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Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
ICroatia, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseCroatia, iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu. Ihlanganyela imingcele neSlovenia enyakatho-ntshonalanga, iHungary ukuya enyakatho-mpumalanga, iSerbia ngasempumalanga, iBosnia neHerzegovina eningizimu-mpumalanga, kanye neMontenegro noLwandle i-Adriatic eningizimu. Njengoba inabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezi-4, iCroatia inamagugu amasiko ahlukahlukene athonywa ubudlelwano bayo bomlando nezimpucuko ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa iRoman, iByzantine, i-Ottoman ne-Austro-Hungarian. Ulimi olusemthethweni yisiCroatia. Inhloko-dolobha yaseCroatia yiZagreb esebenza njengesikhungo sayo sezombangazwe nezokuphatha. Yaziwa ngomlando wayo ocebile nesiko elinempilo, i-Zagreb inikeza inhlanganisela ye-eclectic yezakhiwo zenkathi ephakathi eduze nengqalasizinda yesimanje. I-Croatia inezindawo ezinhle ezihlanganisa zombili izifunda zezwekazi elinamagquma nezintaba ezingxenyeni ezimaphakathi zezwe kanye nezindawo ezisogwini ezihlotshiswe ngamabhishi amangalisayo ogwini lwayo olude lwe-Adriatic. Amapaki ayo amaningi kazwelonke njengePlitvice Lakes National Park kanye ne-Krka National Park abonisa ubuhle bemvelo obumangalisayo. Ezokuvakasha zidlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni waseCroatia ngenxa yezindawo ezikhangayo zezivakashi ezifana neDubrovnik - eyaziwa ngezindonga zayo zedolobha lasendulo - Ukuhlukana - ikhaya leDiocletian's Palace - noma iPula enenkundla yayo yaseshashalazini yaseRoma. Izivakashi zingajabulela nokuhamba ngomkhumbi eziqhingini ezinhle njenge-Hvar noma i-Brac. Ukudla kwendabuko kwesi-Croatian kubonisa imithelela evela emazweni angomakhelwane njenge-Italy ne-Hungary ngenkathi yengeza ama-twist endawo. Izidlo ezidumile zihlanganisa i-cevapi (amasoseji athosiwe), i-sarma (amaroli eklabishi agcwalisiwe), izibiliboco zokudla kwasolwandle njenge-risotto emnyama noma inhlanzi eyosiwe ebanjwe isanda kuphuma oLwandle i-Adriatic. I-Croatia yazibusa ku-Yugoslavia ngo-1991 kodwa yabhekana nezinselelo ngaleso sikhathi ngenxa yezingxabano ezadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1995. Kusukela lapho yenze inqubekelaphambili enkulu kwezombusazwe nakwezomnotho, yaba yilungu le-NATO ngo-2009 kwalandelwa ubulungu be-European Union ngo-2013. Sengiphetha, iCroatia iyizwe elihehayo elinenhlanganisela yobuhle bemvelo, umlando ocebile, ukudla okukhangayo nokungenisa izihambi okufudumele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udonswa amadolobha asendulo noma izimangaliso zemvelo, iCroatia inikeza isipiliyoni esiyingqayizivele ngokungangabazeki esizoshiya umbono ohlala njalo kunoma yisiphi isivakashi.
Imali Yezwe
I-Croatia, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseCroatia, isebenzisa i-Croatian kuna (HRK) njengohlobo lwemali yayo. I-kuna ihlukaniswe yaba yi-100 lipa. Igama elithi "kuna" lisho i-marten ngesi-Croatian futhi lisuselwa ezikhathini zasendulo lapho ama-pelts oboya ayesetshenziswa njengohlobo lwemali. Yethulwa ngo-May 30, 1994, i-kuna yathatha indawo yedinar yaseYugoslavia ngemva kokuba iCroatia ithole inkululeko eYugoslavia. Kusukela lapho, bekuyimali esemthethweni yaseCroatia. Amanothi afika ngamahlelo e-HRK 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 futhi izinhlamvu zemali zitholakala nge-HRK 1, HRK2 kanye nehlelo le-lipa. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nezinguquko ezimweni zezomnotho emhlabeni wonke noma ngaphakathi kwe-Croatia uqobo¸ kuhlale kuwumqondo omuhle ukuqinisekisa amahlelo athile nokutholakala ngaphambi kokuhamba noma ukushintshanisa imali. I-Croatian National Bank (i-Hrvatska Narodna Banka) inesibopho sokukhipha nokulawula uhlobo lwemali lwezwe. Baqinisekisa ukuzinza kwayo ngokuqapha amazinga okushintshaniswa kwamanye amazwe kanye nokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zezimali ezikhuthaza ukukhula komnotho kuyilapho zigcina ukwehla kwamandla emali kulawulwa. Ngenkathi uya e-Croatia noma wenza imisebenzi yebhizinisi ezweni, kuyatuseka ukuphatha ukheshi ngenxa yamazinga ahlukahlukene okwamukelwa kwamakhadi esikweletu noma izinkokhelo ze-elekthronikhi. Izimali zakwamanye amazwe zingase futhi zamukelwe emahhotela noma ezindaweni ezinkulu; nokho abathengisi abancane bangamukela kuphela inkokhelo nge-kuna. Kafushane, iCroatia isebenzisa imali yayo kazwelonke ebizwa ngokuthi i-kuna (HRK), eyethulwa ngo-1994 ithatha indawo ye-Yugoslavia dinar. Amanothi asuka ku-HRK10 aze afike ku-HR200 kuyilapho izinhlamvu zemali zitholakala kusukela ku-HRK1 kuya phezulu kanye namahlelo ama-lipa amancane. Nakuba ukwamukelwa kwamakhadi esikweletu kukhula kulo lonke elaseCroatia , ukuphatha imali ethile kusatuswa ikakhulukazi lapho usebenzisana nabathengisi abancane . I-Croatian National Bank iqinisekisa ukuzinza ngokulawula ukukhishwa kohlobo lwemali nokuqapha izici zomnotho, okuvumela ukuba i-kuna isakazwe kahle ezweni.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Imali esemthethweni yaseCroatia yi-Croatian Kuna (HRK). Ngokuqondene nezilinganiso zokushintshanisa ngemali elinganiselwe ngezinhlobo zemali zomhlaba ezinkulu, sicela wazi ukuthi lezi zilinganiso zingahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nazi ezinye izilinganiso zokushintshisana kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2022: 1 I-Croatian Kuna (HRK) cishe: - 0.13 Euro (EUR) - 0.17 US Dollars (USD) - 0.15 British Pound (GBP) - 15.48 Japanese Yen (JPY) - 4.36 i-Chinese Yuan Renminbi (CNY) Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi lawa magugu awasona isikhathi sangempela futhi angashintshashintsha ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene zomnotho.
Amaholide Abalulekile
I-Croatia, izwe elihle eliseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, inamaholide amaningana abalulekile abamba ukubaluleka okubalulekile kwamasiko nomlando. Ake sihlole eminye yale migubho: 1. Usuku Lokuzimela (Dan neovisnosti): Lugujwa ngo-Okthoba 8, leli holide likazwelonke liphawula isimemezelo se-Croatia sokuzibusa ku-Yugoslavia ngo-1991. Lolu suku lugcwele imicimbi yokushisekela izwe njengemikhosi yokuphakamisa ifulegi, amakhonsathi, ama-parade, neziqhumane. 2. I-Statehood Day (Dan državnosti): Igujwa ngo-June 25 njalo ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2000, leli holide likhumbula ukwamukela kwePhalamende laseCroatia Umthethosisekelo ngoJuni 25, 1991. Abantu benza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene njengokuhambela imibukiso namakhonsathi noma ukuhlanganyela emiqhudelwaneni yezemidlalo. ihlelwe ezweni lonke. 3. Usuku Lokubonga Lokunqoba Nolwezwe Lasekhaya (Dan pobjede i domovinske zahvalnosti): Leli holide liba ngo-August 5, lihlonipha abavikeli abanesibindi abalwa phakathi neMpi Yenkululeko YaseCroatia kusukela ngo-1991 kuya ku-1995. Abantu bahlonipha ngokuvakashela izikhumbuzo nokuhlanganyela kwezenkolo imikhosi enikelwe amasosha awile. 4. Usuku Lwabasebenzi Lwamazwe Ngamazwe (Praznik rada): Lugujwa njalo ngoMeyi 1 kanye namanye amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, i-Croatia igcizelela impumelelo eyenziwe ngabasebenzi ezweni lonke ngama-parade nemicimbi ehlobene nabasebenzi. 5. UMsombuluko Wephasika (Uskrsni ponedjeljak) & Ukhisimusi (Božić): Njengezwe eligcwele amaRoma Katolika, kokubili uMsombuluko wePhasika noKhisimusi zibaluleke kakhulu ngokwezenkolo kubantu baseCroatia abahlanganyela ezinkonzweni zesonto ezilandelwa imibuthano yomndeni lapho ukudla kwesintu kuphekwa ndawonye. 6. I-Strossmayer's Promenade Evenings: Nakuba kungelona iholide likazwelonke elisemthethweni kodwa kunomkhosi wamasiko odumile obanjwa minyaka yonke phakathi kukaMeyi noSepthemba edolobheni laseZagreb - ikhombisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemidlalo yobuciko efana nemibukiso yomculo ebukhoma eheha abantu bendawo kanye nezivakashi ezivela kulo lonke elase-Zagreb. umhlaba. Lawa maholide adlala indima ebalulekile ekwazisweni kwamasiko e-Croatia futhi anikeza abantu ithuba lokuhlangana, bagubhe umlando wabo, futhi babonise ukuziqhenya kwabo ngobuzwe.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
ICroatia iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, elisemngceleni weSlovenia, iHungary, iSerbia, iBosnia neHerzegovina, kanye neMontenegro. Njengelungu leNhlangano YaseYurophu (i-EU), i-Croatia ihlomule ezivumelwaneni zohwebo lwamahhala futhi yandisa namathuba okuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe. Umnotho wase-Croatia uthembele kakhulu emkhakheni wayo wesevisi, kanti ezokuvakasha zinomthelela omkhulu. Izwe linogu olumangalisayo eduze noLwandle i-Adriatic, eliheha izigidi zezivakashi minyaka yonke. Lokhu kutheleka kwezivakashi kube nomthelela omuhle ekuthunyelweni kwe-Croatia ngokuya ngezinsizakalo ezifana nendawo yokuhlala, izinsiza zokudla, nokuzijabulisa. Ngaphezu kwezokuvakasha, iCroatia iphinde ithumele izimpahla ezifana nemishini nemishini yokuthutha njengemikhumbi nezimoto. Umkhakha wezokukhiqiza udlala indima enkulu emnothweni wezwe futhi. Izimboni ezifana nokukhiqiza amakhemikhali (okuhlanganisa ezemithi), izindwangu, ukucubungula izinsimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla (ikakhulukazi ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi), ukucubungula ukudla (izindawo zokudoba) ziyisandla esibalulekile emakethe yokuthumela ngaphandle. Ozakwethu abakhulu beCroatia abathumela kwamanye amazwe bahlanganisa iJalimane - okuyiyona eyenza ingxenye enkulu yohwebo lwayo - ilandelwa yi-Italy neSlovenia ngaphakathi kwesifunda se-EU. Nokho, iphinde izibandakanye ekuhwebeni okungeyona eye-EU namazwe afana neBosnia neHerzegovina. Ngokuqondene nokungeniswa eCroatia uqobo; imishini nezinto zokuthutha zibonakala ngokugqamile eduze kwezimpahla zabathengi njengezindwangu njll., Le mikhiqizo ivame ukuthengwa eJalimane (uzakwethu ohamba phambili wokungenisa impahla), i-Italy, i-China phakathi kokunye. Naphezu kokukhula komnotho kwakamuva izimpi zangemva kwenkululeko ngeminyaka yawo-1990 zabangela ukuhlehla; kusukela ekujoyineni kwe-EU ngo-2013 kube nenqubekela phambili ezinzile ekuhlanganisweni nezimakethe zomhlaba - ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwe-Europe. Sekukonke, iCroatia iyaqhubeka nokuqinisa isikhundla sayo ngokwandisa imboni yezokuvakasha kanye nokwehlukahlukana kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, kanye nokusungula ubudlelwano obuqinile bezentengiselwano nazo zombili izizwe ze-EU kanye nabalingani bokuhweba abangewona abe-EU abanikela ngokuhlanganyela ekuhwebeni kwezwe kusiza ekuqhubekiseni intuthuko yomnotho esimeme echaza ukuthi kungani iCroatia ithathwa njengenkanyezi ekhulayo esigabeni sohwebo samazwe ngamazwe.
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
I-Croatia, eseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, inamandla amakhulu okwandisa imakethe yayo yohwebo lwangaphandle. Njengoba inecebo lendawo kanye nobulungu be-European Union (EU), iCroatia inikeza izinzuzo eziningi zamathuba ebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe. Okokuqala, iCroatia iyazuza ngokuba seduze kwayo nezimakethe ezinkulu zaseYurophu. Indawo yayo ekahle phakathi kwe-Central Europe kanye ne-Balkan inikeza ukufinyelela okulula emazweni angomakhelwane njenge-Slovenia, i-Hungary, ne-Serbia. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukudidiyelwa kwezohwebo futhi kuvumela ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla okuphumelelayo kweqa imingcele. Okwesibili, ubulungu be-EU baseCroatia bunikeza ukufinyelela emakethe enkulu enabathengi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-446. Lokhu kunikeza amathuba abalulekile amabhizinisi afuna ukuthekelisa noma ukungenisa izimpahla ngaphakathi kwe-EU. Ukwengeza, ukuba yingxenye ye-EU kuvumela izinkampani zaseCroatia ukuthi zihlomule ezivumelwaneni zezentengiselwano okuxoxwe ngazo yinyunyana namanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iCroatia inezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni ezifaka isandla emandleni ayo okuthekelisa ngaphandle. Izwe laziwa ngomkhakha walo wezokuvakasha oheha izigidi zezivakashi unyaka nonyaka. Lokhu kuveza amathuba amakhulu okuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nezivakashi, ama-ejensi ezokuhamba, indawo yokuhlala, ukudla neziphuzo, ukukhiqizwa kwezikhumbuzo phakathi kokunye. Ngaphezu kwezimboni ezigxile kwezokuvakasha, iCroatia iphinde igxile ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi nobuchwepheshe basolwandle ngenxa yefa layo elicebile lasolwandle. Izwe linosiko lwesikhathi eside lokukhiqiza imikhumbi yekhwalithi eyaziwa umhlaba wonke. Ukusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe kungavula iminyango yokuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi ngaphandle kanye nokukhuthaza imikhakha ehlobene nayo njengokukhiqiza imishini yobunjiniyela basolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iCroatia inezinsiza zemvelo eziningi ezihlanganisa imikhiqizo yezolimo efana newayini, uwoyela we-olive, uju, nokukhiqizwa kwezinhlanzi eziseqophelweni eliphezulu. Ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo somhlaba wonke somkhiqizo wemvelo, omsulwa, otholakala ngokufanele, imikhiqizo yezolimo yaseCroatia inamathemba amahle kakhulu ezimakethe zangaphandle. . Okokugcina, ukusebenzisana kwezimboni ezihlukahlukene, izinqubomgomo ezilungele amabhizinisi, kanye nezinzuzo zokutshala izimali ezinikezwa uhulumeni wase-Croatian zibonisa ukuzibophezela kwabo ekudaleni indawo evumayo. Ngokuhambisana nengqalasizinda esunguliwe, ndawonye baqhuba imibono emisha, ucwaningo nentuthuko, kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwezomnotho. Lokhu kukhuthaza nakakhulu. abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe abafuna amathuba okukhula kwesikhathi eside. Sengiphetha, ukusondela kweCroatia ezimakethe ezinkulu zaseYurophu, ubulungu be-EU, izimboni ezihlukahlukene, insada yemithombo yemvelo, kanye nezinqubomgomo ezisekelayo zikahulumeni kunomthelela emandleni ayo abalulekile okwandisa imakethe yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe. Ngamasu afanele kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, iCroatia ingazimisa njengesizinda samathuba ebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni imikhiqizo edayiswa kakhulu yemakethe yohwebo yangaphandle yaseCroatia, kunezici ezimbalwa ezidinga ukucatshangelwa. Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso zokuthi ungakhetha kanjani imikhiqizo efanele: 1. Hlaziya Amathrendi Emakethe: Cwaninga izimakethe zamanje zase-Croatia ukuze uhlonze izigaba zemikhiqizo edumile. Cabangela ukwenza izinhlolovo noma ukubonisana nabasabalalisi bendawo nabathengisi ukuze uqoqe imininingwane kokuncanyelwayo kwabathengi. 2. Gxila Kusidingo Sendawo: Khomba imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo ezithile nokuncanyelwayo kwabathengi base-Croatian. Lokhu kungabandakanya izimpahla ezihlobene nezokuvakasha, ezolimo, ukudla neziphuzo, izindwangu, izesekeli zemfashini, nokuhlobisa kwasekhaya. 3. Cabangela Inzuzo Yokuncintisana: Bheka izigaba zomkhiqizo lapho iCroatia inenzuzo yokuncintisana kunamanye amazwe. Isibonelo, imisebenzi yezandla yendabuko yasendaweni noma imikhiqizo yemvelo ehlukile njengezimonyo ezisuselwe ku-lavender noma ama-truffle e-Istrian angase abe nesidingo esiphezulu ngenxa yobuqiniso bazo. 4. Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi: Qinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ekhethiwe ihlangabezana namazinga ekhwalithi yamazwe ngamazwe futhi ithobela yonke imithetho edingekayo ephathelene nokungenisa nokuthekelisa kuzo zombili izimakethe zase-Croatia neziqondiswe. 5. Ukuncintisana Kwamanani: Lwela ukuncintisana namanani entengo kuyilapho ugcina izilinganiso zenzuzo ezinhle. Hlola izindleko ezihilelekile ekukhiqizeni, ekupakisheni, kwezokuthutha, ezenzweni zempahla/izintela ngaphandle kokuphothula isigaba somkhiqizo. 6.Hlukanisa Ibanga Lomkhiqizo: Faka phakathi izinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo phakathi kwezigaba ezikhethiwe ukuze unganciki kakhulu entweni eyodwa. 7.Ukusimama Kwemvelo: Cabangela ukukhulisa ukuqwashisa kwabathengi mayelana nokusimama lapho kukhethwa imikhiqizo ngezinjongo zokuthekelisa, okungukuthi, izinto zokwakha/izinqubo ezinobungani bemvelo noma ukudla okuphilayo kungase kuhehe abathengi abaqaphela imvelo emakethe yaseCroatia. 8.E-commerce Amathuba : Hlola amathuba e-e-commerce njengoba ukuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi kuqhubeka nokuthola ukuduma emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa izimakethe zokuthengisa.Ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu/izimonyo,impahla yasekhaya,izinsiza zemfashini,amathoyizi njll.amasegmenti anenzuzo ye-e-commerce okufanele acatshangelwe. Ngokuhlaziya ngokucophelela amathrendi emakethe ngenkathi ucabangela isidingo sasendaweni ngokugcizelela ekulawuleni ikhwalithi, ukusimama, ukuhweba nge-inthanethi, ungenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izigaba zomkhiqizo ezinamandla okuphumelela emakethe yohwebo yangaphandle yaseCroatia.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
I-Croatia yizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu futhi linezici zalo eziyingqayizivele namasiko. Ukuqonda izici zekhasimende nama-taboos kungasiza ekwenzeni ukusebenzelana kwebhizinisi okuyimpumelelo nabantu abavela e-Croatia. Izici Zekhasimende: 1. Ukungenisa izihambi: Abantu baseCroatia baziwa ngokungenisa izihambi ngemfudumalo. Bayaziqhenya ngokunikeza isevisi enhle kakhulu futhi benze izivakashi zizizwe zikhululekile. 2. Isizotha: Abantu baseCroatia bayayazisa inhlonipho futhi basebenzisa imikhonzo ehlelekile lapho behlangana nomuntu okokuqala. Ukuthi "Dobar dan" (Sanibona) noma "Dobro jutro" (Sawubona) ngokumamatheka kuyaziswa. 3. Ukugcina isikhathi: Ukugcina isikhathi ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti kubalulekile kubantu baseCroatia, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufika ngokushesha emihlanganweni yebhizinisi noma ukuhlangana komphakathi. 4. Ukuxhumana Okuqondile: Abantu baseCroatia bavame ukuqondile futhi baqonde endleleni yabo yokuxhumana, ngakho-ke lindela ukuthi baveze imibono ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kokushaya phansi. 5. Izindinganiso Zomndeni: Umndeni udlala indima ebalulekile esikweni lesi-Croatian, uthonya izinqubo zokwenza izinqumo kokubili ngokomuntu siqu nangokomsebenzi. I-Taboos yekhasimende: 1. Ezombusazwe Nomlando: Gwema ukuxoxa ngezihloko zezombusazwe ezibucayi noma izehlakalo zakamuva zomlando njengeMpi Yase-Balkan, njengoba lokhu kusengavusa imizwa enamandla phakathi kwabantu abathile. 2. Inkolo: Nakuba iCroatia ilandela kakhulu ubuKristu (ubuKatolika), iyatuswa ukuthi ungazibandakanyi ngokujulile ezingxoxweni zezenkolo ngaphandle uma isihloko silethwe uzakwenu. 3.Ukungahloniphi Amasiko: a) Ukuziphatha komphakathi - Kubalulekile ukugcina ukuhlonipheka ngenkathi uvakashela amasonto, izindlu zezindela, nanoma yiziphi izindawo zezenkolo; gqoka ngesizotha futhi ugcine ukuthula lapho kudingeka khona. b) Imikhuba yasetafuleni - Ukubhodla ukudla noma ukubhodla ngesikhathi sokudla kungase kubhekwe njengokungahloniphi; kungcono ukuzijwayeza imikhuba emihle etafuleni ngesikhathi sesidlo sakusihlwa sebhizinisi noma imibuthano yokuzijabulisa. c) Ukuthinta kwesandla - Nakuba ukuthinta kwezandla kungase kwehluke kumasiko wonke, ukuthinta okuthile okucasulayo njengentende yesandla esivulekile ngaphansi kwesilevu sothile kufanele kugwenywe njengoba kungahunyushwa njengokungahloniphi. d) Ukuxhumana nabantu - Gwema ukuxoxa ngezindaba zomuntu siqu ngaphandle uma uzakwenu eqala izingxoxo ezinjalo. Hlonipha imingcele yomuntu siqu futhi uhlale uchwepheshe ngesikhathi sokusebenzisana kwebhizinisi.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
I-Croatia, eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, inohlelo olusungulwe kahle lokuphatha amasiko ukuze lilawule ukuhanjiswa kwezimpahla nabantu beqa imingcele yayo. Ukuphathwa kwempahla yezwe kubhekene nomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yokungenisa/ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, ukuqoqwa kwentela kanye nezintela, ukuvimbela imisebenzi engekho emthethweni njengokushushumbiswa kanye nokwenza izinto zomgunyathi, kanye nokwenza lula ukuhwebelana. Lapho bengena e-Croatia ngomoya noma ngolwandle, abahambi kudingeka bethule amaphasipoti abo avumelekile noma amakhadi omazisi ezakhamuzi zase-EU. Izakhamizi ezingezona eze-EU kumele zibe ne-visa evumelekile ukuze zingene ezweni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-Croatia ayiyona ingxenye Yendawo ye-Schengen, ngakho-ke izidingo zokungena ezihlukene zingasebenza uma uhlela ukuqhubeka nohambo lwakho ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-Schengen. Imithethonqubo yeCustoms ivumela abahambi ukuthi balethe izinto zomuntu siqu ukuze bazisebenzise mahhala. Kodwa-ke, kunemikhawulo yezibonelelo zamahhala zemikhiqizo kagwayi neziphuzo ezidakayo. Uma weqa le mikhawulo, ungase ukhokhelwe ezinye izintela noma izintela. Izimpahla ezithile zingase zivinjelwe noma zivinjelwe ukungena e-Croatia. Lokhu kungahlanganisa izibhamu, izidakamizwa, imikhiqizo yomgunyathi ephula amalungelo empahla yengqondo (njengemikhiqizo yomklami mbumbulu), izinhlobo ezivikelwe zezitshalo nezilwane ezilawulwa yi-CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species), njll. Kubalulekile ukuzijwayeza lezi imikhawulo ngaphambi kohambo lwakho ukuze ugweme noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingokomthetho. Lapho usuka e-Croatia nezimpahla ezithengiwe ezeqa imikhawulo ethile (okwamanje esethwe ku-3000 HRK), kungase kudingeke ukuthi unikeze ubufakazi benkokhelo obufana namarisidi noma ama-invoyisi lapho udlula ekulawuleni intela ezindaweni okusuka kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunconywa hhayi e-Croatia kuphela kodwa futhi ngenkathi uhambela noma yikuphi kwenye indawo yamazwe ngamazwe ngaso sonke isikhathi sho noma yimaphi amanani abalulekile emali angaphezu kuka-€10 000 lapho ungena noma uphuma ezweni. Sengiphetha, i-Croatia inohlelo oluphelele lokuphatha amasiko olwakhelwe ukulawula ukungenisa/ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngendlela efanele kanye nokugcina ukuba semthethweni ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokuzijwayeza nemithetho yabo evakashelwe ngaphambilini kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukudlula okushelelayo emingceleni yaseCroatia ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
I-Croatia inenqubomgomo yentela yempahla evela ngaphandle eqhubekayo eklanyelwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho nokuvikela izimboni zasekhaya. Izwe libeka amazinga ahlukahlukene ezintela ezimpahleni ezingenisiwe ngokusekelwe ekuhlukaniseni kwazo kanye nemvelaphi yazo. Emikhiqizweni eminingi, i-Croatia isebenzisa i-European Union's Common External Tariff (CET), ebeka amanani emazweni angamalungu. Izinga elijwayelekile le-CET lilinganiselwa ku-5% emikhiqizweni engeyona eyezolimo, kodwa lingaba phezulu ezimpahleni ezithile ezifana nezinto zikanokusho noma imikhiqizo enomthelela omubi ongaba khona empilweni noma endaweni ezungezile. Ngaphezu kwe-CET, i-Croatia nayo inezintela ezithile ezimbonini ezithile ukuze zivikele ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya. Lokhu kubandakanya imikhakha efana nezolimo, izindwangu, nensimbi. Lezi zintela ezengeziwe zihlose ukunikeza ukuvikeleka kubakhiqizi base-Croatian ngokwenza izimpahla ezingeniswayo zingabi nokuncintisana ngokwemibandela yentengo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Croatia inikeza izivumelwano zokuhwebelana ezikhethwayo namazwe akhethiwe anikeza amanani entengo aphansi noma ayiziro ezimpahleni ezithile. Lezi zivumelwano kuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bezohwebo kanye nokuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-Croatia ivumela ukuthengiswa ngaphandle kwentela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ezinjengokungeniswa kwesikhashana, ukukhululeka kokucubungula kwangaphakathi, ukuthunyelwa kabusha ngaphandle kokulungisa noma ukuguqulwa, noma ukukhululwa okunikezwe izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe noma izivumelwano zamazwe amabili. Sekukonke, inqubomgomo yentela yezimpahla ezivela ngaphandle yaseCroatia ifuna ukulingana phakathi kokuvikela izimboni zasekhaya kanye nokukhuthaza ukuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe. Isekela amabhizinisi endawo kuyilapho isavumela ukuncintisana okufanele ngokuhambisana nezibopho zayo njengezwe elingamalungu e-EU.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
I-Croatia, izwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Europe, inenqubomgomo yayo yentela mayelana nezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Uhulumeni waseCroatia ubeka izintela ezihlukahlukene emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuze alawule ukuhwebelana futhi angenise imali yomnotho wezwe. Enye yentela eyinhloko ekhokhiswa ezimpahleni ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yi-Value Added Tax (VAT). Izinga le-VAT elijwayelekile e-Croatia lingu-25%, kodwa imikhiqizo ethile ingaphansi kwamazinga ancishisiwe angu-13% ngisho no-5%. Abathumeli bangaphandle kudingeka bafake le ntela emasu abo entengo ngendlela efanele. Ngokungeziwe ku-VAT, kungase futhi kube nentela yempahla ebekwe ezimpahleni ezithile lapho zithunyelwa zisuka e-Croatia. Le misebenzi iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe futhi yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuvikela izimboni zasekhaya noma ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zohwebo okuvunyelwane ngazo ngezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-Croatia iphinde yasebenzisa amalungiselelo amasiko akhethekile namazwe athile noma izinhlangano zokuhweba ezihlinzeka ngentela encishisiwe noma eqediwe yokungenisa imikhiqizo ethile. Lezi zinhlelo zihlose ukukhuthaza ukuhwebelana kwamazwe amabili kanye nokwenza lula ukubambisana kwezomnotho. Abathumeli bangaphandle kufanele bathobele yonke imithetho efanele kanye namaphepha lapho bethumela izimpahla ezivela e-Croatia. Bangase badinge ukuthola amalayisense adingekayo, izitifiketi, izimvume noma bahlolwe ngaphambi kokuba ukuthunyelwa kwenzeke. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela lezi zidingo kungase kubangele ukubambezeleka ezindaweni zokuhlola intela noma izinhlawulo ezibekwe iziphathimandla. Sekukonke, izinqubomgomo zentela yezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zase-Croatia zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni imisebenzi yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kuyilapho inikela ngemithombo ebalulekile yemali engenayo emnothweni wezwe. Abathekelisi bayelulekwa ukuthi bahlale benolwazi mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko ezenziwe iziphathimandla zase-Croatian mayelana nezilinganiso zentela, ukukhululwa, noma eminye imithetho ehlobene ngaphakathi komkhakha wabo othize.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
I-Croatia iyizwe eliseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu. Njengelungu elisafufusa le-European Union, i-Croatia isebenzise izinyathelo eziqinile zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi namazinga ezimpahla zayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Izwe lilandela imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe futhi lithobela izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokunikeza izitifiketi zemboni yayo yokuthumela ngaphandle. Esinye sezitifiketi ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthunyelwa kwe-Croatian i-ISO 9001, eqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana namazinga aphezulu okuphatha. Lesi sitifiketi sihlanganisa izici ezihlukahlukene njengokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende, izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziphumelelayo, nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo. Esinye isitifiketi esibalulekile ukumaka i-CE, okukhombisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezidingo zezempilo, ukuphepha kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo zase-Europe. Ivumela abathumeli bangaphandle baseCroatia ukuthi bafinyelele imakethe yaseYurophu ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma ukuhlola emazweni angawodwana angamalungu e-EU. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iCroatia iphinde yathola izitifiketi ezithile zezimboni ezithile. Isibonelo, emkhakheni wezokuvakasha - enye yezinto ezihamba phambili kwezomnotho e-Croatia - amahhotela ngokuvamile kudingeke ukuthi abe nezilinganiso zezinkanyezi ezisemthethweni ngokusekelwe ezinsizeni namasevisi awo. Ukwengeza, izitifiketi ze-organic ziya ngokuya zibaluleka ezimakethe zomhlaba ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo sabathengi semikhiqizo ye-organic. Abakhiqizi abaningi baseCroatia bathole izitifiketi ze-organic ezifana ne-EU Organic Certification noma i-USDA Organic Certification ukuze babhekelele le ngxenye yemakethe. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokudla kanye namazinga enhlanzeko phesheya, izitifiketi ze-HACCP (I-Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) nazo zamukelwa kabanzi ngabathumeli bangaphandle baseCroatia. Lesi sitifiketi siqinisekisa ukuthi abakhiqizi bokudla balandela imigomo eqinile phakathi nesigaba ngasinye sokukhiqiza. Sengiphetha, iCroatia isithatha ngokungathi sína isitifiketi sokuthumela ngaphandle ngokuthobela izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi (ISO 9001), imithetho yokuphepha (ukumaka i-CE), izilinganiso zezokuvakasha (izigaba zezinkanyezi), ukukhiqizwa kwemvelo (izitifiketi eziphilayo), nokuphepha kokudla. (I-HACCP). Lezi zitifiketi zokuthekelisa zengeza inani ezimpahleni zaseCroatia ngenkathi zithuthukisa ubudlelwano bokuhwebelana namanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
ICroatia, eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, iyizwe elaziwa ngogu lwalo oluhle eduze noLwandle i-Adriatic kanye namagugu alo anothile amasiko. Uma kukhulunywa ngezinto zokuhamba nezokuthutha, iCroatia inikeza izinketho ezimbalwa ezingasiza ukuhanjiswa kwezimpahla ngendlela efanele. Enye yezinsizakalo ezinconyiwe zezokuthutha e-Croatia ezokuthutha emgwaqeni. Izwe linoxhaxha lwemigwaqo oluthuthuke kahle oluvumela ukufinyelela kalula ezifundeni ezihlukene ngaphakathi kwe-Croatia futhi lusiza nokuhwebelana namazwe angomakhelwane. Kunenqwaba yabathumeli bempahla kanye nezinkampani zokuthutha ezihlinzeka ngezinsiza ezithembekile zokuthutha emgwaqeni, eziqinisekisa ukulethwa kwezimpahla ngesikhathi. Ngaphezu kokuhamba ngomgwaqo, ukuhamba nge-intermodal kungenye indlela evumayo eCroatia. I-Intermodal Transport ihlanganisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuhamba ezifana nesitimela nolwandle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle. Njengoba isendaweni ekahle oLwandle i-Adriatic, iCroatia ihlinzeka ngamathuba amahle kakhulu okuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi kwamanye amazwe ngendlela engenamthungo ngemizila yasolwandle. Kunamachweba amaningana atholakalayo, okuhlanganisa i-Rijeka ne-Split, esebenza njengamasango amakhulu okuhweba olwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsiza zokuthutha ngendiza zitholakala kabanzi e-Croatia ngezikhumulo zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-Zagreb Airport. Impahla yomoya ingaba yisixazululo esisebenzayo sokuthunyelwa okuzwela isikhathi noma uma ibanga liyinkinga. Izinkampani eziningi zezokuthutha zihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuthutha ngezindiza eziqinisekisa ukulethwa okusheshayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukuze kube lula izinqubo zokugunyazwa kwamasiko ngendlela efanele, kunconywa ukusebenzisana nabadayisi bamasiko abanolwazi noma ama-ejenti anokuqonda okujulile kwemithetho yamasiko yaseCroatia. Bangasiza ukwenza lula inqubo ngokuphatha izimfuneko zamadokhumenti kanye nokusiza nganoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase ziphakame phakathi nokungenisa noma ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Okokugcina, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwempahla. E-Croatia, kunezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala ezweni lonke ezinikeza izixazululo zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimpahla. Ukusebenza nabahlinzeki bezindlu ezigcina impahla abahloniphekile kuqinisekisa ukuphathwa kahle kwempahla futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Kafushane, uma kukhulunywa ngezincomo ze-logistics e-Croatia: cabanga ukusebenzisa ezokuthutha zomgwaqo ngenxa yenethiwekhi yayo ebanzi; hlola amachweba we-intermodal leveraging oLwandle i-Adriatic; sebenzisa izinsiza zokuthutha ngezindiza ngezikhumulo zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe; ukusebenzisana nabadayisi abanolwazi lokudayiswa kwempahla ephumayo ukuze bathole imvume yokuphuma kwezimpahla ezibushelelezi; futhi sisebenzise izindawo zokugcina izinto ezinokwethenjelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwempahla.
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-Croatia, izwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga Yurophu, inikeza imigudu eminingana ebalulekile yokuthengwa kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe nemibukiso yezohwebo. Lezi zindlela zinikeza amabhizinisi amathuba okuthuthukisa amanethiwekhi, akhuthaze imikhiqizo yawo, futhi ahehe abangaba abathengi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ake sihlole ezinye ezibalulekile: 1. Imibukiso yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe: I-Croatia isingatha imibukiso yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe ehlukahlukene unyaka wonke. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa: - I-Zagreb Fair: Umbukiso wezohwebo omkhulu kunawo wonke e-Croatia ohlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezimboni ezifana nezokuvakasha, ezokwakha, ezolimo, ukucubungula ukudla, nokunye. - I-Split Auto Show: Umbukiso waminyaka yonke wamazwe ngamazwe ogxile ezimotweni nezimboni ezihlobene. - I-Dubrovnik Boat Show: Umcimbi ovelele onikezelwe ochwepheshe bemboni ye-yachting kanye nezikebhe. 2. Ibhizinisi-kuya-Ibhizinisi (B2B) Imicimbi: Le micimbi isiza ukusebenzelana okuqondile phakathi kwabahlinzeki base-Croatian nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna ukusungula ubudlelwano bebhizinisi noma bathole izimpahla ezivela e-Croatia. Izibonelo zifaka: - Imihlangano ye-CroExpo B2B: Ihlelwe yi-Croatian Chamber of Economy, lo mcimbi uhlanganisa izinkampani zasendaweni nabatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe abanentshisekelo yokubambisana namabhizinisi aseCroatia. - Imicimbi Yebrokerage: Unyaka wonke, imicimbi yokudayiselana ibanjwa emadolobheni ahlukene kulo lonke elase-Croatia lapho ababambiqhaza bengahlangana khona nophathina abangase babe khona ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nabo ucwaningo noma amabhizinisi ahlanganyelwe. 3. Amapulatifomu e-E-commerce: Ukuthuthukisa ukufinyeleleka kwabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna ukuthenga imikhiqizo yesiCroatia bekude noma ku-inthanethi ngokusebenzisa amapulatifomu e-e-commerce kubalulekile. Ezinye izinkundla ezinokwethenjelwa ezixhumanisa amakhasimende omhlaba nabahlinzeki baseCroatia yilezi: - Alibaba.com: Inkundla eyaziwa kakhulu ye-e-commerce yamazwe ngamazwe exhumanisa amabhizinisi amancane emhlabeni jikelele. - EUROPAGES: Uhla lwemibhalo eku-inthanethi olunezinkampani zaseYurophu lapho abasebenzisi bengakwazi ukusesha futhi baxhumane nabahlinzeki abavela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. 4. Izinhlelo Zokusekela Zikahulumeni: Uhulumeni wase-Croatian udlala indima ebonakalayo ekukhuthazeni imisebenzi egxile ekuthekeliseni ngokunikeza izinhlelo zokweseka ezihlanganisa izinzuzo zezezimali ezifana nezibonelelo noma uxhaso lokubamba iqhaza emibukisweni yamazwe ngamazwe noma emishinini yebhizinisi phesheya. 5. Usizo lwe-Chambers of Commerce: I-Croatian Chamber of Economy kanye nezindawo ezehlukene zezentengiselwano zendawo zinikeza usizo emabhizinisini afuna abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Bahlela amasemina, imicimbi yokuxhumana, futhi banikeze umhlahlandlela ezindabeni ezihlobene nokuthekelisa. 6. Imicimbi Yenethiwekhi Yamazwe Ngamazwe: Ukuhambela imibukiso yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezingqungquthela eziqondene nemboni ethile ngaphandle kwaseCroatia kuphinde kube yindlela ephumelelayo yokuxhumana nabangase bathenge. Imicimbi efana nalena iheha ochwepheshe abavela emazweni ahlukene, ihlinzeka ngamathuba kumabhizinisi ukuthi andise amanethiwekhi awo. Sengiphetha, iCroatia inikezela ngeziteshi ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla zamazwe ngamazwe njengemibukiso yezohwebo, imicimbi ye-B2B, amapulatifomu e-e-commerce, izinhlelo zokusekelwa zikahulumeni, amagumbi osizo lwezohwebo, kanye nemicimbi yokuxhumana yamazwe ngamazwe. Lezi zindlela zibalulekile ekusizeni ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi nokuheha abathengi bomhlaba abanentshisekelo yokuthenga imikhiqizo evela e-Croatia.
I-Croatia iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga Yurophu. Njengamanye amazwe amaningi, iCroatia nayo inezinjini zayo zokusesha ezidumile ezivame ukusetshenziswa abahlali bayo. Nazi ezimbalwa zezinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa e-Croatia kanye namawebhusayithi azo afanele: 1. I-Google Croatia: Uhlelo lwesiCroatia lwe-Google lusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi luhlinzeka ngemiphumela yosesho eklanyelwe abasebenzisi base-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi: https://www.google.hr/ 2. Yahoo! Hrvatska: Yahoo! futhi inenguqulo yasendaweni yabasebenzisi base-Croatian, enikezela ngezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene ze-inthanethi ezifaka i-imeyili, izindaba, nokusebenza kokusesha. Iwebhusayithi http://hr.yahoo.com/ 3. I-Bing Hrvatska: Injini yokusesha ye-Bing ye-Microsoft iphinde inikeze inguqulo yasendaweni kubantu baseCroatia ukuze benze ukusesha ku-inthanethi futhi bathole ulwazi olufanele kuwebhu yonkana. Iwebhusayithi: https://www.bing.com/?cc=hr 4. Najdi.hr: Le njini yokusesha esekwe e-Croatian ihlose ukuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe kwasendaweni kanye nemiphumela efanelekile kubasebenzisi base-Croatia kanye nesifunda esiseduze. Iwebhusayithi http://www.najdi.hr/ 5. I-WebHR Search HRVATSKA (webHRy): Enye injini yokusesha edumile yesi-Croatian eyaziwa ngokuletha ulwazi oluthembekile oluvela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene ku-inthanethi kuyilapho igxile ezihlokweni ezithile ezithakaselwayo kubantu baseCroatia njengezindaba, ezemidlalo, ezobuciko, njll. Iwebhusayithi: http: //webhry.trilj.net/ Lezi yizibonelo ezimbalwa zezinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa eCroatia; kodwa-ke, kuhle ukusho ukuthi abantu abaningi baseCroatia basasebenzisa i-Google njengenketho yabo ezenzakalelayo ngenxa yokuduma kwayo emhlabeni wonke kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinsizakalo. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buguquka ngokushesha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngakho-ke kuhlala kunconywa ukuthi uqinisekise isimo samanje noma ukuba khona kwalawa mawebhusayithi ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa kakhulu ngokwezidingo zakho noma okuncamelayo.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

E-Croatia, izinkomba eziyinhloko zamakhasi aphuzi yilezi: 1. Yellow Pages Croatia (www.yellowpages.hr): Lolu uhla lwemibhalo olusemthethweni lwamakhasi aphuzi lwamabhizinisi ase-Croatia. Ihlinzeka ngohlu olubanzi lwezimboni nemikhakha eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ulwazi lokuxhumana, izinsizakalo ezinikeziwe, kanye nemininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nebhizinisi ngalinye. 2. I-Telefonski Imenik (www.telefonski-imenik.biz): Olunye uhla lwemibhalo oluvelele lwamakhasi aphuzi e-Croatia, i-Telefonski Imenik inikeza inkundla esebenziseka kalula yokusesha amabhizinisi ngokusekelwe endaweni noma esigabeni. Kuhlanganisa ukufakwa ohlwini okuningiliziwe okunamakheli, izinombolo zocingo, namawebhusayithi ezinkampani ezihlukahlukene ezweni lonke. 3. I-Croatian Yellow Pages (www.croatianyellowpages.com): Lolu hlu lwemibhalo oluku-inthanethi lugxile ekuxhumaniseni amakhasimende akwamanye amazwe namabhizinisi ase-Croatia. Ifaka uhlu olubanzi lwezinkampani ezivela emikhakheni ehlukene njengezokuvakasha, ezokukhiqiza, ezokuthengisa, izinsiza zobuchwepheshe, nokunye. 4. I-Hrvatske Žute Stranice (www.zute-stranice.org/hrvatska-zute-stranice): Uhla lwemibhalo lwamakhasi aphuzi olwaziwayo endaweni olunikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezigaba ongaseshwa kuzo; I-Hrvatske Žute Stranice inikeza abasebenzisi ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana namabhizinisi endawo kulo lonke elase-Croatia – okuhlanganisa amakheli nezinombolo zocingo. 5. Privredni vodič - Oglasnik Gospodarstva (privrednivodic.com.hr): Igxile kakhulu ezinkampanini zezimboni nabakhiqizi e-Croatia; lolu hlu lwamakhasi aphuzi lusetshenziswa kakhulu yilabo abafuna ukuxhumana kwe-B2B ngaphakathi komkhakha wokukhiqiza wezwe osekunesikhathi eside. Lezi zinkomba zihlinzeka ngezinsiza ezibalulekile kubantu abafuna ulwazi lokuxhumana noma amasevisi athile ahlinzekwa ngamabhizinisi endawo e-Croatia. Kutuswa ukuthi uvakashele amawebhusayithi abo ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngokwezidingo ezithile.

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

I-Croatia, izwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga Yurophu, inezinkundla ezimbalwa ezidumile ze-e-commerce ezihlinzeka ngezidingo zokuthenga ku-inthanethi. Nawa amanye amapulatifomu amakhulu we-e-commerce eCroatia kanye namawebhusayithi abo: 1. I-Njuškalo - Inkundla enkulu kunazo zonke eyimfihlo e-Croatia, enikezela ngemikhiqizo namasevisi anhlobonhlobo. Iwebhusayithi: www.njuskalo.hr 2. Mall.hr - Isitolo se-inthanethi esihamba phambili sase-Croatian esihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene efaka izinto zikagesi, imfashini, izinto zasendlini, nokunye. Iwebhusayithi: www.mall.hr 3. Izixhumanisi - Inkundla ye-e-commerce enikezela ngezinto zikagesi, amakhompyutha, ama-smartphone, izinto zasendlini, neminye imikhiqizo ehlobene nobuchwepheshe. Iwebhusayithi: www.links.hr 4. I-Elipso - Umthengisi we-inthanethi owaziwa kakhulu osebenza ku-electronics abathengi kanye nezinto zikagesi zasendlini ezifana nama-TV, omakhalekhukhwini, amalaptop, izinto zikagesi zasekhishini, njll. Iwebhusayithi: www.elipso.hr 5. I-Konzum Online Shop – Isitolo segilosa eku-inthanethi lapho abasebenzisi bangathenga khona ukudla okunjengomkhiqizo omusha, imikhiqizo yobisi, izinto zasendlini kuyilapho benenketho yesevisi yokulethwa kwekhaya ngaphakathi kwezifunda ezithile zase-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi(itholakala endaweni kuphela): shop.konzum.hr 6. Umbono Wezemidlalo - Umthengisi odumile wezingubo zemidlalo ohlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zezicathulo zemidlalo nezingubo ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene. Iwebhusayithi (itholakala endaweni kuphela): www.svijet-medija.hr/sportvision/ 7. Klik - Iwebhusayithi ye-e-commerce egxile ekuthengiseni izincwadi zababhali baseCroatia kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezincwadi zakwamanye amazwe. Iwebhusayithi (itholakala endaweni kuphela): zutiklik.com Lezi ezinye zezinkundla ezinkulu ze-e-commerce ezisebenza e-Croatia ezihlinzeka ngezinketho ezihlukahlukene zezidingo ezahlukene zabathengi kusukela ekuthengisweni okuvamile kuya emikhiqizweni ekhethekile efana ne-electronics noma izincwadi. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukutholakala neminikelo kulawa mawebhusayithi kungahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; ngakho-ke kuyanconywa ukuthi uvakashele amawebhusayithi ashiwo ngokuqondile ukuze uthole ulwazi olunembile ngamasevisi awo kanye nohlu lwamanje lwemikhiqizo. (Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ama-URL angase ashintshe)

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

I-Croatia, izwe elihle eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, inenombolo yezinkundla zokuxhumana ezidumile ezisetshenziswa kakhulu abahlali bakhona. Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezaziwa kakhulu eCroatia kanye namawebhusayithi abo: 1. I-Facebook: Inkundla yezokuxhumana enkulu kunazo zonke nesetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, i-Facebook nayo idume kakhulu eCroatia. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane nabangane nomndeni, babelane ngezithombe namavidiyo, bajoyine amaqembu nemicimbi, nokunye okuningi. Iwebhusayithi: www.facebook.com 2. I-Instagram: Inkundla yokwabelana ngezithombe namavidiyo eka-Facebook, i-Instagram idume kakhulu kubantu baseCroatia abathanda ukwabelana ngokuqukethwe okukhangayo. Abasebenzisi bangalandela abangani, abagqugquzeli, noma amabhrendi abathanda kuwo ngenkathi bethumela nezithombe zabo namavidiyo. Iwebhusayithi: www.instagram.com 3. Twitter: Inkundla ye-microblogging evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathumele imilayezo emifushane ebizwa ngokuthi "ama-tweets," i-Twitter nayo inesizinda sabasebenzisi esibalulekile e-Croatia. Ivumela abantu ukuthi balandele ama-akhawunti anentshisekelo kuwo afana nosaziwayo, izitolo zezindaba, noma abantu abadumile ngenkathi ibavumela ukuthi babelane ngemicabango yabo nangezihloko ezahlukahlukene. Iwebhusayithi: www.twitter.com 4. I-LinkedIn: Yaziwa njengenkundla yokuxhumana yobungcweti enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, i-LinkedIn inikeza amathuba kubantu baseCroatia ukuthi baxhumane nozakwabo noma abangaba abaqashi kuyilapho bebonisa amakhono abo nolwazi lwabo ngephrofayela yochwepheshe eku-inthanethi. 5.LinkShare 网站链接分享平台 naphakathi kwabasebenzisi baseCroatia. 6.YouTube:Iwebhusayithi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke yokwabelana ngamavidiyo, Abasebenzisi bangathola abadali bokuqukethwe abasha ekhoneni ngalinye lezwe kuyilapho benikeza isikhala kubaculi basendaweni, ama-vlogger, kanye nabasebenzisi be-YouTube ukuze babonise umsebenzi wabo. 7.Viber:Uhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo olufana ne-WhatsApp, i-viber ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathumele imilayezo, bathole izingcingo, futhi babambe iqhaza ezingxoxweni zeqembu. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lolu hlu aluphelele, njengoba kungase kube namanye amanethiwekhi/izinkundla ezisafufusa eziqondene ngqo ne-Croatia.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

I-Croatia, izwe eliseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, yaziwa ngezimboni zayo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinhlangano ezisebenzayo. Nazi ezinye zezinhlangano eziyinhloko zezimboni e-Croatia kanye namawebhusayithi azo afanele: 1. I-Croatian Chamber of Economy (Hrvatska gospodarska komora) - Inhlangano ehamba phambili emele amabhizinisi nezintshisekelo zezomnotho e-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi http://www.hgk.hr 2. I-Croatian Employers' Association (Hrvatska udruga poslodavaca) - Indikimba emele abaqashi nezinkampani ezisebenza e-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi https://www.hup.hr 3. I-Croatian Bank Association (Hrvatska udruga banaka) - Inhlangano ethuthukisa ukubambisana phakathi kwamabhange, ukuzinza kwezezimali, nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. Iwebhusayithi https://www.hub.hr 4. I-Croatian Small Business Association (Hrvatski mali poduzetnici) - Inhlangano esekela futhi emelela abanikazi bamabhizinisi amancane nosomabhizinisi e-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi http://hmp-croatia.com/ 5. I-Tourism Association of Croatia (Turistička zajednica Hrvatske) - Iphromotha imisebenzi yezokuvakasha, imicimbi, nezindawo okuyiwa kuzo kulo lonke elase-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi: https://croatia.hr/en-GB/home-page 6. I-Croatian Information-Technology Society (Društvo informatičara Hrvatske) - Umphakathi wochwepheshe oxhumanisa ochwepheshe be-IT abathuthukisa intuthuko yemboni. Iwebhusayithi: https://dih.hi.org/ 7. I-Croatian Chamber of Crafts (Hrvatska obrtnička komora) - Imele izintshisekelo zamangcweti namachweba emikhakheni eyahlukene yase-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi: https://hok.hr/en/homepage/ 8. Inyunyana Yonjiniyela Bemishini Nogesi/Izinhlangano - Izinhlangano ze-SMEEI/CMEI(UDSI/SIMPLIT/SIDEA/SMART/BIT/PORINI/DRAVA)/ I-DRAVA eyingqayizivele yolayini wokukhiqiza esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obushayelwa amanzi - Izinhlangano ezihlanganisa onjiniyela abasebenza ngemishini, kagesi, nezinkambu ezihlobene. Iwebhusayithi http://www.siao.hr/ 9. I-Croatian Food Agency (Hrvatska agencija za hranu) - Ibhekele ukuphepha kokudla kanye nokuqiniswa kwamazinga emikhakheni yezwe yezolimo nokudla. Iwebhusayithi: https://www.haah.hr/ 10. I-Croatian Association for Public Relations (Hrvatska udruga za odnose s javnošću) - Inethiwekhi yobungcweti yabasebenzi bobudlelwane bomphakathi abakhuthaza imikhuba yokuziphatha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni. Iwebhusayithi: https://huo.hr/en/home-1 Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele, kodwa lunikeza umbono wezinye izinhlangano ezibalulekile zezimboni e-Croatia.

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

I-Croatia iyizwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, elaziwa ngogu lwalo oluhle eduze noLwandle i-Adriatic kanye namagugu acebile amasiko. Ngezansi amanye amawebhusayithi ezomnotho nezohwebo ahlobene neCroatia: 1. I-Croatian Chamber of Economy (Hrvatska Gospodarska Komora): I-Croatian Chamber of Economy yinhlangano yamabhizinisi ezimele ehlinzeka ngamasevisi ahlukahlukene ukuze isekele imisebenzi yezomnotho e-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikeza ulwazi ngemithetho yebhizinisi, amathuba okutshala imali, imibukiso yezohwebo, kanye nemicimbi yokuxhumana. Iwebhusayithi: www.hgk.hr/en 2. I-Croatian Agency for SMEs, Innovations and Investments (HAMAG-BICRO): I-HAMAG-BICRO iyisikhungo sikahulumeni esigxile ekwesekeni amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo (ama-SME), ukukhuthaza ukusungulwa, kanye nokuheha abatshalizimali e-Croatia. Banikela ngezinhlelo zezimali, izinsiza zokweluleka, amathuba okubambisana kwamanye amazwe, kanye nokufinyelela ezimalini ze-EU. Iwebhusayithi: www.hamagbicro.hr/en 3. Umnyango Wezomnotho, Wosomabhizinisi Nobuciko (Ministarstvo gospodarstva poduzetništva i obrta): Lo mnyango unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthuthukisa izinqubomgomo zezomnotho, ukukhuthaza amabhizinisi nezimboni zezandla e-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi yabo ihlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nezinzuzo zokutshala izimali, imithetho yebhizinisi, imibiko yocwaningo lwemakethe, izinhlelo zokugqugquzela ukuthekelisa. Iwebhusayithi: mgipu.gov.hr/homepage-36/36 4. I-InvestInCroatia - I-Croatian Investment Promotion Agency (CIPA): I-CIPA isebenza njengesikhungo sikahulumeni esinesibopho sokuheha utshalomali oluqondile lwangaphandle (i-FDI) ukuthi lungene e-Croatia. Isizindalwazi sabo sinikeza imininingwane mayelana namaphrojekthi okutshalwa kwezimali atholakala emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nemboni yezokuvakasha neyokwamukela izihambi noma umkhakha we-IT. Iwebhusayithi: www.investcroatia.gov.hr/en/homepage-16/16 5. Iphothali Yephromoshini Yokuthekelisa - I-Republic of Croatia (EPP-Croatia): I-EPP-Croatia inkundla ezinikele ekuthuthukiseni ukuthunyelwa kwe-Croatian emhlabeni wonke ngokunikeza ulwazi mayelana nezinkampani ezithumela kwamanye amazwe ezivela ezimbonini ezihlukene ngaphakathi kwe-Croatia. Iwebhusayithi: www.epp.hgk.hr/hp_en.htm Lawa mawebhusayithi kufanele akunikeze ukubuka konke okuphelele kwesimo sezomnotho nesohwebo e-Croatia, futhi anikeze izinsiza zokusekela amabhizinisi, abatshalizimali, nabathumela ngaphandle abanentshisekelo ezweni.

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

Nawa amanye amawebhusayithi lapho ungathola khona idatha yokuhweba yaseCroatia: 1. I-Croatian Bureau of Statistics (CBS) - Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-CBS inikeza isigaba sezibalo zohwebo lwangaphandle. Ungathola ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngokuthengwa kwamanye amazwe, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle, kanye nebhalansi yohwebo. Iwebhusayithi https://www.dzs.hr/Eng/ 2. I-TradeMap - Le webhusayithi inikeza ukufinyelela kwizibalo zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinkomba zokufinyelela ezimakethe zamazwe ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise neCroatia. Iwebhusayithi: https://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProductCountry_TS.aspx?nvpm=1%7c191%7c240%7c245%7cTOTAL+%28WORLD+%29&nv5p=1%7c241%7ctotal+trade&nv4p=1%lucctotal+inre9 ezithunyelwa ngaphandle 3. I-International Trade Center (ITC) - I-ITC inikeza isizindalwazi esivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baseshe izibalo zokungenisa nokuthekelisa ngezwe, umkhiqizo, noma unyaka eCroatia. Iwebhusayithi: http://trademap.org/(S(zpa0jzdnssi24f45ukxgofjo))/Country_SelCountry.aspx?nvpm=1|||||187|||2|1|2|2|(4)| I-FAROE ISLANDS&pType=H4#UNTradeLnk 4. I-Eurostat - Ihhovisi lezibalo le-European Union lihlinzeka ngemininingwane ephelele ngezinkomba zezomnotho ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezibalo zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe zaseCroatia. Iwebhusayithi: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?fedef_essnetnr=e4895389-36a5-4663-b168-d786060bca14&node_code=&lang=en 5. I-United Nations Comtrade Database - Lesi sizindalwazi sinikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe lwezinga lempahla ekuhwebeni kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe e-Croatia njengoba kubikwe amazwe angenisayo nathumelayo. Iwebhusayithi: https://comtrade.un.org/ Sicela wazi ukuthi amanye amawebhusayithi angadinga ukubhaliswa noma ukubhalisa ukuze afinyelele uhla lwawo oluphelele lwedatha yokuhweba.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

I-Croatia, izwe eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Europe, inezinkundla ezimbalwa ze-B2B ezibhekelela izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Nawa amanye amapulatifomu e-B2B avelele e-Croatia kanye namakheli abo ewebhusayithi: 1. I-Crotrade - I-Crotrade iyindawo yemakethe eku-inthanethi exhumanisa amabhizinisi ase-Croatia futhi ibavumele ukuthi bathenge futhi badayise imikhiqizo namasevisi. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.crotrade.com 2. I-Biznet.hr - I-Biznet.hr iyinkundla ekhethekile ye-B2B yemboni ye-IT e-Croatia. Ivumela izinkampani ukuthi zithuthukise izinsizakalo zazo ze-ICT nemikhiqizo, zithole abangaba ozakwethu, futhi zisebenzisane kumaphrojekthi. Iwebhusayithi http://www.biznet.hr 3. I-Energetika.NET - I-Energetika.NET iyinkundla ye-B2B ephelele enikezelwe emkhakheni wezamandla e-Croatia. Inikeza ulwazi mayelana nezindaba, imicimbi, amathenda, amathuba emisebenzi, ukuhlaziywa kwezimakethe, nokunye okwengeziwe embonini yezamandla. Iwebhusayithi: www.xxxx.com 4. I-Teletrgovina - I-Teletrgovina iyinkundla ehamba phambili ye-B2B yemishini yezokuxhumana e-Croatia. Amabhizinisi angathola imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-telecom njengamarutha, amaswishi, izintambo, ama-antenna, nokunye okwengeziwe kule nkundla evela kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene ezweni lonke. 5. I-HAMAG-BICRO Marketplace - I-HAMAG-BICRO (I-Croatian Agency for SMEs) ihlinzeka ngendawo yemakethe eku-inthanethi exhumanisa ama-SME aseCroatia nabathengi bangaphandle emhlabeni wonke ngemisebenzi yayo yokukhuthaza ezohwebo. 6.CrozillaBiz - I-CrozillaBiz inikezela ngengosi yezindawo ezithengiswayo ye-B2B eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izakhiwo zebhizinisi ezitholakalayo ukuze zithengiswe noma ziqashwe kulo lonke elase-Croatia. Qaphela: Sicela wazi ukuthi kuhlale kululeka ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma iyiphi yalezi zinkundla noma ukwenza noma yikuphi ukuthengiselana kwebhizinisi ngazo.
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