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Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
IColombia, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseColombia, iyizwe eliseNingizimu Melika. Ngomlando ocebile namasiko ahlukahlukene, iColombia ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isango eliya eNingizimu Melika." Ihlanganisa indawo elinganiselwa kumakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-1.14, ihlanganyela imingcele nePanama, iVenezuela, iBrazil, i-Ecuador kanye nePeru. Inhloko-dolobha yaseColombia yiBogotá. Isebenza njengesikhungo sezombangazwe nezomnotho sezwe. Ulimi olusemthethweni olukhulunywa e-Colombia iSpanishi, kodwa futhi kunezilimi zomdabu eziningi ezikhulunywa ezindaweni ezahlukene. IColombia inabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-50 okwenza izwe lesithathu elinabantu abaningi eLatin America. Abantu baseColombia baziwa ngemfudumalo yabo nokungenisa izihambi ezivakashini. I-geography yaseColombia iyahluka kakhulu kuzo zonke izifunda zayo. Kuyikhaya lezintaba ezimangalisayo ezihlanganisa izingxenye zezintaba ze-Andes ezihamba ngasohlangothini lwazo olusentshonalanga. Ubuhle bayo bemvelo buhlanganisa namabhishi ahlanzekile kuzo zombili iPacific Ocean kanye nogu loLwandle lweCaribbean. Uma sikhuluma ngokomnotho, ikhofi lidlala indima ebalulekile embonini yokuthekelisa yase-Colombia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iye yahlukahluka yaba imikhakha efana nokukhiqizwa kwe-petroleum, ukukhiqiza, izimayini kanye nezolimo. I-Colombia ibe nesabelo sayo sezinselelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kodwa yenze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekuzinzeni nasekuchumeni emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Kodwa-ke, usabhekene nezinkinga ezinjengokungalingani, inkohlakalo yezombangazwe, kanye nokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa. Uhulumeni wase-Colombia usaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuzikhandla emizamweni yokwakha ukuthula, ukubuyisana, nokubandakanywa komphakathi ezifundeni ezahlukene. Sengiphetha, i-colombia igqama ngenxa yokwehlukahlukana okumangalisayo kwamasiko, ubuhle bemvelo, abantu abafudumele, nemizamo eqhubekayo yokuletha ukuthula. Nakuba izinselele ziqhubeka, abantu baseColombia bayakwazi ukuqina futhi banethemba ngekusasa labo. Ngamadolobha ayo aqhakazile, izindawo ezinhle zomhlaba, imikhosi yamasiko, & okumnandi. cuisine, lesi sizwe esiyingqayizivele sinikeza okuthile kwawo wonke umuntu!
Imali Yezwe
Imali yaseColombia yiPeso yaseColombia (COP). Bekuyimali esemthethweni kusukela ngo-1837 futhi ivamise ukufanekiselwa yi-$. I-COP iza ngezinhlamvu zemali zamahlelo ahlukene, okuhlanganisa ama-50, 100, 200, kanye nama-peso angu-500. Amanothi atholakala ngamahlelo ka-1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000 futhi asanda kwethula amanani amasha aphezulu anjengokuthi:10.000;50.00;200.00;500.00. Izinga lokushintshisana kwe-peso yase-Colombian lingahluka uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezimali ezifana nedola laseMelika noma i-Euro. Kutuswa ukuthi uhlole izinga lokushintshanisa imali lamanje ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuthengiselana kwezezimali ukuze uthole ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi ingakanani imali yasendaweni ongayithola ngeyakho. Emadolobheni amakhulu ase-Colombia noma izindawo zezivakashi ezifana nezikhumulo zezindiza ze-Bogota noma i-Cartagena International kanye namabhange okuhweba anikezela ngezinsizakalo zokushintshanisa ngemali yangaphandle lapho abahambi bengaguqula imali yabo ibe yi-peso yase-Colombian. Amakhadi esikweletu amukelwa kabanzi ezindaweni eziningi ezinjengamahhotela, izindawo zokudlela, nenxanxathela yezitolo. Amakhadi esikweletu amukelwa kabanzi yi-Visa ne-Mastercard kodwa kuhlale kukuhle ukuba nemali ezitolo ezincane okungenzeka zingabi nayo le nketho. Sekukonke, i-peso yaseColombia iwuhlobo lwemali olusemthethweni olusetshenziswa kulo lonke elase-Colombia ngezinga lokushintshanisa ngemali elishintshayo uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zemali. Kungcono ukucwaninga amanani okushintshanisa amanje ngaphambi kokuvakasha kwakho uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ukheshi lapho uhamba e-Colombia.Izikhungo eziningi nazo ziyazamukela izinkokhelo zekhadi lesikweletu. ukuba nenhlanganisela yakho kokubili ukheshi nekhadi kungase kube yinzuzo ngesikhathi uhlala.Kunezinketho ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo kubavakashi bangaphandle abafisa ukuguqula imali yabo ibe yi-pesos ngenkathi bevakashela leli zwe elihle.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Imali esemthethweni yaseColombia yipeso yaseColombia (COP). Ngokuqondene nezilinganiso zokushintshanisa ngemali elinganiselwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zemali zomhlaba ezinkulu, sicela uthole ngezansi ezinye izibalo ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuthi amanani okushintshanisa ashintshashintsha njalo futhi angahluka ngokuya ngezinto eziningi: I-US Dollar (~ USD) = Cishe 3,900 kuya ku-4,000 i-Colombian Pesos (COP) I-Euro eyi-1 (~ EUR) = Cishe i-4,500 kuya ku-4,600 i-Colombian Pesos (COP) 1 British Pound Sterling (~ GBP) = Cishe 5,200 kuya ku-5,300 Colombian Pesos (COP) I-Canadian Dollar (~ CAD) = Cishe 3,000 kuya ku-3,100 Colombian Pesos (COP) I-Australian Dollar (~ AUD) = Cishe 2,800 kuya ku-2,900 Colombian Pesos (COP) Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lezi zibalo ziyizinkomba kuphela futhi zingase zingabonisi amanani okushintshanisa amanje. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole nemithombo ethembekile noma izikhungo zezezimali ukuze uthole ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela noma olusesikhathini samanje.
Amaholide Abalulekile
I-Colombia iyizwe elinamasiko aphilayo kanye namaholide amaningi abalulekile agujwa unyaka wonke. Nansi eminye imikhosi nemigubho ebalulekile e-Colombia: 1. Usuku Lokuzimela (Julayi 20th): I-Colombia igubha ukuzimela kwayo ngaphansi kombuso waseSpain ngalolu suku. Imikhosi ihlanganisa ama-parade, umculo wendabuko, imidlalo yokudansa, iziqhumane, namaphathi asemgwaqweni ezweni lonke. 2. I-Carnaval de Barranquilla (February/March): Lona omunye wemigubho ye-carnival emikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni, oqashelwa yi-UNESCO njengoBungcweti Bamafa Omlomo Nangaphatheki Obuntu. Ihlanganisa ama-parade anemibala entantayo, imidanso yendabuko efana ne-cumbia ne-mapalé, amakhonsathi omculo, nemvunulo enemininingwane. 3. I-Festival de la Leyenda Vallenata (April): Ebanjelwe edolobheni lase-Valledupar, le festiveli ibungaza umculo we-vallenato - uhlobo lwesintu lwendabuko lwase-Colombia oluqashelwa i-UNESCO njengeGugu Lesiko Lobuntu Elingaphatheki. Umkhosi lo uhlanganisa imincintiswano yabaculi abasemikhakheni etshiyeneyo. 4. I-Semana Santa (Isonto Elingcwele): Lo mgubho wenkolo wenzeka kulo lonke elaseColombia phakathi nesonto lePhasika eliholela eSonto lePhasika. Ihlanganisa udwendwe olubonisa izigcawu zeBhayibheli, imikhosi yezenkolo eqhutshwa emasontweni ezweni lonke. I-5.Cali Fair: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Feria de Cali, iba njalo ngo-December edolobheni lase-Cali - ethathwa njengenhloko-dolobha ye-salsa yase-Colombia. Lo mbukiso uhlanganisa imidanso eminingi evela kumaqembu endawo e-salsa kanye namakhonsathi, ama-carnival, nemicimbi yezokusubatha. 6.Día de los Muertos (Usuku Lwabafileyo) :Ngomhla zi-2 kuNovemba kuphawula leli holide eliyingqayizivele lapho abantu baseColombia bebuthana khona ukuze bahloniphe abathandekayo babo abashonile. inhloso iwukukhumbula amalungu omndeni ayigugu ashona ngesikhathi egubha ukuphila kwawo. 7.Amaholide Omphakathi: Abantu baseColombia baphinde bagubhe amaholide omphakathi okuhlanganisa noSuku LukaNcibijane(Januwari 1), Usuku Lwabasebenzi(Meyi 1), Usuku LukaKhisimusi(Disemba 25), phakathi kokunye. Le mikhosi namaholide ibonisa amagugu acebile amasiko e-Colombia futhi ayingxenye ebalulekile yobunikazi bayo bezwe.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
IColombia iyizwe eliseNingizimu Melika futhi laziwa ngomnotho walo ohlukahlukene. Isizwe sinesimo sokuhwebelana esinamandla, okukhona kokubili impahla ephuma emazweni angaphandle kanye nempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle edlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni komnotho waso. Njengezwe eligxile ekuthumeleni, i-Colombia ngokuyinhloko ithumela izimpahla ezinjengowoyela, amalahle, ikhofi, ubhanana, izimbali ezisikiwe, negolide. Lezi zimpahla zifaka isandla kakhulu emalini engenayo yesizwe yokuthekelisa. Imboni kawoyela yase-Colombia iphawuleka kakhulu njengoba ibala ingxenye enkulu yesamba esithunyelwa ngaphandle sezwe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nokugxila okwengeziwe ekuhlukaniseni iphothifoliyo yokuthekelisa yase-Colombia ngale kwemikhiqizo yendabuko. Uhulumeni ukhuthaze ngenkuthalo imikhakha okungeyona eyendabuko efana nezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe bolwazi kanye nokukhishwa kwezinqubo zebhizinisi ukuze kwandiswe amathuba ezimakethe emhlabeni jikelele. Mayelana nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, i-Colombia incike ezimpahleni ezahlukahlukene ezifana nemishini nezinto zokuhamba, amakhemikhali, izimpahla zabathengi ezifana ne-electronics nezingubo. I-United States isalokhu ingomunye wabalingani abakhulu bohwebo kukho kokubili ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle; nokho-ke, izwe libuye libe nobudlelwano obusebenzayo bokuhwebelana namazwe aseLatin America naseYurophu. Ukwengeza, i-Colombia ibambe iqhaza ezivumelwaneni zesifunda zokuhweba mahhala ukuze kukhuliswe amanani ayo okuhweba ngamazwe ngamazwe. Isizwe siyingxenye yesivumelwano sePacific Alliance esifaka iMexico Peru, neChile. Ihlose ukukhuthaza ukuhwebelana kwangaphakathi kwesifunda ngokunciphisa imigoqo yentela phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu. Kunezinselelo ezithile ezithinta amandla okuhweba aseColombia. Isibonelo, ingqalasizinda enganele ingaphazamisa ukuthuthwa kwempahla kuzo zonke izifunda.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zezenhlalo nezombusazwe ezifana nokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa noma ukukhathazeka ngokuvikeleka ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubangele ubungozi obuthinta ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe. -izinqubomgomo ezinobungane kanye nezinhlelo zokwakha ukuthula, ukusimamisa ukukhula komnotho okuzinzile. Sekukonke, isimo sezohwebo saseColombia siyaguquguquka ngamathuba okuhweba ahlukahlukene avela ezimbonini zonkana.Ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwezinsiza kanye nobudlelwano obunobuhlakani buzibeka kahle ezimakethe zomhlaba, okusiza ukukhula kwekusasa kwalesi sizwe saseNingizimu Melika.
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
I-Colombia, njengezwe eliseNingizimu Melika, inamandla amakhulu okuthuthukisa imakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle. Ngohlu oluhlukahlukene lwemithombo yemvelo, imikhiqizo yezolimo, kanye nomkhakha wokukhiqiza okhulayo, i-Colombia inamandla okuheha amabhizinisi omhlaba kanye nokwandisa amandla ayo okuthekelisa. Isici esisodwa esikhulu esinomthelela emandleni emakethe yezohwebo yangaphandle yaseColombia indawo yayo yezindawo. Ukutholakala eduze neNyakatho Melika nakwamanye amazwe aseLatin America kuvumela ukufinyelela okulula ezimakethe kulezi zifunda. Ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha ethuthuke kahle yezwe yenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla, okuyenza ibe isizinda esikahle semisebenzi yokusabalalisa. I-Colombia yaziwa ngokucebile kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nomhlabathi ovundile, okuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ehlukahlukene njengekhofi, ubhanana, izimbali ezisikiwe, nezithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo. Le mikhiqizo inesidingo esikhulu emhlabeni jikelele ngenxa yekhwalithi nokuhluka kwayo. Ngokuthuthukisa izinqubo zezolimo kanye nokutshala imali kubuchwepheshe obufana nokulima okunembayo noma izindlela zokutshala izinto eziphilayo, i-Colombia ingangena embonini yokudla okuphilayo futhi ihlinzekele abathengi abaqaphela impilo emhlabeni wonke. Ukwengeza, i-Colombia ibilokhu ibhekene nokukhula komnotho okuqhubekayo kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. Lokhu kukhula kuholele ekwandeni kwemali engenayo etholakalayo phakathi kwabathengi baseColombia manje abafuna izimpahla eziningi ezivela kwamanye amazwe ezivela emhlabeni jikelele. Lokhu kuveza ithuba izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezifuna izimakethe ezintsha zemikhiqizo noma amasevisi azo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhakha wezokukhiqiza waseColombia ubulokhu ukhula ngokushesha njengoba izinkampani zomhlaba wonke zenza izindawo zokukhiqiza ezweni ngenxa yezindleko zabasebenzi ezincintisanayo kanye nezinzuzo zikahulumeni. Ukukhiqiza izimoto, imboni yendwangu/izingubo (ikakhulukazi izingubo zemidlalo ezisebenzayo), ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha zobuchwepheshe eminye imikhakha ebonisa amandla amakhulu. Naphezu kwalokhu okulindelwe, kusenezinselele ezidinga ukubhekwana nazo njengezinqubo zokuphatha eziphathelene nezinqubo zokugunyazwa kwentela yempahla noma izingxoxo zebhizinisi nozakwabo bamazwe ngamazwe ezidinga ukuthuthukiswa obala. Ngaphezu kwalokho izinqubomgomo zentuthuko esimeme ezihlose ukulondoloza imithombo yemvelo enye inselele edinga ukunakwa kuyilapho igqugquzela ukwanda komnotho. Sengiphetha, kugqugquzelwa indawo evumayo kanye nenala yezinsiza zemvelo, ukubamba iqhaza okuphindaphindiwe kwe-Columbia kumaketanga okunikezela emhlabeni wonke kanye nokutholakala kwabasebenzi abanamakhono+ okwenziwa ukuze kube lula ukwenza ibhizinisi kuholela emathubeni okukhula emakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukukhula komnotho jikelele. Ngemizamo eqhubekayo evela kuhulumeni kanye nezinkampani ezizimele, amandla okuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yezohwebo yangaphandle yaseColombia ahlala ethembisa.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni imikhiqizo edumile yemakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle e-Colombia, kunezici ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe. I-Colombia inomnotho ohlukahlukene onezimboni ezahlukahlukene ezifana nezolimo, uwoyela negesi, izindwangu, nezimayini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izwe lisayine izivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala eziningi ezithuthukisa amathuba alo ohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Okunye okungagxilwa kukho ekukhethweni kwemikhiqizo yimpahla yezolimo. I-Colombia yaziwa ngokukhiqiza ubhontshisi wekhofi wekhwalithi ephezulu nezimbali. Le mikhiqizo inesidingo esiqinile samazwe ngamazwe futhi ingathengiswa ngempumelelo phesheya. Ngaphezu kwekhofi nezimbali, okunye ukuthengiswa kwezolimo okuvela e-Colombia kuhlanganisa ubhanana, ubhontshisi kakhokho, nezithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo. Enye indawo efanele ukucatshangelwa izindwangu nezingubo. I-Colombia inemboni yendwangu ephumelelayo ekhiqiza izingubo ezenziwe ngemicu yemvelo efana nekotini noma ilineni. Lo mkhakha unikeza amathuba angaba khona okuthumela izimpahla zokugqoka ezisemfashinini noma ezihlukile ngomklamo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yezimayini e-Colombia iveza amathuba okuhweba ngezimbiwa ezifana namalahle, igolide, isimaragidu noma i-nickel emazweni omhlaba. Ukuze ukhethe izinto ezithengiswa kakhulu phakathi kwalezi zimboni nanoma yimiphi eminye imikhakha oyithandayo, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo lwemakethe futhi uhlole izitayela zomhlaba ngokuhambisana namaphethini esidingo sasekhaya emazweni ahlukene. Izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe phakathi nale nqubo zihlanganisa ukuhlonza izimakethe eziqondiwe lapho kungase kube khona isidingo esiphezulu noma ukuncintisana okuncane kwemikhiqizo ethile; ukuhlola izidingo zabathengi; ukugxila ekuzinzeni; ukuqonda imithethonqubo esemthethweni mayelana nemikhawulo yokungenisa/yokuthekelisa; ukuhlola amakhono adingekayo ukuze kusekelwe imisebenzi yokuthekelisa; ukuhlaziya ukuncintisana kwentengo kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo efanayo emhlabeni jikelele. Ukwengeza,, ukusungula ubudlelwano nabakhiqizi/abakhiqizi bendawo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okungaguquki nakho kungathuthukisa ukukhanga kwemikhiqizo ekhethiwe phakathi kwabathengi baphesheya. Kafushane, ukugxila ezimpahleni zezolimo njengekhofi noma izimbali kanye nezindwangu/izingubo ezihlanganisa imiklamo ehlukile kungaba yinzuzo lapho kukhethwa izinto ezithengiswa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwemakethe yohwebo yangaphandle yase-Colombia . Nokho, ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo, ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo efanele kufanele kusekelwe ocwaningweni olunzulu lwemakethe, okuthandwa ngamakhasimende, izitayela, amaphethini okufunwayo, nokucatshangelwa okungokomthetho okuphathelene nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngenkathi kusetshenziswa la masu, kuzobonakala kufaneleka ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano nabakhiqizi bendawo kanye nokubambelela kulokho. izinyathelo zokulawula izinga.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
I-Colombia, izwe eliseNingizimu Melika, linezici zalo eziyingqayizivele zamakhasimende kanye nezithiyo okufanele zicatshangelwe. Izici Zekhasimende: 1. Ukufudumala Nobuntu: Abantu baseColombia bayabazisa ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu futhi babeka phambili ukwakha ukwethembana nabanye. Bayakwazisa ukusebenzisana okunobungane futhi ngokuvamile bakhetha ukwenza ibhizinisi nabantu ababaziyo noma abakhe ubuhlobo nabo. 2. Okugxile emndenini: Umndeni udlala indima ebalulekile kusiko lase-Colombia, ngakho-ke izincomo zomndeni nemibono inomthelela omkhulu ezinqumweni zokuthenga. 3. Ukubaluleka Kokubukeka: Abantu baseColombia bagcizelela kakhulu ukuzilungisa nokugqoka komuntu siqu. Ukugqoka kahle kuvame ukubonakala njengophawu lokuzihlonipha wena nabanye, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zebhizinisi. 4. Isiko Lokuxoxisana: Ukuxoxisana noma ukuxoxisana ngezintengo kuvamile kumakhasimende aseColombia, ikakhulukazi ezimakethe zendawo noma lapho uthenga izinto zenani eliphezulu. 5. Ukwethembeka Okuqinile: Uma ukwethenjwa sekuzuziwe, abantu baseColombia bavame ukuba amakhasimende athembeke ngokwedlulele abazisa ubudlelwano besikhathi eside nezinkampani. Ama-taboos: 1. Gwema ukuxoxa ngezihloko ezibucayi njengepolitiki noma ezenkolo kuze kube yilapho usuwakhe ubuhlobo obuseduze obakhelwe phezu kokwethembana. 2.Izingxoxo eziphathelene nomsebenzi phakathi nemicimbi yomphakathi zingase zingamukelwe kahle abantu baseColombia njengoba ngokuvamile bekhetha ukugcina izindaba zomsebenzi zihlukene nokusebenzelana komuntu siqu. 3.Ungaphawuli kabi ngamasiko, amasiko, noma amasiko aseColombia njengoba kungathathwa njengokucasulayo. 4.Gwema izinkinga zokugcina isikhathi njengoba abantu baseColombia ngokuvamile bekwazisa ukugcina isikhathi kokubili emibuthanweni yokuzijabulisa kanye nemihlangano yebhizinisi. Ukuqonda lezi zici zekhasimende kuzosiza amabhizinisi ahlele indlela yawo ukuze ahlanganyele kangcono namakhasimende ase-Colombia ngokuphumelelayo kuyilapho ekhumbula izithiyo zamasiko zokuqinisekisa ukubambisana okuphumelelayo kuyakhuthazwa.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
Ukuphathwa Kwempahla Neziqondiso e-Colombia I-Colombia, eseNingizimu Melika, inokuphatha nemithethonqubo ethile abahambi okufanele bayiqaphele lapho bengena noma bephuma ezweni. Le mithethonqubo ihlose ukulawula ukuhamba kwezimpahla kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe. Okokuqala, zonke izivakashi kufanele ziveze ipasipoti evumelekile lapho zifika eColombia. Iphasiphothi kufanele okungenani ibe nezinyanga eziyisithupha zokusebenza ezisele kusukela ngosuku lokungena. Ukwengeza, abanye abantu bangaphandle bangadinga i-visa ngaphambi kokuya eColombia. Kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi ubuzwe bakho budinga i-visa futhi uyithole uma kunesidingo. Mayelana nomthwalo, wonke umhambi kufanele agcwalise ifomu lesimemezelo sezimpahla lapho efika e-Colombia. Leli fomu lihlanganisa ulwazi mayelana nezinto ezilethwa ezweni, njengezimpahla zomuntu siqu nanoma yiziphi izimpahla ezihloselwe izinjongo zokuthengisa. Kubalulekile ukumemezela ngokunembile zonke izinto ukuze ugweme noma yiziphi izinkinga ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. I-Colombia ibeka imingcele ezintweni ezithile ezingangeniswa noma zithunyelwe zisuka ezweni ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokukhathazeka ngezempilo noma ukulondolozwa kwamasiko. Izibonelo zifaka izibhamu, izidakamizwa, izimpahla zomgunyathi, ama-archaeological artifact, nemikhiqizo yezilwane ezisengozini. Abahambi kufanele bazijwayeze nalezi zinto ezikhawulelwe kusengaphambili ukuze bavimbele noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingokomthetho. Izikhulu zeCustoms zihlola ngokungahleliwe noma ngokusekelwe ekusoleni ezikhumulweni zezindiza nakwezinye izindawo zokungena e-Colombia. Lokhu kuhlola kuhilela imishini ye-X-ray kanye nokuhlolwa kwemithwalo ngesandla. Ukubambisana nezikhulu kubalulekile phakathi nalolu hlelo ngokunikeza ulwazi oluqotho lapho kubuzwa imibuzo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunemikhawulo ethile yezibonelelo zamahhala zezinto ezithile ezilethwe e-Colombia ngaphandle kokukhokha izintela noma imisebenzi. Le mikhawulo isebenza eziphuzweni ezidakayo, emikhiqizweni kagwayi, izinto zikagesi, ubucwebe, phakathi kokunye. Sengiphetha, ukunakwa okufanele kufanele kunikezwe ngenkathi kungena noma ukuphuma eColombia mayelana nohlelo lwabo lokuphatha amasiko. Ukuqaphela le mithetho kuzoqinisekisa izinqubo zokungena noma zokusuka ezishelelayo kuyilapho ugwema noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingokomthetho.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
Inqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa yaseColombia ihlose ukulawula ukungena kwezimpahla ezweni nokuvikela izimboni zasekhaya. Izwe likhokhisa intela yokungenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe emikhiqizweni eyahlukene ngokusekelwe ekuhlukaniseni kwayo ngaphansi kohlelo oluhlanganisa i-Andean Community Harmonised System. I-Colombia ngokuvamile isebenzisa izintengo ze-ad valorem, ezibalwa njengephesenti yenani lomkhiqizo. Amanani entengo ayahluka kuye ngohlobo lwezimpahla ezingenisiwe. Isibonelo, ukudla okuyisisekelo okunjengokolweni, irayisi, nommbila kunezindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpahla zikanokusho njengezimoto noma izinto zikagesi. Ukwengeza, i-Colombia isebenzisa uhlelo lwentela olunezigaba ezintathu: olukhethwayo, olujwayelekile, nolungavamile. Izintela ezikhethwayo zisetshenziswa emazweni lapho i-Colombia inezivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala (FTAs), enikeza amanani ancishisiwe noma ukukhululwa emikhiqizweni ethile. Kusukela manje, iColombia inama-FTA anamazwe afana ne-United States neMexico. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Colombia ingase isebenzise izintela ezikhethekile ezengeziwe ezibizwa ngokuthi "izintela zokusetshenziswa ezithile" ezintweni ezithile ezifana notshwala, imikhiqizo kagwayi, nokungeniswa kukaphethiloli. Lezi zintela zihlose ukunqanda ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile ngenkathi zifaka imali kuhulumeni. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi kuye ngemvelaphi noma inhloso yabo ngaphakathi kwemikhakha yezomnotho eqokiwe efakwe esigabeni esithi Special Customs Zones (Zonas Francas) noma Free Trade Zones (Zonas de Libre Comercio), okunye ukungenisa ezweni kungase kuzuze ekukhululweni ingxenye noma okuphelele ezindlekweni zokungenisa ezweni. Sekukonke, inqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa yase-Colombia ibhalansisa evikela izimboni zasekhaya ngokukhuthaza ubudlelwano bohwebo bamazwe ngamazwe ngezivumelwano ezikhethwayo. Ihlose ukungenisela uhulumeni imali ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukuncintisana okufanelekile ezimakethe zasekhaya ngokulawula impahla evela kwamanye amazwe ngempumelelo.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
Inqubomgomo yentela yokuthekelisa yaseColombia ihlose ukukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho kanye nokukhulisa ukuncintisana ezimakethe zomhlaba. Izwe selisebenzise izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ngokuvamile, i-Colombia ayikhokhisi izintela zokuthekelisa emikhiqizweni eminingi. Lesi sinqumo sibonisa isu likahulumeni lokuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuhwebelana. Nokho, kukhona okuhlukile okumbalwa lapho izimpahla ezithile zingaphansi kwentela yokuthekelisa. Okunye okunjalo ukuthunyelwa kwamalahle kwamanye amazwe. I-Colombia ingelinye lamalahle amakhulu kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, futhi isebenzisa i-ad valorem royalty ekuthunyelweni kwamalahle kwamanye amazwe ngokusekelwe enanini lawo lamazwe ngamazwe. Iphesenti liyahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezifana nekhwalithi nezimo zemakethe. Okunye okuhlukile okuphawulekayo ama-emerald, angaphansi kwemithetho ethile yentela ehloselwe ukusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yendawo. Abathumeli bangaphandle bama-emerald kufanele bahambisane nezinqubo ezithile futhi bakhokhe imali esekelwe enanini lomkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo yezolimo ingase ibhekane nemikhawulo yenhlanzeko noma ye-phytosanitary lapho ithunyelwa isuka e-Colombia ngenxa yezivumelwano zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe noma ukukhathazeka kwezempilo emazweni angenisayo. Ukuthobela le mithetho kungase kuhlanganise izindleko ezengeziwe noma izidingo zabathumeli bangaphandle. Sekukonke, i-Colombia yamukele inqubomgomo yentela yokuthekelisa evumayo njengengxenye yemizamo yayo yokukhuthaza ukwanda kwezohwebo. Ngokususa noma ngokugcina izintela zokuthekelisa ziphansi ezimpahleni eziningi, uhulumeni uhlose ukukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho nokuheha utshalomali kuyilapho eqinisekisa ukuthi imikhakha ethile ithobela imithetho yezimali edingekayo.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
IColombia yizwe eliseNingizimu Melika elaziwa ngesiko lalo elicebile, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, kanye nomnotho okhulayo. Uhulumeni wase-Colombia usebenzise inqubo eqinile yesitifiketi sokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokuhambisana kwemikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle ivela ezweni. Isitifiketi sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe siyadingeka ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ezolimo, ezokukhiqiza, namakhemikhali. Inqubo ibandakanya izinyathelo eziningi zokuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe futhi ithobela imithetho ebekwe ngamazwe angenisayo. Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yesitifiketi sokuthekelisa ukuthola Isitifiketi Somsuka. Lo mbhalo uqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uvela e-Colombia futhi unikeza ulwazi mayelana nokwakheka kwawo noma indlela yokukhiqiza. Iqinisekisa abathengi ukuthi bathenga izimpahla zangempela zaseColombia. Okulandelayo, abathumeli kwamanye amazwe kufanele bathobele izindinganiso zekhwalithi ezithile ezisebenza embonini yabo. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yezolimo idinga ukuhlangabezana nemithetho eqinile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, izindlela zokulima ngokwemvelo, nokuphepha kokudla. Abakhiqizi kudingeka babambelele ezinyathelweni zokulawula ikhwalithi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha zomhlaba wonke. Uma imikhiqizo isithathwa njengethobelana nemithethonqubo esebenzayo kanye namazinga ekhwalithi, ihlolwa izinhlangano ezigunyaziwe ezifana Nomnyango Wezolimo noma I-Institute of Standards and Certification (ICONTEC). Lezi zinhlangano zenza ukuhlola kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza noma yokukhiqiza. Kuya ngohlobo lomkhiqizo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, izitifiketi ezengeziwe zingadingeka njengezitifiketi ze-phytosanitary zempahla yezolimo noma izitifiketi ezifakazela ukuthobela imithetho ethile eqondene nemboni efana ne-ISO 9000 yezinkampani ezikhiqizayo. Ekugcineni, uma zonke izitifiketi ezidingekayo sezitholwe ngempumelelo; abathumeli bangaphandle bangafaka isicelo Selayisense Yokuthekelisa nge-DIAN (Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales), ebanikeza imvume yokuthekelisa ngokusemthethweni izimpahla zabo zisuka e-Colombia. Sengiphetha, ukuthola isitifiketi sokuthekelisa e-Colombia kubandakanya izinqubo eziphelele eziqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokuthola lezi zitifiketi zemikhiqizo yabo; Amabhizinisi aseColombia angathola ukwethembeka emhlabeni jikelele kuyilapho enikeza isiqinisekiso mayelana nobuqiniso bemvelaphi yomkhiqizo kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza zekhwalithi ephezulu. (Qaphela: Isibalo samagama asifaki isingeniso)
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
IColombia yizwe eliseNingizimu Melika, elaziwa ngokucebile kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, isiko elinempilo, kanye nomnotho okhulayo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-Colombia yenze inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo ekuthuthukiseni ingqalasizinda yayo yezokuthutha ukuze isekele imisebenzi yayo yohwebo ekhulayo. Nazi ezinye zezici ezibalulekile zezincomo ze-logistics zase-Colombia: 1. Amachweba kanye Nezikhumulo Zezindiza: I-Colombia inamachweba amaningana amakhulu asebenza njengamasango abalulekile ohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ichweba laseCartagena liyichweba elikhulu kunawo wonke ezweni futhi lisebenza njengendawo ebalulekile yokuthutha eLatin America. Ichweba laseBuenaventura lingelinye ichweba elibalulekile ogwini lwePacific elixhumeke kahle kakhulu e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika. Ngaphezu kwamachweba, i-Colombia inezikhumulo zezindiza ezixhumeke kahle njenge-El Dorado International Airport e-Bogota kanye ne-Jose Maria Cordova International Airport e-Medellin, ezenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kwempahla yomoya. 2. Uxhaxha Lwemigwaqo: Uxhaxha lwemigwaqo yaseColombia luthuthukiswe kakhulu eminyakeni edlule, okwenza kube lula ukuthutha impahla ngaphakathi ezweni. I-Pan-American Highway ixhumanisa amadolobha amakhulu ezifundeni ezahlukene zase-Colombia, ihlinzeka ngoxhumano olungenamthungo lwemisebenzi yezokuthutha. 3. Ama-Logistics Hubs: Amahabhu okuthutha amaningana avele ezifundeni ezahlukene zase-Colombia ukuze abhekane nesidingo esikhulayo sezindawo zokugcina nokusabalalisa. Lawa mahubhu anikezela ngezinsizakalo ezididiyelwe ezifana nokugcina impahla, ukupakisha, ukulebula, ukugunyazwa kwempahla, kanye nezixazululo zezinto zokuhamba. 4. Izindawo Zohwebo Ezikhululekile: I-Colombia iqoke Izindawo Zohwebo Ezikhululekile (ama-FTZ) ezinikeza izinzuzo zentela kanye nokufinyelela kalula ezimakethe zangaphandle noma ukungenisa impahla eluhlaza ngezindleko ezincishisiwe. Izinkampani ezisebenza ngaphakathi kwama-FTZ zingajabulela izinqubo ezilula zezinqubo zentela kanye nemithwalo ephansi yokuphatha. 5.Izivumelwano Zohwebo Zamazwe Ngamazwe: Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubudlelwano bohwebo bomhlaba ngokuqhubekayo, iColombia iyingxenye yezivumelwano zokuhwebelana eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe njengePacific Alliance (neMexico, I-Peru neChile), iMercosur (ne-Argentina, I-Brazil & Paraguay), kanye ne-Andean Community Pact (ye-Bolivia, Ecuador&Peru). Lezi zivumelwano zenza kube lula ukuhamba kwezimpahla phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu anezithiyo zohwebo ezincishisiwe. 6.Ubuchwepheshe Nokwenza Idijithali: I-Colombia yamukele ubuchwepheshe emkhakheni wayo wezokuthutha, okuholela ekwenyukeni kokusebenza kahle kanye nokwenza izinto obala. Ukusetshenziswa kwamapulatifomu edijithali kuvumela ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela kokuthunyelwa, ukuphathwa okungcono kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, nokuxhumana okuthuthukisiwe phakathi kwababambe iqhaza abahlukahlukene. Lezi zincomo zokuhlela zibonisa ukuzibophezela kwe-Colombia ekuthuthukiseni ingqalasizinda eqinile esekela ukuhamba kahle kwezimpahla ngaphakathi kwezwe kanye nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngendawo yayo enamasu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kwezokuthutha, i-Colombia kancane kancane iba umdlali ovelele kunethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke ye-supply chain.
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-Colombia, eseNingizimu Melika, inikeza iziteshi ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuthenga zamazwe ngamazwe nemibukiso yohwebo yamabhizinisi afuna ukwandisa amathuba awo okuthenga. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iColombia iye yabhekana nokukhula komnotho okuphawulekayo futhi isiphenduke imakethe ekhangayo yabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Ngezansi ezinye izindlela ezibalulekile ukuze abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe bazihlole: 1. I-Colombian Association of International Non-Traditional Suppliers (ACOPI): I-ACOPI yinhlangano ehlonishwa kakhulu esebenzela ukukhulisa imikhakha okungeyona eyendabuko yase-Colombia emhlabeni jikelele. Benza ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwabahlinzeki baseColombia nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezindwangu, imisebenzi yezandla, ifenisha, nokuningi. 2. I-ProColombia: I-ProColombia yisikhungo sikahulumeni esinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphromotha uhwebo lwangaphandle, ukutshalwa kwezimali, ezokuvakasha, kanye nemikhiqizo yezwe e-Colombia. Bahlela imicimbi eminingana unyaka wonke emhlabeni wonke ukuze babonise imikhiqizo yase-Colombia futhi baxhumanise abahlinzeki bendawo nabathengi bomhlaba. 3. Izinkundla Zokufanisa Ibhizinisi: Lezi zinkundla zinikeza amathuba amahle kakhulu okuxhumana kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna abahlinzeki baseColombia noma ozakwethu bamasu. Izigungu zasendaweni zezentengiselwano zivame ukuhlela imicimbi enjalo lapho amabhizinisi ekwazi ukuhlangana nabantu abangaba ozakwethu ubuso nobuso. 4. I-Expominas Fair: Lo mbukiso wezohwebo waminyaka yonke obanjelwa e-Bogota uheha ababukisi bamazwe ngamazwe nabamazwe ngamazwe abavela ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene njengezinto zokwakha, izinto zokusebenza zemishini, izindwangu/izimpahla zemboni yezimpahla nezinto zokusebenza njll. Uhlinzeka ngenkundla ekahle ochwepheshe bezamabhizinisi ukuxhumana nabo. ochwepheshe bezimboni futhi bathole amathuba amasha ebhizinisi. 5. I-ExpoCamello: Igxile emkhakheni wezandla ikakhulukazi, lo mbukiso usebenza njengenkundla ebanzi ehlanganisa ama-artisan avela kulo lonke elase-Colombia namakhasimende kazwelonke nawamazwe ngamazwe anentshisekelo emisebenzini yezandla yendabuko efana nobumba, izindwangu, ukwenza ubucwebe njll. 6. I-Andina Link: Njengomunye wemibukiso yezokuxhumana evelele kakhulu yaseLatin America oba minyaka yonke eCartagena de Indias; ihlanganisa abadlali bemboni abakhulu ababonisa ubuchwepheshe babo bakamuva obuhlobene nezinsizakalo zokusakaza okuhlanganisa nabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zesathelayithi nabo. 7. I-FITAC - I-CIATI International Fair on Foreign Trade & Customs Management: Lo mbukiso ugxile ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe, ekuphathweni kwentela, ukuhanjiswa kwezimpahla, kanye nezinsiza ezihlobene. Inikeza inkundla ebalulekile yochwepheshe bemboni ukuxoxa ngezitayela ezintsha nezinto ezintsha ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe. 8. I-Feria Internacional de Bogotá (FIB): Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-International Trade Fair yase-Bogota, i-FIB ingomunye wemibukiso yezohwebo edume kakhulu e-Latin America. Ukumboza izimboni ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezolimo, ubuchwepheshe, imfashini, amandla avuselelekayo njll. kuheha izinkulungwane zababukisi bamazwe ngamazwe nabamazwe ngamazwe abafuna ukukhombisa imikhiqizo yabo nokwandisa amanethiwekhi abo ebhizinisi. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi ngenxa yobhubhane lomhlaba wonke lwe-COVID-19, imibukiso eminingi yezohwebo nemicimbi kungenzeka ukuthi ihlehlisiwe noma yaguqulwa yaba amafomethi abonakalayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi bahlale benolwazi lwakamuva mayelana nemicimbi ezayo e-Colombia. Sengiphetha, iColombia inikezela ngemigudu eminingi ebalulekile kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna amathuba okuthenga. Lezi zinkundla zinikeza ukuchayeka kubahlinzeki baseColombia emikhakheni ehlukahlukene futhi zinikeza izindlela zokuxhumana ezanele zokwanda kwebhizinisi ezweni.
E-Colombia, izinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa yilezi: 1. I-Google - Injini yokusesha edume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, i-Google isetshenziswa kakhulu naseColombia. Ingatholakala ku-www.google.com.co. 2. I-Bing - Enye injini yokusesha esetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele, i-Bing nayo idumile e-Colombia. Ingatholakala ku-www.bing.com. 3. I-Yahoo - Usesho lwe-Yahoo lusetshenziswa abantu abaningi baseColombia ekusesheni kwabo ku-inthanethi. Ingatholakala ku-www.search.yahoo.com. 4. I-DuckDuckGo - Yaziwa ngokubeka phambili ubumfihlo babasebenzisi, i-DuckDuckGo isizuze ukuduma phakathi kwabantu abakhathazeke ngokuvikeleka kwabo ku-inthanethi e-Colombia futhi. Ingafinyelelwa ku-duckduckgo.com. 5. I-Yandex – I-Yandex iyinjini yokusesha yase-Russian esithole ukuduma okuthile ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Latin America, okuhlanganisa ne-Colombia ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okwasendaweni namasevisi. Ungayifinyelela ku-yandex.ru. 6 I-Ecosia- Le njini yokusesha eyingqayizivele itshala izihlahla ngakho konke ukusesha okwenziwa kusetshenziswa inkundla yayo eye yaheha abasebenzisi abaqaphela imvelo e-Colombia kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele. Ungayithola ku-ecosia.org 7 I-SearchEncrypt- Ifana ne-DuckDuckGo, i-SearchEncrypt ithembisa ubumfihlo obuthuthukisiwe kanye nolwazi oluvikelekile lokusesha. Iletha imiphumela ebethelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ungafinyelela kuyo ku-www.searchencrypt.com Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lolu hlu luhlanganisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa kodwa kungase kube nezinye izinjini zokusesha zasendaweni noma ezikhethekile ezitholakala e-Colombia ezibhekelela izidingo ezithile noma izintshisekelo zabantu ngabanye ngaphakathi kwemingcele yezwe.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

I-Colombia, eseNingizimu Melika, inezinkomba ezimbalwa ezinkulu zekhasi eliphuzi ezingasetshenziswa ukuthola amabhizinisi nezinkonzo. Nazi ezinye ezivelele kanye namawebhusayithi ahambisanayo: 1. PaginasAmarillas.co (Yellow Pages Colombia) - www.paginasamarillas.com.co Lena enye yezinkomba ze-inthanethi eziphelele kakhulu e-Colombia. Ihlanganisa imikhakha ehlukahlukene njengezindawo zokudlela, amahhotela, izinsiza zobuchwepheshe, izikhungo zezempilo, nokuningi. 2. AmarillasInternet.com - www.amarillasinternet.com/colombia I-Amarillas Internet inikeza amabhizinisi inkundla yokwenza amaphrofayili ebhizinisi futhi akhangise ngezinsizakalo zawo. Kuhlanganisa ukufakwa kuhlu kwezimboni ezihlukahlukene njengezokuthengisa, ezezimoto, ezokwakha, nokunye. 3. Proveedores.com (Suppliers Directory) - www.proveedores.com/colombia I-Proveedores inikezela ngohla lwemibhalo olubanzi lwabahlinzeki nabakhiqizi e-Colombia emikhakheni ehlukene njengezimboni zendwangu, imishini nemishini, amakhemikhali nezimboni zepulasitiki. 4. Directorio de Negocios en Colombia (Inqolobane Yebhizinisi LaseColombia) - www.directorionegocios.com/colombia Lolu hlu lwemibhalo lugxile ekuxhumaniseni osomabhizinisi nabanikazi bamabhizinisi ngaphakathi kwe-Colombia. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baseshe amabhizinisi athile noma baphequlule izigaba ezifana nezinkampani zezezimali nezomshwalense noma izikhungo zokumaketha. 5. I-Guas Local (I-Local Guides) - https://www.guiaslocal.co/ I-Guas Local iwumhlahlandlela eku-inthanethi obala izitolo zasendaweni nezinsiza ezahlukahlukene kuwo wonke amadolobha ase-Colombia njenge-Bogotá Cartagena Medellín Barranquilla Cali phakathi kwamanye. Lawa makhasi aphuzi anikeza izindlela ezilula zokuthola imininingwane yokuxhumana yamabhizinisi endawo ezweni lonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna isincomo sendawo yokudlela noma ufuna ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wesevisi ochwepheshe noma umhlinzeki wesevisi e-Colombia lezi zinkomba zizokusiza ekutholeni ulwazi olufanele kahle.

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

IColombia, njengomnotho okhula ngokushesha eLatin America, ibone ukwanda okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwamapulatifomu e-e-commerce. Izwe linikeza izinkundla zokuthenga ezithembekile nezidumile ezihlinzeka ngezidingo zabathengi ezahlukahlukene. Nawa amanye amapulatifomu amakhulu e-e-commerce eColombia kanye namawebhusayithi awo afanele: 1. MercadoLibre Colombia - Mercadolibre.com.co Njengoba ingesinye sezimakethe ezinkulu ze-e-commerce eLatin America, iMercadoLibre ihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo eminingi emikhakheni eyahlukene okuhlanganisa okogesi, okokugqoka, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, nokunye. 2. Linio - Linio.com.co I-Linio iyindawo yemakethe ye-inthanethi eyaziwa kakhulu enikezela ngokukhethwa okubanzi kwemikhiqizo esukela kumfashini nobuhle kuye ezintweni zikagesi zasendlini nobuchwepheshe. 3. Falabella - Falabella.com.co I-Falabella ayilona nje kuphela elinye lamaketanga esitolo somnyango wezitini nodaka ezihamba phambili e-Colombia kodwa futhi isebenza njengenkundla ye-inthanethi lapho amakhasimende engathenga khona izinto ezihlukahlukene njengezingubo, ifenisha, izinto zikagesi, nokunye. 4. I-Lentesplus - Lentesplus.com.co Igxile ngokukhethekile emikhiqizweni yezingubo zamehlo njengamalensi okuxhumana nezibuko, i-Lentesplus inikeza inkundla elula yamakhasimende ukuthenga izinto ezihlobene nombono ngamanani ancintisanayo. 5. Dafiti Colombia - Dafiti.com.co I-Dafiti igxile ekudayiseni ngemfashini ngokuhlinzeka ngeqoqo elibanzi lezingubo zabesilisa nabesifazane kanye nezicathulo nezinsiza ezivela ezinkampanini ezidumile. 6. Jumbo Colombia - Jumbo.com.co I-Jumbo isebenza njengesitolo segrosa esiku-inthanethi esivumela amakhasimende ukuthi a-ode kalula igrosa ukuze ilethwe noma ilandwe endaweni eseduze yesitolo sawo. 7. I-Éxito Virtual (Grupo Éxito) – ExitoVirtual.Com.Co/ Inkundla ye-virtual ye-Grupo Éxito inikezela ngemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kusukela ezitolo kuya ezintweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo noma izinto ezibalulekile zasendlini ngewebhusayithi yabo. 8. Alkosto - alkosto.com I-Alkosto yaziwa ngokuhlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimpahla zikagesi ezifana nomabonakude, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, ama-smartphone kanye nezinto zikagesi nezinto zasendlini. 9. Isitolo se-Avianca - Avianca.com/co/es/avianca-store I-Avianca, enye yezinkampani zezindiza ezinkulu zase-Colombia, isebenzisa isitolo se-inthanethi esivumela abahambi ukuthi bathenge imikhiqizo ehlobene nokuvakasha ehlanganisa imithwalo, izinto zikagesi, nezinsiza. Lezi zinkundla ze-e-commerce zithole ukuduma nokwethenjwa phakathi kwabathengi baseColombia ngenxa yezinsizakalo zabo ezinokwethenjelwa kanye nenhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo enikelwayo. Khumbula ukuthi amawebhusayithi ashiwo angase abe ngaphansi kwezinguquko noma izandiso ezenziwe zasendaweni (.co) eziqondene nesizinda sase-Colombia.

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

I-Colombia, izwe elinempilo yaseNingizimu Melika, inoxhaxha lwezinkundla zokuxhumana ezisetshenziswa izakhamuzi zakhona ukuxhumana nokuxhumana nabanye. Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezidumile e-Colombia: 1. I-Facebook - Njengenye yezinkundla ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, i-Facebook idume kakhulu naseColombia. Abantu bayisebenzisela ukwabelana ngezibuyekezo, izithombe, amavidiyo, nokuxhumana nabangane nomndeni: www.facebook.com. 2. I-Instagram - Yaziwa ngokugcizelela kwayo okubukwayo ekwabelaneni ngezithombe namavidiyo, i-Instagram isithole ukuduma okubalulekile e-Colombia. Abasebenzisi babelana ngezikhathi zabo siqu futhi bahlole okuqukethwe kwabanye: www.instagram.com. 3. I-WhatsApp - Uhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo ngeselula olusetshenziswa kakhulu abantu baseColombia ezingxoxweni zabo ngabanye noma ukuxhumana kweqembu kuwo wonke amadivaysi ahlukahlukene: www.whatsapp.com. 4. Twitter - Inkundla ye-microblogging lapho abasebenzisi bangathumela khona imiyalezo emifushane ebizwa ngokuthi "ama-tweets." Abantu baseColombia basebenzisa i-Twitter ukulandela ukubuyekezwa kwezindaba, ukuxoxa ngezindaba zamanje, nokuxhumana nabathonya: www.twitter.com. 5. I-LinkedIn - Inkundla yokuxhumana yobungcweti eku-inthanethi esetshenziswa abantu baseColombia ukuze bakhe ukuxhumana kwabo okuchwepheshile futhi babonise impumelelo yomsebenzi wabo: www.linkedin.com. 6. I-Snapchat - Idumile phakathi kwesizukulwane esisha e-Colombia esijabulela ukwabelana ngezithombe zesikhashana noma amavidiyo aziwa ngokuthi "ama-snaps" nontanga yaso: www.snapchat.com. 7. I-TikTok - Inkundla yezokuxhumana eya ngokuya iduma evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe ukuvumelanisa izindebe ezimfushane noma amavidiyo omdanso azuze ukuthandwa yintsha yase-Colombia: www.tiktok.com. 8. I-Twitch - Igxile kakhulu emidlalweni yevidiyo esakazwa bukhoma kodwa futhi ihlanganisa ukusakazwa okuhlobene nokusakazwa komculo, ukudalwa kokuqukethwe kobuciko (umsebenzi wobuciko noma amaphrojekthi we-DIY), izinhlelo zezingxoxo, njll., eziheha abadali bokuqukethwe base-Colombia nezibukeli ngokufanayo :www.twitch.tv 9. I-YouTube - Inkundla yokwabelana ngamavidiyo lapho abantu base-Colombia bebuka okuqukethwe okukhiqizwa umsebenzisi okufana nama-vlog, amavidiyo omculo, okokufundisa noma ukufinyelela okokufundisa okuvela kubadali bendawo kanye namathrendi emhlabeni jikelele :www.youtube.com Khumbula ukuthi lolu hlu aluphelele, futhi kungase kube nezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana zasendaweni noma zesifunda ezidumile e-Colombia. Kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi mayelana nezitayela zakamuva kanye nentuthuko endaweni yenkundla yezokuxhumana yezwe.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

IColombia, eseNingizimu Melika, inomnotho ohlukahlukene onemikhakha eyahlukene yezimboni. Nazi ezinye zezinhlangano eziyinhloko zezimboni e-Colombia namawebhusayithi azo: 1. I-National Association of Entrepreneurs of Colombia (ANDI) - I-ANDI imele izintshisekelo zosomabhizinisi base-Colombia futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi emikhakheni ehlukene. Iwebhusayithi https://www.andi.com.co/ 2. I-Colombian Association of Petroleum Engineers (ACIPET) - I-ACIPET igxile ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kobunjiniyela be-petroleum nemisebenzi ehlobene nayo e-Colombia. Iwebhusayithi https://www.acipet.com/ 3. I-Colombian Federation of Education Associations (FECODE) - I-FECODE yinhlangano emele ochwepheshe bezemfundo e-Colombia, elwela amalungelo abo futhi esebenzela ukuthuthukisa amazinga emfundo. Iwebhusayithi: https://fecode.edu.co/ 4. I-Colombian Association of Information Technology Companies (ACTI) - I-ACTI yinhlangano yemboni emele izinkampani zobuchwepheshe e-Colombia, esebenzela ukuqinisa ukuncintisana komkhakha we-IT. Iwebhusayithi http://www.acti.org.co/ 5. I-Colombian Coffee Growers Federation (FNC) - I-FNC imele abalimi bekhofi e-Colombia, isekela izinqubo zokukhiqiza ikhofi ezisimeme futhi ikhuthaza ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke kwekhwalithi kabhontshisi wekhofi wase-Colombia. Iwebhusayithi: https://federaciondecafeteros.org/lafederacion.aspx 6. I-National Tourism Guilds Association (ASOTURGUA) - I-ASOTURUGUA ihlanganisa ndawonye izinhlangano zezokuvakasha ezihlukene kuzo zonke izifunda ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha e-Colombia ngokwakha amanethiwekhi phakathi kwababambe iqhaza kulo mkhakha. Iwebhusayithi http://asoturgua.vailabcolombia.com/index.php/sobre-asoturgua/asociados 7. I-Society for Automotive Engineers (ACOSEC) - I-ACOSEC igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukwabelana ngolwazi phakathi konjiniyela bezimoto kuyilapho ikhuthaza ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwemboni yezimoto e-Colombia. Iwebhusayithi https://acosec.wixsite.com/acosec Sicela uqaphele ukuthi uhlu olungenhla aluphelele, futhi kunezinye izinhlangano eziningi zemboni e-Colombia ezibhekelela imikhakha ethile.

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

I-Colombia inamawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene ezomnotho nezohwebo ahlinzeka ngolwazi ngamathuba okutshala imali, imithetho yebhizinisi, kanye nemininingwane yemakethe. Nazi ezinye ezivelele: 1. I-ProColombia (www.procolombia.co): I-ProColombia yisikhungo sikahulumeni esinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphromotha ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwe-Colombia, ukuvakasha, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikeza ulwazi olubanzi mayelana nemikhakha yebhizinisi yaseColombia, amathuba okutshala izimali, imibiko yezobunhloli bemakethe, kanye nezibalo zokuhweba. 2. Tshala imali e-Bogota (www.investinbogota.org): Le webhusayithi igxile ekukhuthazeni ukutshalwa kwezimali e-Bogota, inhloko-dolobha yase-Colombia. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nemikhakha ebalulekile emnothweni we-Bogota njengamasevisi e-IT, izimboni zobuciko, isayensi yezempilo, izinsizakalo zezokuthutha, kanye nokukhiqiza. 3. I-Colombia Trade (www.coltrade.org): Iqhutshwa uMnyango Wezohwebo Imboni Nezokuvakasha yase-Colombia le webhusayithi isiza ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bokuhwebelana namanye amazwe ngokuhlinzeka ngezinhlaka zomthetho zezivumelwano zohwebo kanye nemithetho yokungenisa/yokuthumela ngaphandle. Isiza amabhizinisi angaphandle anentshisekelo yokwenza ibhizinisi nezinkampani zaseColombia ngokunikeza uhla lwemibhalo lwabathekelisi ababhalisiwe. 4. I-Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio (SIC) (www.sic.gov.co): I-SIC isiphathimandla sikahulumeni esilawula izinqubomgomo zokuncintisana nezimpawu zokuhweba e-Colombia. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokusebenzisa imithetho ehlobene nokuvikelwa kwabathengi kanye nezinqubo zokuncintisana ezinobulungisa. 5.Banco de la República(https://www.banrep.gov.co/en/ ): I-Banco de la República iyibhange elikhulu lase-Colombia esebenzisa inqubomgomo yezimali.Ihlinzeka ngezinkomba zezomnotho ezibalulekile, amanani, nemibiko yocwaningo lwezezimali ezidingekayo kumabhizinisi asebenza noma atshala imali eColombia. Lawa mawebhusayithi anikezela ngezinsiza ezibalulekile kubantu/izinkampani ezinentshisekelo yokuhlola amathuba ezomnotho noma ukusungula ubudlelwano bokuhwebelana namabhizinisi ase-Colombia. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amawebhusayithi angaba nezibuyekezo ngezikhathi ezithile noma izinguquko; kuhle ukubavakashela njalo noma uqinisekise isimo sabo samanje ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo.

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

Nawa amanye amawebhusayithi lapho ungathola khona idatha yokuhweba yaseColombia: 1. I-DANE - Umnyango Kazwelonke Wokuphatha Wezibalo: (https://www.dane.gov.co/) Le webhusayithi esemthethweni kahulumeni inikeza ulwazi oluhlukahlukene lwezibalo mayelana ne-Colombia, okuhlanganisa nedatha yezohwebo. Ungasesha izibalo zohwebo ngokukhetha okuthi "Foreign Trade" kumenyu enkulu. 2. I-ProColombia: (https://procolombia.co/zu) I-ProColombia iyisikhungo sikahulumeni esinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphromotha uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ezokuvakasha, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali e-Colombia. Iwebhusayithi yabo ihlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile ngezibalo zokuthekelisa nokungenisa, idatha eqondene nomkhakha othile, kanye nemininingwane yemakethe. 3. I-World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): (https://wits.worldbank.org/) I-WITS iyisizinda solwazi esiphethwe yiBhange Lomhlaba esihlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokugeleza kokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezintela. Ngokukhetha "i-Colombia" njengezwe lakho onentshisekelo kukho, ungafinyelela idatha ephelele yokuhweba yamazwe amabili. 4. I-UN Comtrade: (https://comtrade.un.org/) I-UN Comtrade iyinqolobane yezibalo zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ezisemthethweni ezigcinwe yi-United Nations Statistics Division. Ungasesha izibalo zokungenisa nokuthekelisa zase-Colombia ngokucacisa imingcele efanelekile njengempahla, uzakwethu wezwe noma isifunda. 5. I-Observatory of Economic Complexity: (https://oec.world/en/profile/country/col) I-Observatory of Economic Complexity yethula ukubonwa nokuhlaziywa kwezinkomba zezomnotho zamazwe omhlaba wonke, okuhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-Colombia nokuthekelisa ngaphandle kwezigaba ezihlukahlukene zemikhiqizo. Khumbula ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuhambisana kwedatha etholwe kulawa mawebhusayithi njengoba engase abe nezindlela ezahlukene noma izikhathi zokubika ngezinye izikhathi.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

I-Colombia iyizwe elinempilo eNingizimu Melika elinikeza amapulatifomu e-B2B ahlukahlukene okuxhumana kwebhizinisi nokuthengiselana. Okulandelayo amanye amapulatifomu e-B2B aphawulekayo e-Colombia kanye namawebhusayithi awo afanele: 1. I-ConnectAmericas (www.connectamericas.com): Le nkundla iyingxenye ye-Inter-American Development Bank futhi ihlose ukuxhumanisa amabhizinisi avela kuwo wonke amazwe aseMelika, kuhlanganise ne-Colombia. Inikeza amathuba okuhweba, ezezimali, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. 2. I-ProColombia (www.procolombia.co): I-ProColombia yisikhungo sikahulumeni esinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphromotha ukuthunyelwa kwe-Colombia, ukuvakasha, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. Iwebhusayithi yabo ihlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile ngamathuba ebhizinisi e-Colombia futhi isiza ukuxhumana phakathi kwabahlinzeki bendawo kanye nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. 3. I-Alianza Empresarial para el Comercio (www.alibox.co): I-Alianza Empresarial para el Comercio igxile ekukhuthazeni ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwe-Colombian ngokugqugquzela ukusebenzelana phakathi kwezinkampani zasendaweni ezinentshisekelo yokwandisa ukufinyelela kwazo kwamanye amazwe. 4. I-BizLatinHub (www.bizlatinhub.com): Nakuba ingaqondile e-Colombia kuphela, i-BizLatinHub iyinkundla ehamba phambili ye-B2B esebenza kulo lonke elase-Latin America, kuhlanganise ne-Colombia. Baxhuma osomabhizinisi nochwepheshe bendawo abanganikeza usizo ngamasu okungena emakethe, izidingo zomthetho, izinketho zezimali, phakathi kwezinye izinsizakalo. 5. Importadores.com.co: Le nkundla isiza amabhizinisi ase-Colombia abheke ukungenisa imikhiqizo evela phesheya ngokuyixhuma nabahlinzeki bamazwe ngamazwe noma abakhiqizi. 6.Buscainmueble.com: Kulabo abasembonini yezindlu ezithengiswayo noma imikhakha ehlobene abafuna izakhiwo zezentengiso noma ukuthengiswa/ukuthengwa komhlaba e-Colombia, i-buscainmueble.com inikeza uhla olubanzi lokufakwa kuhlu kuwo wonke amadolobha ahlukahlukene. Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa zamapulatifomu e-B2B atholakala e-Colombia; izinkundla ezengeziwe zingase zibe khona ezibhekelela izimboni ezithile noma imikhakha emnothweni ohlukahlukene wezwe. 请注意，特定平台是否适合您的业务需求仍需要进一步调查及了解。网站上的条款和条件，并确保了解其服务和收费诡情.
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