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Izimakethe Eziyinhloko
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Ukubuka konke Kwezwe
INorth Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngeDemocratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyisizwe esitholakala eMpumalanga Asia. Njengoba inabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-25, iNorth Korea ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-120,540. Izwe lihlukanisiwe ngokwendawo, labelana ngemingcele neChina enyakatho nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga, iRussia ukuya enyakatho-mpumalanga, kanye neNingizimu Korea eduze ne-Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) eqiniswe kakhulu eningizimu. Inhloko-dolobha yayo kanye nesikhungo esikhulu samadolobha yiPyongyang. I-North Korea ilandela i-ideology ye-socialist enomnotho womyalo obonakala ngokulawulwa kombuso phezu kwezimboni ezinkulu. Uhulumeni ulawula ngokuqinile zonke izici zokuphila ezweni futhi usebenza ngaphansi komthetho weqembu elilodwa eliholwa i-Workers' Party of Korea. Uhlelo lwezepolitiki lwesizwe lugxile ezizukulwaneni ezintathu ezilandelanayo zabaholi abavela emndenini owasungulwa: uKim Il-sung, uKim Jong-il, noKim Jong-un. Umholi ophakeme ulawula kakhulu izindaba zombuso futhi unegunya elikhulu. Nakuba iNorth Korea ibhekene nokuhlukaniswa namazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yohlelo lwayo lwezikhali zenuzi oluyimpikiswano kanye nezinsolo zokuhlukumeza amalungelo abantu, yenze intuthuko enkulu emandleni ayo ezempi. Izwe lenza ukuhlolwa kwemicibisholo evamile evame ukuphakamisa ukungezwani eNhlonhlweni YaseKorea futhi kube nomthelela ekukhathazekeni kwezokuphepha emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokomnotho, iNorth Korea ibhekene nezinselelo eziningi ezihlanganisa ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezimakethe zangaphandle ngenxa yenswinyo ebekwe ngamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yalokho, amazinga obumpofu ahlala ephezulu phakathi kwezingxenye ezinkulu zomphakathi kuyilapho ukusweleka kokudla kuqhubeka njalo. Ngokwamasiko, abantu baseNyakatho Korea bazigqaja kakhulu ngamasiko abo agxile ekuhlonipheni abaholi babo kanye nokwethembeka ezweni labo. Izincwadi zezincwadi zivame ukuveza izinganekwane zobuqhawe ezibonisa imibono yezombangazwe; amaholide kazwelonke agubha imicimbi ebalulekile emlandweni wawo noma ahloniphe impumelelo yabaholi bawo. Nakuba ezokuvakasha zivinjelwe uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izizwe ngenxa yezingxabano zezombangazwe, iMount Paektu - ebhekwa njengengcwele - iheha izivakashi ezifisa ukuhamba kulobu buhle bemvelo. Ukwengeza, ukudla kwaseKorea okufana ne-kimchi (imifino ebilile) sekudume umhlaba wonke. Sekukonke, iNorth Korea iseyisizwe esiyingqayizivele esinesimo sezepolitiki esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi enobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe.
Imali Yezwe
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njenge-Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), inesimo semali esiyingqayizivele nesiyinkimbinkimbi. Imali esemthethweni yaseNyakatho Korea iNorth Korean won (KPW). Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-KPW ayithengiswa ngokukhululeka noma ukushintshaniswa kwamanye amazwe. Izinga lokushintshisana kwe-North Korean won lilawulwa kakhulu uhulumeni, futhi inani lalo lihlala lizinzile ngaphakathi kwezwe. Idola laseMelika (i-USD) livamise ukuguqulela ku-100-120 KPW ekuhwebeni okusemthethweni, kodwa leli zinga lingase lihluke ezimakethe ezimnyama noma eziteshini ezingekho emthethweni. Izimali zakwamanye amazwe ngokuvamile azamukelwa ekwenziweni kwansuku zonke ngaphakathi kweNyakatho Korea. Kunalokho, izivakashi kudingeka zishintshe izimali zazo zakwamanye amazwe zibe yi-KPW lapho zifika ezindaweni ezikhethiwe njengamahhotela noma amabhange endawo. Kungemva kokuthola imali yendawo kuphela lapho izivakashi zingakwazi ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini evamile yezentengiso njengokuthenga noma yokudlela. Ukusetshenziswa kwezimali zakwamanye amazwe, njengamadola ase-US noma i-yuan yaseShayina, sekuthole ukwamukelwa okuthile eminyakeni yamuva ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwanda kwezokuvakasha nemisebenzi yohwebo lwangaphandle ehlanganisa amazwe angomakhelwane njengeChina neRussia. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa kusakhawulelwe ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithile ezikhethelwe abokufika kunokuba kusabalale esizweni sonke. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi unswinyo lwezomnotho olwafakwa ngamazwe ahlukene ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngohlelo lwenuzi lwaseNorth Korea luqhubeza phambili isimo sayo semali sibe nzima. Lezi zijeziso zikhawulela ukuthengiselana kwezezimali nezinkampani zaseNyakatho Korea, okuhlanganisa imikhawulo kukho kokubili imisebenzi yokuhweba nokutshalwa kwezimali ehilela izwe. Sekukonke, ngenkathi izakhamizi ezijwayelekile zithembele kakhulu ekuzuzeni iNorth Korean ngokuthengiselana kwazo kwansuku zonke ngaphakathi kwemingcele yezwe, imibono yamazwe ngamazwe ngomnotho wayo iholele emikhawulweni ehlukahlukene ethinta uhlelo lwayo lwezimali.
Isilinganiso sokushintsha imali
Imali esemthethweni yaseNyakatho Korea iNorth Korean won (KPW). Izinga lokushintshanisa le-North Korean ewinwe ezimalini ezinkulu zomhlaba alizinzile futhi lingahluka kakhulu ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene njengezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni, unswinyo lwamazwe ngamazwe, nokutholakala kwemali yangaphandle okulinganiselwe. Noma kunjalo, njengesilinganiso esisuselwe kudatha yomlando (kuncike ekushintsheni), i-1 USD icishe ilingane ne-9,000 KPW. Nokho, sicela uqaphele ukuthi lawa manani ayalinganiselwa futhi angase ahluke kakhulu eqinisweni.
Amaholide Abalulekile
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni nge-Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), igubha amaholide ambalwa abalulekile unyaka wonke. Lawa maholide anokubaluleka okubalulekile kwezamasiko nezombusazwe esizweni. Elinye lamaholide abaluleke kakhulu eNyakatho Korea uSuku Lwelanga, olugujwa ngo-Ephreli 15 unyaka ngamunye. Lolu suku lukhumbula usuku lokuzalwa komsunguli waseNyakatho Korea, uKim Il-sung. Njengoba bethathwa njengeqhawe lesizwe kanye noMongameli wabo Waphakade, uKim Il-sung wabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekulolongeni umphakathi waseNyakatho Korea. Ngalolu suku, imicimbi eyahlukene yenzeka ezweni lonke ehlanganisa ama-grade parade, imibukiso yeziqhumane, imibukiso yobuciko ebonisa impumelelo yakhe kanye nezinto azifezile. Elinye iholide elibalulekile wuSuku Lwabasebenzi Lomhlaba Wonke ngoMeyi 1. Igujwa emhlabeni wonke ukuhlonipha amalungelo abasebenzi kanye neminikelo emhlabeni wonke, iNorth Korea ihlela imibuthano emikhulu yabasebenzi lapho izakhamuzi zimasha khona kanye nezibhengezo ezithuthukisa izindinganiso zezenhlalakahle kanye nokuhlonipha amagugu azo esigaba sabasebenzi. Usuku Lokusungulwa noma Usuku Lwenkululeko ngo-Agasti 15 luphawula isenzakalo esibalulekile emlandweni waseKorea - ukuzimela kwayo ngaphansi kombuso wamakoloni waseJapane ngo-1945 ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II. Lolu suku lugujwa ngemikhosi yokushisekela izwe ehlanganisa imikhosi yokuphakamisa ifulegi, imidlalo yamasiko ebonisa umculo wesintu kanye namafomu omdanso. Umkhosi Wesisekelo oba minyaka yonke ngoSepthemba 9th ukhumbula ukusungulwa kweNyakatho Korea njengezwe elizimele elibizwa ngokuthi uJoseon ngaphansi kobuholi bukaKim Il-sung ngemva kokuphela kokubusa kwamakholoni aseJapane ngo-1948. Ngalolu suku, imibuthano yemikhosi ihlelwa enezinkulumo zabaholi bezombusazwe abatusa impumelelo yabo kuyilapho begcizelela. ukuzigqaja ngobuzwe nobunye. Ukwengeza, kukhona amaholide enkolo afana noNyaka Omusha Wenyanga (Seollal) olandela ikhalenda lenyanga eyenzeka phakathi kukaJanuwari kuya kuFebruwari unyaka ngamunye egubha inyunyana yomndeni ngedili elinemidlalo yendabuko edlalwa phakathi kwezihlobo kuwo wonke amakhaya ezweni lonke. Le mikhosi ephawulekayo ibonisa indlela amafestivali adlala ngayo indima ebalulekile hhayi kuphela kwezamasiko kodwa nakwezombangazwe ekulolongeni ubunjalo bezwe kanye nokuqinisa ubumbano emphakathini waseNyakatho Korea kuyilapho igqamisa impumelelo yayo yomlando nezisekelo zemibono.
Isimo Sohwebo Lwangaphandle
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iDemocratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyizwe eliqhelelene kakhulu elibhekane nezinselelo eziningi zomnotho kanye nemikhawulo yezohwebo ebekwe umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe. Ngenxa yalezi zici, isimo sezohwebo saseNyakatho Korea silinganiselwe. Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ezithonya ukuhweba kweNyakatho Korea ukuthembela kakhulu eChina. I-China isebenza njengozakwethu omkhulu wezohwebo weNyakatho Korea, ehlanganisa cishe u-90% wesamba sayo sohwebo esiphelele. Iningi lalokhu kuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yizinto ezingavuthiwe ezifana namaminerali, amalahle, nezindwangu. Ngokubuyisela emuva, iChina ihlinzeka iNorth Korea ngezimpahla ezibalulekile ezihlanganisa uphethiloli nokudla. Ngaphandle kweChina, iNorth Korea igcina ubudlelwano bokuhweba obulinganiselwe namanye amazwe ambalwa. I-Russia ibamba ingxenye encane yezinto ezithengwayo nezithunyelwa ngaphandle futhi ngokuyinhloko ihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yamandla efana nowoyela negesi esizweni. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nemizamo yeRussia neNyakatho Korea yokuqinisa ubudlelwano bezomnotho ngokusebenzisana ngokubambisana emikhakheni efana nengqalasizinda yezokuthutha. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-North Korean kwamanye amazwe kuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zezikhali ezifana nemicibisholo nakuba lezi zingaphansi kwenswinyo eqinile yamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yohlelo lwazo lwezikhali zenuzi. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kukhawulela kakhulu amandla abo okuzibandakanya ekuhwebeni okusemthethweni komhlaba jikelele. I-United Nations Security Council ifake unswinyo oluningi eNorth Korea ngenxa yezifiso zayo zezikhali zenuzi emizamweni yokunqanda ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwayo lwezikhali. Lezi zijeziso ziqondise ngqo izimboni ezifana nezimayini, ezokukhiqiza amathuluzi ezempi, ukungeniswa kwezimpahla zikanokusho phakathi kwezinye. Sekukonke, ngenxa yokufinyelela okulinganiselwe okuhambisana nezinselelo ezinkulu zezomnotho ezweni ngokwalo - okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda elinganiselwe - ukuhweba kwamazwe ngamazwe kweNyakatho Korea kuhlala kukuncane uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Amathuba Okuthuthukisa Imakethe
Umnotho waseNyakatho Korea waziwa ngokuhlukaniswa nokuzibandakanya kwawo okulinganiselwe ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe. Nokho, akhona amathuba okuba izwe lingene ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe futhi lithuthukise umkhakha walo wohwebo lwangaphandle. Okokuqala, iNorth Korea inemithombo yemvelo engathunyelwa ngaphandle ukuze yenze imali. Izwe linezinqolobane ezinkulu zamaminerali njengamalahle, insimbi, i-zinc, ne-tungsten. Lezi zinsiza zingakhanga kubathengi bangaphandle abafuna imithombo ethembekile yezinto zokusetshenziswa. Okwesibili, iNorth Korea inabasebenzi abashibhile uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe angomakhelwane njengeSouth Korea neChina. Le nzuzo enezindleko eziphansi ingaheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe abafuna izisekelo zokukhiqiza ezingabizi kakhulu noma izindawo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo enamasu e-North Korea iyinikeza ukufinyelela okunenzuzo ezimakethe zesifunda ezifana ne-China, Russia, Japan, kanye ne-South Korea. Ngokusebenzisa ukusondelana kwayo nalaba ababambiqhaza abakhulu bezomnotho esifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific, i-North Korea ingazuza ebudlelwaneni bohwebo obuthuthukisiwe obungakhuphula amandla ayo okuthekelisa. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezinye izimboni zezibani seziqalile ukuvela ezindaweni ezikhethekile zezomnotho ezisungulwe uhulumeni. Lezi zindawo zinikeza izinqubomgomo ezikhethwayo kanye nezibonelelo ezihloselwe ukuheha abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe. Njengoba lezi zinhlelo ziqhubeka nokukhula nezimo zebhizinisi ezivumayo ezibekwe uhulumeni waseNyakatho Korea; ingaheha izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezifuna izisekelo ezintsha zokukhiqiza noma ezilangazelele ukungena ezimakethe ezingasetshenzisiwe eNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ubuholi baseNyakatho Korea bubhekane nokungaqiniseki kwezombusazwe okuzungeze izwe, okufana nokwanda kwezikhali zenuzi, unswinyo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nokungezwani phakathi kwamazwe angomakhelwane. ezimakethe zomhlaba. Sengiphetha, iNorth Korea inamandla okuthuthukisa imakethe yayo yohwebo lwangaphandle. Kunamathuba akhona emikhakheni efana nezimayini, ukukhiqiza okudinga abasebenzi abaningi, kanye nokusebenzisa amasu wendawo. Izinhlaka zizofaka isandla kakhulu ekuvuleni leli thuba kanye nokugqugquzela ukuzibandakanya okukhulu nabalingani bohwebo bamazwe ngamazwe.
Imikhiqizo edayiswayo eshisayo emakethe
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iNorth Korea ibilokhu yenza imizamo yokukhuthaza uhwebo lwayo lwangaphandle nokwandisa ubukhona bayo bemakethe. Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni imikhiqizo edayiswa kakhulu emakethe yokuthekelisa, izici ezimbalwa zidinga ukucatshangelwa. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhomba imikhiqizo enesidingo esinamandla emakethe yomhlaba. Ukwenza ucwaningo lwemakethe nokuhlaziya amathrendi kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo edumile njengamanje futhi enethuba eliphezulu lokuthengisa. Isibonelo, izinto zikagesi ezifana nama-smartphone noma izinto zikagesi zasendlini njengeziqandisi zingaba izinketho ezinhle njengoba lezi kuyizinto ezisetshenziswa abantu emhlabeni wonke nsuku zonke. Okwesibili, ukuhlola inzuzo yokuncintisana yemikhiqizo yaseNyakatho Korea kubalulekile. Inqubo yokukhetha kufanele igxile ezimpahleni ezinikeza izici ezihlukile noma izimfanelo uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo efanayo evela kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukugqamisa ubuciko bendabuko noma ukusebenzisa izinto ezitholakala endaweni. Ngokubonisa lezi zici ezihlukile, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho Korea kungagqama endaweni yemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Ukwengeza, ukucabangela ukuba nokwenzeka kwezomnotho kokukhiqiza nokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezithile kwamanye amazwe kubalulekile. Ukuhlaziya amakhono okukhiqiza, izindleko, kanye nezinsiza kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umkhiqizo othile uyasebenza yini ukuthekelisa ngezinga elikhulu. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlola izici ezifana nezindleko zabasebenzi, ukutholakala kwengqalasizinda, namandla ezobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda izimakethe ezingase ziqondiswe kubalulekile uma kukhethwa izinto ezidayiswa kakhulu zohwebo lwangaphandle. Izifunda ezihlukene zingaba nezintandokazi noma izimfuneko ezihlukene zemikhiqizo ethile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda izidingo zabathengi futhi uzivumelanise ngokufanele ngokuhlanganisa imininingwane yomkhiqizo uma kunesidingo. Okokugcina, ukusungula ubudlelwano obuqinile nabasabalalisi abathembekile noma ama-ejenti anolwazi ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe kungasiza kakhulu ekukhethweni okuphumelelayo kwezinto ezithandwayo ezimakethe zangaphandle. Sengiphetha, ukukhetha kweNyakatho Korea izinto ezidayiswa kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe kufanele kuhilele ukwenza ucwaningo lwemakethe olubanzi, ukuhlola izinzuzo ezincintisanayo, ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini umnotho, ukuqonda izimakethe okuhlosiwe, nokusebenzisana nabasabalalisi abanekhono.
Izici zekhasimende kanye ne-taboo
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iDemocratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyizwe elinezici zamakhasimende ezihlukile kanye nezithiyo eziningana zamasiko. Ukuqonda lezi zici kubalulekile kunoma ubani onentshisekelo yokuxhumana namakhasimende aseNyakatho Korea. Izici zamakhasimende eNyakatho Korea zithonywa kakhulu uhlelo lwesocialist kanye nomnotho olawulwa uhulumeni. Uhulumeni unendima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izinketho zabathengi kanye nalokho okuthandwayo. Kusho ukuthi amakhasimende ngokuvamile anezinketho ezilinganiselwe ezitholakalayo kuwo uma kuziwa ezimpahleni namasevisi. Iningi lemikhiqizo esetshenziswa eNyakatho Korea ikhiqizwa ekhaya noma ingeniswe ngamashaneli ezwe. Ngenxa yesimo sokuzihlukanisa sezwe, amabhizinisi omhlaba abhekana nezinselelo ekuqondiseni le makethe ngokuqondile. Kunalokho, ngokuvamile badinga ukuzulazula kuma-ejensi kahulumeni noma abambisane nezinkampani zasendaweni ezisungule ubudlelwano neziphathimandla. Lapho uzibandakanya namakhasimende aseNyakatho Korea noma ozakwethu bebhizinisi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izithiyo ezithile zamasiko: 1. Ukugxeka noma ukungahloniphi ubuholi: ENyakatho Korea, ukukhombisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lokungahloniphi abaholi bayo, ikakhulukazi uKim Jong-un nabangaphambi kwakhe, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokuphawula okuyindelelo noma amahlaya ngabo. 2. Ukuzibandakanya ezingxoxweni zezepolitiki: Ukuxoxa ngezihloko zezepolitiki ezibucayi ezihlobene nezinqubomgomo zombuso kufanele kugwenywe ngoba ukungezwani kungaholela ezingxabanweni ezingase zibe khona noma kubeke engozini ukuphepha komuntu siqu. 3. Izithombe: Ukuthatha izithombe ngaphandle kwemvume evela kuziphathimandla kungaholela emiphumeleni engathi sína njengoba imingcele yokuthwebula igcwele ezweni lonke. 4. Inkolo nezimpawu zenkolo: Ukuguqula noma iyiphi inkolo ngaphandle kombono kaJuche (umbono wombuso osemthethweni) kungase kubhekwe njengomzamo wokubukela phansi ubuzwe bezwe futhi cishe kuyophikiswana ngayo. 5. Ukugqoka izingubo ezingafanele: Ukugqoka ngendlela enakekelayo kuyatuseka lapho uvakashele eNyakatho Korea.
Uhlelo lokuphathwa kweCustoms
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi yi-Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), inohlelo oluqinile lwamasiko kanye nokulawulwa kwemingcele. Izivakashi ezingena noma eziphuma ezweni kufanele zithobele le mithethonqubo. Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile mayelana nokufika kwabantu baseNyakatho Korea namasiko: 1. Izidingo Zokungena: Zonke izivakashi ezivakashela eNyakatho Korea kufanele zibe nepasipoti evumelekile okusele okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqinisekisa. Ukwengeza, i-visa ekhishwe iziphathimandla ePyongyang iyadingeka. Kuyancomeka ukuthi ufake isicelo nge-ejensi yezokuvakasha egunyaziwe noma u-opharetha wokuvakasha. 2. Izindawo Ezikhawulelwe: Izifunda ezithile ngaphakathi kwe-North Korea zingase zibe nemingcele kubantu bangaphandle ngaphandle kwemvume ekhethekile, njengokufakwa kwamasosha, izakhiwo zikahulumeni ezibucayi, kanye nezindawo eziseduze Nendawo Engalawulwa Ngamasosha (Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). 3. Izimemezelo zeCustoms: Lapho ufika eNyakatho Korea, kuyisibopho ukumemezela zonke izinto zikagesi ezihlanganisa omakhalekhukhwini, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amakhamera, nama-hard drive angaphandle ezikhulwini zentela esikhumulweni sezindiza. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungase kubangele ukushaqwa noma imiphumela yezomthetho engaba khona. 4. Izinto Ezilawulwayo: Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe izinto ezithile njengezidakamizwa (kuhlanganise nemithi equkethe i-pseudoephedrine), izinto ezingcolile, imibhalo yezenkolo/izinto ezingagunyazwanga iziphathimandla zikahulumeni, izikhali/izibhamu (ngaphandle kwemishini yezemidlalo), kanye nezincwadi ezizwelayo kwezombangazwe kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele. 5. Imithetho Yemali: Imali yangaphandle eyeqa u-$10,000 USD nanoma yiliphi inani elilinganayo kufanele limenyezelwe lapho kungena eNyakatho Korea. 6. Imikhawulo Yezithombe: Ukuthatha izithombe ngaphandle kwemvume evela kwabaphathi kungaholela ezinkingeni nezikhulu zendawo; kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu ukufuna isiqondiso kumhlahlandlela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha izithombe. 7.Ukusetshenziswa Kobuchwepheshe: Ukufinyelela i-inthanethi kwezivakashi kukhawulelwe eNyakatho Korea namawebhusayithi amaningi avinjiwe; kunemikhawulo ekusebenziseni amadivayisi anikwe amandla i-GPS futhi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwephula noma yimiphi imithetho esungulwe amasiko aseNyakatho Korea kungaholela emiphumeleni enzima ehlanganisa ukuboshwa noma ukuxoshwa ezweni. Hlala uthintana nezinhlaka zikahulumeni ezifanele noma ama-ejenti ezokuhamba anolwazi ngaphambi kokuvakasha kwakho ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva mayelana nemithetho yokungenisa nokuthekelisa.
Izinqubomgomo zentela zokungenisa
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi yi-Democratic People's Republic of Korea, inenqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa ehlukile ehlose ukuvikela izimboni zasekhaya kanye nokukhuthaza ukuzethemba. Izwe libeka izintela ezihlukahlukene ezimpahleni ezivela kwamanye amazwe ukuze zilawule ukuthutheleka kwazo futhi zisekele abakhiqizi bakuleli. Isici esisodwa esibalulekile senqubomgomo yentela yokungenisa yaseNyakatho Korea ukuphoqelelwa kwentela yezimpahla. Abathekelisi kudingeka ukuthi bakhokhe iphesenti elithile yenani eliphelele lempahla engenisiwe njengentela yentela lapho kungena ezweni. Lezi zilinganiso ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo ongeniswayo futhi zingasukela kumaphesenti aphansi kakhulu kuye phezulu. Ukwengeza, i-North Korea iphinda isebenzise intela ye-value-added (VAT) ezimpahleni ezingenisiwe ngamanani ahlukene. I-VAT ikhokhiswa kukho kokubili izindleko, umshwalense, nevelu yempahla (CIF) yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kanye nanoma yimiphi imisebenzi yangokwezifiso esebenzayo. Amanani e-VAT eNyakatho Korea angahluka ukusuka ku-13% ukuya ku-30% ngokusekelwe esigabeni semikhiqizo. I-North Korea ingase futhi iphoqelele izintela ezengeziwe njengentela yempahla noma izintela zokusetshenziswa okukhethekile ezintweni ezithile njengezimpahla zikanokusho noma izinto ezithile ezithathwa njengeziyingozi noma ezingabalulekile uhulumeni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yemingcele eqinile yokuhweba kanye nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe olwazini olumayelana nezinqubomgomo zaseNyakatho Korea, ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana namaphesenti athile noma izinto ezingaphansi kokukhokhiswa intela kungenzeka zingatholakali kalula emithonjeni yomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi unswinyo lwamazwe ngamazwe olubekwe eNyakatho Korea ngamazwe afana nezinqumo zoMkhandlu Wezokuphepha weNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene zikhawulela ukungenisa okuningana ezweni, ikakhulukazi okuhlobene nempahla yezempi kanye nezinsiza zamasu. Sekukonke, izinqubomgomo zentela yokungenisa yaseNyakatho Korea zidizayinelwe ngenhloso yokuqinisa izimboni zasendaweni kuyilapho kungakhuthazi ukuthembela emikhiqizweni yangaphandle ngenhlanganisela yemisebenzi yentela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-VAT kanye nezintela ezengeziwe zezikhathi ezithile ezibekwa ngokukhetha.
Thumela izinqubomgomo zentela
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengeDemocratic People's Republic of Korea, inenqubomgomo yentela yokuthumela ngaphandle ehlukile ekhona. Izwe lithembele kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe ukuze lingenise imali futhi lisimamise umnotho walo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yolwazi olulinganiselwe olutholakalayo mayelana nezinqubomgomo nemithetho yentela yokuthekelisa ebanzi ye-North Korea, kuyinselele ukunikeza ukuhlaziya okujulile. Ngokuvamile, intela yokuthekelisa yaseNyakatho Korea ihloselwe ukukhulisa izimboni zasekhaya ngenkathi ingakhuthazi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuthile. Uhulumeni uhlose ukulondoloza nokukhuthaza izimboni ezibalulekile ezibalulekile ukuze zikwazi ukuzimela nokuvikeleka kwezwe. Ngenxa yalokho, impahla efana namalahle, amaminerali, izindwangu, imikhiqizo yasolwandle, kanye nezimpahla zobuchwepheshe obuphambili zifaka isandla kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwezwe kwamanye amazwe. Ngokwemibiko evela emithonjeni eyahlukene okuhlanganisa ne-UN Panel of Experts on North Korea amaqembu aqapha unswinyo kanye neziphathimandla zaseNingizimu Korea; ayikho imininingwane eqondile etholakalayo mayelana nezibalo zezimali noma amanani entela asekelwe kumaphesenti abekwe kulezi zimpahla. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iNorth Korea ibe ngaphansi kwezinswinyo eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yohlelo lwayo lwezikhali zenuzi oluyimpikiswano. Lezi zinswinyo ziyibeke engcupheni imisebenzi yokuhwebelana namanye amazwe emzamweni wokuvimbela ukuqhubekela phambili kwamakhono awo enuzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kubhekwa isimo esiyimfihlo sezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni waseNyakatho Korea kanye nemigudu elinganiselwe yokuxhumana nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe noma umnotho womhlaba; ukuthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezinqubomgomo zabo zentela yokuthumela ngaphandle kungaba inselele. Idatha engaphelele ivimbela ukuqonda okuphelele kwalolu daba. Ekuphetheni; kuyilapho iNorth Korea ngokungangabazeki ibeka izintela ezimpahleni zayo ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe njengezindwangu zamalahle zamaminerali imikhiqizo yasolwandle nezimpahla zobuchwepheshe; imininingwane emayelana nezilinganiso zentela noma izibalo zezimali zihlala ziyindlala ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezijeziso zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokungafihli lutho okukhawulelwe ezweni ngokwalo.
Kudingeka izitifiketi zokuthekelisa
INorth Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngeDemocratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyizwe eliseMpumalanga ye-Asia. Izwe eliyimfihlo kakhulu futhi elizimele, elinolwazi olulinganiselwe olutholakalayo mayelana nezinqubo zaso zesitifiketi sokuthekelisa. Uma kubhekwa isimo esiyimfihlo saseNyakatho Korea, ulwazi olunembayo mayelana nesitifiketi sayo sokuthekelisa kungenzeka lungafinyeleleki kalula. Kodwa-ke, kungacatshangwa ukuthi njenganoma yiliphi elinye izwe, iNorth Korea izoba nemithethonqubo nezinqubo ezithile zokuthekelisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokuhambisana kwezimpahla zayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Izitifiketi ezidingekayo ezijwayelekile zokuthekelisa zihlanganisa izitifiketi zemvelaphi ukunikeza ubufakazi balapho imikhiqizo yakhiqizwa noma yakhiqizwa khona. Ukwengeza, izitifiketi zezempilo zingadingeka emikhiqizweni yokudla noma ezimpahleni zezolimo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwazo ukuthi zisetshenziswe. Ngokuya ngezimboni ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe okuvela eNyakatho Korea, kungase kube nezitifiketi ezengeziwe ezidingekayo. Isibonelo, uma bethumela ngaphandle imishini noma amathuluzi kagesi, bangase badinge isitifiketi somkhiqizo esibonisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe. Abathekelisi abavela eNyakatho Korea bazodinga futhi ukuthobela imithetho yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe ebekwe izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene njenge-World Trade Organization (WTO) noma izinhlangano ezithile zohwebo zesifunda ezifana ne-ASEAN noma i-APEC. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokungezwani kwezombusazwe kanye nezijeziso zezomnotho ezabekwa eNyakatho Korea ngamazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngohlelo lwayo lwenuzi kanye nokwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu; ukuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe neNyakatho Korea kuvinjelwe kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufinyelela olwazini oluningiliziwe mayelana nezinqubo zamanje zesitifiketi sokuthumela ngaphandle kungase kube nomkhawulo. Sengiphetha, nakuba kungase kucatshangwe ukuthi iNorth Korea inohlobo oluthile lwezidingo zesitifiketi sokuthumela ngaphandle ezifana namanye amazwe; ngenxa yolwazi olulinganiselwe olutholakala ngaphandle kanye nemikhawulo yezombangazwe emisebenzini yohwebo ehilela iNyakatho Korea; kuyinselele ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane egcwele mayelana nezinqubo zabo zokunikeza izitifiketi zokuthumela ngaphandle okwamanje.
Ukuhanjiswa okunconyiwe
INorth Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngeDemocratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyizwe eliseMpumalanga ye-Asia. Ngenxa yomnotho wayo ovaliwe futhi olawulwa kakhulu, ukuhlelwa kwe-North Korea kungaba inselele. Nokho, nazi ezinye izinketho ezinconyiwe zezokuthutha zezwe: 1. Ukuthutha Ngezindiza: Izixazululo zezimpahla zomoya zitholakala nge-Air Koryo Cargo, inkampani yezwe yaseNyakatho Korea. Bahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuthutha kuzo zombili izimpahla ezitholakala ngaphakathi nangaphandle. 2. Ezokuthutha Ngololiwe: Inethiwekhi yezitimela eNyakatho Korea ithuthuke kahle futhi isebenza njengendlela ebalulekile yezokuthutha ngaphakathi kwezwe. I-Pyongyang Railway Bureau ilawula ukusebenza kwezitimela, ihlinzeka ngoxhumano emadolobheni amakhulu njengePyongyang neHamhung. 3. Impahla Ethuthwayo Yasolwandle: Ichweba laseNampo iyichweba elikhulu lokuthutha impahla ngaphakathi noma ukuphuma eNyakatho Korea. Ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuthumela iziqukathi zamazwe ngamazwe futhi iphathe izimpahla eziyinqwaba njengamalahle namaminerali. 4. Ezokuthutha Emgwaqeni: Ingqalasizinda yomgwaqo eNyakatho Korea iyahlukahluka ezifundeni ezahlukene kodwa iyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izinkampani zamaloli zendawo zihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zamaloli ukuze zilethwe ekhaya ngaphakathi kwezwe. 5. Izinsiza Zokugcinwa Kwempahla: Emadolobheni amakhulu njengePyongyang, kunezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezingaphansi kukahulumeni ezitholakalayo ukuze zigcinwe. Lezi zikhungo zivame ukuphatha nokusatshalaliswa kwezimpahla. 6. Imithetho Yezokuthutha: Kubalulekile ukuthobela imithetho yempahla yaseNyakatho Korea ngenkathi ungenisa noma uthumela izimpahla ngaphakathi/usuka ezweni ngenxa yokulawula okuqinile kukahulumeni emisebenzini yohwebo. 7.Umhlinzeki Wesevisi Yezokuthutha: Njengoba imisebenzi yezokuthutha ingaba nzima ngenxa yemithetho kahulumeni kanye nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe olwazini olumayelana nabahlinzeki bendawo, ukusebenzelana nomhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuthutha ohlonishwayo ojwayelene nokwenza ibhizinisi eNyakatho Korea kunconywa kakhulu. Qaphela: Kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi ngezimo zamanje zezwe ngenkathi ucubungula noma yimiphi imisebenzi ehlobene nebhizinisi ehilela noma exhumene ne-North Korea njengoba unswinyo lungase lube nomthelela esimweni sobudlelwano bohwebo. Sengiphetha, naphezu kwezinselelo ezilethwa uhlelo lwayo lomnotho oluvaliwe, izinketho ezahlukene ziyatholakala(impahla yendiza, ezokuthutha ngesitimela, ezokuthutha ngechweba, ezokuthutha zomgwaqo) zokuthutha izimpahla zingena ziphuma eNyakatho Korea. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unolwazi mayelana nemithetho yentela futhi ucabange ukusebenzisana nomhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuthutha onokwethenjelwa ukuze kube nokusebenza kahle kwempahla ezweni.
Iziteshi zokuthuthukisa umthengi

Imibukiso yokuhweba ebalulekile

I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyizwe elinobudlelwano obulinganiselwe bohwebo bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuxhumana kwezomnotho ngenxa yomnotho walo ongawodwa futhi olawulwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kukhona abathengi ababalulekile bamazwe ngamazwe, iziteshi zokuthuthukisa, nemibukiso edlala indima emkhakheni wezohwebo waseNyakatho Korea. 1. I-China: I-China ingomunye wabalingani ababaluleke kakhulu bokuhweba eNyakatho Korea. Isebenza njengesiteshi esibalulekile kukho kokubili ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili. Izinkampani zaseShayina zibandakanya izimboni ezahlukene eNyakatho Korea, okuhlanganisa izimayini, ezokukhiqiza, ezolimo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda. 2. I-Russia: I-Russia futhi inobudlelwane bezomnotho neNyakatho Korea, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinsiza zamandla njengemikhiqizo kawoyela noma igesi yemvelo. Ukwengeza, izinkampani zaseRussia bezibambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda ngaphakathi kwezwe. 3. INingizimu Korea: Ngaphandle kokungezwani kwezepolitiki phakathi kwala mazwe womabili, amafemu aseNingizimu Korea selokhu ahwebelana neNorth Korea. Okunye okuphawulekayo okuhlanganyelwe kanye nezakhiwo zezimboni zasungulwa ngokuhlanganyela yizinkampani zaseNingizimu Korea kanye nozakwabo baseNyakatho Korea. 4. Uhlelo Lokuthuthukiswa KweNhlangano Yezizwe (UNDP): I-UNDP ibambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni eziningi zentuthuko eNyakatho Korea okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa imikhakha efana nezolimo, izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo, izinhlelo zemfundo noma izinqubo zokulawulwa kwezinhlekelele. 5. Imibukiso yamazwe ngamazwe: Uma kubhekwa imingcele yayo ekusebenzelaneni kwezohwebo uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele ngenxa yenswinyo ebekwe yona amazwe ahlukahlukene ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokusabalala kwezikhali zenuzi noma ukwephulwa kwezindaba zamalungelo abantu; amathuba emibukiso yamazwe ngamazwe alinganiselwe ngaphakathi kweNorth Korea ngokwayo. Nokho kube nemicimbi yezikhathi ezithile efana ne-Pyongyang Spring International Trade Fair evumela amabhizinisi angaphandle ukuthi abonise imikhiqizo yawo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yenswinyo eyinhloko ebekwe iNorth Korea ngamazwe amaningana okuhlanganisa i-United States kanye namazwe angamalungu e-European Union ivimbela izinkampani eziningi zaseNtshonalanga ukuthi zihlanganyele ngokuqondile ekuhwebeni nazo. Ngakho-ke lezi ziteshi zokuthenga eziqondile zingase zingenzeki kubo bonke abangaba abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abanentshisekelo yokwenza ibhizinisi nalesi sizwe. Noma kunjalo kusalokhu kuthakazelisa uma kungeyona inselele kumabhizinisi endawo noma esifunda sase-Asia ukuhlola amathuba angenzeka neNyakatho Korea. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ulwazi olunikeziwe luwukubuka konke okujwayelekile futhi imininingwane ethile ingahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba isimo se-geopolitical sishintsha.
I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni nge-Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), isebenza ngohlelo lwe-inthanethi olukhawulelwe kakhulu futhi oluhloliwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufinyelela ezinjinini zokusesha ezidumile emhlabeni jikelele njenge-Google noma i-Bing kunqunyelwe noma akutholakali nhlobo ezweni. Kodwa-ke, iNorth Korea isungule eyayo uhlelo lwe-intranet oluvumela izakhamizi ukuthi zifinyelele kumawebhusayithi endawo kanye nezinsiza. Injini yokusesha eyinhloko esetshenziswa eNyakatho Korea ibizwa nge-"Naenara," okusho ukuthi "izwe lami" ngesi-Korean. I-Naenara ingosi yewebhu yomdabu ehlinzekwa uhulumeni ukuze uthole ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okulinganiselwe ezweni. Isebenza njengenjini yokusesha kanye nenkundla yolwazi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa izindaba, imfundo, ezokuvakasha, amasiko kanye nezimboni. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni kaNaenara ithi http://www.naenara.com.kp/. Enye injini yokusesha esetshenziswa endaweni etholakala eNyakatho Korea ithi "Kwangmyong," okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "bright." I-Kwangmyong ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ze-intranethi zikazwelonke ezifinyeleleka ngamakhompyutha edeskithophu emitatsheni yolwazi noma ezikhungweni zemfundo ezweni lonke. Ukwengeza, abantu baseNyakatho Korea bangasebenzisa amawebhusayithi alawulwa uhulumeni njenge-KCTV (Korean Central Television) kanye ne-KCNA (Korean Central News Agency) ukuze baqoqe ulwazi olumayelana nezindaba nezindaba zamanje ezweni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zinjini zokusesha ngokuyinhloko zihlinzeka ngokuqukethwe okukhethwe uhulumeni waseNyakatho Korea; ngakho-ke, angeke banikeze ulwazi olubanzi lwamazwe ngamazwe noma imibono ehlukahlukene uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini zokusesha zomhlaba ezisetshenziswa kabanzi kwenye indawo. Sekukonke, kuyilapho abantu baseNyakatho Korea benezinketho ezilinganiselwe uma kuziwa ekufinyeleleni ulwazi ku-inthanethi ngenxa yemikhawulo kahulumeni nezinqubomgomo zokucwaninga, bathembele kakhulu ezinkundleni zasekhaya ezifana noNaenara noKwangmyong ngezidingo zabo zokuphequlula.

Amakhasi amakhulu aphuzi

I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengeDemocratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyizwe eliyimfihlo kakhulu futhi elihlukanisiwe. Ngenxa yemvelo yayo evaliwe, ukufinyelela olwazini mayelana neNyakatho Korea nezisetshenziswa zayo kunqunyelwe. Kodwa-ke, ngingakunikeza ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nemibhalo evelele namawebhusayithi eNyakatho Korea: 1. I-Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) - Isikhungo sezindaba esisemthethweni saseNyakatho Korea sihlinzeka ngolwazi lwezepolitiki, umnotho, amasiko, umphakathi, nobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe. Iwebhusayithi http://www.kcna.kp/ 2. Rodong Sinmun - Iphephandaba leQembu Labasebenzi elibusayo libhala izindaba ngokuyinhloko ngokombono wezepolitiki. Iwebhusayithi http://rodong.rep.kp/en/ 3. I-Naenara - Isizindalwazi sikahulumeni esisemthethweni esiqukethe imininingwane ehlukahlukene ngezokuvakasha, amasiko, amathuba ebhizinisi, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali eNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi: https://korea-dpr.com/ 4. I-Ryugyong Commercial Bank - Le webhusayithi yebhange ibonisa izinsiza zamabhange ezitholakala ezweni. Iwebhusayithi: https://ryugyongbank.com/ 5. I-Air Koryo - Inkampani yezindiza kazwelonke yase-North Korea inikeza amashejuli endiza kanye nezindawo zokubhukha zezindawo zasekhaya nezilinganiselwe zamazwe ngamazwe. Iwebhusayithi http://www.airkoryo.com.kp/en/ 6. I-Mansudae Art Studio – Esinye sezitudiyo zobuciko ezinkulu kunazo zonke eNyakatho Korea egxile ekukhiqizeni izithombe, imidwebo, izikhumbuzo ezigqamisa umlando namasiko e-DPRK. Iwebhusayithi: Okwamanje ayitholakali ngaphandle kwezwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lawa mawebhusayithi angaphansi koshintsho noma angase angafinyeleleki ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho Korea ngenxa yokufinyelela ku-inthanethi okukhawulelwe ezweni. Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi ngenxa yolwazi olulinganiselwe olutholakala esidlangalaleni mayelana nezinsizakalo namabhizinisi aseNyakatho Korea, lolu hlu olungenhla kungenzeka lungapheleli noma lube sesikhathini samanje ngale kwalokho okuvezwe imithombo yabo yezindaba esemthethweni

Izinkundla ezinkulu zezentengiselwano

Kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ezinkulu ze-e-commerce eNyakatho Korea. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokufinyelela ku-inthanethi okulinganiselwe nemisebenzi ekhawulelwe ku-inthanethi, ukuhlukahluka nokutholakala kwalezi zinkundla kulinganiselwe uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe. Nawa amawebhusayithi ambalwa adumile e-e-commerce eNyakatho Korea kanye nama-URL ewebhusayithi yawo: 1. I-Manmulsang (만물상): Iwebhusayithi http://www.manmulsang.com/ IManmulsang ingesinye sezinkundla ezinkulu ze-e-commerce eNyakatho Korea enikeza inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo efana nezingubo, izinto zikagesi, izinto zasendlini, nezinto zokudla. 2. I-Naenara (내나라): Iwebhusayithi http://naenara.com.kp/ I-Naenara yisizindalwazi esisemthethweni esiphethwe uhulumeni esisebenza njengengosi eku-inthanethi yezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa nokuthenga. Ihlinzeka ngokufinyelela ezitolo ezimbalwa ezisetshenziswa uhulumeni ezithengisa izincwadi, imidwebo, izinto zemfashini zaseKorea ezifana neHanbok, izitembu, nokunye. 3. Arirang Mart (아리랑마트): Iwebhusayithi: https://arirang-store.com/ I-Arirang Mart iyinkundla eku-inthanethi lapho ongathenga khona izimpahla zesiko laseKorea ezifundeni ezihlukene ngaphakathi kweNyakatho Korea njengemikhiqizo yezolimo (okuhlanganisa i-ginseng), ukudla okukhethekile, imisebenzi yezandla eyenziwe izingcweti zendawo. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ngenxa yenswinyo ebekwe i-North Korea umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemikhawulo ebekwe emisebenzini yayo yezomnotho, ukufinyelela lawa mawebhusayithi kungase kungatholakali ngaphandle kwezwe noma kudinge izimvume ezikhethekile ngaphakathi kwezwe ngokwalo. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ulwazi mayelana ne-e-commerce eNyakatho Korea lukhawulelwe futhi lungashintsha uma kubhekwa isimo esivaliwe somnotho wayo kanye nokufinyelela ku-inthanethi okukhawulelwe.

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu

I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), iyizwe elivaliwe elinomkhawulo wokufinyelela ku-inthanethi nokulawula okuqinile kukahulumeni eziteshini zemidiya nezokuxhumana. Ngenxa yalokho, zimbalwa kakhulu izinkundla zokuxhumana ezitholakala kwizakhamizi zaseNyakatho Korea. Nazi ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana ezisetshenziswa eNorth Korea: 1. I-Intranet: Kwangmyong - Lena inethiwekhi yangaphakathi efinyeleleka ngaphakathi kwe-North Korea ehlinzeka ngolwazi olulinganiselwe mayelana nezindaba, imfundo, nezibuyekezo zikahulumeni. Ayitholakali ngaphandle kwezwe. Iwebhusayithi: N/A (Itholakala kuphela eNyakatho Korea) 2. Isevisi ye-imeyili: I-Naenara - Isevisi ye-imeyili ephethwe uhulumeni ehlinzekwa uhulumeni ngezinjongo zokuxhumana ezisemthethweni. Iwebhusayithi http://www.naenara.com.kp/ 3. Ingosi Yezindaba: I-Uriminzokkiri - Iwebhusayithi ephethwe iziphathimandla zaseNyakatho Korea eyabelana ngezihloko zezindaba, amavidiyo, nezinto zenkulumo-ze ezithuthukisa imibono yazo. Iwebhusayithi http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/index.php 4. Inkundla yokwabelana ngamavidiyo - Isiteshi se-YouTube se-Arirang-Meari TV sihlanganisa amavidiyo akhethiwe avela ekusakazweni kwawo kamabonakude ahlanganisa izihloko ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa amasiko, ezokuzijabulisa, ezokuvakasha njll. Iwebhusayithi https://www.youtube.com/user/arirangmeari Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zinkundla zilawulwa kakhulu iziphathimandla zezwe futhi zisebenza ngokuyinhloko njengamathuluzi okusabalalisa inkulumo-ze kunokuba kube lula ukuxhumana okuvulekile komphakathi njengezinkundla zokuxhumana ezivamile zaseNtshonalanga ezifana ne-Facebook noma i-Twitter. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yenkululeko yokukhuluma kanye nemikhawulo ekufinyeleleni ku-inthanethi eNyakatho Korea , idale indawo elawulwa kakhulu eku-inthanethi lapho amanethiwekhi omphakathi adumile emhlabeni jikelele njenge-Facebook noma i-Twitter engatholakali noma engafinyeleleki ezakhamuzini zakhona. Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi lolu lwazi lungase lushintshe ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene ezihilelekile ekufinyeleleni okuqukethwe ku-inthanethi ngaphakathi kwalesi sifunda; ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukuthi uxhumane nezinsiza zakamuva uma udinga imininingwane enemininingwane mayelana nesimo samanje nokutholakala kwezinkundla zokuxhumana eNorth Korea.

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni

I-North Korea, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi yi-Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), inezinhlangano ezinkulu ezimbalwa ezimele imikhakha eyahlukene yomnotho wayo. Lezi zinhlangano zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni nasekulawuleni imisebenzi yezomnotho ezweni. Nazi ezinye zezinhlangano eziyinhloko zezimboni eNyakatho Korea: 1. I-Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry: I-Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry ingenye yezinhlangano zebhizinisi ezivelele kakhulu eNyakatho Korea. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukukhuthaza ezohwebo nezohwebo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Nokho, ulwazi oluthile mayelana nemisebenzi yabo kanye nemininingwane yewebhusayithi ayivamile. 2. Ibhange Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezwe: Ibhange Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezwe ligxile ekuxhaseni ngezimali amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda emikhulu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, uhwebo lwangaphandle, ukukhuthazwa kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe, imisebenzi yamabhange, njll., okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa ukukhula komnotho ngaphakathi eNyakatho Korea. 3. Inhlangano Jikelele Yesayensi Nobuchwepheshe: Le nhlangano isekela ucwaningo lwesayensi nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene eNyakatho Korea. Ikhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngokwenza kube lula ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezikhungo zocwaningo ezehlukene. 4. I-General Federation of Trade Unions: I-General Federation of Trade Unions imele abasebenzi emikhakheni eyahlukene eNyakatho Korea. Basebenzela ekuqinisekiseni izindlela zokusebenza ezinobulungiswa, ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo abasebenzi, ukuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza, njll. 5. Ikhomishini Yokuhlela Yezwe: Nakuba kungeyona inhlangano yemboni ngayinye, Ikhomishini Yokuhlela Yezwe yengamela ukuhlelwa komnotho eNyakatho Korea ngokuxhumanisa izimboni ezihlukahlukene ukuze kuzuzwe imigomo yezomnotho kazwelonke ngempumelelo. Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kolwazi oluvela emithonjeni yaseNyakatho Korea kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni noma izizinda ze-inthanethi ezibhaliswe ngaphakathi kwamanethiwekhi omhlaba akhawulelwe izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni eziphathelene nokufinyeleleka ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwezwe labo; kuyinselele ukunikeza imininingwane ethile yewebhusayithi yalezi zinhlangano ezishiwo ngenhla. Sengiphetha Qaphela ukuthi ngokufinyelela okukhawulelwe noma okungathembeki kudatha ephathelene nalezi zinhlangano ezivela emithonjeni yangaphandle kunciphisa ulwazi lwethu mayelana nokuba khona kwewebhu komuntu ngamunye; kungase kube inselele ukuthola ulwazi lwakamuva ngabo ku-inthanethi

Amawebhusayithi ebhizinisi nokuhweba

Kunamawebhusayithi amaningana ezomnotho nezohwebo ahlobene neNyakatho Korea. Nalu uhlu lwabanye babo kanye namawebhusayithi abo: 1. I-Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency (KOTRA) - i-ejensi kahulumeni enesibopho sokuphromotha ukuhweba nokutshalwa kwezimali eNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi: www.kotra.or.kr 2. Isikhungo se-DPRK Economic & Trade Information Centre - sinikeza ulwazi olunzulu ngemisebenzi yezomnotho neyohwebo eNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi: www.north-korea.economytrade.net 3. I-Pyongyang International Trade Fair - iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yombukiso waminyaka yonke wezohwebo wamazwe ngamazwe obanjelwa e-Pyongyang, ohlanganisa izimpahla nezinsizakalo ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Iwebhusayithi: pyongyanginternationaltradefair.com 4. I-Korean Central News Agency (i-KCNA) - isebenza njengesikhungo sezindaba sezwe laseNyakatho Korea, ehlanganisa izihloko eziningi ezihlanganisa umnotho kanye nezibuyekezo zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iwebhusayithi: www.kcna.kp 5. I-Naenara (Isikhungo Sokuthuthukisa Umnotho Esisekelwe Olwazini) - ingosi eku-inthanethi enikeza ulwazi mayelana nemikhakha eyahlukene njengezolimo, izimboni, ezokuvakasha, amathuba okutshala izimali, izinqubomgomo, njll. Iwebhusayithi: naenara.com.kp 6. I-Daepung International Investment Group - igxile ekuheheni abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe eNyakatho Korea ngokunikeza ulwazi ngamaphrojekthi okutshalwa kwezimali, izinqubomgomo, imithethonqubo, kanye nokwenza lula amathuba ebhizinisi. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: daepunggroup.com/en/ 7. I-Rason Special Economic Zone Board Board - iwebhusayithi enikezelwe ekuthuthukiseni i-Rason Special Economic Zone etholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNyakatho Korea ngokugxila okukhethekile ezimbonini ezifana nezokuthutha, ezokukhiqiza, ezolimo njll., Iwebhusayithi: rason.sezk.org/eng/ Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukufinyelela kulawa mawebhusayithi kungase kube ngaphansi kwemikhawulo ethile noma imikhawulo kuye ngendawo okuyo noma izinqubomgomo zesifunda zokufinyelela ku-inthanethi eziphathelene nokuqukethwe kwaseNyakatho Korea. Kutuswa ukuthi uqaphe ngenkathi uphequlula lawa mawebhusayithi njengoba ulwazi olunembile mayelana nesimo somnotho emibusweni eyimfihlo kwesinye isikhathi lungakhawulelwa noma lube ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kweziphathimandla.

Amawebhusayithi ombuzo wedatha yokuhweba

Kunamawebhusayithi amaningana lapho ungathola khona idatha yokuhweba yaseNyakatho Korea. Nazi ezinye zazo: 1. I-KOTRA (I-Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency) - Le webhusayithi inikeza ulwazi ngohwebo lwase-Korea kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, okuhlanganisa nezibalo zohwebo zaseNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi https://www.kotra.or.kr/ 2. I-UN Comtrade - Isizindalwazi se-United Nations' International Trade Statistics sinikeza ulwazi ngohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa idatha yaseNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi: https://comtrade.un.org/data/ 3. I-Observatory of Economic Complexity - Le nkundla ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole idatha yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezibalo zamazwe ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise neNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi: http://atlas.cid.harvard.edu/explore/tree_map/export/prk/all/show/2018/ 4. I-Atlas of Economic Complexity - Ngokufanayo ne-Observatory of Economic Complexity, le webhusayithi inikeza ukuboniswa okusebenzisanayo nokuhlaziywa kokuguquguquka komnotho womhlaba wonke, okuhlanganisa abalingani bokuhweba kanye nemikhiqizo yaseNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi: https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/prk// 5. I-Global Trade Atlas - Lo mthombo unikeza ukufinyelela kudatha egcwele yokungenisa/yokuthumela evela emithonjeni esemthethweni emhlabeni wonke, ehlanganisa imininingwane enemininingwane ngemisebenzi yohwebo yaseNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi http://www.gtis.com/gta.jsp 6. I-Trading Economics - Le webhusayithi inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinkomba zezomnotho kanye nobuhlakani bemakethe, okuhlanganisa nezibalo zohwebo zamazwe ahlukahlukene njengeNyakatho Korea. Iwebhusayithi: https://tradingeconomics.com/. Khumbula ukuthi ngenxa yezinhlawulo nokungafihli lutho okukhawulelwe ekubikweni kombuso e-Pyongyang, ukutholakala nokunemba kwedatha kungase kuhluke kuzo zonke lezi zindawo nezinye izinsiza ezinikelwe ekuqapheni ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke.

Amapulatifomu e-B2b

Kunezinkundla ezimbalwa ze-B2B eNyakatho Korea ezisiza ukuthengiselana kwebhizinisi nokusebenzisana. Nazi ezinye zazo kanye nezixhumanisi zabo zewebhusayithi: 1. I-Korea Foreign Trade Association (KFTA) - Le nkundla ixhumanisa amabhizinisi aseNyakatho Korea nabathengi nabahlinzeki bamazwe ngamazwe. Ihlinzeka ngemininingwane egciniwe yemikhiqizo, izinkampani, kanye nolwazi lwezohwebo. Iwebhusayithi http://www.kfta.or.kr/eng/ 2. I-Korea Chamber of Commerce & Industry (KCCI) - I-KCCI inikeza inkundla ye-B2B lapho izinkampani zaseNyakatho Korea zingabonisa khona imikhiqizo yazo namasevisi kwabangaba ozakwethu emhlabeni wonke. Iwebhusayithi http://www.korcham.net/ 3. I-Eximbank-Import Bank yase-Korea (i-Eximbank) - I-Eximbank isiza ekusizeni ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwezohwebo kwabathumeli bangaphandle baseNyakatho Korea ngokusebenzisa inkundla yayo ye-inthanethi. Iphinde futhi inikeze ulwazi ngezimakethe ezihlukahlukene ezithunyelwa ngaphandle namathuba ohwebo. Iwebhusayithi http://english.eximbank.co.kr/ 4. I-AIC Corporation - I-AIC Corporation yibhizinisi likahulumeni eliphethe ukukhuthaza ukuhwebelana phakathi kwezinkampani zaseNyakatho Korea nabalingane bamazwe ngamazwe. Inkundla yabo ihlanganisa ukufakwa kuhlu kwemikhiqizo evela ezimbonini ezahlukene. Iwebhusayithi: N/A 5. I-European-Korea Business Promotion Agency (EK-BPA) - I-EK-BPA igxile ekukhuthazeni ubudlelwano phakathi kwamazwe ase-Europe namabhizinisi aseNyakatho Korea ngokusebenzisa ingosi yayo ye-inthanethi ye-B2B. Iwebhusayithi: https://ekbpa.com/home 6. I-Pyongyang Spring International Trade Company (PSITC) - I-PSITC isebenzisa indawo yemakethe eku-inthanethi ebonisa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene eyenziwe abakhiqizi baseNyakatho Korea, evulekele abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi baxhumane nabaphakeli abavela ezweni. Iwebhusayithi http://psitc.co.kr/main/index.asp Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ngenxa yezimo zezombusazwe, amanye amawebhusayithi angase angafinyeleleki noma ukutholakala kwawo kungase kuhluke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi izimboni ezigunyaziwe ezihlobene nezikhali, izinto zempi, izinto zenuzi noma izinto ezisetshenziswa kabili zingase zingafinyeleleki noma zitholakalele ukuhwebelana ngenxa yenswinyo yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene eNorth Korea. Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olungenhla luhlinzekwe ngezinjongo zereferensi kuphela. Kuyalulekwa ukuthi uqinisekise ubuqiniso nokuba semthethweni kwanoma iyiphi inkundla ngaphambi kokuhlanganyela ekuhwebeni kwebhizinisi.
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