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I-Iceland, etholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, iyizwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic. Yaziwa ngobuhle bayo bemvelo obumangalisayo, okuhlanganisa izintaba-mlilo, amagiza, iziphethu ezishisayo, nezinguzunga zeqhwa. Njengoba inabantu ababalelwa ku-360,000, i-Iceland inenani eliphansi labantu eYurophu. Inhloko-dolobha nedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke yiReykjavik. Ulimi olusemthethweni olukhulunywa isi-Icelandic. Umnotho wase-Iceland uncike kakhulu kwezokuvakasha nokudoba. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezokuvakasha ziye zadlondlobala ngenxa yezindawo zazo eziyingqayizivele nezikhangayo njengeBlue Lagoon kanye neNorthern Lights. Ukwengeza, izwe selithuthukise imboni yamandla avuselelekayo ekhulayo lisebenzisa izinsiza zayo eziningi ze-geothermal kanye nogesi ophehlwa ngamanzi. Naphezu kokuba iyizwe eliyisiqhingi elinenani elincane labantu, i-Iceland yenze umnikelo obalulekile wamasiko esigabeni somhlaba. Inesiko elicebile lemibhalo nababhali abaningana abagqamile abafana noHalldór Laxness abazuza udumo emhlabeni wonke ngemisebenzi yabo. Abaculi bomculo base-Iceland abanjengoBjörk nabo sebezuze ukuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. Izwe libeka ukubaluleka okukhulu ezinhlelweni zezemfundo nezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. I-Iceland inamazinga aphezulu okufunda nokubhala futhi inikeza imfundo yamahhala kusukela enkulisa kuya ezingeni lasenyuvesi kuzo zonke izakhamuzi. Ngokwepolitiki, i-Iceland isebenza njenge-republic yentando yeningi emele ephalamende. UMongameli wase-Iceland usebenza njengenhloko yezwe kodwa unamandla alinganiselwe kuyilapho igunya eliphezulu likuNdunankulu ikakhulukazi. Umphakathi wase-Icelandic ukhuthaza ukulingana ngokobulili futhi amalungelo e-LGBTQ+ avikelwe umthetho kusukela ngo-1996 okuyenza ibe ngelinye lamazwe anenqubekela phambili kulokhu emhlabeni jikelele. Sengiphetha, i-Iceland inikezela ngezindawo zemvelo ezimangalisayo ezihlanganiswe ne-Nordic charm okwenza kube indawo ethokozisayo kubahambi abafuna ukuzijabulisa noma ukuphumula phakathi nendawo ebabazekayo kuyilapho bejabulela amagugu ayo amasiko abunjwe amasiko emibhalo ayingqayizivele kanye nokugcizelela okuqinile kumagugu afana nokulingana.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic eliseNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inohlobo lwemali yayo ehlukile eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Icelandic króna (ISK). Uphawu olusetshenziselwa uhlobo lwemali ngu-"kr" noma "ISK". I-króna yesi-Icelandic ihlukaniswe yaba amayunithi amancane abizwa ngokuthi i-aurar, nakuba lawa manje engasasetshenziswa. I-króna engu-1 ilingana ne-100 aurar. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali kanye nezinguquko kuzinqubo zabathengi, amanani amaningi afinyezwa izinombolo eziphelele. I-Central Bank yase-Iceland, eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-Seðlabanki Íslands," inesibopho sokukhipha nokulawula uhlobo lwemali. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo kwezomnotho kanye nokulawula ukwehla kwamandla emali e-Iceland. Nakuba i-Iceland isalokhu iyisizwe esizimele esinohlelo lwayo lwemali, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amanye amabhizinisi amakhulu ahlinzeka izivakashi angase amukele izimali ezinkulu zangaphandle njengamadola aseMelika noma ama-euro. Kodwa-ke, kuhlala kunconywa ukuthi ushintshisane ngemali yakho yangaphandle uye e-Icelandic króna lapho uvakashele izwe. Ama-ATM angatholakala kuwo wonke amadolobha amakhulu namadolobhana lapho ungakhipha khona i-Icelandic króna usebenzisa ikhadi lakho ledebhithi noma lesikweletu. Ukwengeza, amabhange endawo amaningana asebenzisa izinsiza zokushintshisana lapho ongaguqula khona izimali ezihlukene zibe i-ISK. Njenganoma iyiphi isistimu yemali yezwe, kuyatuseka ukuthi uhlale unolwazi mayelana namazinga okushintshanisa imali futhi ulandelele ukuthi uchitha malini ngesikhathi sakho e-Iceland.

Ithenda esemthethweni e-Iceland yi-Icelandic Krona (ISK). Nawa amanani okushintshanisa alinganiselwe wezinye zemali ezinkulu emhlabeni uma kuqhathaniswa ne-krone: Idola lase-US eli-1 cishe li-130-140 Icelandic Kronor (USD/ISK) I-euro engu-1 ilingana cishe ne-150-160 Icelandic Kronor (EUR/ISK) Iphawundi elingu-1 cishe li-170-180 Icelandic Kronor (GBP/ISK) Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izibalo ezingenhla ngezereferensi kuphela futhi izinga lokushintshanisa langempela lingaphansi kokuguquguquka kwemakethe.

I-Iceland, eyaziwa ngokuthi izwe lomlilo neqhwa, iyizwe elinamasiko acebile kanye nendabuko eyingqayizivele. Igubha amaholide abalulekile ahlukahlukene unyaka wonke. Nawa amaholide abalulekile e-Icelandic: 1) Usuku Lokuzimela (Juni 17th): Leli holide likazwelonke likhumbula ukuzimela kwe-Iceland ku-Denmark ngo-1944. Ligujwa ngama-parade, amakhonsathi, nemibuthano yomphakathi ezweni lonke. Imikhosi ivamise ukufaka umculo wendabuko wase-Icelandic, izinkulumo zezicukuthwane, neziqhumane. 2) Þorrablót: I-Þorrablót umkhosi waphakathi nobusika wasendulo ogujwa ngoJanuwari/Februwari ukuhlonipha u-Thorri, unkulunkulu wesithwathwa kuzinganekwane zamaNorse. Kuhilela ukuzitika ngokudla okungokwesiko kwesi-Icelandic njengenyama eselashiwe (kuhlanganise noshaka ovutshiwe), amakhanda ezimvu afakwe emanzini anosawoti (svið), uphuzo lwegazi (blóðmör), nenhlanzi eyomisiwe. 3) Ukuziqhenya kwe-Reykjavik: Kubhekwa njengenye yemikhosi yokuziqhenya ye-LGBTQ+ emikhulu kakhulu e-Europe, i-Reykjavik Pride yenzeka minyaka yonke ngo-Agasti. Umkhosi uhlose ukukhuthaza ukulingana namalungelo abantu bonke abantu ngaphandle kokukhetha ubulili noma ubulili. Ihlanganisa ama-parade anemibala, amakhonsathi angaphandle, imibukiso yobuciko, nemicimbi ehlukahlukene ethuthukisa ukubandakanywa. 4) Ubusuku Bangaphambi kukaKhisimusi noSuku LukaKhisimusi: Kugujwa ngentshiseko enkulu e-Iceland njengamanye amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, usuku olwandulela uKhisimusi luphawula ukuqala kwemikhosi. Imindeni ibuthana ukuze idle isidlo samaholide okulandelwa ukushintshisana ngezipho phakathi kwamabili lapho ishintshela osukwini lukaKhisimusi ngokusemthethweni. Abantu abaningi base-Iceland baya emisa yaphakathi kwamabili emasontweni endawo. 5) Ubusuku Bangaphambi Kukancibijane: Abantu base-Iceland bavalelisa onyakeni omdala ngokuzitika ngeziqhumane ezinhle ezikhanyisa isibhakabhaka saseReykjavik kulobu busuku obunezigigaba. Imililo evuthayo iphinde ibaswe kuwo wonke amadolobha ukuze ifanekise ukuqeda amashwa amadala ngenkathi yamukela iziqalo ezintsha. Le mikhosi ihlinzeka amazwibela ngamagugu amasiko e-Iceland kuyilapho ikhombisa ukuzibophezela kwayo ekuzimele, ukwehlukahlukana, namasiko. Baziswa abantu base-Iceland futhi baheha izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke ezifisa ukuzwa imikhosi eyingqayizivele nokunotha kwamasiko kwaleli zwe elimangalisayo.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic elitholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inomnotho omncane kodwa onamandla oqhutshwa ngokuyinhloko ukudoba kanye nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Ukuhweba kudlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni wase-Iceland. Izwe lithembele kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe ukuze lisimamise ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa komnotho walo. I-Iceland ngokuyinhloko ithumela izinhlanzi nemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi kwamanye amazwe, okubalela ingxenye enkulu yokuthunyelwa kwayo kwamanye amazwe. Amanzi ayo ahlanzekile ahlinzeka ngezinsiza eziningi zasolwandle njenge-cod, i-herring, ne-mackerel, ethunyelwa emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi, i-Iceland iphinde ithumele i-aluminium kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yobuningi bayo bamandla avela ku-geothermal asetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa. I-Aluminium yenza enye impahla enkulu yokuthekelisa e-Iceland. Mayelana nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, i-Iceland incike kakhulu emishinini nasezintweni zokuthutha ezifana nezimoto nezingxenye zendiza. Ukwengeza, ingenisa imikhiqizo ye-petroleum njengoba incike kakhulu emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ukuze isetshenziswe naphezu kwemizamo yokuthola imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Abalingani abakhulu be-Iceland bokuhweba bahlanganisa amazwe ase-Europe afana neJalimane, i-United Kingdom, i-Belgium, i-Denmark (kuhlanganise ne-Greenland), i-Norway ne-Spain. Iphinde ibe nobudlelwano obubalulekile bokuhweba ne-United States. Umqedazwe we-COVID-19 ube nomthelela ekuhwebeni komhlaba wonke okuhlanganisa nomnotho wase-Iceland ogxile kwamanye amazwe. Izinyathelo zokuvala umgwaqo emhlabeni wonke zaholela ekwehleni kwesidingo semikhiqizo yasolwandle yase-Icelandic okuholela ekwehleni kwamavolumu okuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngo-2020. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukusatshalaliswa komgomo kuqhubeka emhlabeni wonke ngo-2021 kunethemba lokuthi izolulama njengoba izimakethe zivulwa kabusha. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukwanda kwezokuvakasha nakho kube negalelo elikhulu ekukhiqizeni imali yase-Iceland; kodwa-ke imikhawulo yokuhamba edalwe wubhubhane ibe nomthelela omkhulu kulo mkhakha. Sekukonke, nakuba siyisizwe esincane esinemithombo yemvelo elinganiselwe ngaphandle kwezindawo zokudoba kanye nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla okushisa komhlaba - okugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium - ngokusebenzisana kwezohwebo namazwe amaningana aseYurophu nangale kwawo kuvumela ukufinyeleleka kwezimpahla zase-Icleandic ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe okukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho.

I-Iceland, izwe elincane eliyisiqhingi eliseNyakatho ye-Atlantic, linamandla athembisayo okuthuthukisa imakethe yalo yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe. Naphezu kwesibalo esincane sabantu nobukhulu bayo, indawo ekahle ye-Iceland iyenza ibe sesimweni esihle sokuhwebelana namazwe ngamazwe. Enye yamandla amakhulu e-Iceland isezisetshenziswa zayo eziningi zamandla avuselelekayo. Izwe laziwa ngezimboni zalo zokuphehla ugesi osuka ku- geothermal kanye nogesi ngamanzi, ezihlinzeka ngemithombo yamandla ahlanzekile futhi esimeme. Lokhu kusizakala kwemvelo kungaheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe abafuna ukusungula izimboni ezidinga amandla kagesi noma bafune ukufinyelela kuzixazululo zamandla avuselelekayo angabizi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Iceland inezinhlobonhlobo zemithombo yemvelo njengezinhlanzi, i-aluminium, namaminerali. Imboni yezokudoba iye yaba neqhaza elikhulu emnothweni wezwe amakhulu eminyaka. Nge-Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) engenye yezinkulu e-Europe, i-Iceland inezinsiza zasolwandle eziningi ezingasetshenziselwa ukwandisa ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane zasolwandle emhlabeni wonke. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-Iceland iphinde yabona ukukhula emkhakheni wayo wezokuvakasha. Izindawo ezimangalisayo zezwe ezihlanganisa izinguzunga zeqhwa, izimpophoma nama-geyers zihehe izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yalokho, kube nokukhula kwesidingo semikhiqizo yase-Icelandic efana nemisebenzi yezandla yasendaweni nezinto eziyisikhumbuzo. Ngokusebenzisa le mboni yezokuvakasha ekhulayo kanye nokukhangisa imikhiqizo ehlukile ye-Icelandic phesheya, izwe lingakwazi ukungena ezimakethe ezintsha futhi likhiqize imali eyengeziwe yokuthekelisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba yingxenye ye-European Economic Area (EEA) kunikeza i-Iceland ithuba lokufinyelela emakethe enkulu yabathengi ngaphakathi kwe-European Union (EU). Lobu bulungu buvumela ukuhlelwa kokuhweba okukhethekile namazwe angamalungu e-EU kuyilapho kunikezwa amathuba okuhlanganyela noma ubudlelwano nezinkampani zaseYurophu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi i-Iceland ihlukanise iphothifoliyo yayo yokuthekelisa ngaphandle kwemikhakha evamile njengokudoba nokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium. Ngokutshala imali emizamweni yocwaningo nentuthuko ehloselwe izimboni eziqhutshwa izinto ezintsha ezifana nobuchwepheshe noma izinqubo zezolimo ezisimeme ezifanelaniswe nezimo ezibandayo ezifana nezabo, i-Iceland ingakha izimakethe ze-niche lapho ingaphumelela khona emhlabeni jikelele. Sengiphetha, "I-Iceland inamandla amakhulu angake asetshenziswe ekuthuthukisweni kwemakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle. Imithombo yayo emikhulu yamandla avuselelekayo, inala yemithombo yemvelo, umkhakha wezokuvakasha ophumelelayo, kanye nobulungu be-European Economic Area kuyibeka kahle ekuthuthukisweni komnotho. Ngokuhlukanisa iphothifoliyo yayo yokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe. kanye nokutshala imali ezimbonini eziqhutshwa izinto ezintsha, i-Iceland inganweba ubukhona bayo bemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. "

Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni imikhiqizo ezothengiswa ngaphandle, i-Iceland inezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezihlukile. Uma kubhekwa indawo yayo eyingqayizivele kanye nemboni yezokuvakasha ethuthukayo, izigaba ezithile zemikhiqizo cishe zidingeka kakhulu emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Okokuqala, i-Iceland yaziwa ngezindawo zayo zemvelo ezimangalisayo kanye nemithombo ye-geothermal. Lokhu kwenza imikhiqizo ehlobene ne-eco-tourism nemisebenzi yangaphandle idume kakhulu. Izimpahla zangaphandle ezifana namabhuzu okugibela izintaba, izinto zokukhempa, nezingubo ezishisayo kungaba izinto ezithengiswa kakhulu. Okwesibili, i-Iceland iphinde yazuza ukuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele ngemboni yayo yekhwalithi ephezulu yezilwane zasolwandle. Ngenxa yobuningi bezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezizungeze izwe lesiqhingi, ukuthumela ngaphandle imikhiqizo yasolwandle efana nezibopho zezinhlanzi ezisanda kufakwa noma eziqandisiwe noma i-salmon ebhemayo kungaba yinzuzo enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uvolo wase-Icelandic waziwa ngekhwalithi yawo engavamile nokufudumala. Amajezi aluniwe enziwe ngoboya bezimvu zase-Iceland awagcini nje ngokufashisayo kodwa futhi anikeza ukufudumala ebusika obubandayo. Lezi zingubo eziyingqayizivele zingadonsela ukunaka kubathengi abakhathalela imfashini emhlabeni wonke. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nentshisekelo ekhulayo ebuhleni bemvelo kanye nemikhiqizo ye-skincare eyenziwe ngezithako ze-organic noma ezitholakala ngokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kunikeza ithuba lokuthi i-Iceland ithumele imigqa ekhethekile yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba ethathwe ezitshalweni zomdabu ezifana namajikijolo ase-Arctic noma ubulembu obaziwa ngezakhiwo zabo zokulwa ne-antioxidant. Okokugcina, imisebenzi yezandla yendabuko yase-Icelandic efana nokubaza ngokhuni noma izitsha zobumba ibonisa amagugu acebile ezwe. Le misebenzi yezandla eyenziwe ngezandla ingakhanga izivakashi ezifuna izikhumbuzo zangempela noma abantu abathanda ukusekela ama-artisan endawo. Sengiphetha, lapho kucutshungulwa ukukhethwa komkhiqizo ukuze kuthekeliswe ngempumelelo emakethe yase-Icelandic, kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukugxila egiyeni langaphandle elihlobene nemisebenzi ye-eco-tourism efana nemishini yokuhamba izintaba nezingubo ezishisayo; ukudla kwasolwandle okuphambili njengezibopho zezinhlanzi ezintsha noma eziqandisiwe; amajezi ama-knitted enziwe ngoboya base-Icelandic; imigqa yokunakekela isikhumba etholakala ezitshalweni zendabuko; kanye nemisebenzi yezandla yendabuko ebonisa isiko eliyingqayizivele lase-Iceland.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic elitholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inezici zamakhasimende ezihlukile nezingavumelekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kuxhunyanwa nabantu bendawo. Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zamakhasimende e-Iceland umuzwa wabo oqinile wokukhetha abantu ngabanye. Amakhasimende ase-Icelandic aziwa ngokukwazisa ukuzimela kwawo nobumfihlo. Bayayazisa indawo yomuntu siqu futhi bakhetha ukungaminyanisi ngokweqile noma ukuphazanyiswa abanye lapho benza imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke. Amakhasimende ase-Icelandic nawo anezinga eliphezulu lemikhiqizo namasevisi wekhwalithi. Balindele ukuthi izimpahla zibe sezingeni eliphezulu futhi izinsiza zisebenze kahle futhi zisebenze ngobungcweti. Kubalulekile ukuthi amabhizinisi abeke phambili ukuletha imikhiqizo noma amasevisi asezingeni eliphezulu ahlangabezana nalokhu okulindelekile. Ukwengeza, amakhasimende ase-Icelandic athambekele ekwaziseni ukwethembeka nokungafihli lutho ekuhwebeni kwebhizinisi. Bayakwazisa ukuxhumana ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kwe-ajenda efihliwe noma imizamo yokukhohlisa. Ngokuphathelene nezithiyo, kubalulekile ukungaxoxi ngezihloko ezibucayi ezihlobene nomnotho wase-Iceland njengenkinga yamabhange noma izinkinga zezezimali phakathi nezingxoxo namakhasimende ase-Iceland. Ukwengeza, ukuxoxa ngezombangazwe nakho kungathathwa njengokungafanele ngaphandle kokuthi kuqalwe yikhasimende ngokwalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivakashi kufanele zihloniphe indawo yemvelo e-Iceland njengoba ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu bendawo. Ukulahla udoti noma ukungayihloniphi imvelo kudumaza kakhulu njengoba abantu base-Iceland benenhlonipho ejulile ngendawo yabo ehlanzekile. Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi ukunikeza ithiphu akulindelekile noma kuvame e-Iceland. Ngokungafani namanye amazwe lapho ukunikezwa kwethipha kungase kube isiko, izinkokhiso zesevisi ngokuvamile zifakwa phakathi kwebhili ezindaweni zokudlela noma emahhotela. Ngokuqonda lezi zici zekhasimende kanye nokuthobela imithetho eshiwo ngenhla, amabhizinisi angakwazi ukusebenzelana ngokuphumelelayo namakhasimende ase-Iceland kuyilapho ehlonipha izindinganiso zamasiko nezintandokazi zawo.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic eliseNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inohlelo lokuphatha amasiko oluhleleke kahle futhi olusebenzayo. Imithethonqubo yezwe yokungena kwempahla ihlose ukugcina ukuphepha, ukulawula ukuhamba kwezimpahla, kanye nokuphoqelela imithetho yokuhwebelana yamazwe ngamazwe. Lapho befika ezikhumulweni zezindiza zase-Icelandic noma emachwebeni, abahambi kudingeka bahambe ngezinqubo zenkambiso. Izakhamizi ezingezona eze-European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) kufanele zigcwalise ifomu lesimemezelo sentela ukuze zimemezele noma yiziphi izimpahla ezifika nazo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinto ezinjengotshwala, ugwayi, izibhamu nezindodla zemali. Mayelana nemikhawulo yokungenisa, i-Iceland inemithetho eqinile emikhiqizweni yokudla ngenxa yendawo yayo ekude kanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo. Akuvunyelwe ukuletha izithelo ezintsha, imifino noma inyama engaphekiwe ezweni ngaphandle kwezimvume ezifanele. Uma kukhulunywa ngezibonelelo zamahhala zezinto zomuntu siqu ezilethwa e-Iceland yizihambi ezivela ngaphandle kwesifunda se-EU/EEA, kunemikhawulo ethile ephoqelelwa i-Icelandic Customs. Lezi zibonelelo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa inani elithile lotshwala nemikhiqizo kagwayi engalethwa ngaphandle kokukhokha intela. Izikhulu zakwa-Icelandic Customs zingase zihlole imithwalo ngokungahleliwe noma ngokusekelwe ekusoleni. Abahambi kufanele babambisane uma imithwalo yabo ikhethelwa ukuhlolwa ngokunikeza izimpendulo ezithembekile futhi bethule ama-invoyisi noma amarisidi afanelekile lapho bebuzwa. Izivakashi ezisuka e-Iceland kufanele ziqaphele ukuthi kunemikhawulo yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezinye izinto zobuciko zamasiko kanye nezitshalo nezilwane ezivikelwe ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-CITES. Lezi zinto zidinga izimvume ezikhethekile zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Sengiphetha, i-Iceland igcina imithetho eqinile yamasiko ephathelene nezinto ezithengwayo nezithunyelwa ngaphandle ukuze kuvikelwe indawo ezungezile futhi kugcinwe izinqubo zokuhweba ezinobulungiswa. Abahambi bamazwe ngamazwe kufanele bazijwayeze le mithetho ngaphambi kokuvakashela izwe kuyilapho beqonda ukuthi ukuthobela le mithetho kubalulekile ekungeneni okungenazinkinga nokusuka e-Iceland.

I-Iceland, izwe elincane eliyisiqhingi eliseNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, linezinqubomgomo zentela yokungenisa impahla ehlukile. Izwe lisebenzisa izintela ezivela kwamanye amazwe ezimpahleni nasezikhiqizweni ezehlukene eziza kuleli ukuze kuvikelwe izimboni zakuleli futhi kungenisele uhulumeni imali. Inqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa yase-Iceland isuselwe ohlelweni lwentela oluhlukanisa izimpahla ezingenisiwe ngezigaba ezahlukene. Izintela zibekwe nguhulumeni wase-Icelandic ukuze alawule ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe futhi akhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwendawo. Umgomo uwukwenza ukulingana phakathi kokweseka izimboni zasekhaya ngenkathi kuhlangatshezwana nesidingo sabathengi sezimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Izilinganiso zentela ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwezimpahla ezingeniswayo. Izinto ezibalulekile ezifana nokudla, imithi, kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka ngokuvamile zinezintela zokungenisa eziphansi noma azikho ezisetshenziswa kuzo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto zikanokusho noma lezo ezincintisana nemikhiqizo ekhiqizwa kuleli zingase zibhekane nezindleko eziphezulu. Ngokungeziwe ezindlekweni ezithile zemikhiqizo ngayinye, i-Iceland iphinde ibeke intela ye-value-added (VAT) ezimpahleni eziningi ezingenisiwe. I-VAT okwamanje isethwe ku-24%, eyengezwa enanini eliphelele lento okuhlanganisa nanoma yimiphi imisebenzi yentela noma ezinye izinkokhiso. Kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi okunye ukukhululwa nokucatshangelwa okukhethekile kukhona kunqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa yase-Iceland. Isibonelo, ukungenisa okuthile okuvela emazweni angaphakathi kwe-European Economic Area (EEA) kukhululiwe emithelweni yentela ngenxa yezivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala nalawa mazwe. Ukwengeza, amabhizinisi athile angase afanelekele izinkokhelo ezincishisiwe noma eziyekiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ezishiwo umthetho wase-Icelandic. Ukuze uzulazule ohlelweni lwentela yokungenisa eyinkimbinkimbi yase-Iceland ngendlela efanele, kubalulekile ukuthi abantu ngabanye namabhizinisi abandakanyekayo ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe babonisane nochwepheshe abafana nama-Customs brokers noma ochwepheshe bezomthetho abanganikeza ulwazi olunembile mayelana nezigaba zemikhiqizo ethile nezintela ezihlobene nayo. Kafushane, i-Iceland isebenzisa izintela zokungenisa ezweni ikakhulukazi ngohlelo lwayo lwentela olusekelwe ezigabeni ezihlukene zemikhiqizo. Inhloso enkulu wukweseka izimboni zakuleli ngesikhathi sisavumela ukuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe okudingwa abathengi. I-Value-added tax (VAT) nayo idinga ukucatshangelwa lapho kubalwa izindleko eziphelele zokungenisa impahla e-Iceland.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic elitholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inenqubomgomo yentela ethokozisayo ehlobene nezimpahla zayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Uhulumeni wase-Iceland usebenzise uhlelo lwe-value-added tax (VAT) olusebenza emikhiqizweni nasezinkonzweni zakhe. Ezimpahleni ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, i-Iceland ilandela inqubomgomo ye-VAT enesilinganiso esiyiqanda. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma amabhizinisi ethengisa imikhiqizo noma amasevisi awo ngaphandle kwemingcele yezwe, akudingekile ukuba akhokhe noma iyiphi i-VAT kulokhu kuthengiselana. Izimpahla ezikhishelwe ngaphandle azikhokhiswa intela eqondile lapho kuthengiswa khona. Inqubomgomo ye-VAT enesilinganiso esiyiqanda ihlose ukukhuthaza ukuhwebelana nokukhuthaza amabhizinisi ase-Iceland ukuthi azibandakanye ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. Isiza ukwenza imikhiqizo yesi-Icelandic iqhudelane kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele ngokuyivumela ukuthi ithengiswe ngamanani aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe lapho izintela zisetshenziswa khona ekuthunyelweni. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zingeke zikhokhwe ngokushesha kwi-VAT, zisengahlangabezana nezintela kanye nentela ebekwe izwe elingenisayo lapho zifika. Lezi zintela zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yimisebenzi yokungenisa ezweni noma imisebenzi yezimpahla futhi zisethwa yizwe ngalinye ngokusekelwe emithethweni yalo. Ukuphetha, i-Iceland yamukela inqubomgomo ye-VAT enezinga elinguziro ezimpahleni zayo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhizinisi athumela imikhiqizo yawo esuka e-Iceland akufanele akhokhe noma iyiphi i-VAT ngaphakathi kwezwe ngokwalo kodwa asengabhekana nentela yokungenisa ebekwe izwe elingenisayo.

I-Iceland, eyaziwa ngezindawo zayo ezimangalisayo nezimangaliso zemvelo, nayo yaziwa ngomkhakha wayo wokuthekelisa. Njengezwe elinezinsiza ezilinganiselwe kanye nenani labantu abambalwa, i-Iceland igxile emikhiqizweni yekhwalithi ephezulu eletha inzuzo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Iziphathimandla zase-Iceland zisungule izinqubo eziqinile zokunikeza isitifiketi sokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imikhiqizo ephuma ezweni ihlangabezana namazinga nemithethonqubo yomhlaba. Lezi zitifiketi ziqinisekisa ubuqiniso nekhwalithi yokuthunyelwa kwe-Icelandic kwamanye amazwe, okukhuthaza ukwethembana phakathi kwabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Isitifiketi esisodwa esivelele sokuthekelisa e-Iceland sihlobene nemikhiqizo yezokudoba. Uma kubhekwa izindawo zayo zokudoba ezinothile kanye nemboni echumayo yezilwane zasolwandle, indawo yokudoba yase-Iceland isithole ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke ngemikhuba yayo eqhubekayo kanye nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu. I-Icelandic Responsible Fisheries Management Certification ikhishwa izinhlangano ezizimele zezinkampani zangaphandle ngemva kokuhlola ukuthobela kwemikhumbi yezokudoba izindinganiso zokusimama kwemvelo. Esinye isitifiketi esibalulekile sokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe siphathelene nobuchwepheshe bamandla e-geothermal. Njengomunye wabaholi bomhlaba ekusebenziseni izinsiza ze-geothermal, i-Iceland inikeza izixazululo ezintsha kulo mkhakha. I-Geothermal Technology Export Certification iqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza noma amasevisi ahlobene namandla ashisayo ahlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha, amazinga okusebenza, nemithethonqubo yemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhakha wezolimo wase-Iceland nawo udlala indima enkulu ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe. I-Organic Agricultural Products Certification iqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zezolimo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zisuka e-Iceland zithobelana nezinqubo zokulima eziqinile ngaphandle kwezinto zokwenziwa noma amakhemikhali ayingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izitifiketi ezimbalwa zidlala indima ebalulekile lapho kuthunyelwa izimpahla ezihlukahlukene ezivela e-Iceland njengezitifiketi zokucubungula ukudla (zemikhiqizo yobisi noma inyama), izitifiketi zokuphepha zezimonyo (zemikhiqizo ye-skincare noma yobuhle), izitifiketi zokuphepha komkhiqizo kagesi (zezinto zikagesi ezikhiqizwa lapho), njll. . Sengiphetha, abathumeli bangaphandle base-Icelandic balandela izinqubo eziqinile zokunikeza izitifiketi kuzo zonke izimboni ezifana nokuqinisekiswa kokusimama kwemikhiqizo yezokudoba, ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe bamandla okushisa komhlaba, ukuqinisekiswa kwezinqubo zezolimo zemvelo phakathi kokunye. Lezi zitifiketi azigcini nje ngokuvikela isithunzi sokuthunyelwa kwe-Icelandic kwamanye amazwe kodwa futhi zifaka isandla ekukhuleni komnotho kwawo wonke kuyilapho kugcinwa inhlonipho yemvelo nezimiso zokusimama.

I-Iceland, eyaziwa ngendawo yayo yemvelo emangalisayo kanye namagugu amasiko ayingqayizivele, inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinsizakalo zokusekela ukusekela ukusebenza kwebhizinisi nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Nazi ezinye izinsiza ezinconyiwe zokungena e-Iceland: 1. Ukuthutha Ngezindiza: I-Iceland inokuxhumana okuhle kakhulu emoyeni, kanti isikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu samazwe ngamazwe kuyi-Keflavik International Airport eduze ne-Reykjavik. Izindiza eziningana ezithwala impahla zisebenza e-Iceland, zihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezisebenzayo zokuthutha izimpahla emhlabeni jikelele. Isikhumulo sezindiza sinikezela ngezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene zokuphatha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba komsebenzi okushelelayo kanye nokulethwa ngesikhathi. 2. Impahla Yasolwandle: Njengesizwe esiyisiqhingi, ukuthutha olwandle kudlala indima ebalulekile kunethiwekhi yezokuthutha yase-Iceland. Izwe linamachweba amaningana asendaweni ekahle eduze nogu lwalo aphatha kokubili ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe. Amachweba afana ne-Reykjavík Port kanye ne-Akureyri Port ahlinzeka ngezindawo zokuphatha impahla ezifakwe emabhokisini kanye nezinsizakalo ezithembekile zokugunyazwa kwempahla. 3. Ezokuthutha Emgwaqeni: I-Iceland inenethiwekhi yemigwaqo ethuthukiswe kahle exhuma amadolobha amakhulu namadolobhana ezweni lonke. Izinto zokuhamba emgwaqeni zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinjongo zempahla yasekhaya noma ukuthutha izimpahla zisuka ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla zezinkampani ziye ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi noma ezikhumulweni zezindiza ukuze zithunyelwe ngaphandle noma ngezinjongo zokungenisa. 4. Izinsiza Zokugcina impahla: Izitolo ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala ezweni lonke zihlinzeka ngezixazululo zesitoreji sempahla engenayo ngaphambi kokuba zisatshalaliswe futhi noma zithunyelwe phesheya. Lezi zindawo zihlinzeka ngengqalasizinda yesimanje enezinketho zokulondoloza ezilawulwa izinga lokushisa zezimpahla ezibolayo njengemikhiqizo yezilwane zasolwandle noma imithi. 5 Usizo Lokusulwa Kwempahla Ethengiswayo: Ukuze kube lula ukungenisa nokuthekelisa ngaphandle, ama-ejensi akhipha intela e-Iceland angasiza amabhizinisi ngemithetho yamaphepha, izidingo zemibhalo, ukuhlukaniswa kwentela, nokubalwa komsebenzi okuqinisekisa ukuthobela izibopho zomthetho ezibekwe iziphathimandla zempahla yase-Icelandic. I-6 E-commerce Logistics Solutions: Ngokukhula kwe-e-commerce emhlabeni jikelele, izinkampani ze-Icelandic Logistics zenze izixazululo eziklanyelwe ukubhekelela izidingo zalo mkhakha ngempumelelo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinsiza zokulethwa kwemayela lokugcina ezihlanganisa izinhlelo zokucubungula ama-oda aku-inthanethi okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza kahle kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. 7 I-Cold Chain Management Services: Uma kubhekwa indawo yayo eseduze namanzi e-Arctic, abahlinzeki bezokuthutha base-Icelandic basebenza ngokukhethekile ekulawuleni uchungechunge olubandayo ngenxa yekhwalithi ephezulu yokudla kwasolwandle nokunye ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle okonakalayo. Banezindawo zokupholisa ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezilawulwa izinga lokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusha kanye nekhwalithi yezimpahla ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Abahlinzeki be-8 Benkampani Yangaphandle (3PL) Logistics: Amabhizinisi afuna izixazululo eziphelele zokuhleleka angazitholela kumasevisi ahlinzekwa abahlinzeki be-3PL e-Iceland. Lezi zinkampani zihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokugcinwa kwempahla, okuhlanganisa indawo yokugcina impahla, ezokuthutha, ukuphathwa kwempahla, ukugcwaliswa kwe-oda, nokusabalalisa. Sekukonke, i-Iceland iziqhayisa ngengqalasizinda yezokuthutha ethuthuke kahle ehlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlela ukuze kube lula ukuxhumana okushelelayo kwezohwebo nomhlaba wonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi impahla ethunyelwa emoyeni, impahla yasolwandle, ezokuthutha emgwaqeni noma izinsiza ezikhethekile zokuphatha amaketanga abandayo ozidingayo; Abahlinzeki bezinto ze-Icelandic bangabhekana nezidingo zakho ezithile ngempumelelo.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi esincane eliseNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, ingase ibonakale njengendawo engathandeki yabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe nemibukiso yezohwebo. Nokho, leli zwe eliyingqayizivele linikeza iziteshi ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe futhi lisingatha imibukiso ehlukahlukene ephawulekayo. Enye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokuthola imikhiqizo evela e-Iceland ngokusebenzisa imboni yayo yokudoba. I-Iceland inezindawo eziningi zokudoba emhlabeni, okuyenza ibe imakethe ekhangayo yokuthengwa kwezilwane zasolwandle. Izwe lithumela kwamanye amazwe uhide lwemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi eziseqophelweni eliphezulu njenge-cod, haddock, ne-arctic char emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe bangasungula ubudlelwano obuqondile nezinkampani zokudoba zase-Icelandic noma basebenze nabacubunguli bezinhlanzi base-Iceland abangabaxhuma nabahlinzeki abathembekile. Omunye umkhakha ovelele wokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe e-Iceland ubuchwepheshe bamandla avuselelekayo. Njengesizwe esithembele kakhulu emithonjeni ye-geothermal kanye ne-hydropower, i-Iceland ithuthukise ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kuzisombululo zamandla avuselelekayo. Ubuchwepheshe bezwe be-geothermal buye bathola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele futhi bumele amathuba amahle kakhulu kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna ukuthola imishini yamandla ahlanzekile noma bahlole ukusebenzisana namafemu ase-Icelandic abandakanyeka kumaphrojekthi we-geothermal. Izimboni ezisafufusa ezifana nobuchwepheshe bolwazi (IT) nokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe nazo zinikeza izindlela ezingaba khona zokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe e-Iceland. Njengoba inabasebenzi abafunde kakhulu kanye nenani labantu abanolwazi ngobuchwepheshe, i-Iceland ibone ukukhula eziqalweni ze-IT ezigxile ezindaweni ezifana nokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware, ubuchwepheshe bemidlalo, nezixazululo zokucubungula idatha. Abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna izixazululo ze-IT ezintsha bangasebenzisana nalezi zinkampani zase-Icelandic ukuze bahlole ubudlelwano noma bathole ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokuphathelene nemibukiso yezohwebo nemibukiso ebanjwa e-Iceland minyaka yonke noma ngezikhathi ezithile, kunemicimbi embalwa ephawulekayo eheha ababambiqhaza bamazwe ngamazwe: 1. I-Reykjavik Internet Marketing Conference (RIMC): Le ngqungquthela igxile kumathrendi namasu okumaketha kwedijithali. Ihlanganisa ndawonye ochwepheshe abavela emhlabeni wonke ukuze babelane ngolwazi mayelana namasu okukhangisa aku-inthanethi, imininingwane yokumaketha yenkundla yezokuxhumana, izinqubo zokuthuthukisa injini yokusesha, njll. 2. I-Arctic Circle Assembly: Njengomcimbi waminyaka yonke obanjelwe e-Reykjavik kusukela ngo-2013, i-Arctic Circle Assembly inikeza inkundla yezingxoxo zamazwe ngamazwe ezindabeni ze-Arctic. Yamukela abenzi benqubomgomo, abameleli abavela emiphakathini yendabuko, ososayensi, nabaholi bamabhizinisi ukuze baxoxe ngezihloko ezifana nentuthuko esimeme, imizila yemikhumbi, izinsiza zamandla, nokongiwa kwemvelo. 3. I-Icelandic Fisheries Exhibition: Lo mbukiso ukhombisa intuthuko yakamuva embonini yokudoba, unikeza inkundla yabahlinzeki bempahla, abakhi bemikhumbi, abalungisa izinhlanzi, nabanye ababambiqhaza ababambe iqhaza kulo mkhakha ukuze bethule imikhiqizo namasevisi abo. 4. I-UT Messan: Ihlelwe yi-Icelandic Union of Purchasing Professionals (UT), lo mbukiso wezohwebo ugxile ezindabeni eziphathelene nokuthengwa kwempahla. Lo mcimbi uhlanganisa abahlinzeki abavela ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene ukuze babonise ngemikhiqizo namasevisi abo ngenkathi behlinzeka ngamathuba okuxhumana ochwepheshe abafuna ukwandisa amanethiwekhi abo okuthenga. Ngale mibukiso yezohwebo nemibukiso kanye namashaneli amisiwe afana nokuxhumana kwemboni yezokudoba noma ukusebenzisana nezinkampani zamandla avuselelekayo noma ama-IT aqalwa e-Iceland, abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe bangakwazi ukuzuza kulokho okunikezwa yilesi sizwe esiyingqayizivele. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane, i-Iceland inamandla amakhulu njengomthombo wemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu yezilwane zasolwandle noma njengozakwethu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene kusukela kuzixazululo zamandla avuselelekayo kuya ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu.

E-Iceland, izinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa ziyefana nalezo ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke. Nazi ezinye izinjini zokusesha ezidumile e-Iceland kanye nama-URL wewebhusayithi yabo: 1. I-Google (https://www.google.is): I-Google iyinjini yokusesha esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, futhi idumile nase-Iceland. Inikeza imiphumela yosesho ebanzi kanye nezinsiza ezihlukahlukene ezengeziwe njengamamephu, ukuhumusha, izindaba, nokuningi. 2. I-Bing (https://www.bing.com): I-Bing enye injini yokusesha eyaziwa kakhulu esetshenziswa kakhulu e-Iceland njengenye indlela ye-Google. Inikeza ukusesha kwewebhu okuvamile kanye nezici ezifana nezithombe, amavidiyo, amazwibela wezindaba, namamephu. 3. I-Yahoo (https://search.yahoo.com): I-Yahoo Search inabasebenzisi bayo base-Iceland futhi, nakuba ingase ingadumile kangako uma iqhathaniswa ne-Google ne-Bing. Njengezinye izinjini zokusesha, i-Yahoo inikeza izinketho ezahlukene zokusesha njengokuhlola izihloko zezindaba emhlabeni wonke noma ukusesha izithombe. 4. I-DuckDuckGo (https://duckduckgo.com): I-DuckDuckGo ibeka phambili ubumfihlo bomsebenzisi ngokungalandeleli ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma ukuphrofayilila abasebenzisi ngezikhangiso eziqondiwe. Ithole ukudonseka phakathi kwalabo abakhathazeke ngobumfihlo be-inthanethi e-Iceland nasemhlabeni jikelele. 5. I-StartPage (https://www.startpage.com): I-StartPage iyinjini yokusesha egxile kubumfihlo esebenza njengommeleli phakathi kwabasebenzisi nezinye izinjini ezijwayelekile njenge-Google kuyilapho igcina ukungaziwa. 6. I-Yandex (https://yandex.com): I-Yandex ingase ingakhelwanga ngokuqondile usesho lwesi-Icelandic kodwa isengasetshenziswa abasebenzisi base-Icelandic abafuna okuqukethwe okuthile ngaphakathi kwamazwe aseMpumalanga Yurophu noma izifunda ezikhuluma isiRashiya. Lezi ezinye zezinjini zokusesha ezivame ukusetshenziswa e-Iceland abantu bendawo abathembele kuzo ngemibuzo yabo ye-inthanethi yansuku zonke nokuhlola.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi esincane eNyakatho ye-Atlantic, inezinhlu ezimbalwa eziyinhloko zamakhasi aphuzi ezibhekelela izimboni nezinkonzo ezihlukahlukene. Nazi ezinye zezinkomba zekhasi eliphuzi ezivelele e-Iceland kanye namawebhusayithi azo: 1. I-Yellow.is - Yellow.is uhla lwemibhalo oluku-inthanethi oluhlanganisa anhlobonhlobo amabhizinisi nabahlinzeki besevisi e-Iceland. Kuhlanganisa ukufakwa kuhlu kwezindawo zokuhlala, izindawo zokudlela, izinsiza zokuhamba, abahlinzeki bezempilo, izikhungo zokuthenga, nokunye okuningi. Iwebhusayithi yeYellow.is ithi https://en.ja.is/. 2. I-Njarðarinn - I-Njarðarinn iwuhlu lwemibhalo oluphelele oluqondene nesifunda sase-Reykjavik nendawo eyizungezile. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi ngamabhizinisi endawo okuhlanganisa izindawo zokudlela, izitolo, amahhotela, amabhange kanye nezinombolo eziphuthumayo nezinkonzo ezitholakala endaweni. Iwebhusayithi ye-Njarðarinn ithi http://nordurlistinn.is/. 3. I-Torg - I-Torg igxile ekufakeni kuhlu izikhangiso ezihlukanisiwe ezivela kubantu ngabanye namabhizinisi ahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo noma amasevisi kulo lonke elase-Iceland. Ukusuka kwizindlu ezithengiswayo kuye kumathuba emisebenzi noma izimoto ezithengiswayo, i-Torg isebenza njengenkundla lapho abantu bengathola khona izimpahla ezihlukahlukene ezintsha nezisetshenziswa ezweni lonke. Iwebhusayithi yeTorg ithi https://www.torg.is/. 4.Herbergi - I-Herbergi inikeza iqoqo lohlu olugxile ngokukhethekile ezindaweni zokuhlala ezifana namahhotela, izindlu zezivakashi, indawo yokulala nokudla kwasekuseni okusabalele ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene zase-Iceland okuhlanganisa izindawo zokuvakasha ezidumile ezifana ne-Reykjavik noma i-Akureyri.Iwebhusayithi yabo ingatholakala kokuthi https://herbergi. com/zu. 5.Jafnréttisstofa - Lolu hlu lwamakhasi aphuzi lugxile ekukhuthazeni ukulingana emphakathini wase-Iceland ngokuhlinzeka ngezinsiza ezihlobene nezindaba zokulingana kobulili.Iwebhusayithi yabo inikeza ulwazi mayelana nezinhlangano ezisebenzela ukulingana ngokobulili kanye nama-athikili akhuluma ngezihloko ezinjalo.Bheka isayithi labo kokuthi https:// www.jafnrettisstofa.is/english. Lezi zinkomba zihlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezici ezihlukahlukene zebhizinisi le-Icelandic landscape, amasevisi, namathuba. Khumbula ukuthi amanye amawebhusayithi angatholakala kuphela ngolimi lwesi-Icelandic, kodwa ungasebenzisa amathuluzi okuhumusha ukuze uzulazule emakhasini.

E-Iceland, kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ezivelele ze-e-commerce ezinikeza inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo. Nazi ezinye izinkundla ezinkulu ze-e-commerce e-Iceland kanye namakheli abo ewebhusayithi: 1. Aha.is (https://aha.is/): I-Aha.is ingelinye lamawebhusayithi amakhulu okuthenga ku-inthanethi e-Iceland. Ihlinzeka ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa izinto zikagesi, izinto zasendlini, izingubo zokugqoka, izimonyo, izincwadi, nokuningi. 2. Olafssongs.com (https://www.olafssongs.com/): I-Olafssongs.com iyinkundla edumile yokuthenga ama-CD omculo namarekhodi e-vinyl e-Iceland. Inikeza iqoqo elikhulu lomculo wase-Icelandic nowamazwe ngamazwe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene. 3. I-Heilsuhusid.is (https://www.heilsuhusid.is/): I-Heilsuhusid.is isitolo esiku-inthanethi esisebenza ngokukhethekile ngemikhiqizo ehlobene nezempilo njengamavithamini, izithasiselo, amakhambi emvelo, okokusebenza kokuqina, ukudla okunempilo, nokuningi. 4. I-Tolvutaekni.is (https://tolvutaekni.is/): I-Tolvutaekni.is isitolo se-elekthronikhi esihlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye zekhompyutha, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amaphilisi kanye nezinye izesekeli ezihlobene e-Iceland. 5. I-Hjolakraftur.dk (https://hjolakraftur.dk/): I-Hjolakraftur.dk igxile ekuthengiseni amabhayisikili emikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ehamba phambili kanye nezinsiza ezihlobene ukuze kuhlinzekelwe abathanda ukugibela amabhayisikili kuyo yonke indawo. I-Iceland. 6. I-Costco.com: Nakuba kungeyona inkundla esekwe e-Icelandic, I-Costco.com iletha imikhiqizo yayo nase-Iceland. Banikeza izinketho zokuthenga ngobuningi begrosa, izimpahla zasendlini ngamanani ahlisiwe. 7. Hagkaup (https://hagkaup.is/): I-Hagkaup isebenza kokubili izitolo ezibonakalayo futhi ine-inthanethi inkundla enikeza izinto zokugqoka zamadoda, abesifazane nezingane kanye nezinto zikagesi zasendlini, electronics nezinye izinto ezibalulekile zasendlini. Lezi ezinye zezibonelo zamapulatifomu amakhulu e-e-commerce e-Iceland. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi kukhona nezitolo ezimbalwa ezikhethekile ze-inthanethi ezihlinzeka ngezigaba ezithile zemikhiqizo.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inezinkundla zokuxhumana ezimbalwa ezidumile ezisetshenziswa kakhulu izakhamuzi zakhona. Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezaziwa kakhulu e-Iceland kanye nama-URL wewebhusayithi yabo: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com): I-Facebook ingenye yezingosi zokuxhumana ezisetshenziswa kakhulu e-Iceland. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane nabangane nomndeni, babelane ngezithombe namavidiyo, bajoyine amaqembu nemicimbi, futhi bathole izindaba nolwazi. 2. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com): I-Twitter enye inkundla edumile e-Iceland yokwabelana ngemilayezo emifushane (ama-tweets) nenethiwekhi yabalandeli. Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa izibuyekezo zezindaba ezisheshayo, imibono, izingxoxo ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene, kanye nokulandela izibalo zomphakathi. 3. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com): I-Instagram iyinkundla yokwabelana ngezithombe evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babelane ngolwazi lwabo ngezithombe noma amavidiyo amafushane ahambisana namagama-ncazo nama-hashtag. Abantu abaningi base-Iceland basebenzisa i-Instagram ukukhombisa ubuhle bemvelo obumangalisayo bezwe labo. 4. I-Snapchat (www.snapchat.com): I-Snapchat iwuhlelo lokusebenza lwemiyalezo ye-multimedia esetshenziswa kakhulu yintsha yase-Iceland ukuthumela izithombe noma amavidiyo amafushane abizwa ngokuthi "ama-snaps" anyamalalayo ngemva kokubukwa phakathi nesikhathi esithile. 5. I-LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): I-LinkedIn isetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuxhumana ezichwepheshile e-Iceland lapho abantu bengaxhumana nozakwabo, basebenzisane nochwepheshe bemboni, ukucinga amathuba emisebenzi noma bathole abangase babe abasebenzi. 6. I-Reddit (www.reddit.com/r/Iceland/): I-Reddit inikeza imiphakathi eku-inthanethi lapho abasebenzisi bangathumela khona okuqukethwe okufana nokuthunyelwe kombhalo noma izixhumanisi eziqondile ezihlanganisa izihloko ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa izingxoxo zezindaba ezihlobene ne-Iceland ku-r/iceland subreddit. 7. I-Meetup: Inkundla enamandla yomhlaba wonke lapho ungathola khona imihlangano enikelwe ngokwezinto ezithakaselwayo/izindawo nemicimbi evamile yasendaweni futhi! 8.Nge-Almannaromur.is ungathola futhi izinkundla zohlobo oluhlukile nolwazi lweqembu ngokuya ngentshisekelo yakho nendawo Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lezi ezinye zezinkundla zokuxhumana ezidumile ezifinyelelwa abantu base-Iceland, futhi kungase kube nezinye izinkundla eziqondene nemiphakathi ethile noma amaqembu anentshisekelo nazo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic eliseNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, yaziwa ngezimo zayo ezimangalisayo nezici eziyingqayizivele zokuma kwezwe. Umnotho wezwe uthembele kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukene ezinomthelela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwawo. Nazi ezinye zezinhlangano eziyinhloko zezimboni e-Iceland: 1. I-Icelandic Travel Industry Association (SAF): Le nhlangano imele izinkampani kanye nabantu ababambe iqhaza embonini yezokuvakasha e-Iceland. Isizindalwazi sabo sithi www.saf.is. 2. I-Federation of Icelandic Industries (SI): I-SI ithuthukisa izintshisekelo zezinkampani zezimboni ezisebenza emikhakheni efana nokukhiqiza, ukwakha, amandla, nobuchwepheshe. Ulwazi olwengeziwe lungatholakala ku- www.si.is/en. 3. I-Federation of Trade and Services (FTA): I-FTA imele izinkampani ezihwebayo kuyo yonke imikhakha ehlukene okuhlanganisa uhwebo lwezitolo ezinkulu, uhwebo lokudayisa, amasevisi, amahhotela, izindawo zokudlela, ezokuthutha, ezokuxhumana, ezezimali, umshwalense nokunye. Ungavakashela iwebhusayithi yabo ku-www.vf.is/enska/english. 4. I-Association of State Commercial Banks (LB-FLAG): I-LB-FLAG imele amabhange ezentengiselwano anelayisensi asebenza ngaphakathi komkhakha wezezimali wase-Iceland ukuze avikele izintshisekelo zawo ezifanayo futhi akhuthaze ukubambisana neziphathimandla ezifanele. Iwebhusayithi yabo ithi www.lb-flag.is/en/home/. 5.Isikhungo Samazwe Ngamazwe Sokuqeqeshwa Kwezindiza (ITFC): I-ITFC inikeza izinhlelo zokuqeqesha umshayeli wendiza ezichwepheshile kubafundi basekhaya nabamazwe ngamazwe abafisa ukuba ngabashayeli bezindiza noma bathuthukise imisebenzi yabo yezokushayela izindiza. Iwebhusayithi yayo ingatholakala ku-www.itcflightschool.com 6.I-Icelandic Seafood Exporters: Le nhlangano isebenzisana nezitshalo ezilungisa ukudla kwasolwandle ezibandakanyeka ekuthumeleni imikhiqizo yasolwandle yase-Icelandic emhlabeni wonke.Thola ulwazi olwengeziwe kusizindalwazi sabo esisemthethweni:www.icelandicseafoodexporters.net Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zezinhlangano ezivelele zezimboni ngaphakathi kwe-Iceland; ziningi ezinye izinhlangano ezimele imikhakha eyahlukene ezifaka isandla emnothweni wezwe jikelele.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic elitholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inomnotho oqhakazile ogxile kakhulu ezimbonini ezinjengokudoba, amandla avuselelekayo, ezokuvakasha kanye nezimboni zobuciko. Nawa amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nawohwebo ahlobene ne-Iceland: 1. Tshala imali e-Iceland - Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Promote Iceland inikeza ulwazi ngamathuba ahlukahlukene okutshala imali ezweni. Inikeza imininingwane emikhakheni ebalulekile kanye nedatha egcwele mayelana nendawo yebhizinisi yase-Icelandic. Iwebhusayithi http://www.invest.is/ 2. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Icelandic - Eqhutshwa Phromotha i-Iceland, le webhusayithi isebenza njengesizinda solwazi sabathumeli bangaphandle base-Iceland. Inikeza ukufinyelela kumibiko yezobunhloli bemakethe, izibalo zohwebo, izindaba zemboni nemicimbi. Iwebhusayithi http://www.icelandicexport.is/ 3. I-Icelandic Chamber of Commerce - Ikamelo liyinkundla enethonya yamabhizinisi asebenza e-Iceland. Iwebhusayithi yayo inikeza izinsiza kumabhizinisi afuna ukusungula ubambiswano noma ukuxhumana namafemu asendaweni. Iwebhusayithi https://en.chamber.is/ 4. I-Ministry of Industries and Innovation - Lo mnyango kahulumeni ukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho ngokusungula izinto ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni e-Iceland. Isizindalwazi sabo sinikeza ukufinyelela kuzinqubomgomo zezomnotho, imizamo kanye nemininingwane ngamasu aqondene nomkhakha othile. Iwebhusayithi https://www.stjornarradid.is/raduneyti/vidskipta-og-innanrikisraduneytid/ 5. I-Confederation of Icelandic Employers - Imelela abaqashi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene e-Iceland, le nhlangano iqinisekisa ukuthi izintshisekelo zabo ziyavikelwa ngemizamo yokumela ezigungwini kazwelonke ezithatha izinqumo. Iwebhusayithi https://www.saekja.is/english 6.I-Federation of Trade & Services (LÍSA) - I-LÍSA imele izinkampani ezingaphakathi kwezinsizakalo zezohwebo ezinezinkampani ezingamalungu angaphezu kuka-230 ezivela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yebhizinisi njengokuthengisa ama-wholesale commercial real estate info izinhlelo zokuqasha ama-ejensi okuhamba amalulwane ama-computer restaurant njll. Iwebhusayithi http://lisa.is/default.asp?cat_id=995&main_id=178 Lawa mawebhusayithi ahlinzeka ngezinsiza ezibalulekile kubatshalizimali, abathekelisa ngaphandle, namabhizinisi afuna ukuqonda imakethe yase-Icelandic kanye nokuhlola amathuba okuhweba.

Nawa amanye amawebhusayithi emibuzo yedatha yokuhweba e-Iceland: 1. I-Icelandic Customs - Isizindalwazi esisemthethweni soMqondisi we-Icelandic of Customs sihlinzeka ngokufinyelela ezibalweni ezihlukahlukene zokuhweba kanye nedatha. Ungathola ulwazi mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukungenisa, amanani, nokuningi. Iwebhusayithi http://www.customs.is/ 2. Izibalo zase-Iceland - Isikhungo sikazwelonke sezibalo sase-Iceland sinikezela ngesizindalwazi esiphelele esinedatha ehlobene nohwebo. Ungafinyelela izibalo zokungenisa nokuthekelisa ngezwe, impahla, nokunye. Iwebhusayithi: https://www.statice.is/ 3. Umnyango Wezindaba Zangaphandle Wase-Iceland - Isizindalwazi somnyango sihlinzeka ngolwazi ngobudlelwano bohwebo bamazwe ngamazwe obubandakanya i-Iceland. Ungathola imibiko ngezivumelwano zohwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabili, ozakwethu abahwebayo, amathuba okutshala imali, kanye nokukhuthazwa kokuthekelisa. Iwebhusayithi http://www.government.is/ministries/ministry-for-foreign-affairs/ 4. IBhange Elikhulu Lase-Iceland - Iwebhusayithi yebhange elikhulu inikeza izinkomba zezomnotho ezihlobene nohwebo lwangaphandle e-Iceland. Kufaka phakathi ulwazi olumayelana nezilinganiso zokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe, izibalo zebhalansi yezinkokhelo ezihlobene nokungenisa kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, amazinga okwehla kwamandla emali anomthelela ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe ezweni. Iwebhusayithi http://www.cb.is/ 5. I-Eurostat - I-Eurostat ihhovisi lezibalo le-European Union (EU). Nakuba ingaqondile e-Iceland iyodwa ihlinzeka ngedatha yezibalo egcwele emazweni aseYurophu okuhlanganisa ulwazi oluhlobene nokungenisa/ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emazweni angamalungu e-EU njenge-Iceland. Iwebhusayithi https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanye amawebhusayithi anganikela ngokuqukethwe kwawo ngazo zombili izilimi zesiNgisi nesi-Icelandic; ungashintsha phakathi kwazo usebenzisa izinketho zolimi ezitholakala kusayithi ngalinye. Kuhlala kunconywa ukuthi uhlole lawa mawebhusayithi kahle ukuze uthole imininingwane ethile noma imithombo eyengeziwe engakunikeza amaqiniso abuyekeziwe anembile mayelana nemibuzo yedatha yokuhweba yase-Iceland.

I-Iceland, izwe eliyisiqhingi saseNordic elitholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, inezinkundla ezimbalwa ze-B2B ezisiza ukuthengiselana kwebhizinisi nokuxhumana. Nawa amanye amapulatifomu e-B2B avelele e-Iceland: 1. I-Icelandic Startups (www.icelandicstartups.com): Le nkundla ixhuma abaqalayo, osomabhizinisi, nabatshalizimali e-Iceland. Inikeza isikhala sokubonisa imibono emisha, ukufuna amathuba okuthola imali, nokuxhumana nabangase babe ozakwethu. 2. Nyusa i-Iceland (www.promoteiceland.is): Isebenza njengenkundla esemthethweni yokuthuthukisa amabhizinisi ase-Icelandic emazweni ngamazwe. Inikeza ulwazi ngezimboni ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezokuvakasha, izilwane zasolwandle, amandla avuselelekayo, izimboni zokudala, nokunye. 3. I-Eyrir Ventures (www.eyrir.is): Inkampani ezimele yezabelomali ezinze e-Iceland egxile ekutshalweni kwezimali ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezisebenza emhlabeni jikelele. Inkundla ihlose ukusekela ukukhula kweziqalo ezintsha ngokuhlinzeka ngemali kanye nesiqondiso samasu. 4. Thumela Iphothali (www.exportal.com): Nakuba ingaqondile e-Iceland kuphela, le nkundla ye-B2B yomhlaba wonke ivumela amabhizinisi avela emhlabeni wonke ukuthi axhumane futhi ahwebe ngengosi eyodwa. Ihlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene efana ne-electronics, ukudla neziphuzo, izindwangu nezingubo lapho izinkampani zase-Icelandic zingakhangisa ngemikhiqizo yazo. 5.Samskip Logistics (www.samskip.com): Inkampani yezokuthutha ehamba phambili ezinze e-Reykjavik ehlinzeka ngezinsiza ezididiyelwe zezokuthutha emhlabeni wonke okuhlanganisa nezixazululo zezokuthutha emgwaqeni eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izimboni ezihlukahlukene njengezokudoba noma ukudayisa. 6.Business Iceland (www.businessiceland.is): Iqhutshwa yi-Invest in Iceland Agency - ihlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana namathuba okutshala imali emikhakheni ehlukahlukene okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo/ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe noma amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda ye-ICT/yezokuxhumana phakathi kokunye. Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa zezinkundla ze-B2B ezitholakala e-Iceland ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezihlukahlukene kusukela ekusizeni ukutshalwa kwezimali kuya ekusekelweni kwezinto zamabhizinisi asebenza ngaphakathi noma afuna ukuxhumana nezimakethe zase-Icelandic.