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Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
I-Laos, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Lao People's Democratic Republic, iyizwe elivalekile eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ihlanganyela imingcele namazwe amahlanu: iChina enyakatho, iVietnam ngasempumalanga, iCambodia eningizimu-mpumalanga, iThailand ngasentshonalanga, neMyanmar (iBurma) enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Ihlanganisa indawo ecishe ibe ngamakhilomitha-skwele angama-236,800 (amamayela-skwele angama-91,428), iLaos iyizwe eligcwele izintaba elinezindawo ezihlukene. Umfula iMekong uyingxenye ebalulekile yomngcele wawo osentshonalanga futhi udlala indima ebalulekile kukho kokubili ezokuthutha nezolimo. Ngokulinganiselwa kuka-2021, iLaos inabantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyi-7.4. Inhloko-dolobha yiVientiane futhi isebenza njengesikhungo sezepolitiki nezomnotho sezwe. UbuBuddha buqhutshwa kabanzi amaLaotians amaningi; ilolonga indlela yabo yokuphila namasiko. I-Laos ibone ukukhula komnotho okusheshayo eminyakeni yamuva nje ngenxa yokwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe emadamini aphehlwa ngamanzi, amaphrojekthi ezimayini, kanye nezokuvakasha. Umnotho wayo uncike kakhulu kwezolimo ezibalelwa ku-25% wesamba somkhiqizo walo wasekhaya (GDP). Izitshalo ezinkulu zihlanganisa irayisi, ummbila, imifino, ubhontshisi wekhofi. Isizwe siphethe insada yemithombo yemvelo njengamahlathi enziwe ngezingodo nezimbiwa phansi njengezinqolobane zikawoyela wamalahle we-tin ore gold gypsum lead. Kodwa-ke, ukugcina intuthuko esimeme ngenkathi kugcinwa lezi zinsiza kubangela izinselele eLaos. Ezokuvakasha seziphenduke umkhakha obalulekile emnothweni waseLaos; izivakashi zikhangwa izindawo zayo ezimangalisayo ezihlanganisa izimpophoma ezifana ne-Kuang Si Fallsqq izindawo zomlando ezidumile ezifana ne-Luang Prabang - indawo ye-UNESCO World Heritage site - ebonisa ukuhlangana okuyingqayizivele kwezakhiwo phakathi kwezitayela zendabuko zaseLaotian ezinamathonya aseYurophu avela ekoloni yaseFrance. Naphezu kwenqubekelaphambili eseyenziwe eminyakeni yamuva nje,, iLaos isabhekene nezinselelo ezithile zentuthuko. Kafushane, iLaos iyizwe elimangalisayo eliphakathi kweNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Amagugu ayo acebile amasiko, izindawo ezimangalisayo, kanye nabantu abanezinhliziyo ezifudumele kuyenza ibe indawo eyingqayizivele nehehayo ongayihlola.
Imali Yezwe
I-Laos, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Lao People's Democratic Republic, inohlobo lwemali olubizwa nge-Lao kip (LAK). I-kip ithenda esemthethweni futhi kuphela esemthethweni e-Laos. Izinga lokushintshana lamanje le-Lao kip liyahlukahluka kodwa ngokuvamile lihamba cishe ku-9,000 kuya ku-10,000 kips ngedola elilodwa laseMelika. Inani le-kip uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zemali ezinkulu njenge-euro noma iphawundi yaseBrithani nalo liphansi ngokuqhathaniswa. Nakuba kungenzeka ukushintshanisa izimali zakwamanye amazwe emabhange nasezikhawulweni zokushintshanisa imali ezigunyaziwe emadolobheni amakhulu njenge-Vientiane ne-Luang Prabang, kungase kube lula kakhulu ukusebenzisa uhlobo lwemali lwasendaweni ukwenza imisebenzi ngaphakathi kwe-Laos. Emadolobheni amancane noma ezindaweni zasemaphandleni lapho ezokuvakasha zingase zingadlanga kangako, kungase kube nzima ukuthola izikhungo ezamukela izimali zakwamanye amazwe noma amakhadi esikweletu. Ngenkathi uhamba e-Laos, kuyanconywa ukuthi uphathe imali ethile nge-Lao kip yezindleko zansuku zonke ezifana nokudla, imali yokuhamba, imali yokungena ezindaweni zomlando noma amapaki kazwelonke, ukuthengwa kwezimakethe zendawo, nezinye izindleko ezijwayelekile. Amakhadi esikweletu amukelwa emahhotela amakhulu, ezindaweni zokudlela ezisezingeni eliphezulu noma ezitolo eziphakela izivakashi. Nokho, sicela uqaphele ukuthi inkokhiso eyengeziwe ingase isebenze uma usebenzisa amakhadi esikweletu ngenxa yezindleko zokucubungula ezibekwe amabhizinisi endawo. Kubalulekile ukuthi abavakashi abavakashela e-Laos bacabangele izidingo zabo zezimali kusenesikhathi futhi bahlele ngokufanele ngokushintsha inani lemali abalifunayo ngaphambi kokufika ezikhumulweni zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe noma lapho befika besebenzisa iziteshi ezigunyaziwe. Ukwengeza, ukugcina inani elincane lamadola aseMelika njengesipele sezimo eziphuthumayo kungase kube yinzuzo ezimeni ezingalindelekile lapho ukuthola imali kuba inselele. Khumbula ukuthi ukwazi ngezinga lokushintshanisa imali kwamanje ngaphambi kokuhamba kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi unombono wokuthi malini imali yakho yasekhaya ezoguqulelwa ku-Lao kip lapho ushintsha izimali ngesikhathi uhlala e-Laos.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Imali esemthethweni yaseLaos yiLao kip (LAK). Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanani okushintshanisa angahluka futhi aguquguquke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2021, izilinganiso zokushintshisana cishe zezinye zezimali ezinkulu yilezi: - 1 USD (iDola lase-United States) = 9,077 LAK - 1 EUR (Euro) = 10,662 LAK - 1 GBP (Ipondo laseBrithani) = 12,527 LAK - 1 CNY (Chinese Yuan Renminbi) = 1,404 LAK Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi lezi zilinganiso zingase zishintshe futhi kuyanconywa ukuthi uhlole nomthombo othembekile noma ibhange ukuze uthole amanani okushintshanisa akamuva kakhulu.
Amaholide Abalulekile
I-Laos, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Lao People's Democratic Republic, iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia eligubha imikhosi eminingana ebalulekile unyaka wonke. Le mikhosi igxile kakhulu ezinkolelweni zendabuko namasiko abantu baseLaosia. Nansi eminye yemikhosi ebalulekile egujwa e-Laos: 1. I-Pi Mai Lao (Unyaka Omusha WaseLao): I-Pi Mai Lao ingenye yemikhosi ebaluleke kakhulu negujwa kabanzi e-Laos. Kwenzeka kusukela ngo-Ephreli 13 kuya ku-15, okuphawula ukuqala konyaka omusha ngokwekhalenda yendabuko yamaBuddha. Phakathi nalo mkhosi, abantu bahlanganyela ezimpini zamanzi, bavakashela amathempeli ukuze bathole izibusiso, bakhe izigxobo zesihlabathi ezibonisa ukuvuselelwa nokuhlanzwa, futhi bahlanganyele emisebenzini yamasiko. 2. I-Boun Bang Fai (Umkhosi Werokhethi): Lo mkhosi wasendulo ubanjwa ngoMeyi futhi uphawula umzamo wokubiza imvula ukuze uthole inala yesivuno. Izakhamuzi zakha amarokhethi amakhulu enziwe ngoqalo agcwele isibhamu noma ezinye izinto ezivutha umlilo ezibe sezithululelwa esibhakabhakeni ngomdlandla omkhulu nokuncintisana. 3. I-Boun That Luang (Lowo Mkhosi WaseLuang): Igujwa njalo ngoNovemba minyaka yonke e-That Luang Stupa - uphawu lukazwelonke lwaseLaos - lo mkhosi wenkolo uqoqa amakholwa avela kulo lonke elaseLaos ukuze ahloniphe izinsalela zikaBuddha ezibekwe ngaphakathi kwe-That Luang Stupa complex elise-Vientiane. inhlokodolobha. 4. Unyaka Omusha We-Khmu: Iqembu lesizwe sama-Khmu ligubha uNyaka Omusha ngezinsuku ezihlukahlukene kuye ngendawo yangakubo kodwa ngokuvamile uba phakathi kukaNovemba noJanuwari izinyanga unyaka ngamunye kulandela amasiko okhokho ahlanganisa ukudansa, ukuvezwa kwezingubo ezimibalabala njll. 5. I-Awk Phansa: Yenzeka ngezikhathi ezihlukene phakathi kuka-Okthoba noma uNovemba ngokusekelwe osukwini lwenyanga egcwele yekhalenda lenyanga kulandela izinyanga ezintathu zenkathi yokuhlehla yenkathi yemvula ethi 'Vassa' ilandelwa izindela zamaBuddha zaseTheravada; ikhumbula ukwehla kukaBuddha ebuyela eMhlabeni ngemva kokuhlala kwakhe ezulwini ngezikhathi zezimvula. Le mikhosi idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni amagugu amasiko aseLaos futhi iyindlela enhle kakhulu yabantu bendawo kanye nezivakashi ngokufanayo ukuze bazizwele amasiko acebile, izingubo zokugqoka ezinempilo, umculo wendabuko nomdanso, kanye nokudla okumnandi okuchaza isiko laseLaotian.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
I-Laos iyizwe elivaliwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, labelana ngemingcele namazwe amaningana ahlanganisa i-China, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, kanye neMyanmar. Inabantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyisi-7 futhi umnotho wayo uthembele kakhulu kwezolimo, izimboni, kanye nezinsizakalo. Mayelana nezohwebo, iLaos ibilokhu ilwela ukwandisa ukuxhumana kwayo namazwe omhlaba. Izwe ngokuyinhloko lithumela kwamanye amazwe imithombo yemvelo efana nezimbiwa (ithusi negolide), ugesi okhiqizwa ngamaphrojekthi kagesi, imikhiqizo yezolimo (ikhofi, irayisi), izindwangu, nezingubo. Abalingani bayo abakhulu bokuhweba bahlanganisa iThailand, iChina, iVietnam, iJapan, iSouth Korea phakathi kwabanye. I-Thailand idlala indima ebalulekile emisebenzini yohwebo yaseLaos ngenxa yokuba seduze kwezindawo. Izimpahla eziningi zithuthwa ngoxhaxha lwemigwaqo emngceleni okusiza ukuhanjiswa kwemikhiqizo phakathi kwalawa mazwe womabili. I-China iphinde ibe neqhaza elibalulekile njengomtshali-zimali omkhulu kumaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda njengamadamu nezitimela. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi iLaos ibhekene nezinselelo ezimbalwa emkhakheni wayo wezohwebo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda okulinganiselwe kanye nezinqubo ze-bureaucratic kungakhinyabeza ukusebenza kahle kwezohwebo. Ukwengeza, ukuntuleka kwabasebenzi abanamakhono kubangela izinselelo zokuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe imisebenzi yohwebo , i-Laos ibizibandakanya ngenkuthalo emizamweni yokuhlanganiswa kwesifunda ngobulungu nezinhlangano ezifana ne-ASEAN (Inhlangano Yezizwe EziseNingizimu-mpumalanga Ye-Asia) . Lokhu kunikeza amathuba okufinyelela emakethe ngokusebenzisa amanani akhethekile phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu. Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, uhulumeni waseLao uyaqhubeka nokusebenzela ukuheha abatshalizimali abaningi bakwamanye amazwe ngokuthuthukisa imithetho yebhizinisi, okulenze libe indawo ekhangayo kubatshalizimali .Kuyaqhubeka ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yezokuthutha okuzosiza ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana namazwe angomakhelwane ngaleyo ndlela kusize ukuhwebelana kwemingcele kalula . Sekukonke, isimo sezohwebo saseLao sibonisa amathuba angaba khona kodwa nezithiyo ezithile.Imithombo yayo yemvelo ecebile kanye nemizamo yokuhlanganiswa kwesifunda kubonisa isithembiso, kodwa kufanele kwenziwe intuthuko ukuze kuhehwe ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe okungabamba iqhaza ekukhuleni komnotho okusimeme wezwe.
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
I-Laos, izwe elivalekile eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ibonise amandla abalulekile okuthuthukisa imakethe yayo yohwebo lwangaphandle. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, iLaos yenze igxathu ekuthuthukiseni ubudlelwano bayo bezohwebo nokuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe. Indawo ekahle yezwe phakathi komnotho okhulayo wesifunda se-ASEAN iyenza indawo ekahle yohwebo. Ngamanethiwekhi asekelwe kahle ezokuthutha axhuma iLaos emazweni angomakhelwane njengeThailand, Vietnam, neChina, isebenza njengesango elibalulekile lohwebo lwesifunda. Amaphrojekthi aqhubekayo okuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda, okuhlanganisa imigwaqo emisha kanye noxhaxha lwezitimela ngaphansi kwe-"Belt and Road Initiative," izothuthukisa futhi ithuthukise ukuxhuma futhi ikhulise ukuhlanganiswa kweLaos kumaketanga amanani emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iLaos inezinsiza zemvelo eziningi ezifana namandla aphehlwa ngamanzi, amaminerali, izingodo kanye nemikhiqizo yezolimo. Lezi zinsiza zinikeza amathuba akhangayo kukho kokubili ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle. Umkhakha wezolimo udlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni waseLaos ngokufaka isandla emathubeni emisebenzi kanye nenzuzo yokuthekelisa ngezitshalo ezifana nekhofi, irayisi, ummbila, irabha, ugwayi, netiye. Uhulumeni waseLaos wenze izinguquko ezehlukene kwezomnotho okuhloswe ngazo ukuheha abatshalizimali bangaphandle (i-FDI) emikhakheni ebalulekile efana nezimboni zokukhiqiza (izingubo/izindwangu), izinsiza zezokuvakasha nezokuvakasha, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla. Izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda ziholele ekwenyukeni kwe-FDI imali engenayo evela emazweni afana ne-China, Thailand, Vietnam, Singapore, neSouth Korea.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izwe libamba iqhaza elikhulu emizamweni yokuhlanganisa umnotho wesifunda ngobulungu balo e-ASEAN kanye nezivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala (FTA) ezihlanganisa i-ACFTA, AFTA, ne-RCEP yenza kube lula ukufinyelela ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. Nakuba kunezinkomba ezinhle zokukhula kohwebo lwangaphandle e-Laos, izwe lisabhekene nezinselelo ezidinga ukunakwa.Isibonelo, ukushoda kwengqalasizinda yezokuthutha eyanele, njengamachweba, ukuntuleka kwabasebenzi abanamakhono, izinqubo ezingasebenzi kahle zokukhokha intela, ukubusa, ukuvinjelwa kwentela kanye -izithiyo zezindleko zingakhinyabeza ukusebenza kwebhizinisi okushelelayo.Nokho, iLaos ibhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokutshala imali eningi ekuthuthukiseni ingqalasizinda, igqugquzela uhwebo ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zokukhokha intela kanye nokwenza lula imithetho yebhizinisi. Sekukonke, i-Laos inikezela ngamathuba amakhulu angasetshenziswa emakethe yayo yohwebo lwangaphandle ngenxa yendawo yayo ekahle, izinsiza zemvelo, izinguquko eziqhubekayo kwezomnotho, kanye nemizamo yokuhlanganisa.I-Laos yenze inqubekelaphambili ekuheheni i-FDI kanye nokukhuthaza ukuhwebelana nabalingani bayo besifunda. Ngokuqhubeka kwezinguquko kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali emikhakheni ebalulekile, iLaos ingaqhubeka nokusebenzisa amandla ayo okuba umdlali oqhudelanayo emakethe yomhlaba.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo yemakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle e-Laos, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinto ezifana nezintandokazi zamasiko, izimo zomnotho, nemithetho yokungenisa. Nazi ezinye izincomo zemikhiqizo edayiswa kakhulu emakethe yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe yaseLaos. 1. Izindwangu Nezingubo: Abantu baseLaotian banesidingo esinamandla sezindwangu nezingubo. Izindwangu zendabuko ezilukwe ngesandla ezifana nosilika nokotini zithandwa kakhulu kubantu bendawo kanye nezivakashi ezivakashela eLaos. Ukuklama izingubo zesimanje usebenzisa izindwangu zendabuko kungakhanga abathengi bendawo nalabo abafuna izinto eziyisikhumbuzo eziyingqayizivele. 2. Imisebenzi yezandla: I-Laos yaziwa ngemisebenzi yayo yezandla eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngabadwebi abanekhono. Lezi zihlanganisa izinto eziqoshwe ngokhuni, izinto zesiliva, izitsha zobumba, ubhasikidi nobucwebe. Le mikhiqizo ibamba ukubaluleka kwamasiko futhi iheha izivakashi ezinentshisekelo yokwazi ubuciko bendawo. 3. Imikhiqizo Yezolimo: Uma kubhekwa umhlaba ovundile nesimo sezulu esivumayo e-Laos, imikhiqizo yezolimo inamandla amakhulu emakethe yohwebo yangaphandle. Izinhlobo zelayisi zemvelo ezitshalwa endaweni zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokunambitheka kwazo kwekhwalithi. Eminye imikhiqizo yezolimo efanelekela ukuthekelisa ngaphandle ihlanganisa ubhontshisi wekhofi (Arabica), amaqabunga etiye, izinongo (ezifana ne-cardamom), izithelo nemifino (njengomango noma ama-lychees), uju lwemvelo, kanye namakhambi asetshenziswa emithini yesintu. 4. Ifenisha: Ngenxa yokwanda kwenani lemiklamo yokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda ezweni lonke, kunesidingo esikhulu sempahla yefenisha njengamatafula, izihlalo, amakhabethe enziwe ngezinto ezisimeme njengoqalo noma ukhuni lwe-teak. Imikhiqizo ye-5.Ikhofi & Netiye: Inhlabathi ecebile yaseningizimu ye-Laotian highlands inikeza izimo ezikahle zokutshala amasimu ekhofi kuyilapho izifunda ezisenyakatho zinikeza indawo enhle kakhulu efanelekile ukulinywa kwetiye. Ubhontshisi wekhofi otholakala e-Bolaven Plateau baziwa emhlabeni wonke kanti itiye laseLao selidume umhlaba wonke ngenxa yephunga lalo eliyingqayizivele. 6.Ezogesi Nezisetshenziswa Zasekhaya: Njengoba amazinga okuphila ethuthuka phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasemadolobheni e-Laos eqinisekisa ukufinyelela ezintweni zikagesi ezithengekayo kodwa ezisezingeni elihle ezihlanganisa ama-smartphone, amalaptop, ama-TV, iziqandisi, imishini yokuwasha njll. Lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo yemakethe yohwebo yangaphandle yaseLaos, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu lwemakethe futhi ucabangele okuthandwayo nezimfuneko zabathengi basekhaya kanye nabavakashi bamazwe ngamazwe. Ukwengeza, ukuqonda imithetho yokungenisa nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwamazinga okupakisha namalebula kuzobaluleka ebhizinisini eliyimpumelelo emakethe yohwebo yangaphandle yaseLaotia.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
I-Laos, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), iyizwe elivaliwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Njengoba inenani labantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyisi-7, iLaos inezici zayo ezihlukile zamakhasimende kanye nezithiyo. Uma kuziwa ezicini zamakhasimende, abantu baseLaos ngokuvamile baziwa njengabantu abanesizotha, abanobungane futhi abanenhlonipho. Bazisa ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu futhi babeke phambili ukwethembana nokwethembeka ekusebenzelaneni kwabo nabanye, okuhlanganisa namakhasimende. Esimeni sebhizinisi, amakhasimende e-Laos akhetha ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso kunokuthembela ezinkundleni zedijithali kuphela. Ukwakha ukuxhumana okuqinile komuntu siqu namakhasimende kubalulekile ekuhwebeni kwebhizinisi okuyimpumelelo. Ukwengeza, ukubekezela kuyimfanelo ebalulekile lapho usebenzisana namakhasimende aseLaotian njengoba engase athathe isikhathi sawo enza izinqumo noma axoxisane ngezinkontileka. Ukuxhamazela ezingxoxweni noma ukukhombisa ukungabi nasineke kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kobudlelwano. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona izithiyo zamasiko okufanele zihlonishwe lapho wenza ibhizinisi noma uxhumana namakhasimende e-Laos: 1. Gwema ukuthukuthela: Kubhekwa njengokungahloniphi kakhulu ukuphakamisa izwi noma ukubonisa intukuthelo phakathi nezingxoxo nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokushintshisana ngebhizinisi. Ukuhlala uzolile futhi uzinzile ngisho nasezimweni eziyinselele kuyaziswa kakhulu. 2. Ukuhlonipha abadala: Izindinganiso zendabuko zigxilile esikweni lamaLaotian; ngakho-ke ukubonisa inhlonipho kubantu abadala kubalulekile kuzo zonke izici zempilo kuhlanganise nokusebenzisana kwezamabhizinisi. 3.Ukubuyisela emuva ukuthintana ngokomzimba: Abantu baseLaotian ngokuvamile abahlanganyeli ngokweqile ngokomzimba njengokugona noma ukuqabulana ngenkathi bebingelelana; ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugcina izinga elifanele lendawo yomuntu siqu ngaphandle uma kuboniswe ngenye indlela uzakwenu. 4.Hlonipha amasiko amaBuddha: UbuBuddha budlala indima ebalulekile emphakathini waseLao; ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlonipha imikhuba nezinkolelo zabo kukho konke ukuxhumana.Ukuziphatha okungafanele ezingosini zezenkolo noma ukungahloniphi izimpawu zenkolo kuzolimaza kakhulu ubudlelwano nabantu bendawo. Ngokuqonda lezi zici zamasiko nokugwema izithiyo ngenkathi uzibandakanya namakhasimende aseLaotian, ukuhlakulela ubudlelwano obuqinile obusekelwe ekwethembeni nasekuhlonipheni kungasungulwa, okuholela emizamweni yebhizinisi ephumelelayo.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
UMnyango Wezamasiko Nezokufika waseLaos unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha imithetho yentela kanye nezinqubo zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe. Abahambi abangena noma abasuka eLaos kufanele bathobele le mithetho ukuze baqinisekise ukungena noma ukuphuma okushelelayo. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile zohlelo lokuphatha amasiko eLaos kanye nezinyathelo okufanele uzicabangele: 1. Izinqubo Zokungena: Lapho befika, bonke abahambi kudingeka bagcwalise ifomu lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, banikeze imininingwane yomuntu nenjongo yokuvakashelwa. Ukwengeza, ipasipoti enezinyanga okungenani eziyisithupha iyadingeka. 2. Izidingo Ze-Visa: Kuye ngobuzwe bakho, ungase udinge i-visa kusengaphambili noma ungayithola lapho ufika ezindaweni zokuhlola ezigunyaziwe. Kuyancomeka ukuthi uhlole iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Lao National Tourism Administration ngezidingo ze-Visa ngaphambi kohambo. 3. Izinto Ezinqatshelwe: Izinto ezithile zivinjelwe ukungena noma ukuphuma eLaos, okuhlanganisa izidakamizwa (izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni), izibhamu, izinhlamvu, imikhiqizo yezilwane zasendle (izinyo lendlovu, izingxenye zezilwane), izimpahla zomgunyathi, nezinto zobuciko zamasiko ngaphandle kokugunyazwa okufanele. 4. Imithetho Yezimali: Ayikho imikhawulo enanini lemali yangaphandle engalethwa e-Laos kodwa kufanele imenyezelwe lapho ifika uma idlula i-USD 10,000 elingana nomuntu ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali yasendaweni (Lao Kip) akufanele ikhishwe ezweni. 5. Izibonelelo Zamahhala: Abahambi bavunyelwe ukuletha inani elilinganiselwe lezimpahla zamahhala njengotshwala nemikhiqizo kagwayi ukuze bazisebenzisele bona; nokho amanani eqile angaphezu kwemikhawulo ethile angadinga ukukhokhwa kwemisebenzi esebenzayo. 6. Imikhawulo Yokuthekelisa: Imikhawulo efanayo iyasebenza lapho kuthunyelwa izimpahla zisuka e-Laos - izinto ezingavunyelwe njengezakudala noma izinto ezibalulekile ngokwamasiko zidinga izimvume ezikhethekile zokuthekelisa. 7.Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Zezempilo: Eminye imithi yokugoma efana ne-hepatitis A & B kanye nemithi elwa nomalaleveva iyanconywa ngaphambi kokuvakashela e-Laos-bonana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe. Ukuze ube nolwazi lokungena/lokuphuma okungenazinkinga lapho uvakashela i-Laos kuhle ukuthi abahambi bazijwayeze le mihlahlandlela yesistimu yokuphatha amasiko kusengaphambili.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
I-Laos, izwe elivaliwe ezweni eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, inentela ethile yokungenisa kanye nezintela ezimpahleni ezingena emingceleni yayo. Izwe lilandela uhlelo olusekelwe ezindlekweni zokulawula ukuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kanye nokungenisela uhulumeni imali. Izilinganiso zentela yokungenisa e-Laos ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwezimpahla ezilethwa ezweni. Ngokuvamile, kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: 1. Izimpahla Ezingavuthiwe Nezisetshenziswa: Izinto ezibalulekile njengemishini, okokusebenza, nezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziselwa izimboni zokukhiqiza ngokuvamile zinikezwa amalungelo akhethekile. Lezi zimpahla zingase zibe ngaphansi kwentela ephansi noma engenalutho yokungenisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukutshalwa kwezimali nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ngaphakathi kwe-Laos. 2. Izimpahla Zabathengi: Imikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe ehloselwe ukusetshenziswa ngokuqondile ngabantu ngabanye ibhekene nentela ephakathi nendawo ukuze kuvikelwe izimboni zasekhaya. Ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwezimpahla ezithengwayo, njengezingubo, izinto zikagesi, noma izinto zasendlini, amanani entela ahlukahlukene azosebenza kuCustoms. 3. Izimpahla zikanokusho: Izinto zikanokusho ezivela kwamanye amazwe njengezimoto zohlobo oluphambili, ubucwebe, iziqholo/izimonyo ziheha intela ethe xaxa kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yokungabalulekile kwazo kanye nenani eliphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iLaos iyilungu lezivumelwano zezomnotho zesifunda eziningana ezithinta izinqubomgomo zayo zohwebo. Ngokwesibonelo: - Njengelungu le-Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), i-Laos ijabulela amanani akhethekile lapho ihweba namanye amazwe e-ASEAN ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zohwebo zesifunda. - Ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano zohwebo olukhululekile zamazwe amabili (ama-FTA) namazwe afana ne-China ne-Japan phakathi kwamanye aphinde abe nomthelela ekuthengisweni kweLaos okuvela kulawa mazwe ngokunciphisa noma ukuqeda amanani athile. Izinqubo zeCustoms kumele zilandelwe ngenkathi kuthunyelwa izimpahla eLaos. Izidingo zokubhalwa kwamadokhumenti zifaka ama-invoyisi ezentengiselwano anemininingwane yezincazelo zomkhiqizo kanye namanani afanele; izinhlu zokupakisha; izikweletu zokulayishwa/izindlela zokuhamba zomoya; izitifiketi zokuzalwa uma zikhona; Ifomu Lesimemezelo Sokungenisa; phakathi kwabanye. Kuphakanyiswa ukuthi amabhizinisi noma abantu abahlela ukungenisa izimpahla e-Laos baxhumane neziphathimandla ezifanele njengeminyango yempahla noma abeluleki abangochwepheshe abajwayelene nemithetho ye-Lao mayelana nezintela zokungenisa impahla ngaphandle ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimiphi imisebenzi yokungenisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulandelwa kwezidingo zezwe.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
I-Laos, eyizwe elivalekile elise-Southeast Asia, isebenzise izinqubomgomo ezithile zentela yokuthekelisa ukuze ilawule imisebenzi yayo yokuhweba. Izwe ngokuyinhloko lithumela kwamanye amazwe imithombo yemvelo kanye nemikhiqizo yezolimo. Ake sihlole inqubomgomo yentela yokuthekelisa yaseLaos. Ngokuvamile, i-Laos ibeka izintela zokuthekelisa ezimpahleni ezithile kunakuzo zonke izimpahla. Lezi zintela zihlose ukukhuthaza ukwengezwa kwenani ezweni kanye nokuthuthukisa umnotho wendawo. Ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezivela eLaos zihlanganisa amaminerali afana nethusi negolide, imikhiqizo yezingodo, imikhiqizo yezolimo efana nelayisi nekhofi, kanye nezindwangu ezigayiwe. Ezimbiweni ezimbiwa phansi njengethusi negolide, intela yokuthumela ngaphandle esukela ku-1% ukuya ku-2% ikhokhiswa ngokusekelwe enanini lemakethe yalezi zimpahla. Le ntela ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye efanelekile yenzuzo ihlala ngaphakathi ezweni ngokugqugquzela ukucubungula nokuheha abatshalizimali bezimboni zokukhiqiza zakuleli. Ukwengeza, eminyakeni yamuva nje kube nemizamo eyenziwa uhulumeni waseLao ukukhuthaza izinqubo ezisimeme zokukhiqiza izingodo. Njengengxenye yalolu hlelo, intela yokuthekelisa elingana no-10% isetshenziswa ekuthumeleni izingodo ezisahwe. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokucubungula ekhaya ngenkathi kuvimbela ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokweqile. Uma kuziwa ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe okusekelwe kwezolimo njengerayisi nobhontshisi wekhofi, azikho izintela ezithile zokuthekelisa ezibekiwe njengamanje. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le mikhiqizo ingaphansi kwentela yempahla evamile esukela ku-5% ukuya ku-40%, kuya ngezici ezifana namazinga ekhwalithi noma inani elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. I-Laos iphinde izuze ezivumelwaneni zokuhweba ezincanyelwayo namazwe angomakhelwane ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano ezifana ne-ASEAN (Inhlangano Yezizwe EziseNingizimu-mpumalanga Ye-Asia) noma i-ACMECS (Isu Lokubambisana Kwezomnotho le-Ayeyawady-Chao Phraya-Mekong). Ngaphansi kwalezi zivumelwano, izimpahla ezithile zingase zithole amanani ancishisiwe noma akhululiwe okungenisa/ukuthumela phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu okuhloswe ngawo ukugqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa komnotho wesifunda. Sekukonke, inqubomgomo yentela yokuthekelisa ye-Laos yokuthumela ngaphandle igxile ekwengezeni inani elikhulu endaweni kuyilapho iqinisekisa izinqubo zentuthuko esimeme emikhakheni efana nokumbiwa kwezimbiwa kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezingodo.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
I-Laos, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Lao People's Democratic Republic, iyizwe elivalekile eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Njengenye yezomnotho ezikhula ngokushesha esifundeni, iLaos ibigxile ekuthuthukiseni imboni yayo yokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze ikhulise ukukhula komnotho futhi ithuthukise ubudlelwano bayo bokuhwebelana namanye amazwe. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokuphepha kokuthunyelwa kwayo kwamanye amazwe, i-Laos isungule inqubo Yokunikeza Isitifiketi Sokuthekelisa. Le nqubo ibandakanya uchungechunge lokuhlolwa nezitifiketi okufanele imikhiqizo idlule kukho ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe ezimakethe zangaphandle. Isinyathelo sokuqala sabathumela kwamanye amazwe ukuthola isitifiketi sokuzalwa. Lo mbhalo uqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zakhiqizwa noma zakhiqizwa eLaos. Inikeza ulwazi mayelana nemvelaphi yomkhiqizo futhi ngokuvamile idingeka ngokungenisa amazwe ukuze kutholakale imvume yentela. Ukwengeza, imikhiqizo ethile ingase idinge izitifiketi ezithile noma izimvume. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yezolimo efana nelayisi noma ikhofi ingadinga izitifiketi ze-phytosanitary ukufakazela ukuthi ayinazo izinambuzane noma izifo. Ezinye izimpahla ezifana nezindwangu noma izingubo zingadinga izitifiketi ezihlobene namazinga ekhwalithi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho nezindinganiso zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, abathumeli bempahla baseLao kumele futhi bahambisane nezidingo ezithile zokulebula. Amalebula kufanele afake ulwazi olubalulekile njengegama lomkhiqizo, izithako (uma zikhona), isisindo/ivolumu, idethi yokukhiqiza (noma idethi yokuphelelwa yisikhathi uma ikhona), izwe lendabuko, kanye nemininingwane yomthengi ongenayo. Ukuze kube lula inqubo yesitifiketi sokuthekelisa ngokuqhubekayo, iLaos ibamba iqhaza ngokugcwele ezinhlanganweni zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-ASEAN (Inhlangano Yezizwe EziseNingizimu-mpumalanga Ye-Asia) kanye ne-WTO (Inhlangano Yezohwebo Yomhlaba). Lobu bulungu buvumela ukubambisana phakathi kwamazwe mayelana nezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zezohwebo kuyilapho futhi kukhuthazwa amathuba okufinyelela emakethe okuthunyelwa kweLao kwamanye amazwe. Sekukonke, iLaos iyakubona ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwayo kwamanye amazwe kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi. Ngokuqalisa uhlelo lokunikeza isitifiketi sokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kanye nokubamba iqhaza emizamweni yezinhlangano zohwebo emhlabeni wonke, i-Laos ihlose ukuthuthukisa ukuzethemba phakathi kwabangenisa kwamanye amazwe mayelana nobuqiniso kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo kuyilapho ikhuthaza ukukhula komnotho okusimeme ngokukhula kwemisebenzi yokuthekelisa.
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
I-Laos, izwe elivalekile eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, yenze inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo engqalasizinda yayo yezokuthutha eminyakeni yamuva nje. Nansi eminye imininingwane enconyiwe ye-Logistics yaseLaos: 1. Ezokuthutha: Inethiwekhi yezokuthutha e-Laos ikakhulukazi yakhiwe imigwaqo, imizila yezitimela, nemigudu yomoya. Ukuthutha emgwaqeni kuyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokuthutha zasekhaya neziwela umngcele. Imigwaqo emikhulu exhuma amadolobha amakhulu ithuthukisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuxhumana phakathi kwezwe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izimo zomgwaqo zingahluka futhi ezinye izindawo kusengenzeka ukuthi zisantula ingqalasizinda efanele. 2. Ukuthutha Ngomoya: Ezimpahleni ezizwela isikhathi noma ezinenani eliphezulu, ukuthuthwa emoyeni kuyanconywa. Isikhumulo sezindiza i-Wattay International enhloko-dolobha yaseVientiane sisebenza njengesizinda esikhulu sokuthuthwa kwezimpahla zomoya. Izinkampani zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe eziningana zisebenzisa izindiza ezivamile zisuka emadolobheni amakhulu emhlabeni wonke ziye kulesi sikhumulo. 3. Amachweba: Naphezu kokuba izwe elivalekile, iLaos iyakwazi ukufinyelela emachwebeni omhlaba ngamazwe angomakhelwane njengeThailand neVietnam eduze nohlelo lomfula iMekong. Amachweba amakhulu emifula ahlanganisa i-Vientiane Port emngceleni neThailand kanye ne-Luang Prabang Port emngceleni neChina. 4.Uhwebo Lwemingcele: I-Laos yabelana ngemingcele namazwe amaningana ahlanganisa iThailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, China, kanye neMyanmar okwenza ukuhwebelana kwemingcele kube ingxenye ebalulekile yenethiwekhi yayo yezokuthutha. Kwakhiwe izindawo ezehlukene zokuhlola imingcele ukuze kube lula ukuhwebelana kanye nezinqubo zokususa intela. 5.Abahlinzeki Bensizakalo Yezokuthutha: Kukhona bobabili abahlinzeki bensizakalo yezokuthutha basekhaya nabakwamanye amazwe abasebenza ngaphakathi eLaos abahlinzeka ngezinsiza ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa indawo yokugcina impahla, usizo lokukhishwa kwempahla, kanye nezinkonzo zokudlulisela impahla.Ubuchwepheshe babo bungasiza ukwenza lula ukusebenza kwakho kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngenkathi uzulazula kunoma yikuphi ukuhlelwa kwempahla. izinselele ezingase ziphakame. 6.Izindawo zokugcina impahla: Izakhiwo zokugcina impahla zitholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni njenge-Vientiane.I-Laos ibone ukwanda kwengqalasizinda yendawo yokugcina impahla ehlinzeka ngezixazululo zesitoreji, izinsiza ezifana nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla eziboshiwe ezibhekelela ngokukhethekile izidingo zesitoreji ezahlukene. Sekukonke, i-Laos iveza kokubili amathuba nezinselelo zokusebenza kwempahla. Nakuba isimo sezwe esivalekile sidala inselele, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yezokuthutha kanye nokuba khona kwabahlinzeki bemisebenzi yezokuthutha kube negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kwenethiwekhi yezokuthutha eLaos. Kunconywa ukusebenzisana nozakwethu abathembekile abanolwazi lokuzulazula ku-landscape ye-logistics yasendaweni ukuze uthuthukise imisebenzi yakho ye-supply chain e-Laos.
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-Laos, izwe elivalekile eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, inikeza iziteshi ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe nemibukiso yohwebo yamabhizinisi. Esinye seziteshi ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla e-Laos yi-Lao National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LNCCI). I-LNCCI isiza abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi baxhumane nabahlinzeki bendawo kanye nabakhiqizi ngokusebenzisa izithunywa zezohwebo, imicimbi yokufanisa ibhizinisi, namathuba okuxhumana. I-LNCCI iphinde ihlele imibukiso yezohwebo kanye nemibukiso ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubambisana kwezomnotho phakathi kwamabhizinisi endawo kanye nozakwabo bomhlaba. Enye inkundla ebalulekile yokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe eLaos iVientiane Care Zone (VCZ). I-VCZ isebenza njengesizinda sokutholakala kwemikhiqizo yezolimo, izindwangu, imisebenzi yezandla, ifenisha, imithi, izinto zokwakha, nokunye. Ihlanganisa ndawonye abahlinzeki abaningi ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa ukuze kube lula ukuhwebelana kwebhizinisi okuphumelelayo. Ukwengeza, imibukiso eminingana ephawulekayo yezohwebo yenzeka eLaos ukukhombisa izimboni ezahlukahlukene nokuheha abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. I-Lao-Thai Trade Fair umcimbi waminyaka yonke ohlelwa ngokubambisana ngohulumeni bamazwe womabili. Ihlinzeka ngenkundla yezinkampani zaseThailand ukukhangisa imikhiqizo yazo kuyilapho ikhuthaza ukuhwebelana phakathi kweThailand neLaos. I-Lao Handicraft Festival ingomunye umcimbi obalulekile obonisa imisebenzi yezandla yendabuko evela ezifundeni ezahlukene zaseLaos. Lo mkhosi unikeza ukuchayeka okwanele kubadwebi bezandla baseLao abakhiqiza izindwangu zekhwalithi ephezulu, izinto zobumba, izinto eziqoshwe ngokhuni, izesekeli zesiliva, phakathi kwabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho; i-Mekong Tourism Forum (MTF) isebenza njengombuthano obalulekile wochwepheshe bemboni yezokuvakasha abasebenza emazweni ase-Greater Mekong Subregion njengeLaos. Izikhungo zezokuvakasha zamazwe ngamazwe ziba khona kule nkundla kanye nabameleli abavela emahhotela/izindawo zokungcebeleka ukuze bathole inethiwekhi futhi bahlole amathuba okusebenzisana ngaphakathi komkhakha wezokuvakasha. Ukukhuthaza ubudlelwano bezentengiselwano phakathi kwamabhizinisi aseChina-Laos; kukhona futhi Ingqungquthela Yaminyaka yonke Yokulinganisa Imikhiqizo Yezolimo yaseChina-Laos ebanjwa ngenye indlela phakathi kwezizwe zombili; ukuvumela abahwebi nhlangothi zombili ukuthi baxoxisane ngezimo ezimakethe; hlola ubudlelwano obungaba khona; ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukubambisana kwezolimo kwamazwe amabili. Sekukonke; lezi ziteshi zokuthenga ezifaka i-LNCCI; I-VCZ ehlanganiswe nemibukiso yezohwebo efana neLao-Thai Trade Fair; I-Lao Handicraft Festival, i-Mekong Tourism Forum, kanye ne-China-Laos Agricultural Products Matchmaking Conference inikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuthola imikhiqizo; sungula ukuxhumana kwebhizinisi futhi uhlole izimakethe ezingaba khona eLaos.
E-Laos, izinjini zokusesha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yilezi: 1. I-Google (https://www.google.la) - Njengomdondoshiya womhlaba ezinjinini zokusesha, i-Google isetshenziswa kakhulu futhi inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula esinemiphumela yosesho ebanzi. 2. I-Bing (https://www.bing.com) - Ithuthukiswe yi-Microsoft, i-Bing enye injini yokusesha eyaziwayo eyaziwa ngekhasi layo eliyisiqalo elibukekayo kanye nezici ezikhethekile ezifana nokusikisela kokuhamba nokuthenga. 3. Yahoo! (https://www.yahoo.com) - Yize ingagqami njengoba kwakunjalo emhlabeni jikelele, i-Yahoo! usalokhu ekhona e-Laos futhi inikeza amakhono okusesha ajwayelekile kanye nezibuyekezo zezindaba. 4. I-Baidu (https://www.baidu.la) - Idumile e-China kodwa futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu e-Laos imiphakathi ekhuluma isiShayina, i-Baidu inikeza injini yokusesha esekelwe olimini lwesiShayina kubasebenzisi abafuna ukuphequlula okuqukethwe okuqondene nesiShayina. 5. I-DuckDuckGo (https://duckduckgo.com) - Yaziwa ngendlela yayo egxile kubumfihlo, i-DuckDuckGo inikeza ukusesha okungaziwa ngaphandle kokulandelela imisebenzi yabasebenzisi noma ukugcina ulwazi lomuntu siqu. 6. I-Yandex (https://yandex.la) - Nakuba isetshenziswa kakhulu esifundeni sase-Russia, i-Yandex iphinde ifinyeleleke e-Laos futhi inikeza izici ezifanayo kwezinye izinjini zokusesha ezinkulu ngokugcizelela okukhethekile ekusesheni okuhlobene nesiRashiya. Lezi ezinye zezinjini zokusesha eziyinhloko ezivame ukusetshenziswa abantu abahlala noma abavakashela e-Laos ukuze bahlole izici ezihlukahlukene zolwazi olutholakala ku-inthanethi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi okuthandwayo kungase kwehluke phakathi kwezakhamuzi ngokusekelwe ekukhetheni komuntu siqu nokufinyeleleka ezweni.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

E-Laos, amakhasi aphuzi ayinhloko ahlanganisa: 1. I-Lao Yellow Pages: Lolu uhla lwemibhalo lwe-inthanethi oluphelele oluhlinzeka ngohlu lwamabhizinisi ahlukahlukene, izinsizakalo, nezinhlangano e-Laos. Iwebhusayithi inikeza izigaba ezifana nezindawo zokudlela, amahhotela, izikhungo zezokuvakasha, izikhungo zokuthenga, nokuningi. Iwebhusayithi https://www.laoyellowpages.com/ 2. I-LaosYP.com: Lolu hlu lwemibhalo eku-inthanethi lunikeza uhlu olubanzi lwamabhizinisi ezimbonini ezihlukene kulo lonke elaseLaos. Inikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana yezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezinjengomshwalense, amabhange, ezokwakha, ezemfundo, izikhungo zezempilo nokunye. Iwebhusayithi https://www.laosyp.com/ 3. I-Vientiane YP: Lolu hlu lwemibhalo lugxile emabhizinisini atholakala ngokukhethekile e-Vientiane—inhloko-dolobha yaseLaos. Ibala izinkampani ezehlukene ezisebenza emikhakheni efana ne-hospitality, izitolo zezitolo, abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-IT nabanye abaningi. Iwebhusayithi http://www.vientianeyp.com/ 4. I-Biz Direct Asia - I-Lao Yellow Pages: Le nkundla igxile ezinhlwini zamabhizinisi kulo lonke elase-Asia kuhlanganise neLaos. Abasebenzisi bangahlola imikhakha yemboni eyahlukene ukuze bathole isevisi edingekayo noma umkhiqizo kanye nemininingwane yokuxhumana yamabhizinisi asohlwini. Iwebhusayithi http://la.bizdirectasia.com/ 5. Uhla Lwemibhalo Lwebhizinisi Lwakwa-Expat-Laos: Luhloselwe abantu bangaphandle abahlala noma abenza ibhizinisi e-Laos noma abahlela ukuthuthela lapho; le webhusayithi ibala imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kanye namasevisi aqondene nezidingo zabokufika njengama-ejensi okuqasha izindlu noma abahlinzeki besevisi yokuthuthela kwenye indawo. Iwebhusayithi: https://expat-laos.directory/ Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izixhumanisi ezinikeziwe zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; kuyatuseka ukuthi useshe usebenzisa izinjini zokusesha uma noma imaphi kulawa mawebhusayithi engasafinyeleleki kuma-URL anikeziwe ashiwo ngenhla.

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

I-Laos, eseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, iyizwe elivaliwe emngceleni weThailand, iVietnam, iCambodia, iMyanmar neChina. Nakuba i-eCommerce iyintsha eLaos uma iqhathaniswa namazwe angomakhelwane, amapulatifomu ambalwa athole ukuthandwa futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu abantu bendawo. Nazi ezinye izinkundla ze-eCommerce eziphambili eLaos kanye namawebhusayithi abo: 1. I-Laoagmall.com: I-Laoagmall ingenye yezinkundla ezihamba phambili ze-eCommerce e-Laos. Le webhusayithi ihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo eminingi esukela kogesi kuya ezintweni zemfashini. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.laoagmall.com 2. Shoplao.net: Shoplao.net ihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo eyahlukene okuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi, izinto zasendlini, imikhiqizo yobuhle, izinto zemfashini, nokunye. Inikeza amakhasimende ithuba lokuthenga ku-inthanethi ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi esisebenziseka kalula. Iwebhusayithi http://www.shoplao.net 3. I-Laotel.com: I-Laotel yinkampani yezokuxhumana esungulwe futhi esebenza njengenkundla ye-eCommerce ehlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene njengama-smartphone, izesekeli, izinto zasendlini, nokunye okwengeziwe kuwebhusayithi yabo. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.laotel.com/ecommerce 4. I-ChampaMall: I-ChampaMall inikeza uhla olubanzi lwezimpahla ezihlanganisa amagajethi e-electronics njengama-smartphone namakhompyutha aphathekayo kanye nempahla yasendlini nezinto zemfashini zonke ezitholakalayo ukuze zithengwe ku-inthanethi ngewebhusayithi yabo. Iwebhusayithi: www.champamall.com 5.Thelaоshop（ທ່ານເຮັດແຜ່ເຄ ສ ມ）- le nkundla yasendaweni ihlinzeka abathengi ngokukhethwa okubanzi kwegrosa kusukela kumkhiqizo omusha kuya kokuyisisekelo sokudla; bahlose ukwenza lula ulwazi lokuthenga igrosa ngokuthenga ku-inthanethi. Iwebhusayithi https://www.facebook.com/thelaoshop/ Lawa amanye amapulatifomu e-eCommerce avelele atholakala eLaos lapho abathengi bengakwazi ukuphequlula futhi bathenge izimpahla ezihlukahlukene ngokunethezeka kwamakhaya abo noma amahhovisi. Qaphela ukuthi lolu lwazi lungase lushintshe futhi kuyalulekwa ukuthi uqinisekise ukutholakala nokuthembeka kwalezi zinkundla ngaphambi kokwenza noma yikuphi ukuthenga.

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

E-Laos, indawo yenkundla yezokuxhumana ingase ingabi banzi njengakwamanye amazwe, kodwa kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ezidumile abantu abazisebenzisayo ukuze baxhumane nabanye futhi babelane ngokuqukethwe. Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana eLaos kanye nama-URL ewebhusayithi yabo: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com) - I-Facebook iyinkundla yezokuxhumana esetshenziswa kakhulu eLaos. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze amaphrofayili, baxhumane nabangane nomndeni, babelane ngezibuyekezo, izithombe, namavidiyo. 2. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com) - I-Instagram iyinkundla yokwabelana ngezithombe namavidiyo ethole ukuthandwa phakathi kwamaLaotians amancane. Abasebenzisi bangalayisha izithombe noma amavidiyo amafushane anamagama-ncazo futhi bahlanganyele nabanye ngokuthandwa, ukuphawula, nemiyalezo. 3. I-TikTok (www.tiktok.com) - I-TikTok iwuhlelo lokusebenza lwevidiyo olufushane lapho abasebenzisi bengakha futhi babelane ngamavidiyo emizuzwana eyi-15 asethelwe umculo noma iziqeshana zomsindo. Ithole ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwezethameli ezincane eLaos. 4. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com) - Nakuba isizinda sayo sabasebenzisi singase singabi sikhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinkundla ezishiwo ngenhla, i-Twitter isasebenza njengendawo esebenzayo yabantu abathanda ukulandela ukubuyekezwa kwezindaba noma ukuzibandakanya ezingxoxweni ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene. 5. I-YouTube (www.youtube.com) - I-YouTube iyinkundla yokwabelana ngamavidiyo edumile lapho abasebenzisi bangabuka, bathande, baphawule ngamavidiyo athunyelwe abantu ngabanye noma izinhlangano ezivela emhlabeni wonke. 6. I-LinkedIn (ww.linkedin.com) - Nakuba ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuxhumana ezichwepheshile emhlabeni wonke okuhlanganisa ukusesha umsebenzi/izinqubo zokuqasha noma ukuthuthukisa amathuba ebhizinisi/ukuxhumana/njll., i-LinkedIn iphinde ibe khona phakathi kwezingxenye ezithile zochwepheshe baseLaotian abafuna ukusebenzisana okunjalo ngaphakathi. imboni yabo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukufinyelela kulezi zinkundla zokuxhumana kungase kwehluke kuye ngokutholakala/okuncanyelwayo kokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi ngakunye ezifundeni ezahlukene zaseLaos.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

I-Laos iyizwe elivalekile eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, elaziwa ngobuhle balo bemvelo namagugu amasiko acebile. Izwe linezinhlangano zezimboni ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezidlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuthazeni imikhakha eyahlukene. Nazi ezinye zezinhlangano eziyinhloko zezimboni eLaos, kanye namawebhusayithi azo: 1. I-Lao National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LNCCI) - https://www.lncci.org.la/ I-LNCCI iyinhlangano ehamba phambili emele izinkampani ezizimele eLaos. Ihlose ukuthuthukisa amathuba ohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali kumabhizinisi asebenza ezweni. 2. I-Lao Bankers' Association - http://www.bankers.org.la/ I-Lao Bankers' Association yengamela futhi isekela umkhakha wamabhange e-Laos, ikhuthaza ukubambisana phakathi kwamabhange, izikhungo zezezimali, namabhizinisi ahlobene. 3. Inhlangano Yezandla YaseLao (LHA) - https://lha.la/ I-LHA igxile ekukhuthazeni imisebenzi yezandla yendabuko eyenziwe ngabadwebi bendawo. Isebenzela ukulondoloza amagugu amasiko ngenkathi inikeza ukufinyelela emakethe kanye nokusekelwa kokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi kuma-artisan. 4. I-Lao Garment Industry Association (LGIA) Nakuba ulwazi oluthile lwewebhusayithi lungatholakali okwamanje, i-LGIA imele izintshisekelo zomkhakha wezingubo ngokusekela abakhiqizi, ukukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, nokusebenzisana nababambiqhaza abafanelekile. 5. I-Lao Hotel & Restaurant Association (LHRA) Nakuba isizindalwazi esisemthethweni esiqondene ngqo ne-LHRA singatholakali okwamanje, sisebenza njengenkundla yamahhotela nezindawo zokudlela ukuze sisebenzisane, sibhekane nezinselele ezivamile imboni ebhekana nazo, ihlele imicimbi/amaphromoshini ukuze ihehe izivakashi. 6. Tourism Council of Laos (TCL) - http://laostourism.org/ I-TCL inomthwalo wemfanelo wokuxhumanisa izinqubomgomo phakathi kwama-ejensi kahulumeni kanye nabaqhubi bezokuvakasha abazimele ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinqubo ezisimeme zezokuvakasha kuyilapho ithuthukisa ulwazi lwezivakashi e-Laos. 7. Izinhlangano Zokukhuthaza Ezolimo Izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zokukhuthaza ezolimo zikhona ezifundazweni noma ezifundeni ezihlukene kulo lonke elaseLaos kodwa azinawo amawebhusayithi amaphakathi noma izinkundla eziku-inthanethi ngalesi sikhathi. Bagxile ekwesekeni abalimi, ukwenza lula ukuhwebelana kwezolimo, kanye nokugqugquzela izindlela zokulima ezisimeme. Lezi zinhlangano zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukukhula nentuthuko emikhakheni yazo. Ukwengeza, babambisana eduze nohulumeni, ozakwethu bamazwe ngamazwe, nabanye ababambiqhaza ukuze baqinisekise ukusimama nokuchuma kwezimboni zaseLaos.

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

Kunamawebhusayithi ambalwa ezomnotho nezohwebo ahlobene neLaos. Nazi ezinye zazo kanye nama-URL azo ahambisanayo: 1. Umnyango Wezimboni Nezohwebo: Le webhusayithi inikeza ulwazi mayelana namathuba okutshala imali, izinqubomgomo zohwebo, imithethonqubo, nokubhaliswa kwebhizinisi e-Laos. Iwebhusayithi http://www.industry.gov.la/ 2. I-Lao National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LNCCI): I-LNCCI imele izinkampani ezizimele e-Laos futhi ikhuthaza imisebenzi yebhizinisi ngaphakathi kwezwe. Iwebhusayithi inikeza izinsiza zamabhizinisi afuna ukutshala imali noma ukuhweba eLaos. Iwebhusayithi: https://lncci.la/ 3. I-Lao PDR Trade Portal: Le sizindalwazi se-inthanethi sisebenza njengesango labahwebi bamazwe ngamazwe abathanda ukungenisa noma ukuthekelisa izimpahla ukuya/kusuka eLaos. Inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ngezinqubo zentela, amanani entengo, izimo zokufinyelela emakethe, nezibalo zohwebo. Iwebhusayithi: https://lao-pdr.org/tradeportal/en/ 4. Tshala imali ku-Lao PDR: Le webhusayithi yakhelwe ngokukhethekile abangaba abatshalizimali abafuna ukuhlola amathuba okutshala izimali emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yomnotho waseLaotia njengezolimo, izimboni, ezokuvakasha, amandla kanye nengqalasizinda. Iwebhusayithi https://invest.laopdr.gov.la/ 5. I-Secretariat ye-Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) - Isigaba se-Lao PDR: Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-ASEAN ihlanganisa nesigaba esizinikezele ku-Laos esifaka ulwazi oluhlobene nezinhlelo zokuhlanganisa umnotho emazweni ase-ASEAN. Iwebhusayithi: https://asean.org/asean/lao-pdr/ 6. I-Banks' Association of Lao PDR (BAL): I-BAL imele amabhange ezentengiselwano asebenza e-Laos futhi iqondise ukuthengiswa kwezimali ngaphakathi kwesistimu yamabhange yezwe. Iwebhusayithi (okwamanje ayitholakali): Ayisebenzi Lawa mawebhusayithi angakunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesimo somnotho saseLaos kuyilapho enikeza ulwazi olubalulekile oludingekayo ekuqhubeni ibhizinisi noma ukutshalwa kwezimali ngaphakathi kwemakethe yezwe. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukutholakala kwewebhusayithi kungahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi uqinisekise isimo sazo ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele kuzo.

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

Kunamawebhusayithi ambalwa emibuzo yedatha yokuhweba atholakalayo eLaos: 1. I-Lao PDR Trade Portal: Lena ingosi yezohwebo esemthethweni yase-Laos, ehlinzeka ngolwazi olubanzi mayelana nezibalo zokuthunyelwa kwempahla nokungenisa ezweni, izinqubo zenkambiso, imithetho yezohwebo, namathuba okutshala imali. Iwebhusayithi iphethwe uMnyango Wezimboni Nezohwebo waseLaos. Iwebhusayithi http://www.laotradeportal.gov.la/ 2. I-ASEAN Trade Statistics Database: Le webhusayithi inikeza idatha yokuhweba yawo wonke amazwe angamalungu e-Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), kuhlanganise neLaos. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezimo zokuthekelisa nokuthekelisa, ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla, abalingani bokuhweba, namazinga entela. Iwebhusayithi: https://asean.org/asean-economic-community/asean-trade-statistics-database/ 3. I-International Trade Center (ITC): I-ITC inikeza ukufinyelela kudatha yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezibalo eziqondene nezwe zamazwe ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele, kuhlanganise neLaos. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlaziye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe nokungenisa ezweni ngokusekelwe ezigabeni zemikhiqizo, abalingani bokuhweba, izitayela zemakethe, nezinkomba zokuncintisana. Iwebhusayithi http://www.trademap.org/ 4. I-United Nations COMTRADE Database: I-COMTRADE iyisizindalwazi samahhala esinakekelwa yi-United Nations Statistics Division equkethe izibalo zohwebo lwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe ezivela emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-200 emhlabeni wonke; okuhlanganisa i-Laos.Isizindalwazi sihlinzeka ngokugeleza kohwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabili anemininingwane eminingi namazwe angabambisene naye ezingeni le-HS lamadijithi angu-6 noma izimpahla ezihlanganisiwe ezingaphezulu kumazinga ahlukahlukene okuhlanganiswa kusetshenziswa amasistimu wokuhlukanisa ahlukene. Iwebhusayithi: https://comtrade.un.org/data/ Lawa mawebhusayithi ahlinzeka ngemithombo ethembekile yokufinyelela ulwazi olujulile mayelana nemisebenzi yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe ye-Laos efana nokungenisa, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, imikhiqizo edayiswayo njll.Kuyalulekwa ukuthi uvakashele lezi zinkundla ukuze uthole ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okunembile kanye nemininingwane yohwebo lwase-Laotian.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

I-Laos iyizwe elivalekile eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia elithuthukisa umnotho walo ngokushesha futhi lamukela nobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yalokho, izwe libone ukuvela kwamapulatifomu ambalwa e-B2B abhekelela izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Nazi ezinye izinkundla ze-B2B eziphawulekayo eLaos kanye namakheli abo ewebhusayithi alandelayo: 1. I-Bizlao (https://www.bizlao.com/): I-Bizlao iyinkundla ye-B2B eku-inthanethi enikezela ngohlu lwamabhizinisi, ulwazi lwemibukiso yezohwebo nemibukiso, kanye nezibuyekezo zezindaba ezihlobene nomkhakha webhizinisi waseLao. Isebenza njengohlu lwemibhalo lwamabhizinisi asebenza eLaos. 2. I-Lao Trade Portal (https://laotradeportal.gov.la/): Yethulwe uMnyango Wezimboni Nezohwebo, i-Lao Trade Portal inikeza ulwazi oluphelele mayelana nezinqubo zokuthumela ngaphandle, imithetho yenkambiso, izinqubomgomo zohwebo, namathuba emakethe e-Laos. . Isiza ukwenza lula ukuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe. 3. I-Wattanapraneet.com (https://www.wattanapraneet.com/): Le nkundla igxile ekuxhumaniseni osomabhizinisi bendawo ngaphakathi kwe-Laos ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zobambiswano lwebhizinisi njengama-joint ventures, imifelandawonye yamasu, nezivumelwano zokusabalalisa. 4. Iqembu le-Huaxin (http://www.huaxingroup.la/): Iqembu le-Huaxin ligxile ekusizeni uhwebo phakathi kwe-China ne-Laos ngokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezifana nobungcweti bokuphathwa kwe-supply chain, izixazululo ze-logistics, izinsizakalo zokufanisa phakathi kwabathengi nabathengisi abavela kuwo womabili amazwe. 5. I-Phu Bia Mining Supplier Network (http://www.phubiamarketplace.com/Suppliers.php): Le nkundla ibhekelela ngokukhethekile abahlinzeki abafuna ukuxhumana nePhu Bia Mining Company - umdlali obalulekile emkhakheni wezimayini waseLaos. 6. I-AsianProducts Uhlu Lwabahlinzeki be-Laos (https://laos.asianproducts.com/suppliers_directory/A/index.html): Imikhiqizo yase-Asia inikeza uhla lwemibhalo olubanzi lwabahlinzeki abase-Laos oluhlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene ehlanganisa ezolimo kanye nabakhiqizi bemishini yokucubungula ukudla; izingxenye zikagesi & izingxenye abahlinzeki; ifenisha, imisebenzi yezandla, nabahlinzeki bemihlobiso yasekhaya, phakathi kwabanye. Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa zamapulatifomu e-B2B eLaos. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isimo sebhizinisi sihlala sishintsha, futhi izinkundla ezintsha zingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kuyatuseka ukwenza ucwaningo olwengeziwe noma uxhumane nezinhlangano zamabhizinisi endawo ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva kakhulu lwezingxenyekazi ze-B2B e-Laos.
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