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Iimarike eziphambili
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Ilizwe jikelele
I-Romania, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengeRiphabhlikhi yaseRomania, lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma Yurophu. Yabelana ngemida namazwe aliqela aquka iUkraine emantla, iHungary ngasentshona, iSerbia emzantsi-ntshona, iBulgaria emazantsi, neMoldova ngasempuma. Ikomkhulu nesona sixeko sikhulu saseRomania yiBucharest. Igubungela ummandla omalunga nezikwekhilomitha ezingama-238 397, yaye iRomania inemimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo equka iiNtaba zeCarpathian ezikumbindi wommandla namathafa alapho kweminye imimandla yelo lizwe. UMlambo iDanube uqukuqela kumda wawo osemazantsi kwaye uyinxalenye yomda wawo wendalo. Ekubeni inabemi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-19, iRomania lelinye lawona mazwe anabemi baseYurophu. Isizwe sinelifa lenkcubeko etyebileyo ephenjelelwa ziinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana namaRomania (iqela lemveli), amaSaxon (abemi baseJamani), amaHungary (iqaqobana lamaMagyar) kunye namaRom (elona hlanga likhulu lohlanga). IsiRomania sithethwa phantse ngabo bonke abemi kodwa isiHungary nesiJamani zikwangulwimi olwamkelwayo lwengingqi. I-Romania ibone ukukhula okubonakalayo kwezoqoqosho ukususela ekujoyineni i-European Union kwi-2007. Uqoqosho lwayo luxhomekeke kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kuquka imboni, ezolimo, imveliso yamandla kunye neenkonzo. Yaziwa ngokwenza iimoto, iimveliso zombane kunye neshishini lokusulungekisa ioyile. Ilizwe liqhayisa ngezinto ezininzi ezinomtsalane kubakhenkethi kubandakanya iinqaba zamaxesha aphakathi njengeBran Castle edume ngokunxulunyaniswa nebali likaDracula. Ingingqi yaseTransylvania eneendawo ezisemaphandleni ezinomtsalane itsala abakhenkethi abafuna amava emveli yokwenyani ngelixa izixeko ezinjengeTimișoara okanye iSibiu zibonisa ulwakhiwo oluhle oludibanisa iimpembelelo zala maxesha kunye nembali. Abahambi banokuphonononga imimangaliso yendalo ekhethekileyo efana nezindlu zeemonki ezipeyintiweyo okanye iDanube Delta edweliswe yi-UNESCO- ikhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo ezinqabileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Iyonke iRomania inika abakhenkethi umxube wembali, inkcubeko edlamkileyo edityaniswa nobuhle bembonakalo ebukekayo iyenza ibe yindawo enomtsalane kubakhenkethi.
Imali yeSizwe
Imali yaseRomania yiLeu yaseRomania (RON). I-leu ifinyeziwe njenge-RON kwaye ifika kuwo omabini amanqaku ephepha kunye neengqekembe. I-leu yahlulwe yaba yi-100 bani, eziziyunithi ezincinci zemali. Iinkonzo zangoku zemali yaseRomania ziquka i-1 (enqabileyo), 5, 10, 50, 100, kunye ne-200 lei. La manqaku abonisa amanani embali abalulekileyo kunye neendawo ezibalulekileyo kwimbali nakwinkcubeko yaseRomania. Ngokubhekiselele kwiingqekembe zemali, iRomania ivelisa iimvaba kwiimpawu ze-1 ban (inqabileyo), kunye nemilinganiselo emincinci efana neengqekembe ezixabisa i-5, i-10 kunye nexabiso elikhulu ukuya kwii-lei ezininzi. Igunya elisemthethweni elinoxanduva lokwenza imali yiBhanki yeSizwe yaseRomania. Baqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nemfezeko yeleu ngokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo yemali ephilileyo efana nokulawula izinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Iimali zamazwe angaphandle zinokutshintshwa ngaphakathi kweebhanki okanye kwiiofisi zotshintshiselwano ezigunyazisiweyo kulo lonke ilizwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba nangona amakhadi okuthenga ngetyala anjengeVisa okanye iMastercard exhaphake ngokumkeleka kwiihotele okanye kwiindawo zokutyela kwizixeko ezikhulu, kuya kuba bubulumko ukuphatha imali ethile xa usenza iintengiselwano kwiidolophu ezincinci okanye emaphandleni apho iindlela zokuhlawula amakhadi zisenokungafumaneki ngokubanzi. . Lilonke, inkqubo yemali yaseRomania isebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwemida yayo ngelixa ivumela abatyeleli bamanye amazwe ukuba batshintshe ngokulula imali yabo kwi-leu yasekhaya ngokusebenzisa amajelo agunyazisiweyo ukuze bafumane amava angenangxaki ngexesha lokuhlala kwabo kweli lizwe lihle laseMpuma Yurophu.
Imali yokutshintsha
Ithenda esemthethweni yaseRomania yiLeu yaseRomania. Ngezantsi ziqikelelo zotshintshiselwano lwezinye iimali ezinkulu zehlabathi ngokuchasene neleu yaseRomania (ireferensi kuphela) : Idola enye yaseMelika ilingana ne 4.15 leu yaseRomania. Iyuro enye ilingana ne-4.92 leu yaseRomania. Iponti enye ilingana malunga ne-5.52 leu yaseRomania. Idola enye yaseKhanada ilingana ne 3.24 leu yaseRomania. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi ntlawulo zisekelwe kwiimeko zangoku kwaye amaxabiso aphilayo anokwahluka. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge kabini ireyithi yotshintshiselwano yamva nje ngaphambi kokurhweba.
Iiholide ezibalulekileyo
I-Romania lilizwe eliseMpuma Yurophu elaziwa ngobutyebi belifa lenkcubeko kunye nezithethe ezahlukeneyo. Ibhiyozela iiholide ezininzi ezibalulekileyo unyaka wonke, ezibaluleke kakhulu kubantu bayo. Enye yeeholide ezibaluleke kakhulu eRomania nguMhla weSizwe, obhiyozelwa ngoDisemba 1st. Sisikhumbuzo sokudityaniswa kweTransylvania noBukumkani baseRomania ngowe-1918. Olu suku luphawulwa ngeziganeko ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka imingcelele, iikonsathi, nemiboniso yeziqhushumbisi kwilizwe lonke. Enye iholide ebalulekileyo yiIsta. Ibhiyozelwa ngamaOthodoki kunye namaKristu angamaKhatholika, imele umbhiyozo obalulekileyo wonqulo kubantu baseRomania. Iintsapho ziyahlanganisana ukuze ziye kwiinkonzo ezindilisekileyo zecawa kwaye zitye isidlo kunye njengoko ziphuma kwiLente. IKrisimesi nayo ibhiyozelwa ngokubanzi eRomania, kunye nezithethe eziye zadluliselwa kwizizukulwana. Imithi yeKrisimesi ehonjisiweyo iqhelekile ngeli xesha, kwaye abantwana balindele ngolangazelelo izipho eziziswa nguSanta Claus okanye uSaint Nicholas ngoDisemba 25. Iholide yeDragobete ibambe ukubaluleka okukhethekileyo kwizibini zaseRomania njengoko ibhiyozela uthando kunye nokuchuma. Ukuqwalaselwa nge-24 kaFebruwari kunyaka ngamnye, abantu abatsha bachitha ixesha ngaphandle besenza izinto ezivuyisayo ezifana nokucula iingoma zesintu okanye ukudlala imidlalo ehambelana nezithethe zokuthandana. Ukongeza, iMărţişor yiholide eyodwa yaseRomania ebhiyozelwa nge-1 kaMatshi xa abantu benikezela ngeethokheni ezincinci zokuhombisa ezenziwe ngemitya ebomvu nemhlophe ebonisa impilo kunye nethamsanqa unyaka wonke. Okokugqibela, uSuku lwaBantwana lwaMazwe ngamazwe ngomhla woku-1 kuJuni izisa uvuyo kubantwana kulo lonke elaseRomania ngemisitho eyahlukeneyo eququzelelwe ukubhiyozela ulonwabo nempilo-ntle yabo. Izikolo zihlala zisindleka imisebenzi eyodwa efana nokhuphiswano lwezemidlalo okanye iimidlalo ezinikezelwa kubuchule babantwana. Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yeeholide ezibalulekileyo ezibhiyozelwa eRomania ezibonisa ukutyeba kwenkcubeko yayo. Ngamnye ubaluleke kakhulu kubantu baseRomania njengoko bengagcini nje ngokunzulu imvakalelo yabo yobuzwe kodwa bebonelela ngamathuba okuba iintsapho zihlangane kunye embhiyozo.
Imeko yoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
IRomania lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma Yurophu. Inoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo nolukhulayo olugxile kakhulu kurhwebo. Eyona nto ithunyelwa ngaphandle eRomania ibandakanya oomatshini kunye nezixhobo zombane, amalaphu nezihlangu, iimoto, iikhemikhali, iimveliso zezolimo, kunye namafutha. Iindawo eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle kwiimveliso zaseRomania yiJamani, i-Itali, iFransi, iHungary, kunye ne-United Kingdom. La mazwe athatha inxalenye ebalulekileyo yempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle eRomania. Kwelinye icala, iRomania ingenisa ngokuyintloko oomatshini kunye nezixhobo zombane, amafutha ezimbiwa, iimoto, amachiza kunye namayeza. Awona mahlakani aphambili eRomania yiJamani, iGrisi, iHungary, iNetherlands, kunye ne-Itali. Ibhalansi yezorhwebo yelizwe ngokwesiqhelo ibingalunganga ngenxa yokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle okuphezulu kunokuthunyelwa ngaphandle; nangona kunjalo, kule minyaka yakutsha nje, amanqanaba okuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle kwe-Romania aye anda kakhulu, okukhokelele ekuphuculweni kolungelelwaniso lorhwebo. Ukongeza kumaqabane ayo orhwebo, iRomania ifuna amathuba amatsha orhwebo namazwe angaphandle kweYurophu.Kubekho ugxininiso olwandayo ekwandiseni ubudlelwane borhwebo namazwe aseAsia anjengeTshayina, uMzantsi Korea, kunye neJapan ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano ezahlukeneyo zentsebenziswano kwezoqoqosho. I-Romania ikwayinxalenye yeManyano yaseYurophu (EU), ebonelela ngokufikelela kwimarike yangaphakathi enkulu.Nangona imiceli mngeni ngamaxesha athile, iinkampani zaseRomania ziyazuza kubulungu be-EU ngokuthi iimpahla zabo zisiwe ngaphandle kwemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo yerhafu kumazwe angamalungu.Oku kube negalelo ukukhula korhwebo lwelizwe jikelele jikelele. Lilonke, iRomania iyaqhubeka nokubandakanyeka kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, isonwabela intsebenziswano ekudala ikho kulo lonke elaseYurophu kunye nokufuna amathuba amatsha oshishino kwihlabathi jikelele.Ukukhula koqoqosho oluzinzileyo, uzinzo kwezopolitiko, kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zotyalo-mali ziye zatsala abatyali-mali bangaphandle, zivuselela indima yeRomania kurhwebo lwehlabathi.
Uphuhliso lweMakethi olunokubakho
Amandla ophuhliso lwemarike kwicandelo lorhwebo lwangaphandle eRomania luyathembisa kwaye lubonelela ngamathuba amaninzi kumashishini. I-Romania, ekwiMpuma Yurophu, yaziwa ngoqoqosho lwayo olwahlukeneyo kunye nendawo yobuchule kwi-European Union. Enye into enegalelo kurhwebo lwangaphandle lweRomania kukuba ngamalungu ayo kwi-EU. Obu bulungu buvumela amashishini asebenza eRomania ukuba afikelele kwimarike yabathengi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-500. I-EU ikwabonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezifana neenkqubo zesithethe ezenziwe lula, ukuhamba simahla kweempahla kunye neenkonzo, kunye nokufikelela kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoncedo lwezemali. Ukongezelela, iRomania iye yakhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwezoqoqosho kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Oku kukhula kukhokelele ekonyukeni kwamanqanaba engeniso enokulahlwa phakathi kwabemi, okukhokelela kwimfuno enkulu yabathengi yeemveliso ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle. Amashishini afana nelemizi-mveliso, ezolimo, ubugcisa bolwazi kunye neenkonzo aye abona ukwanda okuphawulekayo. IRomania ikwaxhamla kwindawo ekuyo njengesango eliphakathi koMbindi Yurophu kunye neeBalkans. Isebenza njengendawo yohambo ebalulekileyo edibanisa iimarike zaseNtshona Yurophu nezo zisempuma. Ilizwe linothungelwano olubanzi lwezothutho olubandakanya iindlela ezinkulu, oololiwe, izikhululo zeenqwelomoya, kunye namazibuko kuLwandle Olumnyama nakuMlambo iDanube. Ngaphaya koko, iRomania inobuncwane obuninzi bendalo obunje ngoovimba bemithi kunye nomhlaba wokulima ofanele ukulinywa. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngamathuba kumashishini angaphandle ajonge ukutyala imali okanye ukuthumela ngaphandle imathiriyeli ekrwada evela kweli lizwe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iinkampani ezininzi ezisuka kumazwe ngamazwe ziye zabona ukuba iRomania inako ngokuseka iindawo zokuvelisa okanye ikomkhulu lengingqi elizweni. Oku kubonisa ukuzithemba kuzinzo lwemarike kunye nokhuphiswano kumhlaba jikelele. Ngelixa kukho amathuba amaninzi ngaphakathi kwecandelo lorhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseRomania; kubalulekile ukuba amashishini enze uphando olunzulu lwemarike ngaphambi kokungena kule marike. Ukuqonda izinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi basekhaya kunye neemfuno zomthetho ezinxulumene nokungeniswa ngaphandle kuya kuba yimfuneko kwimpumelelo. Ukuqukumbela, sishwankathela zonke ezi zinto- izinto zobulungu be-EU, ukukhula koqoqosho oluzinzileyo, indawo efanelekileyo yejografi, kunye nobutyebi bendalo obuninzi-iRomania ibonakalisa amandla abonakalayo okuxhaphaza amathuba ayo orhwebo angaphandle angasetyenziswanga.
Iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike
Xa kuqwalaselwa imakethi yokuthumela ngaphandle eRomania, kukho iindidi ezininzi zeemveliso ezidumileyo ezinokuthi zikhethelwe ukuthengisa okuphezulu. Ezi ndidi zibandakanya iimpahla kunye namalaphu, izinto zombane, iinxalenye zemoto kunye nezixhobo, ifenitshala, kunye neemveliso zokutya. Ishishini lempahla kunye nelaphu eRomania laziwa ngomgangatho walo ophezulu kunye namaxabiso afikelelekayo. Ke ngoko, ukuthumela ngaphandle iimpahla ezisefashonini ezinje ngeejini, izikipa, iilokhwe kunye nezihlangu kunokuba lukhetho olunengeniso. Iimveliso zelaphu ezifana neekhethini, iiseti zokulala, kunye neetawuli nazo ziyafuneka. I-Electronics lelinye icandelo elinengeniso onokuthi ungene kulo xa ukhetha iimveliso zemarike yaseRomania. Iifowuni eziphathwayo, iilaptops, iitafile, oomabonakude, iikhamera zonke zifunwa kakhulu ngabathengi. Ukongeza, izixhobo zasekhaya ezinjengeefriji, oomatshini bokuhlamba, kunye nee-oveni zemicrowave zinemfuno ekhulayo. Ishishini leemoto laseRomania liye lakhula kwiminyaka yakutshanje kunye nabavelisi abaninzi bezizwe ngezizwe beseka iindawo zokuvelisa apho. Ke iinxalenye zemoto ezinjengeenjini, iigiya, iibhetri, amatayara, kunye nezixhobo zibonakalisa ithuba elithembisayo lokuthengisa ngaphandle. Ifenitshala yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ehlala ithengwa ngabantu baseRomania xa beseka amakhaya okanye belungisa izinto zangaphakathi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno yezinto eziyilwe kakuhle, ibone ukukhula. ukutsala abathengi. Okokugqibela, abantu baseRomania bayakuxabisa ukutya kwesintu kodwa bayakonwabela ukuzifica kwiincasa zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaloo ndlela, ukugxila ekuthengiseni ukutya kumazwe angaphandle kuquka iimveliso zobisi, imayonnaise, iwayini, ipasta, iimpahla ezinkonkxiweyo, i-charcuterie, ubusi, iijam ziya kutsala ingqalelo. ukuhlangabezana nemimiselo yezempilo, ukubeka amaxabiso akhuphisanayo, kunye nokubonelela ngokupakishwa okunomtsalane ukuze kugqame kwiishelufu. Ke ngoko, isitshixo ekukhetheni izinto ezithengiswayo ezishushu kwimarike yorhwebo yangaphandle yaseRomania ilele kwezi ndidi zidumileyo zempahla, impahla, i-elektroniki, iindawo zemoto, ifenitshala, kunye nokutya. Soloko gcina iliso elibukhali kwizinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi, imikhwa, iimfuno zangoku ngelixa uqinisekisa imigangatho elungileyo yomgangatho kumaxabiso akhuphisanayo.Ukusebenzisa ezi zicwangciso kuya kwenza kube lula ukukhethwa kwezinto ezithengiswayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwimarike yaseRomania.
Iimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboo
I-Romania lilizwe elikhethekileyo elikwiMpuma Yurophu elineempawu ezahlukeneyo zabathengi kunye ne-taboos. Ngokweempawu zabathengi, abantu baseRomania baxabisa ubudlelwane kunye noqhagamshelwano lomntu. Ukwakha ukuthembana kunye nokuseka ubudlelwane obuhle nabathengi kubalulekile ekuqhubeni ishishini ngempumelelo eRomania. Ukuthatha ixesha lokwazi abathengi bakho kumgangatho wobuqu kuya kuhamba indlela ende ekwakheni ubudlelwane obuqinileyo beshishini. Abathengi baseRomania bayabuxabisa ubuchwephesha, ukugcina ixesha kunye nokuthembeka. Kubalulekile ukuzalisekisa izithembiso kunye nokuhambisa iimpahla okanye iinkonzo njengoko kuvunyelwene. Ukukhawulezisa iintlanganiso kunye nokuqeshwa kubonisa intlonipho yexesha lomxumi kwaye kubonisa ukuzinikela kwakho. Xa usebenza nabathengi baseRomania, kubalulekile ukuba nomonde njengoko ukwenza izigqibo kuhlala kucotha ngenxa yobulumko kunye nohlalutyo olucokisekileyo. Abantu baseRomania bakhetha ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ngaphambi kokwenza naziphi na izibophelelo okanye izigqibo. Ngokuphathelele kwi-taboos, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuxoxa ngezihloko ezinobuzaza ezifana nembali yaseRomania phantsi kobukomanisi okanye imiba yezopolitiko ephikisanayo ngaphandle kokuba ukhuthazwa ngumxhasi ngokwakhe. Ezi zihloko zinokuhlawuliswa ngokweemvakalelo kwabanye abantu baseRomania, ngoko ke kungcono ukusondela kubo ngovakalelo. Enye i-taboo eRomania ijikeleza ekuhlonipheni indawo yomntu ngexesha lokunxibelelana. Kulumkele ukubambana ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukuwolana ngaphandle kokuba ube nolwalamano olusenyongweni nomntu osebenza naye. Ngapha koko, xa usebenzisana nabathengi baseRomania, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungenzi izigxeko ezithe ngqo okanye izimvo ezingalunganga malunga nenkcubeko okanye izithethe zabo. Endaweni yoko, gxila ekuqaqambiseni imiba emihle yelizwe labo ngelixa behlala benobuntununtunu kwinkcubeko. Ngamafutshane, ukuqonda amaxabiso abathengi baseRomania malunga nokwakha ubudlelwane obusekwe ekuthembekeni nasekuhlonipheni kuya kuba negalelo elibonakalayo kwintsebenziswano yeshishini eliyimpumelelo kweli lizwe likhethekileyo laseYurophu.
Inkqubo yolawulo lweCustoms
Inkqubo yokulawula umda waseRomania kunye nezikhokelo zijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko lwemida yayo ngelixa iququzelela ukuhamba kweendwendwe ezisemthethweni. Ilizwe lilizwe elililungu le-EU, okuthetha ukuba lilandela imigaqo yeSivumelwano se-Schengen malunga nokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwabantu kuMmandla we-Schengen. Amagunya okulawula umda waseRomania aphumeza imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yokulawula ngokufanelekileyo abahambi abangenayo nabaphumayo. Ekufikeni kwabo, bonke abantu bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka baveze incwadana yokundwendwela okanye ikhadi lesazisi elisebenzayo elisuka kwilizwe labo. Abemi abangengabo abe-EU banokufuna i-visa esebenzayo ngaphambi kokungena eRomania, kuxhomekeke kubuzwe babo. Imimiselo yezithethe eRomania ithwala ukufana kwamanye amazwe e-EU. Abahambi kufuneka bachaze izinto ezingaphaya kwexabiso elithile okanye ezinemiqathango ethile, njengemipu, iziyobisi, okanye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela. Izixa zemali ezingaphezulu kwe-10,000 yee-euro nazo kufuneka zibhengezwe xa ungena okanye uphuma. Amagosa olawulo lweepasipoti avavanya iincwadana zokundwendwela/izazisi zabahambi ukuba zisemthethweni kwaye anokuqhuba uphononongo olongezelelweyo xa kukho imfuneko. Kubalulekile ukuba uqinisekise ukuba amaxwebhu esazisi somntu akaphelelwa lixesha phambi kokuba uye eRomania. Izinto ezithile zinokuba phantsi kwezithintelo zokungenisa elizweni okanye zifune iimvume ezikhethekileyo (umzekelo, amayeza afuna imigqaliselo). Kuyacetyiswa ukuba abahambi baziqhelanise nemithetho yezithethe zaseRomania ngaphambi kokungena kweli lizwe. Ngexesha lokuhamba eRomania, amagosa e-customs angacela ukuhlolwa kwemithwalo kunye nempahla yezinto ezingavumelekanga ezikhutshwe ngaphandle kwelizwe ngokungekho mthethweni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okugudileyo kwiindawo zokukhangela abantu abafudukela eRomania, kubalulekile ukuba abatyeleli bathobele yonke imithetho kunye nemimiselo efanelekileyo: 1. Phatha amaxwebhu okuhamba asemthethweni (ipasi/i-ID) ngawo onke amaxesha. 2. Ukuba nee-visa eziyimfuneko ukuba zikhona. 3. Musa ukuphatha iimpahla ezithintelweyo ezifana neziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni okanye imipu. 4. Ziqhelanise nemigaqo yesiqhelo malunga nezibonelelo ezingahlawulelwayo kunye neemfuno zokubhengezwa. 5. Hlonipha nayiphi na imiyalelo eyongezelelweyo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe enikwa ngabasebenzi bolawulo lwemida. 6. Hlala unolwazi malunga nohlaziyo olunokubakho kwiimfuno zokungena ngenxa yokutshintsha kweemeko (ezifana neeprothokholi ezinxulumene ne-COVID-19). Ngokuthobela ezi zikhokelo kunye nokuba onke amaxwebhu afunekayo elungile, abahambi banokonwabela ukungena simahla kunye namava okuphuma eRomania.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu
I-Romania, njengelungu le-European Union (EU), ilandela umgaqo-nkqubo we-EU wezithethe kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu. Ke ngoko, imigaqo-nkqubo yayo yerhafu yokungenisa ikakhulu ihambelana naleyo yamkelwe yi-EU. Ulwakhiwo lwerhafu yokungenisa elizweni e-Romania lulandela indibaniselwano yemisebenzi ethile, imisebenzi ye-ad valorem, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umxube wazo zombini. Imirhumo ethile irhafiswa kwimpahla ngokusekelwe kubungakanani okanye ubunzima bazo, kanti imisebenzi ye-ad valorem ibalwa njengepesenti yexabiso elibhengeziweyo lemveliso. Kwimpahla yamazwe angengawo e-EU engeniswe e-Romania, iphantsi kwerhafu yerhafu echazwe phantsi kwe-EU Common Customs Tariff. Olu luhlu lweerhafu lusetyenziswa ngokusekwe kwiikhowudi zeHarmonized System (HS) ezihlela iimveliso ngokwamaqela ahlukeneyo ngeenjongo zerhafu. Ezona ntlawulo zixhomekeke kubume bempahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Ukongeza kwezi rhafu, irhafu eyongeziweyo (i-VAT) iphinda isetyenziswe kwizinto ezininzi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezingena eRomania ngezinga eliqhelekileyo le-19%. Nangona kunjalo, iimpahla ezithile ezibalulekileyo zinokuthwala amaxabiso athotyiweyo e-VAT ukusuka kwi-5% ukuya kwi-9%. Kubalulekile ukuba abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle baphendule ngezi ndleko zongezelelweyo xa bebala iindleko zabo zizonke. Abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle kufuneka baqonde ukuba kunokubakho ukukhululwa okanye ukucuthwa kweerhafu zokungenisa elizweni kwiindidi ezithile ezifana nemathiriyeli ekrwada esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zemveliso okanye izinto ezijolise ekukhuthazeni amacandelo athile oqoqosho. Oku kukhululwa kudla ngokunikezelwa ngokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya ezithile kunye neziqinisekiso ezivela kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba abantu okanye amashishini aceba ukubandakanyeka kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye neRomania abonisane nabasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni okanye afune iingcebiso zobungcali ukuze aqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kwayo yonke imimiselo esebenzayo yokungenisa impahla kunye nokuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo iindleko zizonke ezinxulumene nokungeniswa kwempahla elizweni.
Iipolisi zerhafu ezithumela ngaphandle
I-Romania lilizwe eliseMpuma Yurophu elaziwa ngoluhlu lwalo lwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ilizwe liphumeze umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu oncomekayo ukuxhasa ishishini lalo lokuthumela ngaphandle. E-Romania, irhafu yerhafu yengeniso yenkampani ngokubanzi yi-16%, esebenza kuwo onke amashishini, kubandakanywa nabo babandakanyeka ekuthumeleni iimpahla. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukukhululwa okuthile kunye nenkuthazo ekhoyo kwiinkampani ezijolise kumazwe angaphandle. Okokuqala, iinkampani ezenza ubuncinci be-80% yengeniso yazo iyonke kwimpahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle zifanelekile ukuba zingahlawuli irhafu yengeniso yenkampani kwiingeniso zazo. Lo mlinganiso ujolise ekukhuthazeni iinkampani ukuba zigxile kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokukhuthaza icandelo lokuthumela ngaphandle laseRomania. Ukongeza, irhafu eyongeziweyo (i-VAT) yenye inkalo ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yerhafu yempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle eRomania. Iimpahla ezilungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle zithathwa ngokuba zinomlinganiselo we-zero ngeenjongo ze-VAT. Oku kuthetha ukuba abathumeli-mpahla ngaphandle abababizi abathengi babo nayiphi na i-VAT kwiintengiselwano ezinjalo. Endaweni yoko, banokufaka ibango lembuyekezo kwi-VAT yegalelo elihlawulweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso okanye ukuthengwa kweempahla/iinkonzo ezinxulumene nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ukuze bafaneleke ukuba babonelelwe ngexabiso elinguziro, abathumeli bangaphandle kufuneka banike ubungqina obubhaliweyo obuqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zimkile eRomania zangena kwelinye ilizwe okanye ummandla ongaphandle kweEuropean Union (EU). Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kunokubakho imigaqo kunye neemfuno ezixhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso ethunyelwa ngaphandle okanye ilizwe ekusingwa kulo elibandakanyekayo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba abathumeli bangaphandle babonisane nabasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni okanye bathethathethane neengcali ezinolwazi malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yezemali yaseRomania ngaphambi kokwenza urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Lilonke, imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu encomekayo yaseRomania inceda ukuvuselela uqoqosho lwayo ngokukhuthaza amashishini ukuba abandakanyeke kwimisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle ngelixa eqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemithetho ye-EU malunga nemiba yerhafu.
Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo zokuthumela ngaphandle
I-Romania, ekuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, yaziwa ngoluhlu lwayo lweemveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zaseRomania, ilizwe liphumeze inkqubo yokuqinisekisa. Igunya eliphambili elijongene nezatifikethi zokuthumela ngaphandle eRomania liZiko leSizwe lokuQinisekisa kunye neSiqinisekiso (INCERCOM). I-INCERCOM isebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye namaqumrhu ahlukeneyo ajongene noshishino ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezana nemigangatho yelizwe kunye nehlabathi jikelele. Abathengisi bangaphandle eRomania kufuneka bathobele imimiselo ethile kwaye bafumane izatifikethi ezisemthethweni ngaphambi kokuba bathumele iimpahla phesheya. Ezi ziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla ziye zavavanywa ngokuqatha kwaye zithobela umgangatho, ukhuseleko kunye nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo. Esinye isiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo e-Romania yi-ISO 9001. Lo mgangatho wamkelwa ngamazwe ngamazwe uqinisekisa ukuba abathumeli bangaphandle baneenkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho ezisebenzayo. Ibonisa ukuzibophelela kweRomania ekuboneleleni ngeemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiimarike zehlabathi. Ukongeza, abathumeli bangaphandle baseRomania banokufumana izatifikethi ezifana ne-ISO 14001 yolawulo lokusingqongileyo okanye i-OHSAS 18001 yempilo nokhuseleko emsebenzini. Oku kubonakalisa ukuzinikela kwabo kwimisebenzi ezinzileyo kunye nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Iimveliso zezolimo zaseRomania zihlala zifuna izatifikethi ezithile nazo. UMphathiswa wezoLimo uyongamela le nkqubo ngokunikezela ngezatifikethi ezifana neNdlela eKhuselweyo yokuMisela iMvelaphi (PDO) okanye iSalathiso seJografi esiKhuselweyo (PGI). Ezi zatifikethi zikhusela iindlela zokulima zaseRomania ngelixa ziqinisekisa ubunyani bemveliso. Ngaphaya koko, xa kuthethwa ngokuthumela ukutya kumazwe angaphandle, ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yeManyano yaseYurophu (EU) kubalulekile. UMgaqo-nkqubo wezoLimo oQhelekileyo we-EU uchaza izikhokelo ezingqongqo malunga nokulandela imvelaphi yemveliso, ukuchaneka kokufakwa kweelebhile kunye nezenzo zentlalontle yezilwanyana ngexesha lemveliso yemfuyo - yonke imiba ebalulekileyo yokukhutshwa kwesatifikethi ngaphakathi kwe-Romania. Ekugqibeleni, ezi ziqinisekiso zokuthumela ngaphandle ziqinisa isidima saseRomania njengeqabane elithembekileyo lokurhweba ngokubonisa ukuthobela imigangatho yelizwe nehlabathi kuwo wonke amashishini awohlukeneyo. Ngokuzinikezela kumanyathelo okuqinisekisa umgangatho ngeenkqubo zoqinisekiso olubanzi, iRomania izibeka ngokukhuphisanayo kwindawo yentengiso yehlabathi.
Ulungiselelo lolungiselelo olucetyiswayo
IRomania lilizwe elikwiMpuma Yurophu, elaziwa ngembali yalo etyebileyo kunye neendawo ezintle zomhlaba. Xa kuziwa kulungiselelo kunye nokuhamba, iRomania ibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi ezicetyiswa kakhulu. 1. Izothutho eziNdleleni: IRomania inothungelwano olubanzi lweendlela ezidibanisa izixeko ezikhulu needolophu, nto leyo eyenza uthutho lweendlela lube yindlela ethembekileyo yolungiselelo. Ilizwe linoohola bendlela abagcinwe kakuhle abaququzelela ukuthuthwa kwempahla ngokufanelekileyo. Kukho iinkampani ezininzi zeelori eRomania ezibonelela ngeenkonzo zasekhaya nezamazwe aphesheya. 2. Uthutho lukaloliwe: I-Romania ikwanothungelwano lukaloliwe olusebenzayo oludibanisa imimandla eyahlukeneyo yelizwe kunye namazwe angabamelwane anjengeBulgaria, iHungary, iUkraine, neSerbia. Uthutho lothutho lukaloliwe luyonga iindleko kumthamo omkhulu wempahla kumgama omde. 3. Iinkonzo zothutho lweenqwelomoya: Ukuthunyelwa kwexesha okanye ixabiso eliphezulu, iinkonzo zothutho ngenqwelomoya zinconywa kakhulu eRomania. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya iHenri Coandă International eBucharest sesona sikhululo seenqwelomoya sixakekileyo kweli lizwe kwaye sisebenza njengendawo yokuhambisa imithwalo. Ezinye izikhululo zeenqwelo moya ezinkulu kulo lonke elaseRomania zikwabonelela ngeendawo zomthwalo womoya ezineenkqubo zokuphatha ezifanelekileyo. 4. Amazibuko Nezothutho Zaselwandle: Ngenxa yendawo ekunxweme loLwandle Olumnyama, iRomania inamazibuko aliqela anorhwebo lwaselwandle lwasekhaya nolwamazwe ngamazwe. Izibuko laseConstanta lelona zibuko likhulu kweli lizwe kwaye libonelela ngoqhagamshelo olugqwesileyo kwamanye amazibuko aseYurophu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthumela ngenqanawa. I-5.Izixhobo ze-Warehouse: Ngokubhekiselele kwizisombululo zokugcinwa kwemisebenzi ye-Logistics, i-Romania inikezela uluhlu olubanzi lweendawo zokugcina iimpahla kunye neziseko zanamhlanje kwiidolophu ezahlukeneyo ezifana neBucharest, iCluj-Napoca, iTimisoara, njl. Ababoneleli be-6.Logistics: Kukho ababoneleli abaninzi bezothutho abasebenza eRomania ababonelela ngezisombululo zokuphela-ukuya-ekupheleni kubandakanya neenkonzo zokuthunyelwa kwempahla (zombini ulwandle kunye nomoya), uncedo lokucocwa kwesithethe, kunye nenkxaso yolawulo lokubonelela. Aba baboneleli banamava okusebenza kunye nemimiselo yendawo, iinkonzo zokuhambelana neemfuno zeshishini ngalinye Lilonke, indawo yaseRomania izibonelelo zezothutho ezifanelekileyo, iyibeka ngokuqinileyo njengokhetho olubalaseleyo lokuseka amajelo asebenzayo, angabizi kakhulu ukunceda abathengi basekhaya nabamazwe ngamazwe.
Imijelo yophuhliso lwabathengi

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

I-Romania lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu kwaye iye yaba yindawo enomtsalane kubathengi bamanye amazwe abajonge ukufumana iimpahla ezisemgangathweni ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo. Ilizwe libonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo zokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe kwaye libambe imiboniso emininzi ebalulekileyo yorhwebo. Eli nqaku lijonge ukuphonononga eminye yale miba ibalulekileyo yemeko yeshishini lamazwe ngamazwe eRomania. Ijelo elinye elibalulekileyo lokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe eRomania yindawo yentengiso ye-intanethi. Amaqonga okurhweba nge-elektroniki anje nge-OLX, i-eMag, kunye ne-Cel.ro zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabathengi basekhaya nabangaphandle ukufumana uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lweemveliso kubandakanya i-elektroniki, izinto zasekhaya, iimpahla, kunye nokunye. La maqonga abonelela ngendlela efanelekileyo kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuba badibanise nabathengisi kwilizwe lonke. Enye indlela ebalulekileyo yokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe eRomania kukusebenzisa iiarhente zorhwebo okanye abasasazi. Aba balamleli baye baseka uthungelwano ngaphakathi kwimarike yasekhaya kwaye banokunceda ukudibanisa iinkampani zangaphandle kunye nababoneleli okanye abavelisi balapha ekhaya. Babonelela ngoncedo oluxabisekileyo kuguqulelo lweelwimi, uphando lwemarike, inkxaso yolungiselelo, kunye nolawulo lokusasaza. I-Romania ikwabonelela ngamathuba abalulekileyo ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso yorhwebo kunye nemiboniso. Omnye umsitho obalaseleyo nguMboniso woRhwebo weZizwe ngeZizwe we-INDAGRA weZixhobo kunye neeMveliso kwezoLimo obanjwa minyaka le eBucharest. Itsala abathengi abaninzi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe abanomdla koomatshini bezolimo, iimveliso zokulima imfuyo, izixhobo zokulungisa ukutya, phakathi kwezinye. Umboniso wezoKhenketho weHlabathi (i-TTR) obanjwa minyaka le eBucharest sesinye isiganeko esiphawulekayo esikhuthaza iimveliso ezinxulumene nokhenketho ezivela kwihlabathi liphela. Isebenza njengeqonga eligqwesileyo lee-arhente zokuhamba, amakhonkco ehotele, ababoneleli bezothutho ukubonisa iminikelo yabo kumaqabane anokubakho aseRomania. Ngaphaya koko, uMboniso weROMHOTEL ozinikele ngokukodwa kwiihotele udibanisa ababoneleli abasuka kumacandelo ngamacandelo afana nabavelisi befanitshala ababonelela ngezisombululo ezilungiselelwe iimfuno zeehotele ngokukodwa. UMboniso woMbane waMazwe ngaMazwe kunye nooThutho (E&D) ugxile kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji enxulumene nezixhobo zombane zokwenza izixhobo ezizenzekelayo ezitsala iingcali ezivela kumashishini afana nemveliso yamandla okanye i-automation yemizi-mveliso. Ngaphaya koko, i-COSMOPACK-UKUPAKEKISWA KWE-FAIR imema iingcali ezinomdla kubuchwephesha bokuvelisa zombini kodwa zikwazi nokugcina izisombululo zokupakisha. Ukongeza, iRomania iyinxalenye yeManyano yaseYurophu (EU) kwaye inokufikelela kwimarike enye ye-EU. Oku kuvumela abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuba bathathe ithuba lokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwempahla ngaphakathi kwe-EU xa bengenisa iimveliso ezivela eRomania. Ikwaqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezenziwe eRomania ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho kunye nemimiselo ye-EU. Ukuqukumbela, iRomania ibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo zokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe, kubandakanya iimarike ze-intanethi, iiarhente zorhwebo/ abasasazi, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso yorhwebo. Ezi ndlela zibonelela ngamathuba kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuba baqhagamshelane nababoneleli / abavelisi baseRomania kumacandelo ahlukeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba lilungu le-EU yongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokuthembeka kunye nokulula xa uqhuba ukuthengiselana kwezoshishino kunye nabalingane baseRomania.
E-Romania, eyona njini yokukhangela isetyenziswa kakhulu nguGoogle. Ungafikelela kuyo www.google.ro. Inika uluhlu olubanzi lweziphumo zokukhangela kwaye ineempawu ezininzi eziluncedo zokuphucula amava omsebenzisi. Enye injini yokukhangela edumileyo eRomania yiBing, enokufumaneka ku-www.bing.com. Ibonelela ngokusebenza okufanayo kuGoogle kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa njengenye indlela. I-Romania ikwanayo injini yokukhangela yendawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-StartPage.ro (www.startpage.ro). Ibonelela ngeziphumo zendawo kwaye ibonelela ngokukodwa abaphulaphuli baseRomania ngomxholo ofanelekileyo. Kukho ezinye ii-injini zokukhangela ezimbalwa ezingaziwayo kodwa ezisasetyenziswa ngabanye abantu baseRomania. Ezi ziquka iYahoo (www.yahoo.com), iDuckDuckGo (duckduckgo.com), kunye neYandex (www.yandex.com). Kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuba ngelixa uGoogle uhlala eyinjini yokukhangela ephambili eRomania, kunokubakho umahluko wengingqi okanye ukhetho lomntu xa kuziwa ekukhetheni injini yokukhangela ekhethwayo.

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

Amaphepha aphambili atyheli eRomania aquka: 1. Pagini Aurii (https://paginiaurii.ro) - Olu luluhlu olusemthethweni lwe-intanethi ye-Romania, lubonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukukhangela iinkampani ezithile kwaye inika iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano, iidilesi, kunye neenkonzo ezibonelelwa lishishini ngalinye. 2. YellowPages Romania (https://yellowpages.ro) - Olunye uvimba weefayili we-intanethi odumileyo eRomania, iYellowPages inikezela ngogcino-lwazi olubanzi lwamashishini aququzelelwe ngokweendidi. Abasebenzisi banokukhangela iinkampani ezisekelwe kwindawo, uhlobo loshishino, okanye iimveliso/iinkonzo ezithile. 3. Cylex Romania (https://www.cylex.ro) -Cylex ibonelela ngoluhlu lwamashishini anokukhangelwa kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo eRomania. Inika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga noluhlu ngalunye, kubandakanya ulwazi loqhagamshelwano, iiyure zokuvula, iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo, kunye nophononongo lwabathengi. 4. 11800 (https://www.chirii-romania.ro/) - I-11800 yiwebhusayithi ekhethekileyo yamaphepha omthubi egxile kuluhlu lwezindlu zokuhlala eRomania. Abasebenzisi banokufumana iiflethi ezirentwayo okanye ezithengiswayo kwaye bajonge neendawo zorhwebo ezifumanekayo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yelizwe. 5. I-QDPM Aplicatia Mobile (http://www.qdpm-telecom.ro/aplicatia-mobile.php) - I-QDPM Telecom ibonelela ngeqonga elisekelwe kwi-app elivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafikelele kwinkonzo yolawulo lwe-carrier yefowuni ngqo kwii-smartphones zabo okanye iithebhulethi. usebenzisa iinketho zokukhangela zealphanumeric. Ezi zikhokelo zephepha elityheli zibonelela ngezixhobo ezixabisekileyo kubantu abafuna ulwazi malunga namashishini, ukufumaneka kweenkonzo phakathi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseRomania. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezinye iiwebhusayithi zinokufuna ukuguqulelwa ukusuka kwisiRomania ukuya kwisiNgesi ukuba awulwazi kakuhle ulwimi

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

IRomania, ilizwe elikwiMpuma Yurophu, inamaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce. Nazi ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo ngee-URL zabo: 1. I-EMAG - Enye yabathengisi abakhulu be-intanethi e-Romania, ibonelela ngeemveliso ezininzi eziquka izinto zombane, izixhobo zasekhaya, izinto zefashoni, nokunye. -Iwebhusayithi: https://www.emag.ro/ 2. OLX -Iwebhusayithi yentengiso edumileyo apho abasebenzisi banokuthenga kwaye bathengise izinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iimoto, izindlu, izixhobo zombane kunye neenkonzo. -Iwebhusayithi: https://www.olx.ro/ 3. I-Flanco - Ivenkile ye-intanethi ekhethekileyo ekuthengiseni i-electronics kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya ezifana nee-TV, ii-smartphones tablets ii-laptops iikhompyutha ezihlamba oomatshini iifriji njl. -Iwebhusayithi: https://www.flanco.ro/ 4. IiNtsuku zeFashoni-Iqonga eliphambili lefashoni ye-e-commerce e-Romania elibonelela ngempahla yamadoda, abasetyhini kunye nabantwana abavela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo. -Iwebhusayithi: https://www.fashiondays.ro/ 5. Elefant - Indawo yentengiso ye-intanethi ethengisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso ukusuka kwizinto zombane ukuya kwiimveliso zobuhle ukuya kwizinto zokuhombisa ekhaya. -Iwebhusayithi: https://www.elefant.ro/ 6. I-Carrefour Online-Iqonga le-intanethi yekhonkco elidumileyo le-hypermarket iCarrefour Romania ebonelela ngeegrosari ezintsha zivelisa izinto ezibalulekileyo zokhathalelo lomntu njl.njl. -Iwebhusayithi: https://online.carrefour.ro/ 7. I-Mall.CZ-Igxile kumthengi wombane onjengeefowuni eziphathwayo iitafile ezisebenzisa izixhobo zokudlala izixhobo njl.njl kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane kunye neemveliso zendlela yokuphila. -Iwebhusayithi: www.mall.cz 8.Elefante.Ro-Umthengisi ugxile ekuthengiseni iimpahla zomntwana zokudlala izixhobo zokuhombisa izixhobo zokubeleka umthombo: https://elefante.ro Le yimizekelo nje yamaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce eRomania; kukwakho nezinye iiwebhusayithi ezininzi ezincinci ezilungiselela iindawo ezithile okanye amashishini ngaphakathi kwendawo yorhwebo yelizwe. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukufumaneka kwewebhusayithi kunokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhangele la maqonga usebenzisa amagama abo kwi-injini yokukhangela olona lwazi luhlaziyiweyo.

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

I-Romania, ilizwe elihle elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, inomboniso odlamkileyo nosebenzayo weendaba zoluntu. Nanga amanye amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo adumileyo eRomania kunye nee-URL zabo zewebhusayithi: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com): I-Facebook yeyona ndawo idumileyo yenethiwekhi yoluntu eRomania, njengakwamanye amazwe amaninzi. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baqhagamshelane nabahlobo kunye nosapho, babelane ngeefoto kunye neevidiyo, benze imicimbi, bajoyine amaqela, kwaye balandele amaphepha anomdla. 2. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com): I-Instagram yindawo esetyenziswa kakhulu yefoto kunye nevidiyo yokwabelana ngevidiyo evumela abasebenzisi ukuba babambe amaxesha kwaye babelane ngawo nabalandeli babo. Uninzi lwabantu baseRomania basebenzisa i-Instagram ukubonisa izakhono zabo zokufota okanye ukubhala ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. 3. I-LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): I-LinkedIn ngokuyintloko yiwebhusayithi yokunxibelelana yobuchwephesha apho abantu ngabanye banokwenza iiprofayili zobungcali, benze unxibelelwano ngaphakathi kweshishini labo okanye indawo yomdla, bafune amathuba emisebenzi, kunye nokunxibelelana nabanye abachwephesha. 4. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com): I-Twitter liqonga le-intanethi le-microblogging kunye nenethiwekhi yoluntu apho abasebenzisi banokuthumela imiyalezo emifutshane eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"tweets." Abantu baseRomania basebenzisa i-Twitter ukuze bahlale behlaziywa ngeziganeko zeendaba okanye balandele amanani oluntu avela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. 5. I-TikTok (www.tiktok.com/ro/): I-TikTok sisicelo sokwabelana ngevidiyo esaziwayo apho abasebenzisi banokwenza kwaye bafumanise iiklip zevidiyo ezimfutshane ezisetelwe kumculo okanye izandi eziluma. Ifumene ukuthandwa ngokubanzi phakathi kwezizukulwana eziselula eRomania ngezixhobo zayo zokudala umxholo. 6. I-Snapchat (www.snapchat.com): I-Snapchat yindawo yokwabelana ngomfanekiso eyaziwayo ngokunyamalala kwayo umxholo. Abasebenzisi banokuthumela iifoto okanye iividiyo ngqo kubahlobo okanye bazipapashe njengamabali ahlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokunyamalala. 7. I-Reddit (www.reddit.com/r/Romania/): I-Reddit yindawo yoluntu esekelwe kwiforum ye-intanethi apho amalungu abhalisiweyo angakwazi ukubandakanya iingxoxo ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa izithuba zetekisi okanye izimvo ezenziwe ngabanye abathathi-nxaxheba. 8. I-Pinterest (www.pinterest.ro): I-Pinterest isebenza njenge-pinboard ye-intanethi apho abasebenzisi banokufumanisa kwaye bagcine imibono yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinomdla ezifana nokuhombisa ikhaya, imfashini, iiresiphi zokupheka, iindawo zokuhamba, kunye nokunye. 9. I-YouTube (www.youtube.com): Iqonga lokwabelana ngevidiyo elidumileyo livumela abasebenzisi ukuba balayishe, bajonge, balinganise, babelane kwaye bahlomle kwiividiyo. Uninzi lwabantu baseRomania basebenzisa iYouTube njengomthombo wokuzonwabisa okanye ukulandela abadali bomxholo abawuthandayo. 10. I-TikTalk (www.tiktalk.ro): I-TikTalk liqonga leendaba lasekuhlaleni laseRomania elifana ne-Twitter. Ijolise kwiincoko ezisekelwe kwisicatshulwa eziququzelelwe zii-hashtag okanye izihloko ezihamba phambili. Ezi zimbalwa zamaqonga eendaba ezentlalo asetyenziswa rhoqo eRomania. Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezinomdla kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo, abantu banokubandakanyeka kunye namanye amaqonga e-niche agxile kwizinto abazonwabisa ngazo okanye amabala obuchule phakathi kwelizwe leendaba zentlalo ezahlukeneyo.

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

E-Romania, kukho imibutho emininzi ebalulekileyo yoshishino emele amacandelo ahlukeneyo oqoqosho. Le mibutho idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeleni phambili umdla wamashishini abo kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula nentsebenziswano phakathi kwayo. Nantsi eminye imibutho yeshishini edumileyo eRomania kunye neewebhusayithi zabo: 1. IiNkokheli zeShishini zaseRomania (RBL) - Lo mbutho udibanisa ii-CEO ezivela kwiinkampani eziphambili zaseRomania kumacandelo ngamacandelo. Iinjongo zabo kukufaka isandla kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwemekobume yezoshishino yelizwe. umthombo: https://rbls.ro/ 2. I-Romanian Association for Electronic and Software Industry (ARIES) - I-ARIES imele i-IT kunye necandelo lophuhliso lwesoftware e-Romania, ikhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo ekhuthaza ukutsha, ukukhula, kunye noshishino. Iwebhusayithi: https://aries.ro/en 3. I-Romanian Association of Banks (ARB) - I-ARB isebenza njengequmrhu elimele iibhanki ezisebenza ngaphakathi e-Romania, isebenzela ukukhuthaza imimiselo ezinzileyo yezemali kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eququzelela imisebenzi yebhanki. umthombo: https://www.arb.ro/ro/ 4. IManyano yeSizwe yabaQeshi baseRomania (UNPR) - UNPR imele abaqeshi abavela kuwo onke amacandelo e-Romania, bekhonza njengommeli wabo ngokujongana nemiba yemarike yezemisebenzi, ukuphembelela uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko, nokukhuthaza iingxoxo phakathi kwabameli babaqeshi. umthombo: http://unpr.ro/ 5. Umbutho weSizwe woKhuseleko lweeNkqubo zoLwazi (ANSI) - I-ANSSI igxile ekukhuthazeni ulwazi lwe-cybersecurity phakathi kwamashishini kunye nabantu ngabanye ngelixa imele iingcali zokhuseleko lolwazi kumashishini ahlukeneyo. umthombo: https://anssi.eu/ 6. I-Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania (CCIR) - I-CCIR isebenza njengombutho ohamba phambili wezoshishino omele amacandelo ahlukeneyo ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezifana nenkxaso yokukhuthaza urhwebo, uphando lwezoqoqosho kunye nohlalutyo njl. umthombo: http://ccir.ro/index.php?sect=home&lang=en&detalii=index Le yimizekelo nje embalwa phakathi kwemibutho emininzi yoshishino ekhoyo eRomania enegalelo elikhulu ekumiseni ubume boqoqosho lwelizwe ngeenzame zokwazisa ezilungiselelwe iimfuno neemfuno zamacandelo athile.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

IRomania lilizwe elikwiMpuma Yurophu. Inoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo olunamashishini awomeleleyo kwimveliso, ezolimo, iinkonzo, kunye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo ezikhoyo ezibonelela ngolwazi malunga nokusingqongileyo kweshishini laseRomania, amathuba otyalo-mali, kunye nemimiselo yorhwebo. Nazi ezinye zezona zibalaseleyo: 1. Utshintshiselwano loShishino lwaseRomania (www.rbe.ro): Le webhusayithi ibonelela ngeqonga kumashishini aseRomania ukunxibelelana namaqabane aphesheya. Ibonelela ngoluhlu lwamashishini, amathuba otyalo-mali, kunye nohlaziyo lweendaba malunga nemarike yaseRomania. 2. I-Ofisi yoRhwebo yase-Romania (www.trade.gov.ro): Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yoMphathiswa wezoQoqosho idala ulwazi malunga ne-Romania yokuthumela ngaphandle kwaye ijolise ekutsaleni utyalo-mali lwangaphandle. Inika ulwazi malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo, imisitho, izifundo zemarike, iithenda, nokunye. 3. I-Romania Insider (www.romania-insider.com/business/): Nangona ubukhulu becala ingosi yeendaba egubungela imiba eyahlukeneyo yaseRomania efana nenkcubeko nokhenketho; ibandakanya amacandelo anikezelwe kwiindaba zoshishino ngokunjalo. Inika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseRomania. I-4.i-Romanian National Bank (www.bnr.ro): Ibhanki ephakathi yaseRomania idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni uzinzo lwezemali ngaphakathi kwelizwe. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikezela ngedatha yeenkcukacha-manani kwiimpawu eziphambili zezoqoqosho ezifana nezinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye namaxabiso otshintshiselwano. I-5.Romania-Export.com: Eli qonga lijolise ngokukodwa ekukhuthazeni iinkampani zaseRomania zokuthumela ngaphandle ngokunikezela ngezalathisi zoshishino ezihlelwe ngokwemimandla yoshishino efana nezolimo/ukulungisa ukutya okanye amacandelo okuvelisa. 6. I-Romanian Chamber of Commerce (www.ccir.ro/en): Uthungelwano oludibanisa amagumbi asekuhlaleni aququzelela intsebenziswano zasekhaya kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe ezinikezela ngeenkonzo zeshishini ezifana nezatifikethi okanye iingcebiso zomthetho xa usenza ishishini ngaphakathi okanye namaqumrhu aseRomania Ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezixabisekileyo kubantu abanomdla ekuphononongeni amathuba ezoqoqosho naworhwebo ngaphakathi eRomania okanye ukufumana ulwazi ngeemeko zayo zentengiso.

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

Idatha yorhwebo yaseRomania inokufikelelwa kwiiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente kunye nedathabheyisi yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Nantsi eminye imithombo ethembekileyo yokufumana ulwazi lwezorhwebo lwaseRomania: 1. I-Romanian National Institute of Statistics (INSSE) - I-arhente yeenkcukacha-manani esemthethweni yaseRomania inikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani zorhwebo ezibanzi kwiwebhusayithi yayo. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://insse.ro/cms/en 2. Idesika yoNcedo yoRhwebo yeKhomishini yaseYurophu- Eli qonga libonelela ngofikelelo kwezona nkcukacha zamva nje zeManyano yaseYurophu yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle, kuquka nezo zaseRomania. umthombo: https://trade.ec.europa.eu/ 3. Iziko loRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (ITC) - I-ITC ibonelela nge-portal ebizwa ngokuba "yiMaphu yoRhwebo" enikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani ezineenkcukacha zorhwebo kumazwe ehlabathi jikelele, kuquka neRomania. umthombo: https://www.trademap.org/ 4. IWorld Bank Open Data - IBhanki yeHlabathi ibonelela ngokufikelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwezalathisi zoqoqosho, kubandakanywa idatha yorhwebo lwangaphandle kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa neRomania. Iwebhusayithi: https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators 5. United Nations Comtrade Database - Lo vimba weenkcukacha wenza ukuba abasebenzisi baphonononge iinkcukacha-manani zokurhweba ngempahla yamazwe ngamazwe ezibonelelwa ngabasemagunyeni kuthutho lwesizwe. Ibandakanya ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokungeniswa ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Romania. umthombo: https://comtrade.un.org/ Ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngedatha ebanzi ngorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwaseRomania, olufana nexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokungenisa elizweni, ukuhlelwa kweemveliso, amazwe angamahlakani, kunye nolunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo olunxulumene nemisebenzi yorhwebo lwelizwe jikelele. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba undwendwele le mithombo isemthethweni ngokuthe ngqo kunye nedatha yorhwebo echanekileyo kunye nehlaziyiweyo malunga neRomania kunokuthembela kuphela kwiiwebhusayithi ezingekho semthethweni okanye zeqela lesithathu ezinokuthenjwa kwazo kunokwahluka.

amaqonga B2b

Kukho iiplatifti ezininzi zeB2B eRomania ezidibanisa amashishini kwaye ziququzelele urhwebo. Nazi ezinye zezona zidumileyo: 1. I-Romanian-Business.com: Eli qonga lijolise ekukhuthazeni iinkampani zaseRomania kunye neemveliso kwihlabathi jikelele. Ibonelela ngoluhlu lweshishini kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, ivumela uqhagamshelo lwe-B2B. Iwebhusayithi: www.romanian-business.com 2. I-Romaniatrade.net: Eli qonga lenza abathengisi baseRomania banxibelelane nabathengi bamanye amazwe kwaye bandise iimarike zabo kwihlabathi jikelele. Ibonelela ngezixhobo zeB2B zokumatanisa, iinkokeli zorhwebo, kunye nezalathiso zoshishino. iwebhusayithi: www.Romaniatrade.net 3. S.C.EUROPAGES ROMANIA S.R.L.: I-Europages liqonga eliphambili le-B2B elidibanisa amashishini asuka kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kuquka neRomania. Ivumela iinkampani ukuba zibonise iimveliso / iinkonzo zazo, zifumane amaqabane anokubakho okanye ababoneleli, kunye nokukhuthaza amathuba oshishino kumazwe angaphandle. umthombo: www.europages.ro 4. I-TradeKey yase-Romania: I-TradeKey yimarike ye-B2B yehlabathi equka icandelo elizinikeleyo lamashishini ase-Romania ngokunjalo. Ivumela abathengi kunye nabathengisi ukuba baqhagamshelane, bathethathethane ngezivumelwano, kwaye bajonge iimarike ezintsha ngaphakathi kweRomania okanye kumazwe angaphandle. iwebhusayithi: romania.tradekey.com 5.WebDirectori.com.ro –Incwadi yewebhu egcweleyo eRomania edwelisa amashishini ahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi elizweni. iwebhusayithi: webdirectori.com.ro Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yamaqonga e-B2B adumileyo eRomania apho amashishini anokufuna ubuhlakani obutsha kwaye andise ukufikelela kwawo ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngokusebenzisa amajelo e-intanethi.
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