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ʻIke ʻāina
Kālā Lahui
Kumukuai
Nā lā hoʻomaha nui
Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai ʻē
Hiki i ka Makeke Hoʻomohala
Wela kuai huahana ma ka makeke
ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā kapu
Pūnaehana hoʻokele dute
Nā kulekele ʻauhau lawe mai
Nā kulekele ʻauhau hoʻokuʻu aku
Pono nā palapala hōʻoia no ka lawe ʻana aku
Paipai ʻia ka logistic
Nā ala no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan, ʻo ia ka Repubalika o Turkmenistan, aia ma ʻAsia Waena. He 6 miliona kanaka kona heluna kanaka a kaʻana like i kona mau palena me Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Afghanistan, a me ke Kai Caspian. Ua loaʻa iā Turkmenistan ke kūʻokoʻa mai ka Soviet Union i ka makahiki 1991 a ua lawe ʻo ia i kahi ʻōnaehana pelekikena. ʻO ka pelekikena o kēia manawa, ʻo Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, i noho mana mai ka makahiki 2007. ʻO ke kapikala o ka ʻāina a me ke kūlanakauhale nui loa ʻo Ashgabat. Ke hilinaʻi nui nei ka hoʻokele waiwai o Turkmenistan i kāna mau mālama kinoea kūlohelohe. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea hana kinoea kūlohelohe nui loa o ka honua me ka nui o ka lawe ʻana aku i nā ʻāina e like me Kina a me Russia. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka mahiʻai ma ka ʻoihana, ʻo ka pulupulu kekahi o kāna mau mea kanu nui. Hāʻawi ʻo Turkmenistan i nā ʻāina like ʻole mai nā wao nahele nui a hiki i nā pae mauna. Uhi ka wao nahele ʻo Karakum i ka hapa nui o kona ʻāina ʻoiai ʻo Kopet Dag ka mauna kaulana o ka ʻāina. Hāʻawi kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ʻāina i nā manawa kūpono no ka mākaʻikaʻi huakaʻi e like me ka trekking a me nā safaris wao nahele. Hoʻopili nui ʻia ka moʻomeheu o Turkmenistan e nā moʻomeheu nomadic kahiko a me ka hoʻoilina Islam. ʻO nā hana mele kuʻuna e hōʻike ana i nā mea kani kahiko e like me dutar (lute) kaulana i waena o nā kamaʻāina. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻokipa i kā lākou moʻomeheu no ka mea e mālama mau ʻia nā malihini me ka mahalo a me ka lokomaikaʻi. ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Turkmen i kā lākou ʻōlelo aupuni, ʻōlelo nui ʻia ʻo Rūsia ma muli o ka pilina o ka mōʻaukala me Rūsia i ka wā Soviet. ʻO Islam ka hoʻomana mua i hana ʻia e ka hapa nui o nā kamaʻāina Turkmen; akā naʻe, mālama ʻia ke kūʻokoʻa hoʻomana e ke kānāwai. Ke ulu mālie nei ka mākaʻikaʻi ma Turkmenistan ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻoihana; Eia naʻe, hāʻawi ia i nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa e like me UNESCO World Heritage Sites me nā kūlanakauhale kahiko e like me Merv a me Kunya-Urgench kaulana no kā lākou mau hale hana kupanaha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā kenekulia. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka hana pili aupuni a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana ma mua o ke kinoea maoli. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana iā Turkmenistan ma ke ʻano he ala hele no ke kālepa kūloko a me nā papahana ikehu. No laila, he mea hoihoi ke ʻike pehea e hoʻomau ai ʻo Turkmenistan i ka ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.

ʻO Turkmenistan, i kapa inoa ʻia ʻo ka Repubalika o Turkmenistan, aia kāna kālā ponoʻī i kapa ʻia ʻo Turkmenistan manat (TMT). ʻO ka manat ke kālā kūhelu a me ke ʻano o ke kānāwai ma Turkmenistan a ua māhele hou ʻia i 100 tenge. ʻO ka Central Bank of Turkmenistan ke kuleana no ka hoʻopuka ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kahe o ka manat. Hoʻokomo ʻia i ka makahiki 1993 e hoʻololi i ka ruble Lūkini ma hope o ke kūʻokoʻa ʻana mai ka Soviet Union, ua loaʻa ka manat i kekahi mau redenominations mai ia manawa ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka inflationary. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻāpana kālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā denomination o 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 a me 50 tenge. Loaʻa nā waihona kālā ma nā ʻano inoa like ʻole me 1, 5,10 ,20 ,50 ,100 ,500 a ʻo ka waihona kālā i hoʻopuka hou ʻia he TMT1.000. Hoʻololi ke kumukūʻai o ka manat i nā kālā honua nui e like me ke kālā US a i ʻole ka euro ma lalo o ke ʻano hoʻololi hoʻololi lana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kālepa o ka honua i nā kālā haole e like me USD a i ʻole euro. Mālama ʻo Turkmenistan i nā mana kālā koʻikoʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i loko o kona mau palena; no laila hiki ke paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o nā manawa e hoʻololi i ke kālā kūloko ma waho o Turkmenistan ponoʻī. Pono ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e kipa mai i kēia ʻāina e lawe mai i nā kālā ʻē aʻe. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻia ke kālā aupuni o Turkmenistan ʻo Manat (TMT), ka mea lawelawe ma ke kānāwai i loko o kona mau palena me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i waho ma lalo o kahi kumukūʻai kūhelu kūhelu.

ʻO ke kālā kūhelu o Turkmenistan ka Turkmenistan Manat (TMT). ʻO nā kumukūʻai kūʻai kokoke o TMT me nā kālā nui honua penei: 1 USD ≈ 3.5 TMT 1 EUR ≈ 4.2 TMT 1 GBP ≈ 4.8 TMT E ʻoluʻolu e ʻoluʻolu e loli nā kumukūʻai kūʻai, a ʻaʻole hōʻike ka ʻikepili i hāʻawi ʻia i nā kumukūʻai o kēia manawa. Manaʻo ʻia e nānā me kahi kumu hilinaʻi a i ʻole ʻoihana kālā no nā kumukūʻai kūʻai manawa maoli.

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan ma Central Asia, i ʻike ʻia no kāna hoʻoilina moʻomeheu waiwai a me nā kuʻuna kūʻokoʻa. Nui nā lā hoʻomaha nui i hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ma Turkmenistan i mea nui i kona poʻe. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻahaʻaina koʻikoʻi ma Turkmenistan ʻo ia ka lā Independence, mālama ʻia ma ʻOkakopa 27th i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻomanaʻo kēia lā hoʻomaha aupuni i ka haʻi ʻana o ka ʻāina i ke kūʻokoʻa mai ka Soviet Union i ka makahiki 1991. I kēia lā, komo nā kamaʻāina i nā parade ikaika, nā ʻaha mele, a me nā hanana moʻomeheu e hōʻike ana i ko lākou haʻaheo a me ka lokahi. ʻO kekahi ʻahaʻaina kaulana ʻo Nowruz, i kapa ʻia ʻo Persian New Year a i ʻole Spring Equinox. Hoʻolauleʻa ʻia i ka lā Malaki 21 i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua hōʻailona ʻo Nowruz i ka hoʻomaka o ka pūnāwai a me ka hana hou o ke ʻano. Hoʻākoakoa nā ʻohana Turkmen e ʻoliʻoli i nā meaʻai ʻoliʻoli, hoʻololi i nā makana a kipa aku i nā ʻohana i kēia manawa. ʻO nā mele kuʻuna, nā hula hula, a me nā hanana haʻuki e hoʻonui i ka lewa hauʻoli. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lā Lio a i ʻole ʻo Ahalteke Horse Beauty Festival e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i nā ʻano lio waiwai nui o Turkmenistan i kapa ʻia ʻo "Ahalteke." Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka lā 25 ʻApelila ma Gokdepe Hippodrome kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Ashgabat, ʻo kēia ʻahaʻaina kūʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā heihei lio a me nā hoʻokūkū e hōʻike ana i ka nani a me ka lokomaikaʻi o kēia mau mea kupanaha. Eia kekahi, hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ka lā Kumukānāwai ma ka lā 18 o Mei i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai ka wā e hōʻailona ai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ke kumukānāwai o Turkmenistan ma 1992 ma hope o ke kūʻokoʻa. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hanana like ʻole ma ka ʻāina no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i kēia lā me nā ʻahamele e hōʻike ana i nā hana mele kuʻuna a me nā hōʻikeʻike kiʻi e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻoilina aupuni. I ka hopena, he nui nā lā hoʻomaha koʻikoʻi ʻo Turkmenistan i koʻikoʻi nui no kona poʻe. Hoʻolauleʻa ka Lā Kūʻokoʻa i ke kūʻokoʻa mai ke aupuni Soviet; Hōʻike ʻo Nowruz i nā hoʻomaka hou; Hōʻikeʻike ka Lā Lio i nā lio aloha ʻo Ahalteke; ʻoiai ʻo ka lā Kumukānāwai e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka ʻike lāhui. Hāʻawi kēia mau ʻahaʻaina i nā kamaʻāina e hoʻolauleʻa i ko lākou mōʻaukala ʻoiai e hāpai ana i ka lokahi ma waena o nā kaiāulu like ʻole ma Turkmenistan.

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan ma ʻAsia Waena, ʻike ʻia no kāna mau mālama kinoea nui. Hoʻopili nui ʻia ke kūlana kālepa o ka ʻāina e kāna kumu waiwai ikehu a me nā huahana mahiʻai. Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku, kūʻai nui aku ʻo Turkmenistan i ke kinoea kūlohelohe i nā ʻāina like ʻole, me Kina, Iran, Russia, a me Turkey. He hapa nui kēia o ka loaʻa kālā ma waho o ka ʻāina. Eia kekahi, lawe aku ʻo Turkmenistan i nā huahana petroleum e like me ka ʻaila a me ka wahie diesel. Ma waho aʻe o nā kumuwaiwai ikehu, hoʻopuka ʻo Turkmenistan i nā huahana mahiʻai e like me ka pulupulu a me ka palaoa. He mea kanu kuʻuna ka pulupulu ma ka ʻāina no nā kenekulia a he mea nui nō ia i ka hoʻokele waiwai. Ma ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana mai, hilinaʻi nui ʻo Turkmenistan i nā mīkini a me nā mea hana no nā hana ʻoihana a me nā kaʻa me nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa. Hoʻokomo pū ia i nā mea kūʻai like ʻole e like me ka textiles, electronics, a me nā mea pono hale. ʻO nā hoa kālepa mua o Turkmenistan ʻo Kina i ukali ʻia e Turkey, Russia, Iran, Ukraine, a me kekahi mau ʻāina ʻEulopa. Eia nō naʻe, he mea paʻakikī ka hoʻokele waiwai no ka ʻāina ma muli o kona hilinaʻi nui ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ke kinoea maoli. Ke manaʻo nei nā luna o Turkmen e hoʻonui i kā lākou ʻano o nā waiwai e hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia me ka huki ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka pololei o nā ʻāina ʻē i nā ʻoihana ma waho o ka ʻoihana ikehu. ka mākaʻikaʻi, textile, hoʻokele, a me ka logistics transit, e kālele ana i nā mākeke kūpono ma ʻEulopa, ka Middle East, a me ʻAsia Hema. I ka hopena, hilinaʻi nui ʻo Turkmenistan i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku i ke kinoea maoli me nā huahana mahiʻai. Ke hoʻoikaika nei ke aupuni e hoʻololi i kāna ʻoihana ma mua o ka ʻoihana ikehu i mea e hoʻoikaika ai i kāna pilina kalepa me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe me ka huki ʻana i nā hoʻopukapuka haole ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole.

ʻO Turkmenistan, aia ma Central Asia, loaʻa iā ia ka mana nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kāna mākeke kālepa haole. Nui ka ʻāina i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe e like me ka aila, ke kinoea maoli, a me nā minerala. Hāʻawi pū kona wahi kikoʻī i ke komo ʻana i nā mākeke koʻikoʻi ma ʻEulopa a me Asia. ʻO kekahi kumu nui e alakaʻi nei i ka hiki ke hoʻokuʻu aku ʻo Turkmenistan ʻo ia ka nui o nā mālama kinoea kūlohelohe. Paʻa ka ʻāina i kekahi o nā māla kinoea nui loa o ka honua a ua lilo ia i mea hoʻolako alakaʻi i nā ʻāina e pili ana me Kina a me Russia. Eia hou, ke ʻimi nei ʻo Turkmenistan i ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāna mau mea hoʻokele ikehu ma o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pipeline a me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mākeke hou. ʻO kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe me ka hiki ke ulu ʻo Turkmenistan ʻoihana mahiʻai. Me nā ʻāina momona a me nā kumu wai kūpono mai ka muliwai ʻo Amu Darya, he ʻāina nui ka ʻāina i kūpono no ka mahi ʻana i nā mea kanu. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hana mahiʻai a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana, hiki iā Turkmenistan ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hana no nā mea kūʻai aku e like me ka pulupulu, nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, a me nā huahana holoholona. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻolilo nui ʻo Turkmenistan i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kāna ʻoihana kaʻa. Hoʻopili kēia i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kaʻaahi e hoʻopili ana iā Central Asia me Iran (North-South Transport Corridor) a me nā alaloa e pili ana iā Afghanistan me Azerbaijan (Lapis Lazuli Corridor). Ke manaʻo nei kēia mau hana e hoʻonui i ka pilina ma waena o nā ʻoihana kūloko aʻo ka hoʻonoho ʻana iā Turkmenistan ma ke ʻano he ala transit koʻikoʻi no ke kālepa honua. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau pilikia e pono ai ka nānā ʻana i ka wā e hoʻonui ai i ka mākeke kālepa haole o Turkmenistan. Pono ka lāhui e hoʻokaʻawale i kāna kōpili hoʻokuʻu aku ma mua o nā huahana ikehu ma o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻoihana ʻaila ʻole e like me ka textiles, kemika a me ka hana mīkini. Eia kekahi, pono ke aupuni e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā lula, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā kaʻina hana kuʻuna, nā palena uku, a me nā pale ʻole-tariff e huki ai i nā mea hoʻopukapuka haole i loko o ka ʻāina, e hōʻemi ana i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā hoa kuʻuna e like me Kina, Rusia, Iran, Turkey etc. I ka hopena, ʻo ke kūlana ʻāina maikaʻi o Turkemenistans me ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai ikehu, nā mana agricultural, a me ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā ʻoihana halihali, e hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kāna mākeke kālepa haole. Me nā hoʻoponopono kulekele kūpono a me nā hana i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hiki i ka ʻāina ke hoʻopaʻa pono i kona hiki a huki i nā hoʻopukapuka e hoʻoikaika i ka ulu waiwai i ka wā lōʻihi.

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan ma ʻĀkia Waena. I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke koho ʻana i nā huahana no kāna mākeke kālepa haole, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, nā makemake moʻomeheu, a me nā ʻano mākeke o kēia manawa. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo Turkmenistan kahi hoʻokele waiwai e pili ana i ka mahiʻai a hilinaʻi nui i nā hoʻoiho kinoea maoli. No laila, hiki i nā huahana pili i ka mahiʻai a me nā ʻāpana ikehu ke lilo i mea kūʻai wela i kā lākou mākeke kālepa haole. Hiki i kēia ke komo i nā mīkini mahiʻai a me nā lako, nā mea kanu, nā hua, nā ʻōnaehana ikehu hou, a me nā ʻenehana pili kinoea. ʻO ka lua, he waiwai moʻomeheu ko Turkmenistan me ka waiwai nui o nā hana kuʻuna. ʻO nā mea hana lima e like me nā kāpeti a me nā lole i hana ʻia e nā mea hana kūloko i kaulana i loko o ka ʻāina a ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku honua. No laila, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i nā manawa kūpono e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā hana kuʻuna mai Turkmenistan hiki ke loaʻa ka waiwai. Eia kekahi, e noʻonoʻo ana i ke aniau o Turkmenistan e hōʻike ana i nā kauwela wela loa me ka ua palena ʻole i kekahi mau wahi. Hiki i nā huahana pili i ka mālama wai a me nā ʻōnaehana irrigation ke kōkua i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia pono kikoʻī o ka mākeke. Eia kekahi, no ka mea, pili ka poʻe Turkmen i ke ʻano, ʻo ka lawe ʻana mai i nā mea lole lole mai nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua a i ʻole ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻāpana hana lole i loko o Turkmenistan ponoʻī he koho kūpono no ka hoʻonui ʻana i kēia makemake. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano mākeke o kēia manawa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hiki ai i nā mea kūʻai aku ke hoʻolauna i nā huahana trending i hiki ke loaʻa i ka kaulana ma Turkmenistan pū kekahi, e like me nā huahana eco-friendly a i ʻole nā mea ʻenehana akamai. I ka hopena, i ke koho ʻana i nā huahana no ke kālepa ʻē aʻe i loko o nā mākeke o Turkenmistan, pono e noʻonoʻo i kā lākou mau pono waiwai, makemake moʻomeheu, a me nā ʻano hou loa ʻoiai ʻaʻole e nānā wale i nā wahi kuʻuna e like me ka mahiʻai akā e ʻimi pū ana i nā manawa i nā ʻoihana e kū mai ana e like me ka ikehu hou, nā hana lima. ʻoihana, ʻoihana hana, ʻenehana akamai etc

ʻO Turkmenistan, aia ma Central Asia, he ʻāina me nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻai kūʻokoʻa a me nā kapu. I ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻike mea kūʻai aku o Turkmenistan, pono e noʻonoʻo i nā mea e like me nā kuʻuna moʻomeheu, nā kuʻuna, a me nā waiwai. Mahalo nui ka poʻe o Turkmenistan i ka mahalo a me ka hoʻokipa i nā malihini. Ke launa pū me nā mea kūʻai aku o Turkmen, he mea koʻikoʻi ia e hōʻike i ka mahalo a aloha iā lākou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā aloha kūpono e like me "salaam alaykum." He mea koʻikoʻi ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pilina pilikino no ka kūleʻa o ka ʻoihana no ka mea he mea nui ka hilinaʻi i kā lākou hana hoʻoholo. Ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano kamaʻilio, ʻaʻole makemake mau ʻia ka pololei. Pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻōlelo diplomatic i ka wā e alakaʻi ana i nā hālāwai ʻoihana a i ʻole ke kūkākūkā ʻana. ʻO ka hōʻalo ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike a i ʻole ka hana hoʻomāinoino e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pilina kūlike me nā mea kūʻai mai Turkmenistan. Ke hana nei i ka ʻoihana ma Turkmenistan, he mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa. ʻO ka hōʻea lohi ʻana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolaha mua e manaʻo ʻole ʻia e nā mea kūʻai. ʻO ka hele ʻana i ka manawa e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoihana a me ka mahalo i ka manawa a me ke ʻano hana o kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻO kekahi mea koʻikoʻi e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e launa pū ai me nā mea kūʻai aku Turkmen ko lākou mau hoʻomana hoʻomana. Hoʻopili ka Islam i nā ʻano āpau o ke ola ma kēia ʻāina; No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike ʻana i nā loina a me nā hana Islam i ka wā e komo ai i nā pilina ʻoihana a i ʻole nā hui kaiaulu. Ma nā ʻāina Muslim he nui e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana o Turkmenistan a i ʻole ka lawelawe ʻana i ka waiʻona hiki ke pilikia ma muli o nā kapu hoʻomana i ka inu ʻona; no laila e pale ʻia i ka wā o nā hana ʻoihana ke ʻole i hāʻawi mua ʻia e ka mea hoʻokipa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā loina kūloko e like me ka uhi ʻana i nā poʻohiwi (no nā wahine) a me ka wehe ʻana i nā kāmaʻa ma mua o ke komo ʻana i nā hale a i ʻole nā wahi hoʻomana e kōkua nui i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pilina hilinaʻi me nā poʻe mai Turkmenistan. I ka hopena, mahalo ka poʻe kūʻai aku o Turkmen i ka ʻano hanohano e pili ana i kā lākou mau moʻomeheu.

Aia ʻo Turkmenistan, aia ma Central Asia, i kāna mau loina ponoʻī a me nā ana e mālama ai i kona mau palena. Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e huakaʻi i Turkmenistan, aia kekahi mau mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele o ka ʻāina. ʻO ka mea mua, pono nā malihini a pau e loaʻa i kahi passport kūpono me ka liʻiliʻi o ʻeono mahina o ke koena mana mai ka lā i komo ai i Turkmenistan. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā koi o ka visa ma muli o kou ʻāina kamaʻāina, no laila e aʻo ʻia e nānā me ka embassy Turkmen kokoke loa a i ʻole consulate ma mua. I kou komo ʻana i Turkmenistan, pono ʻoe e hoʻopiha i kahi kāleka immigration e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka luna hoʻomalu palena. Pono e mālama pono ʻia kēia kāleka no ka mea e koi ʻia i kou wā a pau a i ka wā e haʻalele ai i ka ʻāina. Mālama ikaika ʻo Turkmenistan i ka lawe ʻana mai a me ka lawe ʻana aku ma o kona mau palena. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia kekahi mau mea e like me nā pū, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea kaua, a me nā ponokala kiʻi mai ka lawe ʻia ʻana mai a lawe ʻia paha i waho o ka ʻāina. Eia hou, hiki i nā huahana mahiʻai a me nā holoholona ke alo i nā palena a i ʻole e koi i nā ʻae kūikawā. He mea nui e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho me kēia mau lula ma mua o ke komo ʻana a haʻalele paha iā Turkmenistan. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he mana ākea ākea nā luna dute ma Turkmenistan i ka nānā ʻana i nā ukana a me nā mea ponoʻī ma nā mokulele a i ʻole ke ala ʻāina. Manaʻo nui ʻia ka launa pū ʻana me nā luna i ka wā o kēia mau nānā ʻana no ke kaʻina komo maʻalahi. Ma ke ʻano o nā hoʻoponopono kālā, koi ʻia nā huakaʻi e haʻi i ka nui ma mua o $ 10,000 USD ma ka hōʻea ʻana i Turkmenistan. Inā ʻaʻole e hana pēlā, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ke kālā. He mea kōkua nō hoʻi i ka poʻe huakaʻi e hele mai ana i Turkmenistan ma o nā ala ʻāina e kali ai i ka hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ma muli o nā loiloi palapala nui i hana ʻia e nā luna palena. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, pono ka poʻe malihini e hele ana i Turkmenistan e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou iho i kā lākou mau koi visa kikoʻī a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hoʻoponopono hoʻopukapuka / lawe ʻia e nā luna Dute.

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan ma Central Asia me kahi kulekele ʻauhau kūʻokoʻa no nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai. Manaʻo ka ʻāina e pale i nā ʻoihana kūloko a hoʻoikaika i ka pono ponoʻī ma ke kau ʻana i kekahi mau ʻauhau ma nā huahana i lawe ʻia mai. Hoʻolimalima ʻia nā dute lawe ʻia mai nā waiwai like ʻole i lawe ʻia mai i Turkmenistan mai nā ʻāina ʻē. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻauhau i kau ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano a me ka waiwai o ka huahana i lawe ʻia mai, a me kona hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma lalo o nā kānāwai dute o Turkmenistan. Ma keʻano laulā, helu ʻia nā dute lawe mai ma muli o ka waiwai CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) o nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai. Hoʻopili kēia i ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana ponoʻī, nā uku ʻinikua i loaʻa i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana, a me nā uku ukana e hāʻawi iā ia i Turkmenistan. ʻOkoʻa nā kumukūʻai ma muli o ke ʻano o nā mea kūʻai i lawe ʻia mai. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā meaʻai koʻikoʻi e like me nā kīʻaha a me nā huaʻai i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā waiwai waiwai e like me ka uila a i ʻole nā kaʻa. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi mau huahana mai nā dute lawe mai inā hāʻawi kēia mau mea i nā papahana hoʻomohala aupuni a i ʻole e hoʻokō i nā koina kikoʻī i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ke aupuni o Turkmenistan. He mea nui i nā poʻe a i ʻole nā ʻoihana e lawe mai ana i nā waiwai i Turkmenistan e hoʻokō i nā lula pili āpau e pale aku ai i ka hoʻopaʻi a i ʻole ka lohi ʻana ma nā wahi nānā dute. Pono e hāʻawi pololei ʻia nā palapala kākoʻo e pili ana i ke kumu a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā waiwai i ka wā e haʻi aku ai i ka lawe ʻana mai i hiki i nā luna ʻauhau ke loiloi pono i nā uku pili. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kulekele ʻauhau lawe mai o Turkmenistan i kēlā me kēia manawa ma muli o nā mea nui o ke aupuni e manaʻo ana e hoʻonui i ka hana kūloko a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā huahana haole. No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi i nā mea lawe mai a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā ma Turkmenistan e noho ʻike e pili ana i nā mea hou e pili ana i nā kaʻina hana kuʻuna a me nā kulekele ʻauhau ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā hana kālepa cross-border.

ʻO Turkmenistan, kahi ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia Waena i waiwai i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a ʻike ʻia no kāna ʻano hoʻokele waiwai, hoʻokō i kahi kulekele ʻauhau hoʻokuʻu aku e hoʻoponopono i kāna mau hana kālepa. Hoʻolimalima ka ʻāina i nā ʻauhau ma kekahi mau ʻāpana o nā waiwai i lawe ʻia aku e mālama i ka puka ʻana o kēia mau waiwai waiwai, hoʻoulu i nā ʻoihana kūloko a pale i nā mākeke hoʻolālā. Hoʻokahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ke kulekele ʻauhau hoʻoiho o Turkmenistan e kālele ana i ka ʻāpana ikehu. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o ke kinoea kūlohelohe, hilinaʻi nui ʻo Turkmenistan i nā hoʻoiho kinoea ma ke ʻano he kumu nui o ka loaʻa kālā. No ka paipai ʻana i ka ʻoihana kaʻina hana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūloko, hoʻokō ke aupuni i nā ʻauhau kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku ma ke kinoea kūlohelohe i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā huahana i hoʻohui ʻia e like me ke kinoea kūlohelohe (LNG) a i ʻole nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. Ke manaʻo nei kēia kulekele i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hoʻopukapuka kālā ma nā ʻoihana kūloko a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana ma Turkmenistan. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻoihana mahiʻai o Turkmenistan kekahi hana koʻikoʻi i kāna ʻoihana. Kākoʻo ke aupuni i kēia ʻāpana ma o ka ʻauhau nui ʻana i nā mea mahiʻai ʻole ma mua o nā huahana mahiʻai e like me ka pulupulu a me ka palaoa. Ma ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā kulekele ʻauhau maikaʻi no nā waiwai mahiʻai, ʻimi ʻo Turkmenistan e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka meaʻai i loko o kona mau palena aʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā manawa ulu no nā mahiʻai a me nā ʻoihana mahiʻai. Ma waho aʻe o ka ikehu a me ka mahiʻai, hāʻule nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma lalo o ke aupuni ʻauhau hoʻoiho o Turkmenistan. No ka laʻana, hiki i nā huahana ʻaila i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke kū i nā kumukūʻai ʻauhau kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka aila ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waiwai ma o nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūloko. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he ʻokoʻa nā kikoʻī kikoʻī e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai ʻauhau no nā mea kūʻai like ʻole i lawe ʻia aku i waho i ka manawa ma muli o ke kūlana hoʻokele waiwai a i ʻole nā loli i nā kulekele aupuni. ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ma o ka hoʻokō pono ʻana i nā ʻauhau hoʻopuka ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ka ikehu, ka mahiʻai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe; Ke ʻimi nei ʻo Turkmenistan e hana i kahi kaulike ma waena o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā mai ke kālepa honua a me ka pale ʻana i nā ʻoihana kūloko koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau mau.

ʻO Turkmenistan, he ʻāina ʻĀkia Waena i palena ʻia e Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, a me ke Kai Caspian, he nui nā koi palapala hōʻoia no nā huahana like ʻole. No nā huahana mahiʻai e like me nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, a me nā meaʻai ma ka laulā, pono e loaʻa i nā mea kūʻai aku nā palapala phytosanitary pono. Ua hōʻoia kēia mau palapala hōʻoia ua nānā ʻia nā waiwai a ʻaʻole i nā pests a i ʻole nā maʻi e hiki ke hōʻeha i ka ʻoihana mahiʻai o Turkmenistan. I ka hihia o nā huahana holoholona e like me ka ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā mea waiu i manaʻo ʻia no ka lawe ʻana aku i Turkmenistan, pono e hoʻokō nā mea kūʻai aku i nā kānāwai holoholona. Pono lākou e kiʻi i nā palapala hōʻoia olakino olakino e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ke olakino o nā holoholona i ka manawa o ka pepehi ʻana a i ʻole ka waiū a ua hana ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻemaʻe. Ke hoʻokuʻu aku nei i nā lole lole a i ʻole nā mea lole i Turkmenistan, he mea nui ia e mālama i nā kūlana maikaʻi. Pono paha nā mea hoʻopuka e hāʻawi i ka hōʻoia o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi palekana huahana ma o nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo a i ʻole nā hōʻoia mai nā laboratories i ʻae ʻia. No nā mea uila a me nā mea uila i hoʻoholo ʻia no ka mākeke o Turkmenistan, pono e hoʻokō me nā kūlana ʻenehana. Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hōʻoia i kā lākou huahana e hoʻokō i ka palekana a me nā kūlana maikaʻi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā mana Turkmenistani. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke noi ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi palapala hōʻoia no ka mea e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā lula pili. No ka lawe ʻana aku i nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka mākeke o Turkmenistan, pono ka palapala hōʻoia mai nā hui hoʻoponopono aupuni e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi o ka hoʻopaʻa inoa lāʻau. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he mau alakaʻi maʻamau wale nō kēia e pili ana i ka palapala hōʻoia i waho ma Turkmenistan. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā koi kikoʻī ma muli o ke ʻano o nā waiwai e lawe ʻia aku ana a me nā kānāwai / kānāwai kūloko i kēlā me kēia manawa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kūʻai aku e nīnau i nā keʻena kālepa kūloko a i ʻole e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka ʻike hou e pili ana i nā kaʻina hana hōʻoia i waho ma Turkmenistan.

ʻO Turkmenistan, aia ma Central Asia, hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no nā lawelawe logistics kūpono a hilinaʻi. Me kona wahi hoʻolālā a me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana, ua lilo ka ʻāina i wahi i makemake ʻia no ke kālepa a me ke kālepa. Eia kekahi mau mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai e pili ana i nā koho logistic o Turkmenistan: 1. Nā awa: He nui nā awa o Turkmenistan e maʻalahi i ke kālepa honua. ʻO ke awa ʻo Turkmenbashi ke awa nui loa ma ka ʻāina a lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he ʻīpuka i ke kai Caspian. Hāʻawi ia i ka pilina i nā ʻāina like ʻole e like me Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan, a me Azerbaijan. 2. Nā kahua mokulele: ʻO Ashgabat International Airport ka ʻīpuka honua mua i Turkmenistan. Mālama ia i nā mokulele ukana a me nā mokulele me nā mokulele nui e lawelawe ana i nā lawelawe i hoʻonohonoho mau ʻia. Hoʻopili kēia kahua mokulele iā Turkmenistan me nā kūlanakauhale ma ʻEulopa, Asia, a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. 3. Pūnaehana alanui: Hāʻawi ʻo Turkmenistan i kahi ʻupena alanui ākea e hoʻopili ai i nā kūlanakauhale nui i loko o ka ʻāina a me nā ʻāina kokoke e like me Uzbekistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā alaloa i mālama maikaʻi ʻia e hoʻolilo i ka halihali ʻāina i kahi koho kūpono no ka neʻe ʻana o ka ukana. 4. Kaʻaahi: He ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi i kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻāina e pili ana me nā ʻāina pili e like me Iran, Afghanistan/Russia (ma Uzbekistan), Kazakhstan/Tajikistan (ma Uzbekistan). Hoʻoikaika ka ʻoihana kaʻaahi i ka neʻe pono ʻana o nā waiwai i loko o Central Asia. 5. Nā ʻaelike kālepa: Ma ke ʻano o ka hana hui ʻana o ka ʻāina ma Central Asia, ua hana ikaika ka ʻāina i nā ʻaelike kālepa like ʻole me ka Eurasian Economic Union e hāʻawi ana i ka makemake i nā mākeke i loko o kēia poloka waiwai. ua hoʻoulu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana, ka hopena i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pilina ma waena o Kina, Turkmentisan, a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ma kēia ala. ʻO nā hui 6.Logistics: Ke hana nei kekahi mau hui logistic kūloko i loko o Turkmeinastan, e like me Turkmen Logistics Company, Turkmenawtology,, Adam Tumlarm, AWTO Avtobaza, a me Deniz ULUSLARARASI. ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe dute, a me nā lawelawe hoʻolaha i loko o ka ʻāina. 7. Ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono: Ua hoʻokō ʻo Turkmenistan i nā hoʻoponopono e hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna ʻoihana ʻoihana a me nā ʻōnaehana logistic. Hāʻawi ke aupuni i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻoponopono kūpono e huki ai i ka hoʻopukapuka haole ma ka ʻāpana logistics. Hoʻolaha pū ia i ka digitalization a me ka maʻalahi o nā kaʻina hana kuʻuna e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ukana. I ka hopena, hāʻawi ʻo Turkmenistan i nā koho like ʻole no nā lawelawe logistic maikaʻi me kona mau awa pili pono, nā mokulele, ka ʻupena alanui, a me nā ʻoihana kaʻaahi. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono e kōkua pū i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kūlana maikaʻi no ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka ʻoihana, pono kēia ʻike e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka palapala honua Turkmenistan i kahi kūlana Logistic.

Hōʻike kālepa koʻikoʻi

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan ma Central Asia a he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano he mākeke e kū mai ana no ka kūʻai ʻana o ka honua a me ka hoʻomohala ʻoihana. ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻāina o ka ʻāina, ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe, a me ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai e hoʻokumu i nā manawa no nā mea kūʻai aku honua e ʻimi i nā ala ʻoihana like ʻole. Eia kekahi o nā ala kūʻai kūʻai honua nui a me nā hōʻikeʻike ma Turkmenistan: 1. Nā Kaila Kūʻai Kūʻai honua: a) Kūʻai Aupuni: He ʻōnaehana kūʻai kikowaena ko Turkmenistan kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke aupuni i nā tenders no nā papahana like ʻole ma nā ʻāpana e like me ke kūkulu ʻana, ka ikehu, ka halihali, ka mahiʻai, a me ka mālama olakino. Hiki i nā hui honua ke komo i kēia mau makana ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā hui me nā ʻoihana kūloko a i ʻole ke kākau inoa pololei ʻana. b) Nā kahua kūʻai E-kūʻai: Ke hana nei ka State Commodity and Raw Materials Exchange o Turkmenistan i kahi kahua kūʻai e-procurement i kapa ʻia ʻo "Altyn Asyr," e hāʻawi ana i ke komo ʻana i nā kūʻai aku a me nā makana ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole. Hiki i nā mea kūʻai honua ke hoʻopaʻa inoa ma kēia kahua e ʻimi i nā manawa kūʻai. c) Kūkākūkā Kūleʻa: ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka pilina pololei me nā mea hoʻolako a i ʻole nā mea hoʻolaha ma o nā misionari kālepa, hui ʻoihana, a i ʻole nā hanana pūnaewele hiki ke lilo i ala kūpono e hoʻomohala ai i nā pilina ma Turkmenistan. 2. Nā Hōʻikeʻike: a) Türkmenhaly (Turkmen Carpet): Hōʻike kēia hōʻikeʻike i nā kāpeti Turkmen kaulana i ka honua i ʻike ʻia no kā lākou mau hoʻolālā paʻakikī a me ka hana lima. Hāʻawi ia i kahi kahua no nā mea kūʻai aku o ka honua e hoʻopili me nā mea hana kāpeti kūloko, nā mea hoʻolako, a me nā mea kūʻai aku. b) Türkmengaz (Turkmen Gas Congress): Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Ashgabat, ke nānā nei kēia hōʻikeʻike i ka ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea o Turkemnistan. Hāʻawi ia i nā manawa no nā hui honua e pili ana i ka ʻimi ʻana a me nā ʻenehana hana, ka hana ʻana i nā lako, nā lawelawe kūkulu pipeline etc., e hui pū me nā mea kuleana kūloko. c) TAZE AWAZ - Nā Leo Hou: ʻO kēia ʻahaʻaina hana noʻeau i mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki e huki ana i ka poʻe hoihoi no ke ao holoʻokoʻa e ʻimi nei i nā hana kiʻi kūʻokoʻa i hana ʻia e nā mea pena akamai mai Turkemnistan. Hiki i nā mea kūʻai honua ke ʻimi i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana kiʻi kumu a hui pū me nā mea pena kiʻi kūloko no ka hui pū ʻana. d) TAPI (Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline) Summit: Hōʻike kēia hanana i nā hanana e pili ana i ka papahana pipeline TAPI, e manaʻo ana e lawe i ke kinoea maoli mai Turkmenistan a hiki i Afghanistan, Pakistan, a me India. Hiki i nā hui honua e pili ana i ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻenekinia, a me nā lawelawe pili i kēia hui e ʻimi i nā manawa ʻoihana e kū mai ana mai kēia mega-project. He mau hiʻohiʻona wale nō kēia o nā kaila kūʻai kūʻai honua koʻikoʻi a me nā hōʻikeʻike ma Turkmenistan. Hoʻokipa ke aupuni o ka ʻāina i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā ʻē aʻe a ke ʻimi ikaika nei i ka hui pū ʻana me nā ʻoihana honua ma nā ʻāpana he nui. No laila, he mea nui i ka poʻe kūʻai honua e noho hou i nā hanana kālepa kūpono a hoʻolilo i ka manawa i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pilina me nā mea kuleana kūloko no nā ʻoihana ʻoihana kūleʻa ma Turkemnistan.

Nā mīkini huli maʻamau

Ma Turkmenistan, ʻo nā ʻenekini huli kaulana i hoʻohana ʻia e ka poʻe: 1. Google: ʻO Google ka ʻenekini huli nui loa a puni ka honua a kaulana hoʻi ma Turkmenistan. Hāʻawi ia i nā hopena hulina piha a me nā lawelawe like ʻole e like me ka leka uila, nā palapala ʻāina, a me ka unuhi. ʻO ka helu wahi pūnaewele no Google ʻo www.google.com. 2. Yandex: ʻO Yandex kahi ʻenekini ʻimi Lūkini e hāʻawi pū ana i nā lawelawe ma Turkmenistan. Hāʻawi ia i nā hopena hulina kūloko a loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona e like me nā kiʻi, wikiō, nūhou, a me nā palapala ʻāina. ʻO ka helu wahi pūnaewele no Yandex www.yandex.com. 3. Bing: He ʻenekini huli ʻo Bing i hoʻomohala ʻia e Microsoft e hāʻawi ana i kahi manaʻo ʻokoʻa i nā hopena hulina i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā paepae ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi ia i nā huli kiʻi a me nā wikiō a me nā nūhou hou ma o kāna ʻaoʻao homepage. ʻO ka helu wahi pūnaewele no Bing ʻo www.bing.com. 4. Mail.ru: ʻAʻole hāʻawi wale ʻo Mail.ru i nā lawelawe leka uila akā hoʻokomo pū kekahi i kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻimi ikaika e like me nā kahua ʻē aʻe i haʻi mua ʻia-e hōʻike ana i nā hoʻolaha contextualized i ka wā o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāna mau huahana manuahi e like me nā pahu leta a i ʻole nā ʻoihana pūnaewele (e like me Odnoklassniki). ʻO ka helu wahi pūnaewele no Mail.ru www.mail.ru. 5 Rambler: He kahua pūnaewele ʻo Rambler e hāʻawi ana i nā koho ʻike like ʻole e like me ka nūhou, nā wikiō, nā pāʻani, ka lawelawe leka uila ʻoiai e hana ana ma ke ʻano he papa kuhikuhi pūnaewele me kāna Huli Rambler ponoʻī i hoʻonoho ʻia ma www.rambler.ru/search/. 6 Sputnik: ʻO ka Huli Sputnik e kālele nui ana i nā paena ʻōlelo Lūkini akā ʻae nō naʻe i ka huli ʻana i loko o nā kumuwaiwai honua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo ma nā ʻōlelo like ʻole me ka ʻōlelo Pelekania a i ʻole Turkmen inā pono i loko o ka paepae like i hiki ke loaʻa ma sputniknews.com/search/. Pono e ʻike ʻia ʻo kēia kekahi o nā ʻenekini huli maʻamau ma Turkmenistan; eia naʻe, noho mana nui ʻo Google ma waena o nā mea hoʻohana ma muli o kāna ʻano nui o nā lawelawe a me nā mana ma nā ʻōlelo he nui.

Nā ʻaoʻao melemele nui

Ma Turkmenistan, aia nā ʻaoʻao melemele nui i nā pūnaewele like ʻole a me nā papa kuhikuhi i hiki ke kiʻi ʻia no nā papa inoa ʻoihana, ʻike pili, a me nā lawelawe ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi o nā ʻaoʻao melemele mua ma Turkmenistan me kā lākou pūnaewele: 1. Nā ʻaoʻao Yellow Turkmenistan - He papa kuhikuhi piha e hāʻawi ana i kahi ākea o nā papa inoa ʻoihana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā ʻāpana. Paena pūnaewele: www.yellowpages.tm 2. Alakaʻi Pāʻoihana - He paepae e hōʻike ana i nā ʻoihana ma waena o nā ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ka mahiʻai, ke kūkulu hale, ke kūʻai aku, a me nā mea hou aku. Paena pūnaewele: www.business.gov.tm 3. InfoTurkmen - He papa kuhikuhi pāʻoihana pūnaewele e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hui e hana ana ma Turkmenistan ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Paena pūnaewele: www.infoturkmen.com 4. TradeTurkmen - He punaewele i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā manawa kālepa i loko o Turkmenistan a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻoihana ma ka ʻāina a me ka honua. Paena pūnaewele: www.tradeturkmen.com 5. Papa kuhikuhi Pāʻoihana International - Hāʻawi i kahi papa kuhikuhi o nā ʻoihana e hana ana i ke kālepa honua me ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻoihana a puni ka honua. Paena pūnaewele: www.international-business-directory.com/turkmenistan/ He mau kumuwaiwai kēia mau ʻaoʻao melemele no nā poʻe a i ʻole hui e ʻimi ana i nā lawelawe kikoʻī a i ʻole e ʻimi ana e hoʻokumu i nā pilina ʻoihana ma Turkmentistan. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he ʻokoʻa paha ka loaʻa a me ka hiki ʻana o kēia mau kumuwaiwai i ka manawa ma muli o nā loli i nā paepae pūnaewele a i ʻole nā hoʻoponopono ʻāina e pili ana i ka ʻike pūnaewele. No laila, ʻōlelo ʻia e hōʻoia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka hilinaʻi o nā pūnaewele ma mua o ka hilinaʻi wale ʻana i kā lākou ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia.

Nā papahana kālepa nui

ʻO Turkmenistan, kahi ʻāina ma Central Asia, ke kaena nei i kahi ʻoihana e-commerce e ulu nei. ʻOiai ua kaupalena ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻāina i ka pūnaewele i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kekahi mau lāhui ʻē aʻe, aia nō kekahi mau pūnaewele e-commerce kaulana e hana nei ma Turkmenistan. Eia kekahi o nā mea nui me kā lākou mau URL pūnaewele ponoʻī: 1. Mākeke Kūʻai Kūʻē ʻo Silk Road (www.silkroadonline.com.tm): He kahua e-commerce koʻikoʻi ma Turkmenistan, hāʻawi ʻo Silk Road Online Market i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe like ʻole mai ka uila a me nā lole a hiki i nā lako hale a me nā mea kūʻai. Hāʻawi ia i kahi ʻike kūʻai pūnaewele maʻalahi no nā mea kūʻai aku Turkmen. 2. YerKez (www.yerkez.com): ʻO YerKez kekahi papahana e-commerce kaulana ma Turkmenistan e kālele ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku kūloko me nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka ʻāina. Hāʻawi ia i kahi ākea o nā huahana e like me nā mea hana, nā mea uila, nā mea hale, a me nā mea hou aku. 3. ʻO Taze Ay - Gara Gözel (www.garagozel.tm): ʻO Taze Ay - ʻO Gara Gözel kahi kahua kūʻai pūnaewele kūikawā i ke kūʻai ʻana aku i nā lole a me nā mea hana lima Turkmen. Kākoʻo kēia kahua i nā mea hana lima kūloko ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana iā lākou i kahi ala e kūʻai aku ai i kā lākou huahana hana lima kūikawā ma ka honua. 4. TM Trade Center (www.tmtradecenter.com): Hoʻohana ʻo TM Trade Center ma ke ʻano he kahua pāʻoihana-i-ʻoihana (B2B) e-commerce ma Turkmenistan, e hoʻolako nui ana i nā mea kūʻai nui a me nā mea hoʻolaha e ʻimi ana i nā manawa kālepa i loko o ka ʻāina. 5. OpenMarket.tm (www.openmarket.tm): Hana ʻo OpenMarket.tm ma ke ʻano he mākeke pūnaewele kahi e hiki ai i nā ʻoihana ke hāʻawi pololei i kā lākou huahana a lawelawe paha i nā mea kūʻai aku ma waena o Turkmenistan. Hōʻike ia i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka fashion, electronics, puke, nā huahana nani, etc. E ʻoluʻolu, ʻoiai he mau mea pāʻani nui kēia mau kahua i loko o ka ʻoihana e-commerce o Turkmenitan i kēia manawa; ma muli naʻe o nā hanana a i ʻole nā hoʻololi e hiki mai ana he mea naʻauao ke hoʻomau hou ʻia ma o nā kumuwaiwai kūloko ke ʻimi nei i nā manawa e-commerce ma kēia ʻāina.

ʻO nā pūnaewele media nui

Ma Turkmenistan, e like me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ka poʻe i nā ʻano pūnaewele media like ʻole e hoʻopili a kamaʻilio me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi o nā pūnaewele puni honua kaulana ma Turkmenistan: 1. Odnoklassniki: ʻO kēia kahi pūnaewele kaiaulu kaulana i hoʻohana ʻia ma Turkmenistan. Hāʻawi ia i nā mea hoʻohana e launa hou me nā hoa papa kahiko a me nā hoaaloha, kaʻana like i nā kiʻi a me nā mea hou, hui pū i nā hui, a pāʻani i nā pāʻani. Pūnaewele: https://www.odnoklassniki.ru/ 2. Facebook: ʻOiai ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia e ke aupuni, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Facebook ma Turkmenistan no ka pili ʻana me ka ʻohana a me nā hoaaloha mai ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke kaʻana like i nā pou, nā kiʻi/wikiō, hui pū i nā hui/ʻaoʻao, a komo i nā kūkākūkā. Paena pūnaewele: https://www.facebook.com/ 3. Instagram: He kahua kaʻana like kiʻi ʻo Instagram i kaulana i ka honua holoʻokoʻa me Turkmenistan. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻouka i nā kiʻi/wikiō, hahai i nā moʻolelo o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, e like/manaʻo i nā pou, a e hoʻohana i nā kānana like ʻole no ka hoʻonui ʻana i kā lākou mau kiʻi. Paena pūnaewele: https://www.instagram.com/ 4.Twitter: ʻO Twitter kahi pūnaewele microblogging e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻouna i nā leka pōkole i kapa ʻia ʻo tweets hiki ke hoʻokomo i ka kikokikona a i ʻole ka ʻike multimedia. //twitter.com/ 5. Telegram: Telegram he polokalamu leka uila e hāʻawi wikiwiki, maʻalahi, a paʻa i ka leka uila. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻouna i nā memo, nā leo / wikiō, a me nā leo / wikiō kelepona. nā memo, kaʻana like ʻana i nā faila, a me nā mea hou aʻe. Hoʻohana pū nā Podcasts, blogs, mass media outlets i nā ala Telegram ma ke ʻano he kahua no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike. Pūnaewele: https://telegram.org/ 6.Vkontakte(VK): ʻO kekahi pūnaewele puni honua ʻē aʻe ma Rusia, ʻo Vkontakte(VK) ka mea i kaulana i waena o nā mea hoʻohana Turkmenistani. ʻAe ka pūnaewele i nā mea hoʻohana e ʻimi i nā hoaaloha, hahai i nā pilikino kaulana, nā hui mele/pāʻani, nā hana aloha, a me nā mea hou aku. hiki ke hoʻololi i nā memo, kaʻana like i nā kiʻi/wikiō, a hui pū me nā kaiāulu.Website:http://www.vk.com/ E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo i ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paepae media ma Turkmenistan e pili ana i nā hoʻoponopono aupuni a me nā kapu. No laila, ʻokoʻa paha ka loaʻa a me ka hana o kēia mau platform. Eia kekahi, pono e noʻonoʻo i ka palekana pūnaewele a me ka pilikino i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia mau kahua.

ʻO nā hui ʻoihana nui

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan ma ʻĀkia Waena. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻokele waiwai like ʻole, me nā ʻoihana like ʻole e hāʻawi i kona hoʻomohala ʻana. Eia kekahi o nā hui ʻoihana nui ma Turkmenistan: 1. Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Turkmenistan (UIET): Hōʻike kēia hui i nā pono o nā ʻoihana ʻoihana, nā ʻoihana, a me nā mea nona nā ʻoihana ma Turkmenistan. ʻO kā lākou pūnaewele: www.tpp-tm.org 2. Chamber of Commerce and Industry: Hoʻolaha ka Chamber i ke kālepa, hoʻopukapuka kālā, a me ka launa pū ʻana o ka ʻoihana ma loko o Turkmenistan a ma waho. Kākoʻo ia i nā ʻoihana ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻike, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā manawa pūnaewele, a me ka hōʻike ʻana i kā lākou makemake i nā mana kūpono. ʻO kā lākou pūnaewele: www.cci.tj 3. Nā Hui Hana Hana Mea Hana Hui Hui: Hoʻohui kēia hui i nā hui e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana, me nā mea kanu hana sima a me nā mea hoʻolako hale. 4. ʻAhahui o nā mea hana aila a me nā kinoea: Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, hōʻike kēia hui i nā mea hana aila a me ke kinoea e hana ana ma Turkmenistan. 5. ʻAhahui ʻOihana ʻIke ʻIke: Me ka manaʻo nui i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka holomua ʻenehana i loko o ka ʻāina, ua hōʻike kēia hui i nā hui IT a me nā ʻoihana e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala polokalamu, ka hana ʻenehana, nā lawelawe kelepona. 6.Automobile Industry Association : Ke kū nei kēia hui i nā mea hana kaʻa, nā mea hoʻolaha, nā mea hoʻolako, nā hale hana etc. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia mau hui i ka holomua ʻana i kā lākou ʻoihana ponoʻī ma o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā lawelawe kākoʻo e like me ke kākoʻo ʻana no ke aupuni kulekele maikaʻi, nā manawa hana pūnaewele, nā papahana hoʻomaʻamaʻa, a me ka ʻike ʻike mākeke no nā lālā. hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kēia mau pūnaewele ma ke ʻano he kumu kuhikuhi no ka ʻimi hou ʻana i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī a i ʻole nā hui e pili ana i kēlā mau mea i ʻōlelo ʻia. Loaʻa ka pōmaikaʻi inā ʻoe e nānā i kēia mau pūnaewele hui e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i kā lākou mau hana, nā hana, a me nā koi lālā.

Nā pūnaewele pāʻoihana a kālepa

He ʻāina ʻo Turkmenistan ma Central Asia, kaulana i kona waiwai kūlohelohe a me ka hoʻokele waiwai. Aia ma lalo iho kekahi o nā pūnaewele koʻikoʻi e pili ana i kāna kālepa a me ka hoʻokele waiwai: 1. Ke Kuhina o ko nā Aina ʻē o Turkmenistan: Hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele kūhelu i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā kulekele ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina, nā manawa hoʻopukapuka kālā, a me nā hoʻoponopono kālepa. Paena pūnaewele: https://mfa.gov.tm/en/ 2. Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (UIET) o Turkmenistan: Hōʻike kēia hui i nā pono o nā ʻoihana kūloko a hāpai i ka ulu waiwai ma o nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Paena pūnaewele: http://tstb.gov.tm/ 3. National Institute for Standardization and Metrology (NISM): Hōʻoia ʻo NISM i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka mana maikaʻi ma nā ʻoihana Turkmenistan ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lula ʻenehana. Paena pūnaewele: http://www.turkmenstandartlary.gov.tm/en 4. State Service for Protection, Control over Export Import Operations & Customs Clearance (CUSTOMS): Na CUSTOMS ke kuleana no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kālepa honua ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kaʻina hana kuʻuna. Paena pūnaewele: http://customs.gov.tm/en/ 5. Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) o Turkmenistan: Kākoʻo kēia hui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana, hoʻoikaika i ka launa pū ʻana me nā hui honua, a hāʻawi i ka ʻike mākeke pono. Paena pūnaewele: https://cci.gov.tm/ 6. Moku'āina Commodity Exchange "TURKMENISTAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE" (Turkmen Konuň Önümçilikleri Beýleki Gossaglyla Girýän Ederji Ýereşdirmesi): ʻO ka hoʻololi kūʻai kūʻai'āina e hiki ai ke kālepa i nā waiwai likeʻole me nā huahana aila, textiles, hua mahiʻai, etc. Paena pūnaewele: http://www.tme.org.tm/eng 7.Turkmen Investment Agency - ʻO ke aupuni i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka huki ʻana i nā hoʻopukapuka pololei o nā haole i Turkemnistan: punaewele:http://:investturkmerm.com Hāʻawi kēia mau pūnaewele iā ʻoe i ka ʻike piha e pili ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Turkmenistan, nā hoʻoponopono kālepa, nā manawa hoʻopukapuka, a me nā kumuhana pili ʻē aʻe.

Nā pūnaewele nīnau ʻikepili kālepa

Aia kekahi mau pūnaewele noiʻi ʻikepili kālepa i loaʻa no Turkmenistan. Eia ka papa inoa o kekahi o lākou me kā lākou mau URL pūnaewele. 1. Eurostat - Hāʻawi ʻo Eurostat i ka ʻikepili helu e pili ana i ke kālepa o waho no ka European Union a me nā ʻāina pākahi, me Turkmenistan. HKH: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/international-trade-in-goods/data/main-tables 2. Palapala Kalepa - Hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele i nā ʻikepili kalepa a me ka ʻike e komo ai i ka mākeke no nā ʻāina like ʻole, me Turkmenistan. HKH: https://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProduct.aspx?nvpm=1|||||186||exports&grf_code=8545 3. World Bank WITS (World Integrated Trade Solution) - Hāʻawi ʻo WITS i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻikepili kālepa kalepa honua, ka uku, a me nā ana uku ʻole (NTM). HKH: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/country/TMK/startyear/2000/endyear/2019/tradeflow/Imports-and-Exports/reporter/all/partner/all/product/home 4. United Nations COMTRADE Database - Hāʻawi ka Commodity Trade Statistics Database i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī o ka lawe ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana aku ma ka ʻāina a me ka ʻāpana huahana. HKH: https://comtrade.un.org/data/ 5. CIA World Factbook - Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻike ʻāina ākea, ke hāʻawi pū nei ka CIA World Factbook i kekahi mau ʻikepili pili kālepa koʻikoʻi no Turkmenistan. HKH: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/turkmenistan/#economy E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo i ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau ʻikepili a i ʻole ka ʻike e koi ai i ka lālā a i ʻole ka uku i kekahi mau hihia. Manaʻo ʻia e ʻimi i kēia mau pūnaewele e ʻike i ka ʻikepili kālepa kikoʻī āu e ʻimi nei e pili ana iā Turkmenistan.

Nā paepae B2b

ʻO Turkmenistan, kahi ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia Waena, he mau kahua B2B e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hana ʻoihana-i-ʻoihana. Hāʻawi kēia mau kahua i nā manawa no nā ʻoihana e hoʻopili, kālepa, a hui pū kekahi me kekahi. Eia kekahi mau kahua B2B ma Turkmenistan me kā lākou mau URL pūnaewele. 1. Pāʻoihana Turkmen: Ke manaʻo nei kēia kahua e hoʻolaha i nā manawa ʻoihana ma Turkmenistan ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea hoʻolako kūloko a me nā mea kūʻai aku me nā mea kūʻai aku o ka honua. Paena pūnaewele: www.turkmenbusiness.org 2. Central Asia Trade Center (CATC): ʻO CATC kahi mākeke pūnaewele e hiki ai i nā ʻoihana ke kūʻai aku i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe i loko o Turkmenistan a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o Central Asia. Paena pūnaewele: www.catc.asia 3. AlemSapar: Hāʻawi ʻo AlemSapar i kahi mākeke kikohoʻe kahi e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻolako ke hōʻike i kā lākou huahana a hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke ʻimi a loaʻa nā waiwai like ʻole mai Turkmenistan. Paena pūnaewele: www.alemsapar.com 4. MarketTurkmenistan: Ke kōkua nei kēia paepae i nā ʻoihana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoa no nā ʻoihana hui, nā lawelawe outsourcing, ka hoʻololi ʻenehana, nā papahana hoʻopukapuka, a me nā mea hou aku ma ka mākeke o Turkmenistan. Paena pūnaewele: www.market-turkmen.biz 5.Hi-Tm-Biznes (Hi-TM-Business): Hāʻawi ʻo Hi-TM-Biznes i kahua no ka poʻe ʻoihana a me ka poʻe ʻoihana e launa pū me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hui ʻoihana kūpono i loko o ka ʻāina ʻo Turkemnistan. Paena pūnaewele: http://www.hi-tm-biznes.gov.tm/ Hāʻawi kēia mau kahua B2B i ka uhi ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ka mahiʻai, textiles, nā lako hana, nā mīkini a me nā lawelawe hoʻolimalima ʻoiai e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i ka kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā mea hana home / mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku / nā mea hoʻopukapuka honua. E ʻoluʻolu e ʻokoʻa ka loaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka maikaʻi o kēia mau kahua i ka manawa; No laila, pono e hana i ka noiʻi a i ʻole e nīnau i nā kumuwaiwai kūloko no ka ʻike hou ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi kahua B2B kikoʻī ma Turkmenitan.