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Iimarike eziphambili
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Ilizwe jikelele
I-Australia, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njenge-Commonwealth yase-Australia, lilizwe elikhulu elikumazantsi e-hemisphere. Lilizwe lesithandathu ngobukhulu kwihlabathi xa lilonke, lithatha malunga ne-7.7 yezigidi zeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha. IOstreliya idume ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezizodwa kunye neendawo ezibukekayo ezintle. Ibandakanya indalo eyohlukeneyo ukusuka kwiGreat Barrier Reef, enye yezona zinto zimangalisayo zendalo ezimangalisayo emhlabeni, ukuya kwintlango efana ne-Outback, egubungela indawo enkulu yelizwekazi elingaphakathi. Isizwe sinabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-25. Ikomkhulu layo yiCanberra, kodwa iSydney sesona sixeko sikhulu nesona sinabantu abaninzi. IsiNgesi lulwimi olusemthethweni oluthethwa kulo lonke elaseOstreliya. IOstreliya inomgangatho ophakamileyo wokuphila kwaye ikwinqanaba eliphezulu kwiiindices ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi ezinjengomgangatho wezempilo, amandla enkqubo yemfundo, kunye nenkululeko yezoqoqosho. Uqoqosho lwayo luphuhliswe kakuhle kunye namacandelo anamandla afana nemigodi (amalahle kunye nentsimbi ekrwada), ezolimo (ingqolowa kunye noboya), ukuveliswa (iimoto kunye noomatshini), ukhenketho (ingakumbi ngenxa yeempawu ze-iconic ezifana ne-Ayers Rock okanye i-Uluru), kunye neshishini leenkonzo. exhasa icandelo lezobuchwepheshe elikhulayo. Inkqubo yezopolitiko eOstreliya isekwe kwidemokhrasi kunye noKumkanikazi uElizabeth II amkelwa njengoKumkanikazi waseOstreliya. Urhulumente usebenza phantsi kolawulo lomgaqo-siseko wepalamente kunye neNkulumbuso ekhethiweyo ekhokelayo. Kukho amazwe amathandathu - iNew South Wales, iVictoria, iQueensland, iSouth Australia, iWestern Australia - kunye nemimandla emibini emikhulu yelizwekazi - iAustralian Capital Territory (UMTHETHO) apho iCanberra ilele kunye neNorthern Territory- bonke banoorhulumente babo abasebenza kunye kwimiba yesizwe. inkcubeko Australian iingcambu nzulu Aboriginal ukuthandana emva phezu 60 millennia xa abantu bomthonyama kuqala bazinza kulo mhlaba; bayaqhubeka nokubamba ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko namhlanje ecaleni kwamaqela abafuduki bamva nje abavela kwihlabathi liphela abaye babumba uluntu lwale mihla lwaseOstreliya olunikezela ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zokutya, umdaniso, umculo, imidlalo phakathi kwabanye. Ukuqukumbela, iOstreliya ibalasele kungekuphela nje ngobuhle bayo bendalo obumangalisayo kodwa noqoqosho lwayo olukhulayo, imfundo ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye neenkqubo zokhathalelo lwempilo, kunye noluntu oludlamkileyo lweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo oluyenza ibe yindawo enqwenelekayo yokuhamba nokuhlala.
Imali yeSizwe
Imali yaseOstreliya yidola yaseOstreliya (AUD). Ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi "Aussie" kwiingxoxo ezingekho sesikweni. Idola yase-Australia yimali esemthethweni yase-Australia kunye nemimandla yayo yangaphandle, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanye amazwe eSiqithi sePasifiki. Idola yaseOstreliya yahlulahlulwe yaziisenti ezili-100, kukho iingqekembe ezifumaneka kwiisenti ezi-5, ezili-10, ezingama-20 nezingama-50. Imali engamaphepha ikhutshwa ngokweenkolo zeedola ezi-5, iidola ezili-10, iidola ezingama-20, iidola ezingama-50 kunye needola ezili-100. I-Australia inenkqubo yezemali yanamhlanje enoqoqosho oluzinzileyo oluqhuba kakuhle kwinqanaba lehlabathi. I-Reserve Bank yase-Australia (i-RBA) yibhanki ephakathi ejongene nokukhupha nokulawula idola yase-Australia. I-RBA idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni uzinzo lwamaxabiso nokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho. Iidola zaseOstreliya zamkelwa ngokubanzi ngaphakathi elizweni kwiintengiselwano zemihla ngemihla ezifana nokuthenga, ukutya ngaphandle, okanye ukuhlawula amatyala. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngelixa amakhadi okuthenga ngetyala anjengeVisa okanye i-Mastercard amkelwa kwiindawo ezininzi kubandakanya iihotele kunye nabathengisi abakhulu; amaziko amancinane okanye iindawo zasemaphandleni zingakhetha iintlawulo zemali. Iinkonzo zotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle zifumaneka lula kulo lonke elaseOstreliya kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya okanye kwiibhanki ukuba ufuna ukuguqula imali yakho ibe yi-AUD. Ukongeza, ii-ATM zinokufumaneka ngokulula kuzo zonke izixeko apho unokutsala imali usebenzisa ikhadi lakho lebhanki lebhanki lamazwe ngamazwe. Lilonke, imeko yemali yaseOstreliya ijikeleza uqoqosho lwayo oluzinzileyo oluxhaswa ziinkqubo zebhanki ezisebenzayo kunye nokufumaneka okuthe ngqo kweenkozo zombini kunye namanqaku kuzo zonke iimvaba ezahlukeneyo zenza kube lula kubantu basekhaya kunye nabakhenkethi ngokufanayo ukuphatha utshintshiselwano lwemali ngokufanelekileyo.
Imali yokutshintsha
Imali yaseOstreliya esemthethweni yiDola yaseOstreliya (AUD). Imilinganiselo yotshintshiselwano eqikelelweyo ye-AUD ngeemali ezinkulu zezi zilandelayo: I-1 AUD = 0.74 USD 1 AUD = 0,60 EUR I-1 AUD = 53.47 JPY I-1 AUD = 0.51 GBP I-1 AUD = 0,92 CAD Nceda uqaphele ukuba la maxabiso ayalatha kwaye angohluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemarike kunye nezinye izinto ezichaphazela amaxabiso otshintshiselwano lwangaphandle.
Iiholide ezibalulekileyo
IOstreliya ineeholide zesizwe eziliqela ezibalulekileyo ezibhiyozelwa unyaka wonke. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo yi-Australia Day, ewela ngoJanuwari 26. Ikhumbula ukufika kweFirst Fleet eSydney Cove ngo-1788 kwaye iphawula ukuqala kobukoloniyali baseYurophu eOstreliya. Olu suku ludla ngokuba nemibhiyozo eyahlukahlukeneyo, njengokutya inyama, iikonsathi, imingcelele, nemiboniso yeziqhushumbisi. Enye iholide ebalulekileyo yi-Anzac Day ngo-Aprili 25. Ihlonipha kwaye ikhumbula bonke abantu base-Australia abaye bakhonza kwaye bafa kwiimfazwe zomkhosi ukususela kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I. Iinkonzo zokusa, iimatshi, kunye nemikhosi yesikhumbuzo yenzeka kwilizwe lonke ukuhlawula inkalipho kunye nokuzincama kwabo. I-Ista ikwayiholide ebalulekileyo ebhiyozelwa kwilizwe lonke. Kwenzeka phakathi kuka-Matshi no-Aprili nyaka ngamnye kwaye kukhunjulwa ukuvuka kukaYesu Kristu kwabafileyo emva kokubethelelwa kwakhe. Abantu base-Australia bakholisa ukonwabela impelaveki ende kunye neendibano zosapho, ukuzingela amaqanda kubantwana, iinkonzo zecawe, imigidi, ipikniki okanye iiBBQ. Ukongeza kwezi holide zesizwe, ilizwe ngalinye likwabhiyozela iiholide zalo zoluntu ezibambe ukubaluleka kwengingqi. Eminye imizekelo luSuku lwaBasebenzi (kumazwe ahlukeneyo ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo), usuku lokuzalwa lukaKumkanikazi (ngoMvulo wesibini ngoJuni ngaphandle kweNtshona Ostreliya), uSuku lweNdebe yeAdelaide (ngoMvulo wesibini ngoMatshi), uSuku lweNdebe yeMelbourne (ngoLwesibini wokuqala ngoNovemba), ukubiza nje abambalwa. Ngokubanzi, le minyhadala inika abantu base-Australia ithuba lokuhlangana njengesizwe okanye uluntu ukuze babhiyozele inkcubeko yabo kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni ngelixa behlonipha iziganeko zembali okanye abantu abaye babumba ubuni belizwe labo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Imeko yoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
I-Australia ngumdlali obalaseleyo wehlabathi malunga norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iguquke yaba luqoqosho oluphuhliswe kakhulu noludityanisiweyo lwehlabathi, oluxhomekeke kakhulu kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukuze luphumelele. Eli lizwe lidume ngobutyebi obunobutyebi bendalo obufana namalahle, intsimbi ekrwada, igolide negesi yendalo. Iprofayile yase-Australia yokuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle ilawulwa kakhulu zimveliso, izimbiwa kunye namafutha abandakanya isambuku sokuthumela ngaphandle. Amalahle yeyona mveliso iphambili yaseOstreliya ethunyelwa ngaphandle, ilandelwa ngokusondeleyo yintsimbi negolide. Ezi zixhobo zifunwa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi ukusuka e-China nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia ajonge ukufaka amafutha kumashishini abo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iinkonzo ziye zaba licandelo elibaluleke kakhulu ekuthumeleni ngaphandle kwe-Australia. Iinkonzo ezifana nezemfundo, ukhenketho, iinkonzo zemali, kunye neenkonzo zobungcali zinegalelo elikhulu kwingeniso yelizwe evela kurhwebo. Ngokubhekiselele kumaqabane orhwebo, i-China igqame njengelona qabane likhulu lokurhweba lase-Australia kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nezo zithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ubudlelwane borhwebo phakathi kwala mazwe mabini bukhule kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo ngenxa yemfuno emandla evela e-China yemithombo ye-Australia. Amanye amaqabane aphambili orhwebo aquka iJapan (ingakumbi i-LNG), i-South Korea (indawo ebalulekileyo yezimbiwa), i-Indiya (ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwamalahle), kunye ne-United States. Izivumelwano zorhwebo nala mazwe zenze lula ukufikelela kwiimarike kunye nokomeleza amaqhina kwezoqoqosho. Njengoqoqosho oluvulekileyo olunembali yokukhuthaza izivumelwano zorhwebo zasimahla (ii-FTAs), i-Australia ifuna ngokukhutheleyo iimarike ezintsha kwihlabathi jikelele ukuhlukanisa isiseko sayo sokuthumela ngaphandle. Igqibe iiFTA ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizwe ezinjengeSingapore, Chile, Amazwe aseTshayina e-ASEAN, eJapan, eKorea, kwaye kutsha nje atyikitye isivumelwano se-FTA ne-Indonesia - esijolise ekuphuculeni amathuba okufikelela kwimarike. Lilonke, i-Australia yonwabela ulungelelwaniso olulungileyo lwezorhwebo ngenxa yemizi-mveliso enobutyebi eqhuba ingeniso enkulu yokuthumela ngaphandle; Nangona kunjalo, ikwaxhomekeke kakhulu ekungenisweni ngaphandle-ngokukodwa oomatshini kunye nee-EQs, iimpahla zabathengi, kunye nezithuthi-ukuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwasekhaya kunye neemfuno zemveliso.
Uphuhliso lweMakethi olunokubakho
I-Australia, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiLand Down Under, inamandla amakhulu okwandisa imarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Eli lizwe alinabuchule bejografi kuphela kodwa linoqoqosho olomeleleyo noluzinzileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba libe yindawo enomtsalane kumashishini aphesheya. Okokuqala, iOstreliya inobuncwane obuninzi bendalo obunje ngezimbiwa, oovimba bamandla, kunye neemveliso zolimo. Ezi zixhobo bezisoloko zifunwa kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngezicwangciso zokuthengisa ezisebenzayo kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili, amashishini ase-Australia anokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemarike zamazwe ngamazwe. Okwesibini, i-Australia igcina isakhelo esisemthethweni esomeleleyo esiqinisekisa iindlela zorhwebo ezinobulungisa kwaye ikhusela amalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda. Oku kudala imeko yoshishino encomekayo kubatyali-zimali bangaphandle abafuna ukungena kwimarike yaseOstreliya okanye baseke intsebenziswano neenkampani zalapha ekhaya. Ngaphaya koko, iOstreliya ityikitye izivumelwano zorhwebo ezininzi zasimahla (FTAs) kunye namazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi FTAs ​​ziququzelela ukuthotywa kwemirhumo okanye ukupheliswa kwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle phakathi kwamazwe angamahlakani. Umzekelo, iSivumelwano se-China-Australia yoRhwebo oluKhululekayo (i-ChaFTA) silukhulise kakhulu urhwebo lwamazwe amabini phakathi kwezi zizwe zibini ukusukela ekuphunyezweni kwaso ngo-2015. Ngaphaya koko, ukuba kufutshane kwe-Australia e-Asiya kubonisa amathuba amakhulu ngokumalunga nokuthunyelwa kweempahla kunye neenkonzo kwiimarike ezikhula ngokukhawuleza ezifana ne-China ne-Indiya. Ukunyuka komgangatho ophakathi kolu qoqosho lwase-Asia kufuna iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kumacandelo afana nezolimo, iinkonzo zempilo, iinkonzo zemfundo phakathi kwezinye i-Australia egqwesileyo kuzo. Ukongeza, i-Australia inabasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu kunye nobuchule kumacandelo ahlukeneyo abandakanya iinkonzo zezemali, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji, uphando lwezenzululwazi oluyenye i-asethi yokwandisa amathuba orhwebo lwangaphandle. Nangona kunjalo; ngelixa ukuhlola iimarike ezintsha phesheya kubambe amandla amakhulu okukhula; Iinkampani ezijonge ukwanda kwimakethi yaseOstreliya zinokujongana nemingeni eliqela efana nomahluko ngokwenkcubeko kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo zolawulo kumashishini athile anjengokutya & neziselo okanye amayeza ngenxa yokuqiniswa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko enyanzeliswa ngabasemagunyeni . Ukuququmbela; ithathela ingqalelo izixhobo zayo zendalo ezityebileyo, indawo ecwangcisiweyo, isakhelo esisemthethweni esisekwe kakuhle, iphothifoliyo yangoku yeFTAs, ukuba kufutshane neAsia kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule obuphezulu zichume kwaye ziphumelele kobu qoqosho buguqukayo.
Iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike
Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni iimveliso ezishushu zokuthengisa urhwebo lwangaphandle eOstreliya, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. I-Australia yaziwa ngeemarike ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi, ke ukukhetha iimveliso ezifanelekileyo kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpumelelo yeshishini lakho. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuphanda kunye nokuqonda iimfuno zomthengi wase-Australia kunye nezinto azikhethayo. Abantu base-Australia bagxininise kakhulu kumgangatho, ubuhlobo bendalo, kunye nokuqaphela impilo. Ngoko ke, ukugxila kwiimveliso ezihlangabezana nale migaqo kunokuba lukhetho lobulumko. Ngokomzekelo, ukutya okuphilayo kunye neziselo okanye iinketho zempahla ezinzileyo zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi base-Australia. Ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukhetho lwabathengi, kubalulekile ukuchonga iindlela ezivelayo kwimarike yase-Australia. Ukuhambisana neentsingiselo zangoku kukuvumela ukuba ungene kwimfuno enokubakho ngaphambi kokuba izaliswe lukhuphiswano. Hlala uhlaziywa kwiindlela zefashoni, inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, kunye nokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila elizweni. Ukongeza, thathela ingqalelo nayiphi na imimiselo esemthethweni efana nezatifikethi okanye iimfuneko zokuleyibheli ezithe ngqo kwiindidi ezithile zemveliso eOstreliya. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwale mimiselo kuya kuthintela nayiphi na imiqobo xa ungenisa impahla elizweni. Uphando lwemarike ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokukhethwa kwemveliso. Hlalutya idatha enxulumene nobukhulu bemarike, i-demographics yabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kuyo, uhlalutyo lwabakhuphisana nabo njl., oluya kubonelela ngolwazi kumathuba anokubakho okungenisa inzuzo / amashishini angaphandle. Okokugqibela kodwa okubalulekileyo, ukuseka ubudlelwane nabathengisi basekhaya okanye abathengisi bevenkile kunokunceda ukwandisa ukufikelela kwakho kwaye uncedise ekukhetheni iimveliso ezisebenzayo kurhwebo lwangaphandle eOstreliya. La maqabane anemibono exabisekileyo kwiipateni zemfuno yasekuhlaleni kwaye anokukukhokelela kwizinto ezifunwa kakhulu. Ukuqukumbela, ukukhetha iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu kurhwebo lwangaphandle e-Australia kufuna uphando olucokisekileyo lwezinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi, ulwazi lweendlela ezisakhulayo, ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yomthetho, kunye nokwakha intsebenziswano phakathi kwenethiwekhi yokusasazwa kwendawo. Ngokuqwalasela ngononophelo ezi zinto, unokuphucula amathuba akho. yempumelelo xa ungena kwimarike yaseOstreliya.
Iimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboo
Iimpawu zoMthengi eOstreliya: I-Australia yaziwa ngenkonzo yayo yabathengi enobubele neyamkelekileyo. Abantu baseOstreliya bakuxabisile ukukhawulezisa, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nentlonipho xa kufikwa kunxibelelwano lwabathengi. Bayayixabisa indlela yokwenza umntu ngamnye kwaye balindele ukuba amashishini abonelele ngenqanaba eliphezulu lobungcali. Abantu baseOstreliya bahlala bephumle kwaye bangekho sikweni. Bakhetha ithoni eqhelekileyo kunxibelelwano, ebonakala kwindlela yabo yokuthetha nokubhala ii-imeyile okanye imiyalezo. Ukugcina iincoko zilula kunye nokugcina uburharha kunokunceda ukwakha ubudlelwane nabathengi baseOstreliya. Ubudlelwane bubalulekile kubantu base-Australia xa kufikwa kwintsebenziswano yezoshishino. Ukwakha ukuthembana nabathengi ngonxibelelwano rhoqo kunye nokuphumeza izithembiso kubalulekile. Abantu baseOstreliya badla ngokuba ngabathengi abathembekileyo ukuba baziva bexatyiswe yinkampani. IiTabo zabathengi eOstreliya: Kukho iindlela zokuziphatha ezithile ekufuneka amashishini aziphephe xa esebenzisana nabathengi baseOstreliya: 1. Ukutyhala kakhulu: Abantu base-Australia bakhetha indlela yokuthengisa ekhululekileyo. Basenokuziva bengakhululekanga ukuba abameli bokuthengisa beza benobundlobongela obugqithisileyo okanye abanganyanisekanga. 2. Ukungahoyi iimfuno zabathengi: I-Aussies iyayixabisa ingqalelo yobuqu evela kumashishini aziqondayo iimfuno zabo okanye iinkxalabo zabo. 3. Ukungabambeki ngexesha: Njengabantu abathanda ixesha, abantu baseOstreliya balindele ukufika ngexesha kwiinkampani ngexesha leedinga okanye ekuhanjisweni kweenkonzo. 4. Ukungabikho elubala: Ukunganyaniseki okanye ukubamba inkcazelo efanelekileyo kunokonakalisa ukuthembana phakathi kweshishini nomthengi. 5.Ukuba sesikweni okugqithisileyo: Ngelixa ukuba nembeko kubalulekile, ulwimi olusesikweni ngokugqithisileyo okanye iiprothokholi ezingqongqo zinokubonwa njengezingekho ngokwemvelo kubathengi base-Australia. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu kunye nokuphepha ezi taboos kuya kuhamba indlela ende ekusekeni ubudlelwane obuqinileyo kunye nabathengi base-Australia, ukuqinisekisa amava alungileyo kuwo omabini amaqela abandakanyekayo.
Inkqubo yolawulo lweCustoms
I-Australia inenkqubo engqongqo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye nenkqubo yezithethe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko lwemida yayo. I-Australian Border Force (ABF) inoxanduva lokulawula kunye nokunyanzelisa le mimiselo. Xa ungena e-Australia, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zamasiko. Okokuqala, bonke abahambi kufuneka bachaze izinto ezithile xa befika, njengokutya, izinto zezityalo, imipu namayeza. Ukungaphumeleli ukuvakalisa ezi zinto kunokukhokelela kwizohlwayo okanye izohlwayo. Kukwakho nezithintelo zokuzisa iimpahla ezithile elizweni. Ngokomzekelo, kukho imida ekuziseni imidiza kunye neemveliso zecuba ukuze uzisebenzisele wena. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge iwebhusayithi ye-Australian Customs uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezinto ezithintelweyo ngaphambi kokuhamba. Abakhweli basenokufuna ukudlula kwiinkqubo zokuhlola izithethe kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya okanye kumazibuko. Oku kunokubandakanya ukujongwa kwempahla kusetyenziswa oomatshini beX-reyi okanye ukuhlolwa ngesandla ngamagosa. Ukongeza, iindwendwe zinokubuzwa imibuzo malunga nenjongo yokutyelela okanye ixesha lokuhlala. Imithetho yase-Australia yokuvalelwa kwabantu yedwa ingqongqo ngakumbi ngenxa yeenkxalabo malunga nokukhusela iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo elizweni. Abahambi bafanele balumke xa bezisa naziphi na izinto zezityalo (kuquka imbewu), iimveliso zezilwanyana ezifana noboya okanye iintsiba, okanye imveliso entsha ngaphandle kweemvume ezifanelekileyo. Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuba onke amaxwebhu okuhamba ayimfuneko athathwe ngexesha lokungena e-Australia. Ipaspoti esebenzayo enamaxwebhu afanelekileyo e-visa iyafuneka kwiindwendwe ezininzi ngaphandle kokuba zivela kumazwe angenayo i-visa. Ngamafutshane, xa undwendwela i-Australia umntu kufuneka aziqhelanise nemigaqo engqongqo yezithethe kwaye ayithobele ngokufanelekileyo. Ukubhengeza izinto ezithintelweyo ekufikeni kunye nokuthobela imithetho yokuvalelwa kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni inkqubo yokungena egudileyo ngelixa ihlonipha iinzame zokukhuselwa kwendalo yase-Australia.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu
IOstreliya lilizwe elilandela umgaqo-nkqubo ongqongqo werhafu yokungenisa iimpahla ezingena kwimida yalo. Urhulumente waseOstreliya umisela irhafu kwizinto ezisuka kwamanye amazwe ukuze kukhuselwe imizi-mveliso yasekhaya nokuqinisekisa ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo. Ezi rhafu zaziwa njengemirhumo okanye iirhafu, kwaye iirhafu zazo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso. I-Australian Customs and Border Protection Service ilawula ezi rhafu, ezihlawuliswa ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lempahla engenisiweyo. Amaxabiso anokuqala ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kumakhulu aliqela epesenti, kunye nomyinge ophakathi kwe-5%. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amacandelo anovakalelo afana nezolimo kunye neempahla ezilukiweyo anamaxabiso aphezulu aphezulu. Kukwakho nemisebenzi ethile eyenzelwe ukukhusela amashishini asekuhlaleni okanye ukulungisa izivumelwano zorhwebo namanye amazwe. Umzekelo, iOstreliya ingene kwiZivumelwano zoRhwebo lwaMahla (FTAs) namazwe ahlukeneyo afana neTshayina, iJapan, iSouth Korea, namanye. Phantsi kwezi FTAs, iimveliso ezithile zinokuzuza kumazinga acuthiweyo okanye ukungabikho kwerhafu ukuba ziyahlangabezana nemigaqo ekuvunyelwene ngayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba impahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle exabisa ngaphantsi kwe-AU$1000 (okwangoku) ayitsali nawuphi na umrhumo wempahla neenkonzo kodwa isenokungena kwiRhafu yeeMpahla neeNkonzo (GST), emiselwe ngoku kwi-10%. Nangona kunjalo, lo mqobo unokutshintsha amaxesha ngamaxesha ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. Lilonke, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa elizweni wase-Australia ujonge ukulingana phakathi kokukhusela amashishini asekhaya ngelixa uququzelela urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ikhuthaza ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo ngokuqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle zikhuphisana ngokufanelekileyo nezinto eziveliswe kweli lizwe ngokwexabiso kunye nomgangatho lo gama ibonelela ngengeniso kurhulumente ngeerhafu ezibekwe kwiimveliso zangaphandle ezingena kwimarike yeli lizwe.
Iipolisi zerhafu ezithumela ngaphandle
Umgaqo-nkqubo waseOstreliya wokurhafisa izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ujolise ekukhuthazeni ukukhula koqoqosho, ukukhuthaza amashishini asekuhlaleni, nokungenisa imali kurhulumente. Ilizwe libeka iirhafu ezahlukeneyo kwizinto ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokukhusela abavelisi basekhaya. Omnye wemigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu engundoqo yiRhafu yeeMpahla neeNkonzo (GST), esebenzisa irhafu eyi-10% kwiimpahla ezininzi ezithengiswa ngaphakathi eOstreliya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngokubanzi kukhululwa kwi-GST, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zase-Australia zihlala zikhuphisana kwiimarike zaphesheya. Ukongeza, izinto zorhwebo ezithile zinokuxhomekeke kwiirhafu ezithe ngqo zokuthumela ngaphandle okanye kwiirhafu. Ezi rhafu ziqhele ukunyanzeliswa kwimithombo yendalo efana namalahle, intsimbi ekrwada, kunye nepetroleum. Ingeniso efunyenwe kwezi rhafu isoloko isetyenziselwa uphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo okanye amaphulo okusingqongileyo. Ngaphezu koko, i-Australia inenkqubo yezivumelwano zorhwebo namanye amazwe alawula amaxabiso erhafu kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Izivumelwano zorhwebo zasimahla zijolise ekunciphiseni okanye ekupheliseni imirhumo kwiimveliso ezithile ezirhwebayo phakathi kwezizwe, ukukhuthaza ubudlelwane borhwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabini ngeli lixa kudalwa amathuba abo bathumela kumazwe angaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba urhulumente wase-Australia ngamaxesha athile uphonononga imigaqo-nkqubo yakhe yerhafu ekuphenduleni ukuguquka kwezinto eziphambili kwezoqoqosho okanye iimeko zemarike yehlabathi. Ke ngoko, abathumeli bangaphandle kufuneka bahlale benolwazi ngalo naluphi na uhlaziyo okanye utshintsho olwenziwe ngabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle yase-Australia ixhasa amashishini asekhaya kunye nokhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe ngokubonelela ngenkuthazo kubathengisi ngaphandle ngelixa ukhusela abavelisi basekhaya ngeerhafu ekujoliswe kuzo kunye nokukhululwa.
Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo zokuthumela ngaphandle
I-Australia iyaziwa ngoshishino lwangaphandle olunamandla kwaye inenkqubo elungelelaniswe kakuhle yokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokunyaniseka kokuthunyelwa kwayo ngaphandle. Ilizwe lineenkqubo ezingqongqo zokukhutshwa kwezatifikethi zokuthumela ngaphandle ekufuneka abathengisi bangaphandle babambelele kuzo. Esinye sezatifikethi eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle e-Australia yi-logo yase-Australian Made. Le logo luphawu olwamkelwa ngokubanzi lweempahla ezenziwe okanye ezikhuliswe eOstreliya, umqondiso womgangatho, ukhuseleko, kunye nemigangatho yokuziphatha. Iqinisekisa abathengi ngaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe ukuba bathenga iimveliso zokwenyani zaseOstreliya. Ukuze ufanelekele i-logo ye-Australian Made, iimveliso kufuneka zihlangabezane neendlela ezithile ezichazwe yi-Australian Made Campaign Ltd (AMCL). Ezi nqobo zokugweba zibandakanya inguqu enkulu eyenzekayo ngaphakathi eOstreliya, ubuncinci i-50% yeendleko zemveliso ezenziwe eOstreliya. Iimveliso kufuneka zisebenzise izithako ezibalulekileyo zasekuhlaleni okanye iinxalenye apho kufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, iinkampani ezijonge ukuthumela ngaphandle imveliso yezolimo eOstreliya kufuneka zifumane iSatifikethi sePhytosanitary kwiSebe lezoLimo, Amanzi kunye nokusiNgqongileyo. Esi satifikethi siqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezisekelwe kwizityalo ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ye-phytosanitary kunye nokunciphisa nayiphi na ingozi ehambelana nezinambuzane okanye izifo ngexesha lokuthutha. Esinye isiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo esifunwa ngamazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi jikelele siSatifikethi seMvelaphi (COO). Olu xwebhu lungqina ukuba iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zifunyanwa ngokupheleleyo, ziveliswa, zenziwe okanye zisetyenzwa ngaphakathi eOstreliya njengoko kuchaziwe phantsi kwemithetho efanelekileyo yemvelaphi. Ngaphandle kwezi ziqinisekiso ngokubanzi, amashishini athile aneemfuno zawo ezikhethekileyo zokuthumela iimpahla ngaphandle kwe-Australia. Ngokomzekelo, abathumeli bangaphandle abajongene nemveliso yezinto eziphilayo banokufumana isatifikethi se-organic phantsi kwezicwangciso ezaziwayo ezifana ne-NASA Certified Organic (NCO) okanye iilogo eziqinisekisiweyo ze-ACO. Ngokubanzi, ngezi ziqinisekiso zothunyelo kumazwe angaphandle kunye neendlela eziphunyeziweyo kuzwelonke kumashishini afana nezolimo kunye namacandelo emveliso phakathi kwamanye; abathengi banokuthembela ngokuzithemba ekuthengeni iimveliso zokwenyani ezivela e-Australia ngelixa begcina imigangatho esemgangathweni ehambelana neemfuno zentengiso yehlabathi.
Ulungiselelo lolungiselelo olucetyiswayo
IOstreliya yaziwa ngeendawo zayo ezinkulu, izixeko ezineenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, kunye nezilwanyana zasendle ezikhethekileyo. Xa kuziwa kulungiselelo kunye nokuthutha kweli lizwe, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Okokuqala, iOstreliya lilizwe elikhulu ngokwejografi elinabemi abambalwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba uthungelwano lwezothutho luphuhlisiwe ukuze luthwale imigama emide ngokufanelekileyo. Iinkonzo zothutho ngomoya ziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa okucacileyo okanye okuthatha ixesha phakathi kwezixeko ezikhulu. Umzekelo, iQantas Freight ibonelela ngeenkonzo ezibanzi zomthwalo wasekhaya ezidibanisa zonke izixeko ezikhulu zaseOstreliya. Okwesibini, iOstreliya inothungelwano lwendlela oluphuhliswe kakuhle olugubungela ilizwe lonke. Uthutho ezindleleni ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhambiseni iimpahla ngaphakathi naphakathi kwemimandla yengingqi apho iinkonzo zikaloliwe okanye zothutho ngenqwelomoya zinokufikelelwa kancinci. Iinkampani ezifana neQela loRhafiso zisebenza ngokukhethekileyo kwizisombululo zelori, zibonelela ngeenkonzo ezibanzi zothutho ezindleleni kwilizwe liphela. Ngaphaya koko, imimandla eselunxwemeni yaseOstreliya ixhomekeke kakhulu kuthungelwano lwaselwandle ngenxa yemeko yayo njengelizwekazi lesiqithi elijikelezwe ziilwandlekazi. Amazibuko amakhulu anjengezibuko laseMelbourne kunye nePort of Sydney asebenza njengamasango abalulekileyo orhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iinkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawe ezifana neMaersk Line zibonelela ngeendlela zokuthutha eziqhelekileyo ezidibanisa amazibuko aseOstreliya neendawo zokusingwa kwihlabathi liphela. Ukongeza kwiindlela zolungiselelo lwemveli, iOstreliya ibone ukonyuka komsebenzi we-e-commerce kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ngenani elikhulayo labantu abathengayo kwi-Intanethi ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ukhetho olusebenzayo lweemayile zokugqibela sele luyimfuneko. Iinkampani ezifana ne-Australia Post zibonelela ngeenkonzo zeposi kunye nekhuriya kwilizwe lonke. Okokugqibela, ngenxa yemithetho engqongqo ye-biosecurity enyanzeliswa ngabasemagunyeni base-Australia, kubalulekile ukuqonda iinkqubo zesithethe xa ungenisa okanye uthumela iimpahla elizweni. Ukubonisana nabarhwebi bamasiko abanamava njenge-DHL Global Forwarding kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni imisebenzi yothutho egudileyo ngelixa ithobela yonke imimiselo eyimfuneko. Ukuqukumbela, imbonakalo-mhlaba yolungiselelo lwase-Australia ibandakanya indibaniselwano yothutho lomoya lokuhamba ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwezixeko ezikhulu; ukuthuthwa ezindleleni ukugubungela imigama emide; inqanawa yaselwandle yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe; iinketho zonikezelo lweemayile zokugqibela ezisebenzayo ezilungiselelwe urhwebo lwe-e-commerce; kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigaqo engqongqo yezithethe ezikhokelwa ngabarhwebi abanamava. Lilonke, iOstreliya ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo zolungiselelo ukuxhasa ukuhamba kweempahla kulo lonke eli lizwe likhulu nelahlukeneyo.
Imijelo yophuhliso lwabathengi

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

I-Australia yaziwa ngoqoqosho lwayo oluluqilima kunye noluhlu lwamashishini ahlukeneyo, atsala abathengi abaninzi bamazwe aphesheya ngokufumana iimveliso kunye nokuseka intsebenziswano yeshishini. Kukho amajelo abalulekileyo okuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudibaniseni ababoneleli base-Australia nabathengi behlabathi. Enye yeendlela eziphambili zokuthengwa kwamazwe ngamazwe e-Australia liqonga le-intanethi elibizwa ngokuba yi "Australian Exporters." Isebenza njengoluhlu lwamashishini ase-Australia kuwo wonke amacandelo ahlukeneyo, iququzelela ukuhamba okulula kunye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwababoneleli basekhaya kunye nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Iqonga livumela abathengi baphesheya ukuba bakhangele iimveliso okanye iinkonzo ezithile abanomdla wokuzifumana eOstreliya. Elinye ijelo elibalaseleyo lokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe ngamaphulo karhulumente wase-Australia afana ne-Austrade (iKomishoni yoRhwebo yase-Australia) kunye ne-AusIndustry. Le mibutho ikhuthaza urhwebo lwaphesheya ngokuququzelela imisebenzi yorhwebo, iinkqubo zokuthelekisa amashishini, kunye neesemina zoshishino. Baququzelela uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kweenkampani zase-Australia ezijonge ukuthumela ngaphandle iimpahla okanye iinkonzo zabo kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abanokuthi babonise umdla wokubambisana nabalingane base-Australia. Ukongeza kula matshaneli, kukwakho nemiboniso zorhwebo emininzi ebanjelwe unyaka wonke etsala abathengi ababalulekileyo bamazwe ngamazwe abasuka kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Omnye umnyhadala onjalo nguMnyhadala woKutya waMazwe ngaMazwe waseSydney, obonisa ishishini lokutya elidlamkileyo laseOstreliya kwiimarike zasekhaya nezangaphandle. Lo mnyhadala awubonisi nje uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso zokutya kodwa ukwabonelela ngamathuba othungelwano apho amashishini anokudibana nabantu abanokuba ngabangenisa kumazwe angaphandle abavela kwihlabathi liphela. Omnye umboniso obalulekileyo worhwebo yi "PACIFIC," ebanjwe kabini eSydney. Ijolise ekuboniseni itekhnoloji ye-cutting-edge, izixhobo, kunye neenkqubo ezinxulumene nezakhono zokukhusela iinqanawa. Lo mnyhadala utsala amagosa aphambili okuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo aphuma kwimibutho yezokhuselo kwihlabathi liphela eza kuphonononga izisombululo ezitsha ezibonelelwa ziinkampani zase-Australia kweli candelo. Ngaphaya koko, iMelbourne International Furniture Fair (MIFF) ibonelela ngokukodwa abavelisi befanitshala, abayili, abasasazi, abathengisi kunye nabayili bezakhiwo kunye nabayili bangaphakathi abafuna iimveliso zefanitshala ezisemgangathweni ezenziwe eOstreliya. I-MIFF ibonelela ngeqonga eligqwesileyo lokunxibelelana neempawu zefanitshala ezaziwayo zehlabathi ngelixa ivumela abathengisi basekhaya ukuba baqaqambise ubugcisa babo. Eminye imiboniso yorhwebo ephawulekayo iquka i-Australian Toy Hobby kunye neFayi yeLayisensi eMelbourne, itsala abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna iithoyi ezintsha, imidlalo, kunye namathuba okufumana ilayisensi evela eOstreliya. Ukongeza, kukho uMboniso weeMoto waMazwe ngaMazwe waseBrisbane, otsalela ingqalelo kwiingcali zezemoto kwihlabathi jikelele ezinomdla wokujonga uphuhliso lwamva nje kwicandelo lezemoto laseOstreliya. Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yamajelo amaninzi kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo ekhoyo ukuqhagamshela abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe kunye nababoneleli abavela e-Australia. Ngoqoqosho lwayo olomeleleyo kunye namashishini ahlukeneyo, i-Australia ibonelela ngamathuba amaninzi okufumana imveliso yehlabathi kunye nophuhliso lweshishini.
I-Australia, ekubeni lilizwe elihambele phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, ineenjini zokukhangela ezininzi ezidumileyo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngabemi bayo. Ezinye zeenjini zokukhangela eziqhele ukusetyenziswa eOstreliya ziquka: 1. Google (https://www.google.com.au) UGoogle yeyona njini yokukhangela yehlabathi kwaye ikwayeyona idumileyo kubasebenzisi be-intanethi eOstreliya. Ibonelela ngewebhu ebanzi kunye namandla okukhangela umfanekiso. 2. I-Bing (https://www.bing.com.au) I-Bing yenye injini yokukhangela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi e-Australia ebonelela ngeempawu ezibanzi zokukhangela kwiwebhu. Ibonelela ngezixhobo ezizodwa ezifana nomfanekiso, ividiyo, iindaba, kunye nokhangelo lwemephu. 3. Yahoo (https://au.yahoo.com) I-Yahoo ihlala ingumdlali obalulekileyo kwimarike ye-injini yokukhangela yase-Australia kunye noluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo ezibandakanya ukukhangela, i-imeyile, uhlaziyo lweendaba, umxholo wokuzonwabisa, kunye nokunye. 4. IdadaDuckGo (https://duckduckgo.com) IDuckDuckGo yaziwa ngokuma kwayo yabucala eyomeleleyo njengoko ingalandeli idatha yomsebenzisi okanye iinkcukacha zobuqu ngelixa ibonelela ngezakhono zokukhangela kwiwebhu ezomeleleyo kubasebenzisi baseOstreliya. 5. I-Ecosia (https://www.ecosia.org/) I-Ecosia yinjini yokukhangela ehambelana nokusingqongileyo esebenzisa ingeniso yentengiso ukutyala imithi kwihlabathi jikelele. Ifumene ukuthandwa phakathi kwabantu base-Australia abakhathalela indalo abafuna ukufaka isandla ngokufanelekileyo ngelixa besebenzisa isixhobo sokukhangela esisebenzayo. 6. Uphendlo lweSafari (https://search.safari-search.net/) Uphendlo lweSafari lulongezelelo lomkhangeli zincwadi olunikezela ngamava okukhangela akhawulezayo nakhuselekileyo kubantu baseOstreliya ngokusebenzisa imithombo evela kubaboneleli abohlukeneyo abathembekileyo. 7. OzBargain (https://www.ozbargain.com.au/) I-OzBargain ayisiyiyo injini yokukhangela yesiqhelo kodwa liqonga loluntu apho abantu base-Australia banokufumana amaxabiso amahle kwilizwe liphela ngokwabelana ngolwazi oluveliswe ngumsebenzisi ngezaphulelo kwiindidi ezininzi. Ezi zezinye zeenjini zokukhangela eziqhele ukusetyenziswa eOstreliya ukusukela ngoku; nangona kunjalo, ukhetho lunokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngetekhnoloji eguqukayo kunye nabangeneli abatsha kwimarike.

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

Awona maphepha aphambili aseOstreliya atyheli ngala: 1. Yellow Pages Ostreliya: Olu lulawulo olusemthethweni lwe-intanethi lwamashishini aseOstreliya. Ibonelela ngolwazi loqhagamshelwano, iimephu, kunye nophononongo kumashishini ahlukeneyo kwilizwe liphela. umthombo: www.yellowpages.com.au 2. I-White Pages Australia: Olu luhlu ludwelisa iinombolo zefowuni zendawo yokuhlala, iidilesi, kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zabantu baseOstreliya. Unokukhangela abantu ngamagama okanye idilesi kwiwebhusayithi yabo. umthombo: www.whitepages.com.au 3. INdawo eyiNyaniso: INdawo eyiNyaniso luluhlu lweshishini lasekhaya oludumileyo oluvumela abasebenzisi ukukhangela amashishini ngendawo kunye nodidi. Ikwabonelela ngophononongo lwabathengi kunye neereyithingi ukunceda abasebenzisi ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha iinkonzo okanye iimveliso. umthombo: www.truelocal.com.au 4. I-Yelp Australia: I-Yelp yiwebhusayithi yophononongo eyaziwa ngokubanzi apho unokufumana khona amashishini asekhaya, ufunde uphononongo lwabathengi, ujonge iifoto, kwaye ufumane izalathiso eziya kwiindawo zabo. Banesiseko sedatha esibanzi samashishini aseOstreliya athatha amashishini ahlukeneyo. umthombo: www.yelp.com.au 5.Yellowbook.com.au : Olu luhlu lwamaphepha atyheli akwi-intanethi luvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafumane amashishini asekelwe kwindawo okanye uhlobo loshishino kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yase-Australia. 6.Dlook.com.au : I-Dlook liqonga loluhlu lwamashishini olusebenzisanayo apho unokufumana iinkampani zasekhaya zase-Australia ngokusekelwe kwiimveliso kunye neenkonzo zabo. Ezi nkcukacha ziyimizekelo nje embalwa yokhetho oluninzi olukhoyo eOstreliya ukufumana ulwazi malunga namashishini, iinkonzo, kunye nabantu abasebenzisa amaphepha atyheli kwi-intanethi.

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

IOstreliya, ekubeni lilizwe eliphuhlileyo elinezinga eliphezulu lokungena kwi-intanethi, linamaqonga amaninzi abalaseleyo e-e-commerce. Nazi ezona ziphambili kunye nee-URL zazo: 1. I-Amazon Australia - www.amazon.com.au: Inguqulelo yase-Australia ye-giant yehlabathi, inika uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. 2. I-eBay Australia - www.ebay.com.au: Indawo yokuthengisa ethandwayo kwi-intanethi apho abantu kunye namashishini banokuthenga kwaye bathengise izinto ezintsha okanye ezisetyenzisiweyo. 3. Kogan.com - www.kogan.com/au: Iyaziwa ngamaxabiso ayo akhuphisanayo, iKogan ibonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zombane zabathengi ezinjengee-smartphones, iiTV, kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya. 4. Bamba - www.catch.com.au: Ekuqaleni eyaziwa ngokuba yiCatch of the Day, ibonelela ngeentengiso kuluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso ezibandakanya ifashoni, izixhobo zasekhaya, izixhobo zombane, nokunye. 5. I-JB Hi-Fi - www.jbhifi.com.au: Iqonga elaziwayo elikhethekileyo kubathengi be-elektroniki njengeekhompyutha, ii-smartphones, iikhonsoli zokudlala kunye nezixhobo. 6. I-Iconic - www.theiconic.com.au: Iqonga lefashoni eliphambili elibonelela ngezinto zempahla ezisuka kwiibrendi ezaziwayo zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe zeempahla zamadoda ukuya kwezabasetyhini. 7. Woolworths Online –www.shop.woolworths.com.au : Iqonga lokuthenga igrosari kwi-intanethi elibonelela ngeegrosari ezahlukeneyo kuquka nokutya okutsha okuziswa emnyango wakho 8.Coles Online- https://shop.coles.com.au : Ngokufanayo no Woolworths kwi-intanethi ibonelela ngeegrosari eziziswe emnyango wakho 9.Qantas Shopping-https://shopping.qantaspoints-offers.qantaspoints-deals.aeviayzn.net Oko kukuvumela ukuba uthenge kwiibrendi ezahlukeneyo usebenzisa iiQantas Points ezizuzwa ngeenqwelomoya okanye eminye imisebenzi enxulumene neQantas Airways. Ezi zezinye zamaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce asebenza eOstreliya; kukho abanye abaninzi abajongana neemarike ze-niche okanye amashishini athile afana nefenitshala (umzekelo, iTempile & Webster), iimpahla zezilwanyana (umzekelo, uPetbarn), okanye iimveliso zempilo kunye nobuhle (umzekelo, iChemist Warehouse).

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

IOstreliya lilizwe elaziwa ngenkcubeko yalo edlamkileyo yentlalo kunye noluntu oluchumayo lwe-intanethi. Kukho amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo adumileyo asetyenziswa kakhulu ngabantu base-Australia ukunxibelelana kunye nokwabelana. 1. I-Facebook (https://www.facebook.com): I-Facebook lelona qonga lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwinethiwekhi yoluntu eOstreliya. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze iiprofayili, banxibelelane nabahlobo, babelane ngohlaziyo, iifoto, iividiyo, kwaye bajoyine amaqela ahlukeneyo okanye uluntu. 2. Instagram (https://www.instagram.com): Ifoto edumileyo kunye neqonga lokwabelana ngevidiyo e-Australia. Abasebenzisi banokulandela iiprofayili zomnye kwaye bajonge umxholo osekelwe kwii-hashtag okanye iindawo. 3. Twitter (https://www.twitter.com): I-Twitter lelinye iqonga lemidiya yoluntu elisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo e-Australia apho abasebenzisi banokwabelana ngemiyalezo emifutshane okanye iitweets nabalandeli babo. Inika uhlaziyo lweendaba ngexesha lokwenyani, izihloko ezihamba phambili, kwaye ivumela unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo ngokukhankanya. 4. I-LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com): I-LinkedIn yindawo yokunxibelelana yobuchwephesha edibanisa iingcali ezivela kumashishini ahlukeneyo e-Australia. Inceda abasebenzisi ukwakha inethiwekhi yobuchwephesha, ukukhangela amathuba emisebenzi, kunye nokwabelana ngomxholo onxulumene neshishini. 5. I-Snapchat (https://www.snapchat.com): I-Snapchat yi-app yemiyalezo ye-multimedia esetyenziswa ngokubanzi phakathi kwewaka lewaka lase-Australia ukuthumela imifanekiso okanye iividiyo ezithi zinyamalale emva kokujongwa ngummkeli. 6. I-TikTok ( https://www.tiktok.com/ ): I-TikTok ifumene ukuthandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje phakathi kolutsha lwase-Australia ngeevidiyo zayo ezifutshane ezibonisa ubuchule bokuyila kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. 7.YouTube( https://youtube.com) : I-YouTube inikezela ngengqokelela ebanzi yesiqulatho esiveliswe ngumsebenzisi kubandakanya iividiyo zomculo, ii-tutorials vlogs iikliphu zemiboniso bhanyabhanya iikhonsathi kunye nemiboniso ephilayo njl. I-8.Reddit ( https://reddit.com ): I-Reddit iye yanda kakhulu phakathi kwabantu base-Australia njengeforamu yengxoxo ye-intanethi apho banokubandakanya abantu abanengqondo efanayo kwizihloko ezahlukeneyo zomdla ngokusebenzisa i-subreddits. 9.Whatsapp: Nangona i-WhatsApp ingelilo iqonga leendaba lentlalo kanye lihlala lithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu base-Australia njengoko livumela ukuthumela imiyalezo yabucala, ilizwi kunye neefowuni zevidiyo zencoko yeqela kunye nokwabelana ngevidiyo. I-10.I-Discord (https://discord.com): Iphuhliswe okokuqala kubadlali begeyimu, iDiscord ibonelela ngelizwi, ividiyo, kunye namaqonga onxibelelwano ombhalo ovumela abantu base-Australia ukuba baqhagamshelane noluntu olugxile kwimidla ekwabelwana ngayo nokuba kukudlala okanye nasiphi na esinye isihloko. La maqonga eendaba ezentlalo adlala indima ebalulekileyo kumhlaba wedijithali wase-Australia, ukudibanisa abantu abavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokubonelela ngeqonga lokuzibonakalisa, ukunxibelelana, kunye nokuhlala uhlaziywa ngeziganeko zangoku.

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

IOstreliya inoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo olunamacandelo ahlukeneyo oshishino, ngalinye linemibutho yalo ebalaseleyo yoshishino. Nantsi eminye yemibutho emikhulu yoshishino eOstreliya kunye neewebhusayithi zabo: 1. I-Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ACCI) - www.australianchamber.com.au Ukumela amagumbi okurhweba kunye namashishini kulo lonke elase-Australia, i-ACCI igxile ekukhuthazeni imigaqo-nkqubo ekhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho kunye nommandla wezoshishino oxhasayo. 2. I-Australian Industry Group (iQela le-Ai) - www.aigroup.com.au Iqela le-Ai limele amashishini kwimveliso, ukwakha, ubunjineli, kunye namanye amacandelo. Banikezela ngenkxaso, iingcebiso malunga nobudlelwane emsebenzini, iinkonzo zoqeqesho kumalungu. 3. Umbutho weSizwe wokuThengisa (NRA) - www.nra.net.au I-NRA yintlangano emele icandelo lokuthengisa e-Australia ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso kubathengisi abafana neengcebiso zomthetho kunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho lokuthengisa. 4. I-Master Builders Association yase-Australia (MBAA) - www.masterbuilders.com.au I-MBAA izinikele ekumeleleni ishishini lokwakha kunye nolwakhiwo ngokubonelela ngezibonelelo ezifana neenkqubo zoqeqesho, ubuchule bobugcisa, kunye nokukhuthaza umgaqo-nkqubo. 5. IBhunga leZimbiwa lase-Australia (MCA) - www.minerals.org.au Yasekwa ukumela iinkampani zokuhlola izimbiwa ezisebenza kwicandelo lezemigodi lase-Australia, i-MCA ijolise ekukhuthazeni izenzo ezizinzileyo ngelixa ikhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo enxulumene nemigodi. 6. IForam yoKhenketho noThutho (TTF) - www.ttf.org.au I-TTF imele abadlali abaphambili abasuka kwicandelo lezokhenketho kuquka iinkampani zeenqwelo moya, amakhonkco eehotele, abakhenkethi njl.njl., ejolise kuphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo oxhasa ukukhula kokhenketho notyalo-mali. 7. IBhunga leeNkonzo zeZimali (FSC) - www.fsc.org.au I-FSC liqumrhu elimele amaziko emali afana neebhanki, iinkampani ze-inshorensi njl. Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yemibutho ebalaseleyo yoshishino eOstreliya; nangona kunjalo amanye amacandelo amaninzi nawo anamaqela awo ahlukeneyo oshishino amele umdla wawo kumanqanaba kazwelonke nawesizwe. Kufanelekile ukuphonononga ngakumbi ngokusekelwe kushishino oluthile lomdla.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

I-Australia, njengenye yezoqoqosho eziphambili kummandla we-Asia-Pacific, inoluhlu lwewebhusayithi yezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo ezibonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo kumashishini nakubantu ngabanye. Nazi ezinye ezibalaseleyo: 1. ISebe leMicimbi yaNgaphandle noRhwebo (DFAT) - Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni karhulumente enoxanduva lobudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe e-Australia, kuquka imigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo, izivumelwano, kunye nemiba yokufikelela kwimarike. umthombo: https://www.dfat.gov.au/trade/ 2. I-Austrade - i-arhente kazwelonke yase-Australia yokukhuthaza urhwebo notyalo-mali phesheya kolwandle. Ibonelela ngezibonelelo eziyimfuneko kumathuba okuthumela ngaphandle, iingxelo zobuntlola kwimarike, imisitho, kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso. umthombo: https://www.austrade.gov.au/ 3. Business.gov.au - Esi siza sinikezela ngolwazi olubanzi ngokuqalisa ishishini e-Australia njengezikhokelo zolawulo, iimfuno zerhafu, iinketho zemali, iimvume/iinkqubo zeelayisenisi njl.njl. umthombo: https://www.business.gov.au/ 4. I-Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) - I-ABS inikezela ngeenkcukacha manani ezoqoqosho malunga nemiba eyahlukeneyo yoqoqosho lwase-Australia kuquka izinga lokukhula kwe-GDP, idatha yokusebenza kweshishini njl. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://www.abs.gov.au 5. I-Reserve Bank yase-Australia (i-RBA) - Njengebhanki engundoqo yelizwe; Iwebhusayithi ye-RBA iqulethe ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nokuguquguquka kwenzala; uphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo wemali njl.njl., oluchaphazela ngqo izigqibo zocwangciso lwezemali zamashishini. umthombo: https://www.rba.gov.au/ 6. I-Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) - i-ASX yi-stock exchange yase-Australia ephambili apho iinkampani zinokudwelisa izabelo zabo zokuthengisa uluntu; inika uluhlu olubanzi lwedatha yezemali ukunceda abatyali-mali benze izigqibo ezinolwazi. umthombo: https://www.asx.com.au/ 7. I-Export Council of Australia (ECA) - I-ECA ixhasa amashishini amancinci ukuya kwaphakathi ngeenzame zawo zokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle ngokubonelela ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho lokuthumela ngaphandle eziyilelwe ukwakha izakhono eziyimfuneko kwizicwangciso zempumelelo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. iwebhusayithi: http://exportcouncil.kuwaitchamber.org.kw/ 8. Iiwebhusayithi zemibutho engqamene nemizi-mveliso – amashishini ase-Australia afana nezolimo, ezemigodi, ukhenketho, njalo njalo, anemibutho ethile exhasa amacandelo ahlukeneyo. Le mibutho ibonelela ngeendaba ezinxulumene neshishini kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso yeshishini. Umzekelo: - Imanyano yamaFama kaZwelonke (NFF) - https://www.nff.org.au/ - IBhunga leziMbiwa zaseOstreliya - https://minerals.org.au/ Ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngobutyebi bolwazi obunokuphucula kakhulu ukuqonda kwakho imeko yezoqoqosho yaseOstreliya kwaye kube lula ukubandakanyeka kwakho kwimisebenzi yorhwebo yelizwe.

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zemibuzo yorhwebo eOstreliya ezibonelela ngolwazi malunga nemisebenzi yorhwebo yelizwe. Nalu uluhlu lwezinye zezi webhusayithi kunye nee-URL zazo: 1. I-Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) - I-ABS ibonelela ngeenkcukacha-manani ezibanzi kwimiba eyahlukeneyo, kuquka urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iwebhusayithi yabo ivumela abasebenzisi ukukhangela ukungenisa kunye nokuthumela idatha ngempahla, ilizwe, kunye nezinye iindlela. Iwebhusayithi: www.abs.gov.au 2. ISebe leMicimbi yezaNgaphandle kunye noRhwebo (DFAT) - i-DFAT's TradeStats Express ibonelela ngofikelelo kulwazi lweenkcukacha-manani oluneenkcukacha malunga nokuthunyelwa kwe-Australia kunye nokuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla. Abasebenzisi banokuphonononga iimveliso ezithile okanye amashishini ohlalutyo lorhwebo. iwebhusayithi: www.dfat.gov.au/trade/statistics/Pages/tradestats-express.aspx 3. I-Austrade - I-Austrade yi-arhente kaRhulumente wase-Australia enoxanduva lokukhuthaza urhwebo, utyalo-mali, kunye namathuba emfundo yamazwe ngamazwe. Isixhobo sabo se-Market Insight Tool sivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baphonononge idatha yorhwebo ngokwelizwe okanye icandelo ukuchonga iimarike ezinokubakho okanye amathuba oshishino. iwebhusayithi: www.austrade.gov.au/international/invest/market-insights/economies 4. IKomishoni yoRhwebo kunye noTyalo-mali yase-Australia (i-AusTrade) - i-AusTrade inikezela ngezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo kuphuhliso lwemarike yokuthumela ngaphandle, izikhokelo zoshishino, ukuqonda kweemarike, njl., eyenza amashishini aqonde iimeko zemarike kumazwe ekujoliswe kuwo ngaphambi kokubandakanyeka kwiintengiselwano zorhwebo zehlabathi. iwebhusayithi: www.austrade.gov.au/ 5.Trademap- I-Trademap liqonga elisebenziseka lula elibonelela ngeenkcukacha-manani zorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukusuka kwimithombo emininzi kwihlabathi jikelele kuquka i-Australia. iwebhusayithi: https://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProduct.aspx?nvpm=1%7c036%7cTOTAL+ALL+PRODUCTS&utm_campaign=News&utm_medium=Email&utm_source=Newsletter Ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngezixhobo ezixabisekileyo kubantu kunye namashishini anomdla ekuphononongeni ukusebenza kwe-Australia yorhwebo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo afana neempahla ezithengiswayo, amazwe amaqabane / imimandla ebandakanyeka kurhwebo lwamazwe amabini, iindlela zangoku, njl. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezinye zezi webhusayithi zinokufuna ukubhaliswa okanye zibe nemida ekufikeleleni idatha ethile, kodwa ngokubanzi zibonelela ngobutyebi bolwazi ukuncedisa uhlalutyo lwezorhwebo kunye nokwenza izigqibo.

amaqonga B2b

I-Australia likhaya kwiiplatifti ezininzi ze-B2B ezikhonza amashishini ahlukeneyo kunye namacandelo. Nazi ezinye ezibalaseleyo: 1. I-Alibaba yase-Australia (www.alibaba.com.au): Eli qonga lidumileyo le-B2B yehlabathi lidibanisa amashishini ase-Australia kunye nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe kunye nababoneleli. Inika uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso kwiindidi ezininzi. 2. TradeAustralia (www.tradeaustralia.com.au): Eli qonga linikezelwe ekukhuthazeni iimveliso kunye neenkonzo zaseAussie kwihlabathi jikelele. Inceda amashishini asekuhlaleni aqhagamshelane nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe, ibonelela ngeembono zemarike, kwaye inika inkxaso kwimisebenzi yorhwebo. 3. I-eWorldTrade Australia (www.australia.eworldtrade.com): Indawo yentengiso ye-B2B ekwi-intanethi eyenza ukuba amashishini ase-Australia abonise iimveliso/iinkonzo zawo kubaphulaphuli abahlukeneyo behlabathi ukuze kwandiswe isiseko sabathengi bawo. 4. I-IndustrySearch (www.industrysearch.com.au): Igxile kwimpahla kunye neenkonzo zoshishino, eli qonga livumela abavelisi base-Australia, ababoneleli, kunye nabasasazi ukuba baqhagamshelane nabo banokuba ngabathengi ngaphakathi elizweni. 5. I-FoodService yase-Australia (www.foodserviceaustralia.com.au): Yenzelwe ngokukodwa ishishini lenkonzo yokutya, le webhusayithi ye-B2B idibanisa iindawo zokutyela, iikhefi, iihotele, kunye neenkampani zokutya kunye nabanikezeli beemveliso zokutya kunye nezixhobo. 6. I-Sourcing City (sourcingcity.net.au): Iqonga lokufumana ukutya okukhethekileyo kwishishini lemveliso yokuthengisa e-Australia ngokudibanisa abasasazi kunye nabathengisi bevenkile / ababoneleli ababonelela ngezinto ezinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso. 7. Ithenda yaseFama (www.farmtender.com.au): Indawo yokuthengisa ekhethekileyo yecandelo lezolimo apho amafama anokuthenga okanye athengise oomatshini/izixhobo kunye nezinye izinto zorhwebo ezifana nemfuyo okanye izityalo. 8.MachineSales AU(https://www.machinesales.com/aus/onlineauction.cfm?manu_search=ENGEL&model_search=ALL&region_search=AUSTRALIA) :Iifandesi zezixhobo zoomatshini.Ukuvumela abavelisi, ababoneleli, kunye nabathengi abaphuma kumashishini ahlukeneyo adibana kwiqonga elinye. . La maqonga abonelela ngendlela kumashishini aseOstreliya kuwo onke amacandelo ahlukeneyo ukuba aqhagamshele, akhuthaze iimveliso / iinkonzo zawo, kwaye andise ukufikelela kwawo ekhaya nakwihlabathi jikelele.
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