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Iimarike eziphambili
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Ilizwe jikelele
I-United States of America, eyaziwa njenge-United States okanye iMelika, lilizwe elikuMntla Melika. Iqulathe amazwe angama-50, isithili somdibaniso, imimandla emihlanu emikhulu engabandakanywanga, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo. I-United States lilizwe lesithathu ngobukhulu kwihlabathi ngokwendawo iyonke, kwaye yabelana ngemida yomhlaba neCanada ukuya emantla kunye neMexico kumazantsi ayo. IUnited States inabemi abahlukahlukeneyo, enabemi abaninzi nabakhulayo abasuka kwamanye amazwe. Uqoqosho lwayo lolona lukhulu kwihlabathi, kunye necandelo lemizi-mveliso eliphuhlileyo kunye nemveliso ebalulekileyo yezolimo. Ilizwe likwayinkokeli yehlabathi kwezobuchwepheshe, isayensi kunye nenkcubeko. Urhulumente waseUnited States yiriphabliki yomdibaniso, enamasebe amathathu ahlukeneyo karhulumente: isigqeba, esowiso-mthetho, kunye nenkundla. Umongameli uyintloko yelizwe kunye norhulumente, kwaye iCongress inezindlu ezimbini: i-Senate kunye neNdlu yabaMeli. Isebe lezomthetho likhokelwa yiNkundla ePhakamileyo. I-United States inomkhosi owomeleleyo ngaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye idlala indima ephambili kwimicimbi yehlabathi. Lilungu lemibutho emininzi yamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka iZizwe eziManyeneyo, iNATO, kunye neWorld Trade Organisation. Ngokwenkcubeko, iUnited States yaziwa ngokwahluka kwayo kunye nokuvuleleka. Likhaya kwiintlanga, iinkonzo neelwimi ezahlukeneyo. Inkcubeko yaseMelika ikwanempembelelo enkulu kwinkcubeko edumileyo yehlabathi, ngakumbi kwimimandla efana nefilimu, umculo, umabonwakude, kunye nefashoni.
Imali yeSizwe
Imali esemthethweni yaseMelika yidola yaseMelika (uphawu: $). Idola yahlulwe yaziiyunithi ezincinci ezili-100 ezibizwa ngokuba ziisenti. I-Federal Reserve, ibhanki ephakathi yaseUnited States, inoxanduva lokukhutshwa kunye nokulawulwa kwemali. Imali yase-United States itshintshile ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa idola ibe yimali esemthethweni ukusukela ekusekweni kwelizwe. Imali yokuqala yase-US yayililizwekazi, elaziswa ngo-1775 ngexesha leMfazwe yeNguquko. Yatshintshwa ngo-1785 yidola yaseMelika, eyayisekelwe kwidola yaseSpain. I-Federal Reserve System yasungulwa ngo-1913, kwaye inoxanduva lokukhutshwa kunye nokulawulwa kwemali ukususela ngoko. Imali iye yashicilelwa yi-Bureau of Engraving and Printing ukususela ngo-1862. Idola yaseMelika yeyona mali isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiintengiselwano zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ikwayeyona mali iphambili yokugcina imali kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Idola yenye yeemali eziphambili kwihlabathi kwaye isetyenziswa kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ezemali notyalo-mali.
Imali yokutshintsha
Ngexesha lokubhalwa, ireyithi yokutshintshiselana ngedola yaseMelika kwezinye iimali ezinkulu yile ilandelayo: Idola yaseMelika ukuya kwiEuro: 0.85 Idola yaseMelika ukuya kwiponti yaseBritane: 0.68 Idola yaseMelika ukuya kwiYuan yaseTshayina: 6.35 Idola yaseMelika ukuya kwiYen yaseJapan: 110 Qaphela ukuba amaxabiso otshintshiselwano anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lemini, iimeko zoqoqosho, kunye neemeko zemarike. Kubalulekile ukujonga iireyithi zotshintshiselwano zamva nje phambi kokuba wenze naziphi na iintengiselwano zemali.
Iiholide ezibalulekileyo
IUnited States ineqela leeholide ezibalulekileyo ezibhiyozelwa unyaka wonke. Ezinye zeeholide ezaziwa kakhulu ziquka: Usuku lweNkululeko (ngoJulayi 4): Le holide ibhiyozela iSibhengezo seNkululeko, kwaye iphawulwa ngeziqhushumbisi, imingcelele kunye neminye imibhiyozo. Usuku lwaBasebenzi (ngoMvulo wokuQala ngoSeptemba): Le holide ibhiyozela amalungelo abasebenzi kunye nabasebenzi, kwaye idla ngokuphawulwa ngamagqabantshintshi kunye neziganeko zoluntu. Ukubulela (ngoLwesine weSine ngoNovemba): Le holide ibhiyozelwa kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo, kwaye iyaziwa ngomthendeleko wayo wendabuko we-turkey, ukugxila, kunye nezinye izitya. IKrismesi (ngoDisemba 25): Le holide iphawula ukuzalwa kukaYesu Kristu, yaye ibhiyozelwa ngentsapho, ngezipho nangezinye izithethe. Ukongeza kwezi holide zaziwayo, kukho neeholide ezininzi zaseburhulumenteni nezendawo ezibhiyozelwa unyaka wonke. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imihla yezinye iiholide inokwahluka unyaka nonyaka, kwaye ezinye iiholide zinokuba namagama ahlukeneyo kumazwe okanye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Imeko yoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
I-United States inomlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokurhweba namanye amazwe. Eli lizwe lelona lizwe lithumela impahla ngaphandle kunye nelithumela kwamanye amazwe likhulu ehlabathini, kwaye amaqabane alo ezorhwebo aquka amazwe aphuhlileyo nasakhasayo. Awona mahlakani athumela ngaphandle eMelika aquka iCanada, iMexico, iChina, iJapan, kunye neEuropean Union. I-United States ithumela ngaphandle uluhlu olubanzi lweempahla kunye neenkonzo, kubandakanya oomatshini, iinxalenye zenqwelomoya, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nesoftware yekhompyuter. Awona mahlakani makhulu eMelika abandakanya iTshayina, iMexico, iCanada, iJapan, kunye neJamani. IUnited States ithenga kumazwe angaphandle uluhlu olubanzi lweempahla kunye neenkonzo, kubandakanywa abathengi bombane, iimpahla, intsimbi, kunye neoli ekrwada. I-United States ikwanezivumelwano zokurhweba phakathi kwamazwe amabini namazwe amaninzi, anjengeSivumelwano soRhwebo oluKhululwa kuMntla Merika (i-NAFTA) ne-Canada ne-Mexico, kunye neSivumelwano soRhwebo olungaHlumayo lwase-Korea-US (i-KORUS). Ezi zivumelwano zijolise ekunciphiseni amaxabiso kunye neminye imiqobo yorhwebo phakathi kweMelika kunye namanye amazwe. Lilonke, ubudlelwane bezorhwebo be-United States namanye amazwe buntsonkothile kwaye bahlukene, kwaye budlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwelizwe.
Uphuhliso lweMakethi olunokubakho
Amandla ophuhliso lwemarike eUnited States abalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala, i-US inobungakanani bemarike enkulu, iyenza ibe yindawo enomtsalane kumashishini angaphandle. Uqoqosho lwase-US lolona lukhulu ehlabathini, lubonelela ngamathuba awoneleyo kwiinkampani ukuba zithengise iimveliso kunye neenkonzo zazo. Okwesibini, i-US inezinga eliphezulu lemfuno yabathengi, eliqhutywa yiklasi ephakathi elomeleleyo kunye nengeniso ephezulu. Abathengi base-US baziwa ngamandla abo okuthenga kunye nokuzimisela ukuzama iimveliso kunye neenkonzo ezintsha, ezikhuthaza ukutsha kunye nokukhula kwemarike. Okwesithathu, i-US ikhokela kubuchule obutsha betekhnoloji, iyenza ibe yeyona ndawo iphambili kwiinkampani ezikwicandelo letekhnoloji. I-US likhaya kwiinkampani ezininzi eziphambili zetekhnoloji zehlabathi kwaye inenkcubeko yokuqalisa ekhulayo, ibonelela ngamashishini amakhulu namancinci ngamathuba okusungula nokukhula. Okwesine, i-US inendawo yomthetho ezinzileyo kunye neyolawulo, ibonelela ngamashishini angaphandle ngesikhokelo esiqikelelwayo nesiselubala sotyalo-mali kunye nokwenza ishishini. Ngelixa kukho imingeni evezwa zizivumelwano zorhwebo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxabiso, ukuzinza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo yezomthetho yase-US kuyenza ibe yindawo enomtsalane kutyalo-mali lwangaphandle. Okokugqibela, i-US ikufuphi ngokwejografi kumazwe amaninzi, iququzelela urhwebo olulula kunye norhwebo. Ukusondela kwe-US kwiLatin America, iYurophu, kunye neAsia kuyenza ibe yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqhuba ishishini lamazwe ngamazwe ngale mimandla. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imakethi yase-US inokhuphiswano oluphezulu, kunye nokhuphiswano oluqatha oluvela kwiinkampani zasekhaya kunye neempawu ezimiselweyo. Iinkampani zangaphandle kufuneka ziphonononge ngokucokisekileyo imarike, ziqonde izinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi, kwaye zithobelane nemigaqo yasekhaya ukuze zingene ngempumelelo kwimarike yase-US. Ukusebenzisana namashishini asekhaya, ukwakha uthungelwano lwentengiso, notyalo-mali kuphawu lwentengiso nako kubalulekile kuphuhliso lwemarike e-US.
Iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike
Ngokuqinisekileyo, nazi iingcebiso zeemveliso ezithengiswa ngokushushu kwimarike yase-US: Isinxibo sefashoni: Abathengi base-US banovelwano kakhulu kwifashoni kunye nefashoni, ke iimpahla zefashoni zihlala zilukhetho oludumileyo. Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neeblogi zefashoni zihlala zikhupha iingxelo zendlela ukukhuthaza abathengi. Iimveliso zempilo kunye nempilo entle: Ngokunyuka kokuqonda kwezempilo, abathengi base-US banemfuno ekhulayo yeemveliso zempilo kunye nempilo. Ukutya okuphilayo, izixhobo zokuzilolonga, iimethi ze-yoga, njl., zonke zikhetho ezithandwayo. Iimveliso ze-IT: I-US lilizwe leteknoloji ehamba phambili, kwaye abathengi banemfuno ephezulu yeemveliso ze-IT. Ii-smartphones, iitafile, ii-smartwatches, njl., zizinto ezidumileyo. Impahla yasekhaya: Abathengi base-US bagxininisa kakhulu kumgangatho kunye nokukhululeka kobomi basekhaya, ngoko ke iimpahla zasekhaya zikwalukhetho oludumileyo. Ibhedi, izixhobo zokukhanyisa, i-kitchenware, njl., zonke zinemfuno ebalulekileyo yemarike. Izixhobo zemidlalo zangaphandle: Abathengi baseMelika bayayithanda imidlalo yangaphandle, ke izixhobo zemidlalo zangaphandle zikwalukhetho oludumileyo. Iintente, izixhobo zepikiniki, izinto zokuloba, njl., zizinto ezithandwayo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu azimi, kodwa zitshintsha ngokufunwa kwabathengi kunye neendlela. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu, kubalulekile ukuba ubeke iliso elibukhali kutshintsho lwentengiso kunye neemfuno zabathengi, ukuqonda iintsingiselo kunye nokutshintsha kwebhrendi, ukwenza izigqibo zokuthengisa ezinolwazi.
Iimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboo
Xa kuziwa kwiimpawu zobuntu kunye ne-taboos yabathengi baseMelika, kukho amanqaku aphambili ekufuneka uwaqwalasele. Iimpawu zobuntu: Ukuqonda umgangatho: Abathengi baseMelika babeka ugxininiso oluqinileyo kumgangatho wemveliso. Bakholelwa ukuba umgangatho usisiseko sexabiso lemveliso kwaye bakhetha ukukhetha iinketho ezibonelela ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo kunye nobugcisa obuhle kakhulu. Ukufuna i-Adventurous kunye ne-Novelty: Abantu baseMelika baziwa ngokuthanda kwabo ukwazi kunye nomdla kwiinoveli kunye neemveliso ezintsha. Bayakuthanda ukuzama iibrendi ezintsha kunye neminikelo, kwaye iinkampani zinokubamba ingqalelo yazo ngokusoloko zizisa iimveliso ezintsha nezinika umdla. Ukulungelelaniswa okujoliswe kuko: Abathengi baseMelika babeka phambili lula, befuna iimveliso ezenza ubomi babo bube lula kwaye zibasindise ixesha kunye nomzamo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba iinkampani zenze iimveliso ekulula ukuzisebenzisa, ezinengqondo, kwaye zilungele ukupakishwa kunye nokusebenza. Ugxininiso kumntu ngamnye: Abantu baseMelika baxabisa ukuvakalisa ubuni babo obukhethekileyo, kwaye balindele ukuba iimveliso zibonakalise ubuntu babo. Iinkampani zinokuhlangabezana nale mfuno ngokunika iinketho ezenzelwe wena okanye ezenzelwe abathengi ezivumela abathengi ukuba baveze umahluko wabo. IiTabo onokuziphepha: Musa ukubujongela phantsi ubukrelekrele bomthengi: abathengi baseMelika bakrelekrele kwaye banokuqonda ngokubanzi, kwaye abakhohliswa lula zizibhengezo zobuxoki okanye amabango abaxwayo. Iinkampani kufuneka zibonise ulwazi oluthembekileyo noluselubala malunga neenzuzo zemveliso kunye nayo nayiphi na imida. Musa ukuyihoya impendulo yabathengi: Abantu baseMelika babeka ukubaluleka okuphezulu kumava abo kwaye bayathetha ngolwaneliseko okanye ukunganeliseki kwabo. Iinkampani kufuneka ziphendule kwiingxelo zabathengi, zijongane neenkxalabo ngokukhawuleza kwaye zithathe amanyathelo okuphucula ukwaneliseka. Hlonipha ubumfihlo babathengi: Abathengi baseMelika banemvakalelo enamandla yobumfihlo, kwaye iinkampani kufuneka zilihlonele ilungelo labo lokuba neemfihlo ngokungaqokeleli, ukusebenzisa, okanye ukuxela ulwazi lobuqu ngokugqithisileyo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo. Thobela imimiselo yase-US: Kubalulekile ukuba iinkampani ziziqhelanise kwaye zithobele imithetho nemimiselo yasekhaya xa zingena kwimarike yase-US. Ukwaphula nayiphi na imithetho okanye imimiselo kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo enzulu yomthetho kunye nezohlwayo zemali.
Inkqubo yolawulo lweCustoms
Inkonzo yeCustoms yase-US, ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yi-U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), inoxanduva lokunyanzelisa imithetho nemigaqo elawula ukungenisa elizweni eMelika. Iqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko lwelizwe ngokuhlola iimpahla ezingenayo, ukuthintela ukungena kwezinto ezingekho mthethweni okanye ezinobungozi, kunye nokuqokelela imisebenzi kunye neerhafu kwimpahla evela kumazwe angaphandle. Nantsi eminye imiba ephambili yenkqubo yesithethe yase-US: Isibhengezo kunye nokuFayiliswa: Impahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kufuneka ibhengezwe kwi-U.S. Customs ngaphambi kokuba ifike. Oku kwenziwa ngenkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba "kukufayila i-manifest," ebandakanya ukunika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nempahla, imvelaphi yazo, ixabiso, ukuhlelwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuyo e-United States. Ukuhlelwa: Ukuhlelwa okuchanekileyo kweempahla kubalulekile ekumiseni imisebenzi, iirhafu, kunye nezinye iintlawulo ezinokusebenza. I-Customs yase-US isebenzisa iShedyuli yeRhafu eHarmonized yase-United States (HTSUS) ukuhlela iimpahla ngokusekelwe kwinkcazo yazo, ukubunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokusetyenziswa. Imirhumo kunye neeRhafu: Impahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle ixhomekeke kwimirhumo, imirhumo erhafiswa kwimpahla engeniswe eMelika. Isixa semisebenzi sixhomekeke kuhlelo lweempahla, ixabiso lazo, kunye naluphi na ukhululo olusebenzayo okanye ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo phantsi kwezivumelwano zorhwebo. Ukongeza, kusenokubakho iirhafu ezibekwe kwizinto ezithile ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle, njengerhafu yokuthengisa okanye irhafu yentengo. Ukuhlola kunye nokuCoca: I-U.S. Customs ihlola iimpahla ezingenayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela kwazo imimiselo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba azikho ingozi kwimpilo yoluntu, ukhuseleko, okanye intlalontle. Olu hlolo lungabandakanya ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kwempahla, isampuli, uvavanyo, okanye uphononongo lwamaxwebhu. Emva kokuba zisusiwe, iimpahla ziyakhululwa ukuze zingene eUnited States. Unyanzeliso kunye nokuThotyelwa: I-U.S. Customs inegunya lokunyanzelisa imithetho nemimiselo yorhwebo yase-US, kubandakanywa ukuqhuba uhlolo, uphicotho-zincwadi, ukuthinjwa kwezinto ezisuka kwamanye amazwe ngokungekho mthethweni, kunye nokuwisa izohlwayo kubarhwebi abaphuma ngaphandle okanye abathumela ngaphandle abaphula umthetho. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba inkqubo ye-US yecustom ixhomekeke kutshintsho rhoqo kunye nohlaziyo olusekwe kwizivumelwano zorhwebo zamazwe ngamazwe, imithetho yasekhaya, kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwezinto eziphambili. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba abarhwebi kunye nabathumela ngaphandle bahlale besazi ngemigaqo yamva nje kwaye babonisane neengcaphephe zezithethe okanye umthengisi wempahla ephumayo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthobela iimfuno zezithethe zase-US.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu
Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokungenisa elizweni yase-United States uyilelwe ukukhusela imizi-mveliso yasekhaya nokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho ngokuhlawulisa irhafu kwizinto ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle. Ezi rhafu, ezaziwa ngokuba yimirhumo yokungenisa elizweni, zisetyenziswa kwiimpahla ezingena eMelika kwaye zisekelwe kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka uhlobo lweempahla, ixabiso lazo, kunye nelizwe lemvelaphi. Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa elizweni wase-US usekwe ngendibaniselwano yezivumelwano zorhwebo zamazwe ngamazwe, imithetho yasekhaya kunye nemimiselo. IShedyuli yeRhafu eHarmonized yaseUnited States (HTSUS) luxwebhu olusemthethweni oludwelisa amaxabiso erhafu asetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zempahla evela kumazwe angaphandle. Isetyenziswa yi-U.S. Customs kunye noKhuseleko lweBorder (CBP) ukumisela imisebenzi esebenzayo kwinto nganye engenisiweyo. Amaxabiso erhafu yokungenisa elizweni ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimpahla nakwilizwe lemveli. Ezinye iimpahla zinokuba phantsi kwemisebenzi ephezulu ukuba zithathwa ngokuba zikhuphisana nemveliso yasekhaya okanye ukuba kukho iinkxalabo zokhuseleko lwelizwe. Ukongeza, izivumelwano ezithile zorhwebo phakathi kwe-United States kunye namanye amazwe zinokubonelela ngeentlawulo ezincitshisiweyo okanye eziyekiweyo kwiimpahla ezithile. Abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle banoxanduva lokuhlawula imisebenzi ekufuneka ihlawulwe kwiimpahla ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle. Bamele bafake isibhengezo se-custos kunye ne-US Customs kwaye bahlawule nayiphi na imisebenzi efunekayo ngexesha lokungenisa. Abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle banokufuneka bathobele eminye imimiselo, efana naleyo inxulumene namalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, ukhuseleko lwemveliso, okanye ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo. Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa elizweni waseMelika uyilelwe ukukhusela amashishini asekhaya nokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho. Nangona kunjalo, inokwenza imiceli mngeni kumashishini angenisa iimpahla kumazwe angaphandle, njengoko kufuneka alandele imigaqo entsonkothileyo kwaye ahlawule iirhafu kwiimveliso ezivela kumazwe angaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuba abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle baqonde imigaqo-nkqubo nemimiselo yamva nje ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunye nokunciphisa naziphi na iindleko ezinokubakho okanye ulibaziseko.
Iipolisi zerhafu ezithumela ngaphandle
Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle waseMelika uyilelwe ukukhuthaza urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye noqoqosho lwelizwe ngokubonelela ngenkuthazo kunye neenzuzo zerhafu kwabo bathumela ngaphandle. Umgaqo-nkqubo uphunyezwa ngemithetho eyahlukeneyo yerhafu kunye nemimiselo ejoliswe ekukhuthazeni amashishini ukuba athumele iimpahla kunye neenkonzo, ukwandisa ukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe, nokudala imisebenzi kunye nokukhula koqoqosho. Imiba ephambili yomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle waseMelika iquka: IiKhredithi zeRhafu yokuThunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: Amashishini athumela iimpahla okanye iinkonzo kumazwe angaphandle afanelekile ukuba afumane iikhredithi zerhafu kwiirhafu ezihlawulwa kwezo zinto zithunyelwa ngaphandle, njengerhafu yexabiso elongeziweyo (i-VAT) okanye irhafu yokuthengisa. Ezi khredithi zinciphisa izinga lerhafu elisebenzayo kwabo bathumela ngaphandle, nto leyo eyenza kube nomtsalane ngakumbi ukuthumela iimpahla ngaphandle. Unciphiso Lwezinto Ezithunyelwa Ngaphandle: Amashishini anokwenza ibango lokuxhuzulelwa iindleko ezinxulumene nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle, njengeendleko zothutho, iindleko zentengiso, kunye nemirhumo ethile yokuthumela impahla. Olu xhuzulo lwehlisa ingeniso erhafiswayo kwabo bathumela ngaphandle, oko kuthoba umthwalo wabo werhafu uwonke. Ukukhululwa kuMrhumo wokuThunyelwa ngaphandle: Ezinye iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zisuka e-United States zikhululwe kwimirhumo yokuthumela ngaphandle. Oku kukhululwa kusebenza kwiimpahla ezithathwa njengezinto zobuchule, iimveliso zezolimo, okanye izinto eziphantsi kwezivumelwano zorhwebo ezithile. Inkxaso-mali yokuThunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: Urhulumente wase-US ubonelela ngenkxaso-mali kunye neenkqubo zemboleko-mali ukuxhasa abathumeli-mpahla ngaphandle ekufumaneni inkxaso-mali yeentengiselwano zabo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Ezi nkqubo ziyilelwe ukunceda amashishini amancinci naphakathi ekufumaneni ikhredithi kunye nenkxaso-mali kwimisebenzi yawo yokuthumela ngaphandle. IziVumelwano zeRhafu: I-United States inezivumelwano zerhafu kunye namazwe amaninzi ezijolise ekuthinteleni ukurhafiswa kabini kwingeniso efunyanwa ngabemi base-US okanye amashishini kumazwe angaphandle. Ezi zivumelwano zibonelela ngonyango lwerhafu olukhethekileyo kubathengisi bangaphandle base-US kwaye zinceda ukukhuthaza urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yamazwe angaphandle yase-US uyilelwe ukukhuthaza amashishini ukuba andise imisebenzi yawo yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle, akhuthaze ukukhuphisana kumazwe ngamazwe, nokuxhasa ukukhula koqoqosho. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba abathumeli bangaphandle badibane neengcaphephe zerhafu okanye umthengisi werhafu ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nemimiselo yamva nje ukuphepha izohlwayo ezinokubakho okanye iirhafu.
Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo zokuthumela ngaphandle
Xa uthumela iimveliso eziya eMelika, kubalulekile ukuba abathumeli bangaphandle baqonde iimfuno kunye neziqinisekiso ezinokuba yimfuneko ukuze iimveliso zabo zingene kwimarike yase-US. Nazi ezinye zeemfuno eziqhelekileyo kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle: Isiqinisekiso se-FDA (uLawulo lokuTya kunye neziyobisi): Iimveliso ezilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa njengokutya, amachiza, izixhobo zonyango, okanye izinto zokuthambisa kufuneka ziqinisekiswe yi-FDA. I-FDA ifuna ukuba ezi mveliso zihambelane nemimiselo yazo yokhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuleyibhile okufanelekileyo. Isiqinisekiso se-EPA (i-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo): Iimveliso ezilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, njengezibulali-zinambuzane, iimveliso zokucoca, okanye izongezo zepetroli, zinokufuna isatifikethi se-EPA. I-EPA ifuna ukuba ezi mveliso zihlangabezane nemigangatho yazo yokhuseleko nokusebenza. Isiqinisekiso se-UL (Underwriters Laboratories): Iimveliso ezizizixhobo zombane okanye zombane zinokufuna ukuqinisekiswa yi-UL ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwazo. Isiqinisekiso se-UL siquka uvavanyo loyilo lwemveliso, imathiriyeli, kunye nolwakhiwo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko. Ukumakishwa kweCE: Ukumakishwa kweCE sisiqinisekiso esifunekayo kwiimveliso ezininzi ezithengiswa eYurophu, kubandakanya neMelika. Ukumakishwa kwe-CE kubonisa ukuba imveliso iyahambelana neemfuno zokhuseleko eziyimfuneko kunye nempilo ebekwe kwimigaqo yaseYurophu. I-DOT (iSebe lezoThutho) Imvume: Iimveliso ezilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezothutho, ezifana neendawo zemoto okanye izixhobo zenqwelomoya, zinokufuna imvume yeDOT. Ukuvunywa kweDOT kufuna ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezane nemigangatho yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza esekwe lisebe. Ukongeza kwezi ziqinisekiso kunye nolwamkelo, abathumeli bangaphandle banokufuna ukubonelela ngamanye amaxwebhu, afana neenkcukacha zemveliso, iingxelo zokuvavanya, okanye iirekhodi zokulawula umgangatho. Kubalulekile ukuba abathengisi bangaphandle basebenze ngokusondeleyo nababoneleli babo, abathengi, kunye nabacebisi abaqeqeshiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo ziyahlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zolawulo lwase-US kwaye zinokuthengiswa ngempumelelo eMelika.
Ulungiselelo lolungiselelo olucetyiswayo
FedEx SF Express IShanghai Qanya International Freight Forwarding Co., Ltd. China Post Express & Logistics IUPS DHL
Imijelo yophuhliso lwabathengi

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

Xa ababoneleli befuna ukufumana abathengi baseMelika, kukho imiboniso emikhulu emininzi e-United States abanokuthi bathathe inxaxheba kuyo. Nantsi eminye yemiboniso ehamba phambili e-United States, kunye needilesi zabo: I-Consumer Electronics Show (CES): Lo ngowona mboniso mkhulu wehlabathi wabathengi wezinto zombane, ugxile kwiimveliso zamva nje ze-elektroniki kunye nezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe. Idilesi: Las Vegas Convention Centre, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. I-National Hardware Show: Lo ngowona mboniso mkhulu weemveliso zokuphucula ikhaya eMelika. Idilesi: Las Vegas Convention Centre, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. I-International Builders' Show (IBS): Lo ngowona mboniso mkhulu woshishino lokwakha eMelika. Idilesi: Las Vegas Convention Centre, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. I-American International Toy Fair: Lo ngowona mboniso mkhulu wehlabathi. Idilesi: Jacob K. Javits Convention Centre, New York, New York, USA. Umboniso woMbutho wokutyela weSizwe: Lo ngowona mboniso mkhulu wokutya kunye nenkonzo yokutya eMelika. Idilesi: McCormick Place, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Umboniso weFenitshala yaMazwe ngaMazwe waseNtshona (IMarike yeFenitshala yaMazwe ngaMazwe): Lo ngowona mboniso mkhulu wefenitshala entshona eUnited States. Idilesi: Las Vegas Convention Centre, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. I-AAPEX Bonisa: Lo mboniso ujoliswe kwiindawo zeemoto kunye ne-marketmarket service market. Idilesi: Las Vegas Convention Centre, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Ukuya kule miboniso kuvumela ababoneleli ukuba bafikelele kubathengi abanokubakho baseMelika kunye namaqabane, ukwandisa ulwazi ngemveliso kwimarike yase-US. Kwimiboniso, ababoneleli banokubonisa iimveliso kunye neenkonzo zabo, baseke unxibelelwano kunye nabathengi abanokubakho, baqonde iimfuno zemarike kunye neendlela, kwaye bahlangabezane ngcono neemfuno zabathengi baseMelika. Ukongeza, imiboniso inika ithuba lokufunda malunga nabakhuphisanayo kunye nokutshintsha kweemarike.
UGoogle: https://www.google.com/ I-Bing: https://www.bing.com/ Yahoo! Phendla: https://search.yahoo.com/ Buza: https://www.ask.com/ I-DuckDuckGo: https://www.duckduckgo.com/ Ukukhangela kwe-AOL: https://search.aol.com/ Yandex: https://www.yandex.com/ (Nangona isetyenziswa ikakhulu eRashiya, iYandex nayo inesiseko esibalulekileyo sabasebenzisi eUnited States.)

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

UDun kunye neBradstreet: https://www.dnb.com/ IiHoovers: https://www.hoovers.com/ Ishishini.com: https://www.business.com/ Amaphepha aphezulu: https://www.superpages.com/ Manta: https://www.manta.com/ Irejista kaThomas: https://www.thomasregister.com/ ReferenceUSA: https://www.referenceusa.com/ Ezi webhusayithi zamaPhepha aMthubi zibonelela ngeqonga kubathengisi ukuba bafumane abathengi abanokubakho. Ababoneleli banokufumana ulwazi malunga namashishini ase-US kwezi webhusayithi, njengegama lenkampani, idilesi, ulwazi loqhagamshelwano, njl., ukwandisa ishishini labo. Ukongeza, ezi ndawo zibonelela ngobutyebi bedatha yeshishini kunye neengxelo ukunceda ababoneleli ukuba baqonde ngcono intengiso kunye neendlela zeshishini. Ukusebenzisa ezi webhusayithi zamaPhepha aMthubi kunokunceda ababoneleli bakhulise ukuvezwa kwabo kwaye banxibelelane nabathengi abanokubakho ukukhulisa ishishini labo.

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

IAmazon: https://www.amazon.com/ IWalmart: https://www.walmart.com/ Ebay: https://www.ebay.com/ Ijethi: https://www.jet.com/ I-Newegg: https://www.newegg.com/ Eyona nto ithengwayo: https://www.bestbuy.com/ Ithagethi: https://www.target.com/ UMacy's: https://www.macys.com/ I-Overstock: https://www.overstock.com/

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/ I-LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/ TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/ Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/ I-Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/ I-Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/ GitHub: https://www.github.com/

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

I-American Chamber of Commerce (i-AmCham): I-AmCham yintlangano yoshishino ezinikele ekukhuthazeni ukutshintshiselana kwezoshishino kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kweenkampani zaseMelika kunye namazwe ngamazwe. Banamasebe amaninzi engingqi agubungela imimandla eyahlukeneyo yoshishino. I-National Association of Manufacturers (NAM): I-NAM ngumbutho okhuthazayo omele umdla weshishini lokuvelisa laseMelika. Babonelela ngophando lwemarike, ukukhuthaza umgaqo-nkqubo, kunye neenkonzo zonxibelelwano lweshishini. I-Chamber of Commerce yase-US: Lo ngowona mbutho mkhulu wokuphembelela ishishini e-United States, ubonelela ngophando lomgaqo-nkqubo, amathuba emarike yamazwe ngamazwe, iindlela zoshishino, kunye nolunye ulwazi kunye nenkxaso kumalungu. Umbutho woRhwebo (TA): Le mibutho imele umdla wamashishini athile kwaye ibonelele ngophando lwemarike, uthungelwano lweshishini, ukuxhasa umgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nezinye iinkonzo. Ababoneleli banokufunda malunga nokutshintsha kweshishini kunye neendlela, kwaye baseke unxibelelwano nabathengi ngale mibutho. I-Chamber of Commerce (I-Chamber): Amagumbi okurhweba asekuhlaleni abonelela ngenkxaso yezoshishino kunye nezixhobo kwiinkampani zendawo, ezibanceda ukuba baseke unxibelelwano nabathengi basekhaya. Ngale mibutho kunye namagumbi orhwebo, ababoneleli banokufumana ulwazi lweshishini, baqonde iintsingiselo zemarike, bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yeshishini, kwaye baseke unxibelelwano nabathengi, ngaloo ndlela bandise amashishini abo. Nangona kunjalo, nceda uqaphele ukuba abathengi bamashishini abohlukeneyo banokuba kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo okanye amagumbi orhwebo, ngoko ke ababoneleli kufuneka bakhethe amajelo afanelekileyo ngokusekwe kwimveliso yabo okanye kwiindawo zenkonzo ukuze bazifumane. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

I-TradeKey: https://www.tradekey.com/ I-GlobalSpec: https://www.globalspec.com/ Izalathisi zoRhwebo lweHlabathi ngokubanzi: https://www.worldwide-trade.com/ TradeIndia: https://www.tradeindia.com/ I-ExportHub: https://www.exporthub.com/ Panjiva: https://www.panjiva.com/ ThomasNet: https://www.thomasnet.com/ EC21: https://www.ec21.com/ imithombo yehlabathi: https://www.globalsource.com/ alibaba: https://www.alibaba.com/

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

I-US Census Bureau: https://www.census.gov/ IKhomishini yoRhwebo yaMazwe ngaMazwe yaseU.S: https://dataweb.usitc.gov/ IOfisi yoMmeli woRhwebo waseMelika: https://ustr.gov/ Umbutho woRhwebo lweHlabathi (i-WTO): https://www.wto.org/ IKhomishini yoRhafu yase-United States: https://www.usitc.gov/ Iinkcukacha-manani zoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle lwase-United States: https://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/by_chapter/index.htm IBhunga loShishino lase-U.S.-China: https://www.uschina.org/ INkonzo yoPhando lwezoQoqosho yeSebe lezoLimo lase-U.S.: https://www.ers.usda.gov/ ULawulo lwezoRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe lweSebe lezoRhwebo laseU.S.: https://www.trade.gov/ IBhanki yokuThumela ngaphandle-Ngeniso yaseMelika: https://www.exim.gov/

amaqonga B2b

Ishishini laseAmazon: https://business.amazon.com/ UTomas: https://www.thomasnet.com/ EC21: https://www.ec21.com/ I-Globalspec: https://www.globalspec.com/ I-TradeKey: https://www.tradekey.com/ Izalathisi zoRhwebo lweHlabathi ngokubanzi: https://www.worldwide-trade.com/ I-ExportHub: https://www.exporthub.com/ Panjiva: https://www.panjiva.com/ imithombo yehlabathi: https://www.globalsource.com/ alibaba: https://www.alibaba.com/
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