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Amasoko Nkuru
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Incamake y'igihugu
Sudani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Sudani, ni igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Ihuza imbibi n’ibihugu byinshi, birimo Misiri mu majyaruguru, Etiyopiya na Eritereya mu burasirazuba, Sudani y'Amajyepfo mu majyepfo, Repubulika ya Afurika yo hagati mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba, Tchad iburengerazuba na Libiya mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba. Sudani ituwe n'abaturage barenga miliyoni 40, kimwe mu bihugu binini bya Afurika. Umurwa mukuru wacyo ni Khartoum. Iki gihugu gifite amateka akomeye kuva mu myaka ibihumbi n'ibihumbi kandi cyahoze kibamo imico ya kera nka Kush na Nubia. Sudani ifite amoko atandukanye avuga indimi zitandukanye zirimo icyarabu nindimi nyinshi kavukire nyafurika nka Nubian, Beja, Fur na Dinka nizindi. Islamu ikorwa cyane nabantu bagera kuri 97%. Ubukungu bwigihugu ahanini bushingiye ku buhinzi hamwe n’ibihingwa nyamukuru ari umusaruro w’ipamba n’ubuhinzi bw’amavuta hamwe n’ibindi bihingwa ngengabukungu nk'imbuto za sesame. Byongeye kandi, Sudani ifite ububiko bwa peteroli bugira uruhare runini mu kwinjiza amafaranga. Mu rwego rwa politiki, Sudani yahuye n’ibibazo bitandukanye mu mateka yayo harimo amakimbirane hagati y’amoko atandukanye ndetse n’amakimbirane hagati y’uturere two mu gihugu ubwacyo. Mu myaka yashize nubwo habaye imbaraga zo kugera ku mutekano binyuze mu masezerano y’amahoro Sudani ifite imiterere nyaburanga itandukanye itandukanye n'ubutayu bwo mu majyaruguru nko mu butayu bwa Sahara bugera no ku misozi y'Inyanja Itukura mu gihe ibibaya birumbuka byiganje mu turere two hagati ku ruzi rwa Nili na Atbara aho ubuhinzi butera imbere. Mu gusoza, Sudani ikomeje kuba igihugu gishimishije kubera akamaro kayo k’amateka, imico itandukanye, ubushobozi bw’ubukungu, hamwe n’imiterere ya politiki itoroshye.Bigaragaza ibibazo byombi byugarije ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere ku isi ariko kandi bifite amahirwe menshi yo kuzamuka no kwiteza imbere mu nzego zitandukanye nk'ubuhinzi, ubukerarugendo, n'ubushakashatsi ku mutungo kamere
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Sudani ni igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Ifaranga ryemewe rikoreshwa muri Sudani ni Pound ya Sudani (SDG). Pound imwe yo muri Sudani igabanijwemo Piastres 100. Kuva yigenga ku butegetsi bwa gikoloni bw’Abongereza mu 1956, Sudani yahuye n’ibibazo bitandukanye by’ubukungu n’ihungabana. Kubera iyo mpamvu, agaciro ka Pound ya Sudani yagiye ihindagurika cyane mu myaka yashize. Mu bihe byashize, ubukungu bwa Sudani bwahuye n’igitutu cy’ifaranga n’izindi ngorane zishingiye ku bukungu. Igipimo cy’ivunjisha rya Pound ya Sudani kiratandukanye cyane ku masoko yemewe n’abirabura. Mu rwego rwo gushimangira ifaranga ryayo, Banki Nkuru ya Sudani yashyize mu bikorwa ingamba nyinshi nko kugenzura ivunjisha no gucunga ububiko bw’amahanga. Twabibutsa ko kubera ibibazo bya politiki n’ibibazo by’ubukungu, hari igihe byagaragaye ko amafaranga y’amahanga yagarukira ku baturage basanzwe. Ibi byatumye isoko ryirabura ryaguka kumafaranga hamwe n’igipimo cy’ivunjisha ridasanzwe ugereranije n’icyemewe. Mu Kwakira 2021, nyuma y'amezi menshi ivugururwa ry'ubukungu ryakozwe na guverinoma y'inzibacyuho, harimo guhuza igipimo cy'ivunjisha no gucunga inkunga ku bicuruzwa by'ingenzi nka lisansi n'ingano, Sudani yiboneye ko ubukungu bwifashe neza. Abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze bagabanije neza igipimo cy’ifaranga mu gihe bahagarika ivunjisha n’andi mafaranga akomeye. Icyakora, ni ngombwa gukomeza kugezwaho amakuru agezweho kuko ibihe bijyanye n’ifaranga bishobora guhinduka vuba bitewe nimpamvu zitandukanye nkiterambere rya politiki cyangwa ubukungu bwisi yose. Muri rusange, mu gihe hashyizweho ingufu n’ubuyobozi kugira ngo bakemure ibibazo bijyanye n’ifaranga muri Sudani, biracyakenewe cyane ku bantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa ubucuruzi bukorera mu bucuruzi cyangwa mu bucuruzi bw’imari ya Sudani kugira ngo bakurikiranire hafi ihindagurika ry’ibiciro by’ivunjisha kandi bakomeze bamenyeshe amabwiriza cyangwa politiki bijyanye bijyanye bigira ingaruka kubikorwa byabo byimari mugihugu.
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ifaranga ryemewe rya Sudani ni pound ya Sudani (SDG). Kubijyanye n’igipimo cy’ivunjisha ry’ama pound yo muri Sudani ugereranije n’ifaranga rikomeye ry’isi, dore imibare rusange (guhera muri Nzeri 2021 - ibiciro birashobora gutandukana): - USD (Amadorari y'Amerika): 1 SDG ≈ 0.022 USD - EUR (Euro): 1 SDG ≈ 0.019 EUR - GBP (Sterling yo mu Bwongereza): 1 SDG ≈ 0.016 GBP - JPY (Yen Yapani): 1 SDG ≈ 2.38 JPY - CNY (Umushinwa Yuan Renminbi): 1 SDG ≈ 0.145 CNY Nyamuneka menya ko igipimo cy’ivunjisha gihindagurika kenshi bitewe nimpamvu zitandukanye nkibihe byamasoko nibihe byubukungu, bityo rero burigihe nibyiza ko ugenzura amasoko yizewe cyangwa ibigo byimari kubiciro bigezweho mbere yo kuvunja amafaranga.
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Sudani, igihugu gitandukanye n’umuco muri Afurika, cyizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi yumwaka. Imwe mu minsi mikuru ikomeye yagaragaye muri Sudani ni umunsi wubwigenge. Umunsi w'ubwigenge wizihizwa ku ya 1 Mutarama mu rwego rwo kwibuka ubwigenge bwa Sudani ku butegetsi bw'Abongereza n'Abanyamisiri. Iyi minsi mikuru y'igihugu ni umunsi Sudani yabaye igihugu cyigenga ku mugaragaro mu 1956. Ibirori birimo ibirori n'ibirori bitandukanye byabereye mu gihugu hose. Abaturage ba Sudani bateraniye hamwe kugira ngo bubahe amateka yabo yo guharanira ubwigenge n'ubwigenge. Ibitaramo byumuco, parade, ningendo zo gukunda igihugu birasanzwe muriki gihe. Imihanda irimbishijwe amabendera, amabendera, n'imitako ishushanya ubumwe n'ishema. Undi munsi mukuru ukomeye wizihizwa muri Sudani ni Eid al-Fitr, bizihiza iherezo rya Ramazani - ukwezi kumwe kwisonzesha ku Bayisilamu. Iri serukiramuco rihuza imiryango ninshuti mugihe bifatanije namasengesho rusange mumisigiti ikurikirwa no gusangira ibyokurya bidasanzwe gakondo. Eid al-Adha ni undi munsi mukuru wizihizwa n’abayisilamu bo muri Sudani. Bizwi kandi nk'umunsi mukuru w'igitambo, bibuka Intumwa Ibrahim ubushake bwo gutamba umuhungu we nkigikorwa cyo kumvira Imana mbere yo gusimburwa nintama mugihe cyanyuma. Imiryango ihurira hamwe kugirango isenge, isangire amafunguro nabakunzi, igabanye inyama kubatishoboye, kandi bahana impano. Byongeye kandi, Noheri izwi mu bakristu bo muri Sudani nk'umunsi mukuru w'idini wizihiza ivuka rya Yesu Kristo. Nubwo abakirisitu bagize rubanda rugufi mu baturage biganjemo abayisilamu bo muri Sudani, Noheri iracyari umwe mu minsi mikuru bakunda cyane yaranzwe n’itorero, karoli, imitako, no guhana impano mu bagize umuryango. Iyi minsi mikuru igira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imico itandukanye mugihe iteza imbere ubumwe mumiryango itandukanye y’amadini muri Sudani.
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Sudani, iherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika, ni igihugu cy'ubuhinzi gifite ubukungu butera imbere. Igihugu gifite gahunda y’ubukungu ivanze ikubiyemo igenamigambi rusange n’ibiciro by’isoko. Ubucuruzi bwa Sudani bwatewe n’ibintu bitandukanye nk’umutungo wacyo, ibikomoka ku buhinzi, ndetse n’imiterere ya politiki. Sudani ifite umutungo kamere nka peteroli, zahabu, ubutare bw'icyuma, ifeza, n'umuringa. Ibyo bikoresho bigira uruhare runini mu kwinjiza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Abafatanyabikorwa ba Sudani bakomeye mu bucuruzi bwa peteroli ni Ubushinwa n'Ubuhinde. Ubuhinzi bugira uruhare runini mu bukungu bwa Sudani. Igihugu kizwiho kohereza mu mahanga ipamba, imbuto za sesame, icyarabu cyarabu (ikintu cy'ingenzi gikoreshwa mu nganda z’ibiribwa n’imiti), amatungo (harimo inka n'intama), ibishyimbo, ibinyampeke (bikoreshwa mu kurya ibiryo), n'indabyo za hibiscus ( ikoreshwa mu gutanga icyayi cy'ibyatsi). Icyakora, ni ngombwa kumenya ko Sudani ihura n’ibibazo by’ubucuruzi kubera ihungabana rya politiki n’amakimbirane mu myaka yashize. Ibihugu bimwe byashyizeho amategeko y’ubucuruzi kuri Sudani kubera impungenge z’ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira bwa muntu cyangwa gutera inkunga iterabwoba. Ubwigenge bwa Sudani yepfo mu 2011 nabwo bwagize ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu byombi. Mugihe Sudani yepfo yigaruriye imirima myinshi ya peteroli nyuma yo kubona ubwigenge bwa Sudani; icyakora, biracyaterwa numuturanyi wibikorwa remezo ndetse no kugera kumasoko mpuzamahanga. N'ubwo hari ibibazo, hashyizweho ingufu mu kuzamura ubukungu binyuze mu gutandukanya ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga birenze biterwa na peteroli. Guverinoma yashyize mu bikorwa politiki igamije kuzamura urwego rutari peteroli nk'ubuhinzi cyangwa inganda zikora inganda mu gihe zigerageza gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga. Mu gusoza, ubukungu bw’igihugu hamwe n’umutungo kamere kamere butanga amahirwe yo kuzamuka mu bucuruzi n’isi niba amahoro yiganje; icyakora, ingaruka zikomeje guhungabana muri politiki ziracyari inzitizi zo kumenya ubushobozi bwayo bwose
Iterambere ryisoko
Sudani iherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika, ifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. N’ubwo Sudani ihura n’ibibazo bitandukanye, nk’imidugararo ya politiki n’ubukungu bugoye, Sudani ifite ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubucuruzi. Ubwa mbere, Sudani yungukira ku karere kayo gaherereye mu masangano ya Afurika n'Uburasirazuba bwo hagati. Aha hantu hashyira nkirembo ryubucuruzi hagati yuturere twombi. Hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara abantu no guhuza binyuze mu miyoboro y’imihanda no ku byambu, Sudani irashobora koroshya urujya n'uruza rw’ibicuruzwa haba mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga. Icya kabiri, umutungo kamere wa Sudani utanga amahirwe yo kuzamuka mu mahanga. Igihugu gifite amabuye y'agaciro menshi nka zahabu, umuringa, chromite, na uranium. Byongeye kandi, izwiho gutanga ibicuruzwa byubuhinzi nka pamba, imbuto za sesame, gum arabic, ibikomoka ku bworozi nibindi. Ibyo bikoresho bitanga umusingi ukomeye kuri Sudani yo gutandukanya ibyoherezwa mu mahanga birenze guterwa na peteroli no gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga mu nzego zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, abaturage benshi ba Sudani bagaragaza isoko ryiza ryimbere mu gihugu rishobora gutanga amahirwe yo kwaguka mubucuruzi bwamahanga. Hariho imbaraga mu nzego nk'itumanaho, inganda, ubuhinzi, ingufu zishobora kubaho mu zindi .Mu guhitamo abakiriya baho mu gihe bakurikiza ibyo bakunda bishobora gutuma amafaranga yinjira mu bicuruzwa yiyongera igihe. Byongeye kandi, impinduka za politiki ziherutse kuba muri Sudani zirimo no kwerekeza kuri guverinoma ya gisivili zashishikaje abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga.Guhagarika ibihano by’ubukungu ku nganda zatoranijwe bituma habaho ubufatanye n’ibindi bihugu. Icyakora, ni ngombwa kumenya ko hari imbogamizi nyinshi zibuza gukoresha neza ubwo bushobozi.Bimwe mubibazo bikomeye birimo inzitizi za bureucratique, imisoro myinshi, inzitizi z’amahoro. Hejuru, ingaruka zikomeje kuba amakimbirane yitwaje intwaro agira ingaruka kubikorwa remezo byubwikorezi bityo bigatuma ubucuruzi bwambukiranya igihugu birakomeye cyane Mu gusoza, isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga rya Sudani ntirishobora gukoresha uburyo bwo gutegereza gufungurwa. Hashyizweho ingufu zihagije zigamije guteza imbere umutekano, ivugurura rya politiki, koroshya amategeko y’ubucuruzi & politiki ishingiye ku isoko ryuguruye; Sudani irashobora kwihagararaho nk'ahantu heza hatari mu gihugu gusa ahubwo n'ishoramari mpuzamahanga n'ubucuruzi.
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibicuruzwa byoherezwa muri Sudani, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibyo igihugu gikeneye ku isoko ndetse nicyo gikunda. Hano hari ibyiciro byibicuruzwa bizwi cyane bifite amahirwe yo gutsinda kumasoko yubucuruzi bwa Sudani. 1. Ibicuruzwa byubuhinzi: Sudani ifite ubukungu bwiganjemo ubuhinzi, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bijyanye n’ubuhinzi bikenerwa cyane. Ibi birimo ibihingwa nk'amasaka, gum arabic, imbuto za sesame, na pamba. 2. Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa: Hamwe nabantu benshi kandi bafite imico itandukanye, ibiribwa birashobora kubyara inyungu nyinshi. Ibirungo nkumuceri, ifu y ingano, amavuta yo guteka, ibirungo (nka cumin), amababi yicyayi, nibicuruzwa byafashwe nibisabwa. 3. Ibicuruzwa byo murugo: Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi bihora bisabwa cyane mubihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere nka Sudani. Ibicuruzwa nkibikoresho byo mu gikoni (imvange / umutobe), ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike (ibikoresho / ibikoresho), imyenda (igitambaro / igitanda), nibikoresho byogusukura birashobora gukora neza. 4. Ibikoresho byubwubatsi: Iterambere ryibikorwa remezo riragenda ryiyongera muri Sudani kubera kongera imijyi. Ibikoresho byubwubatsi nka sima, ibyuma / insinga / meshes / rebars / ibikoresho byububiko / ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero / imiyoboro itanga ubushobozi bukomeye. 5. Ibikoresho byita ku buzima: Harimo kumenyekana ko hakenewe ibigo nderabuzima n’ibikoresho bitezimbere mu gihugu hose. Ibikoresho byubuvuzi / ibikoresho / ibikoresho bijyanye no gusuzuma (urugero, ibipimo bya termometero / monitor yumuvuduko wamaraso) cyangwa inzira ntoya irashobora gutekerezwa. 6. Ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa: Hamwe n’izuba ryinshi ryumwaka wose, imirasire yizuba, ubushyuhe bwamazi yizuba, nibindi bisubizo bitanga ingufu zicyatsi bigenda byiyongera murwego rwingufu za Sudani. 7.Ibicuruzwa by'ubukorikori: Sudani ifite umuco ukungahaye hamwe n'ubukorikori gakondo buhabwa agaciro gakomeye.Urugero rurimo ibitebo bikozwe mu ntoki, imikindo y'ibibabi by'imikindo, ububumbyi, ibikoresho bikozwe mu muringa, n'ibicuruzwa by'uruhu. Ubu bukorikori bufite aho bukorera ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo kohereza hanze. Kugirango hamenyekane neza ibicuruzwa byatoranijwe, ni ngombwa gukora ubushakashatsi nisesengura ku isoko. Gusuzuma ibyifuzo byamasoko yaho, imbaraga zo kugura, irushanwa, nibintu byubukungu bizagira uruhare runini mu gufata ibyemezo byuzuye. Nibyiza kandi gufatanya nabashoramari bizewe cyangwa abakozi bazi neza isoko rya Sudani kugirango ibicuruzwa byinjire neza.
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Sudani ni igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Azwiho ubwinshi bwabaturage, umurage gakondo wumuco, hamwe nubutaka bwiza. Dore bimwe mubiranga abakiriya ba Sudani na kirazira z'umuco tugomba kumenya: 1. Kamere yo kwakira abashyitsi: Abanya Sudani muri rusange barashyuha kandi bakira abashyitsi. Baha agaciro ubwakiranyi kandi akenshi bakora uko bashoboye kugirango abashyitsi bumve bamerewe neza. 2. Ibyiyumvo bikomeye byabaturage: Umuganda ugira uruhare runini mumuco wa Sudani, kandi ibyemezo bifatwa akenshi hamwe aho kubikora kugiti cyabo. Kubwibyo, kubaka umubano nabayobozi cyangwa abaturage bakomeye birashobora kuba ingenzi mubikorwa byubucuruzi bigenda neza. 3. Kubaha abasaza: Umuryango wa Sudani uha agaciro gakomeye kubaha abasaza n'abayobozi bakuru b'umuryango. Ni ngombwa kwerekana icyubahiro, cyane cyane iyo usabana nabantu bakuze mugihe cyinama zubucuruzi cyangwa guterana kwabaturage. 4. Imigenzo ya kisilamu: Sudani yiganjemo abayisilamu, bityo rero ni ngombwa kumva no kubahiriza imigenzo ya kisilamu mugihe ukora ubucuruzi muri iki gihugu. Ibi bikubiyemo kuzirikana imyambarire (abagore bagomba gupfuka imitwe), kwirinda guteganya amanama mugihe cyamasengesho, no kwirinda kunywa inzoga. 5. Inshingano z'uburinganire: Uruhare rw'uburinganire muri Sudani ni umuco gakondo hamwe n'abagabo bakunze kugira imyanya y'ubutegetsi muri sosiyete ndetse n'inzego z'umuryango ubusanzwe ni abakurambere muri kamere. 6. Kwakira abashyitsi Taboo: Mu muco wa Sudani, biramenyerewe gutanga ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa nk'ikimenyetso cyo kwakira abashyitsi iyo usuye urugo cyangwa ibiro by'umuntu. Kwemera itangwa byerekana neza kubaha uwakiriye. 7. Ingingo za kirazira: Irinde kuganira ku ngingo zoroshye nk'idini (keretse bibaye ngombwa), politiki (cyane cyane ijyanye n'amakimbirane yo mu gihugu), cyangwa kunenga imigenzo yaho kuko ishobora gufatwa nk'iyubashye cyangwa ibabaje. 8.Wubahe kwizihiza Ramazani: Mu kwezi gutagatifu kwa Ramadhan, kwiyiriza ubusa kuva izuba rirashe kugeza izuba rirenze ni umuco w'idini ukomeye mu Bayisilamu bo muri Sudani (usibye abafite ibibazo by'ubuzima). Nibyiza kutarya / kunywa kumugaragaro muriki gihe no kwerekana ibyiyumvo kubantu biyiriza ubusa. 9. Guhana intoki: Mugihe gisanzwe, guhana ukuboko gukomeye ni indamutso isanzwe hagati yabantu bahuje igitsina. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko abadahuje igitsina badashobora gutangiza imibonano mpuzabitsina keretse niba ari abo mu muryango wa hafi. 10. Kwubahiriza igihe: Nubwo umuco wa Sudani muri rusange ufite uburyo bworoshye bwo kubahiriza igihe, biracyakenewe ko ugera mugihe cyinama zubucuruzi cyangwa gahunda nkikimenyetso cyo kubaha bagenzi bawe. Wibuke, iyi ncamake itanga ubushishozi muri rusange ibiranga abakiriya ba Sudani na kirazira. Buri gihe birasabwa gukora ubundi bushakashatsi no guhuza imyitwarire yawe mugihe uhuye nabantu baturuka mumico itandukanye.
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Sudani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Sudani, ni igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Nkibyo, yashyizeho amabwiriza ya gasutamo n’abinjira n’abasohoka kugira ngo igenzure neza imipaka. Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo ya Sudani yibanda ku kugenzura ibicuruzwa no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Igamije kurinda umutekano w’igihugu, kurengera ubuzima rusange, gushyira mu bikorwa politiki y’ubucuruzi, no gukumira ibikorwa bitemewe nka magendu. Iyo uhageze cyangwa uhaguruka ku byambu bya Sudani byinjira (ibibuga byindege, ibyambu), abagenzi basabwa kunyura mubikorwa byabinjira n’abasohoka bakerekana ibyangombwa nka pasiporo na viza. Dore ingingo zimwe zingenzi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ukorana na gasutamo ya Sudani: 1. Inyandiko zurugendo: Menya neza ko ufite pasiporo yemewe nibura amezi atandatu afite agaciro uhereye umunsi winjiye muri Sudani. Usibye viza niba bishoboka. 2. Ibintu bibujijwe: Menya ibintu bibujijwe cyangwa bibujijwe bidashobora kwinjizwa muri Sudani. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo imbunda, ibiyobyabwenge, ibicuruzwa byiganano, ibikoresho biteye isoni, ibitabo by’amadini bigenewe gukwirakwizwa, ibiribwa bimwe na bimwe utabanje kubiherwa uruhushya cyangwa uruhushya rutangwa n’inzego zibishinzwe. 3. Amabwiriza y’ifaranga: Hariho imipaka ku mubare w’amafaranga y’amahanga ushobora kuzana cyangwa kuvana muri Sudani; menya neza ko usobanukiwe naya mabwiriza kugirango wirinde ibibazo byose. 4. Gahunda yo kumenyekanisha: Ni ngombwa gutangaza neza ibintu byose byemewe iyo ugeze muri Sudani cyangwa mbere yo kugenda iyo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze yigihugu. 5. Inshingano n'imisoro: Sobanukirwa ko imisoro n'imisoro bishobora gukoreshwa ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bizanwa muri Sudani bitewe n'agaciro / icyiciro; menya ko ukurikiza amabwiriza ajyanye no gukuraho neza mugihe cya gasutamo. 6. Ibitekerezo byubuzima: Menyera ibisabwa bijyanye nubuzima nkinkingo zikenewe kugirango winjire muri Sudani nkuko byagaragajwe ninzego zibanze; kandi urebe neza ko utazana ibiryo ibyo aribyo byose bibujijwe kubera iterabwoba ryabyo ryo gukwirakwiza indwara nk'indwara y'ibirenge-umunwa cyangwa virusi y’ibicurane by'ibiguruka nta ruhushya rukwiye rutangwa n'inzego zibishinzwe mbere. Aya mabwiriza agamije gutanga ibisobanuro rusange kuri sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo ya Sudani no kwirinda kubagenzi. Kumakuru yuzuye kandi agezweho, burigihe birasabwa kugisha inama ambasade cyangwa konsuline ya Sudani.
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Sudani, igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika, gifite politiki yo gutumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa byayo. Igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga kiratandukanye bitewe n’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ku bicuruzwa bikomoka ku buhinzi, Sudani ishyiraho igipimo mpuzandengo cya 35%, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe nk’itabi n’isukari bitangirwa amahoro menshi. Izi ngamba zigamije kurinda inganda zubuhinzi zaho guhatana no guteza imbere kwihaza. Ku bijyanye n’ibicuruzwa byakozwe, Sudani muri rusange ikoresha igipimo cya 20% ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Nyamara, ibintu bimwe nkibinyabiziga bishobora guhura n’ibiciro biri hejuru kubera ingaruka zishobora kuba ku nganda zaho ndetse nakazi. Byongeye kandi, hari imisoro yihariye ishyirwaho kubicuruzwa runaka. Kurugero, ibicuruzwa byiza nka imitako hamwe na elegitoroniki yo mu rwego rwo hejuru bitangirwa imisoro yinyongera. Ibi ni ingamba zo kwinjiza leta no kugerageza kugenzura imyitwarire y'abaguzi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe muri Sudani ishobora guhinduka mugihe bitewe nubukungu cyangwa leta ibyihutira. Kubera iyo mpamvu, buri gihe ni byiza ko abashoramari cyangwa abantu bateganya kugirana ubucuruzi na Sudani kugira ngo bakomeze kugezwaho amakuru mashya yashyizweho n’ubuyobozi bwa gasutamo. Muri make, Sudani ifite politiki y’imisoro itandukanye itumizwa mu mahanga ishingiye ku cyiciro cy’ibicuruzwa biva kuri 20% ku bicuruzwa byakozwe cyane kugeza kuri 35% ku bicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi. Byongeye kandi, hari kandi imisoro yihariye ishyirwa mubintu byiza cyane nka imitako na elegitoroniki yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Sudani, igihugu cyo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika, ifite politiki y’imisoro yohereza mu mahanga igamije kugenzura no kuzamura ubukungu bwayo. Guverinoma ya Sudani ishyira mu bikorwa ingamba zitandukanye zo kwinjiza imisoro ku bicuruzwa byoherejwe hanze. Ubwa mbere, Sudani ishyiraho imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa bimwe byoherezwa mu gihugu. Iyi misoro yakwa ku bicuruzwa byihariye nka peteroli n'ibicuruzwa bicukurwa nka zahabu, ifeza, n'amabuye y'agaciro. Abashora ibicuruzwa hanze bagomba kwishyura ijanisha runaka ryagaciro kibyo bicuruzwa nkimisoro mugihe byoherejwe hanze yumupaka wa Sudani. Byongeye kandi, Sudani ikoresha kandi imisoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA) ku bicuruzwa bimwe byoherejwe hanze. Umusoro ku nyongeragaciro ni umusoro ku byaguzwe ushyirwa kuri buri cyiciro cy'umusaruro no kugabura aho agaciro kongerewe ku bicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi. Abashora ibicuruzwa mu mahanga basabwa kwishyuza TVA ku bicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa bigurishwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Usibye imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga na TVA, Sudani irashobora gushyira mu bikorwa ubundi buryo bw'imisoro cyangwa amahoro bitewe n'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa byoherejwe hanze. Ibi bishobora kubamo imisoro ku musoro cyangwa amahoro yabigenewe agamije kurinda inganda zo mu gihugu ashyiraho amafaranga menshi kubisimburwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Icyakora, twakagombye kumenya ko politiki yimisoro ishobora guhinduka mugihe runaka kubera ihungabana rya politiki cyangwa ihinduka ryubukungu muri Sudani. Kugira ngo ubone amakuru nyayo yerekeye amabwiriza agenga imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga muri Sudani, ni byiza ko abohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bagisha inama inzego za Leta zibishinzwe cyangwa abajyanama b'umwuga bazi neza amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi mu gihugu. Imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga igira uruhare runini mu bihugu nka Sudani mu kwinjiza amafaranga mu bikorwa bya leta mu gihe ishyigikira iterambere ry’inganda zaho ndetse no guhangana mu gihugu imbere mu mahanga. Ikora kandi nk'igikoresho cyo kugenzura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu guhuza intego z’ubukungu n’inyungu rusange.
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Sudani, igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika, gifite ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byohereza mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi. Kugirango hamenyekane ubuziranenge n’ukuri by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, Sudani yashyize mu bikorwa ibyemezo byo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Guverinoma ya Sudani isaba kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kubona icyemezo cy'inkomoko y'ibicuruzwa byabo. Iyi nyandiko igenzura igihugu ibicuruzwa byaturutse kandi birakenewe kugirango ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bitumizwa mu mahanga. Nibimenyetso byerekana ko ibicuruzwa byakozwe kandi bikozwe muri Sudani. Byongeye kandi, ibicuruzwa bimwe byihariye birashobora gusaba izindi mpamyabumenyi. Kurugero, ibicuruzwa byubuhinzi nkimbuto cyangwa sesame birashobora gukenera ibyemezo bya phytosanitarike kugirango byemeze ko byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga kubyerekeye udukoko n'indwara. Abatumiza mu mahanga ibikomoka ku nyamaswa nk'inyama cyangwa amata bagomba kubona ibyemezo by'ubuzima bw'amatungo byemeza ko ibicuruzwa byabo bifite umutekano. Abashora ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bashobora kubona ibyo byemezo babinyujije mu bigo bitandukanye bya Leta bishinzwe amategeko agenga ubucuruzi n'inganda nka Minisiteri y'Ubucuruzi cyangwa Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi. Izi nzego zemeza kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga mu gihe ziteza imbere ubucuruzi bunoze. Byongeye kandi, Sudani nayo iri mu bihugu bigize ubukungu bw’akarere nka COMESA (Isoko rusange ry’Afurika y’iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo) kandi ifite amasezerano y’ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu byinshi. Aya masezerano akenshi azanwa n amategeko yabo bwite yerekeranye no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, byemeza ko hubahirizwa ubuziranenge bwihariye. Mu myaka yashize, Sudani ikora ibishoboka ngo itezimbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga hifashishijwe uburyo bwo gutanga ibyemezo binyuze ku mbuga za interineti. Uku kwimuka kugamije kongera imikorere mukubona ibyangombwa mugihe ugabanya bureaucracy ijyanye nimpapuro zifatika. Mu gusoza, Sudani isaba kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kubona ibyemezo by’inkomoko hamwe n’izindi mpamyabumenyi zose bitewe n'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga nka icyemezo cya phytosanitarite cyangwa ibyemezo by'ubuzima bw'amatungo. Ibi bisabwa nibyingenzi kugirango habeho gukorera mu mucyo ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga buturuka muri Sudani mugihe bwujuje ubuziranenge bwisi.
Basabwe ibikoresho
Sudani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Sudani, ni igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Ubuso bungana na kilometero kare miliyoni 1.8, Sudani nicyo gihugu cya gatatu kinini ku mugabane wa Afrika. N’ubwo ari nini cyane n’uburinganire butandukanye, Sudani ihura n’ibibazo bitandukanye mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho remezo n’ibikorwa remezo. Iyo usuzumye ibikoresho byo muri Sudani, ni ngombwa kumenya ko mu myaka yashize iki gihugu cyahungabanye muri politiki ndetse n’intambara yitwaje intwaro. Izi ngingo zagize ingaruka mbi ku iterambere no gufata neza ibikorwa remezo nkimihanda, gari ya moshi, ibyambu, nibibuga byindege. Ku bicuruzwa mpuzamahanga byinjira cyangwa biva muri Sudani, Port Sudani ni ihuriro rikomeye ryo gutwara abantu mu nyanja. Iherereye ku nkombe z'Inyanja Itukura kandi itanga inzira zingenzi z'ubucuruzi zihuza Uburayi, Aziya, na Afurika. Ariko, kubera ubushobozi buke nibikoresho bishaje kuri Port Sudani, gutinda bishobora kubaho mugihe cyimpera. Ku bijyanye no gutwara abantu mu mipaka ya Sudani, hari umuhanda wa kaburimbo uhuza imijyi minini nka Khartoum (umurwa mukuru), Port Sudan, Nyala, El Obeident.huza ibikorwa bya logistique neza mu turere dutandukanye. Serivise zitwara indege nazo ziraboneka muri Sudani binyuze ku bibuga byindege byinshi byo mu gihugu nka Khartoum International. Ikora indege zitwara abagenzi n'imizigo ariko irashobora guhura n'imbogamizi kubera ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ibintu binini. Kugenzura ibyo bibazo bya logistique neza muri Sudani: 1. Teganya mbere: Urebye gutinda cyangwa guhungabana biterwa n'ibikorwa remezo bidahagije cyangwa inzira ya bureucratique mugihe cyo gukuraho gasutamo; kugira gahunda yatekerejwe neza birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibibazo bitunguranye. 2. Shakisha ubumenyi bwaho: Gufatanya nabatanga ibikoresho byaho bafite uburambe bukorera mugihugu birashobora kuba ingirakamaro mugukurikirana inzira za bureucratique cyangwa gucunga neza ingaruka zaho. 3.Guteza imbere itumanaho: Gukomeza itumanaho rihoraho hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa bagize uruhare mu itumanaho ryanyu - abatanga ibicuruzwa, abatwara ibintu, ububiko bw’ibindi n'ibindi, bizorohereza imikorere yoroshye.ibibazo bigoye gutonyanga uturere twa kure bisaba guhuza neza n’impande zose zirimo, 4.Gutohoza ubundi buryo bwo gutwara abantu: Urebye imbogamizi zishobora guterwa n’ibikorwa remezo byo mu muhanda, gushakisha ubundi buryo bwo gutwara abantu, nka gari ya moshi cyangwa imizigo yo mu kirere ku nzira cyangwa ibicuruzwa byihariye, bishobora kuba ingirakamaro. 5. Kurinda imizigo no kugabanya ingaruka: Gukoresha ingamba zo gucunga ibyago nko gutanga ubwishingizi kugirango urinde ibicuruzwa byawe murwego rwo kugemura birasabwa cyane. Mu gusoza, imiterere y’ibikoresho bya Sudani itanga imbogamizi nyinshi kubera ibikorwa remezo bidahagije ndetse n’imidugararo ya politiki. Ariko, hamwe nogutegura neza, ubufatanye bwinzobere zaho, inzira nziza zitumanaho, gukoresha ubundi buryo bwo gutwara abantu aho bibaye ngombwa no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka, birashoboka kugendana ibikoresho bya Sudani neza.
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Sudani, iherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika, ifite inzira nyinshi z'amasoko mpuzamahanga n'amasoko yo kwerekana imishinga ku bucuruzi bashaka kwagura ibikorwa byabo. Dore bimwe bigaragara: 1. Imiyoboro mpuzamahanga yo gutanga amasoko: a) Ikigo gishinzwe gutanga amasoko muri Sudani: Ikigo cya leta gishinzwe kugura ibicuruzwa na serivisi muri minisiteri zitandukanye n’ibigo bya Leta. b) Umuryango w’abibumbye (UN): Sudani n’umuntu wahawe inkunga na gahunda z’umuryango w’abibumbye zita ku nkunga n’iterambere, itanga amahirwe ku batanga isoko ryo gupiganira amasoko binyuze mu bigo by’umuryango w’abibumbye nka gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe iterambere (UNDP) cyangwa gahunda y’ibiribwa ku isi (WFP). c) Imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta (ONG): Imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta ikorera muri Sudani, itanga ubufasha mu nzego zose nk'ubuzima, uburezi, ubuhinzi, n'ibikorwa remezo. Aya mashyirahamwe akenshi akeneye amasoko ashobora kuba amahirwe yubucuruzi. 2. Imurikagurisha: a) Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya Khartoum: Ibirori ngarukamwaka byabereye i Khartoum ni rimwe mu imurikagurisha rinini rya Sudani rikubiyemo inzego zitandukanye nk'ubuhinzi, inganda, ikoranabuhanga, ingufu, ubwubatsi, n'ibindi. Ikurura abamurika imurikagurisha ndetse n’amahanga. b) Imurikagurisha ry’ubuhinzi muri Sudani: Kwibanda cyane cyane ku rwego rw’ubuhinzi - igice cy’ingenzi mu bukungu bwa Sudani - iri murika ritanga amahirwe ku masosiyete akora imashini z’ubuhinzi, ikoranabuhanga, imbuto / ifumbire yo kwerekana ibicuruzwa byayo. c) Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya Sudani ryo gupakira no gucapa: Ibi birori byerekana ibisubizo bipakira mu nganda nko gutunganya ibiribwa / amasosiyete apakira cyangwa ubucuruzi bwo gucapa bugamije gushora ku isoko. Iri murika ntiritanga gusa inzira yo kwerekana ibicuruzwa ahubwo binatanga urubuga rwo guhuza abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye bo mu nzego za leta / minisiteri cyangwa abakiriya / abafatanyabikorwa. Byongeye kandi, d) Ihuriro ryubucuruzi / Inama: Amahuriro atandukanye yubucuruzi / inama ategurwa umwaka wose nimiryango nkibyumba byubucuruzi cyangwa ibigo biteza imbere ubucuruzi. Ibi birori bitanga ubumenyi bwo gusangira ubumenyi n'amahirwe yo guhuza inzobere mu nganda / abanyamwuga baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kubera ibibazo bya politiki n’ubukungu bikomeje, ibidukikije by’ubucuruzi bya Sudani bishobora guteza ingaruka zimwe. Nibyiza gukora ubushakashatsi bunoze, kwemeza kubahiriza amategeko n'amabwiriza yaho, no gutekereza kwishora mubafatanyabikorwa mugihe bashakisha amahirwe mubucuruzi muri Sudani.
Muri Sudani, hari moteri nyinshi zishakisha zikoreshwa. Ibyingenzi birimo: 1. Google (https://www.google.sd): Google niyo moteri ishakisha izwi cyane ku isi, kandi ikoreshwa cyane muri Sudani. Itanga ibisubizo byuzuye byubushakashatsi nibintu bitandukanye nkamashusho, ikarita, amakuru, nibindi byinshi. 2. Bing (https://www.bing.com): Bing niyindi moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane muri Sudani. Itanga ibisubizo byurubuga, gushakisha amashusho, videwo, ingingo zamakuru, nizindi serivisi. 3. Yahoo (https://www.yahoo.com): Nubwo itagaragaye nka Google cyangwa Bing muri Sudani, Yahoo iracyafite umubare munini w'abakoresha muri iki gihugu. Usibye gutanga ibisobanuro rusange kurubuga nkizindi moteri, itanga serivisi za imeri namakuru agezweho. 4. Yandex (https: 5. DuckDuckGo (https: 6. Baza.com (: bikomoka kurubuga rwizewe ruhuza ijambo ryibanze ryinjijwe nabakoresha. Izi nimwe mumoteri ishakisha ikoreshwa muri Sudani; icyakora, ni ngombwa kumenya ko abantu benshi bashobora gukoresha cyane cyane ibihangange kwisi nka Google kubyo bakeneye byo gushakisha bitewe nuko bigera kandi bimenyerewe mubakoresha interineti kwisi yose.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Urupapuro nyamukuru rwumuhondo muri Sudani rurimo ibi bikurikira: 1. Urupapuro rwumuhondo wa Sudani: Uru rubuga rutanga ububiko bwuzuye bwubucuruzi, imiryango, na serivisi zitandukanye muri Sudani. Itondekanya amakuru yamakuru, aderesi, nibisobanuro bigufi bya buri rutonde. Urashobora gusura urubuga rwabo kuri www.sudanyellowpages.com. 2. Urupapuro rwumuhondo rwa Sudani yepfo: Kubucuruzi na serivisi biherereye muri Sudani yepfo, urashobora kwifashisha paje yumuhondo ya Sudani yepfo. Itanga ibyiciro byinshi nka hoteri, resitora, ibitaro, kaminuza, nibindi byinshi. Urubuga rwabo ni www.southsudanyellowpages.com. 3. Ubucuruzi bwa Juba-Link: Ubu bubiko bwa interineti bwibanze ku bucuruzi bukorera i Juba - umurwa mukuru wa Sudani y'Amajyepfo. Itanga amakuru arambuye namakuru kumirenge myinshi harimo amasosiyete yubwubatsi, abadandaza imodoka, amabanki, amahoteri nibindi. Urubuga rwabo ni www.jubalink.biz. 4. Ububiko bwa interineti bwa Khartoum: Kubucuruzi bufite icyicaro i Khartoum - umurwa mukuru wa Sudani - urashobora kwifashisha ubu bubiko kurutonde rwibanze nka resitora, ibigo byubucuruzi, ibigo byubuvuzi, amahoteri nibindi .. Urubuga rwa Khartoum Online Directory ni http://khartoumonline.net/. 5.YellowPageSudan.com: Uru rubuga rugamije guhuza abakiriya n’ubucuruzi bwaho mu nganda zitandukanye mu gihugu. Urubuga rutanga ibikorwa byo gushakisha aho abakoresha bashobora kubona ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi bashaka hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye. Urashobora kubona aya makuru kuri www.yellowpagesudan.com. Nyamuneka menya ko ububiko bushobora guhinduka cyangwa kuvugurura bishobora kubaho mugihe; niyo mpamvu buri gihe ari byiza kugenzura inshuro ebyiri ukuri kwabyo mbere yo gukora ibibazo byingenzi byubucuruzi cyangwa ibyemezo.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Sudani ni igihugu cyo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika gifite inganda zikoresha ubucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi. Hano hari bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi bya e-ubucuruzi muri Sudani hamwe nurubuga rwabo rwa URL: 1. Markaz.com - Urubuga: https://www.markaz.com/ Markaz.com ni imwe mu mbuga za e-ubucuruzi ziza muri Sudani, zitanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imideri, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, ibicuruzwa byiza, n'ibindi. 2. ALSHOP - Urubuga: http://alshop.sd/ ALSHOP ni urundi rubuga ruzwi cyane kuri e-ubucuruzi muri Sudani rutanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye nka elegitoroniki, imyambaro, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo murugo, hamwe nubuzima nibicuruzwa byiza. 3. Khradel Kumurongo - Urubuga: https://www.khradelonline.com/ Khradel Online itanga amahitamo menshi ya electronics mubirango bizwi nka Samsung na LG. Batanga kandi serivisi zizewe zabakiriya nuburyo bwihuse bwo gutanga. 4. Isoko rya Neelain - Urubuga: http://neelainmall.sd/ Neelain Mall itanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo imyenda kubagabo nabagore, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho byubuzima, kwisiga, nibindi byinshi. 5. Souq Jumia Sudani - Urubuga: https://souq.jumia.com.sd/ Souq Jumia Sudani iri mu itsinda rya Jumia rikorera mu bihugu bitandukanye bya Afurika. Batanga ibicuruzwa byinshi kuva kuri electronics kugeza kumyambarire kugeza murugo rwa ngombwa. 6. Ububiko bwa Almatsani - Urupapuro rwa Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Almatsanistore Ububiko bwa Almatsani bukora cyane cyane kurubuga rwa Facebook aho abakiriya bashobora kureba mubyiciro bitandukanye byibicuruzwa birimo imyambarire yimyambarire y'abagabo n'abagore. Nyamuneka menya ko kuboneka no gukundwa kwizi mbuga bishobora gutandukana mugihe uko imiterere ya e-ubucuruzi igenda ihinduka muri Sudani.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Sudani, igihugu kinini muri Afurika, igenda yiyongera ku isi ya sisitemu kandi imbuga nkoranyambaga zikunzwe cyane mu baturage bayo. Dore urutonde rwa zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa muri Sudani hamwe na URL zabo: 1. Facebook (https://www.facebook.com): Facebook ni imwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa cyane muri Sudani. Iyemerera abakoresha guhuza inshuti nimiryango, gusangira ibishya, no guhuza amatsinda cyangwa impapuro zishimishije. 2. WhatsApp (https: 3. Twitter (https://www.twitter.com): Twitter itanga urubuga rwibiganiro nyabyo binyuze mumyandiko migufi yitwa tweet. Abakoresha barashobora gukurikira konti zinyungu kugirango bakire ibishya kubantu cyangwa imiryango. 4. Instagram (https://www.instagram.com): Instagram yibanda ku gusangira amafoto na videwo n'abayoboke. Abakoresha barashobora guhindura amashusho yabo bakoresheje filteri zitandukanye nibikoresho byo guhanga mbere yo kubishyira kumurongo wabo. 5. YouTube (https://www.youtube.com): YouTube itanga icyegeranyo kinini cya videwo zoherejwe nabantu cyangwa imiryango kwisi yose. Abakoresha Sudani bakunze gukoresha iyi platform mu rwego rwo kwidagadura cyangwa gusangira ibintu bijyanye n'umuco n'ibirori. 6. LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com): LinkedIn ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikorwa byo guhuza umwuga. Abanyamwuga bo muri Sudani bakoresha iyi platform kugirango bahuze amasano mu nganda zabo, berekane ubuhanga nuburambe ku mwirondoro, gushakisha amahirwe yakazi, nibindi. 7. Telegaramu (https://telegram.org/): Telegramu ni porogaramu ishingiye ku gicu cyohererezanya ubutumwa bwamamaye kubera uburyo bwo gutumanaho bwizewe nk'ubushobozi bwo gushishoza kugeza ku ndunduro. 8.Snapchat (https://www.snapchat.com/): Snapchat yemerera abakoresha gusangira amashusho yigihe gito cyangwa videwo ngufi izwi nka snap ibura nyuma yo kureba nabahawe. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane muri Sudani, imikoreshereze yazo zirashobora gutandukana mubantu bitewe nibyifuzo byabo bwite.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Sudani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Sudani, ni igihugu giherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Ifite ubukungu butandukanye hamwe ninganda zitandukanye. Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda muri Sudani arimo: 1. Ihuriro ry’abacuruzi n’abakoresha bo muri Sudani (SBEF) Urubuga: https://www.sbefsudan.org/ SBEF ihagarariye abikorera muri Sudani kandi igamije guteza imbere ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi, gushimangira umubano w'ubucuruzi, no gushyigikira iterambere ry'ubukungu mu gihugu. 2. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi (ACC) Urubuga: Ntibishoboka ACC yibanze ku guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi muri Sudani itanga ubuyobozi, inkunga, no guhagararira abahinzi, ubuhinzi, n’abafatanyabikorwa bafitanye isano. 3. Ishyirahamwe ry'abakora ibicuruzwa muri Sudani (SMA) Urubuga: http://sma.com.sd/ SMA ihagarariye abakora inganda zitandukanye zirimo imyenda, gutunganya ibiryo, imiti, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, gukora imashini nizindi. 4. Urugereko rwubucuruzi ninganda Leta ya Khartoum (COCIKS) Uru rugereko rufite uruhare runini nk'urubuga rw'ubucuruzi bukorera muri Leta ya Khartoum mu koroshya ibikorwa byo guteza imbere ubucuruzi binyuze mu guhuza imiyoboro no gutanga ibikoresho kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo. 5. Ishyirahamwe rya Banki n’Imari ya Sudani Urubuga: Ntibishoboka Iri shyirahamwe ni umuryango w’umuryango uhagarariye amabanki n’ibigo by’imari muri Sudani kugira ngo biteze imbere ubufatanye hagati y’abanyamuryango bayo ndetse binashyiraho politiki igira uruhare mu kuzamura urwego rw’amabanki. 6. Ishyirahamwe ry'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho - ITIA Urubuga: https://itia-sd.net/ ITIA yibanda ku gushyigikira urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho rushyigikira politiki iteza imbere udushya no kwihangira imirimo mu gihe hubahirizwa amahame y'inganda. Nyamuneka menya ko amashyirahamwe amwe ashobora kuba adafite imbuga zabugenewe cyangwa imbuga zabo ntizishobora kuboneka igihe cyose bitewe nibihe byihariye muri buri shyirahamwe cyangwa ibibazo bya tekiniki; kubwibyo kuboneka birashobora gutandukana burigihe. Ni ngombwa kugenzura hamwe ninkomoko yizewe cyangwa gukora ubundi bushakashatsi bujyanye nuburyo ayo mashyirahamwe ameze niba ukeneye amakuru agezweho.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Dore zimwe mu mbuga n’ubucuruzi n’ubukungu bijyanye na Sudani: 1. Ingereko z’ubucuruzi n’inganda zo muri Sudani (SCCI) - http://www.sudanchamber.org/ SCCI n’umuryango wemewe ushinzwe guteza imbere ubucuruzi n’ishoramari muri Sudani. Urubuga rwabo rutanga amakuru kuri serivisi zitandukanye, amahirwe yubucuruzi, ibyabaye, namakuru ajyanye nubukungu bwigihugu. 2. Ikigo gishinzwe ishoramari muri Sudani (SIA) - http://www.sudaninvest.org/ Urubuga rwa SIA rutanga ubumenyi bwingenzi kumahirwe yo gushora imari mubice bitandukanye byubukungu bwa Sudani. Itanga amakuru arambuye kubyerekeye amategeko, amabwiriza, gushimangira, imishinga, na politiki yo gukurura abashoramari baho ndetse n’amahanga. 3. Inama ishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga (EPC) - http://www.epc.gov.sd/ EPC igamije guteza imbere ibikorwa byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga itanga ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ubuyobozi bukenewe, serivisi zunganira, ubwenge ku isoko, na gahunda yo guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Urubuga rwabo rutanga ibikoresho byingirakamaro kubohereza ibicuruzwa hanze bashaka kwagura amasoko yabo. 4. Banki Nkuru ya Sudani (CBOS) - https://cbos.gov.sd/en/ CBOS ishinzwe gushyiraho politiki y’ifaranga kimwe no gucunga gahunda y’imari y’igihugu. Urubuga rwabo rukubiyemo amakuru yingenzi yubukungu nkigipimo cyinyungu, imibare y’ifaranga, igipimo cy’ivunjisha, raporo ku ihungabana ry’imari. 5. Minisiteri yubucuruzi ninganda - https://tradeindustry.gov.sd/en/homepage Iyi minisiteri ya leta ishinzwe kugenzura politiki ijyanye n’ubucuruzi muri Sudani. Urubuga rutanga amakuru mashya kumasezerano mpuzamahanga / umubano ugira ingaruka kubucuruzi hamwe nubuyobozi bwo gutumiza / kohereza hanze. 6. Isoko ryimigabane rya Khartoum (KSE) - https://kse.com.sd/index.php KSE n’ivunjisha ry’imigabane muri Sudani aho amasosiyete ashobora gutondekanya imigabane yayo mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi cyangwa abashoramari bashobora kubona amakuru ajyanye n’imikorere y’ibigo byashyizwe ku rutonde n’ibikorwa by’isoko binyuze kuri uru rubuga. 7.Tendersinfo.com/Sudan-Amakuru.asp Kubashaka kwitabira amasoko ya leta muri Sudani cyangwa kubona amahirwe yubucuruzi, uru rubuga rutanga ibisobanuro birambuye. Nyamuneka menya ko kuboneka no gukora kururu rubuga bishobora gutandukana mugihe.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hariho urubuga rwinshi rwibibazo byubucuruzi biboneka kuri Sudani. Dore bimwe muri byo: 1. Sudani y'Ubucuruzi: Uru rubuga rutanga serivisi zitandukanye zijyanye n'ubucuruzi muri Sudani, harimo imibare y’ubucuruzi, amabwiriza yo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga, amahirwe yo gushora imari, hamwe n’ubucuruzi. Urashobora kubona igice cyamakuru yubucuruzi kuri: https://www.sudantradepoint.gov.sd/ 2. UMUGANDA: KUGURISHA ni ububiko bw’umuryango w’abibumbye bw’imibare mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi n’imbonerahamwe zisesenguye. Urashobora gushakisha amakuru yubucuruzi bwa Sudani uhitamo igihugu nigihe cyifuzwa kuri: https://comtrade.un.org/ 3. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): WITS ni porogaramu yatunganijwe na Banki y'Isi yemerera abayikoresha gushakisha ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga byinjira mu mbonerahamwe n'amakarita ya animasiyo cyangwa gukuramo imibare yuzuye kugira ngo babisesengure. Urashobora kugera kububiko bwabo uhitamo "Sudani" nkigihugu mugushakisha kururu rupapuro: https://wits.worldbank.org/ 4. Ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’ubucuruzi (ITC): ITC itanga ibikoresho byo gusesengura isoko harimo ibicuruzwa bishobora koherezwa mu mahanga, ibisobanuro ku isoko, hamwe n’ubushakashatsi bwihariye ku bicuruzwa bifasha ubucuruzi gufata ibyemezo byuzuye ku masoko mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rwabo rutanga uburyo butandukanye bujyanye nibikorwa byubucuruzi bwa Sudani kuri: https://www.intracen.org/marketanalysis Nyamuneka menya ko zimwe mururu rubuga zishobora gusaba kwiyandikisha cyangwa kwiyandikisha kugirango ubone amakuru arambuye cyangwa imibare imwe irenze amakuru yibanze aboneka kubuntu rusange.

B2b

Hano hari urubuga rwa B2B muri Sudani hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Sudani B2B Isoko - www.sudanb2bmarketplace.com Ihuriro rihuza abaguzi n’abagurisha mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo ubuhinzi, inganda, n’ubuvuzi. 2. SudanTradeNet - www.sudantradenet.com SudanTradeNet ni urubuga rwa interineti rworohereza ubucuruzi hagati yubucuruzi muri Sudani mugutanga uburyo bwo kwishyura bwizewe hamwe nubufasha bwibikoresho. 3. Urupapuro rwubucuruzi rwa Afrika - sudan.afribiz.info Urupapuro rwubucuruzi rwa Afrika nububiko bwuzuye bwubucuruzi muri Sudani. Itanga urubuga rwo guhuza B2B no kuzamura ubucuruzi. 4. UbucuruziBoss - www.tradeboss.com/sudan TradeBoss igamije guhuza ubucuruzi bwaho n’abafatanyabikorwa ku isi, butanga amahirwe y’ubucuruzi mu nzego nyinshi nkubwubatsi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, n’imyenda. 5. Afrikta - afrikta.com/sudan-ubuyobozi Afrikta itanga igitabo cy’amasosiyete akorera muri Sudani mu nganda zitandukanye nk'ubuhinzi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ingufu, ubukerarugendo, n'ikoranabuhanga. 6. eTender.gov.sd/en eTender ni urubuga rwemewe rwa leta rutanga amasoko n'amasoko agenewe ubucuruzi bushaka gutanga ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi mubigo bya leta muri Sudani. 7. Bizcommunity - www.bizcommunity.africa/sd/196.html Bizcommunity itanga amakuru ajyanye nibikorwa byubucuruzi ndetse nubuyobozi bwamasosiyete akorera mu nganda zigihugu. Nyamuneka menya ko amwe mumahuriro ashobora kuba yihariye uturere tumwe na tumwe cyangwa afite amaturo make mumwanya wa B2B muri Sudani. Birasabwa gushakisha buri rubuga kugiti cyawe kubindi bisobanuro kuri serivisi ziboneka batanga.
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