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ʻIke ʻāina
Kālā Lahui
Kumukuai
Nā lā hoʻomaha nui
Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai ʻē
Hiki i ka Makeke Hoʻomohala
Wela kuai huahana ma ka makeke
ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā kapu
Pūnaehana hoʻokele dute
Nā kulekele ʻauhau lawe mai
Nā kulekele ʻauhau hoʻokuʻu aku
Pono nā palapala hōʻoia no ka lawe ʻana aku
Paipai ʻia ka logistic
Nā ala no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku

ʻO Kazakhstan, i kapa inoa ʻia ʻo Republic of Kazakhstan, he ʻāina ʻAsia Waena i palena ʻia e Rūsia ma ka ʻākau a me ke komohana, Kina ma ka hikina, Kyrgyzstan a me Uzbekistan ma ka hema, a me Turkmenistan ma ke komohana hema. Me kahi ʻāpana ʻāina ma kahi o 2.72 miliona kilomika square (1.05 miliona mau mile square), ʻo ia ka ʻeiwa-nui loa o ka honua. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale nui o Kazakhstan ʻo Nur-Sultan, i kapa ʻia ʻo Astana a hiki i 2019 i kapa ʻia ʻo ia ma hope o kona hoʻokumu ʻana ʻo Pelekikena Nursultan Nazarbayev. ʻO Almaty ke kūlanakauhale nui loa ma Kazakhstan. He ʻano ʻāina ʻokoʻa ʻo Kazakhstan me nā steppes ākea ma kahi o ʻelua hapakolu o kona ʻāina. Hoʻopili pū ia i nā mauna e like me Altai a me Tian Shan ma ka hikina hikina. Loaʻa ka ʻāina i ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻāina me nā kauwela wela a me nā hoʻoilo anuanu. Me kahi o 19 miliona mau kānaka, he heluna kanaka ʻo Kazakhstan i ka hapa nui o ka lāhui Kazakhs me ka hapa nui o Rūsia. ʻO Kazakh ka ʻōlelo kūhelu akā ʻōlelo nui ʻia ʻo Rūsia ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole me ka ʻoihana a me ke aupuni. Ke hilinaʻi nui nei ka hoʻokele waiwai o Kazakhstan i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe e like me ka aila, gas, lanahu a me nā minela e like me ka uranium a me ke keleawe. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea hana nui o ka honua i kēia mau kumuwaiwai e hāʻawi nui i kāna ulu GDP. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kāna ʻoihana ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana me nā hubs hana ʻenehana. Ua loaʻa iā Kazakhstan ke kūʻokoʻa mai ka Soviet Union i ka makahiki 1991 a mai ia manawa ua hahai ʻo ia i nā kulekele e pili ana i ka paʻa politika a me ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai i loaʻa i nā hoʻopukapuka haole. Mālama ʻo ia i nā pilina aloha me nā ʻāina e pili ana i ke komo ʻana i nā hui honua e like me Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) a me Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Me ka waiwai moʻomeheu, hoʻolauleʻa ʻo Kazakhstan i nā kuʻuna kuʻuna e like me Nauryz Meyrami (Makahiki Hou) a me Kurban Ait (ʻahaʻaina ma hope koke o ka Hajj). Hōʻikeʻike nā mele kuʻuna a me nā haʻuki e like me Kokpar (he pāʻani holo lio) i ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu o ka ʻāina. I ka hopena, ʻo Kazakhstan he lāhui nui a ʻano like ʻole ʻo Central Asia i ʻike ʻia no kāna mau kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe, hoʻomohala wikiwiki i ka hoʻokele waiwai, a me nā hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hana hou. Ke hoʻoikaika mau nei ʻo ia e hoʻokumu i ka wā e hiki mai ana nona iho me ka mālama ʻana i kona ʻike moʻomeheu waiwai.

He ʻāina ʻo Kazakhstan ma Central Asia me kāna kālā ponoʻī, i kapa ʻia ʻo Kazakhstani tenge (KZT). ʻO ka tenge ke kālā kūhelu o Kazakhstan mai 1993 i ka wā i hoʻololi ai i ka Soviet ruble. I kēia manawa, ua like hoʻokahi kālā US me 426 KZT. Hiki ke loli ke kumukūʻai ma muli o nā kumu waiwai like ʻole. Loaʻa ke kālā i nā denominations o nā banknotes a me nā kālā. Loaʻa nā waihona kālā ma nā denomination o 200, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, a me 10,000 tenge. Loaʻa nā kālā ma nā inoa liʻiliʻi e like me 1 tenge a piʻi i 500 tenge. ʻOiai e ʻae kekahi mau ʻoihana i nā kālā ʻē aʻe e like me US dollars a i ʻole euros no kekahi mau kālepa, ʻōlelo ʻia e loaʻa ke kālā kūloko ma ka lima no nā lilo o kēlā me kēia lā ma Kazakhstan. Ua paʻa mau ke kūlana kālā ma Kazakhstan i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomau ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e kipa ana a noho lōʻihi me nā mea hou e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai kūʻai a i ʻole nā hoʻoponopono e pili ana i ka hoʻololi kālā. Pono e makaʻala i ka wā e hoʻololi ai i ke kālā a e hōʻoia ʻoe e hana pēlā ma nā panakō i ʻae ʻia a i ʻole nā lawelawe hoʻololi kaulana e pale aku ai i nā hoʻopunipuni a i ʻole nā pili hoʻopunipuni. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ka Kazakhstani tenge a me kona kūlana i kēia manawa e kōkua i ka poʻe malihini e hoʻokele i nā kālepa kālā i ka wā e hele maikaʻi ana i Kazakhstan.

ʻO ke kālā kūhelu o Kazakhstan ʻo ka Kazakhstani tenge (KZT). E pili ana i nā kumukūʻai kūʻai kokoke, e ʻoluʻolu e hiki ke loli a ʻokoʻa paha ma muli o ke kumu a me ka manawa. Eia kekahi mau kumukūʻai kūʻai kokoke i ʻOkakopa 2021: - 1 USD (Dala ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa) ≈ 434 KZT - 1 EUR (Euro) ≈ 510 KZT - 1 GBP (Pauna Pelekania) ≈ 594 KZT - 1 JPY (Iene Kepani) ≈ 3.9 KZT E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau uku no ka ʻike ʻike wale nō a ʻokoʻa paha i kēlā me kēia manawa. No nā kumukūʻai hoʻololi hou a pololei, ʻōlelo ʻia e nīnau i kahi ʻoihana kālā hilinaʻi a hoʻohana paha i kahi mea hoʻololi kālā pūnaewele.

ʻO Kazakhstan, aia ma Central Asia, hoʻolauleʻa i nā lā hoʻomaha nui i ka makahiki. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻahaʻaina koʻikoʻi ʻo Nauryz Meyrami, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Spring Festival. ʻO kēia lā hoʻomaha kahiko ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna a hoʻolauleʻa ʻia i ka lā 22 o Malaki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO Nauryz Meyrami kahi hoʻolauleʻa hauʻoli a hoʻohiwahiwa i paʻa loa i nā kuʻuna a me nā loina Kazakh. He hōʻailona ia i ka lokahi, hoʻohou, a me nā hoʻomaka hou. I loko o kēia ʻahaʻaina, ʻaʻahu nā kānaka i nā lole kuʻuna a komo i nā hana moʻomeheu like ʻole. ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o Nauryz Meyrami ke kūkulu nei i kahi kauhale yurt kahi e ʻike ai ka poʻe i ke ola nomadic. ʻO nā pāʻani kuʻuna e like me "Kokpar," he pāʻani kauo lio e like me ka polo akā hoʻokani ʻia me ke kupapaʻu kao ma mua o ke kinipōpō, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kēia manawa. Hui pū nā ʻohana e leʻaleʻa i nā ʻahaʻaina me nā kīʻaha kuʻuna e like me "beshbarmak" (he kīʻaha ʻiʻo i lawelawe ʻia ma luna o nā noodles). ʻO kekahi lā hoʻomaha koʻikoʻi ma Kazakhstan ʻo ka lā lanakila, hoʻolauleʻa ʻia i ka lā 9 o Mei i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻomanaʻo kēia lā i ka lanakila ma luna o Nazi Kelemānia i ke Kaua Honua II a hoʻohanohano i nā poʻe koa kahiko i hakakā no ke kūʻokoʻa i ke kaua. ʻO ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā parade pūʻali koa, nā mea puhi ahi, nā ʻaha lei ma nā hoʻomanaʻo kaua, a me nā ʻahamele e hōʻike ana i nā mele aloha ʻāina. Eia kekahi, ʻo "Rukhani Zhangyru" a i ʻole Spiritual Modernization Day e pono ke ʻōlelo kūikawā ʻia no ka mea i hoʻolauna ʻia i kēia manawa e hāpai i ka ulu ʻuhane i waena o nā kamaʻāina ma waena o nā hana hou i hana ʻia e ke aupuni o Kazakhstan. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia mau hoʻolauleʻa i ka mālama ʻana i ka moʻomeheu Kazakh ma o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kuʻuna kuʻuna i hoʻoili ʻia mai nā hanauna a me ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i nā hanana mōʻaukala koʻikoʻi i hoʻohālike i ka Kazakhstan i kēia lā.

He ʻāina paʻa ʻia ʻo Kazakhstan ma Central Asia i ʻike ʻia no kāna waiwai kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka mahiʻai. Ua komo ikaika ka ʻāina i ke kālepa honua, e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole i nā ʻāina like ʻole. ʻO nā mea kūʻai nui o Kazakhstan e lawe aku i ka aila a me ke kinoea, nā metala (e like me ke keleawe, ka alumini, a me ka zinc), nā kemika, nā mīkini a me nā mea hana mīkini. ʻO ka ʻāina ka mea hana aila nui loa ma Central Asia a loaʻa iā ia nā mālama kinoea kūlohelohe. ʻO ka hopena, ʻike ʻia nā wahie mineral no ka hapa nui o ka nui o nā mea i lawe ʻia ma Kazakhstan. Ma waho aʻe o nā kumuwaiwai ikehu, lawe aku ʻo Kazakhstan i nā huahana mahiʻai e like me ka palaoa, ka bale, ka pulupulu, nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu. He ʻāina mahiʻai momona ka ʻāina e hiki ai ke hana i nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe. Hāʻawi kēia mau mea mahiʻai i ke koena kālepa o Kazakhstan ma o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā loaʻa kālā mai nā mākeke honua. ʻOiai ke hilinaʻi nui nei ka ʻāina i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā waiwai no ka hoʻomau ʻana i kāna ʻoihana, lawe pū kekahi i nā huahana like ʻole me nā mīkini a me nā lako, nā kaʻa (ʻoi aku nā kaʻa), nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻO nā hoa kālepa koʻikoʻi o Kazakhstan ʻo Rūsia - kahi e kaʻana like ai i nā pilina pili waiwai ma muli o nā kumu mōʻaukala - Kina, Italia Kelemānia a me Farani. Hoʻokomo kēia mau ʻāina i nā kumuwaiwai ikehu a me nā waiwai Kazakh ʻē aʻe. No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā hana kālepa e hoʻonui i ka ulu waiwai ma ka ʻāina a me ka honua, ua hana ke aupuni o Kazakhstan i nā hana e like me ke kau inoa ʻana i nā kuʻikahi kālepa manuahi me kekahi mau ʻāina me Turkey, Eurasian Economic Union, a me ke komo ʻana i nā hui kūloko e like me ka Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). ʻO ka mea holoʻokoʻa, ke haʻaheo nei ʻo Kazakhstan i kahi hana koʻikoʻi ma ke kālepa honua ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāna waiwai kūlohelohe me ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāna kōpili hoʻopuka.

ʻO Kazakhstan, aia ma Central Asia, he mana koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mākeke kālepa haole. ʻO ka mea mua a me ka mea nui, ua waiwai ka ʻāina i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe e like me ka aila, gas, a me nā minerala. Hāʻawi kēia nui o nā kumuwaiwai i nā manawa kūpono no nā hui kālepa honua a me nā hoʻopukapuka kālā. Eia kekahi, kaʻana like ʻo Kazakhstan i nā palena me nā ʻāina he nui me Kina a me Russia. Hāʻawi kēia mau ʻoihana pili i ke komo ʻana i nā mākeke mea kūʻai aku nui a lilo i ala ala hele no ke kālepa ma waena o ʻEulopa a me Asia. ʻO ke kūlana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻāina ma ke alanui Silk kahiko e hoʻonui hou i kona kūlana ma ke ʻano he hub no ke kālepa kūloko. Eia kekahi, ua hana ikaika ʻo Kazakhstan i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kūlana ʻoihana maikaʻi e huki ai i nā mea hoʻopukapuka haole. Ua hoʻokō ke aupuni i nā hoʻololi like ʻole i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻoihana ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻokele a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pale kānāwai. Ua hoʻonui ʻia kēia mau hana i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻokomo kālā ʻana o nā haole. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻololi ʻo Kazakhstan i kāna ʻoihana mai ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā ma o ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana e like me ka mahiʻai, ka hana ʻana, ka logistic, ka mākaʻikaʻi, a me ka ikehu hou. Hāʻawi kēia hoʻolālā diversification i nā manawa kūpono no nā ʻoihana honua e nānā ana e komo a hoʻonui i ko lākou alo i kēia mau ʻoihana ulu. Eia kekahi, he lālā ʻo Kazakhstan o nā hui kūloko e like me ka Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) a me Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kēia mau lālā i ka pilina kalepa me nā ʻāina e pili ana me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke komo i nā ʻaelike kālepa makemake me nā mokuʻāina lālā. ʻO ka mea hope akā ʻo ka mea nui, hoʻoikaika ikaika ke aupuni Kazakh i ka ulu ʻana i alakaʻi ʻia ma o nā hana e like me ka papahana "Digital Kazakhstan" e ʻimi nei e hoʻomohala i kahi kaiaola kikohoʻe e kūpono i ka hoʻokūkū waiwai. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe o Kazakhstan i hui pū ʻia me kona wahi ʻāina maikaʻi e lilo ia i wahi hoʻokipa maikaʻi no ka hoʻopukapuka kālepa haole. ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana o ke aupuni i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kūlana ʻoihana e hoʻonui i kona hiki ke lilo i mākeke holomua no nā hui honua e ʻimi nei i nā manawa hou ma Central Asia.

No ke koho ʻana i nā huahana kaulana no ka mākeke kalepa ʻē aʻe ma Kazakhstan, pono e noʻonoʻo i nā kumu waiwai, moʻomeheu, a me nā mea kūʻai aku. Hiki ke kōkua i ke kaʻina hana koho huahana: 1. Ka nānā 'ana i ka mākeke: E hana i ka nānā 'ana i ka mākeke Kazakhstani no ka 'ike 'ana i nā 'ano like 'ole a me nā koi. E hoʻomaopopo i ka mana kūʻai o nā mea kūʻai, kā lākou makemake, a me nā ʻano nohona. 2. E ʻike i nā ʻāpana ulu: E ʻike i nā ʻāpana ulu nui i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Kazakhstan e like me ke kūkulu ʻana, ka ikehu, ka mahiʻai, ke kelepona, a me ka mākaʻikaʻi. E noʻonoʻo i ke koho ʻana i nā huahana e hoʻokō i nā pono o kēia mau ʻāpana. 3. Noʻonoʻo moʻomeheu: E noʻonoʻo i ka noʻonoʻo moʻomeheu i ke koho ʻana i nā huahana no Kazakhstan. E mālama i nā loina a me nā kuʻuna kūloko i ke koho ʻana i nā mea i makemake ʻia e nā mea kūʻai. 4. Ka noiʻi hoʻokūkū: E noiʻi i nā mea hoʻokūkū kūloko e hana kūleʻa ana i ka mākeke kālepa haole o Kazakhstan. E ʻike i kā lākou mau huahana huahana a hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i nā āpau a i ʻole nā manawa kūpono kahi e ulu ai kāu huahana ponoʻī. 5. ʻO ka hōʻoia maikaʻi: E hōʻoia i nā huahana i koho ʻia e hoʻokō i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe i ʻae ʻia ma nā mākeke honua ʻelua a me nā kānāwai lawe mai Kazakhstani. 6. Ka hoʻokūkū kumu kūʻai: E noʻonoʻo i nā hoʻolālā kumu kūʻai i ke koho ʻana i nā huahana no ka lawe ʻana aku e hoʻomau i ka hoʻokūkū ma ka mākeke Kazakhstani me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka maikaʻi. 7. Nā koho hoʻololi: E ʻimi i nā koho no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā huahana i koho ʻia no nā koi a makemake paha o nā mea kūʻai Kazakhstani me ka hoʻololi ʻole ʻana i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona nui. 8. Ka nānā ʻana i ka papa inoa o nā waiwai i pāpā ʻia: E kākau inoa i ka ʻike o nā waiwai i pāpā ʻia ma ka nānā ʻana i nā kino hoʻoponopono e like me ka pūnaewele Customs Union a i ʻole kekahi hui aupuni kūpono ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā mea āu e makemake ai e hoʻokuʻu aku/hoʻokomo i loko a i waho o Kazakhstan. Nā koi 9.Logistics: E noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano loiloi e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai o ka lawe ʻana i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā waiwai mai kou ʻāina i Kazakhstan ʻoiai ke koho ʻana i nā mea kūpono no nā kumu kālepa haole. 10. Ka hui pū ʻana o nā hoa hana: E hoʻoikaika i kou kūleʻa ma o ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea hoʻolaha kūloko a i ʻole nā luna i loaʻa ka ʻike maikaʻi o nā mākeke kūloko no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā ʻike koʻikoʻi e pili ana i nā koho ʻano kaulana i waena o nā mea kūʻai aku e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka holomua o nā mea koho. 11. Nā hoʻolālā kūʻai: E hoʻomohala i nā hoʻolālā kūʻai kūpono i kūpono i ka mākeke Kazakhstani. Hōʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa a me nā pono o nā huahana i koho ʻia e huki ai i nā mea kūʻai aku. Ma ka hahai ʻana i kēia mau ʻanuʻu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hoʻoholo ʻike e pili ana i ke koho huahana kaulana no ke kālepa haole ma Kazakhstan, e hoʻonui ana i kou manawa e kūleʻa ai i kēia mākeke.

ʻO Kazakhstan, ka mea i kapa inoa ʻia ʻo ka Repubalika o Kazakhstan, he ʻāina paʻa i ka ʻāina ma Asia Waena. Me ka heluna kanaka like ʻole a me ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu waiwai, hōʻike ʻo Kazakhstan i nā ʻano mea kūʻai kūʻokoʻa. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka mea kūʻai aku ma Kazakhstan ʻo ko lākou manaʻo ikaika o ka hoʻokipa. ʻIke ʻia ka poʻe Kazakh no ko lākou ʻano ʻoluʻolu a hoʻokipa i nā malihini. I ka hana ʻana i ka ʻoihana a i ʻole ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea kūʻai aku ma kēia ʻāina, he mea nui e pānaʻi i kēia hoʻokipa ma ka hōʻike ʻana i ka mahalo a me ka mahalo i kā lākou mau kuʻuna. ʻO kekahi ʻano mea kūʻai aku kaulana ma Kazakhstan ʻo kā lākou makemake no ka pilina pilikino a me ka launa pū ʻana me ke alo. He mea koʻikoʻi ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hilinaʻi ma o nā pilina pilikino i ka wā e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻoihana ma kēia ʻāina. He mea naʻauao ke hāʻawi manawa i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā pilina ma o ka hele ʻana i nā hui kaiaulu a i ʻole ke kono ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku no ka ʻai ma waho o ka wahi hana. Ma ke ʻano o nā kapu a i ʻole ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu, aia kekahi mau mea e ʻike ʻia i ka wā e pili ana i nā mea kūʻai mai Kazakhstan. ʻO ka mea mua, he mea nui e pale aku i ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā kumuhana koʻikoʻi e like me ka politika a i ʻole ka hoʻomana ke ʻole ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e hoʻopuka iā lākou iho. Hiki i kēia mau kumuhana ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa pinepine a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā kūlana hōʻoluʻolu. Eia kekahi, mahalo nui ʻia ka manawa ma ka moʻomeheu Kazakh; no laila, ʻo ka hōʻea ʻana i ka manawa no nā hālāwai a me nā koho ʻana he mea nui ia e mālama i ka hilinaʻi ʻoihana. ʻO ka lohi me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i kahi kalahala maoli hiki ke hōʻino i nā pilina ʻoihana. Eia kekahi, pono e ʻaʻahu pono i ka wā e hālāwai ai me nā mea kūʻai aku a i ʻole e hele ana i nā hanana kūikawā ma Kazakhstan. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i nā lole e hōʻike i ka nui o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā ʻaʻahu kūpono ʻole i manaʻo ʻia he hōʻino ʻole i nā loina kūloko. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano mea kūʻai aku a me nā moʻomeheu moʻomeheu o Kazakhstan hiki ke hoʻonui nui i nā pilina ʻoihana kūleʻa i loko o ka ʻāina. Ma ka hōʻike ʻana i ka mahalo i nā kuʻuna kuʻuna, ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pilina pilikino e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi, ka pale ʻana i nā kumuhana koʻikoʻi i ka wā e kamaʻilio ai a me ka mahalo ʻana i nā loina kūloko e pili ana i ka manawa a me ka ʻaʻahu kūpono e kōkua i nā ʻike ʻoihana maikaʻi me nā mea kūʻai aku Kazakhstani.

He ʻāina paʻa ʻia ʻo Kazakhstan ma Central Asia me kahi kuʻuna kūʻokoʻa a me kahi ʻōnaehana neʻe i kau ʻia ma kona mau palena. Eia kekahi mau mea koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele dute o Kazakhstan a me kekahi mau manaʻo nui no ka poʻe huakaʻi: Pūnaehana hoʻokele dute: 1. Ka Immigration: I ka hōʻea ʻana, pono nā malihini a pau e hōʻike i kahi passport kūpono me ka liʻiliʻi o ʻeono mahina i koe. Pono paha kahi visa, ma muli o ka lāhui o ka mea hele. Pono ka poʻe kipa e hoʻopiha i kahi palapala neʻe, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā luna palena. 2. Hoʻolaha Dute: Pono ka poʻe huakaʻi e hoʻopiha i kahi palapala hōʻike dute, e hōʻike ana i nā mea a lākou e lawe mai nei i loko o ka ʻāina i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā haʻawina dute-free a i ʻole nā mea i kapu ʻia/i pāpā ʻia (e like me nā pū a i ʻole narcotics). Pono e mālama i kēia palapala a hiki i ka haʻalele ʻana e like me ke noi ʻana e nā luna dute. 3. Hōʻike kālā: ʻAʻohe palena i ka nui o ke kālā e hiki ke lawe ʻia i Kazakhstan; akā naʻe, pono e haʻi ʻia nā huina i ʻoi aku ma mua o $10,000 (a i ʻole like) ma ka hōʻea ʻana a i ʻole ka haʻalele ʻana. 4. ʻAla ʻAi Duty-Free: ʻO ka haʻawina dute-free no nā mea ponoʻī e like me nā lole a me nā mea uila he kūpono maʻamau; akā naʻe, pili paha nā kapu i kekahi mau huahana e like me ka waiʻona a me ka paka. Nā manaʻo nui: 1. Nā mea i pāpā ʻia: He mau kānāwai koʻikoʻi ʻo Kazakhstan e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana mai / lawe aku i nā waiwai kikoʻī e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau/narcotics, nā pū, nā mea kaua, nā mea moʻomeheu me ka ʻole o nā palapala / ʻae kūpono, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. nā hoʻopaʻi a i ʻole nā hihia pili kānāwai. 2. Nā mea i hoʻomalu ʻia: Ua pāpā loa ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau/narcotics ma Kazakhstan a loaʻa i nā hopena koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻopaʻahao. 3. Nā Hua holoholona/Kai ʻAi: ʻO ka lawe ʻana mai i kekahi mau meaʻai e like me nā huaʻai hou a i ʻole nā huaʻai holoholona e like me ka ʻiʻo/waiwai e koi ʻia i nā palapala ʻae/palapala ʻē aʻe ma muli o nā hoʻoponopono hoʻomaʻemaʻe i hoʻokō ʻia e nā luna. 4.Travel Documents / Documents Verification : E mālama pono i kāu mau palapala huakaʻi me nā visa komo pono i kou noho ʻana ma Kazakhstan. E lawe i kope o kāu passport a me nā palapala huakaʻi i nā manawa a pau. E hōʻoia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻike pololei i nā luna hoʻokele, no ka mea, hiki i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia a me nā palapala maoli ke hāpai i nā hopohopo. He mea nui ia e hana i ka noiʻi koʻikoʻi a noho hou me nā kānāwai hou a me nā koi ma mua o ka hele ʻana i Kazakhstan. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā lula kuʻuna e hōʻoia i ka komo ʻana i ka ʻāina me ka ʻole o nā pilikia kānāwai a i ʻole nā pilikia.

ʻO Kazakhstan, he lālā o ka Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), e hahai ana i kahi kulekele uku kūʻai maʻamau no nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai. Aia ka EAEU i nā ʻāina e like me Russia, Belarus, Armenia, a me Kyrgyzstan. E like me nā lula EAEU, hoʻohana ʻo Kazakhstan i kahi papa hana kuʻuna i hoʻohui ʻia no nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai. Hoʻololi nā kumukūʻai ma Kazakhstan ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā huahana i nā ʻano like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o nā mea pono e like me nā meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā mea waiwai a i ʻole nā mea waiwai i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole pono ke huki i nā uku kiʻekiʻe. Ma keʻano laulā, ua hoʻokō ʻo Kazakhstan i kahi ʻōnaehana uku kikoʻī kahi e uku ʻia ai nā dute lawe mai ma muli o nā kumu kikoʻī e like me ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka nui o nā mea i lawe ʻia mai. Loaʻa i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole nā kumukūʻai dute ʻokoʻa mai ka 0% a i nā pākēneka kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, aia paha nā ʻauhau a me nā uku e pili ana i kekahi mau waiwai e like me ke kānāwai aupuni. No ka laʻana, hiki ke ʻauhau ʻia ka ʻauhau ʻauhau ma kekahi mau ʻano mea inu ʻawaʻawa a me nā huahana paka e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻai nui ʻana. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o Kazakhstan i kāna mau kumukūʻai ma muli o nā kumu waiwai a i ʻole nā ʻaelike me nā ʻāina e pili ana i loko o ka EAEU framework. No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā dute hoʻokomo kikoʻī e pili ana i kahi huahana ma Kazakhstan, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nīnau i nā kumu kūhelu e like me nā luna o Kazakhstani Customs a i ʻole nā mea aʻoaʻo kālepa ʻoihana loea i nā hoʻoponopono kalepa honua ma Central Asia.

Aia ʻo Kazakhstan, aia ma Central Asia, kahi kulekele ʻauhau i wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia no kāna mau mea kūʻai aku. Ua hoʻokō ka ʻāina i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e paipai a kākoʻo i kāna ʻoihana hoʻopukapuka. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻohana ʻo Kazakhstan i kahi ʻauhau hoʻohui waiwai (VAT) ma nā waiwai e lawe ʻia ana. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻonohonoho mau ʻia kēia ʻauhau ma ka helu ʻaʻole no kekahi mau waiwai i koho ʻia he lako ʻauhau ʻole no ka lawe ʻana aku. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻokūkū o nā huahana Kazakhstani i nā mākeke honua ma o ka hōʻemi ʻana i kā lākou kumukūʻai holoʻokoʻa. Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ka ʻāina i nā hoʻokuʻu kūikawā i nā dute dute no nā mea kūʻai aku i koho ʻia. Ke manaʻo nei kēia mau hoʻokuʻu e hoʻoikaika i ka hana ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana aku i nā waiwai kikoʻī i manaʻo ʻia he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi a i ʻole he ulu kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ka papa inoa o nā waiwai i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma muli o nā kūlana mākeke a me nā mea nui o ka ʻāina. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻo Kazakhstan i nā kuʻikahi kālepa he nui me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe a me nā bloc kūloko e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā kahe kālepa a hōʻemi i nā pale kālepa. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kēia mau ʻaelike i nā mea e pili ana i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka uku a i ʻole ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻāpana huahana i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o nā manawa i ʻae ʻia. Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ke aupuni i ke kākoʻo kālā i nā mea kūʻai aku ma o nā papahana like ʻole e like me nā haʻawina, nā hōʻaiʻē, nā ʻinikua, a me nā hōʻoia. Kōkua kēia mau hana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pilikia kālā e pili ana i nā hana hoʻopuka a hoʻonui i ka hilinaʻi ma waena o nā mea hoʻopuka. ʻO ka mea hope akā ʻo ka mea nui, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Kazakhstan i nā ʻāpana waiwai kūikawā (SEZs) a puni ka ʻāina e huki i nā hoʻopukapuka kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē i loko o nā ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia. Hāʻawi pinepine nā SEZ i nā ʻauhau ʻauhau ʻē aʻe e like me ka hoʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai ʻauhau loaʻa kālā a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu piha ʻana mai kekahi mau ʻauhau no nā ʻoihana kūpono e hana ana i loko o kēia mau ʻāpana. I ka hopena, pili ke kulekele ʻauhau waiwai o Kazakhstan i ka hui pū ʻana o ka VAT helu ʻole no kekahi mau huahana me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ke dute e kuhikuhi ana i nā waiwai kikoʻī i koʻikoʻi no ka ulu waiwai. Hoʻonui hou aku nā kuʻikahi kālepa i nā manawa e komo ai i ka mākeke ʻoiai ke manaʻo nei nā ʻoihana kākoʻo kālā o ke aupuni e hōʻemi i nā pilikia e pili ana i nā hana hoʻopukapuka. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, hāʻawi kēia mau hana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kaiapuni kūpono i ka hoʻolaha ʻana mai Kazakhstan.

He ʻāina ʻo Kazakhstan ma ʻAsia Waena, ʻike ʻia no kāna mau kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a me kona wahi hoʻolālā. Ma keʻano he mea kūʻai nui, ua hoʻokumu ka'āina i kahi pūnaewele kūpono e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi a me kaʻoiaʻiʻo o kāna mau hoʻokuʻuʻana ma o nā kaʻina hana hōʻoia. ʻO kekahi o nā palapala hōʻoia nui no ka lawe ʻana mai Kazakhstan ʻo ia ka Certificate of Origin (CO). Hōʻoia kēia palapala i nā huahana i hana ʻia a i hana ʻia ma Kazakhstan e hoʻokō i nā koina kikoʻī i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā ʻaelike kālepa honua. Hāʻawi ka CO i nā hōʻike no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana mai kēia ʻāina, hiki ke kōkua i nā mea lawe mai e koi i ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole nā pōmaikaʻi ma lalo o nā ʻaelike kālepa e like me GSP (Generalized System of Preferences). Eia kekahi, hahai pū ʻo Kazakhstan i nā kūlana honua e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a me ka palekana. Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e loaʻa nā palapala hōʻoia e like me ISO 9001 (Quality Management Systems) a me ISO 22000 (Food Safety Management Systems) e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana honua. Ua ʻike nui ʻia kēia mau palapala hōʻoia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa a kōkua i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hilinaʻi ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku. Ma kahi o kēia mau palapala hōʻoia, hoʻokō pū ʻo Kazakhstan i nā lula kūikawā no kekahi mau ʻano huahana. No ka laʻana, pono nā huahana mahiʻai i nā palapala hōʻoia phytosanitary e hōʻike i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kānāwai olakino mea kanu. Pēlā nō, pono nā kemika a me nā mea pōʻino i nā Pepa ʻIkepili Palekana (SDS) e wehewehe ana i kā lākou haku mele ʻana, nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me nā pōʻino. No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku, hāʻawi nā mana o Kazakhstani i ke kōkua ma o nā hui e like me Kazakh Invest -he hui hoʻolaha kālā hoʻopukapuka aupuni - nāna e hāʻawi i nā lawelawe kākoʻo piha me ka ʻike e pili ana i nā koi e hoʻokuʻu aku ai, ka ʻikepili noiʻi mākeke e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻike ākea i nā mākeke haole. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ʻo Kazakhstan i ka hōʻoia ʻana e hoʻokō ʻia nā kūlana hōʻoia i waho no nā pilina kalepa maʻemaʻe ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa aʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā manawa waiwai i loko o ka ʻāina. I ka hopena, ua hilinaʻi nā kaʻina hana hōʻoia i waho o Kazakhstan i nā palapala hōʻoia o ke kumu e hōʻike ai i nā huahana 'hoʻomaka mai Kazakhstan. nā huahana mahiʻai, pono i nā palapala hōʻoia phytosanitary aʻo nā mea kemika e koi ana i ka SDS. ʻO nā keʻena Facilitation e kōkua i nā mea kūʻai aku e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻikepili mākeke, nā manawa hoʻopukapuka a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike koi koi.

ʻO Kazakhstan ka ʻāina paʻa ʻāina nui loa o ka honua, aia ma Central Asia. Loaʻa iā ia kahi wahi kikoʻī kikoʻī, e pili ana iā ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, e lilo ia i wahi koʻikoʻi no ke kālepa a me ka logistic. Eia kekahi mau lawelawe logistics a me ka ʻike e pili ana iā Kazakhstan: 1. Nā mokulele: He nui nā mokulele honua ʻo Kazakhstan e like me Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport ma Nur-Sultan (ʻo Astana ma mua) a me Almaty International Airport ma Almaty. Hāʻawi kēia mau mokulele i nā lawelawe ukana ea, me ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai ma ka lewa i nā wahi like ʻole. 2. Nā Ala Kaʻaahi: He ʻupena kaʻaahi nui ʻo Kazakhstan e pili ana i nā ʻāina pili e like me Kina a me Rusia. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka ʻāina o ka Silk Road Economic Belt initiative, e hāpai ana i ke kālepa ma o ka lawe kaʻaahi. 3. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ke alanui: Ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻōnaehana alanui ma Kazakhstan, me kahi ʻoihana nui o nā alaloa e hoʻopili ana i nā wahi like ʻole i loko o ka ʻāina a me nā ʻāina e pili ana. ʻO ka halihali ukana ma ke alanui ka mea nui no ka logistics kūloko. 4. Nā awa kai: ʻOiai ʻaʻole pili pono i ka moana a i ʻole ke kai, hoʻohana ʻo Kazakhstan i nā awa ma ke Kai Caspian no nā moku honua. ʻO ke awa ʻo Aktau kahi hub nui no ka lawe ʻana i nā ukana, e hāʻawi ana i ka pilina me nā awa ʻē aʻe o ke Kai Caspian. 5. Nā kaʻina hana dute: I ka wā e hoʻokō ai i nā hana hoʻokomo a hoʻokuʻu aku i Kazakhstan, pono e kamaʻāina i nā hoʻoponopono kuʻuna e hōʻoia i ka holo mālie o nā waiwai ma nā palena. Pono nā palapala kūpono a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi kuʻuna no ka hana logistics kūpono. 6. Nā hui Logistics: Nui nā ʻoihana logistic kūloko a me ka honua e hana ana ma Kazakhstan e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻano lawelawe e like me ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ukana, nā hoʻonā hale kūʻai, ke kōkua ʻae ʻana i ka dute, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaʻa (TMS), nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kaulahao, etc. 7.Waehousing hale: Loaʻa nā hale waihona kālā ma nā kūlanakauhale nui e like me Nur-Sultan (Astana), Almaty, a me Karagandy e hāʻawi ana i kahi waiho no nā kumu hoʻokele waiwai a i ʻole nā hana cross-docking. 8. Nā papahana hoʻomohala ʻenehana Logistics: No ka hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻana i kona hiki i ka logistics, ua hoʻokō ʻo Kazakhstan i nā papahana hoʻomohala ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka Khorgos Gateway, kahi awa maloʻo nui ma ka palena me Kina, ke manaʻo nei e hoʻoikaika i ke kālepa ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka halihali a me ka lawelawe ʻana. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā lawelawe logistics i ʻōlelo ʻia a me ka ʻike e pili ana iā Kazakhstan. E like me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hana kālepa, hāʻawi ʻo Kazakhstan i nā manawa he nui no ka hoʻokele waiwai hoʻolako kūpono. Manaʻo ʻia e nīnau i nā loea kūloko a i ʻole nā mea lawelawe logistic no nā koi kikoʻī i ka wā e pili ana i ka logistic ma Kazakhstan.

Hōʻike kālepa koʻikoʻi

He ʻāina ulu wikiwiki ʻo Kazakhstan ma Central Asia, a ua huki ʻo ia i kekahi mau mea kūʻai nui honua no ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Hāʻawi ka ʻāina i nā ala like ʻole no ke kūʻai ʻana o ka honua a komo i nā hōʻike kālepa koʻikoʻi e hōʻike i kāna huahana a me nā lawelawe. ʻO kekahi o nā ala kūʻai kūʻai honua koʻikoʻi ma Kazakhstan ʻo ka Astana International Financial Center (AIFC). Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo AIFC ma ke ʻano he hui kālā kālā honua e huki i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā a hoʻolaha i nā hana ʻoihana. Hāʻawi ia i kahi kahua no nā hui ʻē aʻe e hoʻopili ai, e komo i nā pilina, a komo i ke kālepa me Kazakhstan. Nui ka poʻe kūʻai kūʻai honua i makemake iā AIFC ma muli o kāna mau hoʻoponopono maikaʻi, nā ʻauhau ʻauhau, a me ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻike. ʻO kahi ala nui ʻē aʻe no ke kūʻai ʻana ma Kazakhstan ma o nā tender aupuni. Hoʻolaha mau ke aupuni i nā makana no nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana, nā hana ikehu, nā hana kūkulu, nā ʻōnaehana olakino, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻonohonoho pū ʻo Kazakhstan i kekahi mau hōʻikeʻike kālepa koʻikoʻi e lilo i kahua no nā mea kūʻai aku honua. Ua mālama ʻia ʻo Expo Astana ma 2017 a ua huki ʻia nā miliona o nā malihini mai ka honua a puni. Hōʻike ia i nā mea hou mai nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ka ikehu, ka hoʻolālā, ka halihali, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi ana i nā manawa no nā ʻoihana e hoʻopaʻa i ka pilina me nā hui Kazakhstani. Ma waho aʻe o Expo Astana, aia kekahi mau hōʻikeʻike ʻoihana ʻē aʻe i mālama ʻia i loko o ka makahiki e mālama ana i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī e like me ka ʻoihana ʻaila a me ke kinoea (KIOGE), ʻoihana mining (MiningWorld Central Asia), mahiʻai a me ka hana ʻai (AgriTek/FoodTek), etc. Hāʻawi kēia mau hōʻikeʻike i kahi ʻike piha o nā ʻoihana kikoʻī i loko o Kazakhstan ʻoiai e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i nā manawa pūnaewele ma waena o nā ʻoihana kūloko a me nā mea pāʻani honua. Eia kekahi, komo pinepine nā mea hoʻopukapuka haole i nā ʻaha kūkā i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā hui kaulana Kazakhstani e like me Atameken National Chamber of Entrepreneurs a i ʻole Foreign Investors Council i alakaʻi ʻia e ka Pelekikena o Kazakhstan ponoʻī e hāʻawi i kahi ala ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā poʻe koʻikoʻi i loko o ke kaiāulu ʻoihana o ka ʻāina. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua puka mai ka e-commerce ma ke ʻano he ala nui no ka kūʻai ʻana o ka honua ma Kazakhstan. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi mau mākeke pūnaewele e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kālepa virtual ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻO nā papahana e like me Chocotravel, Kaspi, Technodom, a me nā mea hou aʻe i loaʻa i ka kaulana a hāʻawi i kahi ākea o nā huahana hiki ke loaʻa i ka honua. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, hāʻawi ʻo Kazakhstan i nā ala like ʻole no ke kūʻai ʻana o ka honua e like me AIFC, nā makana aupuni, nā hōʻikeʻike kālepa/hōʻikeʻike, nā ʻaha kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a me nā kahua e-commerce holomua. ʻO kēia mau ala e hiki ai i nā mea kūʻai aku honua ke komo i ka mākeke ulu o ka ʻāina i ka wā e hoʻoulu ai i ka pilina me nā ʻoihana Kazakhstani ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Nānā: Ua ʻoi aku ka helu o ka huaʻōlelo ma mua o 600 mau huaʻōlelo; ʻO kēia ka pane i hana ʻia e ke kumu hoʻohālike ʻōlelo OpenAI GPT-3 a pono paha e hoʻoponopono hou aʻe e kūpono i loko o ka palena o ke ʻano.

Nā mīkini huli maʻamau

Nui nā ʻenekini huli maʻamau ma Kazakhstan me kā lākou mau URL pūnaewele. Kōkua kēia mau ʻenekini huli i nā mea hoʻohana e ʻimi i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā kumuhana like ʻole, me ka nūhou, ka leʻaleʻa, ka hoʻonaʻauao, a me nā mea hou aku. Eia kekahi mau ʻenekini huli kaulana ma Kazakhstan: 1. ʻO Yandex - ʻO Yandex kahi hui multinational Lūkini e hana ana i ka ʻenekini huli nui loa ma Rūsia a hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Kazakhstan pū kekahi. Hāʻawi ia i nā hopena hulina kūpono me nā lawelawe hou e like me ka leka uila, nā palapala ʻāina, a me nā nūhou. Paena pūnaewele: www.yandex.kz 2. Google - ʻO Google ka ʻenekini huli kaulana loa ma ka honua a hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Kazakhstan. Hāʻawi ia i nā hopena hulina pololei, nā palapala ʻāina, nā lawelawe unuhi, ka leka uila (Gmail), ka mālama ʻana i ke ao (Google Drive), a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe. Paena pūnaewele: www.google.kz 3. Mail.Ru - ʻO Mail.Ru kahi hui pūnaewele Lūkini e hāʻawi ana i nā lawelawe pūnaewele like ʻole me kahi koho ʻenekini huli i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Kazakhstan. Hoʻopili ia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā maʻiʻo pilikino e mālama ana i nā pono pilikino. Pūnaewele: www.mail.ru 4. ʻO Rambler - ʻO Rambler kekahi puka punaewele Lūkini e hāʻawi ana i nā lawelawe pūnaewele like ʻole e like me ka lawelawe leka uila (Rambler Mail), kahua hōʻuluʻulu nūhou (Rambler News), heluhelu horoscope (Rambler Horoscopes), a me nā mea hou aku. Pūnaewele: www.rambler.ru 5. Bing - ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me nā koho i haʻi ʻia ma luna nei, ʻo Bing na Microsoft ke ʻano ʻokoʻa no ka ʻimi ʻana ma ka pūnaewele ma Kazakhstan no kekahi mau mea hoʻohana. Pūnaewele: www.bing.com He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka loaʻa pinepine ʻana o kēia mau ʻenekini huli honua kaulana a i ʻole ma o nā mana kūloko a i ʻole nā ʻāina ʻāina no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike mea hoʻohana a me ka pili. E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomanaʻo e loli paha kēia ʻike i ka manawa ma muli o ka holomua ʻenehana a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā makemake o nā mea hoʻohana; no laila e ʻōlelo mau ʻia e nānā i nā mea hou i kēia manawa ke ʻimi nei i ka ʻike kikoʻī me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi o kēia mau kahua.

Nā ʻaoʻao melemele nui

ʻO Kazakhstan, aia ma Central Asia, he ʻāina me ka hoʻokele waiwai like ʻole a me nā ʻoihana like ʻole. Aia ma lalo iho nā papa kuhikuhi ʻaoʻao melemele nui ma Kazakhstan me kā lākou mau pūnaewele. 1. Kazakhtelecom Yellow Pages (www.yellowpages.kz): Ua uhi kēia papa kuhikuhi i nā ʻoihana like ʻole a hāʻawi i ka ʻike pili no nā ʻoihana a puni ka ʻāina. 2. 2GIS Kazakhstan (www.2gis.kz): Hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele i kahi papa kuhikuhi nui o nā ʻoihana a me nā lawelawe ma Kazakhstan, me nā helu kelepona, nā helu wahi, nā hola hana, a me nā loiloi o nā mea kūʻai aku. 3. Allbiz Kazakhstan (kazakhstan.all.biz): ʻO Allbiz kahi mākeke pūnaewele e hāʻawi ana i nā papa inoa ʻoihana ma nā ʻāina he nui, me Kazakhstan. Hāʻawi ia i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ka mahiʻai, ke kūkulu hale, ka halihali, a me nā mea hou aku. 4. Papa kuhikuhi Pāʻoihana Expat.com (www.expat.com/en/business/asia/kazakhstan): He papa kuhikuhi pāʻoihana ko Expat.com no nā hui e hana ana ma nā kūlanakauhale like ʻole o Kazakhstan. Loaʻa iā ia nā kikoʻī kikoʻī o nā ʻoihana kūloko e kōkua i nā expatriates e ʻimi i nā huahana a i ʻole nā lawelawe kūpono. 5. Ka Papa Kuhikuhi Pāʻoihana Kazakh-British Chamber of Commerce (kbcc.org.uk/membership/business-directory): Mālama ka Kazakh-British Chamber of Commerce i kahi papa kuhikuhi e hōʻike ana i nā ʻoihana o kāna mau lālā e hana ana ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole i loko o Kazakhstan. 6. UCell Yellow Pages (yellowpages.ucell.by): ʻO UCell kekahi o nā mea hoʻolako kelepona nui ma ka ʻāina e lawelawe pū ana i kahi paepae ʻaoʻao melemele pūnaewele e hāʻawi ana i nā kikoʻī pili no nā ʻoihana ma waena o nā ʻoihana. 7. Tourister-KZ Business Portal (business.tourister.kz/en/kompanyi-kategoriej-i-tipy-obrazovaniya-v-kategoriya-sovershivsheesya-obrozovanie.html): Me ka nānā ʻana i nā kula hoʻonaʻauao a me nā kikowaena hoʻonaʻauao i loko o ka ʻāina, Hōʻike ka puka pāʻoihana ʻo Tourister-KZ i nā kula ma nā pae like ʻole a me nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā i loaʻa i nā haumāna. ʻO kēia kekahi mau papa kuhikuhi palapala melemele kaulana ma Kazakhstan e hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike piha e pili ana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, nā lawelawe, a me nā ʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao ma ka ʻāina.

Nā papahana kālepa nui

ʻO Kazakhstan, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻoihana ulu wikiwiki loa ma Central Asia, ua ʻike i ka hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi i kāna ʻoihana e-commerce. Eia kekahi o nā papahana e-commerce nui ma Kazakhstan me kā lākou mau pūnaewele: 1. Wildberries.kz: He wahi kūʻai pūnaewele kaulana ʻo Wildberries e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole me nā lole, nā mea uila, nā waiwai home, a me nā mea hou aku. Paena pūnaewele: www.wildberries.kz 2. Lamoda.kz: ʻO Lamoda kahi mea kūʻai aku ma ka pūnaewele i ʻike ʻia no kāna hōʻiliʻili nui o nā lole, kāmaʻa, a me nā mea pono no nā kāne a me nā wahine. Paena pūnaewele: www.lamoda.kz 3. Kaspi.kz: ʻAʻole ʻo Kaspi he kahua e-commerce wale nō akā he ʻoihana ʻenehana kālā koʻikoʻi e hāʻawi ana i nā lawelawe kikohoʻe like ʻole e like me nā uku pūnaewele a me nā hoʻonā panakō. Paena pūnaewele: www.kaspi.kz 4. Technodom.kz: Hoʻolaha ʻo Technodom i nā mea uila a me nā mea hana hale, e hāʻawi ana i kahi koho nui o nā smartphones, laptops, TV, nā lako kīhini, a me nā mea hou aku. Paena pūnaewele: www.technodom.kz 5. Chocolife.me/kz: He kahua kaulana ʻo Chocolife e kālele ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kuʻikahi a me nā uku no nā huahana a me nā lawelawe like ʻole me nā ʻike ʻai ma nā hale ʻaina, nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa spa, nā pūʻolo huakaʻi etc. Paena pūnaewele: www.chocolife.me/kz 6. Gulliver.com : He wahi kūʻai kūʻai ʻo Gulliver e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole e like me nā lole a me nā mea pono i nā uila a me nā hāmeʻa mai nā mea kūʻai aku kūloko a i nā hōʻailona honua. 7.Avito-KZ.avito.ru - Hāʻawi ʻo Avito-KZ i nā hoʻolaha hoʻolaha no nā poʻe e kūʻai a kūʻai aku i nā mea hou a i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea hale a i ʻole nā kaʻa. He mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō kēia o nā kahua e-commerce kaulana ma Kazakhstan e hoʻolako ana i nā pono like ʻole mai ke ʻano a hiki i nā mea uila a hiki i nā kuʻikahi hoʻemi i nā lawelawe/huahana like ʻole.

ʻO nā pūnaewele media nui

Ma Kazakhstan, nui nā pūnaewele media kaulana i hoʻohana ʻia e nā kānaka e hoʻopili a kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kekahi. Eia kekahi o nā pūnaewele pūnaewele i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma Kazakhstan: 1. VKontakte (VK): He kahua pāʻoihana kaiapili pūnaewele Lūkini i kaulana nui ma Kazakhstan. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hana i nā moʻolelo, kaʻana like i nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō, hui pū i nā hui, a me ka leka uila i nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe. Paena pūnaewele: https://vk.com/ 2. Odnoklassniki: E like me VKontakte, ʻo Odnoklassniki kekahi pūnaewele kaiapili ma Rūsia e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke ʻimi i nā hoa papa, hoʻopili me nā hoaaloha, kaʻana like i nā mea hou a me nā ʻike media. Paena pūnaewele: https://ok.ru/ 3. Facebook: ʻOiai ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo Facebook ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i ka ʻoihana media media, he kumu hoʻohana nui hoʻi ia ma Kazakhstan. Hoʻohana ka poʻe iā ia e launa pū me nā hoaaloha, kaʻana like i nā pou a i ʻole nā ʻatikala hoihoi, hui pū i nā hui a i ʻole nā hanana. Paena pūnaewele: https://www.facebook.com 4. Instagram: Ua kaulana loa ʻo Instagram ma waena o nā ʻōpio Kazakhstani no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō me nā captions a i ʻole hashtags e hōʻike iā lākou iho me ka noʻonoʻo. 5. Telegram : Ua loaʻa i ka Telegram ka mea kaulana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ma ke ʻano he polokalamu leka uila e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻouna i nā memo, nā kiʻi, nā wikiō. & kuai i na waiwai ma ka wahi. 6.Twitter: He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko Twitter ma waena o nā ʻōpio & influencers i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā nūhou , nā manaʻo , nā hanana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe . 7.YouTube: Ua kaulana loa ʻo YouTube ma waena o nā mea hoʻohana pūnaewele Kazakhstani i ko lākou nānā ʻana i nā wikiō i hoʻopuka ʻia e nā kānaka a i ʻole nā hui a puni ka honua. .com/ . ʻO kēia kekahi o nā pūnaewele media kaulana i hoʻohana ʻia ma Kazakhstan. E hoʻomanaʻo e ʻokoʻa paha ka kaulana o kēia mau paepae ma waena o nā hui makahiki ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ʻāpana o ka ʻāina.

ʻO nā hui ʻoihana nui

ʻO Kazakhstan, aia ma Central Asia, he ʻano hana like ʻole i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻoihana like ʻole. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia mau hui i ka hāpai ʻana i nā pono a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kā lākou mau ʻāpana. Eia kekahi o nā hui ʻoihana nui ma Kazakhstan: 1. ʻAhahui Kazenergy: ʻO kēia hui e hōʻike ana i nā pono o ka māhele ikehu o Kazakhstan, me nā hui aila a me nā kinoea, nā hui hana mana, a me nā mea lawelawe. ʻO kā lākou pūnaewele https://www.kazenergy.com/. 2. Atameken National Chamber of Entrepreneurs: Aia ʻo Atameken ma ke ʻano he hui umbrella no nā hui ʻoihana he nui ma Kazakhstan. Hōʻike ia i nā pono o nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike hou aku ma https://atameken.kz/. 3. Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (Union "BI"): Ke nānā nei kēia hui i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā pono o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana a me nā ʻoihana hana ma Kazakhstan ma o nā ʻano hana like ʻole a me nā hana hoʻolaha. Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻike hou aku ma https://bi.kz/en. 4.KAZAKH INVEST - Investment Promotion Agency: KAZAKH INVEST ka manaʻo e hoʻokomo i ka hoʻopukapuka haole e hoʻololi i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Kazakhstan ma ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā mea hoʻopukapuka i kā lākou huakaʻi hoʻopukapuka me nā lawelawe e like me ka ʻike mākeke, hoʻomaʻamaʻa papahana, kākoʻo pili aupuni, etc.. ʻO kā lākou pūnaewele ʻo http:/ /invest.gov.kz/en/. 5.National Mining Association "Kazakhstan": E hōʻike ana i ka ʻoihana mining ma Kazakhstan me nā hui extractive e pili ana me nā minerale e like me ka lanahu, ka uranium ore mining operations etc.. ʻOi aku e pili ana iā lākou ma aneʻi: http://nma.kz/ 6.National Association for Development Cooperatives (NADC): Kākoʻo ʻo NADC i nā hui hui e hōʻike ana i nā ʻāpana he nui e like me nā hui mahiʻai, nā hale kūʻai meaʻai, nā lawaiʻa etc.. ʻAʻohe URL i loaʻa i kā lākou pūnaewele. E ʻoluʻolu e ʻoluʻolu e loaʻa i kekahi mau hui ʻoihana nā pūnaewele i loaʻa ma ka ʻōlelo Kazakh a i ʻole Lūkini wale nō ma muli o ko lākou nānā kūloko a i ʻole nā palena i nā kumuwaiwai Pelekane.

Nā pūnaewele pāʻoihana a kālepa

ʻO Kazakhstan, he ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia Waena, he nui nā pūnaewele waiwai a kālepa e hāʻawi i ka ʻike waiwai no nā ʻoihana a me nā mea hoʻopukapuka. Eia kekahi mau pūnaewele koʻikoʻi me kā lākou mau URL: 1. Kazakh Invest (www.invest.gov.kz): He keʻena hoʻolaha hoʻopukapuka kālā na ke aupuni e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike piha e pili ana i nā manawa hoʻopukapuka, nā ʻāpana o ka nānā ʻana, nā ʻauhau ʻauhau, a me ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ma Kazakhstan. 2. National Export and Investment Agency (www.export.gov.kz): Hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo i nā mea kūʻai aku kūloko a kōkua i ka huki ʻana i nā hoʻopukapuka kālā mai nā ʻāina ʻē ma o nā papahana like ʻole. Hāʻawi ka pūnaewele i ka ʻike mākeke pili, nā helu hoʻoiho, ka kalena hanana kālepa, etc. 3. Kazakh Chamber of Commerce and Industry (www.atameken.kz): Ma ke ʻano he hui nui loa e hōʻike ana i ka poʻe ʻoihana ma Kazakhstan, he kumu waiwai kēia no nā ʻoihana e ʻimi nei i ka mākeke a i ʻole nā manawa hui i loko o ka ʻāina. Hāʻawi ia i nā lawelawe papa kuhikuhi ʻoihana me nā kalena hanana a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe. 4. Astana International Financial Center (aifc.kz): Hoʻokumu ʻia e hoʻomohala iā Astana ma ke ʻano he hui kālā honua e hoʻopili ana iā ʻAsia me ʻEulopa a kōkua i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni ma mua o ka hilinaʻi aila; Hāʻawi kēia kahua i nā manawa he nui no nā mea hoʻopukapuka makemake i nā ʻāpana pili kālā. 5. Ke Kuhina Kalepa a Hoʻohui (miti.gov.kz/en): ʻO ka ʻoihana aupuni ke kuleana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kulekele kālepa, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hana kālepa ʻē aʻe me ka pale ʻana i nā pono o nā ʻoihana kūloko ma o nā lula like ʻole; kōkua ia i ka poʻe kālepa me ka ʻike pili e pili ana i nā kānāwai/nā hoʻoponopono e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana mai / lawe aku. 6. Atameken Union (atameken.org/en): He hui e kālele ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o SME ma Kazakhstan ma o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā lawelawe ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ma nā ʻāpana he nui: ʻo ka mahiʻai a me nā ʻoihana hana meaʻai i waena o lākou; Loaʻa i ka pūnaewele nā kumuwaiwai he nui / mea pono no nā ʻoihana ʻoihana / mea hoʻopukapuka like. 7. KAZAKHSTAN Industrialization Map 2025 (industrializationmap2015.com): Hōʻike kēia paepae i nā wahi koʻikoʻi i ʻike ʻia e ke aupuni ma ke ʻano o kāna papahana hoʻomohala ʻenehana a hiki i 2025; hāʻawi ia i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i nā papahana hoʻopukapuka, nā wahi, a me nā mea hoʻoikaika e huki ai i nā mea hoʻopukapuka. Hāʻawi kēia mau pūnaewele i kahi ākea o ka ʻike a me nā kumuwaiwai e pili ana i nā manawa hoʻopukapuka, nā kulekele kālepa, nā ʻike mākeke, a me nā hoʻoponopono ʻoihana ma Kazakhstan. Manaʻo ʻia e ʻimi i kēlā me kēia kahua ma muli o nā pono kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ʻāpana hoihoi no ka ʻike pili loa.

Nā pūnaewele nīnau ʻikepili kālepa

Aia kekahi mau pūnaewele nīnau noiʻi kālepa i loaʻa no Kazakhstan. Eia kekahi o lākou me kā lākou mau helu wahi pūnaewele: 1. Kazakhstan National Trade Repository (CNTR): Hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele kūhelu i nā helu kālepa a me nā ʻike e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana mai, nā hoʻokuʻu aku, nā uku, a me nā lula. Mālama ʻia ia e ka Ministry of Trade and Integration. Paena pūnaewele: http://www.cntr.kz 2. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) - Kazakhstan: ʻO WITS kahi hana a ka World Bank e hāʻawi ana i ke komo ʻana i nā ʻikepili kālepa honua a me nā ʻikepili uku maʻamau. Aia i loko o kā lākou waihona ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana mai, ka lawe ʻana aku, nā hoa kālepa, a me nā mea hou aku. Paena pūnaewele: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/KAZ 3. GlobalTrade.net - Kazakhstan Import-Export portal: ʻO GlobalTrade.net kahi paepae pūnaewele e kōkua ana i nā hui i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā manawa ʻoihana honua. Hāʻawi ka portal i nā kumuwaiwai kūpono e pili ana i nā hoʻoponopono hoʻopukapuka, nā hōʻike noiʻi mākeke, nā hanana kālepa, a me nā pilina pili i ka ʻoihana. Paena pūnaewele: www.globaltrade.net/expert-guides/country-profile/Kazakhstan/Market-Access 4. Trading Economics - Kazakhstan Trade Balance: Ke kālele nei kēia pūnaewele i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hōʻailona hoʻokele waiwai mai nā ʻāina like ʻole me ka ʻikepili kaulike kālepa no Kazakhstan pū kekahi. Hāʻawi ia i nā mea hoʻohana e ʻimi i nā ʻano mōʻaukala a me ka nānā ʻana i nā wānana no ka lawe ʻana mai a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ʻāina. Paena pūnaewele: https://tradingeconomics.com/kazakhstan/balance-of-trade Hiki i kēia mau pūnaewele ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i nā kahe kālepa o Kazakhstan e like me kāna mau hoa kālepa kiʻekiʻe, nā waiwai hoʻopuka nui i waho, nā uku i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā huahana kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ʻāpana, a me nā helu kaulike kālepa holoʻokoʻa. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he ʻokoʻa paha ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili ma waena o kēia mau paepae ma muli o nā kūlana hōʻike like ʻole a i ʻole ka pinepine o nā mea hou i hāʻawi ʻia e kēlā me kēia kumu. No laila, ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kumu he nui i ka wā e hana ana i kekahi noiʻi e pili ana i ke kālepa honua ma Kazakhstan

Nā paepae B2b

He ʻāina ʻo Kazakhstan ma Central Asia a he nui nā kahua B2B e mālama ana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole. Eia kekahi mau kahua B2B koʻikoʻi ma Kazakhstan me kā lākou mau wahi pūnaewele: 1. Alibaba: Hoʻopili kēia pae honua B2B i nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea hoʻolako mai nā ʻoihana like ʻole o ka honua, me nā hui e hana ana ma Kazakhstan. Pūnaewele: www.alibaba.com 2. TradeKey: ʻO TradeKey he kahua kūʻai B2B pūnaewele puni honua e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kālepa ma waena o nā mea hoʻopuka a me nā mea lawe mai a puni ka honua, me nā ʻoihana ma Kazakhstan. Paena pūnaewele: www.tradekey.com 3. EC21: Hāʻawi kēia paepae i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe no nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻopili ana i nā ʻoihana e hana ana ma Kazakhstan me nā hoa pili i ka honua. Pūnaewele: www.ec21.com 4. Nā Punawai Honua: Hāʻawi ʻo Global Sources i kahi ākea ākea o ka hoʻonā ʻana ma o kāna mākeke pūnaewele, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kālepa ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea hoʻolako ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Kazakhstan. Paena pūnaewele: www.globalsources.com 5. Made-in-China.com: Ma ke ʻano o kekahi o nā kahua B2B koʻikoʻi o Kina, hoʻopili ʻo Made-in-China.com i nā hui Kazakhstani me nā mea hoʻolako mai Kina ma waena o nā ʻoihana lehulehu. Paena pūnaewele: www.made-in-china.com 6. HKTDC (Hong Kong Trade Development Council): Hoʻokipa ʻo HKTDC i kahi kahua hoʻokele ʻoihana-i-ʻoihana pūnaewele e hoʻopili ana i nā ʻoihana Kazakhstani i nā mea hoʻolako maikaʻi mai Hong Kong a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua. Paena pūnaewele: www.hktdc.com 7. ECVV (Made-in-Kina): ʻO ECVV kekahi papahana B2B Kina nui e hāʻawi ana i nā lawelawe kālepa honua no nā hui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā ʻāina e like me Kazakhstan. Pūnaewele: en.ecvv.co.kr. 8.MachineryZone – 专注于工程、建筑和农业行业的平台。链接：www.machineryzone.cn/ 这些是Kazakhstan的一些知名的B2B平台，可以帮助当地企业与国内外潜在合作伙伴在合作伙伴在合作伙伴建立。请注意，平台的网址可能会有变化，请查证后使用。