Ubucuruzi bwingenzi
Ubugereki n'igihugu gikungahaye ku mateka, umuco, n'ubwiza nyaburanga. Mu myaka yashize, yanabaye ahantu nyaburanga mu bucuruzi n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Abaguzi benshi bakomeye mpuzamahanga bareba Ubugereki gushaka ibicuruzwa bitandukanye no gushyiraho ubufatanye. Byongeye kandi, igihugu cyakira imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha byinshi byingenzi nkurubuga rwiza rwo guhuza abaguzi n’abagurisha.
Imwe mu nganda zingenzi mu Bugereki ni ubukerarugendo. Igihugu gikurura ba mukerarugendo babarirwa muri za miriyoni buri mwaka, bigatuma hakenerwa ibicuruzwa bijyanye no kwakira abashyitsi, nk'ibikoresho bya hoteri, ibikoresho byo mu nzu, ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, ubwiherero, n'ibindi. Abaguzi mpuzamahanga muri uyu murenge bakunze gushakisha isoko ry’imbere mu Bugereki cyangwa bagafatanya n’abatanga isoko kugira ngo bahure ibyo basabwa.
Urundi ruganda rukomeye mu Bugereki ni ubuhinzi. Ubutaka burumbuka bwubugereki butanga umusaruro wimbuto nziza, imboga, amavuta ya elayo, vino, ibikomoka kumata, nibindi, bishakishwa nabaguzi kwisi. Abaguzi mpuzamahanga bakunze gukorana namakoperative yubuhinzi yubugereki cyangwa abahinzi kugiti cyabo kugura ibyo bicuruzwa.
Ubugereki nabwo bufite urwego rukungahaye ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Itanga amabuye y'agaciro nka bauxite (ubutare bwa aluminium), inzoga za nikel (zikoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma bitagira umwanda), amabuye y'agaciro mu nganda (urugero, bentonite), igiteranyo cya hekeste (ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi), amabuye ya marimari / ibisate / amabati (marble izwi cyane mu Bugereki) , nibindi. Ibikoresho bikurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka abatanga ibikoresho byizewe.
Byongeye kandi, Ubugereki bufite inganda zo mu mazi zateye imbere kubera aho ziherereye ndetse n’ibyambu byinshi. Amasosiyete mpuzamahanga yubaka ubwato akunze gufatanya nubwubatsi bwubwato bwubugereki kubaka ubwato cyangwa kubona ibikoresho byo mumazi bikenewe mubikorwa byabo.
Ku bijyanye n’imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha ryabereye mu Bugereki:
1.
2) Philoxenia: Ni imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry'ubukerarugendo ribera i Tesalonike kandi ryibanda ku kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa na serivisi bijyanye n'ubukerarugendo, birimo amahoteri, ibigo by'ingendo, indege, abakora ingendo, n'ibindi.
3) Imurikagurisha ryibiribwa Ubugereki: Iri murika ryubucuruzi ryabereye muri Atenayi ryerekana ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa by’Abagereki. Ikurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashishikajwe no kubona ibiribwa byiza byo mu Bugereki.
4) Posidoniya: Azwi nk'ibikorwa byo mu nyanja bizwi cyane ku isi, Posidoniya yakiriye amasosiyete atandukanye akorera mu nzego zitandukanye mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bwo gutwara abantu. Abaguzi muri uyu murenge basuye ubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga ryubaka ubwato, ibikoresho byo mu nyanja, abatanga ibikoresho byabigenewe, nibindi.
5) AgroThessaly: Bibera mu mujyi wa Larissa (hagati mu Bugereki), iri murika ryibanda ku buhinzi / gutunganya ibiribwa / ubworozi / guhanga udushya. Abaguzi bombi b'Abagereki ndetse n’amahanga bashishikajwe no gushakisha iyi mirenge mu gihe cya AgroThessaly.
Izi ni ingero nke gusa zingenzi zingenzi ziterambere ryabaguzi mpuzamahanga nubucuruzi byerekana ko Ubugereki butanga. Umutungo ukungahaye mu gihugu n'inganda zinyuranye bituma uba ahantu heza ku baguzi ku isi bashaka ibicuruzwa byiza cyangwa gushaka amahirwe yo gufatanya.
Imashini zishakisha
Mu Bugereki, moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa cyane ni:
1. Google (https://www.google.gr): Google niyo moteri ishakisha izwi cyane ku isi, harimo no mu Bugereki. Itanga ibisubizo byuzuye byubushakashatsi, urupapuro rwurubuga, amashusho, ingingo zamakuru, amakarita, nibindi byinshi.
2. Bing (https://www.bing.com): Bing niyindi moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane itanga imikorere isa na Google. Itanga gushakisha kurubuga kimwe no gushakisha amashusho.
3. Yahoo (https://www.yahoo.gr): Yahoo ni moteri ishakisha izwi cyane ifite ibintu bitandukanye birimo gushakisha kurubuga hamwe namakuru yamakuru. Nubwo idashobora gukoreshwa cyane nka Google cyangwa Bing mu Bugereki, iracyafite ishingiro ryabakoresha.
4. DuckDuckGo (https://duckduckgo.com): DuckDuckGo yihagararaho mu zindi moteri zishakisha yibanda ku buzima bwite bw'abakoresha. Ntabwo ikusanya amakuru yihariye cyangwa ikurikirana ibikorwa byabakoresha kumurongo.
5. Yandex (https://yandex.
Izi nimwe mumoteri ishakisha ikoreshwa mubugereki; hashobora kubaho abandi baboneka kimwe bitewe nibyifuzo byawe bwite nibikenewe byihariye.
Impapuro nini z'umuhondo
Mu Bugereki, urubuga nyamukuru rwurupapuro rwumuhondo ni:
1. Urupapuro rwumuhondo Ubugereki - Urupapuro rwemewe rwumuhondo ububiko bwubucuruzi na serivisi mubugereki. Itanga urutonde rwuzuye rwibikorwa byashyizwe mu nganda n’ahantu.
Urubuga: www.urubuga.gr
2. 11880 - Itanga ububiko bwa interineti bwubucuruzi na serivisi mubugereki. Abakoresha barashobora gushakisha ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi byihariye, kubona amakuru arambuye, no kubona abakiriya.
Urubuga: www.11880.com
3. Xo.gr - Ubucuruzi buzwi cyane kumurongo wubucuruzi butuma abakoresha bashakisha ibyiciro bitandukanye nka resitora, amahoteri, abaganga, abanyamategeko, nibindi byinshi.
Urubuga: www.xo.gr
4. Allbiz - Ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bukubiyemo urutonde rwamasosiyete yubugereki atanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi zitandukanye. Abakoresha barashobora gushakisha ukurikije icyiciro cyangwa izina ryisosiyete.
Urubuga: greece.all.biz/en/
5. Umufatanyabikorwa wubucuruzi - Ipaji yumuhondo igenewe cyane cyane abanyamwuga b'Abagereki bashaka imikoranire cyangwa abatanga ibicuruzwa mu gihugu.
Urubuga: www.businesspartner.gr
6. YouGoVista - Ubu bubiko bwo kumurongo butanga amakuru kubyerekeranye nubucuruzi bwaho mubugereki nka resitora, amahoteri, amaduka, ibigo nderabuzima, nibindi, hamwe nibisobanuro byabakoresha.
Urubuga: www.yougovista.com
7. Ubuyobozi bwa Hellas - Gutangaza urutonde rwububiko bwacapwe kuva mu myaka ya za 90 harimo impapuro zera zo guturamo ndetse nu rupapuro rwumuhondo rwubucuruzi rushingiye ku turere two mu Bugereki.
Nyamuneka menya ko izi ari zimwe mu mpapuro zingenzi z'umuhondo ububiko buboneka mu Bugereki; icyakora, hashobora kubaho ubundi buyobozi bwakarere cyangwa bwihariye bwaboneka kimwe ukurikije ibyo ukeneye cyangwa aho uri mugihugu
Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi
Ubugereki, igihugu cy’amajyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw’Uburayi buzwiho amateka akungahaye ndetse n’ahantu heza nyaburanga, gifite urubuga runini rwa e-ubucuruzi rwita ku byo abaturage bakeneye bakeneye. Bimwe mubikorwa byibanze bya e-ubucuruzi mubugereki ni:
1. Skroutz.gr (https://www.skroutz.gr/): Skroutz ni rumwe mu mbuga za interineti zizwi cyane zo kugereranya ibiciro mu Bugereki. Iyemerera abaguzi kugereranya ibiciro no gusuzuma ibicuruzwa kubacuruzi benshi kumurongo.
2. Rusange.gr (https://www.public.gr/): Rusange ni umucuruzi uzwi cyane wo mu Bugereki ucuruza kumurongo utanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibitabo, ibikinisho, ibikoresho by'imyambarire, nibindi byinshi.
3. Plaisio.gr (https:
4. e-shop.gr (https://www.e-shop.gr/): e-iduka itanga amahitamo atandukanye yibicuruzwa bijyanye na tekinoroji nka mudasobwa, periferiya, kamera, telefone zigendanwa ziva mubirango bitandukanye.
5. InSpot (http://enspot.in/) - InSpot ni isoko ryo kumurongo ryibanda cyane cyane kumyambarire yimyambarire kubagabo nabagore harimo ibikoresho byinkweto zinkweto.
6.Jumbo (https:
7.Isoko ryububiko (https://warehousebazaar.co.uk) - Ububiko bwa Bazaar ni iduka rya interineti ryihariye ku myambarire igezweho ku bagore b’abagore bombi hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byo mu rugo byuburanga
Izi ni zimwe mu ngero zikomeye; hashobora kuba hari izindi mbuga ntoya cyangwa urubuga rwihariye rwujuje ibyiciro byibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi mu bucuruzi bw’Ubugereki.
Imbuga nkoranyambaga
Ubugereki, igihugu cyiza giherereye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw’Uburayi, gifite imbuga nkoranyambaga. Hano hari imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane mu Bugereki hamwe n'imbuga zabo:
1. Facebook (https://www.facebook.com) - Facebook ikoreshwa cyane mubugereki muguhuza inshuti nimiryango, gusangira ibishya, amafoto, na videwo.
2. Instagram (https://www.instagram.com) - Instagram imaze kumenyekana cyane mu Bugereki mu myaka yashize. Abantu barayikoresha kugirango basangire amafoto na videwo biboneka mubyababayeho.
3. Twitter (https://twitter.com) - Twitter ni urundi rubuga ruzwi cyane rukoreshwa n'Abagereki mu gusangira ibitekerezo, kuvugurura amakuru, no kujya mu biganiro ku ngingo zitandukanye.
4. LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com) - LinkedIn ikoreshwa cyane nababigize umwuga bo mu Bugereki muguhuza no gushaka akazi.
5. YouTube (https://www.youtube.com) - YouTube yamenyekanye cyane kwisi yose kandi Ubugereki nabwo ntibusanzwe. Abagereki bakora ibintu byubugereki bakoresha urubuga kugirango basangire amashusho kumutwe utandukanye harimo umuziki, ingendo za vlogs, inyigisho zubwiza, nibindi.
6. TikTok (https://www.tiktok.com/en/) - TikTok yamenyekanye cyane ku isi hose harimo n'Ubugereki kuva yatangizwa. Abakoresha bakora videwo ngufi zishimishije muburyo butandukanye nkibishushanyo bisetsa cyangwa ibikorwa byo guhuza iminwa.
7. Snapchat (https://www.snapchat.com) - Snapchat nayo ikoreshwa mubakoresha Ubugereki mugusangira amafoto yihuta / amashusho abura nyuma yigihe gito.
8.Ibyifuzo (https: // www.p Interest .com) - Pinterest ikora nk'urubuga rutera inkunga Abagereki aho bashobora kuvumbura ibitekerezo bihanga bijyanye nimyambarire,
ibishushanyo mbonera byimodoka kuva kwisi yose
9.Reddit (https: // www.reddit .com) - Reddit igera mu gice cy’Abagereki bafite ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga aho bungurana ibitekerezo binyuze mu mahuriro yitwa "subreddits"; izi subreddits zikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bijyanye ninyungu zitandukanye.
Izi ni imbuga nkoranyambaga nke zizwi cyane mu Bugereki. Twabibutsa ko gukundwa kwimbuga nkoranyambaga bishobora gutandukana ku bantu no mu kigero cy’imyaka, bityo hakaba hari nandi masoko menshi ashingiye ku mbuga zikoreshwa n’imiryango runaka cyangwa inyungu mu Bugereki.
Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda
Ubugereki bufite amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda zihagarariye inzego zitandukanye. Dore amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda mubugereki hamwe nurubuga rwabo:
1. Ihuriro ry’Abagiriki n’Ubucuruzi no kwihangira imirimo (ESEE) - ESEE ihagarariye inyungu z’ubucuruzi bw’Abagereki no kwihangira imirimo.
Urubuga: http://www.esee.gr/
2. Ihuriro ry’inganda z’Abagereki (SEV) - SEV ni ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi rikomeye rihagarariye inganda zikomeye mu Bugereki.
Urubuga: https://www.sev.org.gr/en/
3. Ishyirahamwe ryubukerarugendo bwubugereki (SETE) - SETE numuryango wingenzi uteza imbere kandi utera inkunga ubukerarugendo bwubugereki.
Urubuga: https://sete.gr/en/
4. Ishyirahamwe rya Banki ya Hellenic (HBA) - HBA ihagarariye ibigo by’amabanki yo mu Bugereki kandi ikora mu guteza imbere inyungu z’urwego rw’amabanki.
Urubuga: http://www.hba.gr/eng_index.asp
5. Ishyirahamwe ryohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga (PSE) - PSE ni ishyirahamwe rishyigikira kandi riteza imbere abohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu Bugereki ku masoko mpuzamahanga.
Urubuga: https://www.pse-abatumiza.gr/en/index.php
6. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Atenayi (ACCI) - ACCI ikora nk'urubuga rwo guteza imbere ubucuruzi, itanga inkunga ku masosiyete akorera muri Atenayi.
Urubuga: https://en.acci.gr/
7. Ihuriro ry’inganda mu Bugereki bw’Amajyaruguru (SBBE) - SBBE ihagarariye inganda zikora zishingiye mu Bugereki bw’Amajyaruguru, zunganira inyungu zabo ku rwego rw’akarere.
Urubuga: http://sbbe.org/main/homepage.aspx?lang=en
8. Panhellenic Association for Technology Technology & Itumanaho (SEPE) - SEPE ikora mu guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’itumanaho n’itumanaho, bugamije gushimangira urwego rw’ubukungu bw’Ubugereki.
Urubuga: http://sepeproodos-12o.blogspot.com/p/sepe.html
9. Ihuriro ry’amakoperative y’ubuhinzi (MARKOPOLIS) - MARKOPOLIS ikora nk'urubuga rw’amakoperative y’ubuhinzi mu Bugereki, itanga inkunga ku bahinzi no guteza imbere inyungu zabo.
Urubuga: http://www.markopolis.gr/en/urugo
Aya mashyirahamwe afite uruhare runini mu guhagararira inyungu z’inganda no gushyigikira iterambere ryabo n’iterambere mu Bugereki. Nyamuneka menya ko urutonde rutuzuye, kandi hashobora kubaho andi mashyirahamwe yinganda yihariye mumirenge cyangwa uturere tumwe na tumwe mubugereki.
Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi
Hariho imbuga nyinshi zubukungu nubucuruzi mubugereki zitanga amakuru kumirenge itandukanye yubukungu bwigihugu. Dore ingero nke hamwe na aderesi zabo kurubuga:
1. Ikigo cy’ibarurishamibare cya Hellenic (ELSTAT) - Ikigo cy’ibarurishamibare cyemewe cy’Ubugereki, gitanga amakuru ku bipimo bitandukanye by’ubukungu.
Urubuga: www.statistics.gr
2. Minisiteri y'Ubukungu n'Iterambere - Urubuga rwemewe rwa Minisiteri y'Ubugereki ishinzwe guteza imbere ubukungu n'iterambere.
Urubuga: www.mindigital.gr
3. Enterprises Ubugereki - Ikigo cya leta gishinzwe gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga no guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu Bugereki ku isi.
Urubuga: www.enterprisegreece.gov.gr
4. Isoko ryimigabane rya Atenayi (ATHEX) - Ivunjisha nyamukuru mu Bugereki, ritanga amakuru kubigega, ibipimo, nibikorwa byubucuruzi.
Urubuga: www.helex.gr
5. Ihuriro ry’inganda zo mu majyaruguru y’Ubugereki (FING) - Ihuriro ry’inganda zo mu karere zihagarariye ibigo mu Bugereki bw’Amajyaruguru.
Urubuga: www.sbbhe.gr
6. Ishyirahamwe ryohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bugereki (SEVE) - Ihagarariye ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bugereki mu nganda zitandukanye kandi bitanga umutungo mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
Urubuga: www.seve.gr
7. Ihuriro ry’inganda zikora ibiribwa (SEVT) - Umuryango udaharanira inyungu uhagarariye inyungu z’inganda z’ibiribwa mu Bugereki ku rwego rw’igihugu ndetse n’amahanga.
Urubuga: www.sevt.gr
8. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi n’inganda rwa Piraeus (PCCI) - Itanga inkunga na serivisi ku bucuruzi bushingiye kuri Piraeus harimo amakuru ajyanye n’ubucuruzi.
Urubuga: www.pi.chamberofpiraeus.unhcr.or.jp
Izi mbuga zirashobora gutanga ubumenyi bwingenzi mubukungu bwubugereki, amahirwe yubucuruzi, amahirwe yishoramari, imibare yisoko, amakuru yihariye yumurenge, ndetse no kugera kumashyirahamwe yubucuruzi cyangwa inzego za leta zijyanye nubucuruzi nubucuruzi mubugereki.
Nyamuneka menya ko URL zurubuga zishobora guhinduka mugihe; birasabwa rero gushakisha mu buryo butaziguye ukoresheje moteri ishakisha ukoresheje amazina y’imiryango cyangwa ijambo ryibanze bijyanye nubukungu nubucuruzi bwUbugereki.
Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga
Hano hari imbuga nyinshi zubucuruzi bwibibazo byubugereki ushobora kubona kugirango ubone amakuru kubyerekeye imibare yubucuruzi bwigihugu. Dore zimwe mu mbuga hamwe na URL zabo:
1. Ikigo gishinzwe ibarurishamibare cya Hellenic (ELSTAT):
Urubuga: https://www.statistics.gr/en/urugo
2. Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare mu Bugereki:
Urubuga: https://www.statistics.gr/portal/page/portal/ESYE
3. Banki y'Isi - Umwirondoro w’igihugu mu Bugereki:
Urubuga: https://databank.worldbank.org/source/greece-igihugu-profile
4. Eurostat - Komisiyo y’Uburayi:
Urubuga: https://ec.europa.eu/urubuga
5. Ububikoshingiro bw’umuryango w’abibumbye - Ubugereki:
Urubuga: http://comtrade.un.org/data/
Izi mbuga zitanga amakuru yuzuye kandi agezweho yubucuruzi, harimo ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, amafaranga yishyuwe, hamwe n’indi mibare ijyanye n’ubukungu bw’Ubugereki.
Nyamuneka menya ko kuboneka no kumenya ukuri kwamakuru bishobora gutandukana muribi bibuga, bityo rero ni byiza guhuza amakuru aturuka ahantu henshi mugihe ukora ubushakashatsi cyangwa isesengura rirambuye ku bucuruzi bw’Ubugereki.
B2b
Mu Bugereki, hari urubuga rwa B2B rwinshi ubucuruzi bushobora gukoresha mu guhuza, gucuruza, no gufatanya. Dore zimwe mu mbuga za B2B zizwi cyane mu Bugereki hamwe n'imbuga zabo:
1. cyamunara:
- Urubuga: https://www.e-auction.gr/
- Uru rubuga ni isoko ryo kumurongo aho abaguzi biyandikishije bashobora kwitabira cyamunara kugirango bagure ibicuruzwa na serivisi.
2. Abagereki bohereza ibicuruzwa hanze:
- Urubuga: https://www.greekexporters.gr/
- Abagereki bohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bugereki bakora nk'ubuyobozi bwuzuye ku bakora inganda, abatanga ibicuruzwa, n'abatanga serivisi bafunguye ubufatanye ku bucuruzi ku isi.
3. Bizness.gr:
- Urubuga: https://bizness.gr/
- Bizness.gr itanga urubuga rwubucuruzi mu Bugereki kugirango berekane ibicuruzwa na serivisi mugihe bahuza nabafatanyabikorwa cyangwa abakiriya haba mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga.
4. Urubuga rwubucuruzi rwa Hellas (HBN):
- Urubuga: http://www.hbnetwork.eu/
- HBN ni umuyoboro wubucuruzi kumurongo worohereza umubano hagati ya ba rwiyemezamirimo b'Abagereki imbere mu gihugu kimwe n'abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga binyuze mu birori, ihuriro, n'amahirwe yo gukorana.
5. Ihuriro ryamasoko yinzego za leta yubugereki (diavgeia):
- Urubuga: https://www.diavgeia.gov.gr/en/web/guest/urugo
- Diavgeia ni urubuga rwa e-amasoko akoreshwa n’inzego za Leta z’Ubugereki mu mucyo mu bikorwa byo gutanga amasoko ya Leta, bitanga umuyoboro w’ubucuruzi kugera ku masoko ya leta no kugira uruhare mu gupiganira amasoko.
6. Ihuriro ry’Abagiriki (SEV) B2B Ihuriro:
- Urubuga: http://kpa.org.gr/en/b2b-ibikorwa
- Ihuriro rya SEV B2B ryibanda ku korohereza ubufatanye hagati y’amasosiyete y’abanyamuryango b’ishyirahamwe ry’imishinga ya Hellenic (SEV), rigamije guteza imbere imikoranire hagati y’ibidukikije by’ubucuruzi.
Izi porogaramu zitanga amahirwe atandukanye kubucuruzi bwo guhuza nabafatanyabikorwa, gushakisha uburyo bushoboka mubucuruzi, no kwishora mubikorwa bya B2B mubikorwa bitandukanye. Nibyiza gusura urubuga rwa buri rubuga kugirango ubone ibisobanuro birambuye kuri serivisi zabo nuburyo bashobora gushyigikira ibikorwa byawe byihariye.