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Iimarike eziphambili
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Ilizwe jikelele
IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia elibekwe kwiBay of Bengal kunye noLwandle lwaseAndaman. Umda weThailand, iLaos, iChina, iIndiya kunye neBangladesh. Ngommandla omalunga ne-676,578 yeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha kunye nabemi abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-54 zabantu (ngokwedatha ye-2021), iMyanmar yaziwa ngembali yayo etyebileyo kunye nenkcubeko eyahlukeneyo. IMyanmar inemozulu enemozulu etshisayo enamaxesha amathathu ahlukeneyo: ixesha elishushu ukusuka ngoMatshi ukuya kuMeyi, ixesha lemvula ukusuka ngoJuni ukuya kuSeptemba, kunye nexesha elipholileyo ukusuka ngo-Oktobha ukuya kuFebruwari. Eli lizwe liqhayisa ngeendawo ezintle ezisusela kwiintaba ezintle njengeeHimalaya emantla ukuya kumanxweme amahle agudle iBay of Bengal. Uninzi lwabemi baseMyanmar banqula iTheravada Buddhism njengonqulo lwabo oluphambili. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abantu ababalulekileyo abalandela amaSilamsi, ubuKristu, ubuHindu kunye neenkolelo zemveli. Ezi nkonzo zahlukeneyo zinegalelo kwilifa lenkcubeko elidlamkileyo. Uqoqosho lwaseMyanmar ikakhulu lulima ngezolimo kunye nezolimo ezinegalelo elikhulu kwi-GDP yayo. Izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinkulu ziquka irhasi yendalo, iimveliso zomthi izimbiwa ezifana nejeyidi kunye namatye anqabileyo afana neerubhi kunye neesafire. Urhulumente wenza iinzame kule minyaka yakutsha nje ukuhlanganisa amashishini akhe aquka ukhenketho. Ngaphandle kobuhle bayo bendalo kunye nobutyebi benkcubeko, iMyanmar iye yajongana nemiceli mngeni eyahlukeneyo kwezopolitiko nakwezentlalo kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo ngenxa yolawulo lomkhosi olulandelwa kukungazinzi kwezopolitiko. Nangona kunjalo ukusukela oko kutsha nje amanyathelo edemokhrasi aqala ukusebenza ngo-2010s, ibone inkqubela ethile ebhekiselele kuhlaziyo lwezopolitiko nangona isajongene nemiceli mngeni kwiinkalo ezininzi kubandakanya imiba yamalungelo oluntu ingakumbi echaphazela iintlanga ezincinci. Ukuqukumbela, iMynamar ibonelela ngokudityaniswa okumangalisayo kweendawo ezimangalisayo zomhlaba, iyantlukwano yenkcubeko, kunye nembali etyebileyo. Isizwe sijongene nemiceli mngeni eqhubekayo, kodwa siyaqhubeka silwela idemokhrasi, uphuhliso lwentlalo noqoqosho, kunye nokuphucula iimeko zabo bonke abemi baso. ixutywe nobuhle bendalo, yenza eli lizwe libe lelona lifanelekileyo ukubukela
Imali yeSizwe
IMyanmar, eyayifudula ibizwa ngokuba yiBurma, inemali yayo ebizwa ngokuba yiBurmese Kyat (MMK). Isimboli yemali ye-Myanmar Kyat yi-K. Izinga lotshintshiselwano lwe-Kyat yaseBurma ixhomekeke ekuguquguqukeni kwezinye iimali ezinkulu ezifana ne-US Dollar (USD) kunye ne-Euro (EUR). IBhanki Enkulu yaseMyanmar ilawula kwaye ikhupha imali yelizwe. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni uzinzo nokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iMyanmar inembali yokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nemingeni yezemali kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ngokwemigaqo yeemvaba, kukho imali engamaphepha efumanekayo ngokwexabiso lika-1 Ks, 5 Ks, 10 Ks, 20 Ks, 50 Ks, 100 Ks, 200 Ks, 500K s, 1000 KS ukuqhawula kumagama kungavakala ngcono okanye kuyindalo ngakumbi. Isivakalisi esinye esifana nesi "...imilinganiselo esusela kwiimvaba ezincinci ezifana..." Nangona iintlawulo zinokwenziwa kusetyenziswa imali eziinkozo kunye namakhadi okuthenga ngetyala kwezinye iindawo ezikwizixeko ezikhulu zelizwe okanye iindawo zabakhenkethi, iintengiselwano zemali zisalawula kwiindawo ezininzi zaseMyanmar apho ukwamkelwa kwamakhadi okuthenga ngetyala kunokuthintelwa. Ke, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphathe imali eyaneleyo yasekhaya xa uhamba ngaphakathi eMyanmar. Ngelixa isenokungabi nako ukuqondwa okuqinileyo kwehlabathi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimali ezifana neDola yaseMelika okanye i-Euro; nangona kunjalo kuluntu lwaseMyanma hamadinger, iBurmese Kyat ihlala iyinxalenye yobomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Lilonke, imeko yemali eMyanmar iphawulwa ziinzame ezithe gqolo zabasemagunyeni ukugcina uzinzo ngelixa belungiselela imeko yezemali phakathi kwemiceli mngeni emininzi yezoqoqosho ejongene neli lizwe laseMzantsi Mpuma Asia.
Imali yokutshintsha
Imali esemthethweni yaseMyanmar yiBurmese Kyat (MMK). Malunga namaxabiso otshintshiselwano lweemali ezinkulu, nanga amaxabiso aqikelelweyo: I-1 USD ≈ 1,522 MMK 1 EUR ≈ 1,774 MMK 1 GBP ≈ 2,013 MMK I-JPY eyi-1 ≈ 13,86 MMK Nceda uqaphele ukuba la manani luqikelelo kuphela kwaye anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana neemeko zemarike kunye nababoneleli botshintshiselwano.
Iiholide ezibalulekileyo
IMyanmar, ilizwe elimnandi kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, libhiyozela imithendeleko emininzi ebalulekileyo unyaka wonke. Le mithendeleko inika umbono kwilifa lenkcubeko etyebileyo kunye nezithethe zaseMyanmar. Omnye weyona minyhadala ibalulekileyo yiThingyan, ekwabizwa ngokuba nguMnyhadala waManzi. Ibhiyozelwa ngo-Epreli, iphawula uNyaka oMtsha waseBurma. Amawakawaka abantu ahlanganisana ezitalatweni ukuze athathe inxaxheba kumlo wamanzi kwaye agalelane ngamanzi njengesithethe sokuhlanjululwa kwezono ezidlulileyo kunye namashwa. Sisihlandlo esinesiphithiphithi nesivuyisayo esizaliswe yintsini, umculo nemingqungqo yesintu. Omnye umnyhadala obalulekileyo yiThadingyut okanye uMnyhadala wezibane obhiyozelwa ngo-Okthobha. Ebudeni balo mbhiyozo, iMyanmar ikhanyisa ngamawakawaka ezikhanyiso ezimibalabala njengoko abantu benikela imbeko ekubuyeni kukaBuddha evela ezulwini emva kokuba ezisa iimfundiso zakhe kunina. Izindlu zihonjiswe ngamakhandlela, izibane nezibane zombane ngoxa iifireworks zikhanyisa esibhakabhakeni ebusuku. Umnyhadala weTazaungdaing sesinye isiganeko esibalulekileyo esibhiyozelwa ngoNovemba kulo lonke elaseMyanmar. Lo mbhiyozo uhlonipha uGavamuni (umfundi kaBuddha) owabonakalisa amandla angaphezu kwawemvelo ngokudala umlilo ophuma kwizinwele zakhe ngaphambi kokuba alahle ubomi behlabathi. Eyona nto ibalaseleyo kulo mnyhadala ibandakanya ukhuphiswano lwebhaluni yomoya oshushu apho iibhaluni eziyilwe ngokuntsonkothileyo ezenziwe ngamagcisa anobuchule zithatha esibhakabhakeni phakathi kwezihlwele ezichwayitisayo ezingezantsi. Ngexesha lePindaya Cave Festival ebanjwe phakathi kukaFebruwari-Matshi kufutshane nengingqi ye-Inle Lake, abazinikeleyo batyelela emiqolombeni engcwele ehonjiswe ngamawaka emifanekiso eqingqiweyo yegolide kaBuddha ukuze banike imbeko yabo kwaye bafune iintsikelelo kwi-relics engcwele ngaphakathi kule miqolomba eyaqala emva kweenkulungwane. Okokugqibela, uMnyhadala weBalloon waseTaunggyi obanjwe ngoNovemba uqhubeka kufutshane neMandalay utsalela ingqalelo kwiibhaluni zawo ezinkulu zomoya oshushu ezikhanyisa ebusuku zizithumela phezulu esibhakabhakeni zihonjiswe ziziboniso ezimangalisayo zomlilo. Le minyhadala ibonisa inkcubeko edlamkileyo yaseMyanmar ー iinkolelo zayo ezindele nzulu ezidityaniswe ngokunzulu kuyo yonke imibhiyozo apho abantu balapha badibana khona ukuze babhiyozele izithethe zabo ngelixa bamkela ngokufudumeleyo nabani na onqwenela ukuba kunye nabo kolu hambo lokufunyanwa kwenkcubeko.
Imeko yoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia. Ifumene utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwimeko yayo yorhwebo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Uqoqosho lwaseMyanmar luxhomekeke kakhulu ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe ukuqhubela phambili ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lwezorhwebo. Ilizwe ngokuyintloko lithumela iimveliso zezolimo kumazwe angaphandle njengerayisi, iipulses, iimbotyi, iimveliso zokuloba kunye namaplanga. Ukongeza, amalaphu kunye neengubo ziye zaba zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eMyanmar. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba icandelo lezorhwebo laseMyanmar lijongene nemingeni emininzi. Omnye umqobo omkhulu sisiseko sayo esinyiniweyo kunye nonxibelelwano neemarike zehlabathi. Uthungelwano lwezothutho olunganelanga kunye nolungiselelo luthintela ukuhamba kakuhle kwempahla ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngaphezu koko, izohlwayo zezoqoqosho zamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yeenkxalabo zezopolitiko ziye zathintela ukufikelela kweMyanmar kwiimarike zangaphandle. Nangona uninzi lwezohlwayo luye lwasuswa okanye lwathotywa kwiminyaka yakutshanje njengoko ilizwe liphumeza uhlaziyo lwedemokhrasi kunye nokuphucula iimeko zamalungelo oluntu; ezinye izithintelo zisahleli. Ngaphandle kwale mingeni, kubekho uphuhliso oluhle ngokunjalo. IMyanmar ilandele ngokukhutheleyo utyalo-mali lwangaphandle ukukhulisa icandelo lezorhwebo. Urhulumente wenze iinguqu ezininzi kwezoqoqosho ukutsala amashishini angaphandle ngokuphucula ukushishina ngokulula kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo zomthetho. Ukongeza, iMyanmar ibekwe ngokucwangcisekileyo ngokwejografi phakathi kweIndiya neTshayina enika amandla okwanda kokudityaniswa korhwebo lwengingqi ngamaphulo afana neBelt and Road Initiative (BRI). Le nkqubo ijolise ekuphuculeni uxhulumaniso lwengingqi ngotyalo-mali kwiiprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo ezinokuthi zizuze imisebenzi yokurhweba yaseMyanmar. Ngokubanzi, ngelixa ijongene nemiqobo enxulumene neziseko ezingundoqo kunye nezohlwayo zamazwe ngamazwe-iMyanmar iyaqhubeka nokuzabalazela ukudala indawo evumela ukuthengisa urhwebo olunqamlezileyo ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo ohlaziyo lwangaphakathi ngelixa ixhamla kumanyathelo ommandla afana ne-BRI enokwandisa i-horizons yayo yorhwebo.
Uphuhliso lweMakethi olunokubakho
IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, ibonise amandla abonakalayo ophuhliso lwemarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Indawo ecwangcisekileyo yelizwe phakathi kweIndiya neTshayina ibonelela ngenzuzo eyodwa ngokwamathuba okungenisa/ukuthumela ngaphandle. Okokuqala, iMyanmar inobutyebi obuninzi bendalo obufana nerhasi yendalo, ioyile, iiminerali kunye namatye anqabileyo. Le mithombo itsale abatyali-zimali bamazwe angaphandle abafuna ukungena kumashishini elizwe anobutyebi obuninzi. Ngenxa yoko, iMyanmar ibe ngumdlali obalulekileyo kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi. Okwesibini, iMyanmar inabemi abaninzi abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-54. Le ntengiso inkulu yangaphakathi ibonelela ngamathuba aneleyo kwiinkampani zangaphandle ukuba zingene kwaye ziseke ubukho bazo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo afana nempahla yabathengi, i-elektroniki, kunye nonxibelelwano. Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente waseMyanmar wenze utshintsho olubalulekileyo lwezoqoqosho kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo ukutsala utyalo-mali lwamazwe ngamazwe. Olu hlengahlengiso luquka ukukhululwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo kunye nokusekwa kwemimandla yoqoqosho ekhethekileyo enika inkuthazo kumashishini angaphandle. La manyathelo ancede ekudaleni imeko encomekayo yoshishino kwiinkampani zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe. Ukongeza, iMyanmar iyinxalenye yezivumelwano zorhwebo ezininzi zengingqi ezifana ne-ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) kunye neBay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC). Ezi zivumelwano zijolise ekwandiseni ukudityaniswa koqoqosho lwengingqi ngokunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa imiqobo yorhwebo phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu. Ukuba yinxalenye yezi zivumelwano kuvumela amashishini aseMyanmar ukuba afikelele kwiimarike ezinkulu ngaphakathi kwe-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kusekho imingeni ekusafuneka iqwalaselwe phambi kokungena ngokupheleleyo kwisakhono sayo; uphuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso luhlala luyindawo efuna ukuphuculwa ngakumbi ukuququzelela uthungelwano lwezothutho olusebenzayo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kweMyanmar. Ukuqukumbela, iMyanmar inika amandla amakhulu ophuhliso lwentengiso yangaphandle ngenxa yobutyebi bayo bendalo, indawo ecwangcisiweyo yejografi phakathi kweIndiya neTshayina, abantu abaninzi basekhaya, uhlaziyo lwezoqoqosho olukhokelwa ngurhulumente ukuphucula imeko yoshishino, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwizivumelwano zorhwebo zengingqi.
Iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike
Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni iimveliso ezishushu zokuthengisa kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle eMyanmar, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. IMyanmar lilizwe elikhulayo eliye lafumana utshintsho oluphawulekayo lwezoqoqosho kwiminyaka yamuva. Ngokukhula kodidi oluphakathi kunye nokwanda kwemfuno yabathengi, kukho amathuba amaninzi kumashishini ajonge ukungena kwimarike yorhwebo yelizwe. Okokuqala nokuphambili, kubalulekile ukuchonga iimfuno ezithile kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi basekhaya eMyanmar. Ukuqhuba uphando lwemarike kunye nokuqonda iipatheni zabo zokuthenga kunokubonelela ngeembono ezixabisekileyo malunga nokuba zeziphi iimveliso ezinokunxulumana nabo. Umzekelo, ngokunyuka kwabantu abakudidi oluphakathi, kukho imfuneko eyandayo yee-electronics zabathengi ezifana nee-smartphones kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya. Ukongeza, ukuqwalasela amandla eziseko zophuhliso eMyanmar kubalulekile ngelixa ukhetha iimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukufikelela okulinganiselweyo kumbane othembekileyo kwezinye iindawo kunokuthetha ukuba iimveliso zombane okanye amandla elanga zinamandla amakhulu. Ngokufanayo, ngenxa yothungelwano lwendlela olungonelanga kwimimandla ethile, iimpahla ezomeleleyo njengezithuthuthu okanye iibhayisekile zinokuba lukhetho oludumileyo oluhlangabezana neemfuno zothutho lwasekhaya. Ngaphaya koko, ukuhlola imveliso yezolimo kungabonakalisa ingeniso kolu rhwebo. IMyanmar inobutyebi bendalo obutyebileyo kunye nomhlaba ochumileyo onokuxhasa imisebenzi emininzi yezolimo. Izityalo zemali ezifana nerayisi, i-pulses, amagqabi eti okanye irabha zinokuthengiseka kumazwe angaphandle. Okokugqibela kodwa okuchatshazelwa kakhulu ziziganeko zezopolitiko zamva nje yimisebenzi yezandla eyenziwe ngamagcisa asekuhlaleni abonisa iindlela zokulukwa zesintu (ezifana namalaphu), izinto ezenziwe ngodongwe okanye i-lacquerware phakathi kwezinye zenza izikhumbuzo ezikhethekileyo zokurhweba kakuhle phakathi kwabakhenkethi abasuka kumazwe angaphandle asekuhlaleni. Kukonke ukukhetha izinto ezizimfuno eziphezulu ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukubonelela ngokukhethwa kwasekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ngelixa ungena kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle eMyanmar ngempumelelo. Ukuqukumbela, uphando olunzulu kufuneka lwenziwe ngokugcinwa kweemeko zeziseko zophuhliso lwedemografi ezifikelelekayo kukhetho lobuhlanga kwindawo engundoqo yokunciphisa utyalo-mali lokuqala kwimizamo enengeniso eyimpumelelo.
Iimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboo
IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia elinelifa lenkcubeko etyebileyo kunye neentlanga ezahlukeneyo. Ukuqonda iimpawu zabaxumi kunye ne-taboos eMyanmar kubalulekile ekusekeni ubudlelwane obuphumelelayo bezoshishino kwilizwe. Iimpawu zoMxumi: 1. Ukuhlonelwa kwabantu abadala: Abantu baseMyanmar baluxabisa gqitha ulawulo lwegunya nokuhlonela abadala. Kubalulekile ukuvuma kunye nokunikezela kubameli abaphezulu kumbutho. 2 Imbeko nembeko: Isithethe sasekuhlaleni sibethelela imbeko, ukubulisa ngokusesikweni, nesimilo. Ukubonisa imbeko ngezimbo zomzimba ezinjengokuqubuda okanye ukusebenzisa amagama anembeko kuya kuxatyiswa kakhulu. 3. Ukwakha ukuthembana ngobudlelwane: Ukwakha ubudlelwane kudlala indima ebalulekileyo xa usenza ishishini eMyanmar. Abathengi basekhaya bakhetha ukusebenza nabantu ababazi kakuhle, ngoko ke ukutyala ixesha lokuseka unxibelelwano lobuqu kubalulekile. 4. Indlela yonxibelelwano olungathanga ngqo: Abaxumi baseBurma badla ngokuba nesimbo sonxibelelwano olungathanga ngqo ngokusebenzisa i-euphemism okanye ukuthambisa amagama abo ukuze bagcine imvisiswano ngexesha lencoko. 5. Umonde kunye nokuguquguquka: Iingxoxo zezoshishino zihlala zithatha ixesha elide kunokuba zilindelwe ngenxa yeenkqubo ze-bureaucratic okanye iimeko ezingalindelekanga. Kubalulekile ukubonisa umonde, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokulungelelaniswa xa ujongene nokulibaziseka. I-Taboos: 1. Iingxoxo zezopolitiko: Kuphephe ukuxoxa ngezopolitiko okanye ukugxeka urhulumente ngokuphandle kuba kunokubonwa njengokungahloniphiyo okanye ukukhubekisa. 2. Uvakalelo ngokwenkolo: UbuBhuda budlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkcubeko yaseMyanmar; Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba ungazihloneli iisayithi zonqulo okanye izinto zakudala ngelixa uzindwendwela. 3.Iintyatyambo njengezipho : Iichrysanthemums zinxulunyaniswa nemingcwabo; kungoko ukupha iintyatyambo kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo kujongwa ukubaluleka kwazo ngokwenkcubeko. 4. Ukusetyenziswa kwesandla sasekhohlo : Isandla sasekhohlo sinokuthathwa njengengacocekanga kwimisebenzi ethile efana nokupha/ukwamkela izinto okanye ukutya ukutya kungoko kufuneka kuphetshwe. 5.Ukubamba intloko yomntu : Intloko ibambe ukubaluleka okukhethekileyo kwinkcubeko yaseBurma; ngoko ke ukubamba intloko yomntu kufuneka kuphetshwe njengoko kunokubangela ukhubekiso. Ngokuhlonipha iimpawu zabaxumi kunye nokubambelela kwii-taboos, amashishini angakwazi ukuhamba ngeendlela zenkcubeko kunye nokwakha ubudlelwane obuphumelelayo eMyanmar.
Inkqubo yolawulo lweCustoms
IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, inamasiko athile kunye nemigaqo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe ekufuneka ilandelwe xa ungena okanye uphuma kweli lizwe. Nantsi inkcazo yenkqubo yolawulo lwezithethe zaseMyanmar kunye neengqwalasela eziphambili: Imithetho yeCustoms: 1. Incwadana yokundwendwela: Bonke abatyeleli kufuneka babe nencwadana yokundwendwela esemthethweni eneenyanga ezintandathu ubuncinane zokuhlala esemthethweni. 2. Imfuneko yeVisa: Uninzi lwezizwe lufuna i-visa yokungena eMyanmar. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane i-visa kwangaphambili nge-Embassy okanye ufake isicelo se-e-visa kwi-intanethi ngaphambi kokuhamba. 3. Izinto Ezibekelwe Imiqathango: IMyanmar inemithetho engqongqo ngokuphathelele ukuziswa kweziyobisi, imipu, iimbumbulu kunye nemali yomgunyathi. Ukungenisa / ukuthumela izinto zakudala okanye izinto zenkcubeko ngaphandle kwamaxwebhu afanelekileyo nawo akuvumelekanga. 4. Izithintelo zemali: Kukho izithintelo ekuziseni okanye ekuthatheni ngaphezu kwe-10,000 USD ngemali ekheshi ngomntu ngamnye ngaphandle kwesibhengezo. 5. Impahla Engavumelekanga: Izinto ezithile ezinje ngephonografi, izinto ezibuthathaka ngokwezopolitiko, nezinto zonqulo ezenziwe ngaphambili zisenokungavunyelwa ukuba zingeniswe elizweni okanye zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Iinkqubo zeCustoms: 1. IFomu yesiBhengezo sokuFika: Ekufikeni kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya samazwe ngamazwe saseMyanmar okanye kwindawo yokuhlola umda womhlaba, abatyeleli kufuneka bazalise ifom yesibhengezo sokufika enika iinkcukacha zobuqu kunye nolwazi malunga nempahla ethwalwayo. 2. Ukuhlolwa kwempahla: Ukutshekishwa kwempahla ngokungacwangciswanga kuqhutywa ngamagosa erhafu ekungeneni kwawo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yempahla ephumayo. 3. IsiBhengezo seMali: Abatyeleli abaphethe imali engaphezu kwe-10,000 USD eyimali kufuneka bayichaze besebenzisa "iFom yesiBhengezo seMali" enikwe liSebe leCustoms xa befika/bahamba. 4.Ukukhululwa kwiRhafu yoMrhumo/IziBonelelo: Isixa esifanelekileyo sezinto zobuqu ezibandakanya iimpahla kunye nezixhobo zombane zobuqu zivumelekile ngokubanzi ukuba zingarhafisi kubakhenkethi; nangona kunjalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugcine iirisithi zezinto ezibizayo ezifana neekhamera okanye izacholo osele ungowakho xa ungena kweli lizwe. Iingqwalasela eziphambili: 1.Izikhumbuzo zabakhenkethi/ubunyani bemisebenzi yezandla – Lumka xa uthenga izinto ezikhumbuzayo/imisebenzi yezandla efana namatye anqabileyo, izacholo, kunye nomsebenzi wobugcisa. Jonga ubunyani ngokuthenga kwiivenkile ezivunywe ngurhulumente. 2. Zihlonele Izithethe Zasekuhlaleni: Kubalulekile ukuhlonela izithethe zasekuhlaleni, izithethe zonqulo nemithetho yaseMyanmar. 3. Iimvume zokuThumela ngaphandle: Ukuba unenjongo yokuthatha izinto zakudala okanye izinto zenkcubeko ezithengwa eMyanmar, kuyimfuneko ukufumana imvume yokuthumela ngaphandle kwisebe le-archaeological ngaphambi kokuhamba. 4. Izithintelo zokuHamba zeNgingqi: Ezinye iindawo zaseMyanmar zifuna iimvume ezongezelelweyo ngenxa yenkxalabo yokhuseleko okanye ukufikelela okuthintelweyo ngabatyeleli bangaphandle. Qinisekisa ukujonga iingcebiso zohambo kwaye udibane nabasemagunyeni abachaphazelekayo phambi kokuba ucwangcise uhambo lwakho. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba imimiselo yamasiko inokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko kusoloko kucetyiswa ukuba ujonge kwi-Embassy yaseMyanmar okanye eminye imithombo esemthethweni yolona lwazi luhlaziyiweyo lwenkqubo yolawulo lwamasiko xa ucwangcisa utyelelo lwakho.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu
IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa owahlukileyo. Urhulumente waseMyanmar umisela imirhumo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ukuze alawule urhwebo nokungenisa imali elizweni. Amaxabiso erhafu yokungenisa eMyanmar ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezinye izinto zisenokuba phantsi kweerhafu ezongezelelweyo, ezifana nerhafu yexabiso elongeziweyo (i-VAT) okanye irhafu yezinto ezikhethekileyo. Kwizinto eziyimfuneko ezifana neemveliso zokutya kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko ezisisiseko, urhulumente umisela imirhumo ephantsi okanye engunothi. Oku kujolise ekuqinisekiseni ukufikeleleka kunye nokufikeleleka kwezi mpahla kuluntu ngokubanzi. Kwelinye icala, izinto zodidi oluphezulu kunye neemveliso ezingabalulekanga zitsala irhafu ephezulu yokungenisa elizweni. Oku kunokubandakanya izinto ezifana nezixhobo zombane, iimoto zodidi oluphezulu, kunye nezinto ezithile zodidi oluphezulu. Amaxabiso aphezulu ajolise ekuthinteleni ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kweemveliso zodidi oluphezulu ngeli lixa ungenisa ingeniso kurhulumente. Ngaphezu koko, ukuthengwa kwempahla evela kumazwe angabamelwane ngaphakathi kwe-ASEAN (uMbutho weZizwe eziMazantsi-mpuma Asia) uyonwabela imilinganiselo ekhethwayo phantsi kwezivumelwano zorhwebo zengingqi. Oku kukhuthaza urhwebo phakathi kweMyanmar kunye nezizwe ezingabamelwane ngelixa ikhuthaza ukudityaniswa kwezoqoqosho. Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba iMyanmar ibisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ekukhululeni imigaqo-nkqubo yayo yezorhwebo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Njengoko itshintshela kuqoqosho oluvuleleke ngakumbi, iinzame zenziwe zokunciphisa amaxabiso erhafu kunye nokwenza lula iinkqubo zerhafu phantsi kwamanyathelo anjengesiVumelwano soNxibelelwano loRhwebo (TFA). Ukuqukumbela, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa elizweni waseMyanmar uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kodwa ngokubanzi ibandakanya imirhumo ephantsi okanye enguziro yezinto eziyimfuneko ngelixa ibeka imisebenzi ephezulu kwizinto zodidi oluphezulu. Iinzame ziyenziwa ukukhuthaza ukudityaniswa kommandla ngokusebenzisa imirhumo ekhethwayo phakathi kwamazwe e-ASEAN kunye neenzame ezibanzi zokusingisa inkululeko yorhwebo.
Iipolisi zerhafu ezithumela ngaphandle
Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle eMyanmar ujolise ekulawuleni imisebenzi yelizwe yokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho. IMyanmar ibeka iirhafu ezahlukeneyo kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngokusekelwe kwiintlobo zazo kunye namaxabiso. Okokuqala, iimpahla ezithile ziphantsi kwemisebenzi ethile yokuthumela ngaphandle. Umzekelo, ubutyebi bendalo obufana namaplanga, iiminerali, namatye anqabileyo arhafiswa ngemilinganiselo eyahluka-hlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlelo lwazo. Oku kuvumela urhulumente ukuba alawule ukutsalwa nokuthengiswa kwezi zixhobo zixabisekileyo. Okwesibini, kukho uluhlu lwerhafu jikelele olusetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezininzi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Isebe lezinto ezingenayo limisela esi sakhiwo ngokuhlela izinto kwiikhowudi ezahlukeneyo zeerhafu ngokwendalo yazo okanye ishishini ezikulo. Umlinganiselo werhafu uxhomekeke kwikhowudi yenkqubo ehambelanayo apho imveliso iwela phantsi kwayo. Urhulumente ukwathathela ingqalelo ukukhuthaza amashishini akhethiweyo ngokusebenzisa inkuthazo yerhafu okanye ukukhululwa ekuthengiseni ngaphandle okudityaniswa naloo macandelo. La mashishini abandakanya ezolimo, ukuvelisa, amalaphu, kunye neemveliso ezisekwe kwimithombo yendalo efana nemithi esetyenziweyo okanye amatye anqabileyo agqityiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, kunokubakho imirhumo eyongezelelweyo okanye iintlawulo ezinxulumene nokuthunyelwa kwempahla evela eMyanmar njengemirhumo yamaxwebhu okanye iindleko zolawulo ezenziwe ngexesha leenkqubo zokucoca. Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle yaseMyanmar iya kutshintsha ngamaxesha athile ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana neemeko zoqoqosho kunye nezivumelwano zorhwebo zamazwe ngamazwe abangena kuzo namanye amazwe. Ngokubanzi, iMyanmar iphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle ojolise ekulinganiseni ukulingana phakathi kokuvelisa ingeniso yelizwe ngelixa ivumela uphuhliso loqoqosho oluzinzileyo ngokukhuthaza amashishini athile ngokusebenzisa inkuthazo yerhafu ekujoliswe kuyo.
Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo zokuthumela ngaphandle
IMyanmar lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asiya kwaye yaziwa ngobutyebi belifa lenkcubeko, ubuhle bendalo, kunye nokubanakho kwezoqoqosho. Njengemarike esakhulayo, iMyanmar ibigxile ekukhuliseni ishishini lokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokuseka ubudlelwane borhwebo namazwe ehlabathi. Xa kuziwa kwisatifikethi sokuthumela ngaphandle eMyanmar, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Okokuqala, iinkampani ezithumela iimpahla ezivela eMyanmar kufuneka zifumane iSatifikethi esisebenzayo sokuBhalisa ngaphandle (ERC). Esi satifikethi sikhutshwa liCandelo loTyalo-mali kunye noLawulo lweNkampani (DICA) okanye abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kubume bemveliso ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Ukongeza kwi-ERC, abathumeli bangaphandle kufuneka bahambelane nemimiselo ethile ehambelana neshishini labo okanye imveliso. Umzekelo, iimveliso zezolimo zifuna iSatifikethi sePhytosanitary esikhutshwe liCandelo loKhuseleko lweZityalo phantsi koMphathiswa wezoLimo. Ngokufanayo, abathumeli beemveliso zokuloba kumazwe angaphandle kufuneka bathobele izikhokelo ezibonelelwa liSebe lezokuLoba phantsi koMphathiswa wezoLimo noNkcenkceshelo. Abathumeli bangaphandle kwakhona kufuneka baqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neziqinisekiso ezisekelwe kwiimarike ezijoliswe kuzo. Oku kubandakanya ukufumana iziqinisekiso ezisemgangathweni ezifana ne-ISO (i-International Organization for Standardization) okanye i-HACCP (i-Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point), eqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezana nemigangatho ethile ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho. Ngaphaya koko, ezinye iimveliso zinokufuna izatifikethi ezongezelelweyo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Umzekelo, ukuthunyelwa kwezimbiwa kumazwe angaphandle kufuna imvume evela kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo abafana neSebe leMigodi phambi kokuba zithunyelwe kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuqukumbela, inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwesatifikethi yaseMyanmar iquka ukufumana iSatifikethi sokuBhalisa ngaphandle kunye nokuthobela imigaqo ethile enxulumene namashishini ahlukeneyo. Ukuze abathengisi bangaphandle bahlale bekhuphisana kwiimarike zehlabathi, ukuhambisa iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunokwandisa kakhulu amathuba abo okuphumelela. 限制為300个单词
Ulungiselelo lolungiselelo olucetyiswayo
IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia. Imida yeIndiya neBangladesh ngasentshona, iChina ukuya emantla nasemntla-mpuma, iLaos ngasempuma, kunye neThailand kumazantsi-mpuma. Xa kuziwa kwiingcebiso zolungiselelo eMyanmar, nanga amanqaku aphambili ekufuneka uwaqwalasele: 1. Amazibuko: IMyanmar inamazibuko aliqela amakhulu anendima ebalulekileyo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Izibuko laseYangon lelona zibuko libalulekileyo eMyanmar kwaye lisebenza njengesango lokuphuma ngaphandle kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle. Inezixhobo zala maxesha ezineetheminali zeekhonteyina ezikwaziyo ukuphatha imithamo emikhulu yemithwalo. 2. Uthungelwano lwendlela: IMyanmar iye yaphucula iziseko zayo zendlela kwiminyaka yamuva. Nangona kunjalo, kusacetyiswa ukucwangciswa kolibaziseko okanye ubunzima obunokubakho ngelixa uthutha iimpahla phakathi kwemimandla ethile ngenxa yeemeko zendlela okanye iimeko zamaxesha onyaka. 3. Umzila kaloliwe: Nangona uthutho lukaloliwe lusenokungathandwa okanye lungasebenzi njengezinye iindlela zothutho, lusenokuba lukhetho lokuhamba kwemithwalo ethile ngaphakathi eMyanmar okanye ukudibanisa namazwe angabamelwane afana neTshayina neThailand. 4. Izikhululo zeenqwelo moya: Uthutho lomoya wamazwe ngamazwe ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yolungiselelo eMyanmar. Ezona zikhululo zeenqwelo moya zezizwe ngezizwe yiYangon International Airport kunye neMandalay International Airport ezibonelela ngoqhakamshelwano olusebenzayo namanye amazwe kulo mmandla. 5. Imimiselo yeCustoms: Ukuqonda kunye nokuthobela imimiselo yezithethe kubalulekile xa uthumela iimpahla ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kweMyanmar. Ukusebenza ngempumelelo yokungenisa/ukuthumela ngaphandle, ukusebenza ngokusondeleleneyo nabameli abachwepheshile abanolwazi lokujonga ezi mfuno kunokunceda ukuphepha ukulibaziseka okanye iingxaki. 6. Izixhobo zokugcina iimpahla: Ukulungiselela iimfuno zokugcina ngaphakathi kwe-Myanmar Logistics supply chain, kukho iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezifumaneka kuzo zonke iidolophu ezinkulu ezifana neYangon neMandalay ezibonelela ngezisombululo ezikhuselekileyo zokugcinwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempahla. 7.Ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zothutho: Iinkampani ezininzi zothutho zendawo zibonelela ngeenkonzo zelori kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseMyanmar ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo. 8.Inkqubela phambili yezobuGcisa: Hlala usexesheni ngeentsingiselo zethekhinoloji ezivelayo kwicandelo lezothutho lelizwe elifana neqonga ledijithali lokuthunyelwa kwempahla, ukulandelela, kunye nokubhalwa kwamaxwebhu. Olu phuculo lunokwenza lula ukusebenza kunye nokwandisa ukubonakala kwekhonkco lonikezelo. I-9.Ababoneleli beNkonzo yeLogistics: Ukusebenzisana nabanikezeli benkonzo abanamava e-Myanmar kunokuzuza kakhulu imisebenzi yakho. Banolwazi lwasekhaya, iziseko zophuhliso, inethiwekhi, kunye nobuchule bokujongana nemiceli mngeni eyahlukeneyo kunye nokubonelela ngezisombululo zokugqibela. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngenxa yemeko yezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho eMyanmar, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlale uhlaziywa ngolwazi lwamva nje oluvela kwimithombo ethembekileyo xa ucwangcisa imisebenzi ye-logistics kwilizwe.
Imijelo yophuhliso lwabathengi

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia elibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo zokukhangela amazwe ngamazwe kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo yophuhliso lwayo. Makhe sihlolisise ezinye zazo. 1. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseYangon: Njengesona sikhululo seenqwelomoya sikhulu saseMyanmar kunye nesango lokungena elizweni, iYangon International Airport isebenza njengendawo ebalulekileyo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iququzelela ukuthuthwa kwempahla kwaye ibonelele ngamathuba kubathengi behlabathi ukuba badibanise nabanikezeli bendawo. 2. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseMandalay: Ifumaneka kumbindi weMyanmar, isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseMandalay yenye indawo ephambili yezothutho ebonelela ngamathuba oshishino kubathengi bamazwe aphesheya abafuna ukuvelisa iimveliso kulo mmandla. 3. Izibuko laseYangon: Izibuko laseYangon lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokudibanisa iMyanmar neemarike zehlabathi. Isebenza njengesango elikhulu lokungenisa iimpahla elizweni kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle iimveliso zaseBurma kwihlabathi liphela. 4. IWorld Trade Centre Yangon: IWorld Trade Centre (WTC) Yangon liziko loshishino elaziwayo elikhuthaza urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye namathuba otyalo-mali eMyanmar. Iququzelela imiboniso, imiboniso, kunye neenkomfa apho abathengi behlabathi banokudibana nabanikezeli bendawo, baphonononge intsebenziswano enokubakho, kunye nomthombo weemveliso ezivela kumacandelo ahlukeneyo. 5. I-Myanmar Expo: Lo mboniso wonyaka obanjwe eYangon udibanisa iinkampani zasekhaya kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe ezivela kumashishini ahlukeneyo afana nemveliso, ezolimo, iteknoloji, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukhenketho, njl. abathengi basekhaya nabangaphandle okanye abathengi. 6. Made In Myanmar Expo: Igxile ngokukodwa ekukhuthazeni iimveliso ezenziwe ekhaya kwimarike yehlabathi, lo mboniso ujolise ekudibaniseni abavelisi kunye nabathengi abanomdla abanomdla wokufumana iimpahla zaseBurma ezikumgangatho ophezulu kumacandelo afana nempahla kunye nempahla, imisebenzi yezandla & nefenitshala, ukutya. & iziselo njl. I-7.Umboniso we-33 we-Manufacturing Industry Exhibition (THAIMETAL): I-THAIMETAL ngomnye wemiboniso emikhulu yengingqi eyenziwa ngonyaka e-Bangkok ekhanga abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi kuquka abavelisi abavela kumazwe angabamelwane afana neMyanmar. Isebenza njengeqonga labathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuba baphonononge amathuba okufumana icandelo lemveliso yaseMyanmar. 8. IHong Kong Mega Showcase: Lo mboniso worhwebo udumileyo obanjelwa eHong Kong minyaka le utsala ababonisi kunye neendwendwe ezivela kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka neMyanmar. Esi siganeko sibandakanya amashishini ahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwimveliso yabathengi ukuya kwi-electronics, enika ithuba lokuba abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe badibanise nabanikezeli baseBurma. Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yamajelo abalulekileyo okukhangela amazwe ngamazwe kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo ekhoyo eMyanmar. Banikezela ngamathuba amakhulu okwandisa ishishini, uthungelwano, kunye nokufunwa kwemveliso elizweni nakwihlabathi jikelele.
EMyanmar, iinjini zokukhangela eziqhele ukusetyenziswa zezi zilandelayo: 1. UGoogle (www.google.com.mm): UGoogle yeyona njini yokukhangela idumileyo nesetyenziswa kakhulu eMyanmar. Ibonelela ngamava okukhangela abanzi kwaye ifumaneka ngazo zombini iilwimi zaseBurma kunye nesiNgesi. 2. Yahoo! Khangela (www.yahoo.com): I-Yahoo yenye injini yokukhangela esetyenziswa rhoqo eMyanmar. Nangona isenokungathandwa njengoGoogle, ibonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya iindaba, iinkonzo ze-imeyile, kunye nomxholo wokonwabisa. 3. I-Bing (www.bing.com): I-Bing yinjini yokukhangela eyenziwe nguMicrosoft. Ngelixa isenokungasetyenziswa kakhulu eMyanmar xa kuthelekiswa neGoogle okanye iYahoo, abanye abantu bakhetha iBing ngeempawu zayo ezizodwa ezifana nephepha lodonga lemihla ngemihla. 4. I-DuckDuckGo (i-duckduckgo.com): I-DuckDuckGo yi-injini yokukhangela egxile kubumfihlo efumene ukuthandwa kwihlabathi jikelele, kuquka naseMyanmar. Ayiqokeleli iinkcukacha zobuqu okanye ilandelele umsebenzi wabasebenzisi njengezinye iinjini zokukhangela eziqhelekileyo. 5. I-Yandex (www.yandex.com.mm): I-Yandex yinjini yokukhangela esekwe eRashiya ekhoyo eMyanmar. Inika iziphumo zalapha elizweni kwaye ibonelela ngeenkonzo ezifana neemephu, izixhobo zoguqulo, kunye nophendlo lwemifanekiso. 6. I-Baidu (www.baidu.com): I-Baidu yeyona njini yokukhangela yolwimi lwaseTshayina ekwabonelela abasebenzisi abangaphandle kweTshayina kuquka nabasebenzisi abakwindawo yaseMyanmar ethetha isiTshayina. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngelixa ezi ziinjini zokukhangela ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo eMyanmar, ukuthandwa kwazo kunokwahluka phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwizinto abazithandayo kunye neemfuno zokufikelela kulwazi kwi-intanethi.

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

IMyanmar, ilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, inamaphepha amaninzi amthubi aphambili anika ulwazi malunga namashishini kunye neenkonzo. Naba abambalwa abadumileyo kunye needilesi zabo zewebhusayithi: 1. Amaphepha aMthubi aseMyanmar (www.myanmaryellowpages.biz): IMyanmar Yellow Pages yenye yezalathisi zoshishino eziphambili kweli lizwe. Ibonelela ngoluhlu oluneenkcukacha lwamashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ezempilo, ukwamkela iindwendwe, imfundo, nokunye. Iwebhusayithi inikezela ngolwazi loqhagamshelwano olufana neenombolo zefowuni, iidilesi, kunye neewebhusayithi zamashishini adwelisiweyo. 2. Uvimba weefayili waseYangon (www.yangondirectory.com): I-Yangon Directory luluhlu olubanzi lwe-intanethi olugxile ngokukodwa kumashishini kwisixeko saseYangon. Iqulethe uluhlu olubanzi loluhlu kuzo zonke iindidi ezahlukeneyo ezifana neendawo zokutyela, iihotele, iivenkile, kunye neenkonzo ezifana neebhanki kunye nezindlu. 3. Uvimba weefayili waseMandalay (www.mdydirectory.com): IMandalay Directory luluhlu olukhethekileyo lokubonelela amashishini kwisixeko saseMandalay. Iqonga libonisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo aquka iivenkile zokuthengisa, izibonelelo zonyango, iindawo zokuzonwabisa, kunye neenkonzo zokuthutha eziseMandalay. 4. Uluhlu lweeNkonzo ze-Oli neGesi zaseMyanmar (www.myannetaung.net/mogsdir): Uluhlu lweeNkonzo ze-Oyile kunye neGesi yaseMyanmar lugxile kwishishini leoli kunye negesi ngokudwelisa iinkampani ezinikezela ngeemveliso ezikhethekileyo okanye iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo kweli candelo. 5. Uluhlu lweeFowuni zaseMyanmar ( www.mtd.com.mm/Directory.aspx ): Izalathiso zeeFowuni zaseMyanmar zibonelela ngeenguqulelo ze-intanethi kunye nokuprintwa okubandakanya iinombolo zefowuni zabantu kunye namashishini kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe. Ezi webhusayithi zikhankanyiwe zisebenza njengezixhobo ezixabisekileyo kubantu abafuna iimveliso okanye iinkonzo ezithile ngaphakathi kwendawo yoshishino yaseMyanmar. Nceda uqaphele ukuba kusoloko kucetyiswa ukuqinisekisa ubunyani kunye nemo yangoku yolwazi oludwelisiweyo kula maqonga ngenxa yeeyantlukwano ezinokubakho ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia elibone ukukhula okubonakalayo kumzi mveliso we-e-commerce kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Amaqonga amaninzi e-e-commerce asebenza eMyanmar. Nazi ezinye zezona zibalaseleyo kunye neeURL zabo zewebhusayithi: 1. Shop.com.mm: Njengelinye lamaqonga e-e-commerce makhulu nadumileyo eMyanmar, iShop.com.mm ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-elektroniki, ifashoni, ubuhle, izixhobo zasekhaya, nokunye. . umthombo: https://www.shop.com.mm/ 2. IGrabMart: Yaziwa kakhulu ngeenkonzo zayo zokukhwela inqwelo-mafutha, iGrab ikwasebenzisa iqonga lokuhambisa igrosari elikwi-intanethi elibizwa ngokuba yiGrabMart. Abasebenzisi banokuodola imveliso entsha kunye nezinye izinto zegrosari kwiivenkile zasekhaya ngeapp okanye iwebhusayithi. umthombo: https://www.grab.com/mm/mart/ 3. YangonDoor2Door: Eli qonga lisebenza ngokukodwa kwiinkonzo zokuziswa kokutya ngaphakathi kwesixeko saseYangon. Abasebenzisi banokukhangela kwiindawo zokutyela ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo zokutya ezifumaneka kwiwebhusayithi okanye kwi-app kwaye babeke iiodolo zokuhanjiswa ekhaya okanye ukukhetha ukukhetha ngokulula kwabo. iwebhusayithi: https://yangondoordoorexpress.foodpanda.my/ 4. I-Ezay Ecommerce Platform: Ukutya ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo zasemaphandleni zaseMyanmar ngokudibanisa amafama ngokuthe ngqo nabathengi be-intanethi, i-Ezay ibonelela ngemveliso yezolimo njengeziqhamo kunye nemifuno ngeqonga layo ngelixa liqinisekisa amaxabiso afanelekileyo kumacala omabini abandakanyekayo. Iwebhusayithi (iphepha likaFacebook): https://www.facebook.com/EzaySaleOnline 5. I-Bagan Mart Business Directory & Marketplace: I-Bagan Mart isebenza njengoluhlu lweshishini apho amashishini asekhaya anoluhlu lweemveliso / iinkonzo zawo ngelixa enikezela indawo yemarike edibeneyo ye-intanethi ukuze abathengi bafumane iimpahla ezahlukeneyo kubathengisi abahlukeneyo kumashishini amaninzi. umthombo: https://baganmart.com/ Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yamaqonga e-e-commerce abalaseleyo asebenza kwindawo yentengiso yedijithali eMyanmar. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukufumaneka kunye nokuthandwa kunokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yokutshintsha kweemarike; kuyacetyiswa ukuba undwendwele iiwebhusayithi zabo ezisemthethweni okanye uqhube uphando olongezelelweyo ukuze ufumane olona lwazi luhlaziyiweyo kwiiplatifti ze-e-commerce zaseMyanmar.

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, inoluhlu lwamaqonga eendaba ezentlalo adumileyo phakathi kwabantu bayo. Nalu uluhlu lwezinye iindawo eziphambili zenethiwekhi yoluntu eMyanmar kunye newebhusayithi yazo: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com): I-Facebook lelona qonga lidumileyo nelisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimidiya yoluntu eMyanmar. Isebenza njengesixhobo esiphambili sonxibelelwano kubantu, amashishini kunye nemibutho. 2. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com): I-Instagram lelinye iqonga elisetyenziswa kakhulu eMyanmar elaziwa ngokwabelana ngeefoto kunye neevidiyo. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baqhagamshelane nabahlobo, abantu abadumileyo, kunye nabaphembeleli ngomxholo obonakalayo. 3. Viber (www.viber.com): Viber lusetyenziso lwemiyalezo enika imiyalezo ebhaliweyo simahla kunye neefowuni ezifowunelwayo ngoqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi. Ithandwa kakhulu eMyanmar ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo okuphantsi kwedatha xa kuthelekiswa nezinye ii-apps zokufowuna. 4. Isithunywa (www.messenger.com): Iphuhliswe nguFacebook, uMthunywa yi-app yemiyalezo ekhawulezayo esetyenziswa kakhulu eMyanmar kwincoko yomntu okanye yeqela ecaleni kweempawu ezifana nemiyalezo yelizwi kunye neefowuni zevidiyo. 5. Umgca (line.me/en-US/): Umgca yenye i-app yemiyalezo esetyenziswa rhoqo ngabantu baseMyanmar apho banokuthumela khona imiyalezo, benze iifowuni zelizwi okanye zevidiyo, babelane ngeefoto/iividiyo/izitikha/izihluzo ngaphakathi kweengxoxo zobuqu okanye zeqela. . I-6.WeChat: I-WeChat yi-app yaseTshayina esetyenziselwa izinto ezininzi; ibonelela abasebenzisi ngeenkonzo ezinjengokuthumela umyalezo kwangoko, iifowuni zevidiyo/ukuthumela imiyalezo/imidlalo yevidiyo/ukufundwa/ukufunda/intlawulo ye-imeyile/ukuthengwa kwesabelo njl.njl. 7.TikTok(https://www.tiktok.com/zh-Hant/ ): ITikTok ifumene ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi abancinci njengoko ivumela ukwabelana ngeevidiyo ezimfutshane ezisetiweyo kumculo ngelixa ibandakanya iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokubonwayo. 8.YouTube(https://www.youtube.com): IYouTube ibonelela ngeenkonzo zokwabelana ngevidiyo apho abasebenzisi banokufaka iividiyo zabo okanye babukele umxholo othunyelwe ngabanye.IMyanmar ibone ukusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo kweli qonga kutshanje. 9.LinkedIn(https://www.linkedin.com): I-LinkedIn igxile ikakhulu kunxibelelwano lobuchwephesha kunye namathuba emisebenzi. Uninzi lweengcali kunye nemibutho yaseMyanmar isebenzisa eli qonga ngeenjongo zomsebenzi. Ezi zezinye zeendawo eziphambili zeendaba zoluntu eziye zafumana ukuthandwa eMyanmar. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuthandwa kwala maqonga kunokwahluka ngokusekwe kumaqela obudala, imidla, kunye nokufikeleleka kwe-intanethi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yelizwe.

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia. Inoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo kunye namashishini ahlukeneyo adlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwayo. Eminye yemibutho emikhulu yoshishino eMyanmar kunye neewebhusayithi zabo zidweliswe ngezantsi: 1. I-Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry (UMFCCI) - I-UMFCCI ngumbutho oyintloko omele amashishini kunye namashishini eMyanmar. Banikezela ngenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo, amathuba onxibelelwano, kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso yoshishino. umthombo: http://www.umfcci.com.mm/ 2. I-Myanmar Garment Manufacturers Association (MGMA) - I-MGMA imele imboni yokuvelisa iimpahla eMyanmar. Basebenzela ukukhuthaza nokuxhasa ukukhula kweli candelo. umthombo: https://myanmargarments.org/ 3. IMyanmar Construction Entrepreneurs Association (MCEA) - i-MCEA ngumbutho oxhasa oosomashishini bokwakha ngokubanika ulwazi, uqeqesho, kunye nezikhokelo zokuphucula izakhono zabo kunye nobuchule babo. umthombo: http://www.mceamyanmar.org/ 4. IMyanmar Retailers Association (MRA) - i-MRA izinikele ekukhuthazeni nasekuqhubeleni phambili ishishini lokuthengisa eMyanmar ngokubhengezwa, amaqonga okwabelana ngolwazi, kunye nokusebenzisana kwezoshishino. umthombo: https://myanretail.com/ 5. I-Myanmar Rice Merchants Association (MRMA) - i-MRMA imele abathengisi berayisi ababandakanyekayo ekuthengiseni irayisi ngaphakathi kweMyanmar nakwamanye amazwe. Iwebhusayithi: N/A 6. I-Union of Myanma Exporters' Associations (UMEA) - I-UMEA ijolise ekukhuthazeni ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso ezifana nophando lwemarike, imisebenzi yokukhuthaza urhwebo, iinkqubo zokuxhobisa abathumeli ngaphandle. umthombo: http://umea-myanmar.com/ 7. I-Mandalay Region Chamber of Commerce & Industry (MRCCI) - I-MRCCI ixhasa amashishini asebenza ngokuyinhloko kwingingqi yaseMandalay ngeziganeko zothungelwano lwezoshishino, imiboniso yemiboniso yorhwebo phakathi kwezinye. umthombo: https://mrcci.org.mm/ Le yimizekelo nje embalwa; IMyanmar inamanye amaqumrhu oshishino aquka amacandelo afana nezolimo, ukhenketho, itekhnoloji, nokunye. Umbutho ngamnye udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni nasekukhuthazeni umdla wamashishini awo ahlukeneyo kweli lizwe.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

IMyanmar, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBurma, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia noqoqosho olukhulayo kunye nokwandisa umdla kubatyali-mali bamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yoko, kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo ezinikezelwe ekunikezeni ulwazi ngamathuba oshishino kunye notyalo-mali eMyanmar. Nazi ezinye zeewebhusayithi ezibalaseleyo zoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo eMyanmar kunye nee-URL zazo: 1. UMphathiswa wezoRhwebo (www.commerce.gov.mm): Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeSebe lezoRhwebo ibonelela ngolwazi oluhlaziyiweyo malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo, imimiselo, amathuba otyalo-mali, kunye nohlalutyo lwemarike eMyanmar. 2. ICandelo loTyalo-mali kunye noLawulo lweNkampani (www.dica.gov.mm): Iwebhusayithi ye-DICA inikezela ngolwazi olubanzi ngeenkqubo zobhaliso lwenkampani, imithetho yotyalo-mali, imimiselo yabatyali-zimali bamazwe angaphandle, kunye nohlaziyo kumacandelo angundoqo kutyalo-mali. 3. I-Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce & Industry (www.umfcci.com.mm): I-UMFCCI imele umdla wamashishini abucala eMyanmar. Iwebhusayithi yabo ibonelela ngeendaba ezinxulumene neshishini, ikhalenda yeziganeko zamathuba onxibelelwano, uluhlu lwamalungu, kunye nezixhobo zokwenza ishishini eMyanmar. 4. IBhanki yeHlabathi - Ukwenza uShishino - eMyanmar (www.doingbusiness.org/en/data/exploreeconomies/myanmar): Eli phepha lewebhu leBhanki yeHlabathi yeProjekthi yokwenza ishishini ligxile kuphela ekuboneleleni ngolwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nokuqalisa ishishini eMyanmar njengemimiselo enxulumene noku. iimvume zokwakha, ezijongene namaphepha-mvume/amaphepha-mvume/iinkqubo zobhaliso ezifunekayo kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezifanelekileyo. 5. Tyala iYangon (investyangon.gov.mm) - Tyala iYangon isebenza njengeqonga elisemthethweni elenziwe nguRhulumente weNgingqi yaseYangon ezinikele ekutsaleni utyalo-mali lwangaphandle kulo mmandla ngokunikezela ngenkxaso eyaneleyo ngeenkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo ezibandakanya iinkcukacha zokufunyanwa komhlaba kunye nokuqonda. kumacandelo ekujoliswe kuwo kugxilwe kwikomkhulu layo - iYangon. 6. I-Mizzima Business Weekly (www.mizzimaburmese.com/category/business-news/burmese/): I-Mizzima yi-arhente yeendaba ye-intanethi equka amacandelo ahlukeneyo aquka imali kunye nohlaziyo lweshishini lebhanki ngelixa libonisa udliwano-ndlebe kunye nabaphathi abaphezulu, uhlalutyo lomgaqo-nkqubo, kunye neendaba. kwiindlela zotyalo-mali eMyanmar. 7. IMyanmar Business Today (www.mmbiztoday.com): Ijenali yoshishino eyaziwayo enikezela ngamanqaku eendaba ahlaziywayo kumacandelo ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo ukusuka kwezolimo ukuya kukhenketho, ezezimali ukuya kwizindlu nomhlaba, urhwebo ukuya kunxibelelwano ngefowuni – ethatha uluhlu olubanzi lolwazi olubalulekileyo. kubantu abanomdla kubume beshishini belizwe. Ezi webhusayithi zinika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kwimeko yezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo zaseMyanmar. Abasebenzisi banokufikelela kulwazi malunga nemigaqo, imigaqo-nkqubo, amathuba otyalo-mali, iingxelo zophando lwemarike, iintsingiselo zeshishini phakathi kwezinye ezifunekayo ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo malunga nokwenza ishishini okanye ukutyala imali kweli lizwe lisahlumayo.

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

Nazi ezinye iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yorhwebo yeMyanmar: 1. IMyanmar Trade Portal - Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yoMphathiswa wezoRhwebo eMyanmar, enikezela ngedatha epheleleyo yorhwebo kunye neenkcukacha-manani. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://www.myanmartradeportal.gov.mm 2. I-Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) - Iwebhusayithi ye-CSO inikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweenkcukacha-manani zoqoqosho kunye norhwebo lwaseMyanmar, kubandakanywa ukungenisa, ukuthumela ngaphandle, kunye nebhalansi yedatha yorhwebo. umthombo: http://mmsis.gov.mm 3. I-ASEANstats - Lo vimba weenkcukacha-manani wommandla uquka ulwazi lwezorhwebo kumazwe angamalungu, kuquka neMyanmar. Abasebenzisi banokufikelela kwizalathisi ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho kunye nezibalo zorhwebo. Iwebhusayithi: https://data.aseanstats.org 4. I-United Nations COMTRADE Database - Lo vimba weenkcukacha wehlabathi ubonelela ngokufikelela kwidatha eneenkcukacha yorhwebo lwamazwe amabini kumazwe angaphezu kwe-170, kubandakanywa neMyanmar. Abasebenzisi banokukhangela ngokwelizwe, imveliso, okanye ixesha. umthombo: https://comtrade.un.org 5. IMaphu yoRhwebo yeZiko loRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (ITC)-Isixhobo esibanzi esinikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani ezineenkcukacha zokungeniswa nokuthumela ngaphandle kumazwe ngamazwe, kuquka neMyanmar. umthombo: https://www.trademap.org 6. IBhanki yeDatha yeBhanki yeBhanki - Eli qonga libonelela ngokufikelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwezalathisi zophuhliso lwehlabathi kunye neenkcukacha zezoqoqosho ezivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo ebandakanya izibalo zokurhweba ngempahla yamazwe ngamazwe eMyanmar. Iwebhusayithi: https://databank.worldbank.org/home.aspx

amaqonga B2b

EMyanmar, kukho iiplatifti ezininzi ze-B2B ezibonelela ngamathuba okuba amashishini adibanise kwaye asebenzisane. Nazi iiplatifomu ezimbalwa ezibalaseleyo ezineewebhusayithi zazo: 1. Bizbuysell Myanmar (www.bizbuysell.com.mm): Eli qonga libonelela ngendawo yokuthengisa nokuthenga amashishini. Ivumela abanini bamashishini ukuba badwelise amashishini abo athengiswayo kunye nabathengi abanokubakho ukuba bakhangele ngeendlela ezikhoyo. 2. Inethiwekhi yoShishino lwaseMyanmar (www.myanmarbusinessnetwork.net): Eli qonga lisebenza njengeqonga lonxibelelwano, elidibanisa amashishini asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe asebenza eMyanmar. Ibenza babelane ngolwazi, benze intsebenziswano, kwaye bajonge amathuba oshishino. 3. I-BaganTrade (www.bagantrade.com): I-BaganTrade liqonga lokurhweba nge-intanethi eliququzelela urhwebo lwasekhaya nolwamazwe ngamazwe kumacandelo awohlukeneyo afana nezolimo, ulwakhiwo, amalaphu, ukhathalelo lwempilo, nokunye. 4. I-Global Trade Portal (gtp.com.mm): Ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zorhwebo ezibanzi eMyanmar ukususela ngo-2009, iGlobal Trade Portal ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezalathiso zoshishino ezinxulumene namashishini ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi elizweni. 5. I-BuyerSeller.asia (myanmar.buyerseller.asia) - Eli qonga lidibanisa abathengi kunye nabathengisi ngokunika indawo yokuthengisa ye-intanethi apho iinkampani zingabonisa iimveliso okanye iinkonzo zabo ezibangelwa intsebenziswano okanye intsebenziswano. 6. I-ConnectNGet (i-connectnget.com) - I-ConnectNGet isebenza njengomlamli wokudibanisa i-B2B ngokudibanisa amashishini asekelwe kwiimfuno zecandelo lemveliso okanye iimfuno zokubonelela ngemveliso ngaphakathi kweemarike zaseMyanmar. 7.TradeKey.my – Le portal yeB2B yehlabathi inamacandelo azinikeleyo kumazwe ahlukeneyo aquka iMyanmar(https://www.tradekey.my/mmy-ernumen.htm). Amashishini anokwenza iiprofayili kule ndawo apho banokubonisa khona iimveliso / iinkonzo zabo; ikwanceda abasebenzisi ekufumaneni ababoneleli/abathengi abanokubakho elizweni. La maqonga abonelela ngeendlela zokukhula kweshishini ngokwenza unxibelelwano phakathi kwabavelisi/abanikezeli bendawo kunye nabasasazo/abathengi belizwe/bamazwe ngamazwe okanye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqumrhu ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yoshishino yaseMyanmar.
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