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Chidule cha Dziko
Ndalama Yadziko
Mtengo wosinthitsira
Tchuthi Zofunika
Mkhalidwe Wamalonda Akunja
Kukula Kwa Msika
Zogulitsa zotentha pamsika
Makhalidwe a kasitomala ndi zonyansa
Customs Management System
Mfundo zamisonkho zochokera kunja
Mfundo zamisonkho zotumiza kunja
Zitsimikizo zofunika kutumiza kunja
Analimbikitsa mayendedwe
Njira zopangira ogula

Kazakhstan, yomwe imadziwika kuti Republic of Kazakhstan, ndi dziko la Central Asia lomwe lili m'malire ndi Russia kumpoto ndi kumadzulo, China kummawa, Kyrgyzstan ndi Uzbekistan kumwera, ndi Turkmenistan kumwera chakumadzulo. Ndi malo okwana pafupifupi ma kilomita 2.72 miliyoni (1.05 miliyoni masikweya mailosi), ndi dziko lachisanu ndi chinayi padziko lonse lapansi. Likulu la Kazakhstan ndi Nur-Sultan, lomwe kale limadziwika kuti Astana mpaka 2019 pomwe lidasinthidwanso pambuyo pa omwe adayambitsa Purezidenti Nursultan Nazarbayev. Komabe, mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Kazakhstan ndi Almaty. Kazakhstan ili ndi malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi mapiri akuluakulu omwe amapanga pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a gawo lake. Amaphatikizanso mapiri monga Altai ndi Tian Shan kumwera chakum'mawa. Dzikoli limakhala ndi nyengo yotentha kwambiri ku kontinenti komwe kumakhala kotentha komanso kuzizira kwambiri. Ndi anthu pafupifupi 19 miliyoni, Kazakhstan ili ndi anthu omwe amakhala makamaka amtundu wa Kazakh pamodzi ndi ochepa achi Russia. Chilankhulo chovomerezeka ndi Chikazakh koma Chirasha chimalankhulidwabe m'magawo osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza bizinesi ndi boma. Chuma cha Kazakhstan chimadalira kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe monga mafuta, gasi, malasha ndi mchere monga uranium ndi mkuwa. Ndi m'modzi mwa otsogola padziko lonse lapansi opanga zinthuzi zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa GDP. M'zaka zaposachedwa, zoyesayesa zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kusokoneza chuma chake kudzera mu chitukuko cha mafakitale kuphatikizapo malo opangira luso lamakono. Kazakhstan idalandira ufulu wodzilamulira kuchokera ku Soviet Union mu 1991 ndipo kuyambira pamenepo idatsata mfundo zokhazikika pazandale komanso kukula kwachuma zomwe zakopa mabizinesi akunja. Imasunga ubale wabwino ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo pomwe ikutenga nawo gawo m'mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi kuphatikiza Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) ndi Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). Pokhala wolemera pachikhalidwe, Kazakhstan amakondwerera miyambo yachikhalidwe monga Nauryz Meyrami (Chaka Chatsopano) ndi Kurban Ait (phwando litangotha Hajj). Mitundu ya nyimbo zachikhalidwe ndi masewera monga Kokpar (masewera okwera pamahatchi) amawonetsa chikhalidwe cha dziko. Pomaliza, Kazakhstan ndi dziko lalikulu komanso losiyanasiyana la ku Central Asia lomwe limadziwika ndi zachilengedwe, chuma chomwe chikukula mwachangu, komanso kuyesetsa kuti zinthu zisinthe. Imayesetsa mosalekeza kudzipangira tsogolo lotukuka pomwe ikusunga chikhalidwe chake cholemera.

Kazakhstan ndi dziko lomwe lili ku Central Asia ndi ndalama zake, zotchedwa Kazakhstani tenge (KZT). Tenge yakhala ndalama yovomerezeka ku Kazakhstan kuyambira 1993 pomwe idalowa m'malo mwa ruble la Soviet. Pofika pano, dola imodzi yaku US ili pafupifupi ofanana ndi 426 KZT. Mtengo wosinthanitsa ukhoza kusinthasintha malinga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachuma. Ndalamayi imabwera m'magulu a banknotes ndi makobidi. Ndalama zamapepala zimapezeka m'magulu a 200, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, ndi 10,000 tenge. Ndalama zimapezeka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono monga 1 tenge ndi kupitilira mpaka 500 tenge. Ngakhale mabizinesi ena amavomereza ndalama zakunja monga madola aku US kapena ma euro pochita zinthu zina, ndikulangizidwa kukhala ndi ndalama zakomweko zogulira tsiku ndi tsiku ku Kazakhstan. Kusintha kwa ndalama ku Kazakhstan sikunasinthe m'zaka zingapo zapitazi. Komabe, apaulendo omwe amabwera kapena kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali ayenera kudziwa zomwe zikuchitika zomwe zingakhudze mitengo yosinthira kapena malamulo okhudzana ndi kusinthana kwa ndalama. Ndikofunika kukhala osamala posinthanitsa ndalama ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mumatero kumabanki ovomerezeka kapena ntchito zodziwika bwino zosinthira ndalama kuti mupewe katangale kapena mabilu abodza. Ponseponse, kumvetsetsa kwa Kazakhstani tenge ndi momwe zilili kudzathandiza alendo kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino ndalama poyenda ku Kazakhstan moyenera.

Ndalama yovomerezeka yaku Kazakhstan ndi Kazakhstani tenge (KZT). Ponena za mitengo yosinthira, chonde dziwani kuti imatha kusinthasintha ndipo imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kumachokera komanso nthawi. Nawa mitengo yosinthira kuyambira Okutobala 2021: - 1 USD (Dola yaku United States) ≈ 434 KZT - 1 EUR (Euro) ≈ 510 KZT - 1 GBP (Mapaundi aku Britain) ≈ 594 KZT - 1 JPY (Yen waku Japan) ≈ 3.9 KZT Chonde dziwani kuti mitengoyi ndi yongodziwitsa zambiri zokha ndipo imatha kusiyana nthawi iliyonse. Kuti muwongolere mitengo yaposachedwa komanso yolondola, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi bungwe lodalirika lazachuma kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chida chosinthira ndalama pa intaneti.

Kazakhstan, yomwe ili ku Central Asia, imakondwerera maholide angapo ofunika chaka chonse. Chimodzi mwa zikondwerero zofunika kwambiri ndi Nauryz Meyrami, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti Chikondwerero cha Spring. Tchuthi chakale chimenechi ndi chiyambi cha masika ndipo chimakondwerera pa Marichi 22 chaka chilichonse. Nauryz Meyrami ndi chikondwerero chosangalatsa komanso champhamvu chozikidwa pamiyambo ndi miyambo ya Kazakh. Zimayimira mgwirizano, kukonzanso, ndi chiyambi chatsopano. Pa chikondwererochi, anthu amavala zovala zachikhalidwe komanso kuchita nawo miyambo yosiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za Nauryz Meyrami ndikukhazikitsa mudzi wa yurt komwe anthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo wosamukasamuka. Masewera achikhalidwe monga "Kokpar," masewera okoka kavalo ofanana ndi polo koma kusewera ndi nyama yambuzi m'malo mwa mpira, amakonzedwa panthawiyi. Mabanja amasonkhana pamodzi kuti asangalale ndi zakudya zachikhalidwe monga "beshbarmak" (mbale ya nyama yoperekedwa pa Zakudyazi). Tchuthi china chofunika kwambiri ku Kazakhstan ndi Tsiku Lopambana, lomwe limakondwerera pa May 9 chaka chilichonse. Tsikuli ndi lokumbukira Kupambana kwa chipani cha Nazi ku Germany mu Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse ndipo limalemekeza omenyera nkhondo onse omwe adamenyera ufulu pankhondo. Zikondwererozi ndi monga zionetsero za asilikali, zionetsero zophulitsa moto, miyambo yoika nkhata pa zikumbutso za nkhondo, ndi makonsati oimba nyimbo zosonyeza kukonda dziko lako. Komanso, "Rukhani Zhangyru" kapena kuti Tsiku lachitukuko chauzimu ndilofunikanso kutchulidwa mwapadera chifukwa lidayambitsidwa posachedwapa pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwauzimu pakati pa nzika pakati pa ntchito zamakono zomwe boma la Kazakhstan likuchita. Zikondwererozi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poteteza chikhalidwe cha Kazakh powonetsa miyambo yakale yomwe yadutsa mibadwomibadwo ndikulemekeza zochitika zakale zomwe zasintha dziko la Kazakhstan kukhala momwe liri masiku ano.

Kazakhstan ndi dziko lopanda mtunda ku Central Asia lomwe limadziwika ndi zachilengedwe zambiri, makamaka zamphamvu ndi ulimi. Dzikoli lakhala likuchita nawo malonda a mayiko osiyanasiyana, kutumiza katundu wambiri kumayiko osiyanasiyana. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zotumiza kunja ku Kazakhstan ndi mafuta ndi gasi, zitsulo (monga mkuwa, aluminiyamu, zinki), mankhwala, makina ndi zida zamakina. Dzikoli ndilomwe limapanga mafuta ambiri ku Central Asia ndipo lili ndi gasi wochuluka wochuluka. Zotsatira zake, mafuta amchere amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu lazogulitsa zonse za Kazakhstan. Kuphatikiza pa mphamvu zamagetsi, Kazakhstan imatumizanso zinthu zaulimi monga tirigu, balere, thonje, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Dzikoli lili ndi nthaka yachonde yolima yomwe imalola kulimidwa mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri. Zogulitsa kunja kwaulimizi zimathandizira kuti malonda a Kazakhstan azitha kupeza ndalama kuchokera kumisika yapadziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti dzikolo limadalira kwambiri kutumiza katundu kunja kuti lipititse patsogolo chuma chake, limaitanitsanso zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga makina ndi zipangizo, magalimoto (makamaka magalimoto), mankhwala ndi katundu wogula. Akuluakulu amalonda a Kazakhstan akuphatikizapo Russia - yomwe imagawana nawo maubwenzi apamtima chifukwa cha zifukwa zakale - China, Italy Germany ndi France. Mayikowa amaitanitsa mphamvu zamagetsi komanso zinthu zina za ku Kazakhstan. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zamalonda zomwe zikuthandizira kukula kwachuma mdziko muno komanso padziko lonse lapansi, boma la Kazakhstan lachitapo kanthu monga kusaina mapangano a malonda aulere ndi mayiko angapo kuphatikiza Turkey, Eurasian Economic Union, komanso kutenga nawo gawo mwachangu m'mabungwe achigawo monga Shanghai Cooperation Organisation(SCO). Zonsezi, dziko la Kazakhstan lili ndi gawo lalikulu pazamalonda padziko lonse lapansi pogwiritsa ntchito chuma chake chambiri komanso kusinthanitsa ntchito zake zotumiza kunja.

Kazakhstan, yomwe ili ku Central Asia, ili ndi mwayi wopititsa patsogolo msika wamalonda akunja. Choyamba, dzikoli lili ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe monga mafuta, gasi, ndi mchere. Kuchuluka kwazinthu izi kumapereka mwayi kwa mgwirizano wamalonda wapadziko lonse ndi mabizinesi. Kuphatikiza apo, Kazakhstan imagawana malire ndi mayiko angapo kuphatikiza China ndi Russia. Zachuma zoyandikanazi zimapereka mwayi wopeza misika ikuluikulu ya ogula ndipo zimakhala ngati njira zopititsira malonda pakati pa Europe ndi Asia. Malo abwino kwambiri a dzikoli m'mphepete mwa msewu wakale wa Silk akuwonjezera malo ake ngati malo opangira malonda am'madera. Kuphatikiza apo, Kazakhstan yakhala ikuchita mwachangu kukhazikitsa mabizinesi abwino kuti akope osunga ndalama akunja. Boma lakonza zosintha zosiyanasiyana zomwe cholinga chake ndi kupititsa patsogolo mabizinesi mosavuta pochepetsa njira zoyendetsera ntchito komanso kulimbikitsa chitetezo chazamalamulo. Izi zapangitsa kuti ndalama zakunja ziwonjezeke. M'zaka zaposachedwa, Kazakhstan yasintha chuma chake kusiya kudalira ndalama zamafuta poyang'ana magawo monga zaulimi, kupanga, mayendedwe, zokopa alendo, komanso mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Njira yophatikizira iyi imapereka mwayi kwa mabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi omwe akufuna kulowa kapena kukulitsa kupezeka kwawo m'mafakitale omwe akukulawa. Kuphatikiza apo, Kazakhstan ndi membala wa mabungwe osiyanasiyana am'madera monga Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) ndi Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). Umembalawu umathandizira ubale wamalonda ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo komanso kupereka mwayi wochita nawo mapangano azamalonda ndi mayiko omwe ali mamembala. Pomaliza, koma chofunikira kwambiri, boma la Kazakh limalimbikitsa kukula motsogozedwa ndi zatsopano kudzera muzinthu ngati pulogalamu ya "Digital Kazakhstan" yomwe ikufuna kukhazikitsa chilengedwe cha digito chomwe chimathandizira kupikisana pazachuma. Ponseponse, zinthu zachilengedwe za Kazakhstan komanso malo ake abwino zimachititsa kuti malowa akhale malo abwino opangira malonda akunja. Kudzipereka kwa boma pakukonza mabizinesi kumakulitsa kuthekera kwake monga msika wotukuka wamakampani apadziko lonse lapansi omwe akufuna mwayi watsopano ku Central Asia.

Kuti tisankhe zinthu zodziwika bwino pamsika wamalonda wakunja ku Kazakhstan, ndikofunikira kuganizira zachuma, chikhalidwe, komanso ogula. Zotsatirazi zingathandize posankha zinthu: 1. Kusanthula kwa msika: Pangani kuwunika bwino msika wa Kazakhstani kuti muwone zomwe zikuchitika komanso zomwe mukufuna. Zindikirani mphamvu zogulira za ogula, zomwe amakonda, ndi zizolowezi zamoyo. 2. Dziwani magawo omwe akukulirakulira: Dziwani magawo akulu akulu azachuma ku Kazakhstan monga zomangamanga, mphamvu, ulimi, matelefoni, ndi zokopa alendo. Limbikitsani kusankha zinthu zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa zamaguluwa. 3. Kuganizira za chikhalidwe: Ganizirani za chikhalidwe chanu posankha zinthu za ku Kazakhstan. Lemekezani miyambo ndi miyambo ya kwanuko posankha zinthu zimene anthu angakonde kuzilandira. 4. Kafukufuku wampikisano: Fufuzani omwe akupikisana nawo am'deralo omwe akugwira ntchito bwino pamsika wamalonda wakunja ku Kazakhstan. Dziwani zomwe amagulitsa ndikuyesa kupeza mipata kapena mwayi komwe zinthu zanu zapadera zimatha kuchita bwino. 5. Chitsimikizo cha Ubwino: Onetsetsani kuti zinthu zomwe zasankhidwa zikukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yomwe imavomerezedwa m'misika yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso malamulo a Kazakhstani otumiza kunja. 6. Kupikisana pamitengo: Ganizirani njira zamitengo posankha zinthu zotumizidwa kunja kuti zipitirire kupikisana pamsika wa Kazakhstani popanda kusokoneza ubwino. 7. Zosankha zosinthira: Onani zomwe mungasinthire zinthu zomwe mwasankha kuti zigwirizane ndi zomwe ogula aku Kazakhstani amakonda kapena zomwe amakonda osasintha kwambiri. 8.Kuwunikanso mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa:Lembetsani kumvetsetsa kwa katundu woletsedwa poyang'ana mabungwe olamulira monga tsamba la Customs Union kapena bungwe lina lililonse la boma musanasankhe zinthu zomwe mukufuna kutumiza/kutumiza ku Kazakhstan. 9.Zofunikira pazantchito: Ganizirani za kayendetsedwe kake kuphatikizapo ndalama zamayendedwe zomwe zimakhudzidwa potumiza katundu kuchokera kudziko lanu kupita ku Kazakhstan pomwe mukusankha zinthu zoyenera kuchita malonda akunja. Kugwirizana kwa 10.Partner: Limbikitsani mwayi wanu wachipambano pogwirizana ndi ogawa kapena othandizira omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chabwino cha misika yachigawo chifukwa amatha kupereka zidziwitso zokhuza zisankho zotchuka pakati pa makasitomala ndikuwonetsetsa kuyika bwino kwa zinthu zomwe mwasankha. 11.Njira zotsatsa malonda: Pangani njira zogulitsira zogwirira ntchito zogwirizana ndi msika wa Kazakhstani. Onetsani mawonekedwe apadera ndi maubwino azinthu zomwe zasankhidwa kuti mukope ogula. Potsatira izi, mutha kupanga zisankho zanzeru pazosankha zodziwika bwino zamalonda akunja ku Kazakhstan, ndikuwonjezera mwayi wanu wochita bwino pamsika uno.

Kazakhstan, yomwe imadziwika kuti Republic of Kazakhstan, ndi dziko lopanda mtunda lomwe lili ku Central Asia. Pokhala ndi anthu osiyanasiyana komanso chikhalidwe cholemera, Kazakhstan ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera amakasitomala. Chinthu chimodzi chodziwika bwino cha makasitomala ku Kazakhstan ndi kuchereza kwawo kwamphamvu. Anthu a ku Kazakhs amadziwika chifukwa cha chikondi chawo komanso kuchereza alendo. Pochita bizinesi kapena kucheza ndi makasitomala m'dziko lino, ndikofunikira kubwezera kuchereza kumeneku posonyeza ulemu ndi kuyamikira miyambo yawo. Khalidwe lina lodziwika lamakasitomala ku Kazakhstan ndilokonda maubwenzi awo komanso kuyanjana maso ndi maso. Kupanga chidaliro kudzera m'malumikizana ndi anthu ndikofunikira pochita bizinesi mdziko muno. Kungakhale kwanzeru kupeza nthaŵi yolimbikitsa mayanjano mwa kupita ku mapwando kapena kuitana makasitomala ku chakudya kunja kwa ntchito. Pankhani ya taboos kapena kukhudzidwa kwa chikhalidwe, pali zochepa zomwe munthu ayenera kuzidziwa pochita ndi makasitomala ochokera ku Kazakhstan. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kupewa kukambirana nkhani zovuta monga ndale kapena zachipembedzo pokhapokha ngati wina adzibweretse yekha. Nkhanizi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokangana ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kusunga nthawi n'kofunika kwambiri m'chikhalidwe cha Chikazakh; chotero, kufika panthaŵi yake pamisonkhano ndi nthaŵi zoikamo anthu n’kofunika kwambiri kuti tikhalebe odalirika mwaukatswiri. Kuchedwa popanda kupepesa moona mtima kungawononge ubale wamalonda. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuvala mwaulemu mukakumana ndi makasitomala kapena kupita ku zochitika zapagulu ku Kazakhstan. Izi zikutanthauza kupeŵa zovala zosonyeza khungu kwambiri kapena zovala zosayenera zimene zingaoneke ngati zosalemekeza miyambo ya kumaloko. Ponseponse, kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a kasitomala ndi chikhalidwe cha Kazakhstan kumatha kupititsa patsogolo mabizinesi opambana mdziko muno. Posonyeza kulemekeza miyambo ya makolo, kumanga maubwenzi odalirana, kupewa nkhani zovuta kukambirana komanso kulemekeza zikhalidwe zakumaloko zokhuza kusunga nthawi komanso kuvala moyenera kudzathandiza kuti makasitomala aku Kazakhstani azikhala ndi bizinesi yabwino.

Kazakhstan ndi dziko lopanda mtunda ku Central Asia ndipo m'malire ake muli miyambo yapadera komanso njira zosamukira. Nazi zina mwazinthu zazikulu zamakasitomala ku Kazakhstan ndi zofunika kwa apaulendo: Customs Management System: 1. Kusamuka: Akafika, alendo onse ayenera kupereka pasipoti yovomerezeka ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yotsalira. Visa ingafunike, kutengera mtundu wapaulendo. Alendo akuyenera kulemba fomu yosamukira, yomwe idzadindidwe ndi oyang'anira malire. 2. Chilengezo cha Customs: Anthu apaulendo ayenera kulemba fomu yolengeza za kasitomu, yosonyeza zinthu zilizonse zimene akubwera nazo m’dzikolo zomwe zimaposa malipiro aulere kapena zinthu zoletsedwa/zoletsedwa (monga mfuti kapena mankhwala oledzeretsa). Ndikoyenera kusunga fomuyi mpaka nthawi yonyamuka monga momwe angapemphedwe ndi oyang'anira kasitomu. 3. Chilengezo cha ndalama: Palibe malire pa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zingabweretsedwe ku Kazakhstan; komabe, ndalama zopitirira $10,000 (kapena zofanana) ziyenera kulengezedwa pofika kapena ponyamuka. 4. Ndalama Zopanda Kulipiridwa: Ndalama zolipirira zinthu zaumwini monga zovala ndi zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomveka; komabe, zoletsa zitha kugwira ntchito pazinthu zina monga mowa ndi fodya. Mfundo Zofunika: 1. Zinthu Zoletsedwa: Dziko la Kazakhstan lili ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza kulowetsa/kutumiza katundu wina wake monga mankhwala/mankhwala ozunguza bongo, mfuti, zipolopolo, zinthu zakale zachikhalidwe popanda zolemba/zilolezo zoyenerera, ndi zina zotero. Ndikofunikira kudziwa malamulowa musananyamuke kuti mupewe. zilango kapena nkhani zamalamulo. 2. Zinthu Zolamulidwa: Kukhala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala/mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku Kazakhstan ndikoletsedwa kotheratu ndipo kumakhala ndi zotulukapo zowopsa kuphatikiza kumangidwa. 3. Zakudya za Zinyama/Zoletsa Chakudya: Kulowetsa zakudya zina monga zipatso/masamba kapena nyama monga nyama/mkaka kungafunike zilolezo/zolembedwa zina chifukwa cha malamulo aukhondo okhazikitsidwa ndi aboma. 4.Travel Documents/Documents Verification : Sungani zikalata zanu zoyendera pamodzi ndi ma visa ofunikira olowera mukakhala ku Kazakhstan. Nyamulani pasipoti yanu ndi zikalata zoyendera nthawi zonse. Onetsetsani kuti mwapereka zidziwitso zolondola kwa oyang'anira olowa ndi otuluka, chifukwa kusagwirizana pakati pa zomwe zaperekedwa ndi zolemba zenizeni kungayambitse nkhawa. Ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze mozama ndikukhalabe osinthika ndi malamulo aposachedwa ndi zofunikira musanapite ku Kazakhstan. Kutsatira malamulo a kasitomu kudzaonetsetsa kuti dzikolo lilowa bwino popanda nkhani zalamulo kapena zovuta.

Kazakhstan, pokhala membala wa Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), amatsatira ndondomeko yofanana ya msonkho wakunja kwa katundu wochokera kunja. EAEU imaphatikizapo mayiko monga Russia, Belarus, Armenia, ndi Kyrgyzstan. Malinga ndi malamulo a EAEU, Kazakhstan imagwiritsa ntchito ndandanda yamitengo yofananira pamitengo yochokera kunja. Mitengo yamitengo ku Kazakhstan imasiyanasiyana kutengera magawo azinthu m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zofunika kwambiri monga zakudya ndi mankhwala nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika mtengo kapena sizikulipira msonkho wonse. Kumbali inayi, zinthu zamtengo wapatali kapena katundu amene amaonedwa kuti n’zosafunika kwenikweni zingakope mitengo yamtengo wapatali. Nthawi zambiri, dziko la Kazakhstan lakhazikitsa njira yoyendetsera ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa kutengera zinthu zina monga kulemera kapena kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zatumizidwa kunja. Magawo osiyanasiyana azogulitsa ali ndi mitengo yosiyana yantchito yomwe imatha kuchoka pa 0% mpaka kuchuluka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pakhoza kukhala misonkho ndi zolipiritsa zowonjezera zoperekedwa kuzinthu zina malinga ndi malamulo adziko. Mwachitsanzo, msonkho wa katundu ukhoza kuperekedwa pamitundu ina ya zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zinthu za fodya kuti aletse kumwa mopitirira muyeso. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Kazakhstan nthawi zina imasintha mitengo yake kutengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachuma kapena mapangano ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo mkati mwa dongosolo la EAEU. Kuti mudziwe ndalama zogulira katundu wina ku Kazakhstan, ndi bwino kuonana ndi anthu ovomerezeka monga akuluakulu a kasitomu a Kazakhstani kapena alangizi a zamalonda omwe amagwira ntchito pazamalonda akunja ku Central Asia.

Kazakhstan, yomwe ili ku Central Asia, ili ndi ndondomeko yamisonkho yodziwika bwino ya katundu wake wogulitsa kunja. Dzikoli lakhazikitsa njira zosiyanasiyana zolimbikitsa ndi kuthandizira gawo lake logulitsa kunja. Choyamba, Kazakhstan imayika msonkho wowonjezera (VAT) pazinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja. Komabe, msonkho umenewu nthawi zambiri umayikidwa pa ziro pa katundu wina wotchulidwa kuti ndi wosakhoma msonkho wotumizidwa kunja. Izi zimathandiza kulimbikitsa mpikisano wazinthu za Kazakhstani m'misika yapadziko lonse pochepetsa mtengo wawo wonse. Kuphatikiza apo, dziko lino limapereka ufulu wapadera pamitengo yamakasitomu pazinthu zomwe zasankhidwa zotumizidwa kunja. Kukhululukidwa kumeneku cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa kupanga ndi kutumiza kunja kwa zinthu zinazake zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri kapena zomwe zingathe kukula kwambiri. Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zakhululukidwa umawunikidwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikusinthidwa malinga ndi momwe msika ulili komanso zomwe dziko likufuna. Kuphatikiza apo, Kazakhstan yasaina mapangano ambiri azamalonda ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana komanso mabungwe am'madera kuti athandizire kuyendetsa bwino kwamalonda ndikuchepetsa zopinga zamalonda. Mapanganowa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zokhuza kutsitsa mitengo yamitengo kapena kuchotsera pamagulu ena azinthu mkati mwanthawi yomwe mwagwirizana. Kuphatikiza apo, boma limapereka chithandizo chandalama kwa ogulitsa kunja kudzera m'mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana monga ndalama zothandizira, ngongole, ma inshuwaransi, ndi chitsimikizo. Njirazi zimathandizira kuchepetsa chiwopsezo chazachuma chokhudzana ndi ntchito zotumizira kunja ndikukulitsa chidaliro pakati pa ogulitsa kunja. Pomaliza koma chofunika kwambiri, Kazakhstan yakhazikitsa madera apadera azachuma (SEZs) m'dziko lonselo kuti akope ndalama zapakhomo ndi zakunja kukhala mafakitale omwe akufuna. Ma SEZ nthawi zambiri amapereka zolimbikitsa zamisonkho monga kuchepetsedwa kwa msonkho wamakampani kapenanso kusalipira misonkho ina yamabizinesi oyenerera omwe akugwira ntchito mkati mwa maderawa. Pomaliza, mfundo za msonkho wa Kazakhstan wa katundu wotumizidwa kunja zikuphatikizapo kuphatikizika kwa VAT ya ziro pazinthu zina komanso kusalipira msonkho wapadziko lonse wolunjika kuzinthu zinazake zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwachuma. Mgwirizano wa zamalonda umawonjezeranso mwayi wopeza misika pomwe njira zothandizira boma zandalama zimayang'ana kuchepetsa kuopsa kokhudzana ndi malonda ogulitsa kunja. Ponseponse izi zimathandizira pakupanga malo abwino opititsa patsogolo malonda ochokera ku Kazakhstan.

Kazakhstan ndi dziko lomwe lili ku Central Asia, lomwe limadziwika ndi zachilengedwe zake zambiri komanso malo abwino. Monga wogulitsa kwambiri kunja, dziko lino lakhazikitsa njira yabwino yowonetsetsa kuti katundu wake ndi wowona ndi wowona kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana za certification. Chimodzi mwa ziphaso zazikulu zotumizidwa kuchokera ku Kazakhstan ndi Certificate of Origin (CO). Chikalatachi chikutsimikizira kuti katundu wopangidwa kapena wokonzedwa ku Kazakhstan amakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mgwirizano wamalonda wapadziko lonse. Bungwe la CO limapereka umboni woti zinthuzo zikuchokera kudziko lino, zomwe zingathandize obwera kumayiko ena kufuna kusamalidwa kapena kupindula ndi mapangano amalonda monga GSP (Generalized System of Preferences). Kuphatikiza apo, Kazakhstan imatsatiranso miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi pazabwino komanso chitetezo. Ogulitsa kunja ayenera kupeza ziphaso zoyenera monga ISO 9001 (Quality Management Systems) ndi ISO 22000 (Food Safety Management Systems) kuti awonetsetse kuti akutsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Ziphaso izi zimadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ndipo zimathandizira kulimbikitsa kudalirana pakati pa omwe angagule. Kuphatikiza pa ziphaso izi, Kazakhstan imakhazikitsanso malamulo apadera amagulu ena azinthu. Mwachitsanzo, katundu waulimi amafunikira ziphaso za phytosanitary kusonyeza kutsata malamulo azaumoyo wa mbewu. Momwemonso, mankhwala ndi zinthu zowopsa zimafunikira Safety Data Sheets (SDS) yofotokoza kapangidwe kake, malangizo oyendetsera, ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kutumiza kunja, akuluakulu a boma la Kazakhstani amapereka thandizo kudzera m'mabungwe monga Kazakh Invest - kampani yolimbikitsa ndalama zamayiko - yomwe imapereka chithandizo chokwanira kuphatikizapo chidziwitso cha zofunikira za kunja, deta ya kafukufuku wamsika yomwe imathandizira kupeza misika yakunja. Ponseponse, Kazakhstan imayika patsogolo kuwonetsetsa kuti ziphaso zogulitsa kunja zikukwaniritsidwa pazamalonda osasinthika padziko lonse lapansi pomwe ikulimbikitsa mwayi woyika ndalama mdziko muno. Pomaliza, njira zoperekera ziphaso ku Kazakhstan zogulitsa kunja zimadalira satifiketi yochokera ku Kazakhstan monga umboni wazinthu zochokera ku Kazakhstan. Kuphatikiza apo, Kazakhstan imatsatira mosamalitsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Zogulitsa zaulimi, zomwe zimafunikira ziphaso za phytosanitary pomwe zinthu zomwe zimafunikira SDS. Mabungwe othandizira amathandizira otumiza kunja omwe amapereka zidziwitso zamsika, mwayi wandalama komanso kufalitsa zidziwitso zofunikira kunja.

Kazakhstan ndi dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lopanda mtunda, lomwe lili ku Central Asia. Ili ndi malo abwino kwambiri, kulumikiza Europe ndi Asia, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale likulu lofunikira pazamalonda ndi zinthu. Nawa mautumiki ovomerezeka ndi zambiri za Kazakhstan: 1. Ndege: Kazakhstan ili ndi ma eyapoti angapo apadziko lonse lapansi monga Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport ku Nur-Sultan (omwe kale anali Astana) ndi Almaty International Airport ku Almaty. Ma eyapotiwa amakhala ndi ntchito zonyamula katundu wandege, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe apandege kupita kumadera osiyanasiyana. 2. Sitima za Sitima: Kazakhstan ili ndi njanji zambiri zomwe zimalumikizana ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo monga China ndi Russia. Dzikoli ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la Silk Road Economic Belt, kulimbikitsa malonda kudzera pamayendedwe apanjanji. 3. Mayendedwe apamsewu: Misewu ya ku Kazakhstan ndi yokonzedwa bwino, yokhala ndi misewu yayikulu yolumikizana ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa dzikolo ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo. Zonyamula katundu panjira ndizofala pazantchito zapakhomo. 4. Madoko a m'nyanja: Ngakhale kuti si m'malire a nyanja iliyonse kapena nyanja, Kazakhstan imagwiritsa ntchito madoko a Nyanja ya Caspian potumiza zombo zapadziko lonse lapansi. Aktau Port ndi likulu lonyamula katundu, lomwe limalumikizana ndi madoko ena a Nyanja ya Caspian. 5. Njira zamakasitomu: Pochita zolowetsa / kutumiza kunja ku Kazakhstan, ndikofunikira kudziwa malamulo a kasitomu kuti muwonetsetse kuyenda bwino kwa katundu kudutsa malire. Zolemba zolondola komanso kutsata zofunikira za kasitomu ndizofunikira kuti ntchito yoyenda bwino ichitike. 6. Makampani oyendetsa katundu: Makampani ambiri oyendetsa katundu wamba ndi akunja amagwira ntchito ku Kazakhstan akupereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga kutumiza katundu, njira zosungiramo katundu, thandizo lachilolezo cha kasitomu, kasamalidwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. 7. Malo osungiramo katundu: Malo osungiramo katundu akupezeka m'mizinda ikuluikulu monga Nur-Sultan (Astana), Almaty, ndi Karagandy omwe amapereka malo osungiramo zinthu zosungiramo katundu kapena ntchito zodutsamo. Ntchito zachitukuko cha 8.Logistics: Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo luso lake lothandizira, Kazakhstan yakhazikitsa ma projekiti osiyanasiyana opititsa patsogolo zomangamanga. Khorgos Gateway, doko lalikulu louma lomwe lili kumalire ndi China, cholinga chake ndi kupititsa patsogolo malonda kudzera m'malo opititsa patsogolo komanso kusamalira. Izi ndi zina mwazantchito zoperekedwa komanso zambiri zaku Kazakhstan. Monga chuma chomwe chikukula mwachangu ndikuchulukirachulukira kwamalonda, Kazakhstan imapereka mipata ingapo yakuwongolera koyenera komanso kogwira mtima. Ndibwino kuti mufunsane ndi akatswiri am'deralo kapena opereka chithandizo kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira zina mukamagwira ntchito ku Kazakhstan.

Zowonetsa zamalonda zofunika

Kazakhstan ndi dziko lomwe likukula mwachangu ku Central Asia, ndipo lakhala likukopa ogula angapo apadziko lonse lapansi kuti agule ndi chitukuko. Dzikoli limapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zogulira padziko lonse lapansi ndipo limachita nawo ziwonetsero zazikulu zamalonda kuti ziwonetse malonda ndi ntchito zake. Imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zogulira zinthu ku Kazakhstan ndi Astana International Financial Center (AIFC). AIFC idakhazikitsidwa ngati likulu lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi kuti likope ndalama ndikulimbikitsa bizinesi. Zimapereka nsanja kwa makampani akunja kuti azilumikizana, kuchita nawo mgwirizano, ndikuchita malonda ndi Kazakhstan. Ogula ambiri apadziko lonse lapansi amakonda AIFC chifukwa cha malamulo ake abwino, zolimbikitsa zamisonkho, komanso malo ochitira bizinesi. Njira ina yofunika yogulira zinthu ku Kazakhstan ndi kudzera mu ma tender aboma. Boma limalengeza nthawi zonse ma tender a magawo osiyanasiyana monga chitukuko cha zomangamanga, ntchito za magetsi, ntchito zomanga, njira zothandizira zaumoyo, ndi zina zotero. Ogula ochokera kumayiko ena omwe akufuna kupereka katundu kapena ntchito akhoza kutenga nawo mbali pamatendawa popereka mpikisano. Kazakhstan imapanganso ziwonetsero zingapo zodziwika bwino zamalonda zomwe zimakhala ngati nsanja za ogula apadziko lonse lapansi. Expo Astana idachitika mu 2017 ndipo idakopa alendo mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Idawonetsa zatsopano kuchokera m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga mphamvu, zomangamanga, zoyendera, ndi zina zambiri, zopatsa mwayi mabizinesi kuti apange mgwirizano ndi makampani a Kazakhstani. Kupatula Expo Astana, pali ziwonetsero zina zamakampani zomwe zachitika chaka chonse zomwe zimathandizira magawo ena monga mafakitale amafuta & gasi (KIOGE), mafakitale amigodi (MiningWorld Central Asia), ulimi ndi kukonza chakudya (AgriTek/FoodTek), ndi zina zambiri. Ziwonetserozi zimapereka chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha mafakitale ena mkati mwa Kazakhstan ndikuthandizira mwayi wolumikizana pakati pa mabizinesi am'deralo ndi osewera padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, osunga ndalama akunja nthawi zambiri amatenga nawo gawo pamabwalo opangidwa ndi mabungwe odziwika a Kazakhstani monga Atameken National Chamber of Entrepreneurs kapena Foreign Investors Council motsogozedwa ndi Purezidenti wa Kazakhstan yemwe amapereka njira ina yolumikizirana ndi anthu otchuka m'mabizinesi adzikolo. M'zaka zaposachedwa, malonda a e-commerce adawonekera ngati njira yofunikira pakugula zinthu padziko lonse lapansi ku Kazakhstan. Misika ingapo yapaintaneti yakhazikitsidwa kuti ithandizire kuchita malonda pakati pa ogula ndi ogulitsa. Mapulatifomu ngati Chocotravel, Kaspi, Technodom, ndi ena ambiri atchuka ndipo amapereka zinthu zambiri zomwe zitha kugulidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Ponseponse, Kazakhstan imapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zogulira zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi monga AIFC, ma tender aboma, ziwonetsero / ziwonetsero, mabwalo apamwamba, ndi nsanja zotsogola za e-commerce. Njirazi zimathandizira ogula apadziko lonse lapansi kuti alowe mumsika womwe ukukula mdziko muno pomwe akulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi mabizinesi aku Kazakhstani m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Zindikirani: Chiwerengero cha mawu chimaposa mawu 600; Ili ndiye yankho lopangidwa ndi chilankhulo cha OpenAI cha GPT-3 ndipo chitha kufuna kusintha zina kuti zigwirizane ndi malire a zilembo.

Makina osakira wamba

Pali injini zosaka zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Kazakhstan limodzi ndi ma URL awo atsamba. Makina osakirawa amathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza zambiri pamitu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza nkhani, zosangalatsa, maphunziro, ndi zina zambiri. Nawa makina osakira otchuka ku Kazakhstan: 1. Yandex - Yandex ndi kampani yaku Russia yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito makina osaka kwambiri ku Russia ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ku Kazakhstan. Imakupatsirani zotsatira zoyenera komanso ntchito zina monga imelo, mamapu, ndi nkhani. Webusayiti: www.yandex.kz 2. Google - Google ndiye injini yosakira yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Kazakhstan. Imapereka zotsatira zolondola, mamapu, ntchito zomasulira, imelo (Gmail), kusungirako mitambo (Google Drive), ndi zina zambiri. Webusayiti: www.google.kz 3. Mail.Ru - Mail.Ru ndi kampani yapaintaneti yaku Russia yomwe imapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana pa intaneti kuphatikiza njira yosakira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Kazakhstan. Imayang'ana kwambiri popereka zokonda zamunthu payekhapayekha. Webusayiti: www.mail.ru 4. Rambler - Rambler ndi tsamba lina la ku Russia lomwe limapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana zapaintaneti monga ma webmail service (Rambler Mail), nsanja yophatikizira nkhani (Nkhani za Rambler), zowerengera za horoscope (Rambler Horoscopes), ndi zina zambiri. Webusayiti: www.rambler.ru 5. Bing - Ngakhale sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga momwe tafotokozera kale, Bing yolembedwa ndi Microsoft ikadali njira ina yofufuzira pa intaneti ku Kazakhstan kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena. Webusayiti: www.bing.com Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti makina osakira odziwika padziko lonse lapansi kapena am'madera nthawi zambiri amapezeka kudzera m'matembenuzidwe am'deralo kapena zigawo zamayiko ena kuti azitha kudziwa zambiri za ogwiritsa ntchito komanso kufunika kwake. Chonde dziwani kuti chidziwitsochi chitha kusintha pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kapena kusintha kwa zomwe amakonda; chifukwa chake timalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse kuyang'ana zosintha zaposachedwa posaka zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja iliyonse.

Masamba akulu achikasu

Kazakhstan, yomwe ili ku Central Asia, ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi chuma chosiyanasiyana komanso mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Pansipa pali zolemba zazikulu zamasamba achikasu ku Kazakhstan limodzi ndi masamba awo: 1. Kazakhtelecom Yellow Pages (www.yellowpages.kz): Bukuli lili ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndipo limapereka mauthenga okhudzana ndi mabizinesi m'dziko lonselo. 2. 2GIS Kazakhstan (www.2gis.kz): Tsambali lili ndi bukhu lambiri la mabizinesi ndi ntchito ku Kazakhstan, kuphatikiza manambala amafoni, maadiresi, maola ogwira ntchito, ndi ndemanga za makasitomala. 3. Allbiz Kazakhstan (kazakhstan.all.biz): Allbiz ndi msika wapaintaneti womwe umapereka mndandanda wamabizinesi m'maiko angapo, kuphatikiza Kazakhstan. Limapereka chidziwitso chokhudza magawo osiyanasiyana monga ulimi, zomangamanga, zoyendera, ndi zina. 4. Expat.com Business Directory (www.expat.com/en/business/asia/kazakhstan): Expat.com ili ndi bukhu labizinesi lodzipereka lamakampani omwe akugwira ntchito m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya Kazakhstan. Zimaphatikizanso mbiri yamabizinesi am'deralo kuti athandize anthu ochokera kunja kupeza zinthu kapena ntchito zoyenera. 5. Kazakh-British Chamber of Commerce Business Directory (kbcc.org.uk/membership/business-directory): Bungwe la Kazakh-British Chamber of Commerce lili ndi bukhu losonyeza mabizinesi a mamembala ake omwe akugwira ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana mkati mwa Kazakhstan. 6. UCell Yellow Pages (yellowpages.ucell.by): UCell ndi amodzi mwa otsogola otsogola pazama foni m'derali omwe amagwiritsanso ntchito tsamba lachikasu pa intaneti lomwe limapereka zambiri zamabizinesi m'mafakitale onse. 8 Tsamba lazamalonda la Tourister-KZ limatchula masukulu osiyanasiyana komanso mapulogalamu apadera omwe ophunzira amapeza. Awa ndi masamba ena achikaso achikasu ku Kazakhstan omwe atha kupereka chidziwitso chambiri chokhudza mabizinesi, ntchito, ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana mdziko muno.

Mapulatifomu akuluakulu azamalonda

Kazakhstan, monga imodzi mwazachuma zomwe zikukula mwachangu ku Central Asia, yawona chitukuko chachikulu m'gawo lake la e-commerce. Nawa ena mwa nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce ku Kazakhstan limodzi ndi masamba awo: 1. Wildberries.kz: Wildberries ndi malo otchuka pa intaneti omwe amapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zovala, zamagetsi, katundu wapakhomo, ndi zina. Webusayiti: www.wildberries.kz 2. Lamoda.kz: Lamoda ndi ogulitsa mafashoni pa intaneti omwe amadziwika ndi kusonkhanitsa kwakukulu kwa zovala, nsapato, ndi zipangizo za amuna ndi akazi. Webusayiti: www.lamoda.kz 3. Kaspi.kz: Kaspi si nsanja ya e-commerce yokha komanso kampani yotsogola yaukadaulo yazachuma yomwe imapereka mautumiki osiyanasiyana a digito monga kulipira pa intaneti ndi njira zamabanki. Webusayiti: www.kaspi.kz 4. Technodom.kz: Technodom imagwira ntchito pazamagetsi ndi zida zapakhomo, ikupereka mafoni am'manja, ma laputopu, ma TV, zida zakukhitchini, ndi zina zambiri. Webusayiti: www.technodom.kz 5. Chocolife.me/kz: Chocolife ndi nsanja yotchuka yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri popereka mapangano ndi kuchotsera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi mautumiki kuphatikiza zokumana nazo m'malesitilanti, ma spa, mapaketi oyendayenda etc. Webusaiti: www.chocolife.me/kz 6. Gulliver.com : Gulliver ndi msika wokhazikitsidwa womwe umapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazogulitsa monga zovala & zowonjezera kumagetsi & zida zamagetsi kuchokera kwa ogulitsa akumaloko kupita kumitundu yapadziko lonse lapansi. 7.Avito-KZ.avito.ru - Avito-KZ imapereka zotsatsa zamagulu kuti anthu azigula kapena kugulitsa zinthu zatsopano kapena zogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zapakhomo kapena magalimoto. Izi ndi zitsanzo chabe za nsanja zodziwika bwino za e-commerce ku Kazakhstan zomwe zimathandizira zosowa zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira mafashoni mpaka zamagetsi mpaka kutsika mtengo pazantchito/zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Major social media nsanja

Ku Kazakhstan, pali malo angapo otchuka ochezera a pa TV omwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito kuti alumikizane ndikulumikizana wina ndi mnzake. Nawa ena mwamasamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Kazakhstan: 1. VKontakte (VK): Ndi nsanja yapaintaneti yaku Russia yomwe ili yotchuka kwambiri ku Kazakhstan. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupanga mbiri, kugawana zithunzi ndi makanema, kujowina magulu, ndikutumiza uthenga kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena. Webusayiti: https://vk.com/ 2. Odnoklassniki: Mofanana ndi VKontakte, Odnoklassniki ndi malo ena ochezera a pa Intaneti a ku Russia omwe amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza anzawo a m'kalasi, kugwirizana ndi anzawo, kugawana zosintha ndi zofalitsa. Webusayiti: https://ok.ru/ 3. Facebook: Ngakhale Facebook imadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati malo ochezera ochezera, ilinso ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri ku Kazakhstan. Anthu amazigwiritsa ntchito polumikizana ndi abwenzi, kugawana zolemba kapena zolemba zomwe amakonda, kujowina magulu kapena zochitika. Webusayiti: https://www.facebook.com 4. Instagram: Instagram ndiyodziwika kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata a ku Kazakhstani pogawana zithunzi ndi makanema pamodzi ndi mawu ofotokozera kapena ma hashtag kuti afotokozere mozama. Maulalo atha kugawidwa pamapulatifomu ena kuti athe kufikira anthu ambiri. 5.Telegram :Telegalamu yatchuka kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa ngati pulogalamu yotetezeka yotumizirana mauthenga komwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kutumiza mauthenga, zithunzi, makanema.Osati pulogalamu yotumizirana mauthenga pompopompo, imakhalanso ndi njira zamagulu. Kuchokera ku Berlin, iyi imakhala ngati msika. & kugulitsa katundu kwanuko.Ulalo wa webusayiti ndi -https//web.telegram.org. 6.Twitter : Twitter imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakati pa achinyamata & osonkhezera kufalitsa nkhani , malingaliro , zochitika ndi zina.Ogwiritsa ntchito amatsatirana wina ndi mzake, amabwereza ma tweets awo .Atha kugwiritsanso ntchito ma hashtag mogwira mtima.Website: www.twitter.com. 7.YouTube: YouTube idali yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti aku Kazakhstani pomwe amawonera makanema omwe amatumizidwa ndi anthu kapena mabungwe padziko lonse lapansi.Zikuthandizani ngati mukufuna zambiri osati zolemba ndi zithunzi.Ulalo wapulatifomu wamavidiyo ndi https://www.youtube. .com/ . Awa ndi ena mwama webusayiti odziwika bwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Kazakhstan. Kumbukirani kuti kutchuka kwa nsanja izi kumatha kusiyana pakati pa misinkhu kapena madera osiyanasiyana mdziko muno.

Mgwirizano waukulu wamakampani

Kazakhstan, yomwe ili ku Central Asia, ili ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana omwe amathandizidwa ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana akatswiri. Mabungwewa amatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri polimbikitsa zokonda ndi chitukuko cha magawo awo. Nawa ena mwa mabungwe akuluakulu ogulitsa ku Kazakhstan: 1. Kazenergy Association: Bungwe ili likuyimira zofuna za gawo la mphamvu za Kazakhstan, kuphatikizapo makampani amafuta ndi gasi, makampani opanga magetsi, ndi opereka chithandizo. Webusaiti yawo ndi https://www.kaenergy.com/. 2. Atameken National Chamber of Entrepreneurs: Atameken imagwira ntchito ngati ambulera m'mabungwe ambiri aku Kazakhstan. Zimayimira zokonda zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Mutha kupeza zambiri pa https://atameken.kz/. 3. Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (Union "BI"): Mgwirizanowu umayang'ana kwambiri kulimbikitsa zokonda zamabizinesi opanga mafakitale ku Kazakhstan kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana komanso ntchito zolimbikitsa. Zambiri zitha kupezeka https://bi.kz/en. 4.KAZAKH INVEST - Investment Promotion Agency: KAZAKH INVEST ikufuna kukopa ndalama zakunja kuti zisinthe chuma cha Kazakhstan pothandizira osunga ndalama paulendo wawo wonse wandalama ndi ntchito monga nzeru zamsika, kuwongolera projekiti, kuthandizira paubwenzi ndi boma, ndi zina zambiri. Webusaiti yawo ndi http:/ /invest.gov.kz/en/. 5.National Mining Association "Kazakhstan": Kuyimira makampani amigodi ku Kazakhstan kuphatikizapo makampani opangira migodi omwe akugwira nawo ntchito monga malasha, uranium ore migodi ndi zina. Zambiri za iwo apa: http://nma.kz/ 6.National Association for Developmenting Cooperatives (NADC): NADC imathandizira mabungwe omwe akuyimira magawo angapo monga ma cooperatives a zaulimi, masitolo ogulitsa, usodzi ndi zina.Webusaiti yawo is No URL found. Chonde dziwani kuti ma webusayiti ena atha kukhala ndi mawebusayiti m'zilankhulo za Chikazakh kapena Chirasha zokha chifukwa cha zomwe amayang'anako kapena kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito Chingerezi.

Mawebusayiti a bizinesi ndi malonda

Kazakhstan, dziko la Central Asia, lili ndi mawebusayiti angapo azachuma ndi malonda omwe amapereka chidziwitso chofunikira kwa mabizinesi ndi osunga ndalama. Nawa mawebusayiti ofunikira omwe ali ndi ma URL awo: 1. Kazakh Invest (www.invest.gov.kz): Bungwe la boma lolimbikitsa zamalonda lomwe limapereka chidziwitso chambiri chokhudza mwayi wandalama, magawo omwe akukhudzidwa, zolimbikitsa misonkho, ndi malo abizinesi ku Kazakhstan. 2. Bungwe la National Export and Investment Agency (www.export.gov.kz): Limapereka chithandizo kwa ogulitsa kunja ndikuthandizira kukopa ndalama zakunja kupyolera mu mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana otengera kunja. Webusaitiyi imapereka zidziwitso zamsika zoyenera, ziwerengero zotumiza kunja, kalendala ya zochitika zamalonda, ndi zina. 3. Kazakh Chamber of Commerce and Industry (www.atameken.kz): Monga bungwe lalikulu kwambiri loyimilira amalonda ku Kazakhstan, ichi ndi chida chofunikira kwa mabizinesi omwe akufuna mwayi wamsika kapena mwayi wogwirizana nawo mdziko muno. Imapereka ntchito zowongolera bizinesi limodzi ndi makalendala a zochitika ndi zida zina zothandiza. 4. Astana International Financial Center (aifc.kz): Lapangidwa kuti likhazikitse Astana ngati likulu lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi lolumikiza Asia ndi Europe ndikuthandizira kusiyanasiyana kwachuma chadziko kupitilira kudalira mafuta; nsanja iyi imapereka mwayi wambiri kwa osunga ndalama omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi magawo okhudzana ndi zachuma. 5. Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Kuphatikizana (miti.gov.kz/en): Unduna wa boma womwe uli ndi udindo wokonza mfundo zamalonda, kutsogolera ntchito zamalonda zakunja komanso kuteteza zofuna zamakampani am'dziko kudzera mu malamulo osiyanasiyana; imathandiza amalonda ndi chidziwitso choyenera pa malamulo / malamulo okhudza zogulitsa kunja / zogulitsa kunja. 6. Atameken Union (atameken.org/en): Bungwe lomwe limayang'ana kwambiri za chitukuko cha ma SME ku Kazakhstan popereka upangiri wokhudzana ndi bizinesi m'magawo angapo: mafakitale aulimi ndi kukonza zakudya ali m'gulu lawo; Webusaitiyi imakhala ndi zida zambiri / zida zothandiza kwa eni mabizinesi / osunga ndalama chimodzimodzi. 7. KAZAKHSTAN Industrialization Map 2025 (industrializationmap2015.com): Tsambali likufotokoza madera omwe boma lawaona ngati gawo la njira zotukula mafakitale mpaka 2025; limapereka tsatanetsatane wa mapulojekiti oyika ndalama, malo, ndi zolimbikitsa kuti akope osunga ndalama. Mawebusayitiwa amapereka zidziwitso zambiri komanso zothandizira zokhudzana ndi mwayi woyika ndalama, mfundo zamalonda, zidziwitso zamsika, ndi malamulo amabizinesi ku Kazakhstan. Ndibwino kuti mufufuze nsanja iliyonse kutengera zosowa kapena magawo omwe mukufuna kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Mawebusayiti amafunso amalonda

Pali mawebusayiti angapo ofufuza zamalonda omwe akupezeka ku Kazakhstan. Nawa ochepa mwa iwo limodzi ndi ma adilesi awo awebusayiti: 1. Kazakhstan National Trade Repository (CNTR): Webusaiti yovomerezekayi imapereka ziwerengero zamalonda ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi katundu, katundu, msonkho, ndi malamulo. Imayendetsedwa ndi Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Kuphatikizana. Webusayiti: http://www.cntr.kz 2. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) - Kazakhstan: WITS ndi ntchito yopangidwa ndi World Bank yomwe imapereka mwayi wopeza ziwerengero zamalonda zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso mbiri yamitengo yamitengo. Nawonso database yawo imaphatikizapo zambiri zazomwe zimatumizidwa kunja, kutumiza kunja, omwe akuchita nawo malonda, ndi zina zambiri. Webusayiti: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/KAZ 3. GlobalTrade.net - Kazakhstan Import-Export portal: GlobalTrade.net ndi nsanja yapaintaneti yomwe imathandiza makampani kupeza mwayi wamabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi. Khomoli limapereka zida zothandiza pamalamulo otumiza kunja, malipoti a kafukufuku wamsika, zochitika zamalonda, ndi kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi makampani. Webusayiti: www.globaltrade.net/expert-guides/country-profile/Kazakhstan/Market-Access 4. Trade Economics - Kazakhstan Trade Balance: Webusaitiyi imayang'ana kwambiri popereka zizindikiro zachuma zochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza zidziwitso zamalonda zaku Kazakhstan. Imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kufufuza zomwe zikuchitika m'mbiri komanso kusanthula zolosera za zomwe dziko likufuna ndi kutumiza kunja. Webusayiti: https://tradingeconomics.com/kazakhstan/balance-of-trade Mawebusayitiwa atha kukuthandizani kuti mupeze zambiri zamayendedwe aku Kazakhstan monga mabizinesi ake apamwamba, katundu wamkulu wotumiza kunja, mitengo yamitengo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina kapena magawo ena, komanso kuchuluka kwachuma chonse. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kupezeka kwa data kungasiyane pamapulatifomu onsewa chifukwa cha milingo yosiyanasiyana yamalipoti kapena kuchuluka kwa zosintha zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi omwe akuchokera. Chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tidutse magwero angapo pochita kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi malonda apadziko lonse ku Kazakhstan

B2B nsanja

Kazakhstan ndi dziko lomwe lili ku Central Asia ndipo lili ndi nsanja zingapo za B2B zomwe zimathandizira mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Nawa nsanja zodziwika bwino za B2B ku Kazakhstan limodzi ndi ma adilesi awo awebusayiti: 1. Alibaba: Pulatifomu yapadziko lonse ya B2B iyi imagwirizanitsa ogula ndi ogulitsa kuchokera ku mafakitale osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo makampani omwe akugwira ntchito ku Kazakhstan. Webusayiti: www.alibaba.com 2. TradeKey: TradeKey ndi msika wapadziko lonse wapaintaneti wa B2B womwe umathandizira malonda pakati pa ogulitsa ndi otumiza kunja padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza mabizinesi aku Kazakhstan. Webusayiti: www.tradekey.com 3. EC21: Pulatifomu iyi imapereka zinthu zambiri ndi ntchito kwa ogula ndi ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi, kulumikiza mabizinesi omwe akugwira ntchito ku Kazakhstan ndi omwe angakhale ogwirizana nawo padziko lonse lapansi. Webusayiti: www.ec21.com 4. Zochokera Padziko Lonse: Global Sources imapereka mayankho omveka bwino kudzera pamisika yake yapaintaneti, kuwongolera malonda pakati pa ogula ndi ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza omwe amakhala ku Kazakhstan. Webusayiti: www.globalsources.com 5. Made-in-China.com: Monga imodzi mwa nsanja zotsogola za B2B ku China, Made-in-China.com imagwirizanitsa makampani a Kazakhstani ndi ogulitsa ochokera ku China kudutsa mafakitale angapo. Webusayiti: www.made-in-china.com 6. HKTDC (Hong Kong Trade Development Council): HKTDC ili ndi nsanja yopezera bizinesi pa intaneti yolumikiza amalonda a Kazakhstani kwa ogulitsa abwino ochokera ku Hong Kong ndi zigawo zina padziko lonse lapansi. Webusayiti: www.hktdc.com 7. ECVV (Made-in-China): ECVV ndi nsanja ina yotchuka yaku China B2B yomwe imapereka ntchito zamalonda padziko lonse lapansi kwamakampani omwe ali m'maiko ngati Kazakhstan. Webusayiti: en.ecvv.co.kr. 8.MachineryZone – 专注于工程、建筑和农业行业的平台。链接：www.machineryzone.cn/ 這些是Kazakhstan的一些知名的B2B平台，可以帮助当地企业与内外潜在合作会伴建立联系，促进进合作会伴建立联系，七进远远台进台进台。的网址可能会有变化，请查证后使用.