kulekele dute import. No ka laʻana, inā he kuʻikahi kālepa manuahi ʻo Sepania me kekahi ʻāina e hoʻopau a hōʻemi paha i nā uku no kekahi mau huahana i lawe ʻia mai laila. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ke ʻimi nei ke kulekele dute import a Sepania e hoʻopaʻa i kahi kaulike ma waena o ka pale ʻana i nā ʻoihana kūloko aʻo ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hiki ʻana o nā mea kūʻai. Hoʻopili pū ʻia me nā hoʻoponopono kālepa honua a noʻonoʻo i nā kuʻikahi bilateral e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka pilina waiwai me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe.

Aia ʻo Sepania i kahi kulekele ʻauhau no kāna mau mea kūʻai aku e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻauhau ma kēia mau huahana. Ke hahai nei ka ʻāina i ke kulekele pāʻoihana maʻamau o ka European Union (EU), e manaʻo ana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokūkū kūpono a pale i nā ʻoihana kūloko. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻaʻole ʻo Sepania e kau i nā ʻauhau kikoʻī i nā waiwai i lawe ʻia aku. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana mai Sepania e pili ana i ka ʻauhau hoʻohui waiwai (VAT) e pili ana i nā lula EU. ʻO ka uku VAT pili i ke ʻano o nā waiwai e lawe ʻia aku. No ka hapa nui o nā waiwai, ʻae ʻia kahi helu VAT maʻamau o 21%. 'O ia ho'i, pono e ho'okomo ka po'e ho'opuka i kēia 'auhau ma ke kumu kū'ai o kā lākou huahana i ke kū'ai 'ana aku i waho. Eia nō naʻe, inā kūpono ka lawe ʻana aku i ka VAT i helu ʻia ma lalo o nā lula EU, ʻaʻohe ʻauhau hou e uku ʻia e nā mea hoʻopuka. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka VAT helu ʻole, pono e hoʻokō i kekahi mau kūlana. No ka laʻana, hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku i nā ʻāina ʻaʻole EU a i ʻole nā mea e pili pono ana i kahi lawelawe kaʻa kaʻa honua ma ka VAT. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke kūpono i kekahi mau hoʻokuʻu aku no nā uku hōʻemi a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma muli o nā ʻoihana kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ʻaelike me nā hoa kālepa. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo e pili ana nā dute i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu aku ai i nā waiwai mai Sepania i nā ʻāina ʻaʻole EU e pili ana i nā kuʻikahi kālepa honua a me nā uku i hoʻokumu ʻia e kēlā mau ʻāina a i ʻole nā ʻāina. ʻO keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ʻo Sepania e hahai ana i ke kulekele pāʻoihana maʻamau o ka EU e pili ana i ka ʻauhau ma nā waiwai e hoʻokuʻu aku ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻauhau i hoʻohui ʻia e like me nā kumukūʻai like ʻole a me nā hoʻokuʻu e pili ana i nā kūlana kikoʻī a pili i nā ʻaelike me nā hoa kālepa, ʻaʻohe ʻauhau kikoʻī i kau ʻia no ka lawe ʻana aku i loko o Sepania. iho.

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Sepania no kāna ʻano hoʻokele waiwai like ʻole a me ka ulu ʻana, me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i mea nui. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia mau waiwai i lawe ʻia aku, ua hoʻokō ʻo Sepania i nā kaʻina hana hōʻoia hōʻoia. ʻO ke aupuni Sepania, ma o ka Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, ke kiaʻi nei i ka hōʻoia ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻO ka mana nui ke kuleana no ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā palapala hōʻoia ʻo ka Spanish Institute for Foreign Trade (ICEX). Hana pū lākou me nā keʻena aupuni ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā huahana i nā kūlana honua a pili i nā lula kālepa. Hāʻawi ʻo ICEX i nā ʻano palapala hōʻoia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka huahana e lawe ʻia ana. ʻO kahi palapala koʻikoʻi ʻo ia ka Certificate of Origin, e hōʻoia ana ua hana ʻia a hana ʻia kekahi huahana ma Sepania. Mālama kēia palapala i ka ʻike maopopo i nā hana kālepa a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopunipuni a i ʻole nā waiwai hoʻopunipuni mai ke komo ʻana i nā mākeke haole. ʻO kahi hōʻoia koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe ka hōʻailona CE. Hōʻike kēia hōʻailona e pili ana kahi huahana i ka palekana o ka European Union, ke olakino, a me nā koi palekana kaiapuni. Hōʻike ia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku Sepania i nā kūlana EU a hiki ke kūʻai manuahi ʻia i loko o nā ʻāina lālā. Eia kekahi, ma muli o ke ʻano o nā waiwai i lawe ʻia aku, pono paha nā palapala hōʻoia. No ka laʻana, pono nā huahana meaʻai e hoʻokō i nā lula palekana meaʻai e lawelawe ʻia e nā keʻena aupuni e like me ka Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN). Pēlā nō, pono nā huahana mahiʻai e pili i nā hana phytosanitary i hāʻawi ʻia e ka Ministry of Agriculture. Hoʻokomo pū ʻo Sepania i nā kuʻikahi bilateral me nā ʻāina hoa e hoʻoikaika i ke kālepa honua. Hāʻawi kēia mau ʻaelike i ka ʻike like ʻana i nā kaʻina loiloi conformity ma waena o Sepania a me kāna mau hoa kalepa ʻoiai e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā lula aupuni. Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā palapala me ka nānā ʻana a i ʻole nā loiloi i mālama ʻia e nā mana kūpono. Manaʻo ʻia nā mea hoʻopuka e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou iho me nā koi kikoʻī no kā lākou huahana ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā hana hoʻoiho mai Sepania. ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻo ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia e hoʻokuʻu aku i waho o Sepania e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā ana kaohi maikaʻi ʻoiai e hālāwai ana i nā kūlana honua i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka lawe ʻana mai i nā lāhui. Hoʻokumu ka ʻāina i ka ʻike i nā hana kālepa ma o nā kaʻina hana hōʻoia kūpono, e hōʻoia ana i ka hilinaʻi a hilinaʻi ʻia nā mea hoʻopuka Spanish ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

He ʻāina ʻo Sepania ma ke komohana hema o ʻEulopa, i ʻike ʻia no kona hoʻoilina moʻomeheu waiwai a me nā ʻāina like ʻole. I ka wā e pili ana i ka logistics a me nā lawelawe halihali, hāʻawi ʻo Sepania i nā koho maikaʻi loa no nā ʻoihana a me nā poʻe. ʻO ka mea mua, loaʻa iā Sepania kahi ʻoihana nui o ka ʻoihana kaʻa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka logistic pono. Hāʻawi ka ʻāina i nā alanui i mālama maikaʻi ʻia a me nā alaloa e hoʻopili ai i nā kūlanakauhale a me nā ʻāpana like ʻole i loko o Sepania, e maʻalahi ai ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai a puni ka ʻāina. Eia kekahi, he ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi koʻikoʻi ʻo Sepania e hāʻawi ana i nā lawelawe kaʻa pono no ka ukana. Ma ke ʻano o nā lawelawe kaʻa ea, ʻo Sepania ka home o ka nui o nā mokulele paʻahana me nā lako lawelawe ukana maikaʻi loa. ʻO ke kahua mokulele ʻo Barcelona-El Prat a me Madrid-Barajas Airport ʻelua mau kikowaena nui kahi e hiki ai i nā ʻoihana ke hoʻouna maʻalahi a loaʻa paha nā waiwai ma o ka ukana ea. Ua hoʻolaʻa kēia mau mokulele i nā pahu ukana i hoʻolako ʻia me ka ʻenehana hou e hōʻoia i ka hana maʻalahi. Eia kekahi, aia ʻo Sepania i kekahi mau awa kuʻuna honua e mālama ana i ka nui o ke kālepa moana. ʻO ke awa o Valencia kekahi o ia mau hiʻohiʻona; he ʻīpuka nui ia no ka lawe ʻana mai a me ka lawe ʻana aku mai ʻEulopa hema. Me nā pahu pahu pahu hou a me nā kaʻina hana maʻamau, hāʻawi kēia awa i nā koho hoʻouna hilinaʻi no nā ʻoihana e ʻimi nei e lawe i nā waiwai ma ke kai. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻōnaehana kino, hale pū kekahi ʻo Sepania i nā ʻoihana logistic he nui e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolako piha. Hāʻawi kēia mau ʻoihana i kahi ākea o nā lawelawe e like me ka hale kūʻai, ka hoʻokele hoʻoili, ka ʻae ʻana i ka dute, a me ka lawe ukana. ʻO kekahi mau mea hoʻolako logistic kaulana ma Sepania e komo pū me DHL Supply Chain, DB Schenker Logistics Ibérica S.L.U., Kühne + Nagel Logistics S.A., a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i nā lawelawe kaʻa kaʻa kūikawā i nā ʻoihana e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā mea palaho - nā mea lawelawe logistic chain e like me Norbert Dentressangle Iberica a i ʻole Dachs España e hāʻawi i nā hale mālama mālama wela a me nā hoʻonā halihali e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka pono o nā huahana koʻikoʻi i ka wā transit. ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻo Citas Import Export Solutions planes de Logística s.l. he koho maikaʻi loa ma muli o ko lākou ʻike nui ma ke kula, nā pūnaewele ikaika, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka lawelawe mea kūʻai aku maikaʻi loa. I ka hopena, hāʻawi ʻo Sepania i kahi pūnaewele logistic hilinaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi e hoʻopuni ana i nā ʻano kaʻa like ʻole me nā alanui, nā ala kaʻa, nā lawelawe kaʻa mokulele, a me nā awa. Me ka nui o nā ʻoihana logistic e hāʻawi ana i nā hāʻina kaulahao lako piha, hiki i nā ʻoihana ke loaʻa nā koho kūpono no kā lākou pono kikoʻī. Inā ʻo ia ma uka a i ʻole ka halihali honua, aia ʻo Sepania i ka ʻenehana a me ka ʻike e mālama i kahi ākea o nā koi logistic.

Hōʻike kālepa koʻikoʻi

He ʻāina kaulana ʻo Sepania i ka wā e kūʻai ai i ka honua. Hāʻawi ia i nā ala koʻikoʻi no nā mea kūʻai aku a hoʻokipa i nā ʻano hōʻike kālepa koʻikoʻi. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia mau ala i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā pilina, pūnaewele, a me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo kekahi o nā ala koʻikoʻi no nā mea kūʻai aku honua ma Sepania ma o nā keʻena kālepa a i ʻole nā hui ʻoihana. He mau kahua waiwai kēia mau hui no ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā mea hoʻolako Spanish a me nā mea hana ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Hāʻawi lākou i ke alakaʻi, kākoʻo, a hoʻonohonoho i nā hanana like ʻole e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka pilina o ka mea kūʻai aku. ʻO ka lua, hoʻoikaika ikaika nā ʻoihana aupuni o Sepania e like me ICEX (Spanish Institute for Foreign Trade) i nā pilina kalepa ma waena o nā hui Sepania a me nā mea kūʻai aku o ka honua. Hāʻawi lākou i nā lawelawe mai ka noiʻi mākeke a hiki i nā hanana matchmaking, e ʻae ana i nā mea kūʻai haole e ʻimi i nā hui like ʻole me nā ʻoihana Spanish. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Sepania i nā ʻāpana kūʻai manuahi (FTZs) e huki ana i nā mea kūʻai aku honua e ʻimi nei i nā koho kūʻai kūpono. Hāʻawi kēia mau FTZ i nā ʻauhau ʻauhau, nā kaʻina hana maʻamau, a me nā pono hana e pono ai no nā hana hoʻokele honua. Eia kekahi, hoʻokipa ʻo Sepania i nā ʻoihana kālepa koʻikoʻi e huki ana i nā mea kūʻai mai ka honua mai nā ʻoihana like ʻole. Aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona kaulana: 1. Mobile World Congress: ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻikeʻike loea kelepona nui loa i mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Barcelona e huki ana i nā alakaʻi o ka ʻoihana e ʻimi nei i nā ʻōnaehana kelepona ʻokiʻoki. 2. FITUR: ʻO kahi hoʻolauleʻa mākaʻikaʻi alakaʻi i mālama ʻia ma Madrid e hāʻawi ana i nā manawa kūpono no nā hui huakaʻi, nā mea hoʻokele huakaʻi, nā hale hōkele e hōʻike i kā lākou huahana / lawelawe i nā hoa pili honua. 3.GIfTEXPO: Hōʻike kēia International Gift Fair i kahi ākea o nā makana maikaʻi me nā mea hana lima, 4.Fruit Attraction: He hanana koʻikoʻi i kālele ʻia i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu e huki ana i nā mea kūʻai kūʻai mahiʻai honua e ʻimi ana i nā huahana Spanish, 5.CEVISAMA: ʻO kēia hōʻikeʻike tile ceramic kaulana i mālama ʻia ma Valencia e hui pū i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana makemake i nā ʻano hou a me nā mea hou e pili ana i nā seramika, Hana kēia mau hōʻikeʻike ma ke ʻano he kahua kūpono kahi e hiki ai i nā mea kūʻai aku honua ke hālāwai me nā mea kūʻai aku he alo a he alo i ka wā e hoʻomau nei i nā ʻano mākeke e kū mai ana i loko o kā lākou mau ʻāpana. I ka hopena, j no nā mea kūʻai honua, hōʻike ʻo Sepania i nā ala koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilina kālepa me nā ʻoihana Sepania. Hāʻawi nā keʻena kālepa, nā keʻena aupuni, a me nā ʻāpana kālepa manuahi i ke ʻano kākoʻo kūpono, ʻoiai nā hōʻike kālepa a me nā hōʻikeʻike e hāʻawi i nā manawa e launa pū me nā mea hoʻolako. Hāʻawi nui kēia mau ala i ke kū ʻana o Sepania ma ke ʻano he wahi hoihoi no nā hana kūʻai honua.

Nā mīkini huli maʻamau

Ma Sepania, nui nā ʻenekini huli maʻamau. Eia kekahi o nā mea kaulana loa me kā lākou mau URL pūnaewele: 1. Google: ʻO ka ʻenekini huli nui loa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, kaulana loa ia ma Sepania. Hiki i nā kānaka ke komo iā ia ma www.google.es. 2. Bing: Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Bing ma Sepania. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ma www.bing.com. 3. Yahoo: ʻOiai ua emi ka kaulana o Yahoo i nā makahiki, e mau ana ia he ʻenekini huli maʻamau ma Sepania. ʻO kāna pūnaewele URL ʻo www.yahoo.es. 4. DuckDuckGo: Ua kaulana ʻo DuckDuckGo ma ke ʻano he koho ʻenekini hulina ʻē aʻe ma Sepania. ʻO kāna pūnaewele URL ʻo duckduckgo.com/es. 5. Yandex: ʻO Yandex kahi ʻenekini hulina Lūkini e hāʻawi i nā hopena hulina pūnaewele a me nā lawelawe pūnaewele i nā mea hoʻohana ʻōlelo Paniolo pū kekahi. Hiki i nā poʻe ma Sepania ke komo i kāna mau lawelawe ma o www.yandex.es. E ʻoluʻolu, he mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō kēia o nā ʻenekini hulina maʻamau ma Sepania, a aia kekahi mau koho ʻāpana a i ʻole nā koho ʻē aʻe.

Nā ʻaoʻao melemele nui

Aia nā ʻaoʻao melemele nui o Sepania: 1. Paginas Amarillas (https://www.paginasamarillas.es/): ʻO kēia ka papa kuhikuhi ʻaoʻao melemele alakaʻi ma Sepania, e hāʻawi ana i kahi papa inoa piha o nā ʻoihana ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. 2. QDQ Media (https://www.qdq.com/): Hāʻawi ʻo QDQ Media i kahi papa kuhikuhi pūnaewele nui no nā ʻoihana ma Sepania, e ʻae ana i nā mea hoʻohana e ʻimi i nā pilina ma nā pae like ʻole e like me ka wahi, ka ʻoihana, a me nā lawelawe. 3. 11870 (https://www.11870.com/): ʻO 11870 kahi puka punaewele kaulana kahi e ʻike ai nā mea hoʻohana i ka ʻike pili no nā ʻoihana ma Sepania. Loaʻa iā ia nā loiloi a me nā loiloi mai nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe. 4. Guía Telefónica de España (https://www.guiatelefonicadeespana.com/): Hāʻawi kēia papa kuhikuhi i nā papa inoa o nā ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana ma Sepania, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke kūlanakauhale a i ʻole ka ʻāina. 5. Directorio de Empresas de España (https://empresas.hospitalet.cat/es/home.html): He papa kuhikuhi ʻoihana kūhelu kēia i mālama ʻia e Hospitalet City Council ma Catalonia e loaʻa ana nā papa inoa o nā hui a me nā hui ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole. 6. Infobel Spain Business Directory (https://infobel.com/en/spain/business): Hāʻawi ʻo Infobel i kahi papa kuhikuhi pāʻoihana pūnaewele e uhi ana i kekahi mau ʻāina me Sepania, e hāʻawi ana i nā kikoʻī pili no nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole. 7. Kompass - Nā ʻaoʻao Melemele Paniolo (https://es.kompass.com/business-directory/spain/dir-01/page-1): Hāʻawi ʻo Kompass i kahi ʻikepili piha o nā hui Spanish e pili ana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole. ʻimi e pili ana i nā koina kikoʻī e like me ka ʻoihana a i ʻole ka nui o ka ʻoihana. He mau laʻana wale nō kēia o nā papa kuhikuhi ʻaoʻao melemele nui i loaʻa ma Sepania. E hoʻomanaʻo e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia papa kuhikuhi kāna mau mea kūikawā a i ʻole nā wahi kikoʻī e pili ana i ka wahi i uhi ʻia a i ʻole nā lawelawe hou i hāʻawi ʻia.

Nā papahana kālepa nui

ʻO Sepania, he ʻāina nani ma ʻEulopa Hema, ua puka mai ʻo ia kekahi o nā aupuni alakaʻi e pili ana i nā kahua e-commerce. Eia kekahi o nā pūnaewele e-commerce nui ma Sepania me kā lākou mau pūnaewele: 1. Amazon Sepania: Ma ke ʻano he kanaka pilikua honua, aia ʻo Amazon i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ma ka mākeke Sepania. Hāʻawi ia i kahi ākea o nā huahana ma nā ʻano like ʻole. Paena pūnaewele: https://www.amazon.es/ 2. ʻO El Corte Inglés: ʻO kēia kekahi o nā kaulahao hale kūʻai nui loa o Sepania i hoʻonui i ka mākeke pūnaewele. Hāʻawi ia i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole me ke ʻano, nā mea uila, a me nā mea pono home. Paena pūnaewele: https://www.elcorteingles.es/ 3. AliExpress: Mai Kina akā me ka waihona mea kūʻai nui ma Sepania, kaulana ʻo AliExpress no kāna mau kumukūʻai kūpono a me nā koho huahana nui ma nā ʻāpana he nui. Pūnaewele: https://es.aliexpress.com/ 4. eBay Sepania: ʻO kekahi o nā kahua kūʻai kūʻai pūnaewele kaulana loa o ka honua, e hana pū ana ʻo eBay ma Sepania kahi e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke kūʻai aku i nā mea hou a i hoʻohana ʻia me ka maʻalahi. Paena pūnaewele: https://www.ebay.es/ 5.JD.com : Ua hana ʻo JD.com i kāna hōʻailona ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku nui loa ma Kina akā ua hoʻonui pū ʻo ia i nā ʻāina e like me Sepania e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole e like me ka uila, nā lole, nā mea nani a me nā mea ʻē aʻe .Website :https://global.jd .com/es 6.Worten : He mea kūʻai kūʻai kaulana ʻo Sepania i ʻike i nā mea uila uila a me nā mea pono hale e hana ana ma ka pūnaewele a ma o nā hale kūʻai kino ma ka ʻāina.Website :https://www.worten.es 7.MediaMarkt ES : ʻO kekahi mea kūʻai uila uila kaulana e hana ana ma nā ʻāina he nui me Sepania. He mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō kēia o nā paepae e-commerce nui e hoʻolako ana i nā mea kūʻai aku ma loko o Sepania. Hāʻawi lākou i nā mea kūʻai aku i ke komo maʻalahi i ka nui o nā mea kūʻai mai nā wahi a puni o ka honua. ʻO ka hana ʻana me kēia mau kahua e hiki ai i nā poʻe ma Sepania ke hauʻoli i ka ʻoluʻolu o ke kūʻai pūnaewele.

ʻO nā pūnaewele media nui

Ma Sepania, aia kekahi mau pūnaewele media kaulana e hoʻopili i nā poʻe a hāpai i ka kamaʻilio. Eia kekahi o nā paena pūnaewele kaiapili i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma Sepania, me kā lākou mau URL pili. 1. Facebook - https://www.facebook.com ʻO Facebook ka pūnaewele puni honua i ʻike nui ʻia a hoʻohana nui ʻia, me Sepania. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻopili me nā hoaaloha a me ka ʻohana, kaʻana like i nā mea hou, nā kiʻi, nā wikiō, a hui pū i nā hui hoihoi like ʻole. 2. Instagram - https://www.instagram.com ʻO Instagram kahi kahua ʻike kiʻi loa kahi e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke kaʻana like i nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō pōkole. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka kaulana nui ma Sepania a me ka honua ma muli o kona nānā ʻana i ka ʻike ʻike. 3. Twitter - https://twitter.com Hiki iā Twitter ke hoʻouna i nā leka pōkole i kapa ʻia ʻo "tweets" a hiki i 280 mau huaʻōlelo ka lōʻihi. He kahua kaʻana like ʻike manawa maoli kahi e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke hahai i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a komo i nā kamaʻilio me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hashtags. 4. LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com ʻO LinkedIn kahi pūnaewele pūnaewele ʻoihana e hiki ai i nā poʻe ke hana i nā moʻolelo e hōʻike ana i ko lākou mau mākaukau, hoʻonaʻauao, ʻike hana, a me nā mea i hoʻokō. Kōkua ia i ka poʻe ʻoihana e hoʻonui i kā lākou pūnaewele ʻoihana ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā hoa hana a i ʻole nā mea hana. 5. TikTok - https://www.tiktok.com He kahua hoʻolālā ʻo TikTok no ka kaʻana like ʻana i nā wikiō pōkole mai ka hoʻokani lehelehe ʻana a hiki i nā skits ʻakaʻaka a i ʻole nā hula hula kaulana i waena o nā hanauna ʻōpio ma Sepania. 6. WhatsApp - https://www.whatsapp.com ʻOiai ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo ʻia he ʻano media media maʻamau no kēlā me kēia; He kuleana koʻikoʻi ʻo WhatsApp i ka hui Spanish no ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma o ka leka uila a i ʻole ke kelepona leo/wikiō ma waena o nā poʻe a i ʻole nā kamaʻilio pūʻulu. 7. Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau papa honua i helu ʻia ma luna nei he mau kumu hoʻohana koʻikoʻi i loko o ka hui Sepania; ʻO kekahi mau pūnaewele kaiapili Spanish i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me: Xing (https://www.xing.es) Tuenti (https://tuenti.es) E ʻoluʻolu e ʻoluʻolu e ʻokoʻa ka kaulana o kēia mau paepae i ka manawa a ma waena o nā hui makahiki like ʻole.

ʻO nā hui ʻoihana nui

He waiwai waiwai a ʻokoʻa ʻo Sepania me nā hui ʻoihana nui e hōʻike ana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Eia ka papa inoa o kekahi mau hui ʻoihana koʻikoʻi ma Sepania me kā lākou mau pūnaewele mana: 1. ʻO ka Hui Paniolo o nā Hui Pāʻoihana (CEOE) - uhi i nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole, me ka hana ʻana, ke kūkulu hale, ka mākaʻikaʻi, a me ke kālā. Paena pūnaewele: http://www.ceoe.es 2. ʻAhahui Spanish o nā mea kūʻai aku kaʻa (SERNAUTO) - hōʻike i nā hui i komo i ke kaulahao hoʻolako o ka ʻoihana kaʻa. Paena pūnaewele: http://www.sernauto.es 3. Spanish Confederation of Hotels and Tourist Accommodation (CEHAT) - hōʻike i nā pono o nā hōkele a me nā hale noho ʻē aʻe. Paena pūnaewele: https://www.cehat.com 4. ʻAhahui Paniolo no nā ʻEnekini Hiki Hou (APPARE) - e kālele ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā mea hou e like me ka makani, ka lā, ka mana hydroelectric. Paena pūnaewele: https://appare.asociaciones.org/ 5. National Federation of Food Industries and Beverages (FIAB) - hōʻike i ka ʻoihana meaʻai me nā ʻāpana hana, hana, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana. Paena pūnaewele: https://fiab.es/ 6. Spanish Photovoltaic Union (UNEF) - hoʻolaha i ka hana ikehu lā ma o nā ʻōnaehana photovoltaic. Paena pūnaewele: http://unefotovoltaica.org/ 7. National Association for Steelworks Producers in Spain (SIDEREX) - hōʻike i nā hui hana kila e hana ana ma Sepania Paena pūnaewele: http://siderex.com/en/ 8. Kōmike o nā mokulele ʻo Sepania-Portugal (COCAE) - hōʻike i nā mea hoʻokele mokulele i nā pilikia hana ma nā mokulele ma Sepania a me Pokukala. Paena pūnaewele: http://cocae.aena.es/en/home-en/ 9.Spanish Meterological Society (SEM) - hui pū i nā poʻe loea i hana i ka meteorology a i ʻole nā ʻepekema pili e hāpai i nā manawa noiʻi i loko o kēia kahua. paena pūnaewele: http://https//sites.google.com/view/sociedad-semen/homespan> He mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō kēia mai ka nui o nā hui ma Sepania. He koʻikoʻi ko kēlā me kēia hui i ka hōʻike ʻana, hoʻolaha, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kākoʻo i kā lākou ʻoihana.

Nā pūnaewele pāʻoihana a kālepa

Nui nā pūnaewele waiwai a kālepa ma Sepania e hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, kālepa, a me nā manawa ʻoihana. Eia kekahi o lākou me kā lākou mau helu wahi pūnaewele: 1. Paena pūnaewele ʻo Chamber of Commerce Spanish: http://www.camaras.org/en/home/ Hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele i ka ʻike piha e pili ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai Sepania, nā ʻoihana ʻoihana, nā kōkua hoʻonaʻauao honua, a me nā helu kālepa. 2. ʻO ka Portal Kalepa honua o Sepania: https://www.spainbusiness.com/ Hāʻawi kēia kahua i nā ʻike koʻikoʻi i nā manawa ʻoihana Spanish ma nā ʻāpana he nui. Loaʻa i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i nā papahana hoʻopukapuka, nā hōʻike mākeke, nā lawelawe panakō no nā ʻoihana, a me nā kumuwaiwai kālepa honua. 3. Kālepa a me ka hoʻokomo kālā ʻo ICEX Sepania: https://www.icex.es/icex/es/index.html Hāʻawi ka pūnaewele mana o ICEX (Institute for Foreign Trade) i ka ʻike nui e pili ana i ka hana ʻoihana ma Sepania. Hāʻawi ia i ke alakaʻi i nā hui ʻē aʻe i makemake e hoʻopukapuka a hoʻonui paha i ka mākeke Sepania. 4. Hoʻokomo kālā ma Sepania: http://www.investinspain.org/ Hāʻawi kēia puka aupuni i nā ʻike pili kālā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ka mākaʻikaʻi, ka hoʻomohala waiwai, nā ʻōnaehana logistic, nā paka ʻenehana, nā papahana ikehu hou, etc. 5. Paena pūnaewele National Institute of Statistics (INE): https://www.indexmundi.com/spain/economy_profile.html Hāʻawi ka pūnaewele INE i nā hōʻailona waiwai e like me ka ulu ʻana o GDP; ka heluna kanaka; ʻikepili pili i ka ʻoihana; nā helu ʻoihana makeke a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke kōkua i nā ʻoihana e loiloi i nā manawa kūpono e hoʻokomo ai. 6. ʻOihana Kākoʻo Pāʻoihana ʻo Barcelona Activa: http://w41.bcn.cat/activaciobcn/cat/tradebureau/welcome.jsp?espai_sp=1000 Hoʻopili pono ʻia ma Barcelona ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana waiwai nui i loko o Sepania e hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele i ke kākoʻo a me nā kumuwaiwai no nā ʻoihana kūloko a me ka poʻe e ʻimi nei e hoʻonohonoho i nā hana a i ʻole ke kālele ʻana i ka ʻāina. 7. Keena Kalepa o Madrid: https://www.camaramadrid.es/es-ES/Paginas/Home.aspx Hāʻawi ka pūnaewele o kēia keʻena i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hanana pūnaewele, nā lawelawe ʻoihana, a me nā ʻoihana kālepa i mālama ʻia ma Madrid a hoʻolaha i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana a me nā manawa hoʻomohala honua ma ka ʻāina. Hiki i kēia mau pūnaewele ke lilo i waiwai waiwai no nā poʻe a i ʻole nā hui e ʻimi nei e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻāina hoʻokele waiwai o Sepania, e ʻimi i nā manawa hoʻopukapuka, a i ʻole e hoʻokumu i nā pilina ʻoihana ma ka ʻāina.

Nā pūnaewele nīnau ʻikepili kālepa

Aia kekahi mau pūnaewele nīnau noiʻi kālepa i loaʻa no Sepania. Eia ka papa inoa o kekahi o lākou me kā lākou mau URL. 1. Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) - Hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele i nā ʻikepili kālepa a me nā helu helu no Sepania. HKH: https://www.ine.es/en/welcome.shtml 2. Ke Keʻena ʻOihana, Kālepa, a me ka Mākaʻikaʻi - Hāʻawi ka pūnaewele kūhelu o ke Kuhina o ke Aupuni Sepania i ka ʻike a me ka ʻikepili pili i ke kālepa. HKH: https://www.mincotur.gob.es/en-us/Paginas/default.aspx 3. ICEX España Exportación e Inversiones - ʻO kēia ka puka aupuni aupuni Sepania e pili ana i ka internationalization a me nā hoʻopukapuka kālā ʻē aʻe. HKH: https://www.icex.es/icex/es/index.html 4. Banco de España (Bank of Spain) - Hāʻawi ka pūnaewele o ka panakō kikowaena i nā hōʻailona waiwai me ka ʻikepili kālepa. HKH: http://www.bde.es/bde/en/ 5. Eurostat - ʻOiai ʻaʻole kikoʻī iā Sepania, hōʻiliʻili ʻo Eurostat i nā helu helu ʻEulopa piha me nā helu kālepa no nā ʻāina lālā e like me Sepania. HKH: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/home E ʻoluʻolu e ʻoluʻolu e koi paha kekahi mau pūnaewele i ke koho ʻōlelo a hāʻawi i nā koho e nānā ai ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania inā loaʻa ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao home. Na kēia mau pūnaewele e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻike hou e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana mai, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku, ke kaulike o ke kālepa, nā uku, nā kahe kālā, a me nā mea pili pili kālepa pili e pili ana i ka ʻāina ʻo Sepania.

Nā paepae B2b

ʻO Sepania, ʻo ia ka ʻāina hoʻomohala me ka hoʻokele waiwai ikaika, hāʻawi i nā kahua B2B like ʻole no nā ʻoihana e hoʻopili a hui pū. Eia kekahi mau kahua B2B ma Sepania me kā lākou mau pūnaewele. 1. SoloStocks (www.solostocks.com): ʻO SoloStocks kekahi o nā pūnaewele e-commerce nui ma Sepania e hoʻopili ai i nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku ma waena o nā ʻoihana like ʻole. 2. TradeKey (www.tradekey.com): ʻO TradeKey kahi mākeke B2B honua e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kālepa ma waena o nā hui Sepania a me nā mea kūʻai honua, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ākea o nā huahana a me nā lawelawe. 3. Global Sources (www.globalsources.com): ʻO Global Sources kekahi kahua B2B koʻikoʻi kahi e hiki ai i nā mea hana Spanish a me nā mea hoʻolako ke hōʻike i kā lākou huahana i nā mea kūʻai aku o ka honua, e hoʻonui i kā lākou ʻoihana. 4. Europages (www.europages.es): He papa kuhikuhi pūnaewele piha ʻo Europages e hiki ai i nā ʻoihana ke hoʻolaha i kā lākou huahana/lawelawe i ka wā e pili ana me nā hoa ʻoihana hiki ke loaʻa ma ʻEulopa. 5. Toboc (www.toboc.com): Hāʻawi ʻo Toboc i kahi kahua kālepa honua no nā hui Spanish e ʻimi nei e hoʻonui i kā lākou mākeke ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana iā lākou me nā mea kūʻai/mea hoʻolako honua. 6. Aloha Hui (hellocallday.com/en/sector/companies/buy-sell-in-spain.html): Aloha ʻia nā hui i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻoihana Paniolo i loko o ka mākeke kūloko, e hiki ai iā lākou ke kūʻai a kūʻai aku i nā waiwai/lawelawe me ka maikaʻi. 7. EWorldTrade(eworldtrade.com/spain/): Hāʻawi ʻo EWorldTrade i kahi kahua ākea kahi e hiki ai i nā mea kālepa Sepania ke launa pū me nā mea kūʻai aku o ka honua a ʻimi i nā mākeke hou ma ka honua. 8. Ofertia (ofertia.me/regional/es/madrid/ecommerce.html) : Hoʻolaha ʻo Ofertia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻaelike kūloko mai nā hale kūʻai ma Sepania, e hoʻopaʻa pono i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā hale kūʻai brick-and-mortar a me nā mea kūʻai pūnaewele. He mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō kēia o nā kahua B2B i loaʻa ma Sepania; he nui aku paha na kahua niche-specific a ʻoihana-specific platform e hoʻolako ana i nā pono kikoʻī pū kekahi. E ʻoluʻolu, e hoʻololi paha nā pūnaewele a me ka loaʻa. Manaʻo ʻia e kipa i nā pūnaewele i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i nā lawelawe i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka mākeke B2B o Sepania.