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Izimakethe Eziyinhloko
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Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elisenkabeni ye-Afrika. Ihlukaniswe yiLibya enyakatho, iSudan empumalanga, iCentral African Republic eningizimu, iCameroon neNigeria eningizimu-ntshonalanga, kanye neNiger ngasentshonalanga. Njengoba inendawo elinganiselwa ku-1.28 million square kilometers, ikleliswe njengezwe lesihlanu ngobukhulu ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Inani labantu baseChad lilinganiselwa ezigidini eziyi-16. Inhloko-dolobha nedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke yiN'Djamena. Izilimi ezisemthethweni isiFulentshi nesi-Arabhu, kuyilapho izilimi zomdabu ezingaphezu kuka-120 nazo zikhulunywa izizwe ezihlukene e-Chad. Umnotho waseChad uncike kakhulu kwezolimo, ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela, kanye nokulima imfuyo. Iningi labantu liziphilisa ngokulima, lilima izilimo ezifana namabele, amabele, ummbila, amakinati, ukotini ukuze zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Ukuhlolwa kukawoyela kulethe imali enkulu eChad; nokho ukungalingani kwezomnotho kuseyinselelo namazinga aphezulu obumpofu. I-Chad inamagugu amasiko ahlukene ngenxa yezinhlanga zayo eziningi ezihlanganisa amaSara-Bagirmians ukuba ngenkulu kunazo zonke elandelwa ama-Arab Chad nabanye abafana noKanembu/Kanuri/Bornu, Mboum, Maba, Masalit, Teda, Zaghawa, Acholi, Kotoko, Bedouin, Fulbe - IsiFula, isiFang, nokunye okuningi.Isiko laseChad lihlanganisa umculo wesintu, umdanso, imikhosi, izindawo zomlando, njengeMeroë idolobha lasendulo elamenyezelwa njengeNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO.Amasiko e-Artisan ahlanganisa izitsha zobumba, ukuluka ubhasikidi, ukwenza izindwangu okukhethekile, kanye nesiliva- i-smithing yengeza ubuhle emisebenzini yezandla yase-Chad.Ukwehlukahlukana okubanzi kwe-Chad kukhombisa ubumnandi bokupheka ezindaweni zonkana ngezidlo ezidumile ezifana nephalishi lamabele,"dégué" (ubisi olumuncu), isitshulu senkukhu noma senyama yenkomo, i-midji Bouzou (isitsha senhlanzi), kanye nesoso yamantongomane ethakazelelwa kakhulu. Naphezu kwamagugu alo anothile, izwe liye labhekana nezinselele ezihlanganisa ukungazinzi kwezombusazwe, izingxabano, kanye nesomiso esivamile. Izinkinga zokuphepha eziqhubekayo ezivezwa yiBoko Haram esifundeni iLake Chad ziphazamise uzinzo futhi zasusa abantu abaningi ezindaweni zabo. U-Chad uyilungu lezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ezihlukene ezihlanganisa iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, i-African Union, kanye ne-Organization of Islamic Cooperation. Izwe lizama ukubhekana nezinselelo zalo zentuthuko ngokusebenzisana nezinhlaka zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nobudlelwano bobunxusa namanye amazwe. Kafushane, i-Chad iyizwe elivalekile enkabeni ye-Afrika elaziwa ngokuhlukahlukana okukhulu kwezinhlanga, umnotho oncike kwezolimo, amagugu ahlukahlukene amasiko, kanye nezinselelo eziqhubekayo njengokungazinzi kwezepolitiki kanye nokulwa nobubha.
Imali Yezwe
Isimo semali e-Chad siyajabulisa impela. Imali esemthethweni yase-Chad yi-Central African CFA franc, esetshenziswe kusukela ngo-1945. Isifinyezo sayo sithi XAF, futhi isetshenziswa nakwamanye amazwe amaningana e-Afrika Emaphakathi. I-CFA franc iyimali ekhonjwe ku-euro, okusho ukuthi izinga layo lokushintshaniswa ne-euro lihlala lizinzile. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhweba okulula nokuthengiselana ngezezimali namazwe asebenzisa i-euro njengohlobo lwemali yawo. Nokho, naphezu kokuzinza kwayo, kube nokukhathazeka mayelana nenani le-CFA franc kanye nomthelela wayo emnothweni waseChad. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi ukuboshelwa emalini enkulu yomhlaba wonke kunciphisa ukuzimela kwezomnotho futhi kuphazamisa imizamo yentuthuko yendawo. I-Chad ibhekene nezinselelo ezithile mayelana nesimo sayo semali. Umnotho wayo uthembele kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kukawoyela nasekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, okwenza kube sengozini yokuguquguquka kwentengo kawoyela ezimakethe zomhlaba. Lokhu kuba sengcupheni kuguqula isimo semali yezwe futhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kube nezinkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana nokuthi i-Chad kufanele yini iqhubeke nokusebenzisa i-CFA franc noma yamukele uhlelo lwemali oluhlukile oluhambisana kangcono nezidingo nezinjongo zayo ezithile njengezwe. Kafushane, i-Chad isebenzisa i-CFA franc yase-Afrika Emaphakathi njengohlobo lwemali olusemthethweni. Nakuba lokhu kunikeza uzinzo ngenxa yokuxhunyaniswa ne-euro, kunezingxoxo eziqhubekayo mayelana nezinguquko ezingase zibe khona noma ezinye izindlela uma kubhekwa ukuncika kweChad ekuthunyelweni kukawoyela kwamanye amazwe kanye nokukhathazeka ngokuzibusa kwezomnotho.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Imali esemthethweni yase-Chad yi-Central African CFA franc (XAF). Ngokuqondene namazinga okushintshanisa imali ezimalini ezinkulu zomhlaba, nanka amanani okulinganisa: I-1 USD = 570 XAF I-EUR eyi-1 = 655 FCF 1 GBP = 755 XAF I-JPY engu-1 = 5.2 XAF Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lezi zilinganiso zokushintshisana zingahluka kancane kuye ngezimo zemakethe.
Amaholide Abalulekile
I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe e-Afrika Emaphakathi eligubha imikhosi eminingana ebalulekile unyaka wonke. Le mikhosi inikeza ukuqonda okuhle ngamagugu namasiko abantu baseChad. Omunye wemikhosi ebaluleke kakhulu e-Chad uSuku Lokuzimela, olugujwa ngo-Agasti 11. Leli holide likazwelonke likhumbula inkululeko ye-Chad ngaphansi kweFrance, eyakuthola ngo-1960. Ngalolu suku, kuhlelwa imicimbi nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene ezweni lonke, okuhlanganisa ama-parade, amakhonsathi omculo, imidanso yesintu, nemibukiso yeziqhumane. Yisikhathi lapho abantu baseChad behlangana khona ukuze bahloniphe ubukhosi babo futhi bacabange ngenqubekelaphambili yesizwe sabo. Omunye umkhosi ophawulekayo ogujwa e-Chad yi-Eid al-Fitr noma i-Tabaski. Njengezwe eligcwele amaSulumane, abantu baseChad bajoyina amaSulumane emhlabeni wonke ukuze bagubhe la maholide enkolo ekupheleni kweRamadan unyaka ngamunye. Ngesikhathi se-Eid al-Fitr, imindeni iyahlangana ukuze iphule inzilo yayo ndawonye ngemva kwenyanga yokuzila. Abantu bagqoka izingubo ezintsha futhi bavakashele ama-mosque ukuze benze imikhuleko ekhethekile elandelwa amadili anokudla kwesintu okufana nenyama yemvu noma yenkomo. I-Mboro Festival ingomunye umgubho wamaholide ohlukile esizweni sase-Chad sasempumalanga. Obanjwa minyaka yonke ngesikhathi sokuvuna (phakathi kuka-February no-April), uzwakalisa ukubonga ngezilimo eziyinala kuyilapho uthandazela ukuchuma nempumelelo yesikhathi esizayo kwezolimo. Lo mkhosi uhlanganisa udwendwe olumibalabala olunabahlanganyeli abagqoke izifihla-buso eziyinkimbinkimbi ezenziwe ngokhuni noma ngotshani ezimelela imimoya ehlukahlukene okukholelwa ukuthi ivikela izitshalo ezinambuzaneni noma esimweni sezulu esingesihle. Okokugcina, Iviki Lomhlaba Wonke Lezamasiko i-N'Djamena liheha abantu bendawo kanye nezivakashi ngokufanayo kusukela phakathi no-Julayi minyaka yonke kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo ngo-1976. Lo mcimbi othakazelisayo ubonisa isiko lamaChad ngamakhonsathi omculo aqukethe izinsimbi zomdabu ezifana nama-balafon (izinsimbi ezifana nexylophone) kanye imidanso ekhombisa izitayela ezahlukene zezinhlanga ezahlukene. Le mikhosi ebalulekile igqamisa izici ezihlukene zobuciko bendabuko obucebile base-Chad kuyilapho ikhuthaza ubunye phakathi kwabantu bayo abahlukahlukene. Azigcini nje ngokunikeza ukuzijabulisa kodwa futhi zisebenza njengethuba lokufunda okwengeziwe ngalesi sizwe esithakazelisayo nabantu baso.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Afrika Emaphakathi. Njengesizwe elisathuthuka, umnotho walo uthembele kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kukawoyela nasekuthumeleni amazwe angaphandle. Nokho, izwe libhekene nezinselelo ezahlukene mayelana nezohwebo. Eminyakeni yakamuva, umkhakha we-Chad othumela kwamanye amazwe ubulokhu ubuswa yimikhiqizo kaphethiloli. Uwoyela wenza ingxenye enkulu yemali engenayo yezwe ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, okulenza lincike kakhulu kulo mthombo wemvelo. Ozakwethu abakhulu be-Chad ngowoyela yi-China, India, kanye ne-United States. Ngaphandle kukawoyela, iChad iphinde ithumele kwamanye amazwe ezinye izinto ezinjengokotini nemfuyo. Ukotini uyisitshalo esibalulekile sokwenza imali ezweni futhi unegalelo emkhakheni walo wezolimo. Nokho, ngenxa yengqalasizinda elinganiselwe kanye nezinsiza ekucubunguleni ukotini endaweni, i-Chad ivamise ukudayisa ukotini ongahluziwe emazweni angomakhelwane njengeCameroon noma iwuthumele phesheya ngokuqondile. Ngasohlangothini lokungenisa, i-Chad ithembele kakhulu ezimpahleni ezifana nemishini, izimoto, imikhiqizo kaphethiloli, ukudla (okuhlanganisa nelayisi), imithi kanye nezindwangu. Lezi zimpahla ezithengwa kwamanye amazwe zisiza ekusimamiseni imikhakha ehlukene yezomnotho kodwa futhi zidale ukushoda okukhulu kwezohwebo. Izinselelo ezibhekene nokuhwebelana kwe-Chad zihlanganisa ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha enganele ngenxa yesimo sayo sokuvaleka komhlabathi. Lokhu kunciphisa ukufinyelela ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe futhi kwenyusa izindleko zokuthutha ezimpahleni ezingenisiwe nezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukwengeza, izimboni ezingathuthukisiwe ngaphakathi kwe-Chad ziholela ekuthembeleni kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwezimpahla eziyisisekelo ezithengwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka kwamanani kawoyela womhlaba kunomthelela emalini etholwayo yokuhwebelana yaseChad njengoba ithembele kakhulu emalini etholwa yile mpahla yokuthekelisa. Sengiphetha, isimo sezohwebo se-chad sithonywa kakhulu ukuthembela ekuthengisweni kwe-petroleum ngaphandle kokuhlukahluka okulinganiselwe kweminye imikhakha ebeka ubungozi obungase bube khona. Ngokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda, ukusekela izimboni zendawo, nokuthuthukisa imikhakha engahlobene nowoyela njengezolimo, izwe lingaphokophela ekuthuthukiseni jikelele. ukusimama kwezohwebo
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
I-Chad, izwe elivalekile elise-Afrika Emaphakathi, linamandla amakhulu angakasetshenziswa ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe. Naphezu kwezinselelo ezihlukahlukene, njengengqalasizinda elinganiselwe kanye nomnotho wezolimo ngokuyinhloko, uhulumeni wase-Chad ubelokhu ekhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe futhi ekhuthaza ukuhlukahluka komnotho. Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinomthelela emakethe yezohwebo yase-Chad ukuchichima kwemithombo yemvelo. Izwe libusiswe ngezinqolobane eziningi zikawoyela, okwenza ingxenye enkulu yemali eliyitholayo emazweni angaphandle. Le ngcebo yezinsiza idala amathuba ezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ukuthi zihlanganyele ekuhloleni uphethiloli, ukukhiqiza, kanye nezinsiza ezihlobene. Ngaphezu kukawoyela, iChad inezinye izinsiza zemvelo ezibalulekile njenge-uranium negolide. Ukuhlolwa nokuxhashazwa kwalezi zimbiwa kunikeza amathuba amafemu angaphandle afuna amathuba okutshala izimali emikhakheni yezimayini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo ye-Chad iyinikeza ukufinyelela ezimakethe zesifunda eziningi ngaphakathi kwe-Afrika Emaphakathi. Ihlanganyela imingcele namazwe ayisithupha okuhlanganisa iNigeria neCameroon - womabili abadlali abakhulu kwezohwebo lwesifunda. Lokhu kusondela kwethula amathuba obudlelwano bokuhwebelana kwemingcele okuhloswe ngayo ukukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho. Nakuba isimo samanje sengqalasizinda sidala izinselele ekuthuthukisweni kwezimakethe e-Chad, uhulumeni ubelokhu esebenzela ukuthuthukisa ukuxhunywa kwezokuthutha ngokutshala imali eningi ezinhlelweni zokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo. Ukuthuthukisa amanethiwekhi ezokuthutha ngeke kusize nje kuphela uhwebo lwasekhaya kodwa futhi kuzoqinisa izixhumanisi zokuhwebelana namazwe ngamazwe ngokwakha amaphaseji asebenzayo phakathi kwamazwe avalelwe amazwe afana neNiger noma iSudan. Umkhakha wezolimo nawo unamandla athembisayo otshalomali lwangaphandle kanye nokukhula kwezohwebo e-Chad. Njengoba kunezindawo ezivundile eduze komfula i-Chari ezisekela imisebenzi yezolimo, akhona amathuba kumabhizinisi ezolimo afuna ukukhuliswa abe yimikhakha yokulima noma yokulima imfuyo. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuvuma ukuthi naphezu kwamandla ayo amakhulu, kunezithiyo okudingeka zixazululwe ngaphambi kokuba amathuba emakethe angaphandle e-Chad afezeke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izindaba ezinjengokukhathazeka kozinzo kwezombusazwe phakathi kwezingxabano eziqhubekayo phakathi kwezifunda ezingomakhelwane noma izithiyo zokulawula ngaphakathi kwendawo yebhizinisi. Sengiphetha, i-chad inamagama abalulekile angahloliwe uma inganqoba izinselele ezifana nokushoda kwengqalasizinda, ukungazinzi kwezombusazwe, izwe elisenkabeni ye-Afrika lingavela njengendawo enenzuzo enkulu yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nethuba elikhangayo lezinkampani zangaphandle ukuhlola ibhizinisi elisha. amabhizinisiIndlela eyahlukene yokuthuthukisa izimakethe, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni efana nezimayini, ezolimo, kanye nokuhlolwa kukawoyela, ingavulela i-Chad iminyango yokusebenzisa amandla ayo omnotho.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo edayiswa kakhulu yemakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle e-Chad, izici ezimbalwa okufanele zibhekwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isidingo semakethe, ukufinyeleleka, ukubaluleka kwamasiko, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ngokuhlaziya lezi zici, umuntu anganquma ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo enethuba eliphezulu lokuphumelela kule makethe. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda isidingo semakethe e-Chad. Ukucwaninga okuthandwa ngabathengi kanye nezidingo kungasiza ukukhomba izindawo ezingase zibe khona noma izindawo lapho imikhiqizo ethile idingeka kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kucatshangelwa isimo sezulu saseChad nendlela yokuphila, izinto ezifana nezinto ezisebenza ngelanga noma izinto zezolimo zingase zibe izinto ezithandwayo. Ukukwazi ukuthenga ngesinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo yemakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle. Imikhiqizo ethengekayo iningi labathengi izoba nethuba eliphezulu lokuphumelela. Ukuphenya amathrendi entengo nokuhlola ukunikezwa okuncintisanayo kuzosiza ukunquma ububanzi bentengo obufanele bezinto ezikhethiwe. Ukuhambisana kwamasiko nakho kubalulekile lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo yemakethe yase-Chad. Ukuqonda amasiko endawo, amasiko, kanye nezintandokazi kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi avumelane neminikelo yawo ngokufanele. Ukutshala isikhathi ekucwaningeni isiko laseChad kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinto ezikhethiwe zithinta abathengi ngokwezinga lomzwelo. Okokugcina, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni impumelelo kunoma iyiphi imakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle. Kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ukunikeza izimpahla zekhwalithi ephezulu njengoba lokhu kukhuthaza ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende nokwethembeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sengiphetha, lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo edayiswa kakhulu yemakethe yezohwebo yangaphandle yase-Chad: 1) Yenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngesidingo semakethe. 2) Cabangela ukufinyeleleka ngokuqonda amathrendi entengo. 3) Faka ukuhambisana kwamasiko ngokulungisa iminikelo kumasiko endawo. 4) Beka kuqala ukunikela ngezimpahla zekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngokulandela lezi ziqondiso, amabhizinisi angakhuphula amathuba awo okuthengisa ngempumelelo izinto ezikhethiwe emakethe yezohwebo yangaphandle yase-Chad.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Afrika Emaphakathi. Njenganoma yiliphi izwe, inezici zayo zamakhasimende ezihlukile kanye nama-taboos. E-Chad, amakhasimende ayabazisa ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu nokuxhumana. Ukwakha ubuhlobo namaklayenti kubalulekile ekusebenzelaneni kwebhizinisi okuphumelelayo. Kuvamile ukuthi amakhasimende alindele izinga lokujwayelana nobungane ngesikhathi sokuthenga, ngakho ukuthatha isikhathi sokusungula uxhumano lomuntu siqu kungase kuhambe ibanga elide ekuzuzeni ukwethenjwa nokwethembeka kwabo. Ukuhlonipha abadala kanye neziphathimandla kuthathwa kakhulu esikweni laseChad. Amakhasimende avame ukunaka kakhulu indlela aphathwa ngayo abahlinzeki besevisi noma abathengisi. Inhlonipho nenhlonipho lapho usebenzisana namakhasimende amadala noma labo abasezikhundleni kuyizici ezibalulekile zenkonzo yamakhasimende. Esinye isici esibalulekile samakhasimende ase-Chad ukukhetha kwawo ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso. Bayakwazisa ukuxhumana okuqondile kunokuthembela kuphela kuma-imeyili noma izingcingo. Ukuthatha isikhathi sokuba nemihlangano yomuntu mathupha noma ukuvakasha ukuze kuxoxwe ngezindaba zebhizinisi kungathuthukisa kakhulu ubudlelwano phakathi kwamabhizinisi namaklayenti awo. Uma kukhulunywa ngama-taboos, kubalulekile ukunaka imikhuba yamasiko kanye nokuzwela ngenkathi wenza ibhizinisi e-Chad. Gwema ukuxoxa ngezihloko ezibucayi njengepolitiki, inkolo, ukuhlukana kwezinhlanga, nanoma yiziphi izindaba eziyingxabano ezingase zidale ukucasula noma ukungakhululeki phakathi kwamakhasimende. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcina isikhathi kuyaziswa esikweni lebhizinisi laseChad. Ukufika sekwephuzile ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo kungase kube nomthelela omubi ebudlelwaneni bakho namakhasimende njengoba kungase kubonakale njengokungahloniphi isikhathi sawo. Okokugcina, ukukhombisa ukuhlonipha amasiko namasiko kuzoba nomthelela omuhle ekusebenzisaneni kwakho namakhasimende ase-Chad. Ukuqonda izimiso zokuziphatha eziyisisekelo njengokubingelela abantu ngendlela efanele (usebenzisa elithi "Bonjour" elilandelwa elithi "Monsieur/Madame" lapho uhlangana nothile), ukubonisa amakhodi okugqoka afanelekile (izingubo ezihlelekile ezilandelanayo), kanye nokuqaphela amasiko endawo kuzobonisa inhlonipho yakho ngesiko lendawo. Sengiphetha, ukuqonda izici zekhasimende ezisekelwe emizamweni yokwakha ubudlelwano, izindinganiso zamasiko ezifana nokuhlonipha abadala/iziphathimandla/ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso, kanye nokubheka izinto ezingamukeleki njengokugwema izihloko ezibucayi nokubonisa ukugcina isikhathi yizici ezibalulekile ekusebenzelaneni kwebhizinisi okuphumelelayo Amakhasimende aseChadian.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
I-Customs Management System kanye namanothi e-Chad I-Chad, izwe elivalekile elise-Afrika Emaphakathi, linohlelo olusungulwe kahle lokuphatha impahla ukuze lilawule ukuhamba kwezimpahla kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho nemithetho kazwelonke. Lapho ungena noma uphuma e-Chad, kunamaphuzu amaningana aphawulekayo mayelana nezinqubo zamasiko okufanele izivakashi ziwazi. 1. Amadokhumenti: Izivakashi kufanele ziphathe izincwadi zokuhamba ezibalulekile njengepasipoti esemthethweni esele okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukwengeza, abahambi bangase badinge ama-visa aqondene nobuzwe babo noma injongo yokuvakasha. Kutuswa ukuhlola izidingo kusengaphambili. 2. Izinto Ezikhawulelwe: Izinto ezithile zinqatshelwe noma zivinjelwe ukungeniswa e-Chad ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha noma imithetho kazwelonke. Izibonelo zifaka izibhamu, izidakamizwa, imikhiqizo yomgunyathi, imikhiqizo yezilwane zasendle evikelwe izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe (njengamazinyo endlovu), nezinto zobuciko ezibalulekile ngokwesiko. 3. Imithetho Yezimali: Abahambi kufanele bamemezele inani elingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-5 zama-CFA franc (noma elilingana nalo) lapho bengena e-Chad noma bephuma kuyo. 4. Isimemezelo Sempahla: Ifomu elinemininingwane yesimemezelo sezimpahla lidinga ukugcwaliswa ngesikhathi ungena e-Chad uma uphethe noma yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile ezifana nogesi noma ubucwebe ukuze zisetshenziswe okwesikhashana noma izinjongo zohwebo. 5. Inqubo Yokuhlola Nokukhuculula: Lapho befika ezikhumulweni zokungena (ezikhumulweni zezindiza/emingceleni yezwe), imithwalo yabagibeli ingase ihlolwe njalo ngamaphoyisa ahlola impahla ephumayo okuhloswe ngayo ukuvimbela imisebenzi yokushushumbiswa kanye nokuphoqelela ukukhokhwa okufanele kwemisebenzi. 6. Inkokhelo Yesibopho: Izindleko zokungenisa ezweni zithweswa iziqu ezimpahleni ezithile ezilethwa e-Chad ngokusekelwe emvelweni yazo kanye nenani ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zokuhlukaniswa Kwekhodi Evumelanayo Yesistimu esetshenziswa yi-World Customs Organization (WCO). Izindleko zentela ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo nenani lezimpahla ezingeniswayo. 7. Ukungeniswa Kwempahla Kwesikhashana: Izivakashi ezifika nezimpahla okwesikhashana ukuze zisetshenziswe zomuntu siqu ngesikhathi zisahleli e-Chad zingathola izimvume zokungenisa ezweni zesikhashana lapho zethula amadokhumenti adingekayo asekelayo njengama-invoyisi afakazela ubunikazi ngaphambi kokufika e-Chad. 8.Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Okuvinjelwe: Ngokufanayo, izinto ezithile angeke zikhishwe ezindaweni zase-Chad, ezifana nezinto zobuciko zamasiko nezomlando ezibaluleke kakhulu ezweni. 9. Imikhiqizo Yezolimo: Ukuze kuvinjwe ukusabalala kwezinambuzane noma izifo, izivakashi zelulekwa ukuba zimemezele noma yimiphi imikhiqizo yezolimo okungenzeka ziyiphethe lapho zingena e-Chad. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungase kuphumele ekujezisweni. 10. Ukusebenzisana Nezikhulu Zentela: Izivakashi kufanele zibambisane ngokugcwele nezikhulu zezokuthutha futhi zilandele imiyalelo yazo phakathi nenqubo yokukhipha imvume. Noma imuphi umzamo wokufumbathisa noma wokubonisa ukungayinaki imithetho ingase ibe nemiphumela engokomthetho. Kubalulekile ukuthi abahambi bazijwayeze nalezi zinqubo zokuphathwa kwempahla nemihlahlandlela ngaphambi kokuya e-Chad, okuvumela inqubo yokungena noma yokuphuma ebushelelezi kuyilapho benamathela emithethweni naseziqondisweni zendawo.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
Inqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa yase-Chad, izwe elise-Central Africa, ingafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo. I-Chad inohlelo lwentela yokungenisa elizweni oluyinkimbinkimbi uma kuqhathaniswa oluhlose ukuvikela izimboni zasekhaya futhi lungenisele uhulumeni imali. Izwe libeka kokubili imisebenzi ethize kanye neyokukhangisa ngempahla ehlukahlukene evela kwamanye amazwe. Izibopho ezithile amanani angashintshi akhokhiswa ngeyunithi ngayinye yesilinganiso, njengesisindo noma ivolumu, kuyilapho imisebenzi ye-ad valorem ibalwa njengephesenti yenani lempahla. Amazinga entela yokungenisa ezweni ayahluka kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo olethwa ezweni. Izimpahla eziyisisekelo ezifana nokudla okuyisisekelo, imithi, nezinto ezisetshenziswayo zezolimo ngokuvamile ziheha amanani aphansi noma aziro ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufinyeleleka kwazo nokutholakala kwazo kubathengi baseChad. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto zikanokusho ezifana nezinto zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu noma izimoto ngokuvamile zibhekana namazinga entela aphezulu ukuze zingavumeli ukusetshenziswa kwazo futhi zisekele ezinye izindlela zendawo. I-Chad iphinda isebenzise izinkokhelo ezengeziwe ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe ngezinkokhelo zokulawula nezintela zenani elingeziwe (VAT). Lezi zimali zifaka isandla emalini yentela iyonke kuyilapho zihlose ukukhuthaza ukuncintisana okufanelekile phakathi kwabakhiqizi bendawo futhi kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi ngezinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-Chad iyingxenye yezivumelwano zokuhwebelana zesifunda ezithile ezifana ne-Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) noma izimbiwa zezomnotho zesifunda ezifana ne-CEMAC (Central African Economic and Monetary Community). Lezi zivumelwano zingase zibe nomthelela ezintela zokungenisa impahla ngokunikeza impatho ekhethekile noma amanani entengo ancishisiwe emazweni angamalungu. Sekukonke, inqubomgomo yentela yokuthenga kwamanye amazwe yase-Chad imele umzamo kahulumeni wokulinganisa phakathi kwezinhloso zokuthuthukisa ezohwebo nezidingo zokukhiqiza imali kuyilapho uvikela izimboni zasekhaya ekuqhudelaneni ngokungafanele.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
I-Chad, izwe elivalekile e-Afrika Emaphakathi, isebenzise izinqubomgomo zentela ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuze ilawule ukuhwebelana kwezimpahla zayo. Lezi zinqubomgomo zihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezomnotho kanye nokukhuthaza izimboni zasekhaya. Esinye sezinyathelo ezibalulekile zentela yokuthekelisa ye-Chad ukuphoqelelwa kwentela yempahla ethengiswayo emikhiqizweni ethile. Le misebenzi isetshenziswa ezimpahleni eziphuma emingceleni yezwe futhi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Imikhiqizo efana nowoyela ongahluziwe, okungenye yezinto ezinkulu ezithunyelwa ngaphandle e-Chad, ingase ihehe intela yentela ephakeme uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izimpahla. Ukwengeza, i-Chad iphinde yethula izintela ezithile zokuthekelisa ezimpahleni ezithile. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yezolimo njengokotini noma imfuyo ingase ibe ngaphansi kwentela eyengeziwe lapho ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Le nqubomgomo yentela ihlose ukukhuthaza ukucutshungulwa kwe-value-added kanye nokunqanda ukuthunyelwa kwezinsiza ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa kwenani lendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Chad iphoqelela izintela ezihlobene nezokuthutha kanye nempahla yezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Njengezwe elivaliwe elithembele kakhulu kumachweba wamazwe angomakhelwane ukufinyelela kwezohwebo, libeka izinkokhelo ezifana nezimali zokuhamba noma ama-tolls okuthutha izinto eziwela imingcele yawo ngezinjongo zokuthekelisa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zinqubomgomo zentela zingahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokwemithetho kahulumeni kanye nezimo zomnotho ezithuthukayo. Ngakho-ke, abathumeli bangaphandle kufanele bahlale benolwazi lwakamuva ngokuthintana nemithombo esemthethweni kahulumeni noma abeluleki abangochwepheshe ngaphambi kokwenza uhwebo oluwela imingcele ne-Chad. Sengiphetha, i-Chad isebenzisa intela yempahla, izintela ezithile ezimpahleni ezifana nemikhiqizo yezolimo, kanye nezintela ezihlobene nezokuthutha ezintweni ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Lezi zinyathelo zihlose ukuphatha ukuhwebelana kwangaphandle ngempumelelo kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho okusimeme ezweni ngenkathi kugqugquzelwa ukwengezwa kwenani emikhakheni ebalulekile efana nezolimo kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinsiza.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Afrika Emaphakathi. Ngemithombo yayo yemvelo ehlukahlukene namandla, i-Chad inezitifiketi ezimbalwa zokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze iqinisekise ikhwalithi nobuqiniso bokuthunyelwa kwayo kwamanye amazwe. Esinye sezitifiketi ezibalulekile zokuthumela e-Chad Isitifiketi Somsuka. Lo mbhalo usebenza njengobufakazi bokuthi izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zisuka e-Chad zakhiqizwa, zakhiqizwa, noma zacutshungulwa ezweni. Isitifiketi Somsuka siphinde siqinisekise ukuthi izimpahla zihlangabezana nemibandela ethile efana nezimfuneko zokuqukethwe kwendawo, ukungezwa kwevelu, nokuthobelana nemithethonqubo esebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwesitifiketi Somsuka, i-Chad iphinde ibe nezitifiketi ezithile zokuthekelisa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yezolimo kufanele ihambisane nezindinganiso ze-phytosanitary ezibekwe izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). Isitifiketi se-IPPC siqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo efana nezithelo, imifino, nokusanhlamvu ayinazo izinambuzane nezifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni kawoyela yase-Chad idinga Imvume Yokuthekelisa Kawoyela ongahluziwe noma imikhiqizo kawoyela. Le mvume iqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuhwebelana yamazwe ngamazwe ehlobene nemithombo yamandla. Ngokuthola lesi sitifiketi, abathumeli bakawoyela baseChad baqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwabo kulandela izinqubo ezifanele futhi kusemthethweni. I-Chad iphinde ibeke phambili intuthuko esimeme ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezinomthwalo wemfanelo zezemvelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izitifiketi ezithile zokuthekelisa zigxile ezimpahleni ezivumelana nemvelo njengezingodo ezitholakala ngokusimeme noma izindwangu ezilungele imvelo ezenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo ezifana nokotini noma uqalo. Sekukonke, lezi zitifiketi ezihlukahlukene zokuthunyelwa kwempahla zigqamisa ukuzibophezela kwe-Chad ekuphakamiseni amazinga aphezulu ekuthumeleni kwayo ngaphandle kuyilapho iqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuhwebelana yamazwe ngamazwe. Lezi zinyathelo azifaki isandla kuphela ekugcineni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kodwa futhi zikhuthaza ukubeka izinto obala nokwethembana phakathi kwabathumeli bangaphandle base-Chad kanye nabalingani babo bokuhweba emhlabeni wonke.
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elisenkabeni ye-Afrika, elethula izinselele eziyingqayizivele kwezokuthutha nezokuthutha. Kodwa-ke, kunezinketho ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo zezinsizakalo zezokuthutha ezisebenza kahle nezithembekile ezweni. Omunye wabahlinzeki bezokuthutha abanconywa kakhulu e-Chad yi-DHL. Ngenethiwekhi yabo ebanzi nolwazi esifundeni, i-DHL inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinsizakalo ezihlanganisa indawo yokugcina impahla, imvume yempahla, ukuthuthwa kwempahla, kanye nokulethwa kwempahla. Ubuchwepheshe babo bomhlaba wonke buqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokudiliva okufika ngesikhathi. Enye inkampani yezokuthutha ehlonishwayo esebenza e-Chad iMaersk. Yaziwa ngobungcweti bayo ekuthumeleni izitsha nezisombululo ezididiyelwe ze-supply chain, i-Maersk inikeza ukusekelwa kokugcina kuya ekupheleni okuhlanganisa ukuthutha olwandle, ukuthutha ngendiza, ezokuthutha eziya phakathi nezwe, ukugunyazwa kwezimpahla kanye nezisombululo zemboni ezikhethekile ezifana nempahla ebolayo noma ukuphatha iphrojekthi. Ezinkampanini ezifuna izixazululo zendawo ngaphakathi kwe-Chad ngokwayo, i-Socotrans Group inconywa kakhulu. Ngesipiliyoni seminyaka esebenza ngaphakathi kwendawo yezwe eyinselele kanye nemvelo yokulawula; bahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezihambisanayo ezifana nezokuthutha emgwaqeni (okuhlanganisa ezokuthutha ezilawulwa izinga lokushisa), indawo yokugcina impahla/ yokugcina impahla kanye nokuhlanza nokudlulisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba ngokushesha kwezimpahla kulo lonke elase-Chad. Ukwengeza ebukhoneni balezi zinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe; umuntu angakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa isevisi yeposi yendawo ehlinzekwa yi-La Poste Tchadienne (Chadian Post). Nakuba igxile kakhulu ekulethweni kweposi lasekhaya; baphinde banikeze isevisi yeposi esheshayo yamazwe ngamazwe ngokusebenzisana nezinkampani ezinkulu ze-courier ezifana ne-EMS noma i-TNT. Njengenjwayelo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimuphi umhlinzeki wezokusebenza omkhethayo kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezifana nezakhiwo zamanani nokuba sobala eduze kwamakhono okulandelela/ukulandelela njll., ngaphambi kokuphothula noma imaphi amadili. Ngaphezu kwalokho; njengoba ukushisa okungabekezeleleki kwenzeka phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo umuntu kufanele aqinisekise ngokuqondile ukuthi izimpahla ezibucayi zidinga ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokuthutha; ikakhulukazi uma ama-assortments avamile sintula lesi sici ngokuzenzakalelayo
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Afrika Emaphakathi. Nakuba ibhekene nezinselelo eziningi zentuthuko, isiphenduke indawo ekhangayo kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe futhi yenze imizamo yokusungula imigudu ebalulekile yentuthuko nemibukiso yezohwebo. Esinye seziteshi ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe e-Chad yi-International Trade Center (ITC). I-ITC ibisebenzisana eduze ne-Chad ukuze ithuthukise umthamo wayo wokuthekelisa ngokuhlinzeka ngoqeqesho, ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nocwaningo lwemakethe. Ngohlelo lwe-ITC Lokuphathwa Kwekhwalithi Yokuthumela, abakhiqizi base-Chad bathole ulwazi olubalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni namazinga omhlaba kanye nokufinyelela ezimakethe zomhlaba. Ngaphezu kwe-ITC, i-Chad iphinde ihlomule ezinhlanganweni ezihlukene zokuhweba zezifunda ezifana ne-Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) kanye ne-Central African Economic Monetary Community (CEMAC). Lezi zinhlangano zibe negalelo ekuthuthukiseni ukuhwebelana kwangaphakathi kwesifunda ngezinhlelo ezinjengokuqeda imigoqo yokuhweba, ukukhuthaza amathuba okutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nokukhuthaza ukubambisana kwezomnotho phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu. I-Chad futhi isingatha imibukiso yezohwebo yaminyaka yonke yamazwe ngamazwe eheha abathengi abaqavile abavela emhlabeni wonke. Umcimbi owodwa ophawulekayo yi-"FIA - Salon International de l'Industrie Tchadienne" (I-International Trade Fair ye-Chadian Industry), esebenza njengenkundla yokubonisa amandla emboni yase-Chad. Ihlanganisa ndawonye abakhiqizi basekhaya, abangenisa impahla ngaphandle/abathumela kwamanye amazwe, abatshalizimali, kanye nababambiqhaza ababalulekile emikhakheni efana nezolimo, ezezimayini, ezamandla, nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda. Omunye umbukiso wezohwebo obalulekile obanjelwe e-Chad yi-"SALITEX" (Salon de l'Industrie Textile et Habillement du Tchad), egxile kakhulu ezimbonini zendwangu nezingubo. Lo mcimbi uhlinzeka ngethuba kubakhiqizi bendwangu baseChad ukuthi baxhumane nabathengi abafuna izindwangu zekhwalithi nemikhiqizo yezingubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "i-AGRIHUB Salon International l'Agriculture et de l'Elevage au Tchad" igxile emikhiqizweni yezolimo nemikhakha yemfuyo lapho abadlali besifunda kanye nabangenisa kwamanye amazwe behlanganyela ekuhloleni amathuba ebhizinisi ahlobene nokulima nokufuywa kwezilwane. Ngaphandle kwale mibukiso yezohwebo yaminyaka yonke, i-Chad iphinde ihlomule ngokuxhumana nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-World Trade Organization (WTO) kanye ne-African Development Bank (AfDB). Lezi zikhungo zihlinzeka ngezimali, usizo lobuchwepheshe, nezeluleko zenqubomgomo ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okuhwebelana e-Chad nokuyixhuma nezimakethe zomhlaba. Sengiphetha, nakuba ibhekene nezinselele ezihlukahlukene zentuthuko, i-Chad ikwazile ukusungula imigudu ebalulekile yokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano ezifana ne-ITC kanye nezigatshana zokuhweba zesifunda. Izwe liphinde libambe imibukiso yohwebo eminingana eheha abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna amathuba emikhakheni efana nezimboni, izindwangu/izimpahla zokugqoka, ezolimo/imfuyo. Ngokubamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo kulezi zindlela nokuxhumana nezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ezifana ne-WTO ne-AfDB, i-Chad ihlose ukuthuthukisa amandla ayo okuhweba ngokuqhubekayo.
I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Afrika Emaphakathi. Njengoba ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi kuqhubeka kukhula e-Chad, izinjini zokusesha ezimbalwa ezidumile zithole ukuthandwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi bayo. Ezinye zezinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa e-Chad zihlanganisa: 1. I-Google - Ngokungangabazeki injini yokusesha edume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, i-Google isetshenziswa kakhulu nase-Chad. Kusukela ekusesheni okuvamile kuya ekutholeni ulwazi oluthile noma amawebhusayithi, i-Google ingafinyelelwa ku-www.google.com. 2. I-Yahoo - I-Yahoo Search enye injini yokusesha evame ukusetshenziswa e-Chad. Kanye nokuhlinzeka ngemiphumela yosesho, i-Yahoo iphinde inikeze ezinye izinsiza njengezindaba, i-imeyili, ezezimali, nokuningi. Ingatholakala ku-www.yahoo.com. 3. I-Bing - I-Bing iyinjini yokusesha ephethwe yi-Microsoft eseye yaduma emhlabeni wonke futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi e-Chad ekusesheni ku-inthanethi. Ihlinzeka ngemiphumela yewebhu kanye nezici ezengeziwe ezifana nolwazi lohambo nosesho lwezithombe. I-Bing ingatholakala ku-www.bing.com. 4. I-Qwant - I-Qwant iyinjini yokusesha egxile kubumfihlo ebone ukwanda ekusetshenzisweni kwayo phakathi kwabasebenzisi abakhathazeke ngokuvikeleka kwedatha nezindaba zobumfihlo emhlabeni jikelele, kuhlanganise nalabo abavela e-Chad. Abasebenzisi bangafinyelela izinsiza ze-Qwant ku-www.qwant.com. 5 . I-DuckDuckGo- Ngokufanayo ne-Qwant, i-DuckDuckGo igcizelela kakhulu ubumfihlo bomsebenzisi ngokungalandeleli ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma ukugcina idatha yomsebenzisi ngezinjongo zokukhangisa eziqondiwe . Izuze abalandeli abazinikele emhlabeni wonke futhi ingafinyelelwa abasebenzisi baseChad ku-www.duckduckgo.com. Lezi ngezinye zezinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa abantu abathembele kuzo ngezinjongo ezahlukahlukene ngenkathi bephequlula i-inthanethi besuka emingceleni ye-Chad.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

Ngiyaxolisa, kodwa i-Chad ayilona izwe; empeleni iyisizwe esivalekile esiseCentral Africa. Nokho, kubonakala sengathi ubhekise ku-Chad njengegama lothile noma isiteketiso. Uma kunjalo, sicela unikeze umongo owengeziwe noma ucacise umbuzo wakho ukuze ngikwazi ukukusiza kangcono.

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Afrika Emaphakathi. Isathuthuka ngokuya nge-e-commerce, futhi njengamanje, kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ezinkulu ze-e-commerce ezisebenza ezweni. Nawa amanye amapulatifomu amakhulu e-e-commerce e-Chad kanye namawebhusayithi awo: 1. I-Jumia (www.jumia.td): I-Jumia ingenye yezimakethe eziku-inthanethi ezinkulu nezidume kakhulu e-Afrika. Banikeza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kusukela ku-electronics, imfashini, ubuhle, izinto zikagesi kuya ezintweni zasendlini. 2. I-Shoprite (www.shoprite.td): I-Shoprite iyisuphamakethe eyaziwa kakhulu futhi inesitolo se-inthanethi e-Chad. Bahlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zegrosa nezinto zasendlini zokudiliva. 3. I-Afrimalin (www.afrimalin.com/td): I-Afrimalin iyinkundla yokuhlukaniswa kwe-inthanethi evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathenge futhi badayise izinto ezintsha noma ezisetshenzisiwe njengezimoto, izinto zikagesi, ifenisha, nokunye. 4. I-Libreshot (www.libreshot.com/chad): I-Libreshot iyinkundla yokuthenga eku-inthanethi egxile kakhulu ezintweni zikagesi ezifana nama-smartphones, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amakhamera, izisetshenziswa futhi inikeza ukulethwa kuyo yonke i-Chad. 5. I-Chadaffaires (www.chadaffaires.com): Abakwa-Chadaffaires bahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kusukela kwezimpahla zokugqoka kuya kugesi ngamanani ancintisanayo kumakhasimende ase-Chad. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukutholakala kwalezi zinkundla kungase kwehluke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezinguquko ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-e-commerce noma amandla emakethe yesifunda ahlobene nezimo ezithile zezimakethe zase-Chad. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lolu lwazi lungase lushintshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba izinkundla ezintsha zivela noma ezikhona zishintsha ngokuya ngezitayela nezimfuno zemakethe. Ukwengeza kungaba umkhuba ongcono kakhulu ukuhlola endaweni noma ngokusebenzisa izinjini zokusesha eziqondene nezinsiza ezinembile mayelana namawebhusayithi e-ecommerce asebenzayo ahlinzekela amakhasimende akhona ngaphakathi kwe-chad.

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

I-Chad iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Afrika Emaphakathi. Njengesizwe esithuthukayo, izinga laso lokungena ku-inthanethi liphansi uma liqhathaniswa namanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwezinselelo, i-Chad inazo ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezidumile phakathi kwabantu bayo. Nazi ezimbalwa zazo kanye nama-URL azo ewebhusayithi afanele: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com): I-Facebook iyinkundla yezokuxhumana esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise nase-Chad. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze amaphrofayili, baxhumane nabangane nomndeni, babelane ngezithombe namavidiyo, futhi bajoyine amaqembu ahlukahlukene anentshisekelo. 2. I-WhatsApp (www.whatsapp.com): I-WhatsApp iyinkundla yokuthumela imiyalezo eyenza ukuxhumana ngemiyalezo, izingcingo zezwi, izingcingo zevidiyo, nokwabelana ngamafayela emidiya exubile njengezithombe namadokhumenti. Ithole ukuduma e-Chad ngenxa yokusebenziseka kalula nokufinyeleleka kwayo. 3. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com): I-Instagram inikeza abasebenzisi inkundla yokwabelana ngezithombe namavidiyo amafushane nabalandeli babo noma umphakathi obanzi. Abasebenzisi bangaphinda balandele ama-akhawunti abawathola anentshisekelo noma akhuthazayo. 4. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com): I-Twitter ingosi ye-microblogging lapho abasebenzisi bangathumela khona izibuyekezo ezimfushane noma ama-tweets ahlanganisa imilayezo yombhalo noma okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia ngaphakathi komkhawulo wezinhlamvu ezingu-280 ku-tweet ngayinye. 5. I-YouTube (www.youtube.com): I-YouTube yaziwa ngokubamba iqoqo elibanzi lamavidiyo akhiqizwe abasebenzisi ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene kusukela kwezokuzijabulisa kuye kokuqukethwe kwezemfundo. 6.TikTok(https://www.tiktok.com/zh/ ): I-TikTok isizuze ukuduma emhlabeni wonke njengenkundla yokudala nokwabelana ngamavidiyo eselula anefomu elifushane abonisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubonisa okunobuciko njengokuvumelanisa izindebe noma izindlela zokudansa. 7.LinkedIn(https://www.linkedin.com/): I-LinkedIn igxile kakhulu kunethiwekhi yobungcweti lapho abantu bedala amaphrofayili agqamisa ulwazi lwabo lomsebenzi kuyilapho bexhumana nozakwabo abavela ezimbonini ezifanayo. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinkundla ezishiwo ngenhla ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke abantu abavela emazweni ahlukahlukene kuhlanganise ne-Chad- kungase kube nezinkundla ezithile zasendaweni ikakhulukazi e-Chad kuphela kodwa uma kunikezwe ulwazi olulinganiselwe, kuyinselele ukuzifaka ohlwini ngokunembile. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukutholakala nokufinyelela kulezi zinkundla kungase kwehluke ngokusekelwe ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi ngakunye nezisetshenziswa e-Chad.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

I-Chad, izwe elivalekile elise-Afrika Emaphakathi, linezinhlangano zezimboni eziningana ezimele imikhakha eyahlukene. Nazi ezinye zezinhlangano ezibalulekile zemboni e-Chad kanye namawebhusayithi abo: 1. I-Federation of Chadian Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Agriculture and Mines (FCCIAM) - Le nhlangano imele imikhakha yamabhizinisi ehlukene e-Chad, okuhlanganisa ezohwebo, izimboni, ezolimo, nezimayini. Iwebhusayithi yabo ithi fcciam.org. 2. I-Association of Chadian Oil Explorers (ACOE) - I-ACOE yinhlangano ehlanganisa izinkampani ezibandakanyeka ekuhloleni nasekukhiqizeni uwoyela e-Chad. Iwebhusayithi yabo ayitholakali. 3. I-National Union of Professional Associations (UNAT) - I-UNAT ingumfelandawonye wezinhlangano ezingochwepheshe ezivela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana nobunjiniyela, imithi, umthetho, imfundo njll. Ulwazi lwewebhusayithi yabo alutholakalanga. 4. I-Chadian Association for Water and Sanitation (AseaTchad) - Le nhlangano igxile ekukhuthazeni ukutholakala kwamanzi ahlanzekile nezindawo zokukhucululwa kwendle e-Chad ngokusebenzisana nezinhlangano zikahulumeni kanye nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe. Ngeshwa alukho ulwazi olumayelana newebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni olutholiwe. 5. Inyunyana Kazwelonke Yabasebenzi Bezandla Zezandla (UNAPMECT) - I-UNAPMECT isekela futhi ikhuthaze abadwebi bezandla bendabuko ngokuhlela imibukiso, inikeze amathuba okuqeqeshwa nosizo lokumaketha kwemikhiqizo yabo. Ngeshwa alukho ulwazi olumayelana newebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni olutholiwe. 6. Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yezinhlangano Zabakhiqizi Bezolimo (i-FENAPAOC) – I-FENAPAOC imele izintshisekelo zabakhiqizi bezolimo kuhlanganisa nezinhlangano zabalimi ezweni lonke ezifuna ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo wezolimo kuyilapho ivikela inhlalakahle yabalimi kanye nokumelela ukusekelwa kukahulumeni lapho kudingeka; nokho alikho ikheli lewebhu elivumelekile elitholakele ngalesi sikhathi. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ezinye izinhlangano zingase zingabi nawo amawebhusayithi asebenzayo noma kube nolwazi olulinganiselwe olutholakala ku-inthanethi ngenxa yezici ezifana nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okulinganiselwe noma ukuntuleka kokuba khona ku-inthanethi kwalezi zinhlangano ngaphakathi komongo we-Chad.

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

I-Chad iyizwe elivalekile e-Afrika Emaphakathi elinomnotho okhulayo kanye namathuba okuhweba nokutshalwa kwezimali. Kunamawebhusayithi amaningana ezomnotho nezohwebo ahlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nokwenza ibhizinisi e-Chad. Nazi ezinye ezivelele: 1. Umnyango Wezohwebo, Izimboni, Nezokuvakasha - Le webhusayithi esemthethweni kahulumeni inikeza ulwazi mayelana nezinqubomgomo zezohwebo, amathuba okutshala izimali, kanye nemithethonqubo e-Chad. Iwebhusayithi http://commerceindustrie-tourisme.td/ 2. IChad Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Agriculture and Mines (CCIAM) - Isizindalwazi se-CCIAM sihlose ukukhuthaza imisebenzi yezomnotho ngokuhlinzeka ngosizo emabhizinisini asebenza emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nezolimo, izimayini, izimboni. Iwebhusayithi http://www.cciamtd.org/ 3. I-Chadian Investment Agency (API) - I-API isiza ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe ngokunikeza ulwazi olubanzi ngamathuba okutshala imali emikhakheni ehlukene yase-Chad. Iwebhusayithi http://www.api-tchad.com/ 4. Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukisa Ukutshalwa Kwezimali (ANDI) - I-ANDI igxile ekuheheni abatshalizimali emikhakheni yamasu efana nezamandla, ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda, ezolimo ngokusebenzisa inkundla yayo ye-inthanethi. Iwebhusayithi: https://andi.td/ 5. Ihhovisi Lezwe Leqembu Lebhange Lokuthuthukiswa Kwase-Afrika (i-AfDB) - Ihhovisi Lezwe lase-AfDB lase-Chad lihlinzeka ngemibiko yezomnotho enokuqonda kanye nedatha emikhakheni ebalulekile efana nezamandla, ezolimo ukuze kube lula ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi kubatshalizimali. Iwebhusayithi https://www.afdb.org/en/countries/central-africa/chad/chad-country-office Lawa mawebhusayithi anikeza izinsiza ezibalulekile kunoma ubani onentshisekelo yokuhlola ibhizinisi noma amathuba okutshala imali e-Chad. Nokho, sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanye amawebhusayithi angase atholakale kuphela isiFulentshi okuwulimi olusemthethweni lwase-Chad

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

Kunamawebhusayithi amaningi emibuzo yedatha yokuhweba atholakalayo e-Chad, ahlinzeka ngolwazi ngezibalo zabo zokuhweba nezinkomba ezihlobene. Nazi ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo: 1. I-International Trade Center (ITC): Iwebhusayithi: http://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProductCountry_TS.aspx?nvpm=1%7c270%7c%7c%7cTOTAL%7cAll+Products Inkundla ye-ITC inikezela ngedatha yohwebo ephelele, okuhlanganisa izibalo zokungenisa nokuthekelisa, ozakwethu abaphezulu bokuhweba, imikhiqizo emikhulu edayiswayo, nezinkomba zezomnotho ze-Chad. 2. I-World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): Iwebhusayithi: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/CHD I-WITS iwuhlelo lweBhange Lomhlaba oluhlinzeka ngokufinyelela kuzinqolobane ezihlukahlukene zamazwe ngamazwe eziqukethe ulwazi oluhlobene nohwebo. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlole ukusebenza kohwebo kwe-Chad ngomkhiqizo noma izwe elinguzakwethu. 3. Isizindalwazi se-United Nations Comtrade: Iwebhusayithi: https://comtrade.un.org/data/ I-Comtrade iyinqolobane esemthethweni yezibalo zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ezinakekelwa yi-United Nations Statistics Division. Kuhlanganisa idatha enemininingwane yokungenisa nokuthekelisa yamazwe omhlaba wonke, kuhlanganisa ne-Chad. 4. I-African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) Iphothali Yolwazi Lohwebo: Iwebhusayithi http://www.tradeinfoportal.org/chad/ Ingosi ye-Afreximbank inikeza ulwazi oluqondene nezwe oluqondene nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, amanani entengo, izinyathelo ezingakhokhiswa imali, izidingo zokufinyelela ezimakethe, kanye neminye imininingwane ehlobene nohwebo yase-Chad. 5. I-Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC): Iwebhusayithi http://www.cemac.int/en/ Nakuba ingagxilile kuphela emibuzweni yedatha yezohwebo njengemithombo yangaphambilini eshiwo ngenhla; Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-CEMAC inikeza ulwazi lwezomnotho mayelana namazwe angamalungu esifundeni se-Afrika Emaphakathi okuhlanganisa nezinkomba zezimali ezingaba usizo ekuqondeni imisebenzi yokuhweba yase-Chad ngaphakathi kwalo mongo. Lawa mawebhusayithi kufanele akunikeze izinsiza ezanele zokuhlola izici ezihlukahlukene zokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwe-Chad kanye nezibalo ezihlobene. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukutholakala nokunemba kwedatha kungase kwehluke kuzo zonke izinkundla ezihlukene. Kutuswa ukuthi ubhekisele emithonjeni kahulumeni esemthethweni uma kunesidingo ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva kakhulu nolunembile.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

I-Chad, eyizwe elivaliwe e-Afrika Ephakathi, ibone ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkundla ezihlukahlukene ze-B2B ezisiza ukuhwebelana namathuba ebhizinisi. Nawa amanye amapulatifomu e-B2B aphawulekayo e-Chad kanye namakheli abo ewebhusayithi: 1. I-TradeKey Chad (www.tradekey.com/cm_chad): I-TradeKey iyindawo yemakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-B2B lapho izinkampani ezivela emazweni ahlukene zingaxhuma khona, zihwebe ngemikhiqizo namasevisi. Ihlinzeka ngenkundla yamabhizinisi aseChad ukuthi andise ukufinyelela kwawo emazweni ngamazwe. 2. I-Chad Exporters Directory (www.exporters-directory.com/chad): Lolu hlu lwemibhalo lugxile kakhulu ekufakeni uhlu lwabahwebi baseChad abavela ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezifana nezolimo, ezezimayini, ezokukhiqiza, nokunye. Amabhizinisi endawo angakhangisa ngemikhiqizo yawo kwabangaba amakhasimende emhlabeni jikelele. 3. Amakhasi Ebhizinisi Lase-Afrika - Chad (www.africa-businesspages.com/chad): I-Africa Business Pages iwuhlu lwemibhalo oluku-inthanethi olugxile kumabhizinisi ase-Afrika. Ihlinzeka ngesigaba esizinikezele sezinkampani ezisebenza e-Chad ukuze zithuthukise imikhiqizo yazo noma amasevisi kubathengi basekhaya nabamazwe ngamazwe. 4. I-Alibaba Chad (www.alibaba.com/countrysearch/TD/chad-whole-seller.html): Enye yezinkundla ezinkulu ze-B2B emhlabeni jikelele, i-Alibaba inikeza amabhizinisi ase-Chad ngethuba lokufinyelela abathengi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Abahlinzeki bangakha amaphrofayili abonisa iminikelo yabo futhi baxhumane nabathengi abanentshisekelo. 5. I-GlobalTrade.net - I-Chad (www.globaltrade.net/chad/Trade-Partners/): I-GlobalTrade.net ifaka ulwazi mayelana nohwebo nabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo eziqondene namazwe ahlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise ne-Chad. Isebenza njengesisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokuxhumanisa izinkampani zaseChad nabangase babe abalingani bebhizinisi phesheya. 6.DoingBusinessInChad(www.doingbusinessin.ch/en-Chinese)Le nkundla inikeza ulwazi olunzulu mayelana nokwenza ibhizinisi e-Chad okuhlanganisa nezimfuneko zomthetho/imithetho, intela, imikhakha yebhizinisi njll.Iphinde ivumele abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane ngokuqondile nezingcweti ezinolwazi ekwenzeni ibhizinisi ngaphakathi. imakethe ye-chadian Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lawa mawebhusayithi ahlinzeka ngamazinga ahlukene wezinsizakalo kanye nokusebenza. Ngaphambi kokuzibandakanya kunoma yikuphi ukuthengiselana kwebhizinisi, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu kanye nokuzimisela okufanele ukuze uqinisekise ukufaneleka nokwethembeka kwabangase babe ozakwethu.
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