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Izimakethe Eziyinhloko
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Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
ISudan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseSudan, iyizwe elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Ihlanganyela imingcele yayo nezizwe eziningana, okuhlanganisa i-Egypt enyakatho, i-Ethiopia ne-Eritrea empumalanga, iSouth Sudan eningizimu, iCentral African Republic eningizimu-ntshonalanga, iChad ngasentshonalanga neLibya enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Njengoba inabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-40, iSudan ingelinye lamazwe amakhulu e-Afrika. Inhloko-dolobha yayo yiKhartoum. Izwe linomlando ocebile osukela ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka futhi laliyikhaya lempucuko yasendulo efana neKush neNubia. ISudan inezinhlanga ezehlukene ezikhuluma izilimi ezahlukene okuhlanganisa isi-Arabhu kanye nezilimi zomdabu zase-Afrika ezimbalwa njengesiNubian, isiBeja, isiFur nesiDinka phakathi kwezinye. UbuSulumane buqhutshwa kakhulu ngabantu abangaba ngu-97% wabantu bakhona. Umnotho wezwe uncike kakhulu kwezolimo kanti izitshalo ezinkulu ezikhiqiza ukotini kanye nokulima kwembewu kawoyela kanye nezinye izilimo eziyimali ezifana nembewu yesame. Ukwengeza, iSudan inomnotho omkhulu kawoyela onegalelo elikhulu ekukhiqizeni kwayo imali. Ngokwepolitiki, iSudan ibhekane nezinselelo ezahlukahlukene emlandweni wayo kubandakanya izingxabano phakathi kwezinhlanga ezahlukene kanye nezingxabano phakathi kwezifunda ngaphakathi kwezwe uqobo. Eminyakeni yakamuva nakuba kube nemizamo yokuthola uzinzo ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano zokuthula I-Sudan inezindawo zemvelo ezehlukene ezihlukene kusukela ogwadule ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho ezifana nogwadule lwaseSahara oludlulela emagqumeni oLwandle Olubomvu kuyilapho amathafa avundile elawula izindawo ezimaphakathi eduze kwemifula iNayile kanye ne-Atbara lapho ezolimo zichuma khona. Sengiphetha, iSudan isalokhu iyisizwe esithokozisayo ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo ngokomlando, ukuhlukahluka kwamasiko, amandla ezomnotho kanye nesimo sezepolitiki esiyinselele. Ikhombisa zombili izinselelo amazwe asathuthuka abhekene nazo emhlabeni jikelele kodwa futhi inamandla amakhulu okukhula nentuthuko emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nezolimo, ezokuvakasha, kanye nokuhlola imithombo yemvelo
Imali Yezwe
ISudan iyizwe elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Imali esemthethweni esetshenziswa eSudan iPondo laseSudan (SDG). Ipondo elilodwa laseSudan lihlukaniswe amaPiastre angu-100. Kusukela yakhululeka ngaphansi kombuso wamakoloni waseBrithani ngo-1956, iSudan ihlangabezane nezinselelo ezihlukahlukene zomnotho kanye nokuntengantenga. Ngenxa yalokho, inani lePondo laseSudan libe ngaphansi kokuguquguquka okukhulu phakathi neminyaka edlule. Muva nje, umnotho waseSudan ubhekane nengcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali kanye nobunye ubunzima bomnotho omkhulu. Izinga lokushintshana le Pondo waseSudan lihluka kakhulu kuzo zombili izimakethe ezisemthethweni nezimnyama. Emzamweni wokuzinzisa uhlobo lwemali yalo, IBhange Elikhulu LaseSudan lisebenzise izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezifana nokulawulwa kwezinga lokushintshisana kanye nokuphathwa kwezimali zangaphandle. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngenxa yezehlakalo zezombangazwe kanye nezinkinga zezomnotho, kuye kwaba nezinkathi lapho ukufinyelela kwezimali zakwamanye amazwe kuye kwanqunyelwa izakhamuzi ezivamile. Lokhu kuholele ekusakazekeni kwemakethe emnyama yezinhlobo zemali enezilinganiso zokushintshisana ezingekho emthethweni eziphakeme kakhulu kunalezo ezisemthethweni. Ngo-Okthoba 2021, ngemva kwezinyanga zezinguquko eziqhubekayo zezomnotho ezenziwa uhulumeni wezinguquko, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa amanani okushintshanisa nokuphatha uxhaso ezimpahleni ezibalulekile ezifana nophethiloli nokolweni, iSudan yabona ukuthuthuka kwesimo sayo semali. Iziphathimandla zasekhaya zehlise ngempumelelo amazinga okwehla kwamandla emali ngenkathi zizinzisa ukuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye zezimali ezinkulu. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi ngezenzakalo zamanje njengoba izimo eziphathelene nezimali zingashintsha ngokushesha ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene njengentuthuko yezombusazwe noma izimo zomnotho zomhlaba. Sekukonke, nakuba imizamo yenziwa iziphathimandla zokubhekana nezinselele ezihlobene nohlobo lwemali eSudan, kusalokhu kubalulekile kubantu noma amabhizinisi asebenza ngaphakathi noma asebenzelana nezimali zaseSudan ukuthi aqaphe ngokucophelela ukuguquguquka kwamazinga okuhwebelana futhi ahlale enolwazi nganoma yimiphi imithetho noma izinqubomgomo ezifanele nomthelela emisebenzini yabo yezezimali ezweni.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Imali esemthethweni yaseSudan iphawundi laseSudan (SDG). Ngokuqondene namazinga okushintshaniswa alinganiselwe ephawundi laseSudan uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zemali zomhlaba ezinkulu, nazi izibalo ezithile ezijwayelekile (kusukela ngoSepthemba 2021 - amanani angahluka): - I-USD (iDola lase-United States): 1 SDG ≈ 0.022 USD - I-EUR (I-Euro): 1 SDG ≈ 0.019 EUR - GBP (British Pound Sterling): 1 SDG ≈ 0.016 GBP - I-JPY (Yen YaseJapane): 1 SDG ≈ 2.38 JPY - CNY (Chinese Yuan Renminbi): 1 SDG ≈ 0.145 CNY Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanani okushintshanisa ashintshashintsha njalo ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene njengezimo zemakethe nemicimbi yezomnotho, ngakho-ke kuhle kakhulu ukuthi uhlole imithombo ethembekile noma izikhungo zezezimali ukuze uthole amanani akamuva kakhulu ngaphambi kokwenza noma yikuphi ukushintshana kwemali.
Amaholide Abalulekile
ISudan, izwe elihlukene ngokwamasiko e-Afrika, ligubha amaholide amaningana abalulekile unyaka wonke. Omunye wemikhosi ebalulekile ebonwa eSudan uSuku Lokuzimela. Usuku Lokuzimela lugujwa ngo-January 1st ukukhumbula ukuzimela kweSudan ngaphansi kombuso waseBrithani-waseGibhithe. Leli holide likazwelonke liphawula usuku lapho iSudan yaba isizwe esizimele ngokusemthethweni ngo-1956. Le migubho ihlanganisa imikhosi nemicimbi ehlukahlukene eyenziwa ezweni lonke. Abantu baseSudan bayahlangana ukuze bahloniphe umzabalazo wabo wasendulo wenkululeko nokuzimela. Imidlalo yamasiko, imibukiso, namamashi okushisekela izwe kuvamile ngalesi sikhathi. Imigwaqo ihlotshiswe ngamafulege, amabhanela, nemihlobiso ebonisa ubunye besizwe nokuzigqaja. Elinye iholide eliqavile eligujwa eSudan i-Eid al-Fitr, ephawula ukuphela kweRamadan - isikhathi esiyinyanga sokuzila ukudla kwamaSulumane. Lo mkhosi uhlanganisa imindeni nabangane njengoba behlanganyela emithandazweni yemiphakathi yama-mosque okulandelwa ukuzitika ngezidlo zesintu ezikhethekile. I-Eid al-Adha kusengomunye umkhosi obalulekile obonwa amaSulumane eSudan. Okwaziwa nangokuthi uMkhosi Womhlatshelo, ukhumbula ukuzimisela kukaMprofethi u-Ibrahim ukunikela ngendodana yakhe njengesenzo sokulalela uNkulunkulu ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe inqama ngomzuzu wokugcina. Imindeni ihlangana ndawonye ukuze ithandaze, ihlanganyele ukudla nabathandekayo, yabela abantu abampofu inyama, futhi ishintshisane ngezipho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uKhisimusi wamukelwa phakathi kwamaKristu eSudan yonkana njengomkhosi wenkolo obalulekile wokugubha ukuzalwa kukaJesu Kristu. Nakuba amaKrestu akha idlanzana phakathi kweningi lamaSulumane eSudan, uKhisimusi usalokhu ungelinye lamaholide awo athandwa kakhulu anezinkonzo zesonto, izingoma zengoma, imihlobiso, kanye nokuphana izipho phakathi kwamalungu omndeni. Le mikhosi idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuhlukahluka kwamasiko ngenkathi ikhuthaza ubumbano phakathi kwemiphakathi yezenkolo eyahlukene ngaphakathi kweSudan.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
ISudan, etholakala eNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, iyizwe lezolimo elinomnotho othuthukayo. Izwe linohlelo lwezomnotho oluxubile oluhlanganisa ukuhlela okumaphakathi kanye nentengo yezimakethe. Isimo sezohwebo saseSudan sithonywa yizinto ezahlukahlukene njengezinsiza zayo, imikhiqizo yezolimo, kanye nesimo sezepolitiki. ISudan inezinsiza zemvelo ezifana ne-petroleum, igolide, insimbi, isiliva, nethusi. Lezi zinsiza zidlala indima enkulu emalini engenayo yezwe yokuthumela ngaphandle. Abalingani abakhulu beSudan abahwebelana nge-petroleum yiShayina neNdiya. Ezolimo zineqhaza elikhulu emnothweni waseSudan. Izwe laziwa ngokuthumela ngaphandle ukotini, imbewu kasesame, i-gum arabic (isithako esibalulekile esisetshenziswa ezimbonini zokudla nezithaka imithi), imfuyo (okuhlanganisa izinkomo nezimvu), amakinati, okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu (okusetshenziselwa ukudla), nezimbali ze-hibiscus ( esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza itiye le-herbal). Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iSudan ibhekene nezinselelo kwezohwebo ngenxa yokuntengantenga kwezombusazwe kanye nezingxabano phakathi neminyaka edlule. Amanye amazwe abeke imingcele yokuhweba eSudan ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu noma ukuxhaswa kobuphekula. Ukuzimela kweSouth Sudan ngo-2011 nakho kwaba nomthelela ekuhwebeni kwezizwe zombili. Ngenkathi iSouth Sudan yathola ukulawula izizinda eziningi zikawoyela ngemva kokuthola inkululeko eSudan; nokho, isancike kumakhelwane wayo ngengqalasizinda yamapayipi kanye nokufinyelela ezimakethe zomhlaba. Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, kwenziwa imizamo yokuthuthukisa izimo zomnotho ngokuhlukahluka kwezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuncika kuwoyela. Uhulumeni usebenzise izinqubomgomo okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa imikhakha engeyona ekawoyela njengezolimo noma izimboni zokukhiqiza ngenkathi uzama ukuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe. Sengiphetha, umnotho wezwe ohlanganiswe nemithombo yawo yemvelo ecebile uveza amathuba okukhula kwezohwebo nezwe uma kuba nokuthula; nokho, imiphumela eqhubekayo yokuntengantenga kwezombusazwe isalokhu iyizithiyo ekufezeni amandla ako aphelele
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
I-Sudan, esenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, inamandla amakhulu okuthuthukisa imakethe yayo yohwebo lwangaphandle. Naphezu kokubhekana nezinselelo ezihlukahlukene, njengokungazinzi kwezombusazwe kanye nomnotho odonsa kanzima, iSudan iziqhayisa ngezinto ezimbalwa ezinomthelela ekuhwebeni kwayo. Okokuqala, iSudan iyazuza ngendawo yayo esezingeni eliphezulu ezimpambanweni zemigwaqo yase-Afrika kanye naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Le ndawo iyibeka njengesango lokuhweba phakathi kwalezi zifunda ezimbili. Ngengqalasizinda yezokuthutha ethuthukisiwe kanye nokuxhumana ngoxhaxha lwemigwaqo namachweba, iSudan ingakwazi ukuhambisa kahle ukuhanjiswa kwezimpahla ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Okwesibili, imithombo yemvelo ecebile yaseSudan idala amathuba okukhula okuholwa yimpahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Izwe linezinqolobane eziningi zamaminerali njengegolide, ithusi, i-chromite, ne-uranium. Ukwengeza, waziwa ngokukhiqiza impahla yezolimo efana ukotini, imbewu yesesame, i-gum arabic, imikhiqizo yemfuyo nokunye. Lezi zinsiza zihlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile seSudan ukuthi ihlukanise izimpahla zayo ngaphandle kokuncika kuwoyela futhi ihehe ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu labantu baseSudan liveza imakethe yasekhaya ekhangayo enganikeza amathuba okunwetshwa kumabhizinisi angaphandle. Akhona amandla emikhakheni efana nezokuxhumana , ezokukhiqiza , ezolimo , amandla avuselelekayo phakathi kwezinye .Ngokuqondisa isisekelo sabathengi bendawo kuyilapho ukunamathela kulokho abakuthandayo kungenza imali engenayo yokuthengisa inyuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko zakamuva zezombangazwe eSudan ezihlanganisa ukuguqukela kuhulumeni wezakhamuzi zivuse isasasa kubalingani bamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunezinselelo eziningi ezithiya ukuxhashazwa okuphelele kwalezi zinto ezingase zibe khona.Enye inselele enkulu ihlanganisa izithiyo zeziphathimandla, intela eningi, imingcele yentela. Ngaphezulu, umthelela oqhubekayo wezingxabano zezikhali uthinta ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha ngaleyo ndlela wenze ukuhwebelana ezweni lonke. kunzima kakhulu Sengiphetha, imakethe yezohwebo yangaphandle yaseSudan inethuba elingakasetshenziswa lokulinda ukuthi livulwe. Ngemizamo eyanele eqondiswe ekuthuthukiseni uzinzo, izinguquko zezombangazwe, ukunciphisa imithetho yebhizinisi kanye nezinqubomgomo ezigxile ezimakethe ezivulekile; I-Sudan ingakwazi ukuzibeka kabusha njengendawo ekhangayo hhayi eyasekhaya kuphela kodwa. kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe kanye nohwebo.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni imikhiqizo ezothunyelwa eSudan, kubalulekile ukucabangela isidingo semakethe yezwe kanye nezinto ezikhethwayo. Nazi ezinye izigaba zomkhiqizo ezidumile ezingase zibe nempumelelo emakethe yohwebo yangaphandle yaseSudan. 1. Imikhiqizo yezoLimo: I-Sudan inomnotho wezolimo ikakhulukazi, okwenza imikhiqizo ehlobene nezolimo ifuneke kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izitshalo ezifana namabele, gum arabic, imbewu yesesame, nokotini. 2. Ukudla Neziphuzo: Njengoba kunabantu abaningi kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwamasiko okucebile, ukudla kungaba inzuzo enkulu. Okuyisisekelo njengerayisi, ufulawa kakolweni, amafutha okupheka, izinongo (ezifana nekhumini), amaqabunga etiye, nezimpahla ezisemathinini zinesidingo esingaguquki. 3. Izimpahla Zasekhaya: Izimpahla ezithengekayo zihlale zidingeka kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka njengeSudan. Imikhiqizo efana nezinto zasekhishini (izixube/amajusi), imikhiqizo yepulasitiki (iziqukathi/izinto zokusika), izindwangu (amathawula/amashidi ombhede), nezinto zokuhlanza zingenza kahle. 4. Izinto Zokwakha: Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kuyanda eSudan ngenxa yokwanda kokukhula kwamadolobha. Izinto zokwakha ezifana nosimende, imigoqo yensimbi/izintambo/amameshi/izinsimbi/izinto zesitolo/izinto zokufakwa emagumbini okugeza/amapayipi zinikeza amandla amakhulu. 5. Izinsiza Zokunakekelwa Kwezempilo: Kukhona ukuqashelwa okukhulayo kwesidingo sezikhungo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nemishini ethuthukisiwe ezweni lonke. Imishini yezokwelapha/amathuluzi/impahla ehlobene nokuxilonga (isb., ama-thermometers/iziqaphi zomfutho wegazi) noma izinqubo ezincane zingacatshangelwa. 6. Imikhiqizo Yamandla Avuselelekayo: Ngokukhanya kwelanga okuningana unyaka wonke, amaphaneli elanga, izifudumezi zamanzi elanga, nezinye izixazululo zamandla aluhlaza ziyazuza ngaphakathi komkhakha wamandla waseSudan. 7.Imikhiqizo Yezobuciko:I-Sudan inosiko olucebile futhi imisebenzi yezandla yesintu yaziswa kakhulu.Izibonelo zihlanganisa obhasikidi abelukwe ngezandla,omata beqabunga lesundu,izitsha zobumba,izimpahla zethusi,nempahla yesikhumba.Le misebenzi yezandla inokukhanga kwendawo kanye namandla okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhethwa ngempumelelo komkhiqizo, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo lwemakethe nokuhlaziya. Ukuhlola isidingo semakethe yendawo, amandla okuthenga, ukuncintisana, nezici zomnotho kuzoba wusizo ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi. Kuyatuseka futhi ukusebenzisana nabasabalalisi bendawo abathembekile noma ama-ejenti awazi kahle imakethe yaseSudan ukuze kungene umkhiqizo okungenazihibe.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
ISudan iyizwe elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Iyaziwa ngabantu bayo abahlukahlukene, amagugu acebile amasiko, kanye nezindawo ezinhle. Nazi ezinye izici zamakhasimende aseSudan kanye nama-taboos amasiko okufanele wazi: 1. Isimo Sokungenisa Izihambi: Abantu baseSudan ngokuvamile banemfudumalo futhi bayazamukela izivakashi. Bayakwazisa ukungenisa izihambi futhi ngokuvamile benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze benze izihambeli zizizwe zikhululekile. 2. Umqondo Oqinile Womphakathi: Umphakathi udlala indima ebalulekile esikweni laseSudan, futhi izinqumo ngokuvamile zenziwa ngokuhlanganyela esikhundleni somuntu ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha ubudlelwano nabaholi bomphakathi noma abantu abanethonya kungaba semqoka ekusebenzisaneni okuphumelelayo kwebhizinisi. 3. Ukuhlonipha Abadala: Umphakathi waseSudan ukubeka kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonipha abadala kanye namalungu aphezulu omphakathi. Kubalulekile ukukhombisa ukuhlonipha, ikakhulukazi lapho uhlanganyela nabantu abadala emihlanganweni yebhizinisi noma imibuthano yokuzijabulisa. 4. Amasiko AmaSulumane: ISudan igcwele amaSulumane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda nokuhlonipha amasiko amaSulumane ngenkathi uqhuba ibhizinisi ezweni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunaka imithetho yokugqoka (abesifazane kufanele bamboze amakhanda), ukugwema ukuhlela imihlangano ngezikhathi zomthandazo, nokugwema ukuphuza utshwala. 5. Izindima Zobulili: Izindima zobulili eSudan zingokwesiko njengoba amadoda evamise ukuba nezikhundla emphakathini nasezinhlakeni zomndeni ngokuvamile ezingokhokho ngokwemvelo. 6. I-Hospitality Taboo: Esikweni laseSudan, kuyisiko ukunikeza ukudla noma isiphuzo njengophawu lokungenisa izihambi lapho uvakashele ikhaya noma indawo yehhovisi lothile. Ukwamukela okunikezwayo ngomusa kubonisa inhlonipho kumsingathi wakho. 7.Izihloko Ezingavumelekile: Gwema ukuxoxa ngezihloko ezibucayi njengenkolo (ngaphandle uma kunesidingo), ezombangazwe (ikakhulukazi ezihlobene nezingxabano zangaphakathi), noma ukugxeka amasiko endawo ngoba angabhekwa njengokungahloniphi noma acasulayo. 8.Hlonipha Ukugujwa KweRamadan: Ngenyanga engcwele ye-Ramadan, ukuzila ukudla kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga kuze kube sekushoneni kwelanga kuwumkhuba obalulekile wenkolo phakathi kwamaSulumane aseSudan (ngaphandle kwalabo abanezinkinga zempilo). Kuyancomeka ukuthi ungadli/uphuze esidlangalaleni ngalesi sikhathi futhi ubonise ukuzwela kulabo abazilayo. 9. Ukubamba izandla: Ezilungiselelweni ezisemthethweni, ukuxhawula okuqinile kuwukubingelelana okuvamile phakathi kwabantu bobulili obufanayo. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ubulili obuhlukile bangase bangaqalisi ukuthintana ngokomzimba ngaphandle kwalapho bengamalungu omndeni aseduze. 10. Ukugcina Isikhathi: Nakuba isiko laseSudan ngokuvamile linendlela ekhululekile ekubambeni isikhathi, kusatuseka ukuthi ufike ngesikhathi emihlanganweni yebhizinisi noma ama-aphoyintimenti njengophawu lwenhlonipho kozakwenu. Khumbula, lokhu kubuka konke kunikeza imininingwane ejwayelekile ezicini zekhasimende laseSudan kanye nama-taboos. Kuhlale kunconywa ukwenza ucwaningo olwengeziwe futhi uvumelanise ukuziphatha kwakho ngokufanele lapho uxhumana nabantu abavela kumasiko ahlukene.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
ISudan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseSudan, iyizwe elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Ngakho-ke, isungule imithethonqubo yamasiko kanye nokuthuthela kwelinye izwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulawulwa nokuphathwa kwemingcele ngempumelelo. Uhlelo lokuphathwa kwempahla yaseSudan lugxile ekulawuleni ukungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe. Ihlose ukuvikela ukuphepha kwezwe, ukuvikela impilo yomphakathi, ukuphoqelela izinqubomgomo zezohwebo, nokuvimbela imisebenzi engekho emthethweni njengokushushumbisa. Lapho befika noma besuka emachwebeni okungena eSudan (izikhumulo zezindiza, amachweba), abahambi kudingeka badlule izinqubo zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe futhi bethule imibhalo edingekayo njengamaphasipoti nama-visa. Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwacabangele lapho usebenza namasiko aseSudan: 1. Amadokhumenti Okuvakasha: Qinisekisa ukuthi unepasipoti esemthethweni esele okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha kusukela osukwini lokungena eSudan. Ngaphezu kwe-visa uma ikhona. 2. Izinto Ezikhawulelwe: Qaphela izinto ezinqatshelwe noma ezikhawulelwe ezingenakungeniswa eSudan. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izibhamu, izidakamizwa, izimpahla zomgunyathi, izinto eziyichilo, izincwadi zenkolo ezihloselwe ukusabalalisa, ukudla okuthile ngaphandle kwemvume yangaphambili noma amalayisense avela ezikhulwini ezifanele. 3. Imithethonqubo Yezimali: Kunemikhawulo enanini lemali yangaphandle ongayingenisa noma uyikhiphe eSudan; qiniseka ukuthi uyayiqonda le mithetho ukuze ugweme noma yiziphi izinkinga. 4. Inqubo Yesimemezelo: Kubalulekile ukusho ngokunembile noma yiziphi izinto okufanele zikhokhelwe lapho ufika eSudan noma ngaphambi kokuhamba uma uthumela izimpahla ngaphandle kwezwe. 5. Imisebenzi kanye nezintela: Qonda ukuthi imisebenzi nezintela zingasebenza ezimpahleni ezithile ezilethwa eSudan kuye ngevelu/isigaba sazo; qinisekisa ukuthi uthobela imithethonqubo efanele ukuze kukhishwe imvume eshelelayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwempahla engenayo. 6. Ukucatshangelwa Kwezempilo: Zijwayeze nezidingo eziphathelene nempilo efana nemigomo edingekayo yokungena eSudan njengoba kushiwo iziphathimandla zendawo; futhi uqiniseke ukuthi awulethi noma yikuphi ukudla okunqatshelwe ngenxa yosongo lwazo olungase lube khona ekusakazeni izifo ezifana nesifo sonyawo-nomlomo noma i-Avian Influenza Virus ngaphandle kwezimvume ezifanele ezivela kwiziphathimandla ezinekhono kusenesikhathi. Le mihlahlandlela ihloselwe ukuhlinzeka ukuqonda okujwayelekile kohlelo lokuphathwa kwempahla yaseSudan kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha kubahambi. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olubanzi nolwakamuva, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nenxusa noma inxusa laseSudan.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
I-Sudan, izwe elitholakala eNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, inenqubomgomo yentela yokungeniswa kwempahla ekhona. Amanani entengo yokungenisa ezweni ayahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umkhiqizo ungenisiwe. Emikhiqizweni yezolimo, iSudan ibeka isilinganiso sentela esimaphakathi esingu-35%, ngemikhiqizo ethile efana nogwayi noshukela ekhokhwa amanani aphezulu. Lezi zinyathelo zihlose ukuvikela izimboni zezolimo zasekhaya emiqhudelwaneni futhi zikhuthaze ukuzimela. Mayelana nezimpahla ezikhiqizwayo, iSudan ngokuvamile isebenzisa isilinganiso esiphansi esingu-20% ezintweni ezithengwayo. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezithile ezifana nezimoto zingase zibhekane nezindleko eziphezulu ngenxa yomthelela wazo ongaba khona embonini yasendaweni nasekuqashweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona nezintela ezithile ezibekwe ezimpahleni ezithile. Isibonelo, izimpahla zikanokusho ezifana nobucwebe nezinto zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingaphansi kwezintela zentela ezengeziwe. Lokhu kusebenza njengesilinganiso sokukhiqiza imali kahulumeni kanye nomzamo wokulawula ukuziphatha kwabathengi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinqubomgomo zentela yaseSudan zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezimo zomnotho noma izinto ezibalulekile kuhulumeni. Ngakho-ke, kuhlale kuhle ukuthi amabhizinisi noma abantu abahlela ukuhweba neSudan bahlale benolwazi ngemithetho yakamuva ebekwe iziphathimandla zezwe. Kafushane, iSudan inenqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa ehlukahlukene esekelwe esigabeni somkhiqizo osukela ku-20% wezimpahla eziningi ezikhiqizwayo ezifika ku-35% zemikhiqizo yezolimo. Ukwengeza, kukhona nezintela ezithile ezibekwe ezintweni zikanokusho ezifana nobucwebe nezinto zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
ISudan, izwe eliseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, inenqubomgomo yentela yokuthumela ngaphandle ehlose ukulawula kanye nokuthuthukisa umnotho wayo. Uhulumeni waseSudan usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuqoqa imali yentela ezimpahleni ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Okokuqala, i-Sudan ibeka imisebenzi yokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe ezimpahleni ezithile ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zisuka ezweni. Le misebenzi ikhokhiswa emikhiqizweni ethile efana ne-petroleum nemikhiqizo yezimayini njengegolide, isiliva, namatshe ayigugu. Abathekelisi kumele bakhokhe iphesenti elithile yenani lalezi zimpahla njengezintela lapho bezithumela ngaphandle kwemingcele yaseSudan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iSudan iphinda isebenzise izintela zevalue-added (VAT) kwezinye izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. I-VAT intela yokusetshenziswa ebekwa esigabeni ngasinye sokukhiqiza nokusabalalisa lapho inani lengezwa kumkhiqizo noma isevisi. Abathumeli bangaphandle kudingeka ukuthi bakhokhise i-VAT ezimpahleni ezifanelekile ezihwebelwa ngamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokungeziwe emithendelekweni yokuthekelisa kanye ne-VAT, iSudan ingase iphoqelele ezinye izinhlobo zezintela noma amanani kuye ngohlobo lwemikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izintela zempahla noma izintela ngokwezifiso eziklanyelwe ukuvikela izimboni zasekhaya ngokubeka izindleko eziphakeme kwezinye izinto eziphuma kwamanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinqubomgomo zentela zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokungazinzi kwezombusazwe noma ukushintsha kwezimo zomnotho eSudan. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olunembile mayelana nemithetho yamanje yentela yokuthekelisa e-Sudan, kuyatuseka ukuthi abathumeli bangaphandle baxhumane neziphathimandla zikahulumeni ezifanele noma abeluleki abangochwepheshe abazi kahle ngemithetho yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe ngaphakathi kwezwe. Intela yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe idlala indima ebalulekile emazweni afana neSudan ngokungenisa imali yezindleko zikahulumeni kuyilapho isekela ukukhula kwezimboni zasekhaya kanye nokuncintisana ngaphakathi ngokumelene nempahla yangaphandle. Iphinde isebenze njengethuluzi lokulawula ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngokulinganisa izinjongo zomnotho nezithakazelo zomphakathi.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
ISudan, izwe eliseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, inezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo eyithumela emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nobuqiniso balokhu kuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, iSudan iqalise inqubo yokuqinisekisa izitifiketi zokuthumela ngaphandle. Uhulumeni waseSudan udinga abathumeli bangaphandle ukuthi bathole isitifiketi semvelaphi yezimpahla zabo. Lo mbhalo uqinisekisa izwe lapho umkhiqizo uvela khona futhi kuyadingeka ukuze kukhishwe imvume yempahla ezweni eliwungenisayo. Kusebenza njengobufakazi bokuthi izimpahla zakhiqizwa futhi zakhiqizwa eSudan. Ukwengeza, eminye imikhiqizo ethile ingadinga izitifiketi ezengeziwe. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yezolimo efana nekotini noma imbewu yesesame ingase idinge izitifiketi ze-phytosanitary ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nezinambuzane nezifo. Abathumeli bangaphandle bemikhiqizo yezilwane njengenyama noma ubisi kufanele bathole izitifiketi zezempilo zezilwane eziqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zabo ziphephile ukuthi zingadliwa. Abathumeli bangaphandle bangathola lezi zitifiketi ngama-ejensi ahlukahlukene kahulumeni anesibopho semithetho yezohwebo nezimboni njengoMnyango Wezohwebo noma Umnyango Wezolimo. Le minyango iqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe kuyilapho ikhuthaza izindlela zokuhweba ezinobulungiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iSudan nayo iyingxenye yezinhlangano zezomnotho zesifunda njenge-COMESA (Imakethe Evamile YaseMpumalanga naseNingizimu Afrika) futhi inezivumelwano zokuhwebelana phakathi kwamazwe amabili namazwe amaningana. Lezi zivumelwano zivame ukuza nesethi yazo yemithetho ephathelene nemibhalo yokuthekelisa, eqinisekisa ukubambelela kumazinga athile ekhwalithi. Eminyakeni yakamuva, iSudan ibisebenzela ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zayo zokuthekelisa ngokufaka idijithali izinqubo zayo zokunikeza izitifiketi ngezinkundla eziku-inthanethi. Lesi sinyathelo sihlose ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle ekutholeni imibhalo edingekayo ngenkathi kunciphisa ukuhleleka okuhambisana namaphepha okusebenza. Sengiphetha, iSudan idinga abathumeli bangaphandle ukuthi bathole izitifiketi zendabuko kanye nanoma yiziphi izitifiketi ezengeziwe kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwemikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle njengezitifiketi ze-phytosanitary noma izitifiketi zezempilo yezilwane. Lezi zidingo zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba sobala emisebenzini yohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe evela eSudan ngenkathi ihlangabezana nezinkambiso zekhwalithi zomhlaba wonke.
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
ISudan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseSudan, iyizwe elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Njengoba inomhlaba olinganiselwa ku-1.8 million square kilometers, iSudan iyizwe lesithathu ngobukhulu ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obukhulu kanye nezwe elihlukahlukene, iSudan ibhekene nezinselelo ezahlukahlukene uma kukhulunywa ngengqalasizinda yezokuthutha kanye nezokuthutha. Uma ucubungula ezokuthutha eSudan, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izwe lihlangabezane nokuntengantenga kwezombusazwe kanye nezingxabano zezikhali eminyakeni yamuva nje. Lezi zici zibe nomthelela omubi ekuthuthukisweni nasekugcinweni kokunakekelwa kwengqalasizinda efana nemigwaqo, izitimela, amachweba kanye nezikhumulo zezindiza. Ezimpahla zamazwe ngamazwe ezingena noma eziphuma eSudan, iPort Sudan isebenza njengendawo ebalulekile yezokuthutha zasolwandle. Itholakala ogwini loLwandle Olubomvu futhi inikeza ukufinyelela emizileni ebalulekile yohwebo ehlanganisa iYurophu, i-Asia kanye ne-Afrika. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomthamo olinganiselwe kanye nezinsiza eziphelelwe yisikhathi e-Port Sudan, ukubambezeleka kungase kwenzeke ngezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu. Mayelana nezokuthutha emgwaqeni ngaphakathi kwemingcele yaseSudan, kukhona imigwaqo egandayiwe ehlanganisa amadolobha amakhulu njengeKhartoum (inhloko-dolobha), iPort Sudan, iNyala, i-El Obeident.ixhumanisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ngempumelelo ezifundeni ezahlukene. Izinsizakalo zezimpahla zomoya ziyatholakala ngaphakathi kweSudan ngokusebenzisa izikhumulo zezindiza eziningana zasekhaya njenge-Khartoum International Airport. Iphatha kokubili izindiza zabagibeli nezimpahla kodwa ingase ibhekane nezingqinamba ngenxa yamandla alinganiselwe okuthutha impahla emikhulu. Ukuze uzulazule kulezi zinselele zokwenziwa komsebenzi kahle e-Sudan: 1. Hlela kusenesikhathi: Uma kucatshangelwa ukubambezeleka okungaba khona noma ukuphazamiseka okudalwe ingqalasizinda enganele noma izinqubo zokuphatha ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokugunyazwa kwentela; ukuba nohlelo olucatshangelwe kahle kungasiza ekwehliseni ukuhlehla okungalindelekile. 2. Funa ubuchwepheshe bendawo: Ukusebenzisana nabahlinzeki bendawo abanolwazi lokusebenza ngaphakathi kwezwe kungaba wusizo ekuzulazuleni izinqubo ze-bureaucratic noma ukulawula ubungozi basendaweni ngempumelelo. 3. Beka kuqala ukuxhumana: Ukugcina ukuxhumana njalo nababambe iqhaza kunethiwekhi yakho ye-supply chain - abahlinzeki , abathwali , indawo yokugcina impahla njll., kuzokwenza kube lula ukusebenza kahle. 4.Phenya ezinye izindlela zokuthutha: Uma kubhekwa izinselele ezingaba khona ngengqalasizinda yomgwaqo, ukuhlola ezinye izindlela zokuhamba, ezifana nololiwe noma ukuthutha ngendiza emizileni ethile noma imikhiqizo, kungase kube yinzuzo. 5. Vikela impahla futhi unciphise ubungozi: Ukusebenzisa amasu okulawula ubungozi njengokufakwa komshwalense ukuvikela impahla yakho kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka kunconywa kakhulu. Sengiphetha, isimo sokuhleleka kweSudan sinezinselelo ezimbalwa ngenxa yengqalasizinda enganele kanye nokuntengantenga kwezombusazwe. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlela ngokucophelela, ukubambisana kochwepheshe bendawo, imigudu yokuxhumana ephumelelayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokuthutha lapho kunesidingo kanye nokusebenzisa izindlela zokunciphisa ubungozi, kungenzeka ukuzulazula ngempumelelo yezokuthutha zaseSudan.
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-Sudan, esenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, ineziteshi eziningi ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kanye namathuba emibukiso yamabhizinisi afuna ukwandisa ukufinyelela kwawo. Nazi ezinye eziphawulekayo: 1. Iziteshi Zokuthenga Zamazwe Ngamazwe: a) I-Sudan Procurement Authority: I-ejensi kahulumeni enesibopho sokuthenga izimpahla namasevisi eminyango ehlukahlukene nezinhlangano zomphakathi. b) IZizwe Ezihlangene (UN): I-Sudan ingemamukeli omkhulu wezinhlelo zosizo nentuthuko ze-UN, enikeza amathuba kubahlinzeki-mpahla ukuthi babhide ngezinkontileka ngama-ejensi e-UN afana noHlelo Lokuthuthukiswa KweNhlangano Yezizwe (UNDP) noma Uhlelo Lomhlaba Lokudla (WFP). c) Izinhlangano Okungezona Ezikahulumeni (ama-NGO): Ama-NGO amaningana asebenza eSudan, ahlinzeka ngosizo kuyo yonke imikhakha efana nezempilo, ezemfundo, ezolimo, kanye nengqalasizinda. Lezi zinhlangano zivame ukuba nezidingo zokuthenga okungaba amathuba ebhizinisi angenzeka. 2. Imibukiso: a) I-Khartoum International Fair: Lo mcimbi waminyaka yonke obanjelwe eKhartoum ungomunye wemibukiso emikhulu yaseSudan ehlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene njengezolimo, ezokukhiqiza, ezobuchwepheshe, ezamandla, ezokwakha, nokunye. Iheha abakhangisi bakuleli nabakwamanye amazwe. b) Umbukiso Wezolimo waseSudan: Ugxile kakhulu emkhakheni wezolimo - ingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho waseSudan - lo mbukiso unikeza ithuba izinkampani ezibandakanyeka emishinini yezolimo, ezobuchwepheshe, imbewu/umanyolo ukuthi zikhangise ngemikhiqizo yazo. c) I-Sudan International Exhibition for Packaging & Printing: Lo mcimbi ugqamisa izixazululo zokupakisha kuzo zonke izimboni ezifana nezinkampani ezilungisa ukudla/zokupakisha noma amabhizinisi okuphrinta okuhloswe ngawo ukungena emakethe. Le mibukiso ayinikezi nje kuphela indlela yokukhangisa ngemikhiqizo kodwa futhi isebenza njengezinkundla zokuxhumana nababambe iqhaza ababalulekile abavela emigwaqweni kahulumeni/izinkonzo noma amakhasimende/ozakwethu abangase babe khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, d) Izithangami/Izinkomfa Zebhizinisi: Izinkundla/izingqungquthela zebhizinisi ezahlukahlukene zihlelwa unyaka wonke yizinhlangano ezifana namagumbi ohwebo noma izinhlangano ezikhuthaza uhwebo. Le micimbi inikeza izikhathi zokwabelana ngolwazi namathuba okuxhumana nochwepheshe/ochwepheshe bemboni abavela emazweni ahlukene. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yezinselelo zezepolitiki nezomnotho eziqhubekayo, indawo yezohwebo yaseSudan ingase iveze izingozi ezithile. Kutuswa ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu, uqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yendawo kanye neziqondiso, futhi ucabangele ukubandakanya ozakwethu bendawo lapho uhlola amathuba ebhizinisi eSudan.
E-Sudan, kunezinjini zokusesha ezimbalwa ezivame ukusetshenziswa. Eziyinhloko zihlanganisa: 1. I-Google (https://www.google.sd): I-Google iyinjini yokusesha edume kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu naseSudan. Inikeza imiphumela yosesho ebanzi nezici ezihlukahlukene njengezithombe, amamephu, izindaba, nokuningi. 2. I-Bing (https://www.bing.com): I-Bing enye injini yokusesha esetshenziswa kakhulu eSudan. Ihlinzeka ngemiphumela yosesho lwewebhu, ukusesha izithombe, amavidiyo, izindatshana zezindaba, namanye amasevisi. 3. I-Yahoo (https://www.yahoo.com): Nakuba ingandile njenge-Google noma i-Bing eSudan, i-Yahoo isenabasebenzisi abaningi ezweni. Ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngosesho olujwayelekile lwewebhu njengezinye izinjini, inikeza ngamasevisi e-imeyili nezibuyekezo zezindaba. 4. I-Yandex (https://yandex.com): I-Yandex iyinjini yokusesha esekelwe e-Russian futhi esebenza ngaphakathi kwendawo eku-inthanethi yaseSudan enikeza ukusesha kwewebhu ngokugcizelela ekwenzeni okwasendaweni okuqukethwe kubasebenzisi. 5. I-DuckDuckGo (https://duckduckgo.com): Kulabo abathintekayo ngobumfihlo nokuvikelwa kwedatha ngenkathi basesha i-inthanethi eSudan noma kwenye indawo emhlabeni jikelele bangakhetha i-DuckDuckGo ngoba ayilandeleli imininingwane yomuntu njengoba kwenza ezinye izinjini zokusesha ezinkulu. 6. Ask.com (http://www.ask.com): Ngaphambilini bekwaziwa ngokuthi Ask Jeeves ngaphambi kokuthi iphinde izenzele igama elithi Ask.com., le nkundla egxile ekuphenduleni imibuzo ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babuze imibuzo ethile ezophendulwa ngochwepheshe noma kuthathwe kumawebhusayithi athembekile afana namagama angukhiye afakwe abasebenzisi. Lezi ezinye zezinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa eSudan; kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abantu abaningi basengasebenzisa ngokuyinhloko ama-giants global afana ne-Google ngezidingo zabo zokusesha ngenxa yokufinyelela kwabo okubanzi nokujwayelana kwabasebenzisi be-inthanethi emhlabeni wonke.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

Amakhasi Aphuzi amakhulu eSudan afaka okulandelayo: 1. I-Sudan Yellow Pages: Le webhusayithi inikeza uhla lwemibhalo lwamabhizinisi ahlukahlukene, izinhlangano, kanye nezinsizakalo eSudan. Ibala imininingwane yokuxhumana, amakheli, nezincazelo ezimfushane zohlu ngalunye. Ungavakashela iwebhusayithi yabo ku-www.sudanyellowpages.com. 2. I-South Sudan Yellow Pages: Ngamabhizinisi nezinkonzo ezitholakala ikakhulukazi e-South Sudan, ungabheka i-South Sudan Yellow Pages. Ihlinzeka ngezigaba eziningi ezinjengamahhotela, izindawo zokudlela, izibhedlela, amanyuvesi, nokunye. Iwebhusayithi yabo ithi www.southsudanyellowpages.com. 3. Juba-Link Business Directory: Lolu hlu lwemibhalo oluku-inthanethi lugxile emabhizinisini asebenza eJuba - inhloko-dolobha yaseSouth Sudan. Ihlinzeka ngemininingwane yokuxhumana nolwazi lwemikhakha eminingi ehlanganisa izinkampani zokwakha, abadayisi bezimoto, amabhange, amahhotela nokunye. Iwebhusayithi yabo ithi www.jubalink.biz. 4. Uhla Lwemibhalo Lwe-inthanethi lwe-Khartoum: Ngamabhizinisi azinze e-Khartoum - inhloko-dolobha yaseSudan - ungabheka lolu hlu lwemibhalo ukuze uthole uhlu lwasendaweni njengezindawo zokudlela, izikhungo zezitolo, izikhungo zezokwelapha, amahhotela njll. Isizindalwazi seKhartoum Online Directory sithi http://khartoumonline.net/. 5.YellowPageSudan.com: Le nkundla ihlose ukuxhuma abathengi namabhizinisi endawo kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukahlukene ezweni lonke. Iwebhusayithi inikeza umsebenzi wokusesha lapho abasebenzisi bangathola khona imikhiqizo ethile noma amasevisi abawafunayo kanye nemininingwane yokuxhumana. Ungafinyelela lesi sisetshenziswa ku-www.yellowpagesudan.com. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lezi zinkomba zingashintsha noma izibuyekezo zingenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; ngakho-ke kuhlale kululeka ukuthi uhlole kabili ukunemba kwazo ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile yebhizinisi noma izinqumo.

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

ISudan iyizwe eliseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika elinemboni ye-e-commerce ethuthukayo. Nawa amanye amapulatifomu amakhulu e-e-commerce eSudan kanye nama-URL ewebhusayithi yawo: 1. Markaz.com - Iwebhusayithi: https://www.markaz.com/ I-Markaz.com ingesinye sezinkundla ezihamba phambili ze-e-commerce eSudan, enikeza inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo ehlanganisa izinto zikagesi, imfashini, izinto zasendlini, imikhiqizo yobuhle, nokunye. 2. ALSHOP - Iwebhusayithi: http://alshop.sd/ I-ALSHOP enye inkundla ye-e-commerce edumile eSudan ehlinzeka ngezimpahla ezihlukahlukene ezifana ne-electronics, izingubo zokugqoka, izesekeli, izinto zasendlini, nemikhiqizo yezempilo nobuhle. 3. Khradel Online - Iwebhusayithi: https://www.khradelonline.com/ I-Khradel Online inikeza ukukhethwa okubanzi kwezinto zikagesi ezivela ezinkampanini ezidumile ezifana ne-Samsung ne-LG. Baphinde banikeze isevisi yamakhasimende ethembekile kanye nezinketho zokulethwa okusheshayo. 4. Neelain Mall - Iwebhusayithi: http://neelainmall.sd/ I-Neelain Mall inikeza uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo ehlanganisa izingubo zabesilisa nabesifazane, amagajethi kagesi, izinto zasendlini, izinto zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, izimonyo, nokunye okuningi. 5. I-Souq Jumia Sudan - Iwebhusayithi: https://souq.jumia.com.sd/ I-Souq Jumia Sudan iyingxenye ye-Jumia Group esebenza emazweni ahlukahlukene ase-Afrika. Banikeza uhla olubanzi lwemikhiqizo kusukela kogesi kuye kwemfashini kuya kokubalulekile kwasekhaya. 6. Isitolo se-Almatsani - Ikhasi le-Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Almatsanistore Isitolo se-Almatsani ngokuyinhloko sisebenza ekhasini laso le-Facebook lapho amakhasimende ekwazi ukuphequlula izigaba zemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene okuhlanganisa izitayela zemfashini zokugqoka kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukutholakala nokuduma kwalezi zinkundla kungase kwehluke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba isimo se-e-commerce sishintsha eSudan.

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

ISudan, izwe elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Afrika, inokukhula okukhulayo emhlabeni wedijithali enezinkundla zokuxhumana ezimbalwa ezidumile phakathi kwabantu bakhona. Nalu uhlu lwezinye zezinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu ezisetshenziswa eSudan kanye nama-URL ewebhusayithi yabo: 1. I-Facebook (https://www.facebook.com): I-Facebook ingenye yezinkundla zokuxhumana ezisetshenziswa kakhulu eSudan. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane nabangane nomndeni, babelane ngezibuyekezo, futhi bajoyine amaqembu noma amakhasi abawathandayo. 2. I-WhatsApp (https://www.whatsapp.com): I-WhatsApp uhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo oludumile oluvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathumele imiyalezo, benze amakholi ezwi nawevidiyo, futhi babelane ngokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia njengezithombe, amavidiyo, namadokhumenti. 3. I-Twitter (https://www.twitter.com): I-Twitter inikeza inkundla yezingxoxo zesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa imibhalo emifushane ebhalwe ngokuthi ama-tweets. Abasebenzisi bangalandela ama-akhawunti anentshisekelo kukho ukuze bathole izibuyekezo ezivela kubantu ngabanye noma ezinhlanganweni. 4. I-Instagram (https://www.instagram.com): I-Instagram igxile ekwabelaneni ngezithombe namavidiyo nabalandeli. Abasebenzisi bangahlela izithombe zabo besebenzisa izihlungi ezahlukahlukene namathuluzi okudala ngaphambi kokuzithumela kuphrofayela yabo. 5. I-YouTube (https://www.youtube.com): I-YouTube inikeza iqoqo elibanzi lamavidiyo alayishwa abantu ngabanye noma izinhlangano emhlabeni jikelele. Abasebenzisi baseSudan bavame ukusebenzisa le nkundla ngezinjongo zokuzijabulisa noma ukwabelana ngokuqukethwe okuhlobene namasiko nemicimbi. 6. I-LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com): I-LinkedIn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinjongo zokuxhumana ezichwepheshile. Ochwepheshe baseSudan basebenzisa le nkundla ukuze bakhe ukuxhumana phakathi kwezimboni zabo, babonise amakhono nolwazi kumaphrofayili, ukucinga amathuba emisebenzi, njll. 7. I-Telegram (https://telegram.org/): I-Telegram iwuhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo esheshayo olusekelwe emafini oludumile ngezici zalo zokuxhumana ezivikelekile ezifana namakhono okubhala ngemfihlo ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni. 8.Snapchat( https://www.snapchat.com/ ): I-Snapchat ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babelane ngezithombe zesikhashana noma amavidiyo amafushane aziwa ngokuthi ama-snap anyamalalayo ngemva kokubukwa ngabamukeli. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba lezi zinkundla zokuxhumana zidumile eSudan, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kungase kwehluke kubantu ngabanye ngokusekelwe kulokho abakuthandayo nezintshisekelo zabo.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

ISudan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseSudan, iyizwe elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Inomnotho ohlukene onezimboni nemikhakha eyahlukene. Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni eSudan zihlanganisa: 1. I-Sudan Businessmen and Employers Federation (SBEF) Iwebhusayithi http://www.sbefsudan.org/ I-SBEF imele imboni ezimele e-Sudan futhi ihlose ukukhuthaza imisebenzi yebhizinisi, ukuqinisa ubudlelwano bokuhwebelana, kanye nokusekela ukuthuthukiswa komnotho ezweni. 2. I-Agricultural Chamber of Commerce (ACC) Iwebhusayithi: Ayitholakali I-ACC igxile ekukhuthazeni imisebenzi yezolimo eSudan ngokunikeza isiqondiso, ukusekela, nokumelela abalimi, amabhizinisi ezolimo, kanye nababambiqhaza abahlobene. 3. I-Sudan Manufacturers Association (SMA) Iwebhusayithi http://sma.com.sd/ I-SMA imele abakhiqizi emikhakheni eyahlukene okuhlanganisa izindwangu, ukucubungula ukudla, amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini phakathi kokunye. 4. I-Chamber of Commerce and Industry Khartoum State (COCIKS) Leli gumbi lidlala indima ebalulekile njengenkundla yamabhizinisi asebenza ngaphakathi kweSifundazwe sase-Khartoum ngokwenza lula imisebenzi yokugqugquzela ezohwebo ngokusebenzisa imicimbi yenethiwekhi nokuhlinzeka ngezinsiza kosomabhizinisi. 5. Inhlangano Yezinkonzo Zebhange Nezezimali yaseSudan Iwebhusayithi: Ayitholakali Le nhlangano isebenza njengesambulela senhlangano emele amabhange nezikhungo zezezimali kulo lonke elaseSudan ukuze ikhuthaze ukubambisana phakathi kwamalungu ayo kuyilapho ithuthukisa nezinqubomgomo ezifaka isandla ekukhuleni komkhakha wamabhange. 6. Inhlangano Yemboni Yezobuchwepheshe Bolwazi - ITIA Iwebhusayithi: https://itia-sd.net/ I-ITIA igxile ekwesekeni umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe bolwazi ngokumela izinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye namabhizinisi kuyilapho iqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga emboni ayagcinwa. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ezinye izinhlangano zingase zingabi nawo amawebhusayithi azinikele noma amawebhusayithi azo angafinyeleleki ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yezimo ezithile ngaphakathi kwenhlangano ngayinye noma izinkinga zobuchwepheshe; ngakho ukutholakala kungahluka ngezikhathi ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ngemithombo ethembekile noma wenze ucwaningo olwengeziwe oluhlobene nesimo samanje salezi zinhlangano uma udinga ulwazi lwakamuva.

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

Nawa amawebhusayithi ezohwebo nezomnotho ahlobene neSudan: 1. I-Sudan Chambers of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) - http://www.sudanchamber.org/ I-SCCI yinhlangano esemthethweni enomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthuthukisa ezohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali eSudan. Isizindalwazi sabo sihlinzeka ngolwazi ngezinkonzo ezahlukene, amathuba ebhizinisi, imicimbi, kanye nezindaba ezihlobene nomnotho wezwe. 2. I-Sudan Investment Authority (SIA) - http://www.sudaninvest.org/ Iwebhusayithi ye-SIA inikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngamathuba okutshala imali emikhakheni ehlukene yomnotho waseSudan. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nemithetho, izimiso, izikhuthazo, amaphrojekthi, nezinqubomgomo zokuheha abatshalizimali basekhaya nabangaphandle. 3. Umkhandlu Wokukhuthaza Ukuthekelisa (EPC) - http://www.epc.gov.sd/ I-EPC ihlose ukuthuthukisa imisebenzi yokuthekelisa ngokunikeza abathumeli kwamanye amazwe isiqondiso esidingekayo, izinsizakalo ezisekelayo, ubuhlakani bemakethe, kanye nezinhlelo zokukhuthaza ukuthekelisa. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikeza izinsiza eziwusizo kubathumeli bangaphandle abafuna ukwandisa izimakethe zabo. 4. Ibhange Elikhulu LaseSudan (CBOS) - https://cbos.gov.sd/en/ I-CBOS inomthwalo wemfanelo wokwenza izinqubomgomo zezimali kanye nokuphatha uhlelo lwezezimali lwezwe. Iwebhusayithi yabo iqukethe idatha yezomnotho ebalulekile njengezinga lenzalo, izibalo zokwehla kwamandla emali, amanani okushintshanisa, imibiko yokusimama kwezimali. 5. Umnyango Wezohwebo Nezimboni - https://tradeindustry.gov.sd/en/homepage Lo mnyango kahulumeni osemthethweni wengamela izinqubomgomo eziphathelene nezohwebo eSudan. Isizindalwazi sihlinzeka ngezibuyekezo ngezivumelwano/ubudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe obuthinta uhwebo kanye nemihlahlandlela yezinqubo zokungenisa/zokuthekelisa. 6. I-Khartoum Stock Exchange (KSE) - https://kse.com.sd/index.php I-KSE iyimakethe yesitoko eyinhloko eSudan lapho izinkampani zingafaka khona uhlu lwamasheya azo ngezinjongo zokuhweba noma abatshalizimali bengathola ulwazi mayelana nokusebenza kwezinkampani ezisohlwini nemisebenzi yemakethe ngale webhusayithi. 7.Tendersinfo.com/Sudan-Tenders.asp Kulabo abathanda ukubamba iqhaza kumathenda okuthengwa kwempahla yomphakathi ngaphakathi kweSudan noma ekutholeni amathuba ebhizinisi, le webhusayithi inikeza imininingwane ebanzi. Sicela wazi ukuthi ukutholakala nokusebenza kwalawa mawebhusayithi kungahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

Kunamawebhusayithi ambalwa emibuzo yedatha yokuhweba atholakalayo eSudan. Nazi ezinye zazo: 1. I-Sudan Trade Point: Le webhusayithi inikeza izinsiza ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nokuhweba eSudan, okuhlanganisa izibalo zohwebo, imithetho yokungenisa nokuthekelisa, amathuba okutshala izimali, kanye nemibhalo yebhizinisi. Ungafinyelela esigabeni sabo sedatha yezohwebo ku: https://www.sudantradepoint.gov.sd/ 2. I-COMTRADE: I-COMTRADE iyinqolobane yeNhlangano Yezizwe yezibalo zezohwebo zamazwe ngamazwe ezisemthethweni kanye namathebula okuhlaziya afanelekile. Ungasesha idatha yokuhweba yaseSudan ngokukhetha izwe nesikhathi osifunayo kokuthi: https://comtrade.un.org/ 3. I-World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): I-WITS isofthiwe ethuthukiswe yiBhange Lomhlaba evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlole ukuhwebelana kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe ngamashadi apopayi namamephu noma ukulanda amadathasethi aphelele ngezinjongo zokuhlaziya. Ungangena kusizindalwazi sabo ngokukhetha "iSudan" njengezwe endaweni yokusesha kuleli khasi: https://wits.worldbank.org/ 4. Isikhungo Sokuhweba Samazwe Ngamazwe (ITC): I-ITC ihlinzeka ngamathuluzi okuhlaziya imakethe okuhlanganisa ukuhlola okungase kube khona ukuthekelisa, izifinyezo zemakethe, kanye nezifundo eziqondene nomkhiqizo ukusiza amabhizinisi enze izinqumo ezinolwazi ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. Isizindalwazi sabo sinikeza ukufinyelela ezinsizeni ezahlukene ezihlobene nemisebenzi yezohwebo yaseSudan ku: https://www.intracen.org/marketanalysis Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanye alawa mawebhusayithi angadinga ukubhaliswa noma ukubhalisa ukuze athole imininingwane enemininingwane noma amasethi athile edatha angaphezu kwedatha eyisisekelo etholakalayo ukuze isetshenziswe umphakathi mahhala.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

Nazi ezinye izinkundla ze-B2B eSudan kanye namawebhusayithi abo: 1. Indawo Yemakethe yaseSudan B2B - www.sudanb2bmarketplace.com Le nkundla ixhuma abathengi nabathengisi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okubandakanya ezolimo, ezokukhiqiza, nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. 2. I-SudanTradeNet - www.sudantradenet.com I-SudanTradeNet iyinkundla eku-inthanethi eyenza kube lula ukuhwebelana phakathi kwamabhizinisi aseSudan ngokuhlinzeka ngezinketho zokukhokha ezivikelekile nokusekelwa kwezinto. 3. Amakhasi Ebhizinisi Lase-Afrika - sudan.afribiz.info I-Africa Business Pages iyinkomba ephelele yamabhizinisi aseSudan. Inikeza inkundla yokuxhumana kwe-B2B nokukhuthazwa kwebhizinisi. 4. I-TradeBoss - www.tradeboss.com/sudan I-TradeBoss ihlose ukuxhumanisa amabhizinisi endawo nabalingani bomhlaba wonke, inikeze amathuba ohwebo emikhakheni eminingi njengokwakha, okogesi, nezindwangu. 5. I-Afrikta - afrikta.com/sudan-directory I-Afrikta ihlinzeka ngohla lwemibhalo lwezinkampani ezisebenza eSudan kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukahlukene njengezolimo, ezezimayini, ezamandla, ezokuvakasha kanye nobuchwepheshe. 6. eTender.gov.sd/zu I-eTender ingosi esemthethweni yokuthengwa kwempahla kahulumeni yamabhidi namathenda aqondiswe emabhizinisini abheke ukuhlinzeka ngezimpahla noma amasevisi ezinkampanini zikahulumeni eSudan. 7. I-Bizcommunity – www.bizcommunity.africa/sd/196.html I-Bizcommunity inikeza izibuyekezo zezindaba ezihlobene nemisebenzi yebhizinisi kanye nenkomba yezinkampani ezisebenza ngaphakathi kwezimboni zezwe. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ezinye zalezi zinkundla zingahle ziqonde ezifundeni ezithile noma zibe neminikelo ekhawulelwe ngaphakathi kwesikhala se-B2B eSudan. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole iwebhusayithi ngayinye ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngamasevisi atholakalayo abawanikezayo.
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