Ubucuruzi bwingenzi
Venezuwela ni igihugu giherereye ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru ya Amerika y'Epfo. Nubwo ibibazo by’ubukungu byifashe muri iki gihe, Venezuwela irashobora gutanga amahirwe akomeye yo gutanga amasoko ku bucuruzi bushaka kwagura isi yose. Iyi ngingo izagaragaza imiyoboro minini y’amasoko mpuzamahanga n’imurikagurisha muri Venezuwela.
1. Amasoko ya Guverinoma: Guverinoma ya Venezuela igira uruhare runini mu bukungu bw'igihugu kandi ni umwe mu bagura ibicuruzwa na serivisi. Guverinoma ikora buri gihe amasoko n’amasoko mu nzego zinyuranye, harimo iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo, ubuvuzi, ingufu, n’ubwikorezi. Abashoramari bashishikajwe no gutanga ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi kuri guverinoma ya Venezuwela barashobora gushakisha amahirwe binyuze ku mbuga zabo zitanga amasoko cyangwa mu gufatanya n’abafatanyabikorwa baho bamenyereye icyo gikorwa.
2. Inganda zikomoka kuri peteroli: Venezuwela ifite kimwe mu bubiko bunini bwa peteroli ku isi, bigatuma iba isoko ishimishije ku masosiyete agira uruhare mu gucukumbura peteroli, gukora, gutunganya, n’inganda zijyanye nayo. Ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bushobora gushaka ubufatanye n’isosiyete ikora peteroli ya leta PDVSA cyangwa abandi bakinnyi bikorera bakorera muri uru rwego.
3. Urwego rw'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro: Venezuwela ifite ubutunzi bukomeye nka zahabu, ubutare bw'icyuma, bauxite, amakara, diyama, n'ubutare budasanzwe bw'isi. Amasosiyete mpuzamahanga acukura amabuye y'agaciro arashobora gushakisha ubufatanye cyangwa amahirwe yo gushora imari muri uru rwego binyuze ku bufatanye n’amasosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa imiryango ya leta nka Mineria de Venezuela (Minerven).
4. Ubuhinzi: Ubuhinzi n’urwego rukomeye mu bukungu bwa Venezuela kubera uturere tw’ikirere dutandukanye dufasha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye by’ubuhinzi nkibishyimbo bya kawa (umwihariko wo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze), ibishyimbo bya kakao (kubyara shokora), imbuto (ibitoki & citrusi), imboga (inyanya) & pepper), ibisheke (umusaruro wa Ethanol), nibindi. Ubuhinzi mpuzamahanga bushobora gushyiraho ubufatanye n’amashyirahamwe y’abahinzi baho cyangwa kwitabira imurikagurisha / imurikagurisha ry’ubuhinzi ryabereye mu gihugu hose.
5.Inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa: Ibicuruzwa bisaba ko byongera gutunganywa byerekana indi nzira y’amasoko mpuzamahanga yo gutanga amasoko muri Venezuwela - ingero zirimo imashini zitunganya ibiribwa nibikoresho nkinganda zikora ingano / crushers / inganda za makaroni, imashini zipakira, ninganda zikora imiti. Abashoramari barashobora gushakisha ubufatanye n’amasosiyete asanzwe atunganya ibiribwa cyangwa kwishora mu butumwa bw’ubucuruzi n’imurikagurisha kugira ngo berekane ibicuruzwa byabo.
6.Imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha: Venezuwela yakiriye imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga n’imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga bikurura abitabiriye isi. Ingero zirimo EXPOMECHANICAL (imashini & tekinoloji), ExpoCumbre Inganda (iterambere ryinganda), ExpoConstrucción (ibikoresho byubwubatsi & ibikorwa remezo), ExpoVenezuela Potencia (kuzamura umusaruro wigihugu), nibindi. Kwitabira ibi birori bitanga urubuga kubucuruzi bwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa byabo, guhuza nabaguzi / abagurisha, kandi bakunguka ubumenyi bwisoko.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kubera ibibazo by’ubukungu bikomeje guhura na Venezuela, gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku isoko, kumva amabwiriza y’ibanze / kubahiriza amategeko, kubaka ubufatanye bukomeye bw’ibanze ni intambwe ikomeye mbere yo kwinjira mu masoko y’igihugu. Abashoramari bagomba kandi gukomeza kuba maso kubijyanye n’ivugurura rya politiki cyangwa ubukungu kuko rishobora kugira ingaruka ku bikorwa by’amasoko mpuzamahanga muri Venezuwela.
Imashini zishakisha
Muri Venezuwela, moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa cyane ni:
1. Google (www.google.co.ve): Google ni imwe muri moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa cyane ku isi kandi izwi cyane muri Venezuwela. Itanga ibisubizo byuzuye byubushakashatsi kandi itanga serivisi zitandukanye nko gushakisha paji zurubuga, amashusho, videwo, ingingo zamakuru, amakarita, nibindi byinshi.
2. Bing (www.bing.com): Bing ni indi moteri ishakisha izwi cyane muri Venezuwela. Itanga interineti ishimishije kandi itanga ibintu bisa na Google hamwe nishakisha ryurubuga, gushakisha amashusho, videwo, ingingo zamakuru, amakarita, nibindi.
3. DuckDuckGo (duckduckgo.com): DuckDuckGo ni moteri ishakisha ibanga ryibanga izwiho kudakurikirana amakuru bwite y’abakoresha cyangwa kubika ibyo bashakishije. Yamamaye mubakoresha bashaka ubuzima bwite kumurongo.
4. Yahoo (www.yahoo.com): Yahoo iracyafite isoko yizewe kubanya Venezuela benshi mugihe cyo gukora ubushakashatsi kuri enterineti. Itanga gushakisha muri rusange hamwe nizindi serivisi nkamakuru yamakuru na imeri.
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6.Imashini zishakisha mu karere: Hashobora kuba hari moteri zishakisha zishingiye mukarere cyangwa zaho muri Venezuela zita cyane cyane kubikenewe byaho; icyakora, ibi ntibikoreshwa cyane nkurubuga rwavuzwe haruguru.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko abanya Venezuela benshi bashobora kandi gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga nka Facebook cyangwa Twitter kugira ngo bakore ubushakashatsi bwihariye mu rusobe rw’inshuti cyangwa abayoboke aho kwishingikiriza gusa kuri moteri zishakisha zishingiye ku rubuga.
Nyamuneka menya ko gutondekanya imbuga zose ziboneka kuri buri mbuga zavuzwe zirenze ijambo ryatanzwe ntarengwa
Impapuro nini z'umuhondo
Venezuwela ni igihugu giherereye muri Amerika y'Epfo kandi impapuro zacyo z'umuhondo zigamije gufasha abaturage n'abacuruzi kubona amakuru y'itumanaho rya serivisi zitandukanye. Dore amwe mumapaji akomeye yumuhondo muri Venezuwela hamwe nurubuga rwabo:
1. Páginas Amarillas: Páginas Amarillas nimwe mububiko bukoreshwa cyane mumapaji yumuhondo muri Venezuwela, bukubiyemo ibyiciro byinshi byubucuruzi na serivisi. Urubuga rwabo ni www.pav.com.ve.
2. Tu Empresa en Línea: Ubu bubiko bwa interineti butanga urutonde rwuzuye kubucuruzi mu nzego zitandukanye, harimo ibisobanuro birambuye hamwe nibisobanuro byibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi zitangwa. Urashobora kwinjira kurubuga rwabo kuri www.tuempresaenlinea.com.
3. Clasificados El Universal: Nubwo atari serivisi yimpapuro z'umuhondo gusa, Clasificados El Universal itanga icyegeranyo kinini cyamamaza kiva mubucuruzi butandukanye hirya no hino muri Venezuwela, bigatuma kiba ibikoresho byingirakamaro kugirango tubone aho uhurira. Sura urubuga rwabo kuri clasificados.eluniversal.com.
4. Páginas Blancas Movistar: Movistar, umwe mu batanga itumanaho rinini muri Venezuwela, yakiriye igitabo cya terefone cyo kuri interineti cyitwa Páginas Blancas (Urupapuro rwera). Iyemerera abakoresha gushakisha nimero za terefone zo guturamo cyangwa iz'ubucuruzi ku rubuga rwabo - www.movistar.com/ve/paginas-blancas/.
5. Guía Telefónica Cantv: Cantv ni indi sosiyete ikomeye y'itumanaho muri Venezuwela itanga ububiko bwayo bwa terefone yo kuri interineti izwi ku izina rya Guía Telefónica (Ubuyobozi bwa Terefone). Urashobora kubona amakuru yo gutura hamwe nubucuruzi usura www.cantv.net/guia-telefonica/.
6. Paginaswebenvenezuela.net: paginaswebenvenezuela.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko mugihe ubu bubiko buri mumahitamo azwi cyane, hashobora kubaho izindi page zumuhondo zo mukarere cyangwa inganda ziboneka muri Venezuwela. Byongeye kandi, kuboneka no kumenya ukuri kwamakuru yatanzwe nububiko birashobora gutandukana, burigihe rero birasabwa kugenzura amakuru arambuye ukoresheje andi masoko yizewe mbere yo kubigeraho.
Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi
Venezuwela ifite urubuga rukomeye rwa e-ubucuruzi rukoreshwa cyane mu gihugu. Dore bimwe mubyingenzi hamwe nurubuga rwabo:
1. MercadoLibre (www.mercadolibre.com): MercadoLibre ni imwe mu mbuga za e-ubucuruzi ziza muri Amerika y'Epfo, harimo na Venezuwela. Itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi na serivisi, byemerera abantu nubucuruzi kugura no kugurisha kumurongo.
2. Linio (www.linio.com.
3. Tiendanube (www.tiendanube.com/venezuela): Tiendanube itanga igisubizo kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo n’ubucuruzi buciriritse bwo gukora amaduka yabo kuri interineti byoroshye. Itanga ibiranga nkuburyo bwo guhitamo, uburyo bwo kwishyura butekanye, nibikoresho byo kwamamaza.
4. Doto (www.doto.com): Doto ni isoko ryo kumurongo ryibanda ku guhuza abaguzi n’abagurisha baho muri Venezuwela. Iyemerera abakoresha gushakisha ibyiciro bitandukanye kugirango babone ibicuruzwa bakeneye.
5. Olx (www.olx.com/ve): Mugihe Olx izwi cyane nkurubuga rwashyizwe ku rutonde, ikubiyemo kandi e-ubucuruzi aho abantu bashobora kugura no kugurisha ibicuruzwa kumurongo.
6.Isoko rya Digitale ya Karacas (https://caracasdigitalmarket.net/) Isoko rya Digital Caracas rifite ubuhanga bwo kugurisha ibikoresho bya elegitoronike nka terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, televiziyo n'ibindi..Bitanga serivisi zizewe kubakiriya muri Caracas ariko bakora ibicuruzwa hirya no hino muri Venezuwela.
Izi ni zimwe mu mbuga zikomeye za e-ubucuruzi ziboneka muri Venezuwela aho ushobora gusanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi bitandukanye byoroshye binyuze kurubuga rwabo.
Imbuga nkoranyambaga
Hano hari imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane muri Venezuwela. Bemerera abantu guhuza, gusangira amakuru, no gukorana hagati yabo. Dore zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga nyamukuru muri Venezuwela hamwe na aderesi zabo:
1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Facebook ni imwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa cyane ku isi, harimo na Venezuwela. Iyemerera abakoresha gukora imyirondoro, gusangira inyandiko, amafoto, videwo, no guhuza inshuti nimiryango.
2. Instagram (www.instagram.com): Instagram ni ifoto nogusangira amashusho bifasha abakoresha gusangira ibihe mubuzima bwabo binyuze mumashusho cyangwa videwo ngufi. Yamamaye cyane muri Venezuwela.
3. Twitter (www.twitter.com): Twitter ni urubuga rwa mikorobe yemerera abakoresha kohereza ubutumwa bugufi bwitwa "tweet" kubayoboke babo. Abanya Venezuwela bakoresha Twitter kugirango bakomeze kugezwaho amakuru, imigendekere, no kuvugana nabandi ukoresheje hashtags.
4. Snapchat (www.
5. LinkedIn (www.
6. WhatsApp (www.whatsapp.com): Mugihe WhatsApp ari porogaramu yohererezanya ubutumwa yemerera abantu kohereza ubutumwa bugufi no guhamagara amajwi / amashusho; ikora kandi nkurubuga ruzwi cyane kubanya Venezuela kubera koroshya imikoreshereze ugereranije na serivise gakondo.
7.TikTok (https:
Izi ni zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi zikoreshwa muri Venezuwela; icyakora imikoreshereze irashobora gutandukana mubantu ukurikije ibyo ukunda ninyungu zawe.
Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda
Venezuwela, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Bolivariya ya Venezuela, ni igihugu giherereye ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru ya Amerika y'Epfo. Nubwo mu myaka yashize ihura n’ibibazo byinshi by’ubukungu na politiki, Venezuwela iracyafite amashyirahamwe menshi y’inganda afite uruhare runini mu gushyigikira no guteza imbere inzego zitandukanye z’ubukungu. Dore amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda muri Venezuwela hamwe nurubuga rwabo:
1. Fedecámaras (Ihuriro ry’ingereko z’ubucuruzi n’umusaruro wa Venezuela)
Urubuga: https://www.fedecamaras.org.ve/
2. Conindustria (Ihuriro ry’amashyirahamwe yinganda)
Urubuga: https://www.conindustria.org/
3. FAVEMPA (Federasiyo ya Micro yo muri Venezuwela, Ihuriro rito n'iciriritse)
Urubuga: http://favempa.net/
4. Fedeagro (Ihuriro ry’igihugu ry’abatunganya ubuhinzi)
Urubuga: http://www.fedeagro.org/
5. Consecomercio (Inama yigihugu ishinzwe ubucuruzi na serivisi)
Urubuga: https://consecomercio.org/en/urugo
6. Cavecol (Ishyirahamwe ryabatwara ibinyabiziga)
Urubuga: Nta rubuga rwemewe ruboneka
7. Asociación Bancaria de Venezuela (Ishyirahamwe ry’amabanki muri Venezuwela)
Urubuga: Nta rubuga rwemewe ruboneka
8. Cámara Petrolera de Venezuela (Urugereko rwa peteroli rwa Venezuwela)
Urubuga: Nta rubuga rwemewe ruboneka
9. ANDIVEN (Ishyirahamwe ryigihugu kubakora ibicuruzwa na Valve)
Urubuga; http://andiven.com
Nyamuneka menya ko amashyirahamwe amwe ashobora kuba adafite imbuga za interineti zabigenewe cyangwa kuba kuri interineti bishobora kuba bike kubera ibintu bitandukanye bijyanye nubukungu n’ubukungu byifashe muri Venezuwela.
Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi
Venezuwela izwiho umutungo kamere, cyane cyane peteroli na gaze karemano, bigira uruhare runini mu bukungu bwayo. Igihugu gifite imbuga nyinshi zubukungu nubucuruzi zitanga amakuru kubyerekeye ubucuruzi nubushoramari. Dore zimwe mu mbuga zikomeye zubukungu muri Venezuwela hamwe na URL zabo:
1. Minisiteri y’Ubukungu, Imari n’ingengo y’imari - Urubuga rwemewe rwa minisiteri y’ubukungu, imari n’ingengo y’imari ya guverinoma ya Venezuela: www.minfinanzas.gob.ve
2. Banco Central de Venezuela (Banki Nkuru ya Venezuela) - Itanga amakuru kuri politiki y’ifaranga, igipimo cy’ivunjisha, ibipimo by’ubukungu, imibare, n’amabwiriza y’imari: www.bcv.org.ve
3. Ministerio del Poder Icyamamare para el Comercio Exterior e Inversión Internacional (Minisiteri yubucuruzi n’ububanyi n’amahanga) - Itanga ibisobanuro birambuye bijyanye na politiki y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, kuzamura ibikorwa byoherezwa mu mahanga / ibyoherezwa mu mahanga: www.comercioexterior.gob.ve
4. Consejo Nacional de Promoción de Inversiones (Inama y’igihugu ishinzwe guteza imbere ishoramari) - Yibanze ku gukurura ishoramari ritaziguye ry’amahanga (FDI) itanga serivisi zunganira: www.conapri.org
5. Corporación Venezolana de Comercio Exterior S.A.
6. Consejo Nacional del Comercio y los Servicios (Inama yigihugu ishinzwe ubucuruzi na serivisi) - Itanga amakuru ajyanye nubucuruzi ajyanye nubucuruzi hamwe nibisobanuro bijyanye namategeko / amabwiriza yerekeye ubucuruzi: www.cncs.go.cr.
7.Cámara Venezolano-Turca (Urugaga rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Venezuwela-Turukiya) - Yorohereza itumanaho ry’ibihugu byombi hagati y’ubucuruzi muri Venezuwela na Turukiya kugira ngo biteze imbere ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi / ishoramari: http://www.camaturca.org.
Uru rubuga rugomba kuguha amakuru yuzuye kubintu bitandukanye bijyanye nubukungu nubucuruzi muri Venezuwela. Nyamuneka menya ko kuboneka kururu rubuga bishobora gutandukana, urebye uko ubukungu bwifashe muri iki gihe.
Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga
Hano hari imbuga za interineti ziperereza zijyanye na Venezuela. Nyamuneka shakisha URL zikurikira:
1. Ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’ubucuruzi (ITC): Uru rubuga rutanga imibare y’ubucuruzi n’isesengura ryuzuye kuri Venezuwela, harimo ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, amahoro, hamwe n’isoko. Urashobora kubona amakuru kuri https://www.trademap.org/Bibiri_TS.aspx?nvpm=1|862||201|||| VENEZUELA.
2. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): WITS itanga urubuga rwo kubaza ubucuruzi bwibicuruzwa n’amakuru y’ibiciro ku bihugu byinshi, harimo na Venezuwela. Mugusura http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/VEN/, urashobora gushakisha amakuru atandukanye ajyanye nubucuruzi nkabafatanyabikorwa mubucuruzi, ibyiciro byibicuruzwa, nibiciro.
3. Ububikoshingiro bw’umuryango w’abibumbye: Ububiko bw’umuryango w’abibumbye ni ububiko bwagutse bw’amakuru mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi atangwa n’ibihugu bitandukanye ku isi. Urashobora kubona amakuru arambuye kubyerekeye ubucuruzi bwa Venezuela ukoresheje https://comtrade.un.org/data/ munsi y "Igice".
4. Observatoire yubukungu bugoye (OEC): OEC itanga ubumenyi bwingenzi mubyoherezwa muri Venezuela no gutumiza mu mahanga hamwe n’ingamba zinyuranye z’ibicuruzwa binyuze mu mbuga zorohereza abakoresha kuri https://oec.world/en/profile/country/ven/.
5. Global Edge: Global Edge itanga ishusho rusange yerekana ibipimo byubukungu bwa Venezuela, harimo imikorere yoherezwa mu mahanga n’inganda ndetse n’ibisobanuro by’abafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi. Urubuga ruraboneka kuri https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/venezuela/tradestats.
Izi mbuga zitanga isoko yizewe yo gucukumbura amakuru yubucuruzi ya Venezuela byimbitse ukurikije ibyo usabwa cyangwa inyungu zawe mubikorwa byubukungu bwigihugu.
B2b
Hano hari V2B nyinshi ziboneka muri Venezuwela, aho ubucuruzi bushobora guhuza no kwishora mubikorwa bitandukanye byubucuruzi. Hano hari amwe mumahuriro akomeye ya B2B muri Venezuwela hamwe nurubuga rwabo:
1. Alibaba.com (www.alibaba.com): Alibaba ni urubuga ruzwi cyane ku isi rworohereza ubucuruzi bwa B2B hagati y'abaguzi n'abagurisha baturutse ku isi. Itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi, birimo imashini, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imyenda, nibindi byinshi.
2. MercadoLibre (www.mercadolibre.com): MercadoLibre ni imwe mu mbuga nini za e-ubucuruzi muri Amerika y'Epfo kandi ikora nk'isoko rya B2B muri Venezuwela. Iremera ubucuruzi gutondekanya ibicuruzwa na serivisi bigurishwa mubindi bigo.
3. Inganda (www.industrynet.com): Inganda ni isoko ryinganda kumurongo uhuza abaguzi nabatanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Abashoramari barashobora kubona ababikora, abakwirakwiza, abatanga serivise, nibindi bikoresho byihariye byinganda kururu rubuga.
4. TradeKey (www.tradekey.com): TradeKey nisoko rya B2B kwisi yose ifasha ubucuruzi guhuza nabaguzi mpuzamahanga nabatanga ibicuruzwa mubikorwa bitandukanye. Itanga amahirwe ku masosiyete yo muri Venezuwela yo kwagura ibikorwa byayo kurenga imipaka y’imbere.
5. BizVibe (www.
6.Plaza Virtual Empresarial de Carabobo (https: //aplicaciones.carabobo.gob..ve/PlazaVirtualEmpresarial/pages/catalogo.jsf): Ubuyobozi bwa Plaza Virtual Empresarial de Carabobo nubuyobozi bwubucuruzi kumurongo kuri leta ya Carabobo. Venezuwela ibemerera kwerekana ibicuruzwa byabo cyangwa serivisi kubashobora kuba abakiriya haba mu karere ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kubera ihinduka ryihuse ryimiterere yubucuruzi bwa digitale kuboneka bishobora gutandukana mugihe. Kubwibyo, birasabwa gukora ubundi bushakashatsi cyangwa kugisha inama amashyirahamwe yubucuruzi yaho kugirango amakuru agezweho ku mbuga za B2B muri Venezuwela.