Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile
I-Yemen, etholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeNhlonhlo Yase-Arabia, iyizwe eliheha abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ngezimpahla nezinkonzo ezihlukahlukene. Naphezu kwezingxabano eziqhubekayo kanye nokungazinzi kwezombusazwe, i-Yemen ineziteshi ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemibukiso yezohwebo enomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwayo komnotho.
1. Ichweba lase-Aden: Ichweba lase-Aden lingelinye lamachweba amakhulu e-Yemen futhi lisebenza njengesango elibalulekile lohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Inikeza abangenisi ukufinyelela okulula ezimpahleni ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Ichweba liphethe izimpahla ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa imikhiqizo kaphethiloli, amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukudla nemishini.
2. Isikhumulo Sezindiza Samazwe Ngamazwe Sana'a: Isikhumulo Sezindiza Samazwe Ngamazwe Sana'a sihlinzeka ngezinto zokuhamba emoyeni kubo bobabili abagibeli nempahla. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni imisebenzi yezohwebo ngokuxhumanisa i-Yemen namanye amazwe ngezindiza ezithwala izimpahla ezivela ngaphandle noma ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.
3. I-Taiz Free Zone: Itholakala edolobheni lase-Taiz, le ndawo yezomnotho ekhethekile isebenza njengesizinda esibalulekile sokutshala izimali kwamanye amazwe namathuba okuhweba. Inikeza izikhuthazo ezifana nokukhululwa enteleni, imithethonqubo eyenziwe lula, nezinsiza zengqalasizinda ukuze kuhehe amabhizinisi ngamazwe anentshisekelo emisebenzini yokukhiqiza noma yokuhweba.
4. I-Yemen Trade Fairs: Naphezu kwezinselele ezihlobene nokukhathazeka kwezokuphepha phakathi nezingxabano eziqhubekayo, i-Yemen inemibukiso yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe ehlanganisa abakhiqizi bendawo nabathengi bangaphandle abafuna amathuba ebhizinisi emikhakheni ehlukene efana nezolimo, izindwangu, ezemithi,
I-5.Aden Exhibition Centre: Isikhungo esisodwa sombukiso esiphawulekayo singaphakathi kwedolobha lase-Aden - esaziwa nge-Aden Exhibition Center (AEC). Lesi sikhungo sisingatha imibukiso eminingi kazwelonke neyamazwe ngamazwe unyaka wonke ehlanganisa izimboni ezihlukahlukene njengobuchwepheshe,
6.I-Sana'a International Fair Ground: E-Sana'a-inhloko-dolobha-kunenye indawo ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-Sana'a International Fair Ground lapho abakhiqizi basekhaya bekhangisa ngemikhiqizo yabo kuyilapho beheha izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ezifuna ubudlelwano obungaba khona noma amathuba okutshala imali.
7.Izinkundla Zokuhweba Ezingokoqobo: Njengoba intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe idlala indima ebalulekile emhlabeni wonke namuhla, izinkundla ezingokoqobo ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa amabhizinisi emhlabeni wonke, zinikeza uhla olubanzi lwamathuba okuxhumana nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. I-Yemen iphinde yamukela lo mkhuba, ngamabhizinisi endawo abamba iqhaza emicimbini yokuhweba ebonakalayo futhi asebenzisa izimakethe eziku-inthanethi ukuze afinyelele kumakhasimende angamazwe ngamazwe.
Naphezu kwezinselelo eziqhubekayo, i-Yemen isahlinzeka ngamathuba okuxhumana kwebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe ngokusebenzisa amachweba ayo, izikhumulo zezindiza, izindawo zamahhala, nezikhungo zemibukiso. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi abangaba abathengi bahlale benolwazi mayelana nesimo sezokuphepha kuyilapho behlola iziteshi nezinkundla ezahlukene ezitholakalayo zokufinyelela kubahlinzeki noma abathumeli bempahla base-Yemeni.
Izinjini zokusesha ezijwayelekile
E-Yemen, izinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka:
1. I-Google: Injini yokusesha esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, ehlinzeka ngohlu olukhulu lwemiphumela yosesho namasevisi. Iwebhusayithi: www.google.com.
2. I-Bing: Injini yokusesha ye-Microsoft ehlinzeka ngosesho lwewebhu, ukusesha izithombe, ukusesha kwamavidiyo, amamephu, nokunye. Iwebhusayithi: www.bing.com.
3. I-Yahoo!: Injini yokusesha edumile enikezela ngosesho lwewebhu, izibuyekezo zezindaba, izinsiza ze-imeyili, namanye amathuluzi aku-inthanethi. Iwebhusayithi: www.yahoo.com.
4. I-DuckDuckGo: Yaziwa ngendlela yayo egxile kubumfihlo ekusesheni i-inthanethi kuyilapho igwema imiphumela yomuntu siqu noma ilandelela imisebenzi yabasebenzisi. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.duckduckgo.com.
5. I-Yandex: Enye yezinjini zokusesha ezihamba phambili e-Russia ephinde inikeze ngamasevisi okuhumusha kanye nokufinyelela enhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo/izinsizakalo eziku-inthanethi ezifana namamephu nama-akhawunti e-imeyili ngezilimi eziningi okuhlanganisa nesi-Arabhu. Iwebhusayithi (ngesiNgisi): www.yandex.com.
6.Baidu:Injini yokusesha enkulukazi yaseChina enikezela ngosesho lwewebhu kanye nezinye izici ezinjengokusesha izithombe, ukusesha amavidiyo, ukuhlanganiswa kwezindaba, imephu ebonakalayo, njll.Wesite (ihunyushwe ngokwengxenye esiNgisini):www.baidu.com
Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa zezinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa eYemen; kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abanye abasebenzisi be-inthanethi base-Yemeni bangathembela kumapulatifomu asendaweni noma wesifunda ngezidingo ezithile noma izintandokazi.
Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi
E-Yemen, uhla lwemibhalo oluyinhloko lwamakhasi aphuzi lubizwa ngokuthi "Yellow Pages Yemen" (www.yellowpages.ye). Iwuhlu lwemibhalo oluphelele oluhlinzeka ngolwazi lokuxhumana lwamabhizinisi namasevisi ezweni lonke.
Ezinye izinkomba zekhasi eliphuzi eziphawulekayo e-Yemen zifaka:
1. Yemen Yellow Pages (www.yemenyellowpages.com): Uhlu lwemibhalo lwebhizinisi oluku-inthanethi oluhamba phambili oluhlanganisa izimboni nemikhakha eyahlukene e-Yemen.
2. 010101.Yemen Ephuzi (www.yellowyemen.com): Enye iwebhusayithi edumile yamakhasi aphuzi e-Yemen efaka uhlu lwamabhizinisi, izinhlangano, kanye nezinsizakalo zobungcweti.
3. S3iYEMEN: Le webhusayithi (s3iyemen.com) inikeza uhla lwemibhalo olubanzi olunezigaba ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa amahhotela, izindawo zokudlela, izibhedlela, amabhange, amanyuvesi, nokunye.
Lezi zinkomba zekhasi eliphuzi ziqukethe imininingwane yokuxhumana ebalulekile njengezinombolo zocingo, amakheli, amawebhusayithi/ama-imeyili wamabhizinisi endawo nabahlinzeki besevisi e-Yemen. Ziyizinsiza eziwusizo kubantu abafuna ukuthola izimpahla ezithile noma amasevisi noma ukuthintana nezikhungo kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukutholakala kwalawa mawebhusayithi kungahluka kuye ngezimo zokufinyeleleka kwe-inthanethi ezweni.
Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano
Kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ezinkulu ze-e-commerce eYemen. Nazi ezinye ezivelele kanye namawebhusayithi abo:
1. I-Yemen Alghad (www.yemenalghad.com): Lena inkundla ye-e-commerce edumile e-Yemen enikeza inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo ehlanganisa izinto zikagesi, izingubo zokugqoka, izinto zasendlini, negilosa.
2. I-Sahafy.net (www.sahafy.net): Igxile ezincwadini nakwimikhiqizo ehlobene nemfundo, i-Sahafy.net iyisitolo sezincwadi esihamba phambili ku-inthanethi e-Yemen. Inikeza iqoqo elibanzi lezincwadi kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.
3. Yemencity.com (www.yemencity.com): Le webhusayithi isebenza njengendawo yemakethe eku-inthanethi ethengisa izigaba ezahlukahlukene zemikhiqizo efana nemfashini, izinto zikagesi, ifenisha, nezinto zasendlini.
4. I-Jumia Yemen (www.jumia.com.ye): I-Jumia inkundla ye-e-commerce eyaziwayo yamazwe ngamazwe esebenza emazweni amaningi kuhlanganise ne-Yemen. Inikeza inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo esukela kogesi kuya kobuhle nezinto zemfashini.
5. I-Noon Electronics (noonelectronics.com): Njengoba igama libonisa, le nkundla igxile ekuthengiseni izinto zikagesi ezifana nama-smartphone, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, izisetshenziswa, njll., ihlinzeka amakhasimende ngemikhiqizo ephezulu ngamanani aphusile.
6. iServeYemen (iserveyemen.co
Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu
I-Yemen iyizwe elitholakala eNhlonhlweni yase-Arabia elinamagugu amasiko anothile kanye nomphakathi we-inthanethi ophilayo. Naphezu kokuhileleka ezingxabanweni, amaYemenis asakwazi ukugcina ubukhona babo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ezahlukahlukene, ezisebenza njengendlela ebalulekile yokuxhumana nokuxhumana kwabantu.
Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezidumile ezisetshenziswa eYemen:
1. I-Facebook: I-Facebook isetshenziswa kabanzi kulo lonke elase-Yemen ngesisekelo somsebenzisi esibalulekile. Ivumela abantu ukuthi baxhumane nabangane, babelane ngezithombe, amavidiyo, nezibuyekezo ezimayelana nempilo yabo. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Facebook ithi www.facebook.com.
2. I-Twitter: I-Twitter ingenye inkundla yezokuxhumana edumile lapho abasebenzisi bangathumela futhi bahlanganyele besebenzisa imilayezo emifushane ebizwa ngokuthi "ama-tweets." Ithole ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwamaYemenis ngokwabelana ngezibuyekezo zezindaba kanye nokuzwakalisa imibono ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene. Iwebhusayithi ye-Twitter esemthethweni ithi www.twitter.com.
3. I-WhatsApp: I-WhatsApp iwuhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo olusetshenziswa kakhulu e-Yemen kokubili ukuxhumana komuntu siqu nokwebhizinisi. Abasebenzisi bangathumela imilayezo yombhalo, ukurekhodwa kwezwi, izithombe, amavidiyo, ukwenza amakholi ezwi noma evidiyo ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa idatha ngoxhumano lwe-inthanethi oludingekayo ukuze ufinyelele kuyo.
4. I-Instagram: I-Instagram ithole ukuduma okukhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje phakathi kwentsha yase-Yemenis evame ukuyisebenzisa njengenkundla ebonakalayo ukwabelana ngezithombe namavidiyo abonisa izimpilo zabo zansuku zonke noma izinto abazithandayo ngobuciko. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Instagram ithi www.instagram.com.
5. I-TikTok: I-TikTok isidume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yamavidiyo ayo afushane avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babonise ubuhlakani babo namakhono ngokuvumelanisa izindebe noma ngokudala amafomethi okuqukethwe ahlukile afana nemidanso noma ama-comedy skits. Abasebenzisi abaningi abasebasha abavela e-Yemen nabo bajoyine lo mkhuba ngokwabelana ngokuqukethwe okujabulisayo endaweni ye-TikTok (www.tiktok.com).
6. I-LinkedIn: I-LinkedIn isebenza njengenkundla yokuxhumana yobungcweti lapho abantu bengaxhumana nabanye ochwepheshe ngokusekelwe ezithakazelweni okwabelwana ngazo noma izifiso zomsebenzi eYemen noma emhlabeni jikelele (www.linkedin.com).
7.I-Snapchat:I-app ye-Snaochat nayo izuza ukunakwa phakathi kwama-Yemeni. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathumele izithombe namavidiyo anyamalalayo ngemva kokubukwa, okuyenza idume ngokwabelana ngezikhathi zesikhashana nabangane (www.snapchat.com).
Lezi zinkundla zokuxhumana zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni abantu base-Yemen ukuthi bahlale bexhumekile, babelane ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, futhi baveze imibono yabo naphezu kwezinselelo ezibhekene nazo ezweni.
Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni
I-Yemen, izwe eliseMpumalanga Ephakathi, inezinhlangano eziningana ezinkulu zezimboni ezimele imikhakha eyahlukene. Nazi ezinye zezinhlangano ezivelele zezimboni eYemen kanye namawebhusayithi abo:
1. I-General Union of Chambers of Commerce and Industry - I-GUCOC&I iyinhlangano eyisambulela emele zonke izinhlangano zezohwebo nezimboni kulo lonke elase-Yemen.
Iwebhusayithi http://www.yemengucoci.org/
2. Yemeni Businessmen Club - Le nhlangano imele izintshisekelo zosomabhizinisi nosomabhizinisi baseYemen.
Iwebhusayithi http://www.ybc-yemen.org/
3. I-Federation of Yemen Chambers of Agriculture - Le nhlangano igxile ekuthuthukiseni umkhakha wezolimo e-Yemen.
Iwebhusayithi: N/A
4. I-Federation of Gulf Cooperation Council Chambers (FGCCC) - Nakuba ingaqondile e-Yemen, le nhlangano ihlanganisa abameleli abavela emikhakheni eyahlukene ehlanganisa ezohwebo, ezentengiselwano, nezinkonzo ezivela e-Yemen njengengxenye yenethiwekhi yayo.
Iwebhusayithi: https://fgccc.net/
5. I-Association for Small and Medium Enterprises Development (ASMED) - I-ASMED ihlose ukusekela amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi (ama-SME) ngokuwahlinzeka ngezinhlelo zokuqeqesha, izinsizakalo zokubonisana, kanye nokufinyelela emathubeni okuxhasa ngezimali.
Iwebhusayithi: N/A
6. I-Union for Women Co-operative Associations (UWCA) - I-UWCA igqugquzela ukufukulwa kwabesifazane ngosomabhizinisi ngokweseka imifelandawonye yabesifazane kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene ezifana nezolimo, ezezandla, izindwangu njll.
Iwebhusayithi: N/A
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ezinye izinhlangano zingase zingabi nawo amawebhusayithi afinyelelekayo noma ukuba khona ku-inthanethi ngenxa yezingxabano eziqhubekayo noma izinsiza ezilinganiselwe esimweni samanje sezwe.
Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba
Nawa amanye amawebhusayithi ezomnotho nezohwebo e-Yemen anama-URL awo afanele:
1. Umnyango Wezimboni Nohwebo wase-Yemen: Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yoMnyango ihlinzeka ngolwazi ngamathuba okutshalwa kwezimali, izinqubomgomo zohwebo, imithethonqubo, nezinqubo zokuthumela ngaphandle-zokungenisa impahla.
I-URL: http://mit.gov.ye/
2. I-Yemen General Investment Authority (GIA): Iwebhusayithi ye-GIA inikeza ulwazi mayelana nemiklamo yokutshala izimali, izinhlaka zomthetho, izikhuthazo kubatshalizimali bangaphandle, kanye nemininingwane mayelana nemikhakha ehlukene yezomnotho.
I-URL: http://www.gia.gov.ye/en
3. I-Yemen Chamber of Commerce and Industry (YCCI): Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-YCCI iyinkundla ebalulekile yamabhizinisi afuna ukuxhumana nezinkampani zasendaweni e-Yemen. Inikeza uhla lwemibhalo lwamalungu, izibuyekezo zezindaba zebhizinisi, ikhalenda yemicimbi, nemizamo yokumela.
I-URL: http://www.yemenchamber.com/
4. IBhange Elikhulu LaseYemen: Iwebhusayithi yebhange elikhulu inikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngohlaka lwenqubomgomo yezimali yezwe kanye nezinkomba zezomnotho ezihlobene namazinga okushintshaniswa kwemali yakwamanye amazwe, amazinga okwehla kwamandla emali, imithetho yasebhange njll.
I-URL: http://www.centralbank.gov.ye/eng/index.html
5. I-WTO - I-Economic Development in Yemen Profile: Lesi sigaba esingaphakathi kwesizindalwazi se-WTO sigxile ekunikezeni ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezibalo zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe e-Yemen kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezinqubomgomo zohwebo.
I-URL: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/devel_e/dev_rep_p_2018_e_yemen.pdf
6. Isikhungo Senkonzo Yosomabhizinisi (BSC): I-BSC isiza izinsiza eziningi ezihlanganisa nezinqubo zokubhaliswa kwebhizinisi ezifana nokuthola amalayisense noma izimvume ezidingekayo ukuze kuqalwe ibhizinisi e-Yemen.
I-URL: http://sanid.moci.gov.ye/bdc/informations.jsp?content=c1
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lawa mawebhusayithi ahlinzeka ngezinsiza ezibalulekile zokuhlola amathuba ezomnotho nawezohwebo e-Yemen; nokho, ngenxa yokuntengantenga kwezombusazwe okungaba khona noma izimo zokungqubuzana kuyatuseka ukuqapha lapho wenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ezihlobene nokutshalwa kwezimali noma ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini yebhizinisi ezweni.
Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba
IYemen iyizwe eliseNhlonhlweni yase-Arabia, emngceleni weSaudi Arabia ne-Oman. Ngenxa yezingxabano eziqhubekayo nokuntengantenga kwezombusazwe, umnotho waseYemen uthinteke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kusenemithombo embalwa lapho ungathola khona idatha yokuhweba ehlobene ne-Yemen:
1. Umnyango Wezimboni Nohwebo: Le webhusayithi kahulumeni inikeza ulwazi ngezinqubomgomo zezohwebo, imithethonqubo, kanye nezibalo ezihlobene nokungenisa nokuthekelisa kwe-Yemen. Ungathola idatha emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nezolimo, ezokukhiqiza, ezezimayini, njll.
Iwebhusayithi http://www.moit.gov.ye/
2. I-Central Statistical Organization (CSO) yaseYemen: I-CSO iqoqa futhi ishicilele idatha yezibalo ezicini ezihlukahlukene zomnotho wezwe okuhlanganisa nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Banikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokungenisa kanye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngesigaba somkhiqizo kanye namazwe asebenzisana nabo.
Iwebhusayithi http://www.cso-yemen.org/
3. I-International Monetary Fund (IMF): I-IMF ihlinzeka ngemibiko yezomnotho ephelele emazweni omhlaba wonke ehlanganisa idatha yezomnotho omkhulu waseYemen. Le mibiko ivamise ukuqukatha ulwazi ngokuhamba kwezohwebo, ibhalansi yezibalo zokukhokha, izibalo zezikweletu zangaphandle, njll.
Iwebhusayithi: https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/YEM
4. IBhange Lomhlaba - I-World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): Isizindalwazi se-WITS iyithuluzi elibalulekile elivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele imininingwane enemininingwane yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe emithonjeni eyahlukene okuhlanganisa neziphathimandla zikazwelonke zentela. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi olufana namanani okungenisa/okuthekelisa ngemikhiqizo ethile namazwe ozakwethu.
Iwebhusayithi: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/CTRY/YEM
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukufinyelela idatha yezohwebo yakamuva ye-Yemen kungase kube inselele ngenxa yesimo esintengantengayo ezweni. Ngakho-ke, kuyanconywa ukuthi uqinisekise noma uxhumane nale mithombo ngokuqondile ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthembekile kakhulu.
Amapulatifomu e-B2b
E-Yemen, kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ze-B2B ezisiza ukuthengiselana kwebhizinisi nokuxhumana phakathi kwamabhizinisi endawo nawamazwe ngamazwe. Nazi ezinye ezivelele kanye namawebhusayithi abo:
1. Uhla Lwemibhalo Lwebhizinisi lwase-Yemen (https://www.yemenbusiness.net/): Le nkundla inikeza uhla lwemibhalo olubanzi lwamabhizinisi asebenza e-Yemen kuyo yonke imikhakha ehlukahlukene, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathole abangaba ozakwethu bebhizinisi.
2. I-eYemen (http://www.eyemen.com/): I-eYemen iyindawo yemakethe eku-inthanethi exhumanisa abathengi nabathengisi e-Yemen, enikeza inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo namasevisi okwenziwa kwe-B2B.
3. I-Tradekey Yemen (https://yemen.tradekey.com/): I-Tradekey Yemen iyindawo yemakethe ye-B2B eku-inthanethi exhumanisa abangenisi nabathumela ngaphandle ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezolimo, ezokwakha, izindwangu, izinto zikagesi, njll.
4. Exporters.SG - Yemen Suppliers Directory (https://ye.exporters.sg/): Le nkundla isebenza njengenkomba yabahlinzeki base-Yemeni kuzo zonke izigaba zomkhiqizo ezihlukene ezifana nokudla nesiphuzo, amakhemikhali, imishini, izindwangu, njll., okwenza izinkampani emhlabeni wonke zixhumane nabangase babe ngabahlinzeki bempahla ezweni.
5. Globalpiyasa.com - Yemen Suppliers Directory (https://www.globalpiyasa.com/en/yemin-ithalat-rehberi-yemensektoreller.html): I-Globalpiyasa inikezela ngohlu oluphelele lwabahlinzeki abavela ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezizinze eYemen kumabhizinisi afuna thola imikhiqizo noma usungule ubambiswano ngaphakathi kwezwe.
Lezi zinkundla zisebenza njengamathuluzi asebenzayo ezinkampani ezifuna amathuba ebhizinisi noma ubudlelwano phakathi kwemakethe yaseYemen. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuthala lapho uzibandakanya nabangase babe ozakwethu futhi uqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwabo ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izivumelwano noma ukuthengiselana.