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Chidule cha Dziko
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Mkhalidwe Wamalonda Akunja
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United Kingdom, yomwe imadziwika kuti UK, ndi dziko lodziyimira palokha lomwe lili kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa gombe la Europe. Amapangidwa ndi mayiko anayi omwe ali ndi zigawo zinayi: England, Scotland, Wales, ndi Northern Ireland. UK ili ndi demokalase yanyumba yamalamulo yokhala ndi ufumu wokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo. Kutengera malo okwana pafupifupi 93,628 masikweya kilomita (242,500 masikweya kilomita), UK ili ndi anthu pafupifupi 67 miliyoni. Likulu lake komanso mzinda waukulu kwambiri ndi London, yomwe simalo ofunikira azachuma komanso malo azikhalidwe. UK yatenga gawo lalikulu m'mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso ndale. Poyamba unali ufumu womwe unadutsa m'makontinenti osiyanasiyana ndipo unali ndi mphamvu zambiri m'madera monga njira zamalonda ndi machitidwe olamulira. Masiku ano, ngakhale kuti sulinso ufumu, udakali m’gulu la mayiko otsogola kwambiri pazachuma padziko lonse. UK imadziwika chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake chosiyanasiyana. Dziko lirilonse mkati mwa malire ake liri ndi miyambo ndi zilankhulo zake; mwachitsanzo, Chingerezi chimalankhulidwa kwambiri ku England pomwe chi Welsh ku Wales. Kuphatikiza apo, Scottish Gaelic (ku Scotland) ndi Irish (ku Northern Ireland) nawonso amakhala ovomerezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, UK ili ndi malo ambiri a UNESCO World Heritage Sites kuphatikiza Stonehenge ku England ndi Edinburgh Castle ku Scotland. Alendo amatha kusangalala ndi malo owoneka bwino achilengedwe monga mapiri aku Scotland kapena kuwona malo odziwika bwino ngati Buckingham Palace kapena Big Ben ku London. Chuma cha ku United Kingdom chimakhazikika pamafakitale monga azachuma, opanga zinthu (kuphatikiza magalimoto), azamankhwala, ndi mabungwe opanga zinthu omwe akuchita ntchito zofunika kwambiri.Ulimi nawonso umathandizira pachuma chake ngakhale kuti lero ndi 1% yokha ya GDP. Ndalama zake, British Pound Sterling ikadali imodzi mwandalama zamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Ndale, UKimodzi mwa maikowa United Nations ndi membala woyambitsa bungwe la NorthAtlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). Iwo onse pamodzi akukambirana za gawo la European Union ndikupereka EU pambuyo posaina voti mu 2016. Pomaliza, United Kingdom ndi dziko losiyanasiyana komanso lodziwika bwino lomwe lili ndi chikhalidwe chambiri. Lili ndi chuma champhamvu, chikoka chapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo limapereka alendo osiyanasiyana zokopa kuti afufuze.

Ndalama yaku United Kingdom ndi mapaundi aku Britain, omwe amaimiridwa ngati GBP (£). Ndi imodzi mwa ndalama zamphamvu komanso zovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Mapaundi pakali pano ali ndi mtengo wokwera poyerekeza ndi ndalama zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokomera malonda ndi ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi. Bank of England, yomwe ndi banki yayikulu ya dzikolo, yakhala ndi udindo wopereka ndi kusunga ndalama zogulira ndalama. Amayang'anira ndondomeko ya ndalama kuti azilamulira zinthu monga mitengo ya inflation ndi chiwongoladzanja kuti atsimikizire bata mu chuma. Ndalama zachitsulo zimapezeka m'magulu a 1 tambala (1p), 2 pensi (2p), 5 pensi (5p), 10 pensi (10p), 20 pensi (20p), 50 pensi (50p), £1 (pounds imodzi) ndi £ 2 (mapaundi awiri). Ndalamazi zimakhala ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana za mbiri yakale kapena zizindikiro za dziko pamapangidwe awo. Ma banknotes amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochita zinthu zamtengo wapatali. Pakadali pano, pali zipembedzo zinayi zosiyana: £5, £10, £20,ndi £50. Kuyambira pa zolemba za polima zomwe zatulutsidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa chifukwa chokhazikika komanso chitetezo. Anthu otchuka ngati Winston Churchill amawonekera pamabanki ena. Kuphatikiza pa ndalama zenizeni, njira zolipirira digito monga makhadi a kirediti kadi kapena zolipirira popanda kulumikizana zadziwikanso pamabizinesi aku UK. Ma ATM atha kupezeka m'mizinda yonse kulola kuchotsa mosavuta kapena kusinthanitsa ndalama pogwiritsa ntchito kirediti kadi kapena kirediti kadi. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza Northern Ireland imagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zosiyanasiyana zoperekedwa ndi mabanki osiyanasiyana akumaloko otchedwa "sterling" kapena "Irish pounds," mapaundi onse achingerezi (£) ndi mapaundi aku Ireland (£) atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthanitsa mwalamulo ku Northern Ireland limodzi ndi ndalama zakunja. madera onse popanda vuto lililonse. Ponseponse, kukhala ndi ndalama zakezake zolimba kumatsimikizira bata lazachuma ku United Kingdom komanso kupangitsa kuti zidziwike mosavuta padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha ndalama zake zapadera - paundi yaku Britain (£).

Ndalama zovomerezeka zaku United Kingdom ndi British Pound (GBP). Mitengo ya ndalama zazikuluzikulu imasinthasintha tsiku ndi tsiku, kotero nditha kukupatsani pafupifupi mitengo yosinthira kuyambira pa Seputembara 2021: - 1 GBP pafupifupi yofanana ndi: - 1.37 Dollar US (USD) - 153.30 Japan Yen (JPY) 1.17 Euro (EUR) - 10.94 Yuan yaku China (CNY) Chonde dziwani kuti mitengo yosinthirayi imatha kusintha malinga ndi momwe msika ulili komanso zinthu zina, ndipo ndi bwino kufunsa gwero lodalirika kapena bungwe lazachuma kuti mupeze mitengo yaposachedwa kwambiri musanapange ndalama zilizonse.

United Kingdom imakondwerera maholide angapo ofunika chaka chonse. Maholide amenewa amaimira mbiri yakale, chikhalidwe, ndi chipembedzo kwa anthu a m’dzikoli. Nawa maholide ofunika kwambiri ku United Kingdom: 1. Tsiku la Chaka Chatsopano (January 1): Tsiku limeneli ndi chiyambi cha chaka chatsopano ndipo limakondweretsedwa ndi mapwando, zionetsero, ndi zozimitsa moto m’dziko lonselo. 2. Tsiku la St David (March 1): Limakondwerera ku Wales kulemekeza woyera mtima wawo, St David. Anthu amavala daffodils kapena leeks (zizindikiro za dziko) ndikuchita nawo ma parade. 3. Tsiku la St Patrick (March 17): Chikondwerero makamaka ku Northern Ireland kumene St Patrick amakhulupirira kuti anayambitsa Chikhristu - zikondwerero za m'misewu, zoimbaimba & kuvala zobiriwira ndizo zikondwerero zofala. 4. Isitala: Tchuthi chachipembedzo chomwe chimakumbukira kuuka kwa Yesu Khristu kwa imfa pambuyo pa kupachikidwa - chomwe chimawonedwa kudzera m'mapemphero a tchalitchi, misonkhano yabanja komanso kupatsana mazira a chokoleti. 5. Tchuthi cha Banki ya May Day (Lolemba loyamba la Meyi): Chikondwerero chamwambo cha masika ndikuvina mozungulira ma maypoles, ziwonetsero, ndi zochitika zaluso zomwe zikuchitika m'dziko lonselo. 6. Tsiku la Khrisimasi (December 25) & Tsiku la nkhonya (December 26): Khrisimasi imakondweretsedwa kwambiri kumadera onse okhala ndi miyambo ngati kukongoletsa nyumba ndi magetsi & mitengo; kupatsana mphatso; kukhala ndi phwando lalikulu pa tsiku la Khrisimasi ndikutsatiridwa ndi Boxing Day kukhala ndi abale kapena abwenzi. 7. Usiku wa Bonfire/Guy Fawkes Night (November 5): Kukumbukira chiwembu chomwe Guy Fawkes analephera chophulitsa Nyumba ya Malamulo mu 1605 - chokondwerera poyatsa moto ndi kuyatsa zozimitsa moto m'dziko lonselo. 8.Hogmanay(Usiku wa Chaka Chatsopano) womwe umachitika makamaka ku Scotland - zikondwerero zazikulu zimaphatikizira maulendo a nyali kudutsa Edinburgh pamodzi ndi nyimbo monga "Auld Lang Syne." Zikondwerero zimenezi sizimangolimbikitsa kudziwika kwa dziko komanso zimasonkhanitsa anthu kuti azikondwerera cholowa chawo ndi miyambo yawo. Amawonetsa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zaku United Kingdom ndikuwonetsa mbiri yake yolemera.

United Kingdom ndi osewera otchuka padziko lonse lapansi pankhani zamalonda. Monga chuma chachisanu ndi chimodzi pachuma padziko lonse lapansi, ili ndi malo ochitira malonda amphamvu komanso osiyanasiyana omwe amatumiza kunja ndi kunja. Pankhani yogulitsa kunja, United Kingdom ili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri pachuma chake. Magulu ake apamwamba omwe amatumizidwa kunja ndi monga makina, magalimoto, mankhwala, miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, zinthu zakuthambo, mankhwala, ndi ntchito zachuma. Dzikoli limadziwika ndi ukatswiri wake m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga kupanga magalimoto (kuphatikiza zopangidwa zodziwika bwino monga Rolls-Royce ndi Bentley), kafukufuku wamankhwala (ndi makampani ngati GlaxoSmithKline akutsogolera njira), ukadaulo wazamlengalenga (ntchito za Boeing ku UK zakhazikitsidwa pano), ndi ntchito zachuma (London kukhala imodzi mwamalo otsogola azachuma padziko lonse lapansi). Pankhani yogulitsa kunja, United Kingdom imadalira katundu wambiri wochokera kumayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Amatumiza kunja zinthu monga makina ndi zida, zinthu zopangidwa (monga zamagetsi), mafuta (kuphatikiza mafuta), mankhwala, zakudya (monga zipatso, masamba, nyama), zovala ndi nsalu. European Union yakhala ikuchita nawo malonda kwambiri ku United Kingdom chifukwa cha umembala wake mu bloc. Komabe, kuyambira pomwe adachoka ku EU kumapeto kwa 2020 pambuyo pa zokambirana za Brexit zomwe zidatha ndi mgwirizano wamtsogolo wamalonda ndi Europe wotchedwa "Trade Cooperation Agreement," pakhala kusintha zina pazamalonda aku UK-EU. Brexit itamalizidwa komanso mapangano atsopano amalonda omwe akhazikitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi pansi pa udindo wodziyimira pawokha wa umembala wa UK kunja kwa malamulo a EU kapena tariffs monga mapangano amalonda aulere ndi mayiko ngati Japan kapena zokambirana zomwe zikupitilira zokhudzana ndi zomwe zingachitike ndi mayiko akuluakulu azachuma monga Australia kapena Canada - zonse zikuwonetsa kuthekera. mwayi watsopano wamabizinesi aku Britain omwe akufuna kukulitsa mayiko kupyola malire a EU. Ponseponse, kusinthira ku zochitika za pambuyo pa Brexit mosakayikira kumabweretsa zovuta pakati pakusintha kwamalonda padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa mliri wa Covid-19; Komabe United Kingdom idakali yofunikira kwambiri pazamalonda zapadziko lonse lapansi yomwe ili ndi mphamvu m'magawo angapo ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale ndi mwayi wopanga mayanjano atsopano ndikusunga maubwenzi omwe alipo kale.

United Kingdom ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kopanga msika wake wamalonda wakunja. M'mbiri yakale, UK yakhala ikuthandiza kwambiri pazamalonda padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa cha malo ake abwino, zomangamanga zolimba, komanso gawo lazachuma lomwe latukuka bwino. Choyamba, ubwino wa dziko la UK monga dziko la zilumba lomwe lili ndi madoko olumikizidwa bwino ndi ma eyapoti amawathandiza kupeza misika yapadziko lonse mosavuta. Izi zimathandizira kasamalidwe ka katundu ndi ntchito kudutsa malire ndikupangitsa kukhala bwenzi lokongola lamalonda padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, UK ili ndi mitundu ingapo yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi m'mafakitale angapo monga mafashoni, katundu wapamwamba, magalimoto, ukadaulo, ndi ntchito zachuma. Mitundu yokhazikitsidwayi imapereka maziko olimba kwa makampani aku Britain kuti akule m'misika yapadziko lonse lapansi. Kudziwika kwa zinthu zaku Britain pazabwino komanso zatsopano kumakulitsa mpikisano wawo padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, kutsatira kuchoka ku European Union mu 2020 kudzera pakumaliza kwa Brexit kufunafuna mgwirizano watsopano wamalonda wapadziko lonse lapansi kumatha kupititsa patsogolo mwayi wamsika wamabizinesi aku UK. Popanga mapangano a mayiko awiriwa ndi mayiko omwe ali kunja kwa EU monga Australia kapena Canada komanso kufufuza misika yomwe ikubwera ngati India kapena China zitha kuthandiza kusiyanasiyana komwe amatumizidwa kunja. Kuphatikiza apo, pali kuthekera kwakukulu pamalonda a digito ndi malonda a e-commerce chifukwa ogula ambiri akutembenukira kumisika yapaintaneti padziko lonse lapansi. Zomangamanga za digito zaku UK zotukuka kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwake kwaukadaulo kumapereka mwayi kwamakampani aku Britain kuti achitepo kanthu pakukula kwapadziko lonse lapansi pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja zaukadaulo kuti afikire makasitomala padziko lonse lapansi. Pomaliza, boma la United Kingdom limapereka chithandizo kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana zolimbikitsa malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Mabungwe monga Department for International Trade (DIT) amapereka chitsogozo pakupanga njira zotumizira kunja kwinaku akupereka thandizo lazachuma kudzera mu thandizo la ndalama kapena ngongole. Thandizoli limathandiza mabizinesi kuthana ndi zopinga zomwe angakumane nazo akamalowa m'misika yatsopano kutsidya lina. Pomaliza, United Kingdom ili ndi maziko olimba omwe atha kuthandizidwa ndi makampani aku Britain omwe akufuna kukulitsa kupezeka kwawo m'misika yakunja. Ndi zinthu monga malo, kupezeka kwamphamvu kwamakampani, luso la digito, komanso thandizo laboma, dzikolo lili ndi zofunikira. kuthekera kosagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kukula ndi chitukuko cha malonda akunja.

Zikafika posankha zinthu zodziwika kuti zitumizidwe kumisika yakunja yaku United Kingdom, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira. Nayi kalozera wamomwe mungasankhire zinthu zogulitsidwa: 1. Fufuzani zomwe ogula akufuna kuchita: Chitani kafukufuku wokwanira pa zomwe ogula akonda komanso momwe dziko likuyendera. Unikani malipoti amakampani, zidziwitso zamalonda, ndi zidziwitso zapa media media kuti muzindikire magulu otchuka azinthu. 2. Yang'anani kwambiri pazinthu zapadera zaku Britain: Limbikitsani mphamvu za UK potumiza kunja zinthu zapadera zaku Britain zomwe zili ndi mwayi wampikisano kapena mtengo wa cholowa. Zakudya ndi zakumwa zachikhalidwe (monga tiyi, masikono, ndi kachasu), mitundu ya mafashoni (monga Burberry), ndi zinthu zapamwamba (monga zodzikongoletsera) zimafunidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. 3. Kusamalira anthu azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana: Dziko la UK limadziwika ndi anthu osiyanasiyana omwe amakonda komanso amakonda. Yambitsani kusiyanasiyana kumeneku popereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoyenera kuzikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana ku UK kapena kutsata magulu amitundu omwe ali ndi zinthu zapagulu. 4. Kusasunthika: Ogula ku UK amaika patsogolo zinthu zokhazikika komanso zokonda zachilengedwe kuposa kale. Ganizirani zotumiza kunja zinthu zosakonda zachilengedwe monga zogwiritsidwanso ntchito, zovala / zovala zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe, kapena umisiri wosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. 5. Landirani digito: E-commerce ikupitiliza kukula mwachangu pamsika waku UK; Chifukwa chake, ikani patsogolo kuyika zomwe mwapereka pamapulatifomu ogulitsa pa intaneti monga Amazon kapena eBay pambali pa njira zogawa zapaintaneti. 6. Gwirizanani ndi ogulitsa/ogawa: Kuyanjana ndi ogulitsa kapena ogawa kukupatsani zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali zamakhalidwe ogula pomwe mukukulitsa kufikira kwanu kumadera osiyanasiyana mdziko muno. 7. Khalani osinthidwa ndi malamulo: Khalani odziwitsidwa za malamulo otengera katundu wakunja monga msonkho wa kasitomu, zofunika kulemba zilembo, ziphaso zofunika kumafakitale enaake (monga zodzoladzola), ndi malamulo oteteza katundu waukadaulo poganizira zosankha zomwe zingatheke. 8.Kuwongolera kwaubwino & ntchito yamakasitomala: Onetsetsani kuti njira zowongolera zowongolera zimayendetsedwa munthawi yonse yopangira kuti mukhalebe ndi miyezo yapamwamba ya zinthu zosankhidwa zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku UK pamodzi ndi chithandizo chapadera chamakasitomala pambuyo pogulitsa. Pomaliza, kusankha zinthu zomwe zingagulitsidwe ku malonda akunja ku United Kingdom kumafuna kumvetsetsa momwe ogula amagwirira ntchito, kuvomereza kusiyanasiyana ndi kukhazikika, kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja za digito, kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi anzawo am'deralo, kutsatira malamulo, ndikuyika patsogolo kuwongolera kwabwino ndi ntchito zamakasitomala.

United Kingdom, yomwe imadziwika kuti UK, ndi dziko lomwe lili kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Europe. Ndi mbiri yake yolemera, zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, ndi miyambo yapadera, UK ikuwonetsa mikhalidwe yosiyana yamakasitomala ndi zonyansa. Makhalidwe a Makasitomala: 1. Ulemu: Makasitomala a ku Britain amayamikira ulemu ndi ulemu m'mitundu yonse yochitirana zinthu. Nthawi zambiri amayembekezera moni waulemu, pogwiritsa ntchito mawu monga "chonde" ndi "zikomo." 2. Mizere: Anthu a ku Britain ndi otchuka chifukwa chokonda mizere yadongosolo. Kaya ikudikirira pamalo okwerera basi kapena pamzere wamsitolo, kulemekeza malo omwe ali pamzere kumawonedwa kofunika. 3. Kulemekeza malo: Anthu a ku Britain amakonda kukhala ndi mtunda woyenera pamene akucheza ndi ena kuti alemekeze malo awo. 4. Chikhalidwe chosungika: Anthu ambiri a ku Britain samachita zinthu ndi anthu osawadziwa poyamba koma amasangalala akadziwana pakapita nthawi. 5. Kusunga Nthawi: Kusunga nthawi kumafunika kwambiri ku UK. Zimagwira ntchito pa nthawi yoikidwiratu, misonkhano, kapena zochitika zilizonse zomwe zakonzedwa kumene kufulumira kumayembekezeredwa. Taboo & Makhalidwe Oyenera Kupewa: 1. Mitu yazachikhalidwe cha anthu: Zokambirana zokhuza chipembedzo kapena ndale zitha kukhala nkhani zovutirapo pakati pa anthu aku Britain pokhapokha atayamba ndi iwo. 2. Mafunso aumwini: Kufunsa mafunso okhazikika okhudza ndalama zomwe munthu amapeza kapena nkhani zaumwini zitha kuwoneka ngati zopanda ulemu komanso zosokoneza. 3. Kudzudzula Banja Lachifumu: Banja lachifumu limakhala lofunikira kwambiri pachikhalidwe cha ku Britain; chifukwa chake, amalangizidwa kuti asapange mawu odzudzula okhudza anthu am'deralo omwe amalemekeza kwambiri mafumu. 4.Makhalidwe abwino: Kudumpha mkati mwamakampani othandizira (malo odyera/malo odyera/mahotela) nthawi zambiri kumatsata 10-15% yaulere potengera mtundu wautumiki womwe walandilidwa koma sizokakamizidwa. Pomaliza, dziko la United Kingdom limadzinyadira chifukwa cha makhalidwe komanso makhalidwe abwino amene amasonyezedwa mwaulemu.

United Kingdom, yopangidwa ndi England, Scotland, Wales, ndi Northern Ireland, ili ndi dongosolo lodziwika bwino la kasitomu lomwe lilipo. Mukafika kapena kuchoka m'dzikolo, malamulo ndi njira zina ziyenera kutsatiridwa kuti zitsimikizire kulowa kapena kutuluka ku UK. Akafika ku UK, okwera amayenera kupereka ziphaso zawo zovomerezeka kapena zikalata zoyendera pamalire. Anthu omwe si a European Union (EU) angafunikirenso kupereka chitupa cha visa chikapezeka kuti alowe mdzikolo. Ndikofunika kuti muwone ngati mukufuna visa musanayambe ulendo wanu. Malamulo a kasitomu amaletsa kubweretsa zinthu zina ku UK. Zinthu zoletsedwazi ndi monga mankhwala, mfuti ndi zipolopolo popanda chilolezo chochokera kwa akuluakulu. Kulowetsa katundu wamtengo wapatali wamalonda kupyola malire otchulidwa kungafunikenso kulengeza ndi kulipiridwa kwa ntchito/misonkho. M'pofunika kulengeza katundu aliyense amene amaposa malipiro aulere operekedwa ndi HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC). Izi zikuphatikizapo fodya, mowa mopitirira malire otchulidwa, ndalama zopitirira €10,000 (kapena zofanana), ndi zakudya zina monga nyama kapena mkaka. Mukanyamuka ku UK, malamulo ofananawo amagwira ntchito pazinthu zoletsedwa monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mfuti/zida zoletsedwa. Dziwani kuti mitundu ina ya nyama zakuthengo kapena katundu wawo wotetezedwa pansi pa mapangano a mayiko angafunike zilolezo zenizeni zotumizira kunja. Kuti muwongolere njira zowunikira katundu pa eyapoti ku UK - pofika komanso ponyamuka - tikulimbikitsidwa kulongedza katunduyo mwaukhondo kuti katundu wamunthu adziwike mosavuta pakuwunika chitetezo. Kumbukirani kuti musanyamule chikwama cha munthu wina popanda kudziwa zomwe zili mkati mwake. Pakakhala chisokonezo kapena mafunso okhudza kayendesedwe ka katundu kapena zolembedwa mukamapita ku/kuchokera ku United Kingdom akuyenera kulumikizana ndi nambala yothandiza ya HMRC kapena kuonana ndi mawebusayiti aboma kuti mudziwe zambiri zaposachedwa pazachuma. Ponseponse, ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe bwino malamulo aku United Kingdom musanapite kumeneko ngati wapaulendo wobwera kudzabweretsa katundu mdziko muno komanso ngati wapaulendo wotuluka akutsatira zoletsa pochoka.

Ndondomeko ya ku United Kingdom ya tariff yochokera kunja ikufuna kuwongolera ndi kulimbikitsa malonda pomwe ikuteteza mafakitale apakhomo. Dzikoli limagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo ya "Fuko Lokondedwa Kwambiri", zomwe zikutanthauza kuti msonkho womwewo umagwira ntchito kumayiko onse pokhapokha ngati pali mgwirizano kapena zokonda zamalonda zaulere. Misonkho yochokera ku UK, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Customs duty kapena tariffs, imaperekedwa kwa katundu wochokera kumayiko omwe si a EU. Komabe, kutsatira nthawi ya kusintha kwa Brexit yomwe idatha mu Disembala 2020, UK yakhazikitsa mfundo zake zamalonda zosiyana ndi European Union. Mitengo yamitengo imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi gulu la katundu. Pali njira zingapo zodziwira mitengoyi. Imodzi ndiyo kukaonana ndi bungwe la Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), lomwe limapereka mitengo yochepetsedwa kapena yopanda ntchito kwa zinthu zoyenerera zochokera kumayiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Njira ina ndikutengera dongosolo la UK Global Tariff (UKGT) lomwe lidayambitsidwa pambuyo pa Brexit, lomwe limalowa m'malo ndikubwerezanso mitengo ya EU. Pansi pa dongosolo latsopanoli, katundu wina wotumizidwa kunja mitengo yake yachepetsedwa kapena kuthetsedwa kwathunthu poyerekeza ndi malamulo am'mbuyomu a EU. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zina zaulimi monga nthochi kapena malalanje sizikhalanso ndi msonkho uliwonse zikatumizidwa ku UK. Kuti mumvetsetse mitengo yamisonkho yochokera kuzinthu zinazake kapena gulu la zinthu zomwe munthu angafune kuitanitsa/kutumiza ku/kuchokera ku United Kingdom, ndi bwino kutchula mawebusayiti oyenerera aboma monga HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) kapena kupempha thandizo kwa akatswiri. ma broker omwe atha kupereka zolondola komanso zaposachedwa pamilandu payokha. Ndikofunikira kuti mabizinesi omwe akuchita nawo malonda apadziko lonse ndi United Kingdom azikhala odziwa zambiri zakusintha kwamitengo yamitengo nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa zingakhudze mtengo komanso kupikisana pakugulitsa ndi kutumiza kunja zomwe zimakonda kwambiri.

Dziko la United Kingdom lili ndi ndondomeko yamisonkho yodziwika bwino ya katundu wake wotumizidwa kunja. Dzikoli likutsatira ndondomeko ya msonkho wamtengo wapatali (VAT) pa katundu ndi ntchito zambiri, kuphatikizapo zogulitsa kunja. Komabe, katundu amene amatumizidwa kunja amakhala ndi ziro pazifukwa za VAT, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe VAT yomwe imaperekedwa pa katundu wotumizidwa kunja. Ogulitsa kunja ku UK akhoza kusangalala ndi maubwino osiyanasiyana pansi pa ndondomeko yamisonkho iyi. Choyamba, posalipira VAT pazogulitsa ndi ntchito zawo, otumiza kunja atha kugulitsa katundu wawo mopikisana m'misika yapadziko lonse lapansi. Izi zimathandiza kulimbikitsa malonda ogulitsa kunja ndikuwonjezera mwayi wamalonda akunja. Kuti atsimikizire kuti akutsatira ndondomekoyi, ogulitsa kunja ayenera kusunga zolemba zoyenera ndi umboni wotsimikizira kuti katundu wawo wachoka ku UK. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusunga zikalata zotumizira monga mabilu onyamula katundu kapena ndege. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zoletsa zina zitha kugwira ntchito pazinthu zina kapena mayiko chifukwa cha malamulo kapena mapangano amalonda. Mwachitsanzo, pakhoza kukhala malamulo apadera a zinthu zomwe zimayenera kulipira msonkho monga mowa kapena fodya. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kunena kuti ngakhale zotumiza kunja nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda mtengo wa VAT mumsika waku UK womwe umadziwika kuti Great Britain ndi Northern Ireland - pakhoza kukhala misonkho yochokera kunja yomwe imaperekedwa ndi mayiko omwe akupita kunja kwa EU (chifukwa cha Brexit). Mitengoyi imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi malamulo ndi ndondomeko za dziko lililonse lokhudza katundu wochokera kumayiko omwe si a EU. Ponseponse, dziko la United Kingdom likuyesetsa kutsogolera malonda a mayiko potsatira ndondomeko zabwino zamisonkho ku gawo lake logulitsa kunja. Kukhululukidwa ku VAT kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mpikisano m'misika yapadziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zofunikira zimakwaniritsidwa posunga zolemba.

Dziko la United Kingdom ndi lodziwika bwino chifukwa cha zinthu ndi ntchito zake zapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zikufunika padziko lonse lapansi. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti malondawa akusunga mbiri yawo ndikukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi, dzikolo lakhazikitsa njira yolimba yoperekera ziphaso zakunja. Satifiketi yotumiza kunja ku United Kingdom imayang'aniridwa ndi mabungwe aboma monga Department for International Trade (DIT) ndi Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Mabungwewa amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti awonetsetse kuti katundu wopita kumisika yakunja akutsatira malamulo onse ofunikira, miyezo yachitetezo, komanso zolembedwa. Chitsimikizo chimodzi chofunikira chotumiza kunja ku UK ndi Licence Yogulitsa kunja. Chilolezochi chimafunikira pazinthu zinazake zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizovuta kapena zoletsedwa chifukwa chachitetezo cha dziko kapena zifukwa zina zowongolera. Layisensi Yogulitsa Kutumiza kunja imawonetsetsa kuti katunduyu akutumizidwa kunja moyenera, kupeŵa vuto lililonse pa ubale wapadziko lonse lapansi kapena mikangano yachiyanjano. Chitsimikizo china chofunikira chotumizira kunja chimaphatikizanso milingo yotsimikizira zamtundu wa ISO 9000 mndandanda wa certification. Zitsimikizo izi zikuwonetsa kuti otumiza kunja ku UK amatsatira machitidwe ovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga kupanga, chisamaliro chaumoyo, maphunziro, ndi kuchereza alendo. Kuphatikiza apo, mafakitale ena amafunikira ziphaso zapadera kuti zitsimikizire kutsatira malamulo kapena miyezo yamakampani. Mwachitsanzo: - Chakudya: Bungwe la Food Standards Agency (FSA) limawonetsetsa kuti zakudya zaku Britain zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja zikukumana ndi malamulo azaumoyo ndi ukhondo kudzera mu ziphaso zosiyanasiyana monga Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP), Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) monga BRC Global Standard for Food Safety kapena International Miyezo Yophatikizidwa (IFS). - Zodzoladzola: Malamulo Oyendetsera Zinthu Zodzikongoletsera amafuna kuti ogulitsa zodzoladzola atsatire njira zoyeserera zowonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili zotetezeka asanalole kugulitsa kwawo pamsika wa EU. - Organic Products: Soil Association imapereka chiphaso cha organic kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zaulimi zimagwirizana ndi ulimi wa organic. - Makampani opanga magalimoto: Zikalata monga International Automotive Task Force 16949 zikuwonetsa kutsata machitidwe owongolera omwe amapangidwira momveka bwino opanga magalimoto. Pomaliza, United Kingdom imayika patsogolo ziphaso zotumizira kunja kuti zisunge miyezo yapamwamba m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Kudzera m'mabungwe osiyanasiyana aboma omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi mabizinesi, ogulitsa kunja amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti katundu wawo akutsatira malamulo onse ofunikira, miyezo yachitetezo, ndi ziphaso zamakampani zomwe zimakulitsa kupikisana kwawo pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.

United Kingdom ndi dziko lomwe lili kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Europe, kupangidwa ndi mayiko anayi: England, Scotland, Wales, ndi Northern Ireland. Ili ndi maukonde opangidwa bwino omwe amaonetsetsa kuti katundu akuyenda bwino komanso odalirika m'dziko lonselo. Zikafika pakutumiza katundu ku UK, pali makampani angapo omwe akulimbikitsidwa kuti aganizire. Zina mwa izi ndi: 1. DHL: DHL ndi kampani yodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi yonyamula katundu yomwe imagwira ntchito m'maiko ndi madera oposa 220 padziko lonse lapansi. Amapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga kutumiza mwachangu, mayendedwe akatundu, ndi njira zosungiramo zinthu. DHL ili ndi netiweki yayikulu ku UK ndipo imapereka njira zodalirika zotumizira mabizinesi. 2. UPS: UPS ndi wosewera wina wamkulu pamakampani opanga zinthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu ku United Kingdom. Amapereka ntchito zotumizira zapakhomo ndi zapadziko lonse lapansi limodzi ndi thandizo lachilolezo cha kasitomu. Ndi njira zotsogola zapamwamba komanso njira zotumizira mwachangu, UPS imatsimikizira kuti katundu wanu wafika komwe akupita pa nthawi yake. 3. FedEx: FedEx imadziwika chifukwa cha ukatswiri wake wapadziko lonse pazantchito zothetsera mavuto ndi kasamalidwe ka zinthu. FedEx imapereka mayankho atsatanetsatane amomwe mungatengere ma courier usiku wonse, kutumiza katundu wandege, ndi consulting ya kasitomu. Iwo ali ndi netiweki yayikulu muUKndipo amapereka chithandizo chakumapeto kwa mabizinesi. kuyang'ana kutumiza katundu wawo. 4.Royal Mail Freight: Royal MailFreight ndi imodzi mwamakampani akuluakulu a positi ndi katundu ku UK. Amapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga kutumiza maphukusi, kasamalidwe kakasitomala kakubweza katundu, ndi kukwaniritsa malo osungiramo katundu. 5.Parcelforce Padziko Lonse:Pacelforce Worldwideissanational courierservices eni ake kwathunthu aRoyalMail Group.Pazaka zopitilira 25,inenenetsa kutumiza phukusi mkati mwa UK komanso padziko lonse lapansi,PacelforcePadziko lonse lapansi imapereka njira zodalirika,zachangu, komanso zotetezedwa.Kachitidwe kawo kakutsata makasitomala pa intaneti. Makampaniwa ali ndi mbiri yabwino popereka chithandizo chodalirika cha mayendedwe mkati mwa UK. Iliyonse imapereka mayankho angapo okonzedwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zamabizinesi ndi anthu pawokha, kuwonetsetsa kuti katundu wanu amaperekedwa mosatekeseka komanso munthawi yake. Musanasankhe wothandizira mayendedwe, ndikofunikira kuti muganizire zinthu monga mitengo, liwiro la kutumiza, mbiri yamayendedwe, ndi kuwunika kwamakasitomala kuti mupange chisankho mwanzeru.

Zowonetsa zamalonda zofunika

United Kingdom ili ndi njira zodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi zamalonda ndi ziwonetsero, zomwe zimakopa ogula ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mapulatifomuwa amapereka mwayi kwa mabizinesi kulimbikitsa malonda ndi ntchito zawo padziko lonse lapansi. Nawa ena mwa njira zazikulu zogulira zinthu padziko lonse lapansi ndi ziwonetsero ku United Kingdom: 1. Malo Ogulitsa Paintaneti a B2B: Dziko la UK lili ndi misika yambiri yapaintaneti ya B2B monga Alibaba, TradeIndia, Global Sources, ndi DHgate. Mapulatifomuwa amalumikiza mabizinesi padziko lonse lapansi, kuwalola kuwonetsa zinthu zawo ndikupanga malonda achindunji ndi ogula apadziko lonse lapansi. 2. Ziwonetsero zamalonda: Dziko la United Kingdom limakhala ndi ziwonetsero zambiri zamalonda zomwe zimakopa ogula akuluakulu ochokera kumayiko ena m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo zina zodziwika bwino ndi izi: a) Chakudya Chapadziko Lonse & Chakumwa Chochitika (IFE): Monga chochitika chachikulu kwambiri chazakudya ndi zakumwa ku UK, IFE imapereka nsanja kwa ogulitsa kuti alumikizane ndi otsogola ogulitsa, ogulitsa, ogulitsa, ogulitsa kunja, ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi kufunafuna zakudya zatsopano ndi zakumwa. b) London Fashion Week: Chimodzi mwa zochitika zodziwika bwino za mafashoni padziko lonse lapansi zomwe zikuwonetsa opanga okhazikika komanso aluso omwe akutuluka padziko lonse lapansi. Zimakopa ogula odziwika kuchokera kumaketani apamwamba ogulitsa omwe amafunafuna masinthidwe atsopano. c) Msika Wapadziko Lonse Woyenda Padziko Lonse (WTM): Chochitika chotsogola pamakampani oyendayenda pomwe opanga maulendo apadziko lonse lapansi amakumana ndi ogulitsa monga mahotela, ndege, ma board azokopa alendo ndi zina zambiri, kupereka nsanja yolumikizirana ndi mabizinesi ndi mwayi wotukula bizinesi. 3. International Sourcing Fairs: Dziko la UK limakhala ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zimakhala ngati malo ochitira misonkhano pakati pa opanga / ogulitsa ochokera kunja ndi ogula / ogulitsa kunja ku UK omwe akufunafuna kupeza zinthu kapena zipangizo zinazake. Zitsanzo zikuphatikiza ma fairtrade sourcing fairs omwe amayang'ana kwambiri zinthu zokhazikika kapena magawo ena monga zovala kapena zamagetsi. 4. Zochitika Pamaukonde: Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zapaintaneti zimachitika m'mizinda ikuluikulu ku UK komwe akatswiri otumiza kunja angakhazikitse kulumikizana ndi omwe angakhale othandizana nawo kapena makasitomala omwe akuchita nawo ntchito zogula zinthu padziko lonse lapansi. 5. Department of International Trade (DIT): Pothandizira makampani aku Britain kukulitsa misika yawo yogulitsa kunja, DIT imakonza mishoni zamalonda ndikuwongolera zochitika zamalonda. Zochita zoterezi zimapereka mwayi wofunikira kwa makampani aku UK kuti akumane ndi ogula apadziko lonse lapansi ndikuwunika mabizinesi atsopano. 6. Chambers of Commerce: Network ya British Chambers of Commerce ili ndi zigawo zambiri zomwe zimakonza ziwonetsero zamalonda, masemina, ndi mabwalo abizinesi komwe ogula ochokera kumayiko ena amatha kulumikizana ndi mabizinesi akumaloko omwe akufuna kutumiza kunja. 7. Mapulatifomu a e-commerce: Kukula kwa malonda a e-commerce kwasintha kusintha kwa malonda padziko lonse lapansi. Mapulatifomu ambiri otchuka aku UK, monga Amazon UK ndi eBay UK, amapereka nsanja kwa ogulitsa kunyumba kuti afikire ogula akunja mosavuta. Pomaliza, United Kingdom imapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zogulira zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi ziwonetsero zamabizinesi omwe akufuna kuwonetsa malonda ndi ntchito zawo padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zimachokera kumisika yapaintaneti kupita ku ziwonetsero zapadera zamalonda zomwe zimathandizira magawo osiyanasiyana. Kudzera pamapulatifomu awa, mabizinesi amatha kulumikizana ndi ogula ofunikira padziko lonse lapansi omwe akufunafuna zinthu zatsopano kapena ogulitsa kuchokera ku UK. (Zindikirani: Yankho laperekedwa m'mawu 595.)

Makina osakira wamba

Ku United Kingdom, kuli makina osakira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri omwe anthu amadalira kuti apeze zambiri komanso kusakatula intaneti. Nawa ena mwa injini zosakira zodziwika bwino ku UK limodzi ndi ma URL awo apawebusayiti: 1. Google (www.google.co.uk): Google ndiye injini yosakira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, osati ku UK kokha komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Imakhala ndi mawonekedwe athunthu komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuti musakatule masamba, zithunzi, makanema, nkhani, ndi zina zambiri. 2. Bing (www.bing.com): Bing ya Microsoft ndi injini ina yosakira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku UK. Zimapereka chofanana ndi Google ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera monga kusintha kwazithunzi zakumbuyo tsiku ndi tsiku. 3. Yahoo (www.yahoo.co.uk): Ngakhale Yahoo yataya gawo la msika ku Google pakapita nthawi, imagwirabe ntchito ngati injini yofufuzira yotchuka ku UK ndipo imapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga imelo, chophatikiza nkhani, zambiri zandalama pamodzi ndikusaka kwake. kuthekera. 4. DuckDuckGo (duckduckgo.com): DuckDuckGo imadzisiyanitsa ndi makina ena osakira pogogomezera zachinsinsi cha ogwiritsa ntchito chifukwa siyitsata kapena kusunga zinthu zilizonse zamunthu pofufuza pa intaneti. 5. Ecosia (www.ecosia.org): Ecosia ndi makina osakira zachilengedwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zake zotsatsa kubzala mitengo kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Zimathandizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuthandizira kubzalanso nkhalango pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito yawo. 6.Yandex(www.yandex.com) Yandex ndi kampani yotchuka yapaintaneti yochokera ku Russia yomwe imapereka ntchito zingapo pa intaneti kuphatikiza chida champhamvu chofufuzira pa intaneti chofanana ndi makina ena otsogola. Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti ngakhale izi ndi zina mwazosankha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza mu asakatuli aku UK; ogwiritsa ntchito amathanso kupeza mainjini osakira omwe amayang'ana kwambiri dzikolo kapena kutsata zomwe amakonda komanso zosowa zawo.

Masamba akulu achikasu

Masamba akuluakulu achikasu ku United Kingdom ndi awa: 1. Yell (www.yell.com): Yell ndi imodzi mwazolemba zodziwika bwino zapaintaneti ku United Kingdom. Imapereka zidziwitso ndi zolumikizana ndi mabizinesi m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. 2. Thomson Local (www.thomsonlocal.com): Thomson Local ndi buku lina lodziwika bwino lomwe limapereka zambiri zamabizinesi am'deralo, ntchito, ndi makampani aku UK. 3. 192.com (www.192.com): 192.com imapereka chikwatu chokwanira cha anthu, mabizinesi, ndi malo ku UK. Zimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza anthu kapena makampani pogwiritsa ntchito mayina kapena malo awo. 4. Scoot (www.scoot.co.uk): Scoot ndi buku lazamalonda la pa intaneti lomwe lili ndi nkhokwe yayikulu yamabizinesi am'deralo ndi mautumiki kumadera osiyanasiyana ku UK. 5. The Phone Book by BT (www.thephonebook.bt.com): Webusaiti yovomerezeka ya bukhu lamafoni la BT ili ndi ndandanda yazankho zapaintaneti momwe mungapezere mauthenga a anthu paokha ndi mabizinesi ku United Kingdom. 6. City Visitor (www.cityvisitor.co.uk): City Visitor ndi gwero lotsogola lopeza zidziwitso zakomweko monga malo odyera, mahotela, zokopa, masitolo, ndi ntchito m'mizinda ku UK. 7. Touch Local (www.touchlocal.com): Touch Local imapereka mndandanda wamashopu ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kuli m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ku United Kingdom. Chonde dziwani kuti izi ndi zitsanzo zochepa chabe zamasamba achikasu omwe akupezeka ku UK, ndipo pakhoza kukhala maulozera am'madera kapena apadera okhudza madera kapena mafakitale ena mdziko muno.

Mapulatifomu akuluakulu azamalonda

Pali nsanja zingapo zazikulu za e-commerce ku United Kingdom. Nawu mndandanda wa ena odziwika pamodzi ndi ma URL awo patsamba: 1. Amazon UK: www.amazon.co.uk Amazon ndi imodzi mwamapulatifomu akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, omwe amapereka zinthu zambiri ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. 2. eBay UK: www.ebay.co.uk eBay ndi msika wotchuka wapaintaneti pomwe anthu ndi mabizinesi amatha kugula ndikugulitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. 3. ASOS: www.asos.com ASOS imayang'ana kwambiri mafashoni ndi zovala, kupereka mitundu yambiri ya zovala zamakono, nsapato, zipangizo, ndi zina. 4. John Lewis: www.johnlewis.com John Lewis amadziwika ndi zinthu zake zapamwamba kwambiri m'magulu osiyanasiyana monga zida zapakhomo, zamagetsi, mafashoni, ndi zina. 5. Tesco: www.tesco.com Tesco ndi amodzi mwamalo ogulitsira ku UK omwe amaperekanso zakudya zambiri pa intaneti. 6. Argos: www.argos.co.uk Argos amagwira ntchito ngati malo ogulitsira komanso ogulitsa pa intaneti omwe ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuyambira pamagetsi mpaka mipando. 7. Kwambiri: www.very.co.uk Amapereka mitundu ingapo yamafashoni yotsika mtengo kwa amuna, akazi, ndi ana pamodzi ndi zamagetsi ndi katundu wakunyumba. 8. AO.com: www.AO.com Okhazikika pazida zam'nyumba monga makina ochapira kapena mafiriji pamitengo yopikisana. 9.Currys PC World: www.currys.ie/ Currys PC World imapereka zida zamagetsi monga ma laputopu, makamera am'manja makamera olankhula Bluetooth etc. 10.Etsy:www.Etsy.com/uk Etsy imagwira ntchito ngati msika wapaintaneti wa zaluso zopangidwa ndi manja zapadera, zidutswa zakale, ndi zinthu zina zopanga. Izi ndi zitsanzo zochepa chabe pakati pa nsanja zina zambiri za e-commerce zomwe zimapezeka ku United Kingdom zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa ndi zofuna za makasitomala osiyanasiyana.

Major social media nsanja

United Kingdom imapereka malo osiyanasiyana ochezera a pa TV kwa nzika zake komanso okhalamo kuti azichita nawo. Nawa ena otchuka limodzi ndi ma URL awo ofananira patsamba lawo: 1. Facebook: Monga imodzi mwamawebusayiti akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Facebook imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana, kugawana zomwe zili, kulowa m'magulu, ndikulumikizana kudzera pamafoni kapena pavidiyo. (Webusaiti: www.facebook.com) 2. Twitter: Pulatifomu ya microblogging komwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kutumiza mauthenga achidule otchedwa ma tweets. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posintha nkhani, kutsatira anthu kapena mabungwe, ndikugawana malingaliro kapena malingaliro pamitu yosiyanasiyana. (Webusaiti: www.twitter.com) 3. Instagram: Tsamba logawana zithunzi ndi makanema pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kutsitsa zomwe zili ndi mawu ofotokozera ndi ma hashtag. Imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake ndipo imapereka zinthu monga nkhani, zosefera, mauthenga achindunji, ndi zosankha zogula. (Webusaiti: www.instagram.com) 4. LinkedIn: Malo ochezera a pa Intaneti omwe amathandiza anthu kupanga mbiri yosonyeza luso lawo, zomwe akumana nazo pa ntchito, mfundo zamaphunziro pamene akulumikizana ndi anzawo a m'madera ofanana kapena kufufuza mwayi wa ntchito. (Webusaiti: www.linkedin.com) 5. Snapchat: Pulogalamuyi yotumizira mauthenga amawu ambiri imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kutumiza zithunzi kapena makanema omwe akusoweka otchedwa "snaps" mwachindunji kwa anzawo kapena kuwonjezera ngati nkhani zowonekera kwa maola 24 okha.(Webusaiti: www.snapchat.com) 6.TikTok:TikTok ndi nsanja yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupanga makanema achidule kukhala nyimbo kuyambira pamasewera anthabwala mpaka zovuta zovina (Webusaiti: www.tiktok.com). 7.Reddit: Webusaiti yokambirana yogawidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana omwe amadziwika kuti "subreddits." Ogwiritsa ntchito amagawana zolemba pamitu yosiyana yomwe ikuthandizira zokambirana popereka ndemanga pazolembazi.(Webusaiti:www.reddit.com). 8.WhatsApp:Ndi pulogalamu yotumizira mauthenga yomwe imapereka mauthenga otetezedwa kumapeto mpaka-kumapeto kulola mameseji, kutumiza zolemba zamawu, ndikuyimba mafoni amawu/kanema(webusayiti:www.whatsapp.com). 9.Pinterest:Injini yodziwira zowoneka bwino yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popeza malingaliro pazokonda zosiyanasiyana monga kuphika, mafashoni, zokongoletsera kunyumba, zolimbitsa thupi.Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusunga, kugawana, ndikuzindikira malingaliro atsopano kudzera pazithunzi ndi makanema. (Webusaiti: www.pinterest.com) 10.YouTube:Nthawi yogawana makanema pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kutsitsa ndikuwonera zinthu zambiri kuphatikiza makanema anyimbo, mavlog, maphunziro, ndi zina zopangidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito.(Webusaiti:www.youtube.com) Chonde dziwani kuti kupezeka ndi kutchuka kwa malo ochezera a pa Intanetiwa kumatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe amakonda komanso zomwe amakonda.

Mgwirizano waukulu wamakampani

United Kingdom ili ndi mabungwe ambiri ogulitsa omwe akuyimira magawo osiyanasiyana. Nawa ena mwamakampani akuluakulu mdziko muno, komanso mawebusayiti awo: 1. Confederation of British Industry (CBI) - CBI ndi bungwe lazamalonda la UK, loyimira makampani ochokera m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Tsamba lawo ndi: https://www.cbi.org.uk/ 2. Federation of Small Businesses (FSB) - FSB imayimira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, kuwapatsa mawu ndi chithandizo kuti achite bwino mubizinesi. Onani tsamba lawo pa: https://www.fsb.org.uk/ 3. British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) - BCC ili ndi ma network am'dera lonse la UK, kuthandiza mabizinesi ndikuwongolera malonda akunja. Pitani patsamba lawo: https://www.britishchambers.org.uk/ 4. Manufacturing Technologies Association (MTA) - MTA imayimira opanga omwe akugwira nawo ntchito zamakina opangira uinjiniya, omwe amapereka chithandizo chazinthu zatsopano komanso kukula kwa gawoli. Pezani zambiri patsamba lawo: https://www.mta.org.uk/ 5. Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) - SMMT imagwira ntchito ngati mawu amakampani opanga magalimoto ku UK, kupititsa patsogolo zokonda zake kumayiko ndi mayiko. Dziwani zambiri za iwo apa: https://www.smmt.co.uk/ 6. National Farmers' Union (NFU) - NFU ikuyimira alimi ndi alimi ku England ndi Wales, kuyesetsa kuonetsetsa kuti ulimi ukhale wopindulitsa komanso wokhazikika m'maderawa. Onani tsamba lawo pa: https://www.nfuonline.com/ 7. Hospitality UK - HospitalityUK ikufuna kulimbikitsa mabizinesi ochereza alendo popereka zothandizira monga maphunziro, zambiri zamalamulo, malangizo a ntchito etc. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za iwo pitani-https://businessadvice.co.uk/advice/fundraising/everything-small-business-owners-need-to-know-about-crowdfunding/. 8.Creative Industries Federation- Bungweli limalimbikitsa gawo lazopangapanga, kulimbikitsa phindu lake pazachuma ndi chikhalidwe. Tsamba lawo ndi: https://www.creativeindustriesfederation.com/ Izi ndi zitsanzo zochepa chabe za mabungwe akuluakulu amakampani ku UK. Pali ena ambiri omwe amathandizira magawo ena monga ukadaulo, zachuma, zaumoyo, ndi zina zambiri.

Mawebusayiti a bizinesi ndi malonda

Pali masamba angapo azachuma ndi malonda okhudzana ndi United Kingdom omwe amapereka zidziwitso ndi zothandizira mabizinesi ndi anthu pawokha. Nawa ena mwa iwo pamodzi ndi maulalo awo awebusayiti: 1. Gov.uk: Webusaitiyi yovomerezeka ya boma la UK ili ndi chidziwitso chokwanira pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zamalonda, malonda, ndi zachuma m'dzikolo. (https://www.gov.uk/) 2. Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Zamalonda Padziko Lonse (DIT): DIT imagwira ntchito yolimbikitsa malonda apadziko lonse ndi mwayi wandalama kwa mabizinesi aku UK. Webusaiti yawo imapereka chitsogozo, zida, ndi malipoti amsika pamabizinesi omwe akufuna kukulira padziko lonse lapansi. (https://www.great.gov.uk/) 3. British Chambers of Commerce: Bungwe la British Chambers of Commerce likuyimira magulu ambiri a m'deralo ku UK, kupereka chithandizo ndi kuyimira zofuna zamalonda kumadera, dziko, ndi mayiko. (https://www.britishchambers.org.uk/) 4. Institute of Export & International Trade: Bungwe ili la umembala la akatswiri limapereka maphunziro, mapulogalamu ophunzitsira, maupangiri, ndi mwayi wolumikizana ndi malonda akunja kwa anthu kapena makampani omwe akugulitsa kunja kapena kutumiza katundu kapena ntchito kuchokera ku/ku UK. (https://www.export.org.uk/) 5. HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC): Monga dipatimenti ya boma yomwe ili ndi udindo wotolera misonkho ku UK, HMRC imapereka chitsogozo chofunikira pamayendedwe a kasitomu okhudzana ndi kuitanitsa/kutumiza kunja pamodzi ndi nkhani zina zandalama. (https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/hm-revenue-customs) 6.The London Stock Exchange Group: Kampani yotsogola kwambiri ku Europe ili ndi tsamba lawokha lodzipereka lomwe limapereka zambiri zamalamulo amndandanda komanso kupereka chithandizo chothandizira kuphatikiza chithandizo chaukadaulo. (https://www.lseg.com/markets-products-and-services/business-services/group-business-services/london-stock-exchange/listing/taking-your-company-public/how-list-uk ). 7.UK Trade Tariff Online: Imayendetsedwa ndi HM Revenue & Customs pansi pa ulamuliro wa Her Majness's Treasury; ndi mndandanda wovuta wa malamulo amitengo omwe otumiza kunja ndi otumiza kunja ayenera kutsatira akamagulitsa zinthu ku UK. (https://www.gov.uk/trade-tariff) Mawebusaitiwa amapereka zinthu zambiri zothandizira mabizinesi ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi zochitika zachuma ndi zamalonda ku United Kingdom.

Mawebusayiti amafunso amalonda

Pali mawebusayiti angapo ofufuza zamalonda omwe akupezeka ku United Kingdom. Nawu mndandanda wa ena otchuka limodzi ndi ma URL awo patsamba: 1. UK Trade Info - Tsamba lovomerezeka la HM Revenue & Customs limapereka zambiri zazambiri zamalonda aku UK, zotuluka kunja, zotuluka kunja, ndi magulu amitengo. URL: https://www.uktradeinfo.com/ 2. Ofesi ya National Statistics (ONS) - ONS imapereka ziwerengero zamalonda zamalonda kuphatikizapo malonda a katundu ndi ntchito, deta yotumiza kunja ndi yotumiza kunja, komanso kusanthula malonda a mayiko. Ulalo: https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade 3. Dipatimenti Yowona Zamalonda Padziko Lonse (DIT) - DIT imapereka zida zanzeru zamsika komanso mwayi wopeza mwayi wamalonda wapadziko lonse lapansi kudzera papulatifomu yake ya "Pezani Mipata Yotumiza kunja". URL: https://www.great.gov.uk/ 4. Economics Economics - Tsambali limapereka zizindikiro za kukula kwachuma, mitengo yamtengo wapatali, masheya a msika, zokolola za boma, ndi mfundo zina zambiri zachuma zomwe zimakhudza chuma cha United Kingdom. Ulalo: https://tradingeconomics.com/united-kingdom 5. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) - nkhokwe ya WITS imapereka mwayi wopeza zambiri zamalonda zamalonda kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana. Ogwiritsa ntchito atha kufunsa zapadziko lonse kapena mulingo wazogulitsa ku United Kingdom. URL: https://wits.worldbank.org/ Chonde dziwani kuti ngakhale mawebusayitiwa amapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pazamalonda aku UK, ndikofunikira kuyang'ananso magwero angapo kuti muwonetsetse kulondola komanso kudalirika kwa zomwe zaperekedwa.

B2B nsanja

Ku United Kingdom, pali nsanja zingapo za B2B zomwe zimalumikiza mabizinesi ndikuwongolera zochitika zamalonda. Nawa ena mwa nsanja zodziwika bwino za B2B ku UK limodzi ndi ma adilesi awo awebusayiti: 1. Alibaba.com UK: Monga msika wapadziko lonse wa B2B, Alibaba.com imapereka nsanja kuti mabizinesi azitha kulumikizana, kugulitsa zinthu, ndikupeza ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi. (https://www.alibaba.com/) 2. Amazon Business UK: Kuwonjezera kwa Amazon yopangidwira mabizinesi, Amazon Business imagwirizanitsa ogula ndi ogulitsa m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana popereka zinthu monga kuyitanitsa zambiri, mitengo yamalonda yokha, ndi kuchotsera kokha. (https://business.amazon.co.uk/) 3. Thomasnet UK: Thomasnet ndi nsanja yotsogola yamakampani yomwe imalumikiza ogula ndi ogulitsa m'magawo angapo ku United Kingdom. Imakhala ndi kuthekera kopeza zinthu ndi zida zodziwira othandizira komanso zambiri zamakampani. (https://www.thomasnet.com/uk/) 4. Global Sources UK: Global Sources ndi msika wina wotchuka wapa intaneti wa B2B wolumikiza ogula ochokera kumayiko ena ndi ogulitsa omwe amakhala ku Asia komanso kuphatikiza makampani ochokera kumadera ena padziko lonse lapansi.(https://www.globalsources.com/united-kingdom) 5. EWorldTrade UK: EWorldTrade imagwira ntchito ngati msika wa pa intaneti wa B2B wotsogolera malonda pakati pa mabizinesi aku Britain ndi ogwirizana ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga nsalu, zamagetsi, makina, ndi zina zotero (https://www.eeworldtrade.uk/) 6.TradeIndiaUK TradeIndia ndi nsanja yapaintaneti yolumikiza ogulitsa / ogulitsa aku India kwa ogulitsa kunja/ogula padziko lonse lapansi zomwe zitha kukhala zothandiza kumadera angapo ku United Kingdom. (https://uk.tradeindia.com/) Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mndandandawu umangoyimira njira zina zodziwika bwino pakati pa nsanja zambiri za B2B ku United Kingdom zomwe zimathandizira mabizinesi ndi mabizinesi moyenera ndikuchirikiza njira zamalonda zodutsa malire.