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Iimarike eziphambili
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Ilizwe jikelele
IBhutan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengoBukumkani baseBhutan, lilizwe elivaliweyo elikwiMpuma yeHimalaya. Umda weTshayina ukuya emantla kunye neIndiya emazantsi, empuma nasentshona. Ngabemi abangaphezu kwe-750,000 yabantu, iBhutan idume ngokuba yenye yezona zikumkani zokugqibela zamaBhuda zehlabathi. Eli lizwe linendawo yeentaba ezinencopho ezifikelela kwi-7,500 yeemitha. Ijografi yayo emangalisayo iquka iintlambo ezinzulu, amahlathi ashinyeneyo, nemilambo engumkhenkce enegalelo kubuhle bayo bendalo obumangalisayo. Urhulumente ulawula ngokungqongqo ukhenketho ukuze kugcinwe indawo ekhethekileyo yaseBhutan kunye nenkcubeko. IBhutan isebenzisa ifilosofi ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yiGross National Happiness (GNH). Le ngcamango igxininisa uphuhliso olupheleleyo olusekelwe kwimpilo-ntle yokomoya kunokuba ubutyebi bezinto eziphathekayo kuphela. Urhulumente ubeka phambili izikhombisi zolonwabo ezifana nezempilo, imfundo, ukugcinwa kwenkcubeko, kunye nokugcinwa kwendalo. I-Thimphu yidolophu enkulu yaseBhutan kunye neyona ndawo inkulu edolophini. Idibanisa izitayile zoyilo lwemveli kunye nophuhliso lwangoku ngelixa igcina umoya ozolileyo. UbuBuddha buchaphazela kakhulu ubomi bemihla ngemihla eBhutan; izindlu zoonongendi kunye neetempile zithe saa kulo lonke ilizwe zibonisa iiflegi zomthandazo eziphaphazelayo kunye nendalo. Uqoqosho lwaseBhutan ngokuyinhloko luxhomekeke kwezolimo (kubandakanywa nokuveliswa kwerayisi), amashishini asekelwe kumahlathi afana nefenitshala eyenziwa kwizibonelelo ezizinzileyo ezifana ne-bamboo okanye imithi evela kumahlathi alawulwayo; Ukuveliswa kombane osebenza ngamanzi umele elinye icandelo elibalulekileyo lokwenza ingeniso. Imfundo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni uluntu apha; izikolo zifundisa imigaqo yobuBhuda kunye nezifundo eziqhelekileyo kuwo onke amanqanaba emfundo. Ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zempilo zasimahla nako kubonelelwa kuzwelonke ngamaziko ezempilo ahlukeneyo axhotyiswe ngamaziko onyango asisiseko. Kwiminyaka yakutsha nje kubekho iinzame ezenziweyo ekuphuculeni iziseko zophuhliso ngokusetyenziswa kweeprojekthi zolwakhiwo lweendlela ezidibanisa iindawo ezikude ebezingafikelelwa zizithuthi. Nangona kunjalo, ukhenketho luhlala lulinganiselwe ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu ze-visa ezifuna ukuba iindwendwe zibhukishe iihambo zazo ngokusebenzisa abakhenkethi abagunyazisiweyo. Ekugqibeleni, iBhutan ime ngaphandle kwezinye iintlanga ngokugxila ekuphuhliseni okuqhubekayo, ukugcinwa kwenkcubeko kunye nolonwabo njengenjongo yesizwe. Ngemihlaba eyoyikisayo kunye nokuzinikela ekugcineni isithethe, iBhutan ngokwenene ihlala ililizwe elikhethekileyo nelinomtsalane.
Imali yeSizwe
IBhutan, ilizwe elincinane elivaliweyo elikwiMpuma yeHimalaya, inemali yayo ekhethekileyo eyaziwa ngokuba yiBhutanese ngultrum (BTN). Yaziswa kwi-1974, i-ngultrum yimali esemthethweni yaseBhutan kwaye ibonakaliswe ngesimboli esithi "Nu." Ixabiso lokutshintshiselana kwengultrum liqingqelwe kwi-Indian rupee (INR) kumyinge we-1:1. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-1 Bhutanese ngultrum ilingana ne-1 yase-Indian rupee. Zombini iimali zingasetyenziswa ngokutshintshana ngaphakathi kweBhutan, kodwa amanqaku e-BTN kuphela kunye neengqekembe zemali zamkelwe njengethenda esemthethweni. Ngokuphathelele kwiinkonzo, ii-banknotes zaseBhutanese zikhutshwe kwiixabiso zeNu.1, Nu.5, Nu.10, Nu.20, Nu.50, Nu.100, kunye neNu.500; ngelixa iingqekembe ziza kwiinkonzo zeChhertum (ezilingana ne-25 chhertums zenza iNgultrum enye) - njengeChhertums -20P / 25P / 50P kunye neNgqekembe enye yeNgultrum. Ngelixa uhamba ukuya eBhutan ukusuka kwamanye amazwe okanye ukucwangcisa ukuguqulwa kwemali ngaphambi kokufika kunokubonakala kuyimfuneko ngenxa yenkqubo yayo yemali ekhethekileyo; amashishini amaninzi amkela iimali ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe njengeeDola zase-US kunye nee-Euro zokuthenga ezinkulu okanye iintlawulo kwiihotele. Nangona kunjalo kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusebenzisa iimali zamazwe ngamazwe kungenza izinga eliphezulu lotshintshiselwano xa kuthelekiswa nokusebenzisa imali yasekhaya. Ukuqinisekisa amava angenayo inkathazo ngelixa u tyelela iBhutan okanye uqhuba ukuthengiselana ngaphakathi kwelizwe ngokwalo, kuya kuba ngcono ukuba abahambi okanye abakhenkethi abavakashela eBhutan baphathe inani lemali yasekhaya (i-Ngultrums) yokuthenga okuncinci kunye neemali zamazwe ngamazwe njengeedola zase-US. iintengiselwano ezinkulu ukuba ziyafuneka. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uqinisekise kunye neebhanki zasekuhlaleni okanye abatshintshi bemali abagunyazisiweyo malunga naziphi na iimfuno ezongezelelweyo okanye izithintelo xa utshintshisa iimali zangaphandle kwiNgultrums ngaphambi kohambo, njengoko imeko yemali inokwahluka kumaxesha ngamaxesha. Ngokubanzi, imeko yemali yaseBhutan ijikeleza iBhutan ngultrum ibe ithenda yayo esemthethweni kunye nezinga lotshintshiselwano olusisigxina kwi-rupee yaseIndiya. Abahambi bayacetyiswa ukuba babe nokudibanisa kweemali zasekhaya kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe ngelixa betyelela iBhutan ukuze bafumane amava emali agudileyo.
Imali yokutshintsha
Imali esemthethweni yaseBhutan yiBhutan ngultrum (BTN). Ngokumalunga nemilinganiselo yotshintshiselwano eqikelelwayo yeemali ezinkulu, nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi ntlawulo zinokutshintsha kwaye zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemarike. Nalu uqikelelo olurhabaxa ukusukela ngoMatshi ka-2022: - 1 US Dollar (USD) iphantse ilingane ne-77.50 Bhutan ngultrums. - 1 Euro (EUR) iphantse ilingane ne-84.50 ngultrums yaseBhutan. - 1 British Pound (GBP) iphantse ilingane ne-107.00 ngultrums yaseBhutan. - 1 Yen yaseJapan (JPY) iphantse ilingane ne-0.70 Bhutanese ngultrum. Nceda ugcine engqondweni ukuba la manani anikezelwa njengolwazi oluqhelekileyo kwaye akufanele athathwe njengexesha langempela okanye amaxabiso otshintshiselwano olusemthethweni. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhangele kwiziko lezemali okanye umthombo othembekileyo ngezona milinganiselo zichanekileyo nezihlaziyiweyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze naluphi na utshintsho lwemali.
Iiholide ezibalulekileyo
IBhutan lilizwe elincinci elivaliweyo elikwiMpuma yeHimalaya. Iyaziwa ngenxa yelifa lenkcubeko elityebileyo kunye nezithethe ezikhethekileyo, ezibonakaliswa kwimithendeleko yayo eyahlukeneyo. Nantsi iminyhadala ebalulekileyo ebhiyozelwa eBhutan: 1. Umnyhadala weTsechu: I-Tsechus yiminyhadala yenkolo yaminyaka le ebhiyozelwa kwiimonki ezahlukeneyo kunye neenqaba (iinqaba) kulo lonke elaseBhutan. Le minyhadala idla ngokuthatha iintsuku ezininzi kwaye ibandakanya imidaniso efihlakeleyo kunye nemidlalo yenkcubeko edlamkileyo. Umnyhadala weTsechu ukhumbula ukuzalwa kukaGuru Rinpoche, ingcwele engumxhasi waseBhutan. 2. I-Paro Tshechu: Enye yeefesti ezidumileyo kunye nezibalulekileyo eBhutan, i-Paro Tshechu yenzeka rhoqo ngonyaka kwintendelezo yedolophu yaseParo kufuphi ne-iconic Paro Rinpung Dzong-inqaba ye-monastery. Ibonisa imidaniso eyahlukeneyo yemaski, amasiko enkolo, kunye nesinxibo esimibalabala semveli. 3. IPunakha Drubchen & Tshechu: Ibhiyozelwa ePunakha, ikomkhulu lamandulo laseBhutan, lo mbhiyozo udibanisa iziganeko ezibini - iDrubchen (umboniso wedabi lenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo) elandelwa nguTshechu (umnyhadala wonqulo lomdaniso). Kukholelwa ukuba igxotha imimoya engendawo ngelixa ikhuthaza ulonwabo kunye nempumelelo. 4.Wangduephodrang Tshechu: Isithili saseWangduephodrang sisindleka lo mnyhadala udlamkileyo ohlanganisa abantu balapha ukuze badanise ngesigqubuthelo esikhatshwa ngumculo wesintu kunye neengoma. I-5.Haa Summer Festival: Lo mnyhadala ukhethekileyo weentsuku ezimbini ubhiyozela iindlela zokuphila zokuzulazula ngelixa ugcina ulwazi lwemveli malunga nokwalusa. Abakhenkethi banokuzonwabisa ngokutya kwasekhaya, babone imiboniso yabantu kuquka nokhuphiswano lokukhwela i-yak. Le mibhiyozo yonyaka inikezela iindwendwe kwinkcubeko yaseBhutanese, iinkolelo zokomoya kunye nokubonelela ngengqiqo kwindlela yabo yokuphila.
Imeko yoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
IBhutan lilizwe elivaliweyo elikwimpuma yeHimalayas, ijikelezwe yiTshayina emantla kunye neIndiya emazantsi, empuma nasentshona. Nangona ubukhulu bayo buncinci kunye nabemi, iBhutan iye yenza inkqubela phambili enkulu ngokubhekiselele kurhwebo. Uqoqosho lwaseBhutan luxhomekeke kakhulu kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemarike yasekhaya. Ilizwe ngokuyintloko lithumela ngaphandle umbane wamanzi, iiminerali ezifana ne-ferrosilicon kunye nesamente, iimveliso zezolimo ezifana neeapile neeorenji, ukutya okucutshungulweyo, imisebenzi yezandla, iinkonzo zokhenketho (kubandakanya ukhenketho lwendalo), kunye namayeza esintu. I-Indiya lelona qabane likhulu lokurhweba laseBhutan njengoko yabelana ngobudlelwane obusondeleyo boqoqosho nelizwe. Uninzi lwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kweBhutan zithunyelwa eIndiya. Impahla ephambili evela eIndiya ibandakanya amafutha (imveliso yepetroleum), izithuthi, oomatshini & nezixhobo (kubandakanywa nezombane), izinto zokwakha ezifana nesamente kunye neentsimbi zentsimbi. Ukongezelela, iBhutan ihlola amathuba orhwebo namanye amazwe. Ityikitye iziVumelwano ezohlukeneyo zoRhwebo oluKhululwa (ii-FTA) ukuze yandise imarike yayo yokuthumela ngaphandle. Njengokuba: 1) I-Bangladesh: I-FTA yasekwa ngo-2006 eyenza ukufikelela simahla kwiimpahla ezithile phakathi kwala mazwe mabini. 2) EThailand: Isivumelwano samazwe amabini satyikitywa ngo-2008 sokwandisa intsebenziswano yorhwebo. 3) I-Singapore: Ngo-2014, i-FTA yaphunyezwa ejolise ekukhuthazeni utyalo-mali lwamazwe amabini ngokunjalo. Ngaphezu koko, iBhutan ithatha inxaxheba ngenkuthalo kwintsebenziswano yezoqoqosho kwingingqi ngokusebenzisa imibutho efana neSouth Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) kunye neBay of Bengal Initiative ye-Multi-Sectoral Technical Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC). La maqonga abonelela ngeendlela zokuphucula indibaniselwano yorhwebo yommandla. Nangona kunjalo, uSonam Wangchuk Miphan Trading Company usekela-manejala jikelele uthi kukho imicelimngeni emininzi ejongene nayo iBhutan malunga nokukhula korhwebo olunje ngomthamo onyiniweyo wokuthumela ngaphandle ngenxa yemiqobo kuphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo kubandakanya uthungelwano lwezothutho, ukuthembela kumacandelo ambalwa afana nombane owenziwe ngamanzi okwenza uqoqosho lube sesichengeni. izothuso zangaphandle, kunye nofikelelo olunyiniweyo kwimali yophuhliso loshishino. Ekugqibeleni, iBhutan yandisa ngokuthe ngcembe amathuba ayo okurhweba ngokugxila kumandla ayo kwicandelo lokuthumela ngaphandle. Amalinge karhulumente ekuphuhliseni ubudlelwane borhwebo namahlakani engingqi nawezizwe ngezizwe abalulekile kuhlumo loqoqosho lweli lizwe kunye nokwahlukana.
Uphuhliso lweMakethi olunokubakho
IBhutan, ilizwe elincinane elivaliweyo eMzantsi Asia, linamandla amakhulu okuphuhlisa imarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Nangona ubukhulu bayo kunye nokude, iBhutan iqhayisa ngeemveliso ezizodwa kunye nezixhobo ezinokutsala abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Okokuqala, iBhutan iyaziwa ngobuninzi bayo bemithombo yendalo. Amahlathi eli lizwe abonelela ngoluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwamaplanga kunye nezinye iimveliso zamahlathi ezifunwa kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngeendlela ezizinzileyo zamahlathi endaweni, iBhutan inokungena kwiimfuno ezikhulayo ze-eco-friendly kunye neemveliso zokhuni ezisemgangathweni. Okwesibini, iBhutan inelifa lenkcubeko elityebileyo elitsala abakhenkethi abavela kwihlabathi liphela. Ubugcisa belizwe belo lizwe obunjengokuluka, ukupeyinta, nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo bunokufumaneka kumazwe angaphandle. Ngokukhuthaza ezi mveliso zobugcisa ngokusebenzisa iiplatifomu zehlabathi ezifana neewebhusayithi ze-e-commerce okanye ii-fairs zamazwe ngamazwe, iBhutan inokunyusa umdla okhulayo wehlabathi kwizinto ezenziwe ngezandla kunye nenkcubeko ebalulekileyo. Ukongezelela, izenzo ezikhethekileyo zezolimo zaseBhutan zenza ukuba zibekwe kakuhle ukuxhamla kwimfuno ekhulayo yeemveliso zokutya eziphilayo. Ilizwe lilandela kakhulu iindlela zokulima eziphilayo ngenxa yokuzinikela ekuzinzeni kokusingqongileyo. Ngokuthengisa izityalo zabo eziphilayo ezifana nerayisi ebomvu okanye imifuno yokwelapha kumazwe ngamazwe, iBhutan inokuzahlula kwiimarike zehlabathi njengomthombo wemveliso yezinga eliphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, amandla avuselelekayo licandelo elivelayo apho iBhutan ingenakukwazi ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Ilizwe lithembele kakhulu kumbane owenziwe ngamanzi kunye nemveliso yombane othe chatha ofumanekayo othengiswa kumazwe angaphandle. Ngokusebenzisa le nzuzo yamandla ahlambulukileyo ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano zokuthengwa kwamandla kunye namazwe angabamelwane okanye ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuthungelwano lokuthengisa amandla ommandla njenge-SAARC Electricity Grid Interconnection (SEG-I), iBhutan inokwandisa isiseko sayo sokuthumela ngaphandle ngelixa ifaka isandla kwiinjongo zophuhliso lwengingqi. Ukuqukumbela, nangona ukuba sisizwe esincinci esinezibonelelo ezinqongopheleyo kunokuzisa imingeni xa singena kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe; nangona kunjalo, iBhuta ineenzuzo ezahlukileyo ezifana nokwahlukana kwemithombo yendalo, ilifa lenkcubeko, amandla acocekileyo, kunye nezenzo zezolimo ezizinzileyo. Ezi zinto zidityanisiwe zidala amathuba abalulekileyo okwandisa urhwebo, kwaye ukuba ibotshelelwe ngokufanelekileyo, iBhutan inokuvula amandla ayo amakhulu angasetyenziswanga kwimarike yehlabathi.
Iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike
Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike yentengiso yangaphandle yaseBhutan, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. IBhutan lilizwe elincinane elivaliweyo eMzantsi Asia, elaziwa ngenkcubeko yalo ekhethekileyo kunye nobuhle bendalo. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokukhetha iimveliso ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokuphumelela kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseBhutan. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda imfuno yendawo kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi eBhutan. Abantu baseBhutan banoxabiso olunzulu ngemisebenzi yemveli kunye neemveliso ezenziwe ngezandla. Ke, ukugxila kwizinto ezinje ngamalaphu, imisebenzi yezandla, izacholo, kunye nomsebenzi wobugcisa kunokuba sisiqalo esihle. Okwesibini, ukuzinza kwendalo kuxabiswa kakhulu eBhutan. Iimveliso ezikhuthaza ukusebenzelana kwe-eco-friendly okanye igalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo zihlala zinomtsalane kwintengiso yabathengi abayaziyo apha. Oku kunokubandakanya iimveliso zokutya okuphilayo, izisombululo zamandla ahlaziyekayo, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezisekwe kwimathiriyeli njengeengxowa okanye izinto zokubhala. Okwesithathu, kukho umdla okhulayo kwimpilo kunye neemveliso ezinxulumene nempilo phakathi kwabathengi baseBhutan. Ke ngoko, ukuqwalasela izinto ezinje ngezongezelelo zamayeza okanye izithambiso ezenziwe ngezithako zendalo kunokuba luncedo. Ukongeza, ngenxa yeempawu zayo zendalo ezifana neentaba kunye nemilambo etsala abantu abathanda i-adventure abavela kwihlabathi liphela - izixhobo zemidlalo zangaphandle ezifana nezixhobo zokukhwela intaba okanye izixhobo zemidlalo zinokuba nokwenzeka. Ngaphaya koko, ukhenketho lube lelinye lawona mashishini aphambili; Izikhumbuzo ezinje ngamakhonkco aneempawu zenkcubeko okanye iimpahla ezinxulumene nempahla yemveli nazo zinokufumana ukuthandwa phakathi kwabatyeleli abafuna izikhumbuzo kuhambo lwabo. Okokugqibela ukusebenzisana nabavelisi balapha ekhaya kunye namagcisa kunokunceda ekuboniseni izakhono zabo kumazwe aphesheya ngelixa bekhuthaza iindlela zorhwebo ezinobulungisa ezilungelelaniswa nokwanda kwemfuno yehlabathi yokufumana iimpawu/iimveliso. Ukuqukumbela ukuqonda izinto ezikhethwayo zendawo ngokuhlonipha izithethe ezibandakanya ukuzinza kokukhuthaza impilo-ngqondo usebenzisa amathuba okhenketho ukuxhasa i-Fair Trade kufuneka idlale indima ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha ukhetho lwemveliso yokuthengisa eshushu ngaphakathi kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwesizwe esihle - iBhutan!
Iimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboo
IBhutan, ekwabizwa ngokuba buBukumkani baseBhutan, lilizwe elincinci elivaliweyo eMzantsi Asia. Iyaziwa ngeendawo zayo ezimangalisayo, inkcubeko eyodwa, kunye nokuzinikela kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Xa kuziwa kwiimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboos eBhutan, nantsi imiba ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele: Iimpawu zoMthengi: 1. Ngentlonipho: Abathengi baseBhutan ngokuqhelekileyo bahloniphekile kwaye banentlonipho kubanikezeli benkonzo. Bakuxabisa ukuziphatha kakuhle, ngoko kubalulekile ukugcina isimo sengqondo sentlonelo kubo. 2. Ukulula: Abantu baseBhutan baxabisa ukulula kwindlela yabo yokuphila kwaye balindele ukuba abantu babe nomonde kunye neminikelo ecacileyo inokukhuthaza ukusebenzisana kwabathengi okungcono. 3. Uluvo olunamandla loluntu: Uluntu lwaseBhutan lunesakhiwo soluntu esihlangeneyo apho abantu bahlala befuna imvumelwano ngaphambi kokuba benze izigqibo okanye bathenge iimpahla / iinkonzo. 4. Ukucinga ngolondolozo: Ulondolozo lwendalo lwendele nzulu kwifilosofi yeGross National Happiness (GNH), esebenza njengomgaqo osisikhokelo kubaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo belizwe nabemi ngokufanayo. I-Taboos: 1. Ukungahloneli izithethe zonqulo: Njengoko ubuBhuda bunendima ebalulekileyo kwibutho labantu baseBhutan, kubalulekile ukungahloneli okanye ukujongela phantsi nawaphi na amasiko okanye izenzo zonqulo. 2. Indlela yokunxiba ekhubekisayo: Nxiba ngokundilisekileyo xa utyelela iindawo zonqulo okanye unxulumana nabantu basekuhlaleni. Ukunxiba impahla eveza umzimba kunokujongwa njengokungabi nantlonelo. 3. Ukubonisa uthando esidlangalaleni: Kungcono ukuphepha ukubandakanyeka kwimiboniso yothando esidlangalaleni njengokuncamisa okanye ukuwola, njengoko oku kunokubonwa njengento engafanelekanga kwinkcubeko yaseBhutan. 4. Iinyawo njengeendawo ze-taboo: Kwinkcubeko yendabuko ye-Himalayan kubandakanywa nesithethe saseBhutanese, iinyawo zithathwa njengezingcolileyo; ngaloo ndlela ukusebenzisa iinyawo zakho ngokungakhathali kwabanye kunokukhubekisa ungaqondanga. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboos kunokukhuthaza ubudlelwane obungcono kunye nabathengi abavela eBukumkanini baseBhutan ngelixa beqinisekisa ukuba iinkcubeko zenkcubeko ziyahlonishwa. (Qaphela ukuba le mpendulo idlula amagama angama-300.)
Inkqubo yolawulo lweCustoms
IBhutan, ilizwe elivaliweyo elikwiMpuma yeHimalaya, linezithethe ezikhethekileyo kunye nenkqubo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe. Urhulumente waseBhutan ulawula ngokungqongqo kwaye abeke iliso kwimida yakhe ukuze aqinisekise ukhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko lwabantu bakhe. Ukuze ungene eBhutan, abahambi kufuneka bafumane i-visa. Oku kunokufumaneka ngokusebenzisa abakhenkethi abalungiselelwe kwangaphambili okanye ii-agent zokuhamba eBhutan. Kubalulekile ukuba abatyeleli babe neencwadana zokundwendwela zabo ubuncinane iinyanga ezintandathu ngaphaya komhla wokungeniswa. Ekufikeni kwesinye sezikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezikhethiweyo zaseBhutan okanye ukuwela umda, zonke iindwendwe kufuneka zibonise ileta yazo ye-visa ekhutshwe liSebe lokuFudukela kunye nepasipoti yabo. Imithwalo yabatyeleli iya kujongwa ngocoselelo ngamagosa ajongene nempahla ephumayo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izinto ezithile azivumelekanga ukungena eBhutan. Oku kubandakanya imipu, iziqhushumbisi, ii-narcotics, iimveliso zecuba ezingaphaya komda ovunyelweyo (iisigarethi ezingama-200 okanye iisigarethi ezingama-50), utywala obungaphezulu kwe-1 ilitha ngomntu okhululwe emsebenzini kuphela kusetyenziso lobuqu, kunye nazo naziphi na izinto ezithathwa ngokuba zibhukuqa. Abahambi kufuneka baxele imali yangaphandle engaphezulu kwe-USD 10,000 okanye into elingana nayo ekufikeni kwayo. Ukungeniswa kwezityalo nezilwanyana kwamanye amazwe (kubandakanywa neenxalenye) ngaphandle kwamaxwebhu afanelekileyo akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Ekuhambeni, bonke abantu abasuka eBhutan kufuneka babonise ileta egunyazisiweyo evela kwi-Royal Monetary Authority ukuba baphethe imali engaphezulu kwe-USD 10,000 yemali. Amagosa ajongene nempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle anokuhlola imithwalo kwakhona phambi kokuba ahambe ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwezithintelo zokungenisa elizweni. Kubalulekile ukuba abahambi abatyelela eBhutan bahloniphe amasiko kunye nezithethe zendawo ngexesha lokuhlala kwabo. Izithintelo zokufota zinokusebenza kwiindawo ezithile zonqulo ezifana neetempile okanye izindlu zoonongendi; Ngoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune imvume phambi kokuba ucofe imifanekiso kwindawo ezinjalo. Ukuthotyelwa ngokubanzi kwimithetho kunye nemimiselo ebekwe ngabasemagunyeni bezithethe zaseBhutan baya kwenza ukutyelela kwakho kube lula kwaye kumnandi ngelixa uhlonipha eli lizwe elikhethekileyo lelifa lenkcubeko.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu
I-Bhutan, ilizwe elincinane elivaliweyo kwi-Himalayas, lilandela indlela ekhethekileyo yomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokungenisa. Ilizwe limisela iirhafu kunye neerhafu ezithile kwiimpahla ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle ukukhusela imizi-mveliso yasekhaya, ukukhuthaza ukuzimela, nokuqinisekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Imilinganiselo yerhafu yokungenisa eBhutan iyahluka ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lweempahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Kwizinto zorhwebo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokutya okuziinkozo, amayeza, kunye nezixhobo zolimo, urhulumente jikelele ubeka irhafu ephantsi okanye uyazikhulula ngokupheleleyo ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka kwazo ngamaxabiso afikelelekayo kubemi bakhe. Kwelinye icala, izinto zobunewunewu ezifana nezithuthi kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki zitsala irhafu ephezulu njengoko zithathwa njengento engeyomfuneko. Injongo emva koku kukunqanda ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kweemveliso ezinjalo ezinokuthi zithintele izibonelelo ezincinci zaseBhutan okanye zonakalise ixabiso lenkcubeko. Ukongezelela, iBhutan iphinda igxininise ukukhuthaza ushishino lwasekhaya kunye namashishini okuvelisa ngokubeka iirhafu eziphezulu kwiimveliso ezithile ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinokuveliswa ngaphakathi kwelizwe. Esi sicwangciso-qhinga sijolise ekukhuthazeni imveliso yangaphakathi ngelixa sinciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiimarike zangaphandle kwiimpahla ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. Ngaphezu koko, iBhutan ibeke phambili ulondolozo lwendalo ngokubeka iirhafu eziphezulu kwizinto ezinobungozi kwindalo okanye igalelo elikhulu ekungcoleni. Oku kuquka amafutha efosili afana nepetroli kunye nedizili anemirhumo ephezulu kakhulu yokungenisa elizweni njengenkuthazo kubantu kunye namashishini ukuba amkele ezinye izisombululo zamandla. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iBhutan iphinda ihlaziywe rhoqo imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yokungenisa eqwalasela ukuguquka kwezinto eziphambili zelizwe kunye neendlela zoqoqosho zehlabathi. Urhulumente uzama ukulinganisa phakathi kokukhusela imizi-mveliso yasekhaya kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufikelela kwiimveliso ezibalulekileyo ngelixa ekhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho oluzinzileyo. Ekugqibeleni, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa iBhutan ugxile ekukhuseleni amashishini asekhaya kunye nokukhuthaza ukuzithemba ngelixa ubeka phambili ukugcinwa kokusingqongileyo. Iindidi ezohlukeneyo zeempahla ezivela kumazwe angaphandle zitsala amaxabiso erhafu awohlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ezijongana neerhafu eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nobunewunewu okanye ukuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle okungabalulekanga. Le ndlela ijolise ekuqinisekiseni uzinzo lwezoqoqosho ngelixa ikhusela ixabiso lenkcubeko kunye nokugcinwa kwemithombo yendalo kwesi sizwe esihle esibizwa ngokuba yiGross National Happiness kunokuba izicwangciso zophuhliso lwe-GDP-centric.
Iipolisi zerhafu ezithumela ngaphandle
I-Bhutan, ilizwe elincinane elivaliweyo eliseMpuma ye-Himalayas, liphumeze umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu owahlukileyo owaziwa ngokuba nguMthetho weRhafu yoRhwebo kunye noMthetho woMrhumo. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uchaza amaxabiso erhafu asetyenziswayo kwizinto ezithengwe kumazwe angaphandle nezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ngokubhekiselele kwirhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle, iBhutan ithatha indlela elula yokukhuthaza amashishini asekuhlaleni. Urhulumente uzabalazela ukukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle ngokumisela irhafu encinane kwiimveliso ezithile okanye ade azikhulule emsebenzini. Esi sicwangciso-qhinga sijolise ekukhuliseni urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokomeleza uqoqosho lweli lizwe. Amaxabiso erhafu kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubume bazo kunye nokuhlelwa kwazo. Ezinye iimveliso zezolimo ezifana neziqhamo, imifuno, kunye nokutya okuziinkozo ziphantsi kwerhafu ephantsi yokuthumela ngaphandle okanye zinokukhululelwa ngokupheleleyo kwirhafu. Oku kwenziwa ngenjongo yokuxhasa icandelo lezolimo laseBhutan kunye nokuququzelela ukukhula kolu shishino olubalulekileyo. Kwelinye icala, iimpahla zemizi-mveliso ezifana neempahla ezilukiweyo, imisebenzi yezandla, ukutya okugayiweyo, iiminerali, okanye izinto ezincinci ezenziweyo zisenokuba phantsi kwerhafu ephakathi. Ezi rhafu azijongi nje ekungeniseni ingeniso kodwa zikwakhuthaza amashishini emveliso alapha ekhaya avelisa ezi mpahla. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iBhutan ibeka phambili uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokugcinwa kokusingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, ubutyebi bendalo obuthile obufana namaplanga okanye izimbiwa ezingahlaziyekiyo zinokujongana nemithetho engqongqo xa kuziwa ekuzithumeleni kumazwe angaphandle. Iirhafu kwezi zixhobo zivame ukuba phezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimveliso ukwenzela ukunqanda ukuxhaphazwa ngokugqithiseleyo ngelixa kukhuthazwa uxanduva lolawulo lwempahla yendalo yaseBhutan. Ngokubanzi, imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu ye-Bhutan yokuthumela ngaphandle ibonisa ukuzinikela kwayo ekukhuliseni amashishini asekhaya ngelixa iqwalasela izinto ezizinzileyo zokusingqongileyo. Ngokuphumeza iirhafu ezifanelekileyo zerhafu kwiindidi zeemveliso ezikhethiweyo okanye ukukhulula imisebenzi ngokupheleleyo kwiimveliso eziphambili ezifana nokuveliswa kwezolimo, iBhutan ijolise ekukhuthazeni ukukhula koqoqosho ngelixa igcina ukulingana kunye nezicwangciso zophuhliso olukhokelwa yindalo.
Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo zokuthumela ngaphandle
IBhutan, ilizwe elivaliweyo elikwimpuma yeHimalaya, liyaziwa ngenkcubeko yalo etyebileyo kunye nendlela ekhethekileyo yophuhliso. Nangona lilizwe elincinci elinobuncwane obuncinci, iBhutan igxininise ekuphuhlisweni okuzinzileyo kunye nokugcina ilifa lenkcubeko. Ngokumalunga nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle, iBhutan ngokuyinhloko ixhomekeke kumacandelo amathathu aphambili: ezolimo, amandla ombane, kunye nokhenketho. Enye into ebalulekileyo yokuthumela ngaphandle evela eBhutan yimveliso yezolimo. Eli lizwe lineentlambo ezichumileyo ezixhasa ukulinywa kwezityalo ezifana nerayisi, umbona, iitapile, iziqhamo zesitrasi nemifuno. Ezi mveliso zezolimo zikumgangatho ophezulu zihlala zithunyelwa kumazwe angabamelwane afana neIndiya. Enye into ebalulekileyo yokuthumela ngaphandle evela eBhutan ngamandla ombane owenziwe ngamanzi. Ngenxa yommandla weentaba kunye nemilambo ehamba ngokukhawuleza, iBhutan inamandla amakhulu okuvelisa umbane wamanzi. Urhulumente utyale imali eninzi ekuphuhliseni iiprojekthi zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi ezinegalelo kwiimfuno zamandla asekhaya kunye nokuvelisa umbane othe chatha ukuze uthunyelwe eIndiya. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukhenketho luye lwaba ngumthombo obalulekileyo wengeniso yeBhutan. Ngeendawo zayo ezimangalisayo kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko ezigciniweyo, ilizwe litsala abakhenkethi abavela kwihlabathi liphela abafuna amava awodwa. Abakhenkethi banokujonga izindlu zoonongendi zakudala njengeParo Taktsang (iNest yeTiger) okanye bazintywilisele kwiminyhadala yemveli efana neTsechu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wezi zithunyelwa ngaphandle uhlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, iBhutan ilandela inkqubo yokuqinisekiswa eyamkelwa ngamaqumrhu ahlukeneyo ehlabathi afana ne-ISO (i-International Organization for Standardization) okanye i-WTO (i-World Trade Organization). Esi satifikethi siqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinxulumene nezolimo azinayo imichiza eyingozi okanye izitshabalalisi ngelixa zibambelela kwiindlela zokulima ezizinzileyo. Ukuthengiswa kwamandla ombane wamanzi kulawulwa ngezivumelwano zamazwe amabini phakathi kweBhutan neIndiya kuba uninzi lombane oveliswayo uthunyelwa ngaphandle apho. Ezi zivumelwano ziqinisekisa iziseko ezingundoqo zothumelo kunye namanyathelo olawulo lomgangatho ukugcina imigangatho yonikezelo engaguqukiyo. Kwiinkonzo ezinxulumene nokhenketho ezifana neehotele okanye ii-arhente zokuhamba eBhutan zifuna ukuqatshelwa ngamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokutyelelwa ngabantu bangaphandle zifuna izatifikethi ezifanelekileyo ezinokubandakanya ukuthotyelwa kokhuseleko, ucoceko, okanye imigangatho yokusingqongileyo. Ukuqukumbela, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweBhutan ngokuyintloko kuqhutywa yizolimo, amandla ombane wamanzi, kunye nokhenketho. Ukugcina isidima sabo semarike kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zamazwe ngamazwe, iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoqinisekiso zikhona ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho kunye nokuzinza koku kuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Ulungiselelo lolungiselelo olucetyiswayo
IBhutan, eyaziwa njengeLizwe leNdudumo yeNdudumo, lilizwe elincinane elivaliweyo elikwimpuma yeHimalaya. Nangona ubukhulu bayo buncinci kunye nendawo ekude, iBhutan yenze inkqubela phambili ekuphuhliseni imboni yezothutho ukuxhasa uqoqosho lwayo olukhulayo kunye nokwandisa urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Xa kuziwa kwiziseko zothutho, iBhutan ityalomali ekuphuculeni uthungelwano lwendlela. Umthambo ophambili odibanisa imimandla eyahlukeneyo yelizwe nguNdlela weSizwe we-1. Lo mgwaqo omkhulu udibanisa iBhutan kunye neIndiya engummelwane kwaye usebenza njengomgca obalulekileyo wokuthutha iimpahla zasekhaya. Ngelixa ukuthuthwa kweendlela kuseyeyona ndlela iphambili yokuhambisa iimpahla ngaphakathi eBhutan, iinzame ziyenziwa zokwandisa ukuqhagamshelwa komoya kunye nomzila kaloliwe ukuqhubela phambili ukuxhasa izinto. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseParo sisebenza njengesango elibalulekileyo kubo bobabini abakhweli kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla. Idibanisa iBhutan kunye nezixeko ezikhulu ezininzi eIndiya, Nepal, Thailand, Singapore, Bangladesh nakwamanye amazwe. Kwimpahla yempahla ethatha ixesha okanye etshabalalayo efuna ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo okunje ngamayeza okanye imveliso yezolimo enobomi obufutshane beshelufa, ukuthuthwa ngenqwelomoya kungalukhetho olucetyiswayo. Kwimithamo emikhulu yemithwalo efuna ukuthuthwa imigama emide ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kwemiqobo yexesha, imithwalo yaselwandle inokuqwalaselwa. I-Bhutan ayinakho ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kuzo naziphi na izibuko ngenxa yendalo evaliweyo kodwa ixhomekeke kumazibuko abekwe e-Indiya njenge-Kolkata (Calcutta) Port yokuthunyelwa elwandle. Abathumeli bangaphandle/abathumela kumazwe angaphandle basenokubandakanya iinkampani ezithumela imithwalo ezisebenza ngoochwephesha kuthutho elwandle phakathi kwala mazibuko kunye neendawo ekusingwa kuzo. Ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubo zokuhlanjululwa kwe-custom kwi-chain ye-Bhutan's logistics chain, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle kuye kwenziwa ngamaphulo okuzenzekelayo ngokuphumeza iinkqubo zokutshintshwa kwedatha ye-elektroniki kwiindawo zokujonga umda kunye neeofisi ze-customs. Abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle/abathumela ngaphandle kufuneka babonelele ngamaxwebhu ayimfuneko malunga neenkcukacha zothutho ezifana neekopi zebhili yokuthwala/zomoya kunye nee-invoyisi ezinxulumeneyo/ii-invoyisi zerhafu ezichaza amaxabiso ezinto/iintlawulo ezihlawulwayo/amaxabiso e-vat. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kuyo yonke inkqubo yokubonelela ngaphakathi kweBhutan, kuyacetyiswa ukuba amashishini asebenze ngokusondeleyo nababoneleli benkonzo bendawo. Aba baboneleli ngenkonzo banolwazi olunzulu ngemarike yendawo kwaye banokubonelela ngezisombululo ezilungiselelwe iimfuno ezithile. Abanye ababoneleli ngezixhobo ezisekwe kakuhle abasebenza eBhutan baquka iBhutan Post, A.B. Technologies Pvt Ltd, kunye nePrime Cargo Services Pvt Ltd. Ngokubanzi, ngelixa iBhutan ijongene nemingeni ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwayo kwendawo, iinzame ezihlangeneyo ngurhulumente kunye necandelo labucala ziye zaqinisa amandla okusebenza kwelizwe. Ngeendlela ezingcono zokunxibelelana, iziseko zophuhliso eziphuculweyo, iinkqubo zezithethe ezilungelelanisiweyo, kunye nenkxaso yababoneleli benkonzo abanamava, amashishini angakwazi ukuhamba ngendlela ekhethekileyo yeBhutan ye-logistical landscape.
Imijelo yophuhliso lwabathengi

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

I-Bhutan, ilizwe elincinane elivaliweyo eMzantsi Asia, ineendlela ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo zokuthengwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemiboniso yophuhliso loshishino. Nangona lilizwe elizimeleyo, iBhutan iye yenza iinzame zokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho kunye nokutsala abathengi bangaphandle. Makhe sihlolisise ezinye iindlela eziphambili zorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe eBhutan. 1. ISebe lezoRhwebo (DoT): I-DoT yenye yee-arhente zikarhulumente eziphambili ezinoxanduva lokukhuthaza urhwebo eBhutan. Baqhuba amanyathelo ahlukeneyo afana nomthengi-umthengisi udibana, imiboniso yezorhwebo, kunye nemiboniso yokubonisa iimveliso ezivela eBhutan ukuya kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. 2. IiMbono zoRhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe: IBhutan ithatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso emikhulu yezorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe apho amashishini angabonisa iimveliso zawo kwaye afumane abathengi abanakho okanye amaqabane. Eminye imiboniso ebalulekileyo ibandakanya: - Ambiente: Lo mboniso waziwayo wempahla yabathengi obanjwa minyaka le eFrankfurt, eJamani unika ithuba kubathumeli bangaphandle baseBhutan ukuba babonise imisebenzi yabo yezandla, amalaphu, izacholo, kunye nezinye iimveliso. - I-World Travel Market (WTM): Njengoko ukhenketho lungomnye wamashishini abalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseBhutan; Umboniso weWTM obanjwa minyaka le eLondon uvumela abameli abavela kwicandelo lezokhenketho ukuba bakhuthaze iipakethe zokuhamba kunye nokuphonononga amathuba entsebenziswano. - I-SAARC Trade Fair: Ukuba lilungu le-SAARC (uMbutho waseMzantsi Asia weNtsebenziswano yoMmandla), iBhutan nayo ithatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso yorhwebo yengingqi ehlelwe ngamazwe e-SAARC. Le miboniso yenza intsebenziswano nabathengi abavela kumazwe angabamelwane afana neIndiya, Bangladesh, Nepal, njl. 3. Amaqonga asekwe kwi-Intanethi: Amaqonga e-E-commerce asele alitshaneli elibaluleke kakhulu kumashishini kwihlabathi liphela. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amagcisa aseBhutanese aqalise ukusebenzisa iimarike ze-intanethi ezifana ne-Etsy kunye ne-Amazon Handmade ukuze bathengise ubugcisa babo obukhethekileyo bezandla kwihlabathi jikelele. 4. Uzakuzo kunye noonozakuzaku: Izithunywa zezozakuzo ezikwelinye ilizwe zidlala indima ebalulekileyo njengabaququzeleli phakathi kwabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abanokubakho kunye namashishini asekelwe ngaphakathi eBhutan. Badla ngokuququzelela imisitho evumela abavelisi balapha ekhaya okanye amagcisa ukuba anxibelelane nabathengi abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo. 5. Ishishini lezoKhenketho: Nangona lingahambelani ngokungqongqo nokuthengwa kwamanye amazwe, imboni yezokhenketho yaseBhutan ixhasa ngokungathanga ngqo amashishini asekuhlaleni ngokutsala iindwendwe zangaphandle ezinomdla kwilifa lenkcubeko yelizwe kunye nemisebenzi yezandla. Abakhenkethi banokuthenga iimveliso zasekhaya ngokuthe ngqo, bebonelela ngendlela kumashishini amagcisa ukubonisa iimpahla zabo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngenxa yoqoqosho oluncinci lwaseBhutan kunye nemingeni yendawo, amathuba okuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe anokunciphisa xa kuthelekiswa nezizwe ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente waseBhutan usebenza ngokunyanisekileyo ekuphuculeni imisebenzi yokukhuthaza urhwebo kunye nokudala amajelo azinzileyo okukhula kwamashishini ngamazwe ngamazwe.
EBhutan, ezona njini zokukhangela ziqhele ukusetyenziswa zezi zilandelayo: 1. Google: Njengeyona njini yokukhangela idumileyo kwihlabathi jikelele, uGoogle usetyenziswa kakhulu naseBhutan. Inika uluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo zokukhangela kwaye ibonelela ngeziphumo zendawo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iBhutan. Iwebhusayithi inokufumaneka ku-www.google.com. 2. Yahoo!: Yahoo! yenye injini yokukhangela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo eBhutan. Inika uphendlo lwewebhu kunye neendaba, iinkonzo ze-imeyile, kunye nezinye izinto. Iwebhusayithi inokufumaneka ku-www.yahoo.com. 3. I-Bing: I-Bing ikwasetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi baseBhutan kukhangelo lwabo kwi-intanethi. Ibonelela ngeziphumo zokhangelo lwewebhu kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo ezifana neemephu, iinguqulelo, kunye nohlaziyo lweendaba. Ungafikelela kwi-Bing ku-www.bing.com. 4. I-Baidu: Nangona ngokuyintloko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-injini yokukhangela yaseTshayina, i-Baidu ifumene ukuthandwa phakathi koluntu oluthetha isiTshayina eBhutan ngenxa yokufana kwenkcubeko kunye nokuqhelaniswa kolwimi okwabelwana ngalo phakathi kweMandarin ne-Dzongkha (ulwimi olusemthethweni lwaseBhutan). I-Baidu iququzelela uphendlo lwewebhu kunye nezinye iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neemephu kunye nophendlo lwemifanekiso. Iwebhusayithi inokufumaneka ku-www.baidu.com. 5. I-DuckDuckGo: Iyaziwa ngendlela ejolise kumsebenzisi wabucala, i-DuckDuckGo ikwasetyenziswa ngabantu abathile baseBhutan ababeka phambili ubumfihlo obuphuculweyo ngexesha lokukhangela kwabo kwi-intanethi okanye bakhethe iziphumo ezingakhethi cala ngaphandle kwe-algorithms yokulandela umkhondo ephazamisana nokuchaneka kolwazi okanye ukungathathi hlangothi. Iwebhusayithi inokufumaneka kwi-duckduckgo.com. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngelixa ezi zizinye zeenjini zokukhangela ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo eBhutan, abahlali abaninzi basenokuthi basebenzise iiplatifomu zengingqi okanye ezithile ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto abazikhethayo okanye iimfuno zokufunyanwa komxholo wendawo phakathi koluntu okanye imibutho yabo.

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

IBhutan, ilizwe elivaliweyo elikwimpuma yeHimalaya, yaziwa ngobuhle bayo bendalo obucocekileyo kunye nelifa lenkcubeko elikhethekileyo. Nangona isenokungabi nenqanaba elifanayo lofikelelo lwe-intanethi njengamanye amazwe, kusekho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi eziphambili ezisebenza njengezalathisi ze-intanethi okanye amaphepha atyheli eBhutan. 1. I-Yellow.bt: Njengoluhlu olusemthethweni lwe-intanethi ye-Bhutan Telecom Limited, i-Yellow.bt ngumthombo obanzi wokufumana amashishini kunye neenkonzo eBhutan. Iwebhusayithi inikeza ujongano olulula lokukhangela ukujonga iindidi ezithile okanye ukukhangela kumacandelo ahlukeneyo. Ungafikelela kuyo www.yellow.bt. 2. I-Thimphu Inayo: Le webhusayithi igxile ngokukodwa kumashishini kunye neenkonzo ezifumaneka eThimphu, isixeko esikhulu saseBhutan. Ibonisa i-directory ekulula ukuhamba kuyo apho unokukhangela amashishini athile ngokusekelwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokwamkela iindwendwe, ukuthengisa, imfundo, ukhathalelo lwempilo, njl. Ndwendwela www.thimphuhast.it ukuze uhlolisise ngakumbi. 3. IBumthang Business Directory: IBumthang sesinye sezithili zaseBhutan ezaziwa ngobutyebi belifa lenkcubeko kunye nembonakalo-mhlaba emangalisayo. Le webhusayithi isebenza njengoluhlu lwendawo olunikezela ngolwazi malunga namashishini kunye neenkonzo ezifumaneka ngokukodwa kwisithili saseBumthang. Ungayifumana ku-www.bumthangbusinessdirectory.com. 4. Amaphepha eParo: Amaphepha eParo abandakanya amashishini kunye neenkonzo ikakhulu ezigxile kwisithili saseParo eBhutan-indawo eyaziwa ngokuba yiTiger's Nest Monastery (iTaktsang Palphug Monastery). Iwebhusayithi ibonelela ngoluhlu olusuka kwiihotele kunye neeresityu ukuya kubakhenkethi kunye neevenkile zalapha ngaphakathi kwisithili saseParo ngokwayo. Jonga ngakumbi kwi-www.paropages.com. Ezi webhusayithi kufuneka zikunike ulwazi olubanzi malunga namashishini ahlukeneyo asebenza kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseBhutan kuquka iThimphu, iBumthang, iParo, njl., ezenza izibonelelo eziluncedo xa zifuna iimveliso okanye iinkonzo ezithile ngaphakathi kwelizwe. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ngenxa yendawo ekude yaseBhutan kunye neziseko ezingundoqo ze-intanethi, ezinye zezi webhusayithi zisenokungabi mihla le okanye zibanzi njengamaphepha atyheli kumazwe ahambele phambili kwedijithali. Nangona kunjalo, zizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zokujonga indawo yeshishini laseBhutan.

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

IBhutan, ilizwe elincinci elivaliweyo elikwimpuma yeHimalayas, libone ukukhula okubonakalayo kwicandelo le-e-commerce kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngelixa ishishini lisaphuhla, kukho iiplatifti ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo ze-e-commerce eBhutan. Nazi ezinye zezona ziphambili kunye newebhusayithi yazo: 1. I-DrukRide (https://www.drukride.com): I-DrukRide yindawo yokuthengisa ehamba phambili ye-intanethi ye-Bhutan yeenkonzo zothutho. Ibonelela ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngerenti yemoto, ukubhukisha iteksi, kunye nerenti yezithuthuthu. 2. I-Zhartsham (https://www.zhartsham.bt): I-Zhartsham liqonga elikhulayo le-e-commerce elibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso kubathengi bayo. Ukusuka kwizinto zombane kunye nempahla ukuya kwizinto zokuhombisa ekhaya kunye nezixhobo zasekhitshini, iZhartsham ijolise ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. 3. I-PasalBhutan (http://pasalbhutan.com): I-PasalBhutan lelinye iqonga lokuthenga elidumileyo kwi-intanethi elibonelela ngengqokelela ebanzi yeemveliso ukusuka kwifashoni kunye nezinto zobuhle ukuya kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya. 4. I-Kupanda (http://kupanda.bt): I-Kupanda yivenkile ethengisa ukutya ekwi-intanethi egxile ekuziseni iziqhamo ezitsha, imifuno, inyama, iimveliso zobisi, kunye nezinye izinto zasekhaya ezibalulekileyo ngqo emnyango wabathengi. 5. yetibay (https://yetibay.bt): i-yetibay yi-platform ye-e-commerce ekhulayo ebonisa uluhlu lweemveliso zengingqi ezenziwe ngamagcisa aseBhutanese kunye neengcibi. Abathengi banokuthenga imisebenzi yezandla yesintu, amalaphu, imizobo, izacholo, kunye nokunye ngale webhusayithi. I-6.B-Mobile Shop( https://bmobileshop.bhutanmobile.com.bt/ ): Ivenkile ye-B-Mobile ibonelela ngeendlela zokuthenga ii-smartphones kwi-intanethi kunye nezicwangciso ezibonelelwa yiBhutan Telecom(B mobile) yeefowuni zelizwi kunye neepakethe zokubrawuza ze-intanethi. Iwebhusayithi ikwathengisa ezinye izixhobo ezinxulumene ne-telecom ezifana neerotha ezingenazingcingo njl. Nceda uqaphele ukuba iiplatifomu ezikhankanyiweyo ngasentla ziiwebhusayithi eziphambili ze-e-commerce ezisebenza eBhutan, nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho ezinye iiplatifomu ezincinci okanye izitolo ze-intanethi ezijongene ne-niches ethile okanye indawo zendawo.

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

IBhutan bubukumkani obuncinci beHimalaya obaziwa ngenkcubeko yabo eyodwa kunye nobuhle bendalo obungachukunyiswanga. Ngelixa iBhutan inokuba yodwa, isenobukho kwiiplatifti ezahlukeneyo zeendaba zokunxibelelana nehlabathi. Nanga amanye amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo athandwayo asetyenziswa eBhutan kunye neeURL zabo zewebhusayithi: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com/b ukuphelisafficial): I-Facebook lelinye lamaqonga onxibelelwano asetyenziswa kakhulu eBhutan. Ivumela abantu ukuba benze iiprofayili, baqhagamshele nabahlobo, babelane ngohlaziyo, iifoto, kunye neevidiyo. 2. I-WeChat (www.wechat.com): I-WeChat yi-app yemiyalezo yonke-in-one ekwasebenza njengeqonga leendaba zoluntu eBhutan. Abasebenzisi banokuthumela imibhalo, imiyalezo yelizwi, benze iifowuni zevidiyo, babelane ngeefoto kunye neevidiyo ngasese okanye ngezithuba zikawonke-wonke. 3. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com/explore/tags/bhutan): I-Instagram idume phakathi kwabancinci baseBhutan abayisebenzisayo ukwabelana ngeefoto kunye namavidiyo eendawo ezintle, iziganeko zenkcubeko, ukutya, iindlela zefashini njl., usebenzisa i-hashtag njenge #bhutandiaries okanye #visitbhutan. 4. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com/BTO_Official) - I-Twitter handle esemthethweni yeBhutan inikezela ngohlaziyo lweendaba ezivela kurhulumente malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo kunye namanyathelo athathwe ngabo. 5. I-YouTube (www.youtube.com/kingdomofbhutanchannel) - Eli jelo le-YouTube libonelela ngokufikelela kumaxwebhu ahlukeneyo malunga nenkcubeko yeBhutan kunye nezithethe kunye neevidiyo ezikhuthazayo ezibonisa umdla wokhenketho. 6. I-LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com/company/royal-government-of-bhuta-rgob) - Iphepha le-LinkedIn likaRhulumente waseBhuta libonelela ngamathuba onxibelelwano lobuchwephesha ngokudibanisa abantu abanomdla kwintsebenziswano yezoshishino okanye ingqesho ngaphakathi kweli lizwe. 7.TikTok: Ngelixa kusenokungabikho akhawunti ezithile zeTikTok ezimele ngokukhethekileyo iBhutan ngolo hlobo kodwa abantu bahlala bethumela amava okuhamba kunye nemisebenzi yenkcubeko ehambelana nesi sizwe sothusayo kwiTiktok phantsi kweehashtag ezinje #Bhutandiaries okanye #DiscoverBhutan. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukufumaneka kunye nokuthandwa kwamaqonga eendaba ezentlalo kunokuhluka eBhutan, kwaye iiplatifomu ezintsha zingavela ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

IBhutan lilizwe elincinci elivaliweyo elikwiMpuma yeHimalaya. Ngaphandle kokuba lilizwe elinabantu abambalwa, iBhutan inemibutho emininzi evelele yezoshishino edlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwelizwe kunye nokukhuthazwa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo. Nantsi eminye yemibutho ephambili yoshishino eBhutan: 1. I-Bhutan Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BCCI): I-BCCI yenye yemibutho yamashishini endala kunye neyona nto inamandla kakhulu eBhutan. Imele amashishini asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, ixhasa imigaqo-nkqubo exhasa urhwebo, urhwebo, kunye nophuhliso lweshishini elizweni. umthombo: https://www.bcci.org.bt/ 2. Umbutho weBhutanese Tour Operators (ABTO): I-ABTO inoxanduva lokukhuthaza imisebenzi yezokhenketho eBhutan. Isebenza njengeqonga elibalulekileyo labasebenzi bokhenketho ukuba basebenzisane, balungise imingeni efanayo, kwaye basebenzele iindlela zokhenketho ezizinzileyo. umthombo: http://www.abto.org.bt/ 3. Ihotele kunye neRestaurant Association yaseBhutan (HRAB): I-HRAB isebenza ekuphuhliseni icandelo leendwendwe ngokumela iihotele kunye neendawo zokutyela kwilizwe lonke. Ijolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho weenkonzo, ukukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwelifa lenkcubeko, kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kobungcali kweli candelo. umthombo: http://hrab.org.bt/ 4. Umbutho wasebukhosini woKhuseleko lweNdalo (RSPN): I-RSPN ijolise ekulondolozeni i-biodiversity ngophando, iinkqubo zokufikelela kwimfundo, amaphulo okwazisa malunga nemiba yokusingqongileyo efana nokugcinwa kwezilwanyana zasendle, ukukhuselwa kwamahlathi, izenzo zezolimo ezizinzileyo phakathi kwabanye. umthombo: https://www.rspnbhutan.org/ 5. Umbutho woKwakha waseBhutan (CAB): I-CAB imele iinkampani zokwakha ezibandakanyekayo kwiiprojekthi zophuhliso lwezakhiwo ezifana nokwakhiwa kweendlela, iiprojekthi zokwakha izakhiwo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kuquka izakhiwo zokuhlala okanye ukusekwa kwezorhwebo njl., Ukubonelela ngeqonga elihlangeneyo lokuxoxa ngeenkxalabo ezinxulumene neli candelo . Akukho webhusayithi esemthethweni ekhoyo 6. IThekhnoloji yoLwazi kunye noMbutho woNxibelelwano waseBhutan (ITCAB): I-ITCAB idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni amaphulo okufunda nokubhala ngedijithali ngelixa ikhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo eziphucula i-IT kunye necandelo lonxibelelwano. Ifuna ukudibanisa abachaphazelekayo, ukukhuthaza ukwabelana ngolwazi, kunye nokukhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha. umthombo: https://www.itcab.org.bt/ Le yimizekelo embalwa yemibutho ephambili yoshishino eBhutan. Nganye yale mibutho idlala indima ebalulekileyo kumacandelo abo, igalelo ekukhuleni kwezoqoqosho kunye nophuhliso lweBhutan.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo ezinxulumene neBhutan, ilizwe elikuMzantsi Asia. Nazi ezinye zezona zibalaseleyo: 1. I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMicimbi yoQoqosho (www.moea.gov.bt): Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeSebe leMicimbi yezoQoqosho yaseBhutan ibonelela ngolwazi malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo, imimiselo, amathuba otyalo-mali, kunye nezicwangciso zophuhliso loqoqosho. 2. IBhutan Chamber of Commerce & Industry (www.bcci.org.bt): Iwebhusayithi yeBhutan Chamber of Commerce & Industry inikeza izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe anomdla wokurhweba kunye neBhutan. Ibonelela ngolwazi ngemisitho, abalawuli bamashishini, iinkcukacha-manani zorhwebo, kunye nenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo. 3. ISebe lezoRhwebo (www.trade.gov.bt): Le portal ye-e-commerce egcinwe liSebe lezoRhwebo ivumela amashishini ukuba abhalise kwi-intanethi ukufumana iilayisensi kunye neemvume zokuthengisa ngaphandle eBhutan. Ikwabandakanya ulwazi malunga nezivumelwano zorhwebo, amaxabiso erhafu, iinkqubo zerhafu, kunye nokufikelela kwimarike. 4. Igunya lemali yaseRoyal (www.rma.org.bt): I-Royal Monetary Authority inoxanduva lokuqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali eBhutan. Iwebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni inikezela ngohlaziyo kwimimiselo yebhanki, amazinga otshintshiselwano, iingxelo zokuzinza kwezemali kunye neenkcukacha zezoqoqosho ezifanelekileyo. 5. I-Druk Holding & Investments Ltd (www.dhi.bt): Le yiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Druk Holding & Investments Ltd., eyongamela utyalo-mali olwenziwa ngurhulumente kumacandelo acwangcisiweyo afana neeprojekthi zombane wamanzi wemigodi kunye namanye amashishini aphambili anegalelo kuzwelonke. iinjongo zophuhliso lwentlalo noqoqosho. 6. IBhunga lezoKhenketho laseBhutan (www.tourism.gov.bt): Ngelixa ubukhulu becala ligxile ekukhuthazeni ukhenketho endaweni yezoqoqosho okanye urhwebo ngokobuqu; Iwebhusayithi yeBhunga lezoKhenketho iqaqambisa amathuba otyalo-mali kweli candelo kuquka neeprojekthi zokhenketho lwendalo apho intsebenziswano neefemu zangaphandle inokuphononongwa. Ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngoluhlu lolwazi olunxulumene nemigaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho kunye nemimiselo; iimfuno zelayisensi; amathuba otyalo-mali; uhlalutyo lwemarike; ukukhuthazwa kokhenketho phakathi kwezinye ezinokuququzelela imisebenzi yoshishino ngaphakathi okanye ebandakanya iBhutan. Nceda uqaphele ukuba kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqinisekise iinkcukacha usebenzisa amajelo asemthethweni okanye uthethe nabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo zoshishino.

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

E-Bhutan, iSebe leNgeniso kunye neNkcubeko (i-DRC) lijongene nokujonga imicimbi enxulumene norhwebo, kubandakanywa nokulawula imisebenzi yokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle. I-DRC ibonelela ngeqonga elinye elibizwa ngokuba yi "Bhutan Trade Information System" (BTIS) kuyo yonke ingcaciso enxulumene norhwebo kwilizwe. Le portal ye-intanethi isebenza njenge-hub ebanzi kubarhwebi, amashishini, kunye nabanye abachaphazelekayo ukufikelela kwiidatha ezibalulekileyo kwiinkcukacha zorhwebo, iinkqubo zezithethe, iirhafu, imimiselo, kunye nokunye. Nazi ezinye iiwebhusayithi ezinxulumene nedatha yorhwebo yaseBhutan: 1. Inkqubo yoLwazi lwezoRhwebo lwaseBhutan (BTIS): umthombo: http://www.btis.gov.bt/ Le yiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-BTIS ebonelela abasebenzisi ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokufikelela kwizibhengezo zokungenisa / ukuthumela ngaphandle, ukujonga iirhafu zerhafu kunye nezibophelelo zerhafu ezisekelwe kukuhlelwa kwemveliso okanye ikhowudi ye-Harmonized System (HS). 2. IZiko leeNkcukacha-manani leSizwe: umthombo: http://www.nsb.gov.bt/ I-National Statistical Bureau inikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani zezoqoqosho eBhutan kuquka ulwazi malunga nokungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kumacandelo ahlukeneyo. Abasebenzisi banokufumana iingxelo zeenkcukacha-manani ezineenkcukacha ezinxulumene norhwebo lwangaphandle kwicandelo loshicilelo lwabo. 3. IBhanki yokuThumela ngaphandle-Ngeniso yaseBhutan Limited: umthombo: https://www.eximbank.com.bt/ Nangona le webhusayithi igxininise kakhulu ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo zezemali ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle-ngaphandle eBhutan, inika kwakhona ulwazi oluluncedo kwiinkcukacha zorhwebo zangaphandle zelizwe. 4. UMphathiswa weMicimbi yoQoqosho: umthombo: http://www.moea.gov.bt/ UMphathiswa weMicimbi yezoQoqosho udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqulunqeni imigaqo-nkqubo ehambelana nophuhliso loqoqosho kunye nokuququzelela intsebenziswano yezorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe eBhutan. Iwebhusayithi yabo inokubonelela ngeengxelo ezifanelekileyo okanye upapasho malunga norhwebo lwangaphandle. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi webhusayithi zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha; kusoloko kucetyiswa ukuba uqinisekise ukufumaneka kwazo phambi kokuba ufikelele kuzo.

amaqonga B2b

IBhutan, eyaziwa ngokuba "yiLizwe leNdudumo yeNdudumo," lilizwe elikwiMpuma yeHimalaya. Nangona isisizwe esincinci, iBhutan iye yamkela ngokuthe ngcembe idijithali kwaye sele iqalile ukuphuhlisa iiplatifomu zayo zeB2B ukuququzelela ukusebenzisana kwezoshishino kunye nokuthengiselana. Nanga amanye amaqonga eBhutan B2B kunye neewebhusayithi zabo ezihambelanayo: 1. IBhutan Trade Portal (http://www.bhutantradeportal.gov.bt/): Eli liqonga elisemthethweni le-intanethi elibonelela ngolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngemimiselo yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle, iinkqubo zorhwebo, imisebenzi yempahla, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo ezinxulumene norhwebo. 2. I-Druk Enterprise Solutions (http://www.drukes.com/): I-Druk Enterprise Solutions yinkampani ehamba phambili ye-B2B yeteknoloji eBhutan enika izisombululo zesoftware ezahlukeneyo kumashishini. Iinkonzo zabo ziquka i-software ye-enterprise resource planning (ERP), iinkqubo zokubala, izixhobo zolawulo lwempahla, kunye nokunye. 3. I-Wholesalers Network Bhutan (https://www.wholesalersnetwork.com/country/bhutna.html): Njenge-platform ye-intanethi ye-intanethi, le webhusayithi iqulunqa uluhlu lwabathengisi kunye nabasasazo abasebenza kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kweBhutan. Isebenza njengesixhobo esixabisekileyo kumashishini ajonge ukunxibelelana nababoneleli abanokubakho elizweni. 4. ITradeMarketplace (https://itrade.gov.bt/): Iphuhliswe nguMphathiswa weMicimbi yezoQoqosho eBhutan, le ndawo yentengiso ijolise ekukhuthazeni amathuba orhwebo phakathi kwabavelisi/ababoneleli bendawo kunye nabathengi abalindelekileyo abavela kwiimarike zasekhaya kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe. Ibandakanya amashishini ahlukeneyo afana neemveliso zolimo, imisebenzi yezandla, amalaphu njl. 5. I-MyDialo (https://mydialo.com/bt_en/): I-MyDialo yi-platform ye-e-commerce ekhulayo ye-B2B edibanisa amashishini kumazwe amaninzi kuquka neBhutan ngaphakathi kwesisombululo esisodwa esifanelekileyo semarike. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngenxa yobungakanani obulinganiselweyo boqoqosho kunye nezinga lokwamkelwa elicothayo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izizwe ', inani lamaqonga e-B2B eBhutan alibanzi njengakumazwe amakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, iiplatifomu ezikhankanywe ngasentla zibonelela ngesiqalo kumashishini anomdla wokuhlola amathuba okurhweba okanye ukuseka uxhulumaniso kunye namaqabane aseBhutan.
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