More

TogTok

Izimakethe Eziyinhloko
right
Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
I-Romania, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengeRiphabhulikhi yaseRomania, iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu. Ihlanganyela imingcele namazwe amaningana ahlanganisa i-Ukraine enyakatho, iHungary ngasentshonalanga, iSerbia eningizimu-ntshonalanga, iBulgaria eningizimu, neMoldova empumalanga. Inhloko-dolobha nedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eRomania yiBucharest. Njengoba ihlanganisa indawo engaba amakhilomitha-skwele angu-238 397, iRomania inendawo ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa iziNtaba ZaseCarpathian esifundeni esimaphakathi namathafa kwezinye izingxenye zezwe. Umfula iDanube ugeleza ngasemngceleni wawo oseningizimu futhi uyingxenye yomngcele wawo ongokwemvelo. Njengoba inabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-19, iRomania ingelinye lamazwe aseYurophu anabantu abaningi kakhulu. Isizwe sinamagugu amasiko acebile athonywa impucuko ehlukahlukene njengamaRomania (iqembu lendabuko), amaSaxon (izifiki zaseJalimane), amaHungary (idlanzana laseMagyar) kanye namaRom (isizwe esincane esikhulu kunazo zonke). IsiRomania sikhulunywa cishe yizo zonke izakhamizi kodwa isiHungary nesiJalimane nazo ziyizilimi zesifunda ezaziwayo. I-Romania ibone ukukhula komnotho okuphawulekayo kusukela ijoyina i-European Union ngo-2007. Umnotho wayo uncike emikhakheni ehlukene ehlanganisa imboni, ezolimo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nezinsizakalo. Kwaziwa ngokukhiqiza izimoto, imikhiqizo kagesi kanjalo nemboni yayo yokuhluza uwoyela. Izwe linezindawo eziningi eziheha izivakashi okuhlanganisa nezinqaba zenkathi ephakathi njengeBran Castle edume ngokuhlotshaniswa nendaba kaDracula. Isifunda saseTransylvania esinezindawo zaso zasemakhaya ezikhangayo siheha izivakashi ezifuna ulwazi lwezinganekwane zangempela kuyilapho amadolobha afana ne-Timișoara noma i-Sibiu ebonisa izakhiwo ezinhle ezihlanganisa kokubili isimanje kanye namathonya omlando. Abahambi bangahlola izimangaliso zemvelo eziyingqayizivele njengezindlu zezindela ezipendiwe noma i-Danube Delta esohlwini lwe-UNESCO - ikhaya lezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile zezitshalo nezilwane. Sekukonke i-Romania inikeza izivakashi inhlanganisela yomlando, isiko elinempilo elihambisana nobuhle bendawo okwenza kube indawo ekhangayo kubavakashi.
Imali Yezwe
Imali yaseRomania yi-Romanian Leu (RON). I-leu ifushanisiwe njenge-RON futhi ifika kukho kokubili amanothi ephepha nezinhlamvu zemali. I-leu ihlukaniswe yaba ama-bani angu-100, okungamayunithi amancane ohlobo lwemali. Amahlelo amanje wama-banknotes ase-Romania afaka u-1 (ongavamile), 5, 10, 50, 100, kanye no-200 lei. Lawa manothi abonisa izibalo ezibalulekile zomlando nezimpawu zendawo ezibalulekile emlandweni nangokwesiko lase-Romania. Mayelana nezinhlamvu zemali, i-Romania ikhiqiza amahlelo ngamanani okuvinjelwa okungu-1 (okungavamile), kanye namanani amancane afana nezinhlamvu zemali ezibiza u-5, 10 kanye namakhulu abiza ama-lei amaningi. Isiphathimandla esisemthethweni esibhekele ukwenziwa kohlobo lwemali yiBhange Likazwelonke lase-Romania. Baqinisekisa ukuzinza nobuqotho be-leu ngokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zezimali ezinengqondo ezifana nokulawula amazinga okwehla kwamandla emali. Izimali zakwamanye amazwe zingashintshwa ngaphakathi kwamabhange noma amahhovisi okushintshanisa agunyaziwe ezweni lonke. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba amakhadi esikweletu amakhulu njenge-Visa noma i-Mastercard evame ukwamukelwa emahhotela noma ezindaweni zokudlela emadolobheni amakhulu, kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukuphatha ukheshi ukuze wenze izinto emadolobheni amancane noma ezindaweni zasemaphandleni lapho izinketho zokukhokha amakhadi zingase zingatholakali kabanzi. . Sekukonke, uhlelo lwemali yase-Romania lusebenza kahle ngaphakathi kwemingcele yalo kuyilapho luvumela izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe ukuthi zishintshe kalula izimali zazo zibe yi-leu yasendaweni ngamashaneli agunyaziwe ukuze zithole okuhlangenwe nakho okungenazinkinga phakathi nokuhlala kwazo kuleli zwe elihle laseMpumalanga Yurophu.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Ithenda esemthethweni yase-Romania yi-Romanian Leu. Ngezansi isilinganiso sokushintshana sezilinganiso zezinye zezinhlobo zemali ezinkulu zomhlaba uma ziqhathaniswa ne-leu yase-Romanian (okungokwereferensi kuphela) : Idola laseMelika elilodwa lilingana ne-4.15 leu yaseRomania. I-euro eyodwa ilingana ne-4.92 leu yaseRomania. Iphawundi elilodwa lilingana ne-leu yesi-Romanian engaba ngu-5.52. Idola elilodwa laseCanada lilingana ne-3.24 leu yaseRomania. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lawa manani asekelwe ezimweni zamanje futhi amanani abukhoma angase ahluke. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole kabili izinga lokushintshanisa lakamuva ngaphambi kokuhweba ngempela.
Amaholide Abalulekile
I-Romania iyizwe eliseMpumalanga Yurophu elaziwa ngamagugu alo anothile namasiko ahlukahlukene. Igubha amaholide ambalwa abalulekile unyaka wonke, abaluleke kakhulu kubantu bakhona. Elinye lamaholide abaluleke kakhulu e-Romania uSuku Lukazwelonke, olugujwa ngoDisemba 1st. Ikhumbula ukuhlanganiswa kweTransylvania noMbuso WaseRomania ngo-1918. Lolu suku luphawulwa ngemicimbi ehlukahlukene, ehlanganisa ama-parade, amakhonsathi, nemibukiso yeziqhumane ezweni lonke. Elinye iholide elibalulekile yiPhasika. Igujwa yiwo womabili ama-Orthodox namaKristu angamaKhatholika, imele umgubho obalulekile wenkolo kubantu baseRomania. Imindeni iyahlangana ukuze iye ezinkonzweni zesonto ezinesizotha futhi ihlanganyele isidlo samaholide ndawonye njengoba iqeda ukuzila ukudla eLent. UKhisimusi nawo ugujwa kabanzi eRomania, ngamasiko adluliselwe ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Izihlahla zikaKhisimusi ezihlotshisiwe zivamile ukubonakala phakathi nalesi sikhathi, futhi izingane zilindele ngokulangazela izipho ezilethwe nguSanta Claus noma uSaint Nicholas ngoDisemba 25. Iholide likaDragobete libaluleke ngokukhethekile emibhangqwaneni yaseRomania njengoba ligubha uthando nokuzala. Kuqashelwa ngoFebhuwari 24 unyaka ngamunye, abantu abasha bachitha isikhathi bengaphandle benza imisebenzi ejabulisayo njengokucula izingoma zendabuko noma ukudlala imidlalo ehambisana nemikhuba yokuqomisana. Ukwengeza, i-Mărţişor iyiholide eliyingqayizivele lase-Romania eligujwa ngo-March 1st lapho abantu benikela ngamathokheni amancane okuhlobisa enziwe ngezintambo ezibomvu nezimhlophe ukuze afanekise impilo kanye nenhlanhla unyaka wonke. Okokugcina, uSuku Lwezingane Lwamazwe Ngamazwe ngo-June 1 luletha injabulo ezinganeni kulo lonke elase-Romania ngemicimbi ehlukahlukene ehlelelwe ukugubha injabulo nokuphila kahle kwazo. Izikole zivame ukubamba imisebenzi ekhethekile efana nemiqhudelwano yezemidlalo noma amakhonsathi anikezelwe ekudaleni kwezingane. Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zamaholide abalulekile agujwa e-Romania abonisa ubuciko obucebile besiko lakhona. Ngayinye ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu baseRomania njengoba bengagcini nje ngokujulisa umuzwa wabo wobuzwe kodwa futhi behlinzeka ngamathuba emindeni ukuhlangana ndawonye emgubhweni.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
I-Romania iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu. Inomnotho ohlukahlukene futhi okhulayo ogxile kakhulu kwezohwebo. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Romania okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi imishini nempahla kagesi, izindwangu nezicathulo, izimoto, amakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yezolimo, namafutha. Izindawo ezihamba phambili zokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yaseRomania yiJalimane, i-Italy, iFrance, iHungary, ne-United Kingdom. Lawa mazwe abala ingxenye enkulu yesamba sokuthunyelwa kwe-Romania. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iRomania ingenisa ngokuyinhloko imishini nezinto zikagesi, amafutha amaminerali, izimoto, amakhemikhali, nemithi. Ozakwethu abakhulu bokungenisa e-Romania yiJalimane, iGreece, iHungary, iNetherlands, ne-Italy. Ibhalansi yezohwebo yezwe ngokujwayelekile ibingeyinhle ngenxa yokuthengwa kwempahla evela kwamanye amazwe okuphezulu kunokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe; Nokho, eminyakeni yamuva nje, amazinga okuthunyelwa kwempahla e-Romania akhule kakhulu, okuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwebhalansi yohwebo. Ngaphezu kozakwethu bezohwebo abavamile, iRomania ifuna ngenkuthalo amathuba amasha ohwebo namazwe angaphandle kweYurophu.Kube nokugxila okwandayo ekwandiseni ubudlelwano bokuhwebelana namazwe ase-Asia njengeChina, iNingizimu Korea, neJapan ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano zokubambisana kwezomnotho ezihlukahlukene. I-Romania iphinde ibe yingxenye ye-European Union(EU), eyihlinzeka ngokufinyelela emakethe yangaphakathi enkulu.Naphezu kwezinselele zezikhathi ezithile, izinkampani zaseRomania ziyazuza ebulungwini be-EU ngokulethwa izimpahla zazo ngaphandle kwentela eyengeziwe yentela kuwo wonke amazwe angamalungu.Lokhu kube nomthelela ukukhula kohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe jikelele. Sekukonke, iRomania iyaqhubeka nokuzibandakanya ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe, ijabulela kokubili ubudlelwano obunesikhathi eside kulo lonke elaseYurophu kanye nokuphishekela amathuba amasha ebhizinisi emhlabeni jikelele.Ukukhula komnotho okuzinzile, ukuzinza kwezombusazwe, nezimo ezivumayo zokutshala izimali kuye kwaheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe, kwavuselela indima yeRomania kwezentengiselwano zomhlaba wonke.
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
Amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwemakethe emkhakheni wezohwebo e-Romania ayathembisa futhi anikeza amabhizinisi amathuba amaningi. I-Romania, etholakala eMpumalanga Yurophu, yaziwa ngomnotho wayo ohlukahlukene kanye nendawo enamasu ngaphakathi kwe-European Union. Esinye isici esibalulekile esinomthelela emandleni e-Romania ohwebo lwangaphandle ubulungu bayo ku-EU. Lobu bulungu buvumela amabhizinisi asebenza e-Romania ukuthi afinyelele imakethe yabathengi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-500. I-EU iphinde inikeze izinzuzo eziningi njengezinqubo zenkambiso ezenziwe lula, ukuhanjiswa kwamahhala kwezimpahla namasevisi, kanye nokufinyelela ezinhlelweni zosizo lwezezimali ezihlukahlukene. Ukwengeza, iRomania ibilokhu ibhekene nokukhula komnotho okuqhubekayo eminyakeni yamuva. Lokhu kukhula kuholele ekwenyukeni kwamazinga emali engenayo alahlwayo phakathi kwabantu, okuholele esidingweni esikhulu sabathengi semikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe. Izimboni ezinjengokukhiqiza, ezolimo, ubuchwepheshe bolwazi, kanye nezinsizakalo zibone ukwanda okukhulu. I-Romania iphinde izuze ngendawo yayo njengesango eliphakathi kweYurophu Ephakathi ne-Balkan. Isebenza njengendawo ebalulekile yezokuthutha exhumanisa izimakethe zaseNtshonalanga Yurophu nalezo ezisempumalanga. Izwe linoxhaxha lwezokuthutha olubanzi oluhlanganisa imigwaqo emikhulu, izitimela, izikhumulo zezindiza, namachweba oLwandle Olumnyama noMfula iDanube. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iRomania inezinsiza zemvelo eziningi njengeziqiwu nezingodo kanye nomhlaba wokulima ofanele ukulinywa. Lezi zinsiza zinikeza amathuba kumabhizinisi angaphandle abheke ukutshala imali noma ukuthekelisa impahla eluhlaza evela ezweni. Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkampani eziningana zamazwe ngamazwe ziye zaqaphela amandla eRomania ngokusungula izindawo zokukhiqiza noma ikomkhulu lesifunda ezweni. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuzethemba ekuzinzeni kwayo kwezimakethe kanye nokuncintisana emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba kunamathuba amaningi ngaphakathi komkhakha wezohwebo lwangaphandle waseRomania; kubalulekile ukuthi amabhizinisi enze ucwaningo olunzulu lwemakethe ngaphambi kokungena kule makethe. Ukuqonda okuthandwa ngabathengi basendaweni kanye nezimfuneko zomthetho ezihlobene nokuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kuzobaluleka empumelelweni. Sengiphetha, ukufingqa zonke lezi zici - izinzuzo zobulungu be-EU, ukukhula komnotho okuqhubekayo, isikhundla esihle sendawo, kanye nobuningi bemithombo yemvelo -I-Romania iveza amathuba aphawulekayo okuxhaphaza amathuba ayo okuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe angakasetshenziswa.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Uma kucutshungulwa imakethe yokuthekelisa e-Romania, kunezigaba ezimbalwa zomkhiqizo ezidumile ezingakhethelwa amandla aphezulu okuthengisa. Lezi zigaba zihlanganisa izingubo zokugqoka nezindwangu, izinto zikagesi, izingxenye zezimoto nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ifenisha, nemikhiqizo yokudla. Imboni yezingubo nezendwangu e-Romania yaziwa ngezinga layo eliphezulu nezintengo ezithengekayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthumela ngaphandle izingubo zemfashini ezifana namajini, izikibha, izingubo zokugqoka nezicathulo kungaba yinketho enenzuzo enkulu. Imikhiqizo yendwangu efana namakhethini, amasethi okulala, namathawula nayo iyafuneka. Ezogesi ngomunye umkhakha onenzuzo ongangena kuwo lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo yemakethe yaseRomania. Omakhalekhukhwini, amalaptop, amaphilisi, omabonakude, amakhamera konke kufunwa kakhulu ngabathengi. Ukwengeza izinto zasendlini njengeziqandisi, imishini yokuwasha, namahhavini ama-microwave zinesidingo esikhulayo. Imboni yezimoto yaseRomania ibilokhu idlondlobala eminyakeni yamuva njengoba abakhiqizi abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe besungula izindawo zokukhiqiza lapho. Ngakho izingxenye zezimoto njengezinjini, amagiya, amabhethri, amathayi, nezisekeli zinikeza ithuba elithembisayo lokuthekelisa. Ifenisha iyimpahla ebalulekile abantu baseRomania abavame ukuyithenga lapho behlela amakhaya noma belungisa izinto zangaphakathi. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sempahla eklanywe kahle, esinefenisha sikhule. ukuheha amakhasimende. Okokugcina, abantu baseRomania bayakwazisa ukudla okuvamile kodwa futhi bayakujabulela ukuzitika ngezinambitheka zamazwe ngamazwe.Ngakho, ukugxila ekuthengeni ukudla kwamanye amazwe okuhlanganisa imikhiqizo yobisi, imayonnaise, iwayini, ipasta, izimpahla ezisemathinini, i-charcuterie, uju, ujamu kungadonsela ukunaka. ukuhlangabezana nemithetho yezempilo, ukusetha amanani ancintisanayo, nokuhlinzeka ngamaphakheji akhangayo ukuze uvelele emashalofini. Ngakho-ke, ukhiye wokukhetha izinto ezithengiswa kakhulu emakethe yohwebo yangaphandle yase-Romania ungaphakathi kwalezi zigaba ezidumile zezingubo, izindwangu, ugesi, izingxenye zezimoto, ifenisha, nokudla.Hlala ubhekisisa okuthandwa ngabathengi, izitayela, izimfuno zamanje ngenkathi uqinisekisa amazinga ekhwalithi enhle ngamanani ancintisanayo.Ukusebenzisa lawa masu kuzokwenza kube lula ukukhethwa ngempumelelo kwempahla ezothunyelwa emakethe yase-Romania.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
I-Romania iyizwe eliyingqayizivele elitholakala eMpumalanga Yurophu elinezici zamakhasimende ezihlukile kanye nama-taboos. Ngokwezici zekhasimende, abantu baseRomania bayakwazisa ubudlelwano nokuxhumana komuntu siqu. Ukwakha ukwethembana kanye nokusungula ubudlelwano obuhle namakhasimende kubalulekile ekuqhubeni ibhizinisi ngempumelelo e-Romania. Ukuzinika isikhathi sokwazi amaklayenti akho ezingeni lomuntu siqu kuzohamba ibanga elide ekwakheni ubudlelwano obuqinile bebhizinisi. Amakhasimende ase-Romania ayakwazisa ukusebenza kahle, ukugcina isikhathi, nokuthembeka. Kubalulekile ukufeza izithembiso nokuletha izimpahla noma izinsizakalo njengoba kuvunyelwene ngakho. Ukusheshisa imihlangano nama-aphoyintimenti kukhombisa inhlonipho ngesikhathi seklayenti futhi kukhombisa ukuzibophezela kwakho. Lapho usebenzisana namakhasimende ase-Romania, kubalulekile ukuba nesineke njengoba ukwenza izinqumo kuvame ukuhamba kancane ngenxa yokuqapha nokuhlaziya okuphelele. Abantu baseRomania bakhetha ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izibopho noma izinqumo. Ngokwamasiko, kubalulekile ukugwema ukuxoxisana ngezihloko ezibucayi njengomlando wase-Romania ngaphansi kobukhomanisi noma izindaba zezepolitiki eziyimpikiswano ngaphandle uma ucelwa iklayenti ngokwalo. Lezi zihloko zingakhokhiswa ngokomzwelo kwabanye abantu baseRomania, ngakho-ke kuhle ukukhuluma nabo ngokuzwela. Enye i-taboo e-Romania igxile ekuhlonipheni indawo yomuntu siqu ngesikhathi sokuxhumana. Gwema ukuthintana ngokomzimba okufana nokuthinta kakhulu noma ukwanga ngaphandle uma usungule ubudlelwano obuseduze nomuntu osebenzelana naye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho usebenzisana namakhasimende ase-Romanian, kuyatuseka ukuthi ungawagxeki ngokuqondile noma ukhulume kabi ngamasiko noma amasiko awo. Esikhundleni salokho, gxila ekugqamiseni izici ezinhle zezwe labo ngenkathi uhlala uzwela ngokwesiko. Kafushane, ukuqonda amanani amakhasimende ase-Romanian mayelana nokwakha ubudlelwano obusekelwe ekwethembaneni nokuhloniphana kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzelaneni kwebhizinisi okuyimpumelelo kuleli zwe laseYurophu eliyingqayizivele.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
Isistimu yokulawula imingcele yase-Romania nemihlahlandlela ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuvikeleka kwemingcele yayo kuyilapho kusiza ukuhamba kwezivakashi ezisemthethweni. Izwe liyilungu le-EU, okusho ukuthi lilandela imigomo yeSivumelwano se-Schengen mayelana nokuhamba ngokukhululeka kwabantu endaweni ye-Schengen. Iziphathimandla zokulawula imingcele yase-Romania zisebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuphatha kahle abahambi abangenayo nabaphumayo. Lapho befika, bonke abantu bangaphandle kufanele balethe ipasipoti esemthethweni noma ikhadi le-ID elivela emazweni abo. Izakhamizi ezingezona eze-EU nazo zingadinga i-visa evumelekile ngaphambi kokungena eRomania, kuye ngobuzwe bazo. Imithethonqubo yamasiko e-Romania inokufana namanye amazwe e-EU. Abahambi kudingeka bamemezele izimpahla ezeqa izilinganiso zenani elithile noma eziphethe imikhawulo ethile, njengezibhamu, izidakamizwa, noma izinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini. Amanani emali angaphezu kuka-€10,000 kufanele amenyezelwe lapho ungena noma uphuma. Izikhulu ezilawula amaphasiphothi zihlola amaphasipoti/ama-ID abahambi ukuze zibone ukuthi asemthethweni futhi zingase ziqhubeke nokucubungulisisa uma kunesidingo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umazisi womuntu siqu awuphelelwa yisikhathi ngaphambi kokuvakashela e-Romania. Izinto ezithile zingase zibe ngaphansi kwemikhawulo yokungenisa noma zidinga izimvume ezikhethekile (isb., imithi edinga imiyalelo). Kutuswa ukuthi abahambi bazijwayeze nemithetho yamasiko yaseRomania ngaphambi kokungena ezweni. Ngesikhathi sokusuka e-Romania, izikhulu zentela zingacela ukuhlolwa kwemithwalo nempahla yezinto ezingavunyelwe ezikhishwa ngaphandle kwezwe ngokungemthetho. Ukuqinisekisa ukudlula okushelelayo ezindaweni zokuhlola abantu abavela kwamanye amazwe e-Romanian, kubalulekile ukuthi izivakashi zithobele yonke imithetho nezimiso ezifanele: 1. Phatha amaphepha okuhamba asemthethweni (iphasipoti/umazisi) ngaso sonke isikhathi. 2. Ukuba nama-visa adingekayo uma ekhona. 3. Ungaphathi impahla evinjelwe njengezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni noma izibhamu. 4. Zijwayeze nezinqubo zamasiko mayelana nezibonelelo zamahhala kanye nezidingo zesimemezelo. 5. Hlonipha noma yimiphi imiyalelo eyengeziwe yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe enikezwa ngabasebenzi abalawula umngcele. 6. Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezibuyekezo ezingaba khona ezimfuneko zokungena ngenxa yokushintsha kwezimo (njengamaphrothokholi ahlobene ne-COVID-19). Ngokuthobela le mihlahlandlela nokuba nawo wonke amadokhumenti adingekayo elungile, abahambi bangajabulela ukungena nokuphuma ngaphandle kwezinkinga e-Romania.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
I-Romania, njengelungu le-European Union (EU), ilandela inqubomgomo evamile ye-EU yamasiko nentela. Ngakho-ke, izinqubomgomo zayo zentela yokungenisa ngokuvamile zihambisana nalezo ezithathwe yi-EU. Isakhiwo sentela yokungenisa e-Romania silandela inhlanganisela yemisebenzi ethile, imisebenzi ye-ad valorem, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingxube yakho kokubili. Izibopho ezithile zikhokhiswa ezimpahleni ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo noma isisindo sazo, kuyilapho imisebenzi ye-ad valorem ibalwa njengephesenti yenani elimenyezelwe lomkhiqizo. Ezimpahleni zamazwe angewona awe-EU ezingeniswa e-Romania, zingaphansi kwentela yentela ecaciswe ngaphansi kwe-EU Common Customs Tariff. Le ntela isetshenziswa ngokusekelwe kumakhodi e-Harmonised System (HS) ahlukanisa imikhiqizo ngamaqembu ahlukene ngezinjongo zentela. Amanani angempela ancike esimweni sempahla ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwalezi zintela, i-value-added tax (VAT) iyasebenza ekuthengisweni okuningi okungena e-Romania ngezinga elijwayelekile elingu-19%. Kodwa-ke, izimpahla ezithile ezibalulekile zingase zithwale amazinga e-VAT ancishisiwe asuka ku-5% kuya ku-9%. Kubalulekile ukuthi abangenisi baziphendulele ngalezi zindleko ezengeziwe lapho bebala izindleko zabo zizonke. Abathekelisi kufanele futhi baqaphele ukuthi kungase kube nokukhululwa noma ukwehliswa kwezintela zokungenisa ezweni ezigabeni ezithile ezifana nezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziswa ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza noma izinto ezihloselwe ukukhuthaza imikhakha ethile yezomnotho. Lokhu kukhululwa kuvame ukunikezwa ngokusekelwe kumibandela ethile kanye nezitifiketi ezivela kuziphathimandla ezifanele. Kunconywa ukuthi abantu noma amabhizinisi ahlela ukuhlanganyela ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe ne-Romania abonisane neziphathimandla zendawo noma afune iseluleko sochwepheshe ukuze aqinisekise ukuthobela yonke imithetho esebenzayo yokungenisa nokuhlola ngokunembile izindleko eziphelele ezihlobene nokungenisa izimpahla ezweni.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
I-Romania iyizwe eliseMpumalanga Yurophu elaziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimpahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Izwe selisebenzise inqubomgomo yentela evumayo ukuze lisekele imboni yalo yokuthumela ngaphandle. E-Romania, isilinganiso esijwayelekile sentela yemali engenayo yebhizinisi singu-16%, esisebenza kuwo wonke amabhizinisi, kuhlanganisa nalawo asebenza ekuthumeleni impahla. Nokho, kukhona ukukhululwa okuthile kanye nezinxephezelo ezitholakalayo ezinkampanini ezigxile ekuthekeliseni. Okokuqala, izinkampani ezenza okungenani u-80% wesamba semali yazo engenayo ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zifanelekela ukukhululwa ekukhokheni intela yemali engenayo yebhizinisi ezinzuzweni zazo. Lesi sinyathelo sihlose ukukhuthaza izinkampani ukuthi zigxile ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuthuthukisa umkhakha wokuthekelisa wase-Romania. Ukwengeza, intela ye-value-added (VAT) ingenye ingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yentela yezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle e-Romania. Izimpahla ezihloselwe ukuthunyelwa ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezingalinganiselwe ngezinjongo ze-VAT. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abathumeli bangaphandle abawakhokhisi amakhasimende abo noma iyiphi i-VAT kulokho kuthenga. Esikhundleni salokho, bangafuna ukubuyiselwa imali ku-VAT yokufaka ekhokhwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza noma ukuthengwa kwezimpahla/amasevisi ahlobene nokuthekelisa. Ukuze bafaneleke njengempahla enesilinganiso esingu-zero, abathekelisi kumele banikeze ubufakazi bedokhumenti obuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla ziphumile e-Romania futhi zangena kwelinye izwe noma indawo engaphandle kwe-European Union (EU). Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kungase kube nemithethonqubo ethile kanye nezimfuneko kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lomkhiqizo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe noma izwe okuyiwa kulo elihilelekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi abathekelisi baxhumane neziphathimandla zendawo noma baxhumane nezingcweti ezinolwazi ngezinqubomgomo zezezimali zase-Romania ngaphambi kokwenza uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Sekukonke, izinqubomgomo zentela ezivumayo zase-Romania zisiza ukuvuselela umnotho wayo ngokugqugquzela amabhizinisi ukuthi ahlanganyele emisebenzini yokuthumela ngaphandle kuyilapho iqinisekisa ukuthobela izindinganiso zokuhweba zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemithetho ye-EU mayelana nezindaba zentela.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
I-Romania, eseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, yaziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zayo zemikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kokuthekelisa kwe-Romanian, izwe liqalise inqubo yokunikeza isitifiketi. Isiphathimandla esiyinhloko esinomthwalo wemfanelo wokunikeza isitifiketi sokuthekelisa e-Romania yiNational Institute for Standardization and Certification (INCERCOM). I-INCERCOM isebenzisana eduze nezinhlaka ezehlukene eziqondene nezimboni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe. Abathekelisa e-Romania kumele bahambisane nemithetho ethile futhi bathole izitifiketi ezivumelekile ngaphambi kokuthumela izimpahla phesheya. Lezi zitifiketi ziqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zihlolwe kanzima futhi zithobelana nekhwalithi, ukuphepha, namazinga emvelo. Isitifiketi esisodwa esibalulekile e-Romania yi-ISO 9001. Leli zinga elaziwa umhlaba wonke liqinisekisa ukuthi abathumeli bangaphandle banezinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi ezisebenzayo. Kubonisa ukuzibophezela kwe-Romania ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ezimakethe zomhlaba. Ukwengeza, abathumeli bangaphandle baseRomania bangase futhi bathole izitifiketi ezifana ne-ISO 14001 yokuphathwa kwemvelo noma i-OHSAS 18001 yezempilo nokuphepha emsebenzini. Lezi futhi zikhombisa ukuzinikela kwazo emikhubeni esimeme kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi. Imikhiqizo yezolimo yaseRomania ivamise ukudinga izitifiketi ezithile futhi. Umnyango Wezolimo wengamele le nqubo ngokunikeza izitifiketi ezifana ne-Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) noma Inkomba Yendawo Evikelekile (i-PGI). Lezi zitifiketi zivikela izindlela zokulima zesi-Romanian ngenkathi ziqinisekisa ubuqiniso bomkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhulunywa ngokuthunyelwa kokudla ngaphandle, kubalulekile ukuthobela imithetho ye-European Union (EU). I-EU Common Agricultural Policy ibeka imihlahlandlela eqinile ekulandeleni imvelaphi yomkhiqizo, ukunemba kokulebula kanye nezinqubo zezenhlalakahle zezilwane ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo - zonke izici ezibalulekile zesitifiketi sokuthekelisa ngaphakathi kwe-Romania. Ekugcineni, lezi zitifiketi zokuthekelisa ziqinisa isithunzi se-Romania njengozakwethu wokuhweba onokwethenjelwa ngokubonisa ukuthobela izindinganiso zikazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuzinikezela kwayo ezinyathelweni zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ngezinqubo eziphelele zokunikeza izitifiketi, iRomania izibeka ngokuncintisana enkundleni yemakethe yomhlaba.
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
I-Romania iyizwe eliseMpumalanga Yurophu, elaziwa ngomlando walo ocebile kanye nezindawo ezinhle. Uma kukhulunywa ngezinto zokuhamba nezokuthutha, iRomania inikeza izinketho ezimbalwa ezinconywe kakhulu. 1. Ezokuthutha Emgwaqweni: I-Romania inoxhaxha lwemigwaqo ehlanganisa amadolobha amakhulu namadolobhana, okwenza ezokuthutha zomgwaqo zibe inketho enokwethenjelwa yezokuthutha. Izwe linemigwaqo engothelawayeka enakekelwe kahle eyenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla ngendlela efanele. Kunezinkampani eziningi zamaloli e-Romania ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuthutha zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe. 2. Ezokuthutha Ngololiwe: I-Romania iphinde ibe nenethiwekhi yezitimela esebenza kahle exhumanisa izifunda ezihlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwezwe kanye namazwe angomakhelwane njengeBulgaria, Hungary, Ukraine, neSerbia. Ukuthuthwa kwempahla ngojantshi kuyabiza ngenani elikhulu lezimpahla ezihamba amabanga amade. 3. Amasevisi Okuthutha Ngendiza: Ngokuthunyelwa okuzwela isikhathi noma okunenani eliphezulu, izinsizakalo zokuthutha ngendiza zinconywa kakhulu e-Romania. I-Henri Coandă International Airport eBucharest iyisikhumulo sezindiza esimatasa kakhulu ezweni futhi sisebenza njengesizinda sezindiza ezithwala impahla. Ezinye izikhumulo zezindiza ezinkulu kulo lonke elaseRomania nazo zinikezela ngezinsiza zezindiza ezinezinhlelo zokuphatha ezisebenzayo. 4. Ezokuthutha Ezikhumulweni Zemikhumbi Nezasolwandle: Ngenxa yendawo ekuso ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama, iRomania inamatheku amaningana asebenzela kokubili uhwebo lwangaphakathi nolwamazwe ngamazwe olwandle. Ichweba laseConstanta liyichweba elikhulu kunawo wonke ezweni futhi lihlinzeka ngoxhumano oluhle kakhulu kwamanye amachweba aseYurophu ngemigqa ehlukahlukene yemikhumbi. 5.Izinsiza ze-Warehouse: Mayelana nezixazululo zokugcina zemisebenzi yezokuthutha, i-Romania inikeza inhlobonhlobo yezindawo zokugcina impahla ezinengqalasizinda yesimanje kuwo wonke amadolobha ahlukene njengeBucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Timisoara, njll. 6.Abahlinzeki Bezokuthutha: Kukhona abahlinzeki abaningi bezokuthutha abasebenza e-Romania abahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezisukela ekupheleni ezihlanganisa izinsiza zokudlulisa impahla (zolwandle nezasemoyeni), usizo lokugunyazwa kwempahla, kanye nokwesekwa kokuphathwa kokuthengwa kwempahla. Laba bahlinzeki banolwazi lokusebenza nemithetho yendawo, amasevisi ukufanisa izidingo zebhizinisi ngalinye Sekukonke, ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha yaseRomania evumelana nezindawo, iyibeka njengenketho enhle kakhulu yokusungula iziteshi zempahla ezisebenza kahle nezingabizi kakhulu ukuze zisebenzele amakhasimende asekhaya nawakwamanye amazwe.
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-Romania iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Europe futhi isiphenduke indawo ekhangayo yabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna ukuthola izimpahla ezisezingeni eliphezulu ngamanani ancintisanayo. Izwe linikeza imigudu ehlukahlukene ebalulekile yokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe futhi isingathe imibukiso eminingana ebalulekile yokuhweba nemibukiso. Le ndatshana ihlose ukuhlola ezinye zalezi zici ezibalulekile zokwakheka kwebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe e-Romania. Isiteshi esisodwa esibalulekile sokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe e-Romania indawo yemakethe eku-inthanethi. Amapulatifomu e-E-commerce afana ne-OLX, i-eMag, ne-Cel.ro asetshenziswa kakhulu abathengi basekhaya nabangaphandle ukuze bathole imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa izinto zikagesi, izinto zasendlini, izingubo, nokunye. Lezi zinkundla zinikeza indlela elula yokuthi abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe baxhumane nabathengisi ezweni lonke. Enye indlela ebalulekile yokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe eRomania ngokusebenzisa ama-ejenti okuhweba noma abasabalalisi. Laba baxhumanisi basungule amanethiwekhi ngaphakathi kwemakethe yasekhaya futhi bangasiza ukuxhuma izinkampani zangaphandle nabahlinzeki bempahla basekhaya noma abakhiqizi. Bahlinzeka ngosizo olubalulekile ekuhumusheni ulimi, ocwaningweni lwemakethe, ekusekelweni kwezinto, nasekulawuleni ukusatshalaliswa. I-Romania iphinde inikeze amathuba abalulekile ngokubamba iqhaza emibukisweni yezohwebo kanye nemibukiso. Omunye umcimbi oqavile yi-INDAGRA International Trade Fair of Equipment & Products in Agriculture ebanjwa minyaka yonke eBucharest. Iheha abathengi abaningi basekhaya nabakwamanye amazwe abathanda imishini yezolimo, imikhiqizo yokulima imfuyo, imishini yokucubungula ukudla, phakathi kokunye. I-International Tourism Fair (TTR) ebanjwa minyaka yonke eBucharest ingomunye umcimbi ophawulekayo othuthukisa imikhiqizo ehlobene nezokuvakasha evela emhlabeni wonke. Isebenza njengenkundla enhle kakhulu yama-ejensi wezokuvakasha, amaketanga amahhotela, abahlinzeki bezokuthutha ukuze babonise iminikelo yabo kwabangase babe abalingani baseRomania. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbukiso we-ROMHOTEL onikezelwe ngokukhethekile kumahhotela uhlanganisa ndawonye abahlinzeki abavela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengabakhiqizi befenisha abanikeza izixazululo eziklanyelwe izidingo zamahhotela ngokukhethekile. I-International Electric & Automation Show (E&D) igxile ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe okuhlobene nezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo zokukhiqiza izinto zikagesi eziheha ochwepheshe abavela ezimbonini ezifana nokukhiqiza amandla noma ezishintshayo zezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho i-COSMOPACK - I-PACKAGING FAIR imema ochwepheshe abanentshisekelo kubo bobabili ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kodwa futhi abakwaziyo ukubeka izinto kanye nezixazululo zokupakisha. Ukwengeza, i-Romania iyingxenye ye-European Union (EU) futhi inokufinyelela emakethe eyodwa ye-EU. Lokhu kuvumela abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi basebenzise ithuba lokuhamba mahhala kwezimpahla ngaphakathi kwe-EU lapho bengenisa imikhiqizo evela e-Romania. Iphinde iqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa e-Romania ihlangabezana nezindinganiso nemithetho ye-EU. Sengiphetha, i-Romania inikeza imigudu ehlukahlukene ebalulekile yokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, okuhlanganisa izimakethe eziku-inthanethi, ama-ejenti/abasabalalisi bezohwebo, nokubamba iqhaza emibukisweni/emibukiso. Lezi zindlela zinikeza amathuba kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi baxhumane nabaphakeli/abakhiqizi baseRomania emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba yilungu le-EU kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokwethembeka kanye nokulula lapho wenza ukuthengiselana kwebhizinisi nozakwabo baseRomania.
E-Romania, injini yokusesha esetshenziswa kakhulu yi-Google. Ungafinyelela kuyo ku-www.google.ro. Ihlinzeka ngemiphumela yosesho eminingi futhi inezici eziningi eziwusizo zokuthuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi. Enye injini yokusesha edumile e-Romania yi-Bing, etholakala ku-www.bing.com. Inikeza ukusebenza okufanayo ku-Google futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa njengenye indlela. I-Romania nayo inenjini yayo yokusesha yendawo ebizwa ngokuthi i-StartPage.ro (www.startpage.ro). Ihlinzeka ngemiphumela yendawo futhi ibhekelela izethameli zesi-Romanian ngokuqukethwe okufanele. Kukhona ezinye izinjini zokusesha ezimbalwa ezingadumile kakhulu kodwa ezisasetshenziswa abanye abantu baseRomania. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-Yahoo (www.yahoo.com), i-DuckDuckGo (duckduckgo.com), kanye ne-Yandex (www.yandex.com). Kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba i-Google isalokhu iyinjini yokusesha ehamba phambili e-Romania, kungase kube khona umehluko wesifunda noma izintandokazi zomuntu siqu uma kuziwa ekukhetheni injini yokusesha ethandwayo.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

Amakhasi aphuzi ayinhloko e-Romania afaka: 1. Pagini Aurii (https://paginiaurii.ro) - Lona uhla lwemibhalo olusemthethweni lwe-inthanethi lwase-Romania, oluhlinzeka ngohlu olubanzi lwamabhizinisi kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baseshe izinkampani ezithile futhi inikeze imininingwane yokuxhumana, amakheli, namasevisi ahlinzekwa yibhizinisi ngalinye. 2. I-YellowPages Romania (https://yellowpages.ro) - Olunye uhla lwemibhalo lwe-inthanethi oludumile e-Romania, i-YellowPages inikezela ngesizindalwazi esibanzi samabhizinisi ahlelwe ngokwezigaba. Abasebenzisi bangasesha izinkampani ngokusekelwe endaweni, uhlobo lwemboni, noma imikhiqizo/amasevisi athile. 3. I-Cylex Romania (https://www.cylex.ro) - I-Cylex inikeza uhla lwemibhalo oluseshekayo lwamabhizinisi emadolobheni ahlukahlukene e-Romania. Inikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokufakwa kuhlu ngakunye, okuhlanganisa ulwazi lokuxhumana, amahora okuvula, amasevisi anikezwayo, nezibuyekezo zekhasimende. 4. 11800 (https://www.chirii-romania.ro/) - I-11800 iyisizindalwazi esikhethekile samakhasi aphuzi agxile kuhlu lwezindlu ezithengiswayo e-Romania. Abasebenzisi bangathola amafulethi angaqashwa noma athengiswe futhi bahlole izindawo zentengiso ezitholakala ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zezwe. 5. I-QDPM Aplicatia Mobile (http://www.qdpm-telecom.ro/aplicatia-mobile.php) - I-QDPM Telecom inikeza inkundla esekelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele insizakalo yohla lwemibhalo yenkampani yenethiwekhi yeselula ngokuqondile kuma-smartphone noma amathebulethi abo. usebenzisa izinketho zokusesha ze-alphanumeric. Lezi zinkomba zekhasi eliphuzi zinikeza izinsiza ezibalulekile kubantu abafuna ulwazi mayelana namabhizinisi, ukutholakala kwezinsizakalo ezifundeni ezihlukene zase-Romania. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanye amawebhusayithi angase adinge ukuhunyushwa kusuka ku-Romanian kuya kusiNgisi uma ungalwazi kahle ulimi

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

I-Romania, izwe eliseMpumalanga Yurophu, inezinkundla ezimbalwa ezinkulu ze-e-commerce. Naba abavelele abanama-URL abo: 1. I-EMAG - Enye yezitolo ezinkulu eziku-inthanethi e-Romania, enikezela ngemikhiqizo eminingi ehlanganisa izinto zikagesi, izinto zasendlini, izinto zemfashini, nokuningi. - Iwebhusayithi: https://www.emag.ro/ 2. I-OLX - Iwebhusayithi yokukhangisa ehlukanisiwe edumile lapho abasebenzisi bangathenga futhi bathengise izimpahla ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izimoto, izindlu ezithengiswayo, izinto zikagesi, namasevisi. - Iwebhusayithi: https://www.olx.ro/ 3. I-Flanco - Isitolo esiku-inthanethi esisebenza ngokukhethekile ngokudayisa izinto zikagesi nezasekhaya ezifana nama-TV, amaphilisi omakhalekhukhwini ama-smartphone amakhompyutha aphathekayo amakhompyutha okuwasha imishini yokuwasha iziqandisi njll. - Iwebhusayithi: https://www.flanco.ro/ 4. Izinsuku Zemfashini - Inkundla ehamba phambili yemfashini ye-e-commerce e-Romania enikezela ngezingubo zabesilisa, abesifazane nezingane ezivela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene kanye nezinsiza. - Iwebhusayithi: https://www.fashiondays.ro/ 5. Elefant - Indawo yemakethe eku-inthanethi ethengisa inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo kusukela kogesi kuya emikhiqizweni yobuhle kuye ezintweni zokuhlobisa ekhaya. - Iwebhusayithi: https://www.elefant.ro/ 6. I-Carrefour Online - Inkundla eku-inthanethi yochungechunge oludumile lwe-hypermarket i-Carrefour Romania ehlinzeka ngegrosa esanda kukhiqizwa izinto ezibalulekile zasendlini izinto zokunakekelwa komuntu siqu njll. - Iwebhusayithi: https://online.carrefour.ro/ 7. I-Mall.CZ - Igxile kuma-electronics abathengi njengamathebulethi ekhompiyutha emishini yokudlala yemishini njll.kanye nezinye izesekeli zamagajethi kanye nemikhiqizo yendlela yokuphila - Iwebhusayithi: www.mall.cz 8.Elefante.Ro - Umthengisi ugxile ekuthengiseni izingubo zezingane amathoyizi izinto zokuhlobisa izinto zokubeletha Iwebhusayithi https://elefante.ro Lezi ngezinye zezibonelo zamapulatifomu amakhulu e-e-commerce eRomania; kukhona namanye amawebhusayithi amaningi amancane ahlinzeka ngama-niches noma izimboni ezithile endaweni ye-e-commerce yezwe. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukutholakala kwewebhusayithi kungase kushintshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho kuyatuseka ukuthi useshe lezi nkundla usebenzisa amagama azo enjinini yokusesha ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva kakhulu.

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

I-Romania, izwe elihle eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Europe, inenkundla yezokuxhumana ephilayo nesebenzayo. Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezidumile e-Romania kanye nama-URL ewebhusayithi yabo: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com): I-Facebook iyindawo yokuxhumana nabantu ethandwa kakhulu e-Romania, njengakwamanye amazwe amaningi. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane nabangane nomndeni, babelane ngezithombe namavidiyo, benze imicimbi, bajoyine amaqembu, futhi balandele amakhasi abawathandayo. 2. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com): I-Instagram iyinkundla esetshenziswa kakhulu yokwabelana ngezithombe namavidiyo evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathwebule izikhathi futhi babelane ngazo nabalandeli babo. Abantu abaningi baseRomania basebenzisa i-Instagram ukukhombisa amakhono abo okuthatha izithombe noma ukubhala izimpilo zabo zansuku zonke. 3. I-LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): I-LinkedIn ngokuyinhloko iyisizindalwazi sokuxhumana ngochwepheshe lapho abantu bangakha khona amaphrofayili angochwepheshe, benze ukuxhumana phakathi kwemboni yabo noma emkhakheni abawuthandayo, bafune amathuba emisebenzi, futhi baxhumane nabanye ochwepheshe. 4. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com): I-Twitter iyinkundla ye-inthanethi ye-microblogging kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana lapho abasebenzisi bengathumela khona imilayezo emifushane eyaziwa ngokuthi "ama-tweets." Abantu baseRomania basebenzisa i-Twitter ukuze bahlale benolwazi ngemicimbi yezindaba noma balandele izibalo zomphakathi ezivela ezizindeni ezihlukene. 5. I-TikTok (www.tiktok.com/ro/): I-TikTok iwuhlelo lokusebenza lokwabelana ngamavidiyo oludumile lapho abasebenzisi bengakha futhi bathole iziqeshana zevidiyo ezimfishane ezisethwe kumculo noma imisindo eluma. Ithole ukuthandwa okusabalele phakathi kwezizukulwane ezincane e-Romania ngamathuluzi ayo okudala okuqukethwe. 6. I-Snapchat (www.snapchat.com): I-Snapchat iyinkundla yokwabelana ngezithombe eyaziwa ngesici sayo sokuqukethwe esinyamalalayo. Abasebenzisi bangathumela izithombe noma amavidiyo ngokuqondile kubangani noma bawashicilele njengezindaba ezihlala amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokunyamalala. 7. I-Reddit (www.reddit.com/r/Romania/): I-Reddit iwumphakathi osekelwe kuforamu ye-inthanethi lapho amalungu abhalisiwe angahlanganyela ezingxoxweni ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene ngokusebenzisa imibhalo noma ukuphawula okwenziwa abanye ababambiqhaza. 8. I-Pinterest (www.pinterest.ro): I-Pinterest isebenza njengebhodi lokunamathisela eliku-inthanethi lapho abasebenzisi bengathola futhi balondoloze imibono yezintshisekelo ezihlukahlukene njengokuhlobisa ikhaya, imfashini, izindlela zokupheka, izindawo zokuvakasha, nokuningi. 9. I-YouTube (www.youtube.com): Inkundla edumile yokwabelana ngamavidiyo ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balayishe, babuke, balinganise, babelane futhi baphawule ngamavidiyo. Abantu abaningi baseRomania basebenzisa i-YouTube njengomthombo wokuzijabulisa noma ukulandela abadali bokuqukethwe ababathandayo. 10. I-TikTalk (www.tiktalk.ro): I-TikTalk iyinkundla yezokuxhumana yase-Romania yasendaweni efana ne-Twitter. Igxile ezingxoxweni ezisekelwe emibhalweni ezihlelwe ama-hashtag noma izihloko ezihamba phambili. Lezi ezinye zezinkundla zokuxhumana ezivame ukusetshenziswa eRomania. Ngokuya ngezintshisakalo zomuntu siqu kanye nokuthandwayo, abantu bangaphinde bazibandakanye nezinye izinkundla ze-niche eziqondene nezinto abazithandayo noma izinkambu zobungcweti ngaphakathi kwenkundla yezokuxhumana ehlukahlukene yezwe.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

E-Romania, kunezinhlangano ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zezimboni ezimele imikhakha eyahlukene yezomnotho. Lezi zinhlangano zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqhubekiseleni phambili izimfuno zezimboni zazo kanye nokugqugquzela ukukhula nokubambisana phakathi kwazo. Nazi ezinye izinhlangano ezivelele zezimboni e-Romania kanye namawebhusayithi abo: 1. I-Romanian Business Leaders (RBL) - Le nhlangano ihlanganisa ama-CEO avela ezinkampanini eziholayo e-Romania emikhakheni eyahlukene. Inhloso yabo ukufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwesimo samabhizinisi wezwe. Iwebhusayithi: https://rbls.ro/ 2. I-Romanian Association for Electronic and Software Industry (ARIES) - I-ARIES imele i-IT kanye nomkhakha wokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe e-Romania, imelela izinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha, ukukhula, kanye nezamabhizinisi. Iwebhusayithi: https://aries.ro/en 3. I-Romanian Association of Banks (ARB) - I-ARB isebenza njengenhlangano emele amabhange asebenza ngaphakathi kwe-Romania, isebenzela ukukhuthaza imithetho ezinzile yezezimali nezinqubomgomo ezisiza ukusebenza kwamabhange. Iwebhusayithi http://www.arb.ro/ro/ 4. I-National Union of Romanian Employers (UNPR) - I-UNPR imele abaqashi abavela kuzo zonke izigaba e-Romania, basebenze njengabameli babo ngokubhekana nezindaba zemakethe yezabasebenzi, ukunxenxa izinguquko ezidingekayo, kanye nokukhuthaza inkhulumomphendvulwano phakathi kwabamele abaqashi. Iwebhusayithi http://unpr.ro/ 5. Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yokuphepha Kwezinhlelo Zolwazi (i-ANSI) - I-ANSSI igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukuqwashisa ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi phakathi kwamabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye kuyilapho imelela ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kolwazi kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Iwebhusayithi: https://anssi.eu/ 6. I-Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania (CCIR) - I-CCIR isebenza njengenhlangano yamabhizinisi ehamba phambili emele imikhakha eyahlukene ngokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezifana nokwesekwa kokukhuthazwa kwezohwebo, ucwaningo lwezomnotho nokuhlaziya njll. Iwebhusayithi http://ccir.ro/index.php?sect=home&lang=en&detalii=index Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa phakathi kwezinhlangano eziningi zezimboni ezikhona e-Romania ezinegalelo elikhulu ekulolongeni isimo somnotho wezwe ngemizamo yokumela eklanyelwe izidingo nezimfuneko zemikhakha ethile.

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

I-Romania iyizwe elitholakala eMpumalanga Yurophu. Inomnotho ohlukahlukene onezimboni eziqinile zokukhiqiza, ezolimo, izinsizakalo, kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Kunamawebhusayithi ambalwa ezomnotho nezohwebo atholakalayo ahlinzeka ngolwazi ngendawo yebhizinisi laseRomania, amathuba okutshala imali, nemithethonqubo yokuhweba. Nazi ezinye ezivelele: 1. I-Romanian Business Exchange (www.rbe.ro): Le webhusayithi inikeza inkundla yamabhizinisi ase-Romanian ukuxhumana nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe. Ihlinzeka ngohlu lwamabhizinisi, amathuba okutshala imali, nezibuyekezo zezindaba mayelana nemakethe yaseRomania. 2. Ihhovisi Lezohwebo lase-Romania (www.trade.gov.ro): Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yoMnyango Wezomnotho idala ukuqwashisa mayelana namandla okuthekelisa kwe-Romania futhi ihlose ukuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi ngezinqubomgomo zezohwebo, imicimbi, izifundo zemakethe, amathenda, nokunye. 3. I-Romania Insider (www.romania-insider.com/business/): Nakuba ngokuyinhloko ingosi yezindaba ehlanganisa izici ezihlukahlukene zase-Romania njengamasiko nezokuvakasha; ihlanganisa nezigaba ezinikelwe ezindabeni zebhizinisi futhi. Inikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngomnotho waseRomania. 4.Romanian National Bank (www.bnr.ro): Ibhange elikhulu lase-Romania lidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo lwezezimali ezweni. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikeza idatha yezibalo ezinkomba zezomnotho ezibalulekile ezifana namazinga okwehla kwamandla emali kanye namazinga okushintshaniswa. 5.Romania-Export.com: Le nkundla igxile ngokukhethekile ekukhuthazeni izinkampani zokuthekelisa zase-Romania ngokunikeza uhla lwemibhalo yebhizinisi ehlukaniswe ngezinkambu zemboni ezifana nezolimo/ukucubungula ukudla noma imikhakha yokukhiqiza. 6.I-Romanian Chamber of Commerce (www.ccir.ro/zu): Inethiwekhi exhumanisa amakamelo endawo asiza ubambiswano lwasekhaya nolwamazwe ngamazwe oluhlinzeka ngamasevisi ezinkampani njengezitifiketi noma iseluleko sezomthetho uma wenza ibhizinisi ngaphakathi noma nezinhlangano zase-Romania Lawa mawebhusayithi ahlinzeka ngezinsiza ezibalulekile kubantu abanentshisekelo yokuhlola amathuba ezomnotho nawezohwebo ngaphakathi kwe-Romania noma ukuthola imininingwane ngezimo zayo zemakethe eziguqukayo.

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

Idatha yezohwebo yaseRomania ingafinyelelwa kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni ahlukahlukene kahulumeni kanye nemininingwane yohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe. Nansi eminye imithombo ethembekile yokuthola ulwazi lwezohwebo lwaseRomania: 1. I-Romanian National Institute of Statistics (INSSE) - I-ejensi yezibalo esemthethweni yase-Romania inikeza izibalo zohwebo eziphelele kuwebhusayithi yayo. Iwebhusayithi: https://insse.ro/cms/en 2. I-European Commission's Trade Helpdesk - Le nkundla inikeza ukufinyelela kuzibalo zakamuva zokungenisa nokuthekelisa ze-European Union, okuhlanganisa nalezo zase-Romania. Iwebhusayithi https://trade.ec.europa.eu/ 3. Isikhungo Sohwebo Samazwe Ngamazwe (ITC) - I-ITC inikeza ingosi ebizwa ngokuthi "Imephu Yokuhweba" enikeza izibalo zohwebo ezinemininingwane zamazwe omhlaba wonke, kuhlanganisa neRomania. Iwebhusayithi http://www.trademap.org/ 4. Idatha Evuliwe Yebhange Lomhlaba - IBhange Lomhlaba linikeza ukufinyelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkomba zezomnotho, okuhlanganisa idatha yohwebo lwangaphandle lwamazwe ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-Romania. Iwebhusayithi: https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators 5. Isizindalwazi se-United Nations Comtrade - Lesi sizindalwazi senza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukuhlola izibalo zohwebo lwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe ezinikezwe iziphathimandla zentela kazwelonke. Kufaka phakathi ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle okuvela e-Romania. Iwebhusayithi: https://comtrade.un.org/ Lawa mawebhusayithi anikezela ngedatha egcwele yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwase-Romania, olufana namanani okuthumela nokungenisa ezweni, ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla, amazwe ozakwethu, nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene oluhlobene nemisebenzi yezwe yezohwebo yomhlaba. Kutuswa ukuthi uvakashele le mithombo esemthethweni ngokuqondile ukuze uthole idatha yokuhweba enembile nebuyekeziwe ephathelene ne-Romania kunokuthembela kuphela kumawebhusayithi angekho emthethweni noma ezinkampani zangaphandle ukwethembeka kwawo kungase kuhluke.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

Kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ze-B2B e-Romania ezixhumanisa amabhizinisi futhi zenze uhwebo lube lula. Nazi ezinye ezidumile: 1. I-Romanian-Business.com: Le nkundla ihlose ukukhuthaza izinkampani nemikhiqizo yaseRomania emhlabeni jikelele. Inikeza uhla lwemibhalo lwezinhlu zebhizinisi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, okuvumela ukuxhumana kwe-B2B. Iwebhusayithi: www.romanian-business.com 2. I-Romaniatrade.net: Le nkundla yenza abathumeli bangaphandle base-Romania bakwazi ukuxhumana nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe futhi banwebe izimakethe zabo emhlabeni jikelele. Inikeza amathuluzi okwenza ukufanisa kwe-B2B, imikhondo yezohwebo, nezinkomba zebhizinisi. Iwebhusayithi: www.Romaniatrade.net 3. S.C.EUROPAGES ROMANIA S.R.L.: I-Europages iyinkundla ehamba phambili ye-B2B exhumanisa amabhizinisi avela emazweni ahlukene, okuhlanganisa ne-Romania. Ivumela izinkampani ukuthi zikhangise ngemikhiqizo/amasevisi azo, zithole abangaba ozakwethu noma abahlinzeki, futhi zikhuthaze amathuba ebhizinisi phesheya. Iwebhusayithi: www.europages.ro 4. I-TradeKey Romania: I-TradeKey iyindawo yemakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-B2B ehlanganisa nesigaba esizinikele samabhizinisi ase-Romania. Ivumela abathengi nabathengisi ukuthi baxhume, baxoxisane ngamadili, futhi bahlole izimakethe ezintsha ngaphakathi kwe-Romania noma kwamanye amazwe. Iwebhusayithi: romania.tradekey.com 5.WebDirectori.com.ro – Inkomba yewebhu egcwele e-Romania ebala amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukene ezweni. Iwebhusayithi: webdirectori.com.ro Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa zezinkundla ze-B2B ezidumile e-Romania lapho amabhizinisi angafuna ubambiswano olusha futhi andise ukufinyelela kwawo kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngeziteshi ze-inthanethi.
//