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Izimakethe Eziyinhloko
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Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
I-Kyrgyzstan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Kyrgyz Republic, iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Central Asia. Ihlanganyela imingcele neKazakhstan enyakatho, i-Uzbekistan ngasentshonalanga, iTajikistan eningizimu-ntshonalanga, neChina empumalanga. I-Bishkek inhloko-dolobha yayo nedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke. I-Kyrgyzstan yaziwa ngezintaba zayo ezinhle nezinezintaba ezimangalisayo. Ukhahlamba lwentaba i-Tien Shan luhlanganisa cishe u-80% wendawo yezwe, okulenza libe indawo edumile yabashisekeli bangaphandle nabafuna uhambo. Inani labantu baseKyrgyzstan lilinganiselwa ezigidini eziyisithupha. Ulimi olusemthethweni isiKyrgyz; nokho, isiRashiya siphinde sibe nokubaluleka okubalulekile ngenxa yobudlelwano bomlando nokukhulunywa kabanzi. I-Islam iyinkolo ehamba phambili eqhutshwa iningi lezakhamizi. Umnotho waseKyrgyzstan ngokuyinhloko uncike kwezolimo, izimayini (ikakhulukazi igolide), kanye nezinkonzo ezifana nezokuvakasha kanye nemali ethunyelwa yizakhamuzi ezisebenza phesheya. Isizwe siziqhenya ngengcebo yemvelo ecebile okuhlanganisa izimbiwa ezifana namalahle ne-uranium. Nakuba iRiphabhulikhi ezimele kusukela ngo-1991 ngemva kokuhlakazwa kweSoviet Union, iKyrgyzstan isaqhubeka nokubhekana nezinselele zezombusazwe ekuqiniseni intando yeningi nokuzinza kwezomnotho. Imibhikisho yezikhathi ezithile ikhombisa imizamo eqhubekayo yokuletha izinguquko kwezepolitiki. Isiko lamaKyrgyz lakhiwe amasiko okuzulazula ahlanganiswe nemithelela evela kumasiko ase-Persianized Central Asia njenge-Uzbekistan neTajikistan. Ubuciko bendabuko obunjengomculo wesintu odlala i-komuz (insimbi enezintambo ezintathu) yizinto eziyigugu zamasiko ezibonisa ifa labo. Ezokuvakasha zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqhakambiseni ubuhle bemvelo obuyingqayizivele be-Kyrgyzstan phakathi kwabavakashi bamazwe ngamazwe abajabulela ukuhamba ngezinyawo emizileni ebabazekayo noma abajabulela ukuhlala kwama-yurt endabuko ezigodini ezinhle njenge-Song-Kol noma i-Issyk-Kul Lake - elinye lamachibi aphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni anikeza imibono emangalisayo. . Sengiphetha, i-Kyrgyzstan inikela ngezindawo ezihehayo eziphawulwe ngezintaba ezigcwele indawo yayo. Amagugu alo acebile amasiko kuhlanganiswe namandla angasetshenzisiwe kwezokuvakasha kanye nemithombo yemvelo aveza kokubili amathuba nezinselelo zalesi sizwe sase-Asia Emaphakathi.
Imali Yezwe
I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe lase-Asia Ephakathi, isebenzisa i-Kyrgyzstani som njengohlobo lwemali esemthethweni. Yasungulwa ngo-1993 ngemva kokuthola inkululeko eSoviet Union, i-som isifushanisiwe njenge-KGS futhi ifanekiselwa uphawu "с". I-Kyrgyzstani som ihlukaniswe yaba yi-100 tyiyn. Kusukela yasungulwa, i-Kyrgyzstani som ihlangabezane namazinga okushintshana ashintshashintshayo ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokwehla kwamandla emali kanye noshintsho ezimweni zomnotho zomhlaba. Imali iye yabhekana nezikhathi zokwehla kwenani uma iqhathaniswa nezimali ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-US Dollar ne-Euro. Ukuze kubhekwane nezinselele zomnotho, okuhlanganisa ukwehla kwamandla emali nokuntengantenga, i-Kyrgyzstan ikhethe ukulawula izinga lokushintshisana elintantayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi nakuba okunye ukungenelela kwenziwa ibhange elikhulu ukuze libe nomthelela kumazinga okushintshaniswa kwemali uma kunesidingo, zonke izindlela zemakethe zinquma inani lemali yalo. Izinsiza zokushintshanisa zingatholakala emabhange, ekuhwebeni kwezimali, nasemahhotela akhethiwe kulo lonke elase-Kyrgyzstan. Kutuswa ukuphatha izinkolo ezincane zamadola aseMelika noma ama-Euro lapho uya khona njengoba lezi zinhlobo zemali zamukelwa kabanzi ukuze zihwetshelwe ngemali yendawo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwenziwa imizamo yokusimamisa umnotho nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza obala kwezezimali eKyrgyzstan. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi izivakashi noma abatshalizimali bahlale benolwazi mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zezinqubomgomo zezimali ezingase zibe nomthelela ekwenzeni kwabo kulo mnotho othuthukayo. Ukuqonda okuphelele kwesimo semali yase-Kyrgyzstan kuvumela abantu ukuthi bazilungiselele kangcono imisebenzi yabo yezezimali ngenkathi bevakashele noma benza ibhizinisi kulesi sizwe esiyingqayizivele sase-Asia Emaphakathi.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Imali esemthethweni yase-Kyrgyzstan yi-Kyrgyzstani som (KGS). Ngokuqondene namazinga okushintshanisa imali ezimalini ezinkulu zomhlaba, nazi ezinye izibalo ezilinganiselwe (kusukela ngo-Agasti 2021): I-USD eyi-1 (iDola lase-United States) ≈ 84.10 KGS 1 EUR (Euro) ≈ 99.00 KGS 1 GBP (Ipondo laseBrithani) ≈ 116.50 KGS 1 JPY (Yen YaseJapane) ≈ 0.76 KGS I-CNY engu-1 (i-Chinese Yuan) ≈ 12.95 KGS Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanani okushintshanisa ashintshashintsha futhi angase ahluke kancane kuye ngezici ezihlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlola nemithombo ethembekile noma izikhungo zezezimali ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva kakhulu ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimiphi imisebenzi.
Amaholide Abalulekile
I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe elise-Asia Emaphakathi, igubha amaholide amaningana abalulekile unyaka wonke. Le mikhosi igxile kakhulu emasikweni nasemikhubeni yezwe, ikhombisa ngamagugu alo anothile. Omunye wemikhosi ebaluleke kakhulu i-Nowruz, ephawula ukufika kwentwasahlobo nokuqala konyaka omusha. Igujwa ngoMashi 21 unyaka ngamunye, i-Nowruz ibamba ukubaluleka kwamasiko kubantu baseKyrgyz. Yisikhathi sokuba imindeni ibuthane ndawonye, ​​ishintshisane ngezipho kanye nokubingelela kuyilapho ijabulela ukudla kwesintu okufana ne-sumalak (isitsha esimnandi sikakolweni). Umkhosi uhlanganisa amasiko namasiko ahlukahlukene okuhlanza amakhaya nokwamukela izinhlanhla zonyaka ozayo. Elinye iholide elibalulekile eKyrgyzstan uSuku Lokuzimela, olugujwa ngo-August 31. Lolu suku lukhumbula isimemezelo se-Kyrgyzstan sokuzibusa ngaphansi kombuso wamaSoviet ngo-1991. Le migubho ihlanganisa imibukiso enemibukiso yezempi, amakhonsathi abonisa umculo wesintu nemidanso ebonisa amagugu ezwe aziqhenyayo. Isizwe siphinde sigubhe uSuku lwe-Kurmanjan Datka ngoMashi 7 ukuhlonipha umholi wesifazane oyisithombe obambe iqhaza elikhulu ekulweni nobukoloniyali baseRussia ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Lolu suku lubona isibindi sakhe namagalelo akhe emlandweni wama-Kyrgyz ngemicimbi yamasiko efana nemidlalo yaseshashalazini ebonisa umlando wempilo yakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Eid al-Fitr igujwa kabanzi phakathi kwamaSulumane e-Kyrgyzstan, okuphawula ukuphela kweRamadan. Lo mkhosi uhlanganisa imikhuleko emasontweni amaSulumane alandelwe idili nomndeni nabangane. Le mikhosi imane nje ingamazwibela enkambiso yamasiko yase-Kyrgyzstan ebonisa umlando wayo, ubunikazi bayo, nobunye njengesizwe. Ngale mikhosi, abantu bangaxhumana nezimpande zabo kuyilapho bethuthukisa ukuqondana kwamasiko phakathi kwemiphakathi eyahlukene ekhona kuleli zwe elihle.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe lase-Asia Emaphakathi elinabantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyisi-6, inomnotho othembele kakhulu kwezohwebo. Abalingani abakhulu bezwe abahwebayo bahlanganisa iRussia, China, Kazakhstan, Turkey, kanye ne-European Union. Mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, i-Kyrgyzstan igxile kakhulu emikhiqizweni yezolimo efana nokotini, ugwayi, uvolo nenyama. Ukwengeza, izimbiwa ezifana negolide ne-mercury zifaka isandla emalini etholwa yizwe ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Izindwangu nezimpahla zokugqoka nazo zenza ingxenye enkulu yezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eKyrgyzstan. Kodwa-ke, i-Kyrgyzstan ibhekene nezinselelo emkhakheni wayo wezohwebo ngenxa yokuhlukahluka okulinganiselwe kwemikhiqizo yayo ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Lokhu kuncika ezimpahleni ezimbalwa kwenza izwe libe sengozini yokuguquguquka kwentengo ezimakethe zomhlaba. Ngasohlangothini lokungenisa, i-Kyrgyzstan ingenisa kakhulu imishini nemishini evela emazweni afana ne-China ne-Russia. Ezinye izinto ezinkulu ezithengwa kwamanye amazwe zihlanganisa amafutha kanye nemithombo yamandla njengemikhiqizo ye-petroleum negesi yemvelo. Izwe liphinde lithenge ngaphandle kwemithi kanye nezimpahla zabathengi. I-Kyrgyzstan iyingxenye yezivumelwano zokuhwebelana zezifunda ezimbalwa okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bayo bokuhwebelana namanye amazwe. Iyilungu le-Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), esiza ukuhwebelana phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu ahlanganisa iRussia., Kazakhstan, Armenia, kanye neBelarus. Ngale nyunyana, i-Kyrgyzstan izuza ukufinyelela ezimakethe zala mazwe kuyilapho ihlinzeka ngempatho ekhethekile ezimpahleni zayo ngaphakathi kwemakethe yayo. Ukwengeza, isayine izivumelwano zamazwe amabili namazwe amaningi okuhlanganisa neTurkey ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubambisana kwezomnotho ngokukhulula imithetho yezohwebo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwenziwa imizamo yokuthuthukisa ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe (i-FDI) emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nezimayini, ezolimo kanye nezokuvakasha. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukusekela ukukhula komnotho kodwa futhi kusiza ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuhweba Naphezu kokubhekana nezinselele ezihlobene nokuhlukahluka kwemikhiqizo, lezi zinhlelo zibonisa ukuthi uhulumeni wase-Kyrgyzstan uyakubona ukubaluleka kwe-tradeo mejorar la productividad que a su vez mejora el comercio. , con el objetivo de impulsar la economía del país y lograr un crecimiento sostenible.
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
I-Kyrgyzstan, ese-Asia Emaphakathi, inamandla amakhulu okuthuthukisa imakethe yayo yohwebo lwangaphandle. Okokuqala, indawo yaseKyrgyzstan iyenza ibe yisizinda samasu okuhweba phakathi kweYurophu ne-Asia. Isemngceleni weKazakhstan, China, Tajikistan, kanye ne-Uzbekistan, inikeza ukufinyelela ezimakethe ezinkulu ezisafufusa njengeChina neRussia. Lesi sikhundla esihle sivumela i-Kyrgyzstan ukuthi isebenze njengezwe lezokuthutha ezimpahleni ezihamba ngo-Silk Road Economic Belt kanye neminye imigudu yezokuthutha yesifunda. Okwesibili, iKyrgyzstan inenala yezinsiza zemvelo njengegolide, ithusi, amalahle, i-oyela shale, namaminerali ahlukahlukene. Lezi zinsiza zinikeza amathuba ezimboni ezigxile ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe njengezimayini nokumba. Ukwengeza, izwe linomnotho ovulekile onombuso wokuhweba okhululekile. Iyilungu lezinhlangano zezomnotho zesifunda ezimbalwa ezibalulekile njenge-Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) kanye ne-World Trade Organization (WTO). Lobu bulungu buvumela i-Kyrgyzstan ukuthi izuze ezinhlelweni zokuhweba ezikhethwayo namanye amazwe angamalungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni wase-Kyrgyzstan usebenzise izinqubomgomo zokuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe (i-FDI) emikhakheni efana nokucubungula ezolimo, ukukhiqizwa kwezindwangu/izingubo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha, kanye nezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe zingasebenzisa la mathuba ngokusungula ubambiswano noma ukutshala imali kule mikhakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivumelwano zamazwe amabili ezifana ne-Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) zisayinwe namazwe afana neTurkey. Ihlinzeka ngamathuba okwanda kokufinyelela ezimakethe namanye amazwe ezimakethe ezihlukene emhlabeni jikelele, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla okuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yase-Kyrgyz. Kodwa-ke, i-Kyrgyzstan ibhekene nezinselelo okudingeka zixazululwe ukuze ikwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele amandla ayo ohwebo lwangaphandle: ingqalasizinda enganele, izinqubo ezibizayo zokuhlela izinto, ukuntuleka kokuhlukahluka, nokusekelwa okulinganiselwe kwezikhungo. ,ukutshalwa kwezimali ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda, ukudambisa izithiyo zokuxhuma, ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezisebenzayo ezikhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kuzobaluleka ekungeneni ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle ezingakahlolwa ngempumelelo . Kafushane, indawo ekahle ye-Kyrgyzstan, insada yezinsiza, umnotho ovulekile, kanye nezinhlelo zikahulumeni zokuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe kuyenza izwe elinamandla amakhulu okuthuthukisa imakethe yalo yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, ukubhekana nezinselelo zokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kanye nokwehlukahlukana kuzobaluleka ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele leli khono.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni imikhiqizo edayiswa kakhulu yemakethe yohwebo lwangaphandle e-Kyrgyzstan, kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe. Lezi zici zihlanganisa okuthandwayo kwendawo, isidingo semakethe, nokuhlaziywa kokuncintisana. Okokuqala, ukuqonda okuthandwayo kwendawo kubalulekile lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo yemakethe yaseKyrgyzstan. Ukucwaninga isiko nendlela yokuphila yabathengi kungasiza ukukhomba izigaba zemikhiqizo edumile. Isibonelo, ubuciko bendabuko nezinto ezenziwe ngezandla zaziswa kakhulu abantu baseKyrgyz. Imikhiqizo efana nokhaphethi abazwakalayo, izindwangu ezifekethisiwe, nezingubo zomdabu zingakhanga kakhulu kule makethe. Okwesibili, ukuhlaziya isidingo semakethe kubalulekile ekukhetheni imikhiqizo ephumelelayo. Ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngamathrendi wabathengi kanye nokuziphatha kokuthenga kunganikeza imininingwane emikhakheni ekhulayo noma ezindaweni ezisafufusa ngaphakathi kwemakethe yaseKyrgyzstan. Isibonelo, ngokugxila okwandayo kwezempilo nokuphila kahle emhlabeni jikelele, imikhiqizo yokudla okuphilayo noma izinto zemvelo zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba zingathola izethameli ezilalelayo e-Kyrgyzstan. Ukwengeza, ukuqonda izimbangi kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa imikhiqizo oyikhethile kweminye esivele ikhona emakethe. Ukuhlonza izikhala noma izidingo ezingaxazululiwe kunganikeza amathuba okwethula izinto ezintsha noma ezihlukile ezigqamayo kwabaqhudelana nabo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kunokutholakala okulinganiselwe kwamagajethi athile e-elekthronikhi noma ubuchwepheshe obusha ngaphakathi komkhakha wezohwebo lwangaphandle wase-Kyrgyzstan kodwa kunesidingo esikhulu salezo zimpahla phakathi kwabathengi; kungase kuzuze uma kucatshangelwa lezi zinhlobo zezimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Sengiphetha, lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo edayiswa kakhulu yohwebo lwangaphandle emakethe yaseKyrgyzstan: 1. Qonda okuthandwayo kwendawo: Khomba imisebenzi yezandla yendabuko noma izinto ezibalulekile ngokwesiko ezaziswa kakhulu abantu bendawo. 2. Hlaziya isidingo semakethe: Cwaninga amathrendi abathengi ukuze uhlonze imikhakha ekhulayo njengokudla kwemvelo noma ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba kwemvelo. 3 Cabangela ukuncintisana: Thola izikhala ekutholakaleni komkhiqizo futhi unikeze ngezimpahla ezihlukile ezedlula izinketho ezikhona. Ngokucubungula lezi zici ngokucophelela lapho ukhetha okuthengiswayo okuzothunyelwa ngaphandle/kusuka kwamanye amazwe kuya/kusuka e-Kyrgyzstan ungakwazi ukwandisa amathuba akho okuphumelela kule ndawo yemakethe ethile.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
I-Kyrgyzstan iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Asia Emaphakathi, elaziwa ngezindawo zalo ezinhle, amasiko acebile, nabantu abanomoya wokungenisa izihambi. Nazi ezinye izici zekhasimende kanye nezithiyo okufanele uziqaphele lapho uxhumana nabantu abavela e-Kyrgyzstan: Izici Zekhasimende: 1. Ukungenisa izihambi: Abantu baseKyrgyz baziwa ngomoya wabo wokungenisa izihambi ofudumele nobungane ezivakashini. Ngokuvamile benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze benze izivakashi zizizwe zamukelekile futhi zikhululekile. 2. Ukuhlonipha Abadala: Ukuhlonipha abadala kuyisici esibalulekile samasiko amaKyrgyz. Amakhasimende angabonisa ukuhlonipha abasebenzi abadala noma abantu abasezikhundleni zokuphatha. 3. Ukuma kweqembu: Umphakathi wama-Kyrgyz wazisa ukuqoqwana ngaphezu kobuntu, okusho ukuthi izinqumo ngokuvamile zenziwa ngokuvumelana phakathi kweqembu esikhundleni somuntu ngamunye. 4. Ubudlelwano bomndeni obuqinile: Umndeni udlala indima ebalulekile ezimpilweni zabantu baseKyrgyz, ngakho ukwakha ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu kungase kubaluleke ekusunguleni ukuxhumana kwebhizinisi. I-Taboos yekhasimende: 1. Izicathulo ezindlini: Kubhekwa njengokungahloniphi ukugqoka izicathulo endlini yomuntu othile eKyrgyzstan. Kuwumkhuba ukususa izicathulo zakho ngaphambi kokungena endlini noma ehhovisi lothile. 2. Ukuboniswa kothando esidlangalaleni (PDA): Ukuboniswa kothando esidlangalaleni njengokuqabulana noma ukwanga kufanele kugwenywe ezindaweni zomphakathi njengoba kuthathwa njengokungafaneleki. 3.Isigaba senhlalo: Kunohlelo lwenhlalo olungacacile oluncike eminyakeni yobudala nesikhundla phakathi komphakathi okufanele sihlonishwe. Gwema ukukhuluma ngokudelela abadala noma labo abasegunyeni. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zici kanye nezinkolelo-ze kungenzeka zingameli wonke umuntu e-Kyrgyzstan kodwa zinganikeza imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana namaphethini okuziphatha amakhasimende ezwe agxile ekujuleni kwamasiko namasiko abo.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
I-Kyrgyzstan iyizwe elivaliwe e-Asia Ephakathi, futhi inesimiso sayo sokulawula amasiko nemingcele. Lapho weqa umngcele noma ufika ezikhumulweni zezindiza, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba nepasipoti esemthethweni enezinyanga okungenani eziyisithupha ezisele esemthethweni. Ukwengeza, izivakashi zingadinga futhi i-visa kuye ngokuthi yisakhamuzi sazo. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole izidingo ezithile ze-visa ngaphambi kohambo. Lapho befika, bonke abantu kufanele bagcwalise ikhadi lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe elihlanganisa imininingwane yomuntu siqu njengegama, imininingwane yepasipoti, injongo yokuvakasha, nesikhathi sokuhlala. Leli khadi kufanele ligcinwe liphephile ngesikhathi sonke sokuvakasha njengoba lidingeka ukuthi lihanjiswe lapho lisuka ezweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahambi kufanele bamemezele noma yiziphi izinto ezikhawulelwe noma ezinqatshelwe lapho bengena e-Kyrgyzstan. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izibhamu, izidakamizwa, imikhiqizo ethile yokudla engase ibe yingozi empilweni noma yephule imithetho. Izikhulu zeCustoms zingahlola imithwalo ngokungahleliwe lapho zifika ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yokungenisa. Abahambi bayelulekwa ukuthi bangaphathi imali eningi ngokweqile ngaphandle kwemibhalo efanele njengoba izindodla zemali zingase zibe ngaphansi kokuhlolwa nezimfuneko zokumenyezelwa. Kuyaphawuleka futhi ukuthi i-Kyrgyzstan inemithetho eqinile emelene nokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa okungekho emthethweni; ngakho-ke yonke imithwalo kufanele ipakishwe ngokucophelela ngabahambi ngokwabo ngaphandle kokwamukela amaphakheji avela kwabanye. Lapho usuka e-Kyrgyzstan, kubalulekile ukuthi izivakashi zibuyisele amakhadi azo okuthuthela kwelinye izwe endaweni yokuhlola elawula umngcele kanye namanye amadokhumenti adingekayo njengamarisidi ezimpahla ezibalulekile ezithengwe ngaphakathi ezweni uma ecelwe izikhulu zentela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ukuze ugweme noma ibuphi ubunzima noma ukubambezeleka ngenkathi usebenza nezilawuli zamasiko nemingcele e-Kyrgyzstan, kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukuthi abahambi balandele le mihlahlandlela ukunaka lokhu kuqinisekisa ukungena nokuphuma ngaphandle kwezwe ngokushelela.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe elivalekile e-Asia Emaphakathi, inezinqubomgomo zentela yokungenisa eziqondile zokulawula ukungena kwezimpahla ezweni. Amazinga entela yokungenisa e-Kyrgyzstan anqunywa Ikhodi Yentela Yezwe futhi angahluka kuye ngohlobo nomsuka wempahla engenisiwe. Ngokuvamile, i-Kyrgyzstan isebenzisa izintela ze-ad valorem noma izintela ezisekelwe kwinani ezintweni ezithengwayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi intela ibalwa njengephesenti yenani lezimpahla. Izinga lentela yokungenisa elizweni elimaphakathi lisuka ku-0% liye ku-10%, kuye ngezinto ezihlukahlukene njengohlobo lomkhiqizo ongeniswayo. Izinto ezithile ezibalulekile, njengokudla nemithi, zingajabulela amanani ancishisiwe noma angenayo intela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufinyeleleka kwezakhamizi. Ngaleso sikhathi, imikhiqizo yokunethezeka noma engabalulekile ivamise ukuba namazinga entela aphezulu abekwe iziphathimandla zase-Kyrgyz ukuze zilawule ukusetshenziswa kwayo. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-Kyrgyzstan iyilungu le-Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), ephinde ithinte inqubomgomo yayo yentela yokungenisa. Njengengxenye yale nyunyana, izimpahla ezithile ezingena e-Kyrgyzstan ezivela emazweni angamalungu e-EAEU zingase zifanelekele ukuthola izintela eziphansi noma ezikhululiwe ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zokuhweba ezikhethwayo. Abathekelisi e-Kyrgyzstan kudingeka ukuthi banikeze imibhalo edingekayo ehlobene nokuthunyelwa kwabo, okuhlanganisa ama-invoyisi nezitifiketi zemvelaphi. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela lezi zidingo kungaholela ezijezisweni ezengeziwe noma ukubambezeleka ezindaweni zokuhlola intela. Kunconywa ukuthi abantu ngabanye noma amabhizinisi angenisa izimpahla e-Kyrgyzstan axhumane neziphathimandla zasendaweni noma ama-broker angochwepheshe abanolwazi lwakamuva mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwentela nemithetho esebenzayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotshelwa kwazo zonke izinqubo ezifanele futhi kugweme noma yiziphi izinkinga zentela ezingadingekile ngesikhathi sokungenisa kuleli lizwe.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
I-Kyrgyzstan iyizwe elise-Asia Emaphakathi, elaziwa ngemithombo yalo yemvelo nemikhiqizo yezolimo. Izwe selisebenzise izinqubomgomo zentela ezimbalwa ezihlobene nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe. I-Kyrgyzstan ilandela inqubomgomo yentela ekhululekile uma kuziwa ekuthumeleni izimpahla ngaphandle. Uhulumeni uhlose ukukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho kanye nokuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe ngokugcina intela yempahla ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe iphansi. Ngokuvamile, amanani entela yokuthekelisa e-Kyrgyzstan aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe akulesi sifunda. Isici esisodwa esiphawulekayo senqubomgomo yentela yase-Kyrgyzstan ukuthi ayibeki izintela ezithile zokuthekelisa ezimpahleni eziningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imikhiqizo efana nezindwangu, umkhiqizo wezolimo, imishini, namaminerali ingathunyelwa ngaphandle ngaphandle kokubhekana nemithwalo eyengeziwe yentela. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube khona okuhlukile okuthile noma izimo ezithile lapho ezinye izimpahla zingaheha izintela zokuthekelisa noma imisebenzi. Lokhu okuhlukile ngokuvamile kusebenza ezinsimbini eziyigugu namatshe njengegolide noma amadayimane. Iziphathimandla zingase zibeke izintela ezithile kulezi zimpahla zenani eliphezulu ukuze zilawule ukuhwebelana kwazo futhi ziqinisekise ukuqapha okufanele. Kuyafaneleka ukubalula ukuthi nakuba i-Kyrgyzstan igcina izinqubomgomo zentela ezivumayo zokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, amabhizinisi ahilelekile ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe kusafanele ahambisane nemithetho nezinqubo zentela. Abathumeli bangaphandle kufanele baqinisekise imibhalo efanele, bakhokhe izimali ezisebenzayo (njengentela yempahla ethengiswayo), futhi bahambisane nanoma yiziphi izimfuneko zelayisensi ezibekwe uhulumeni. Sekukonke, uhlelo lwentela lwase-Kyrgyzstan lusiza ukuhamba kahle kwezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngokugcina amanani entela aphansi. Le nqubomgomo ikhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezohwebo lwangaphandle ngenkathi ivumela izinkampani zasekhaya ukuthi zikhangise ngemikhiqizo yazo ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe ngaphandle kwezithiyo ezinkulu zezezimali.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe lase-Asia Emaphakathi elaziwa ngezindawo zalo ezinhle namagugu amasiko anothile, linezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nobuqiniso balezi zimpahla, izwe liqalise inqubo yokunikeza isitifiketi sokuthumela ngaphandle. Ukunikezwa kwesitifiketi sokuthekelisa e-Kyrgyzstan kwenganyelwe izikhungo zikahulumeni ezimbalwa njenge-State Inspectorate for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Safety. Le nhlangano iqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yezolimo njengezithelo, imifino, inyama, nobisi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokuphepha nekhwalithi. Abathumeli bangaphandle balezi zimpahla kudingeka bathole izitifiketi ezifanele ukuze babonise ukuthobela imithetho. Ukwengeza, i-Kyrgyzstan isungule i-Kyrgyz Republic State Service on Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Kyrgyzstandard). Leli bhizinisi ligxile ekuqinisekiseni imikhiqizo yezimboni ngokusekelwe kumazinga omhlaba ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana kwayo ezimakethe zangaphandle. Ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuhlola ukuvumelana ngokuhlolwa komkhiqizo nokuhlola ngaphambi kokunikeza izitifiketi zokuvumelana. Mayelana nezindwangu noma izingubo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezivela e-Kyrgyzstan, abathumeli bangase badinge ukuthobela imithetho ethile ephathelene nokwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo noma izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezisethwe ngamazwe okuhlosiwe noma amabhlogo okuhweba. I-Ministry of Economy isebenzisana ngokugcwele nezinhlangano zezimboni ukuze isekele abakhiqizi ekuhlangabezaneni nalezi zidingo ngenkathi bebamba iqhaza emibukisweni yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe ukuze bakhuthaze ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitifiketi sokuthumela kwamanye amazwe sidlulela nasezimbiweni ezimbiwa phansi njengegolide namalahle akhishwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele yezwe. Lezi zimpahla kumele zihambisane nemithethonqubo eqinile ephoqelelwa izinhlangano zikahulumeni njenge-State Mining Industry Supervision Agency. Kafushane, inqubo ye-Kyrgyzstan yesitifiketi sokuthumela ngaphandle iqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa umkhiqizo wezolimo, imikhiqizo yezimboni njengezindwangu noma izinto zokugqoka; kanye nemithombo yezimbiwa phansi njengegolide ibambelela ezindinganisweni zamazwe ngamazwe okuphepha kanye nekhwalithi. Ama-ejensi kahulumeni ahilelekile ahlose ukwenza lula uhwebo kuyilapho ekhuthaza amabhizinisi endawo ukuthi ahlangabezane nezimfuneko zomhlaba wonke ngempumelelo.
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe elise-Asia Emaphakathi, inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinsiza zokuhamba nezokuthutha. Noma ngabe ufuna ukuthutha impahla ngaphakathi kwezwe noma kwamanye amazwe, i-Kyrgyzstan inezinketho ezimbalwa ezinconyiwe zazo zonke izidingo zakho zokuhamba. 1. Ezokuthutha Emgwaqeni: I-Kyrgyzstan inoxhaxha lwemigwaqo ethuthuke kahle ehlanganisa amadolobha amakhulu namadolobhana. Izinkampani zamaloli zendawo zinikeza izinsiza zokuhamba ezinokwethenjelwa nezingabizi kakhulu zokulethwa kwezimpahla ekhaya. Ukwengeza, izinkampani ezimbalwa zamazwe ngamazwe ezithwala impahla zisebenza ezweni futhi zihlinzeka ngezokuthutha zomgwaqo eziphumelelayo zokuthunyelwa kwemingcele. 2. Ukuthutha Ngezindiza: Ngokuthutha okuzwela isikhathi noma izinto zokuhamba ezikude, ukuthutha ngendiza kunconywa kakhulu e-Kyrgyzstan. Inhloko-dolobha i-Bishkek inesikhumulo sezindiza samazwe ngamazwe esinezinsiza zezimpahla ezisingatha izindiza ezithwala impahla zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe. Izinkampani zezindiza ezimbalwa ezaziwayo zinikeza isevisi yokuthutha esuka e-Kyrgyzstan iye ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba. 3. Ezokuthutha Ngololiwe: Ezokuthutha ngojantshi wangaphakathi nezwe kungenye inketho esebenzayo yezokuthutha e-Kyrgyzstan, ikakhulukazi ezimpahleni ezisindayo noma ezinkulu ezidinga ukuhamba ngendlela eyongayo uma uhamba amabanga amade. Inethiwekhi kazwelonke yezitimela ixhuma amadolobha amakhulu ngaphakathi kwezwe kanye namazwe angomakhelwane njengeKazakhstan Uzbekistan. 4. Impahla Yasolwandle: Nakuba ivaliwe ezweni, iKyrgyzstan ingafinyelela izinkonzo zokuthutha olwandle ngamachweba aseduze eRussia (njengeNovorossiysk), eChina (Tianjin Port), noma eKazakhstan (Aktau). Lawa machweba asebenza njengamasango okuthutha impahla olwandle esuka lapho ukuthunyelwa kuye phambili kuya kwezinye izindawo kungahlelwa ngezindlela zokuthutha ezixhumayo. 5. Izinkampani Zokuhlela: Izinkampani ezimbalwa ezithembekile zisebenza ngaphakathi e-Kyrgyzstan zihlinzeka ngezixazululo zokuphela konyaka ezihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwempahla, ukuphathwa kwempahla, ukupakisha, usizo lokukhishwa kwempahla, kanye nezinsizakalo zokulandelela ukuthunyelwa. Lezi zinhlangano ezingochwepheshe ziqinisekisa ukuxhumana okushelelayo kwemisebenzi yakho ye-supply chain ngokuphatha izidingo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaphepha kanye nokuqinisekisa ukulethwa ngesikhathi. 6. Izivumelwano Zohwebo: Njengelungu le-Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), ehlanganisa iRussia, Belarus Armenia ,neKazakhstan; amabhizinisi asebenza e-Kyrgyzstan ahlomula ezinkambisweni zenkambiso ezenziwe lula kanye nokwehliswa kwentela phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu. Ukusebenzisa lokhu kubambisana kwesifunda kungasiza ukwenza lula imisebenzi yezokuthutha futhi kwehlise izindleko zokuthutha eziwela imingcele. Sekukonke, i-Kyrgyzstan inikezela ngohlu lwezinketho zokuthutha ukuze kuthuthwe kahle impahla ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Noma ngabe ngomgwaqo, ngomoya, ngojantshi noma ngolwandle, kukhona abahlinzeki besevisi abahloniphekile abatholakalayo ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zokuthumela ngemikhumbi. Kunconywa ukusebenzelana nabathumeli bempahla bendawo noma izinkampani zempahla ezinolwazi olubanzi ngendawo yezokuthutha e-Kyrgyzstan ukuze uthole iziqondiso eziklanyelwe ngokusekelwe ezimfuneko ezithile.
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe elinezintaba e-Asia Ephakathi, inezindlela ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemibukiso yezohwebo yokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi. Ake sihlole ezinye zazo: 1. Isikhungo Sombukiso Samazwe Ngamazwe Sase-Kyrgyz: Lesi sikhungo esisenhloko-dolobha, i-Bishkek, sinemibukiso eminingi yezohwebo nemibukiso ehlanganisa izimboni ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezolimo, ezokwakha, izindwangu, nezimpahla ezithengwayo. Ihlinzeka ngenkundla yamabhizinisi endawo ukuze axhumane nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe futhi babonise ngemikhiqizo yabo. 2. Imidlalo Yomhlaba Eyi-Nomad: Ebanjwa iminyaka emibili e-Kyrgyzstan kusukela ngo-2014, i-World Nomad Games iheha abahlanganyeli abavela emazweni ahlukene abamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni yezemidlalo yendabuko efana nokugibela amahhashi, ukubambana, ukucibishela imicibisholo, namakhonsathi omculo wesintu. Lo mcimbi awugcini nje ngokuqhakambisa ukushintshana ngamasiko kodwa uhlinzeka nethuba lokuthi izingcweti zendawo zidayisele izivakashi ezivakashile ubuciko bazo. 3. Thumela Iphothali: Le nkundla ye-inthanethi ivumela abathumeli bangaphandle base-Kyrgyz ukuthi baxhumane ngokuqondile nabangenisi bomhlaba wonke ngokusebenzisa imakethe yayo yedijithali evikelekile. Ihlinzeka ngezici ezifana namasevisi okuhumusha ulimi namasistimu okuqinisekisa umthengi ukuze kube lula ukuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe okuphephile. 4. I-Silk Road Chamber of International Commerce (SRCIC): Njengengxenye ye-China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), i-SRCIC ihlose ukuthuthukisa ukubambisana kwezohwebo phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu ngomzila womlando weSilk Road kuhlanganise ne-Kyrgyzstan. Ngezinkomfa, izinkundla, ukufanisa ibhizinisi neminye imisebenzi ehlelwe yi-SRCIC, amabhizinisi ase-Kyrgyz angasungula ukuxhumana nabangase babe abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. 5. I-Alai Valley Tourism & Investment Forum: Ihlelwa minyaka yonke endaweni eseningizimu ye-Alai Valley ye-Kyrgyzstan ngaphansi kwezintaba ezinhle kakhulu njenge-Peak Lenin ne-Khan Tengri; lesi sithangami sigxile ekukhuthazeni ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlobene nezokuvakasha kanti futhi sihlinzeka ngendawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwababambe iqhaza ababambe iqhaza emizamweni yokuvakasha. 6. Iphrojekthi ye-eTradeCentralAsia (eTCA): Isekelwa uHlelo Lokuthuthukiswa KweZizwe Ezihlangene (UNDP), i-eTCA ihlose ukuqinisa ukufinyelela kwe-Asia Emaphakathi kumathuba e-e-commerce ngokuthuthukisa amasu e-e-commerce kazwelonke, ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yedijithali, nokweseka ama-SME ekwamukeleni i-e- imikhuba yokuhweba. Amabhizinisi ase-Kyrgyzstan angazuza kule phrojekthi ukuze andise isisekelo sawo sabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ngokuhweba nge-inthanethi. 7. I-Kyrgyz International Economic Forum (KIEF): Umcimbi waminyaka yonke obanjelwe e-Bishkek wabo bobabili abaholi bamabhizinisi basekhaya nabamazwe ngamazwe, abenzi benqubomgomo, izifundiswa, nabatshalizimali ukuze kuxoxwe ngokubambisana kwezomnotho kanye nokukhuthaza amathuba okutshala izimali emikhakheni eyahlukene yomnotho wase-Kyrgyz. 8. Imibukiso Yezohwebo Yamazwe Ngamazwe: I-Kyrgyzstan isingatha imibukiso yohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe eminingi ehlelwa yizimboni ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ezolimo, ezokwakha, izindwangu, izimayini, amandla, kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Le mibukiso iheha izinhlobonhlobo zabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe enikeza amabhizinisi endawo ithuba lokukhombisa ngemikhiqizo yawo kanye nokuhlola ubudlelwano obungaba khona. Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa zezindlela ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemibukiso yezohwebo etholakala e-Kyrgyzstan. Ukusebenzelana nalezi zinkundla kungavulela amabhizinisi ezweni iminyango ukuze andise ukufinyelela kwawo ngale kwemingcele kazwelonke futhi angene ezimakethe zomhlaba.
E-Kyrgyzstan, kunezinjini zokusesha ezimbalwa ezivame ukusetshenziswa abantu abazisebenzisa ekuphequluleni i-inthanethi. Nazi ezinye izinjini zokusesha ezidumile e-Kyrgyzstan kanye nama-URL azo ewebhusayithi alandelayo: 1. I-Yandex (https://www.yandex.kg): I-Yandex ingenye yezinjini zokusesha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu e-Kyrgyzstan, eyaziwa ngezici zayo ezithuthukile nokuqukethwe kwendawo. 2. I-Google (https://www.google.kg): I-Google iyinjini yokusesha ehamba phambili emhlabeni wonke, futhi inguqulo yayo yesifunda ye-Kyrgyzstan inikeza ukufinyelela kunhlobonhlobo yokuqukethwe kwendawo kanye nomhlaba jikelele. 3. I-Mail.ru Search (https://go.mail.ru): I-Mail.ru iwumhlinzeki wesevisi ye-imeyili odumile e-Russia nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS, kodwa futhi inikeza injini yokusesha ethembekile ebhekelela abasebenzisi baseKyrgyzstan. 4. I-Namba.kg (https://namba.kg): I-Namba.kg iyinkundla yokuxhumana nabantu edumile e-Kyrgyzstan ephinde inikeze ngamakhono okuphequlula iwebhu endawo ngesici esakhelwe ngaphakathi senjini yokusesha. 5. Yahoo! Sesha (https://search.yahoo.com): Yahoo! Ukusesha kungenye injini yokusesha eyaziwayo yamazwe ngamazwe engafinyelelwa abasebenzisi e-Kyrgyzstan ukuze bathole ulwazi olufanele ku-inthanethi. 6. I-Aport (https://www.aport.ru): I-Aport ngokuyinhloko iyingosi ye-inthanethi yolimi lwesiRashiya enikezela ngezinkonzo ezihlukahlukene njengezindaba, ukuthenga, i-imeyili, kanye nethuluzi lenjini yokusesha elisebenza kahle elisiza abasebenzisi abavela emazweni ahlukene kuhlanganise ne-Kyrgyzstan. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi nakuba lezi kuzinjini zokusesha ezivamile ezisetshenziswa e-Kyrgyzstan, izintandokazi zomuntu ngamunye zingahluka kuye ngokukhetha komuntu siqu noma izidingo ezithile zabasebenzisi.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

I-Kyrgyzstan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Kyrgyz Republic, iyizwe elise-Central Asia. Nawa amanye amakhasi aphuzi ayinhloko e-Kyrgyzstan kanye namawebhusayithi awo: 1. Yellow Pages KG - Inkomba esemthethweni ye-inthanethi yamabhizinisi ase-Kyrgyzstan. Iwebhusayithi: www.yellowpageskg.com 2. Bishkek Yellow Pages - Uhlu oluphelele lwamabhizinisi namasevisi enhloko-dolobha, i-Bishkek. Iwebhusayithi: www.bishkekyellowpages.com 3. 24.kg Business Directory - Incwadi ye-inthanethi enezinkampani nezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene emikhakheni eyahlukene. Iwebhusayithi: www.businessdirectory.24.kg 4. Isikhathi Sebhizinisi KG - Inkundla enikeza ukufakwa kuhlu kwebhizinisi, izindaba, nolunye ulwazi olufanele mayelana nezimboni zase-Kyrgyzstan. Iwebhusayithi: www.businesstimekg.com 5. I-Dunyo Pechati (Iphrinta Yomhlaba) - Incwadi yokuphrinta edumile ehlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa nokufakwa kuhlu kwebhizinisi kwamadolobha ahlukahlukene e-Kyrgyzstan. Iwebhusayithi (Russian): https://duniouchet.ru/ 6. Uhlu Lwebhizinisi Lwe-GoKG - Ingosi kahulumeni esemthethweni yamabhizinisi abhalisiwe e-Kyrgyzstan. Iwebhusayithi: www.businessdirectory.gov.kg/eng 7. Findinall KYZ Central Asia Business Pages - Uhlu lwemibhalo eku-inthanethi olunikeza ulwazi ngamabhizinisi asebenza emikhakheni ehlukene. Iwebhusayithi: kyz.findinall.com/en/ Lezi zinkomba zamakhasi aphuzi zingaba usizo ekutholeni inhlobonhlobo yezinsizakalo ezifana nezindawo zokudlela, amahhotela, izitolo, abahlinzeki bezempilo, izinsizakalo zezomthetho, izinkampani zezokuthutha, nokuningi. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi nakuba lawa mawebhusayithi angase anikeze uhlu lwamabhizinisi nolwazi mayelana nemikhakha eyahlukene e-Kyrgyzstan ngesikhathi sokubhala le mpendulo; ukuba izinkundla eziku-inthanethi noma ukushicilelwa okungaphansi kwezibuyekezo noma izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungase kuthinte ukutholakala noma ukusebenziseka kwazo

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

I-Kyrgyzstan, izwe elise-Asia Ephakathi, ibone ukukhula okuphawulekayo kumapulatifomu e-e-commerce eminyakeni yamuva. Nazi ezinye zezinkundla ezinkulu ze-e-commerce e-Kyrgyzstan kanye nama-URL wewebhusayithi yabo: 1. I-Shoppy.kg (https://shoppy.kg): I-Shoppy ingenye yezinkundla ezihamba phambili ze-e-commerce e-Kyrgyzstan enikeza inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo, efaka izinto zikagesi, izingubo zokugqoka, izinto zasendlini, nokunye. Ihlinzeka ngezinketho zokukhokha ezivikelekile kanye nezinsizakalo zokulethwa okuthembekile. 2. I-Sulpak.kg (https://sulpak.kg): I-Sulpak inkundla yokuthenga ye-inthanethi edumile eyaziwa ngokukhethwa kwayo okubanzi kwezinto zikagesi nezinto zasendlini. Inikeza amanani ancintisanayo nezinketho ezilula zokulethwa kumakhasimende kuyo yonke i-Kyrgyzstan. 3. I-Lamoda.kg (https://lamoda.kg): I-Lamoda iyisitolo semfashini esiku-inthanethi esihlinzeka ngezidingo zabesilisa, abesifazane, nezezingane. Ihlanganisa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yasendaweni neyamazwe ngamazwe ngamanani athengekayo ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukulethwa kweminyango esheshayo nethembekile. 4. I-AliExpress (https://www.aliexpress.com): I-AliExpress iyindawo yemakethe ye-inthanethi eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke ephinde isebenzele amakhasimende e-Kyrgyzstan. Inikeza uhla olubanzi lwemikhiqizo evela ezigabeni ezahlukene ezifana ne-electronics, imfashini, imikhiqizo yobuhle, izinto zokuhlobisa ikhaya ezinezinketho zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ezitholakalayo. 5. Imakethe ye-Kolesa (https://kolesa.market): I-Kolesa Market iyinkundla enkulu yokufakwa kuhlu yezimoto e-Kyrgyzstan lapho abantu bengathengisa noma bathenge izimoto ezintsha noma ezisetshenzisiwe kalula ngezikhangiso ezihlukanisiwe noma ukuxhumana ngqo nabathengisi. 6.Zamzam Market( https://zamzam.market) : IMakethe yeZamZam igxile kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe ye-halal okuhlanganisa ukudla okufana nenyama, ubisi, isinkwa kanye nezinye izinto zamaSulumane ezingahlobene nokudla. Inikeza amabhizinisi endawo ithuba lokuthengisa imikhiqizo ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula esibenza bakwazi ukufinyelela isisekelo samakhasimende esikhudlwana ezweni. Lawa amanye amapulatifomu amakhulu e-e-commerce atholakala eKyrgyzstan. Lezi zinkundla zinikeza indlela elula nelula yokuthi abantu bathenge ku-inthanethi futhi bafinyelele inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo ngaphandle kokushiya amakhaya abo.

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

I-Kyrgyzstan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Kyrgyz Republic, iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Central Asia. Naphezu kokuba izwe elincane uma kuqhathaniswa, linobukhona be-inthanethi obunempilo nezinkundla ezimbalwa zokuxhumana ezidumile ezisetshenziswa kakhulu izakhamizi zakhona. Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezivame ukusetshenziswa e-Kyrgyzstan kanye namawebhusayithi azo: 1. I-Odnoklassniki (OK.ru): I-Odnoklassniki iyisevisi yenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu edumile yaseRussia esetshenziswa kakhulu e-Kyrgyzstan. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane nabafunda nabo kanye nabangane futhi babelane ngezithombe, amavidiyo, nezibuyekezo. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.ok.ru 2. I-Facebook: Njengenye yezinkundla zokuxhumana ezihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke, i-Facebook isithole ukuduma e-Kyrgyzstan. Ihlinzeka ngezici ezifana nokuxhumana nabangane, ukwabelana ngezibuyekezo nezithombe, ukujoyina amaqembu, ukudala imicimbi, nokunye okuningi. Iwebhusayithi: www.facebook.com 3. I-Instagram: I-Instagram iyinkundla yokwabelana ngezithombe namavidiyo esizuze ukuduma okukhulu emhlabeni jikelele okuhlanganisa nase-Kyrgyzstan. Abasebenzisi bangathumela izithombe noma amavidiyo kokuphakelayo kwabo noma izindaba kanye namagama-ncazo nama-hashtag ukuze bafinyelele izithameli eziningi. Iwebhusayithi: www.instagram.com 4. I-VKontakte (VK): I-VKontakte (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-VK) enye ingosi yokuxhumana nabantu eseRussia edume kakhulu entsheni yaseKyrgyzstan. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: vk.com 5.Isilayezi seTelegram: Yize ingafakwa kusigaba esiqinile njengengosi yenkundla yezokuxhumana yendabuko njengabanye ababalulwe ngenhla, iTeleram Messenger isizuze ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwezakhamizi zaseKyrgystan ngezinjongo zokuxhumana.Inkundla inikeza izici zokuxoxa ezigxile ekuyimfihlo kanye nezingxoxo zeqembu, iziteshi, kanye izingcingo zezwi Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: telegram.org Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nakuba lezi ezinye zezinkundla zokuxhumana ezivamile ezisetshenziswa abantu base-Kyrgyzstan, abanye abasebenzisi bangase futhi basebenzise izinsizakalo zomhlaba jikelele ezifana ne-Twitter, YouTube, Tiktok, ne-Snapchat kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo yendawo. ukuthola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabantu baseKyrgyzstani.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

I-Kyrgyzstan inezinhlangano eziningana ezinkulu zezimboni ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni nasekuthuthukiseni imikhakha eyahlukene yomnotho wezwe. Ezinye zezinhlangano ezivelele zomkhakha e-Kyrgyzstan, kanye nama-URL ewebhusayithi yazo, yilezi: 1. Inhlangano Yase-Kyrgyz Yokuthuthukiswa Kwezokuvakasha (KADT) Iwebhusayithi http://www.tourism.kg/en/ I-KADT isebenza ekuthuthukiseni ezokuvakasha kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuncintisana kwe-Kyrgyzstan njengendawo yokuvakasha. Bazibandakanya emisebenzini efana nokukhangisa, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha, kanye nokumela inqubomgomo ukuthuthukisa umkhakha wezokuvakasha. 2. Inyunyana Yosozimboni Nosomabhizinisi (UIE) Iwebhusayithi http://en.spp.kg/ I-UIE imele amabhizinisi azimele kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene e-Kyrgyzstan. Bahlinzeka ngosekelo kosomabhizinisi ngamathuba okuxhumana, izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa amabhizinisi, ukunxenxa izimo zebhizinisi ezivumayo, nokuhlela imibukiso yezohwebo. 3. I-Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) yase-Kyrgyz Republic Iwebhusayithi: https://cci.kg/en/ I-CCI isebenza njengenhlangano engenzi nzuzo ehlose ukwenza lula imisebenzi yezomnotho ngaphakathi kwe-Kyrgyzstan ngokukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwasekhaya nokwangaphandle, ukukhuthaza ubudlelwano bokuhwebelana namazwe ngamazwe, ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zolwazi lwebhizinisi, nokuxazulula izingxabano ngokulamula. 4. Inhlangano Yamabhange (ABKR) Iwebhusayithi: https://abkr.kg/eng/main I-ABKR yinhlangano emele amabhange okuhweba asebenza ngaphakathi komkhakha wezezimali wase-Kyrgyzstan. Isebenza njengenkundla yokusebenzisana phakathi kwamabhange ukuze kubhekwane nezinselele eziqondene nomkhakha othile kuyilapho isekela izinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza ukukhula komnotho okusimeme. 5. Inhlangano "Yokusekela ezolimo" Iwebhusayithi http://dszkg.ru/ Le nhlangano igxile ekwesekeni abakhiqizi bezolimo eKyrgyzstan ngokubasiza ngokufinyelela ezezimali, izinhlelo zokudlulisa ubuchwepheshe, izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa izimakethe, Njengoba isizindalwazi sami singenalo ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngale nhlangano Lezi yizibonelo ezimbalwa nje; kungase kube nezinye izinhlangano eziqondene nomkhakha othile e-Kyrgyzstan futhi.

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

I-Kyrgyzstan iyizwe lase-Asia Emaphakathi elaziwa ngendawo yalo ebabazekayo, amasiko acebile, kanye nomnotho okhulayo. Uma ufuna ulwazi ngamathuba ezomnotho nawezohwebo e-Kyrgyzstan, nanka amawebhusayithi angakunikeza ulwazi olufanele: 1. I-Ministry of Economy of the Kyrgyz Republic: Isizindalwazi esisemthethweni soMnyango Wezomnotho sinikeza izinsiza ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nokuhweba nokutshalwa kwezimali e-Kyrgyzstan. Banikeza ulwazi ngezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni, amathuba okutshala izimali, imithetho yebhizinisi, nezinkomba zezomnotho. Iwebhusayithi http://www.economy.gov.kg/en 2. I-InvestInKyrgyzstan.org: Le webhusayithi igxile ekukhuthazeni ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe e-Kyrgyzstan ngokunikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nemikhakha ehlukene efana nezolimo, ezokuvakasha, ezezimayini, ezamandla kanye nezokukhiqiza. Iphinde inikeze isifinyezo sezinqubo zokutshala izimali kanye nezinzuzo. Iwebhusayithi http://www.investinkyrgyzstan.org/ 3. I-Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) yase-Kyrgyz Republic: I-CCI imele amabhizinisi e-Kyrgyzstan futhi isebenzela ukwakha isimo sebhizinisi esivumayo kumabhizinisi asekhaya nawangaphandle. Isizindalwazi sabo siqukethe izinsiza eziwusizo ezifana nemibiko yocwaningo lwemakethe, izinkomba zebhizinisi, amashejuli wezohwebo, kanye nezeluleko zomthetho ngokwenza ibhizinisi ezweni. Iwebhusayithi: https://cci.kg/eng/ 4. Ikomidi Likazwelonke Lezibalo LeRiphabhulikhi Yase-Kyrgyz: Ukuze uthole idatha ephelele ehlobene nezinkomba zezomnotho ezifana nezinga lokukhula kwe-GDP, izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, izinga lokungasebenzi, izibalo zohwebo lwangaphandle (idatha yokungenisa/yokuthekelisa), izibalo zokutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nezibalo zabantu, Isizindalwazi seKomidi Lezibalo Likazwelonke siwumthombo omuhle kakhulu. Iwebhusayithi http://www.stat.kg/en/ 5.I-Bishkek Stock Exchange (BSX): Uma ungathanda izimakethe zezimali noma ufuna ukuhlola amathuba okutshala izimali ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okushintshanisa amasheya noma ukuhweba ngezibambiso e-Kyrgyzstan, le webhusayithi esemthethweni inikeza izingcaphuno zesikhathi sangempela, izindaba zemakethe enkulu, kanye nemihlahlandlela yokulawula. Iwebhusayithi:http://bse.kg/content/contact-information- Ngaso sonke isikhathi khumbula ukuqinisekisa kanye nolwazi oluyisithenjwa oluvela emithonjeni eminingi ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo zokutshala izimali noma ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini yezohwebo.

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

I-Kyrgyzstan, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Kyrgyz Republic, iyizwe elivaliwe elise-Central Asia. Inomnotho osathuthuka ogxile kwezolimo, ezezimayini, nezimboni zokukhiqiza. Ngeshwa, ayikho iwebhusayithi ethile ehlinzeka ngayo yonke idatha yokuhweba yase-Kyrgyzstan. Nokho, kunemithombo eminingana lapho ungathola khona ulwazi ngezibalo zokuhweba zaseKyrgyzstan: 1. Ikomidi Likazwelonke Lezibalo Le-Kyrgyz Republic (NSC) - I-ejensi yezibalo esemthethweni yase-Kyrgyzstan inikeza izinkomba zezomnotho ezihlukahlukene kanye nemibiko ngohwebo lwangaphandle. Ungafinyelela iwebhusayithi yabo ku-: http://www.stat.kg/en/ 2. IBhange Lomhlaba - Ingosi yedatha yeBhange Lomhlaba ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole amamethrikhi ahlukene ahlobene nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe emazweni ahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-Kyrgyzstan: https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators 3. Isikhungo Sohwebo Samazwe Ngamazwe - I-ITC ihlinzeka ngezibalo zohwebo ezinemininingwane kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezimakethe zamazwe emhlabeni wonke ngokusebenzisa inkundla yawo ye-Trade Map: https://www.trademap.org/ 4.Export.gov - Le webhusayithi isetshenziswa Umnyango Wezohwebo wase-U.S futhi ihlanganisa ucwaningo lwemakethe nolwazi olumayelana namathuba okuthumela emazweni ahlukahlukene njenge-Kyrgyz Republic: https://www.export.gov/welcome 5.Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Institute (CI) – Isizinda esisemthethweni se-CI sinikezela ngezibuyekezo zomnotho zesifunda nemibiko engase ihlanganise ulwazi olufanele ngohwebo lwangaphandle phakathi kwamazwe ase-Asia Emaphakathi njenge-Kyrgyzstan: http://carecinstitute.org/ Qaphela ukuthi ezinye izinkundla ezisuselwe kokubhaliselwe noma izinhlangano zocwaningo zingase futhi zinikeze idatha yokuhweba ephelele egxile ezimbonini ezithile noma izimakethe ngaphakathi kwe-Kyrgyzstan. Kunconywa ukuthi uvakashele lawa mawebhusayithi ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva mayelana nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe/okuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngomkhakha wemboni, abalingani bokuhweba, amanani entengo, ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla, kanye nezinye izibalo ezifanele ezihlobene nohwebo lwangaphandle e-Kyrgyzstan.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

E-Kyrgyzstan, kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ze-B2B lapho amabhizinisi engahlanganyela khona kwezohwebo futhi athole abangaba abalingani. Nazi ezinye izinkundla ze-B2B ezivelele e-Kyrgyzstan, kanye nama-URL azo ewebhusayithi alandelayo: 1. I-BizGate (www.bizgate.kg): I-BizGate iyinkundla ehamba phambili ye-B2B e-Kyrgyzstan exhumanisa amabhizinisi futhi ihambise amathuba okuhweba ngaphakathi kwezwe. Ihlinzeka ngezici eziningi ezihlanganisa izinkomba zebhizinisi, ukufakwa kuhlu kwemikhiqizo, nezinsizakalo zokufanisa. 2. GROW.TECHNOLOGIES (www.growtech.io): GROW.TECHNOLOGIES iyinkundla ye-B2B esungulayo egxile ekuxhumaniseni amabhizinisi asekelwe kubuchwepheshe e-Kyrgyzstan. Inikeza izinsiza ezahlukahlukene njengezindaba zemboni, imicimbi yenethiwekhi, nobuhlakani bebhizinisi ukusiza abasaqalayo ukuthi baphumelele. 3. Qoovee.com (www.qoovee.com): I-Qoovee.com iyimakethe yamazwe ngamazwe etholakala ngokuphawulekayo e-Kyrgyzstan. Le nkundla ye-B2B inika amandla amabhizinisi asekhaya nawangaphandle ukuthi axhumane nabaphakeli, abakhiqizi, abathengisi bezitolo, kanye nabathengisi kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene. 4. I-Alibaba.kg: I-Alibaba.kg inguqulo yasendaweni yemakethe ye-B2B edumile emhlabeni wonke - i-Alibaba.com - eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile imakethe yase-Kyrgyzstani. Ihlinzeka ngohlu olubanzi lwemikhiqizo evela kubathengisi abahlukahlukene ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene ezweni. 5. I-TradeFord (www.tradeford.com/kg/): I-TradeFord iwuhlu lwemibhalo oluku-inthanethi lwabangenisa nabathumela ngaphandle oluzinze e-Kyrgyzstan kanye nakwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele. Amabhizinisi angakhangisa ngemikhiqizo yawo noma aseshe abangaba ozakwethu ngemboni noma ngendawo kule nkundla. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi nakuba lezi nkundla zisetshenziswa kakhulu emphakathini wamabhizinisi wase-Kyrgyzstan ngezinjongo ze-B2B, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngaphambi kokuxhumana nanoma iyiphi inkundla ethile noma uzakwethu ukuze uqinisekise ukwethembeka nokuphepha emisebenzini yakho.
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