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Incamake y'igihugu
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Iterambere ryisoko
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Basabwe ibikoresho
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Malawi, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Malawi, ni igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Ihuza imbibi na Mozambike mu burasirazuba no mu majyepfo, Tanzaniya mu majyaruguru no mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba, na Zambiya mu burengerazuba. Umurwa mukuru wa Malawi ni Lilongwe. Ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 118.484, Malawi ni igihugu gito gituwe n'abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 18. Ururimi rwemewe ruvugwa muri Malawi ni Icyongereza; icyakora, Chichewa ivugwa cyane nabenshi mubayituye. Nubwo ari kimwe mu bihugu bitaratera imbere muri Afurika, Malawi ifite ibyiza nyaburanga bitangaje. Ikiyaga cya Malawi cyiganjemo igice kinini cy’umupaka w’iburasirazuba kandi gifite hafi kimwe cya gatanu cy’ubuso bw’igihugu. Ikiyaga cya Malawi kizwiho amazi meza asukuye hamwe n’umusenyi wumusenyi, kiratanga amahirwe yo koga, guswera, no kuroba. Ubuhinzi bugize umusingi wubukungu bwa Malawi hamwe nakazi karenga 80% muriki gice. Abahinzi bato bato bahinga cyane cyane ibigori (ibigori), itabi (ibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze), icyayi, ibisheke, ipamba, n'imbuto zitandukanye nk'imineke n'imyembe. Umuco wo muri Malawi watewe cyane n'imigenzo gakondo ihujwe n'umurage w'abakoloni. Imbyino gakondo nka Gule Wamkulu (Imbyino nini) zikorwa mugihe kidasanzwe gikora ibikorwa byo kubungabunga umuco ndetse no kwidagadura kubaturage ndetse na ba mukerarugendo kimwe. Abanya Malawi bazwiho ubwuzu n'ubucuti ku bashyitsi. Ba mukerarugendo barashobora gukora ubushakashatsi kuri parike nkuru nka Liwonde National Park cyangwa Nyika Plateau aho bashobora kubona inyamanswa zitandukanye zirimo inzovu, imvubu, intare zebras, ingona nizindi- bikaba byiza kubakunda inyamanswa. Mu gihe bahuye n’ibibazo nk’ubukene, inzara, no kubona ubuvuzi buke, Abanya Malawi bashyize ingufu mu iterambere. Guverinoma yashyize mu bikorwa politiki yibanda ku burezi, imibereho myiza y’abaturage, ndetse no guteza imbere ubukungu. Nubwo ibibazo byayo, Malawi ikomeje gutanga ingendo zidasanzwe uburambe hamwe nabantu bayo bafite umutima ususurutse nubwiza nyaburanga butangaje.

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, gikoresha kwacha ya Malawi nkifaranga ryemewe. Ikimenyetso cya Malawian kwacha ni MWK, kandi muri make ni MK. Umubare w'inoti zikwirakwizwa urimo inoti 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, na 1.000 za Kwacha. Inoti zerekana imibare igaragara mu mateka ya Malawi n'ibimenyetso bitandukanye by'umuco. Indangagaciro zanditswe mubare no mumagambo kuri inoti kugirango wirinde urujijo. Kubijyanye n'ibiceri, hariho amadini ya 1 Kwacha n'ayandi mato nka tambala 5 cyangwa rimwe na rimwe bita amafaranga. Ariko, kubera igitutu cy’ifaranga mu myaka yashize mu bukungu bwa Malawi, ibiceri ntibyabaye bike mu bucuruzi bwa buri munsi. Banki nkuru y’igihugu ya Malawi ishinzwe gutanga no kugenzura amafaranga mu gihugu. Iremeza ko gutanga amafaranga ahagije bikomeza kugira ngo ibikorwa byubukungu bigende neza. Igipimo cy’ivunjisha kigena agaciro kifaranga rimwe n’indi ku isi. Kubwibyo, agaciro kacha ya Malawiya karashobora gutandukana bitewe nigipimo cyivunjisha hamwe nandi mafaranga nkamadorari yAmerika cyangwa Euro. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko gutwara amafaranga bidashobora guhorana umutekano cyangwa byoroshye mugihe ugenda unyura mu turere tumwe na tumwe MlTHMu rwego kugirango tC ikure amafaranga muri ATMsCH WIoCHIkarita yinguzanyo mpuzamahanga irashobora kuba accTervices iboneka ca'THEMvices hirya no hino> Imijyi minini cyangwa touriOVisa CHfor youChouWithinconCHrency Exchange sYO itanga uburyo bwiza bwo kuvunja neza. igipimo ugereranijeKugabanya cyane XX yingendo zose mbere yo gutembera + ticrrencBurwego rutandukanyeTRAEGaseraursate.ibintu bizenguruka bereumerecreasely availernbishobora kuvamoCresCVitxploraWVLEScurrency situation dis88ae / 6qcua / en / on? p = video.

Ifaranga ryemewe rya Malawi ni Malawi Kwacha (MWK). Kubijyanye n’igipimo cy’ivunjisha ugereranije n’amafaranga akomeye ku isi, nyamuneka menya ko bishobora guhinduka kandi birashobora gutandukana bitewe nimpamvu zitandukanye. Dore ibigereranyo bitarenze guhera mu Gushyingo 2021: - 1 US $ (USD) ≈ 808 Kwachas ya Malawi - 1 Euro (EUR) ≈ 900 Kwachas ya Malawi - 1 Pound y'Abongereza (GBP) ≈ 1,015 Kwachas ya Malawi - 1 Amadolari y'Abanyakanada (CAD) ≈ 628 Kwachas ya Malawi - Amadolari 1 ya Australiya (AUD) ≈ 574 Kwachas ya Malawi Nyamuneka uzirikane ko ibi biciro bishobora guhinduka cyane, bityo rero birasabwa buri gihe kugenzura hamwe ninkomoko yizewe cyangwa ikigo cyimari cyibanze kugirango ibiciro byivunjisha bigezweho kandi neza.

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, cyizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi ikomeye mu mwaka. Dore iminsi mikuru ikomeye muri Malawi: 1. Umunsi wubwigenge: Bizihijwe ku ya 6 Nyakanga, uyu munsi wibukije ubwigenge bwa Malawi ku butegetsi bw’abakoloni bw’Abongereza mu 1964. Igihugu cyunze ubumwe kugira ngo cyubahirize umudendezo wacyo hamwe na parade, ibitaramo by’umuco, ndetse n’umuriro. 2. Umunsi wa Repubulika: Bikorwa buri mwaka no ku ya 6 Nyakanga, Umunsi wa Repubulika wizihizaga ko Malawi ari repubulika mu 1966. Muri ibyo birori harimo imihango n'ibirori byerekana ibyagezweho n'iterambere igihugu cyagezeho. 3. Umunsi wa Kamuzu: Ku ya 14 Gicurasi, Abanya Malawi bunamiye Perezida wabo wa mbere Dr Hastings Kamuzu Banda (1906-1997) wagize uruhare runini mu kuyobora igihugu mu bwigenge n'iterambere ryakurikiyeho. 4. Noheri: Kimwe n'ibihugu byinshi ku isi, Noheri ni umunsi mukuru w'ingenzi wizihizwa ku ya 25 Ukuboza buri mwaka. Imiryango ihurira hamwe kugirango ihanahana impano kandi yishimire ibirori mugihe bitabira ibikorwa byitorero byibanda ku kubahiriza idini. 5. Eid al-Fitr na Eid al-Adha: Kubera ko Islamu ari rimwe mu madini akomeye akorerwa muri Malawi, iyi minsi mikuru yombi ya kisilamu ifite akamaro ku baturage benshi b’igihugu bakurikiza imigenzo ya Islamu. Eid al-Fitr iranga Ramazani (ukwezi gutagatifu kwa kisilamu) mugihe Eid al-Adha yibuka ubushake bwa Ibrahim bwo gutamba umuhungu we nkigikorwa cyo kumvira Imana. 6. Umunsi w'ababyeyi: Kugwa ku ya 15 Ukwakira buri mwaka, Umunsi w'Ababyeyi wubaha ababyeyi bose ku bw'urukundo no kwigomwa binyuze mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko gutanga impano no kubashimira. Iyi minsi mikuru iragaragaza imico itandukanye ya Malawi kandi ikanagaragaza amateka yabayeho nkigihugu cyigenga.

Malawi n'igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Hamwe n’ubukungu bw’ubuhinzi cyane cyane, ubucuruzi muri Malawi bugira ingaruka ku byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Ibyoherezwa muri Malawi bigizwe ahanini n’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi. Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga birimo itabi, icyayi, isukari, ipamba, n'ikawa. Ibicuruzwa bigira uruhare runini mu kwinjiza amadovize mu gihugu no kubona akazi. Icyakora, Malawi yishingikirije cyane kuri ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bituma ubukungu bwabwo bugira ingaruka ku ihindagurika ry’ibiciro ku masoko mpuzamahanga. Mu myaka yashize, guverinoma ya Malawi yashyize mu bikorwa politiki igamije gutandukanya ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo bigabanye intege nke no kuzamura ubukungu. Hashyizweho ingufu mu gushimangira kongera agaciro mu musaruro w’ibihingwa binyuze mu gutunganya no gukora inganda. Ibi bikubiyemo ingamba nko guteza imbere ibigo bitunganya ubuhinzi bwimbuto n'imboga cyangwa gushinga uruganda rukora imyenda kubicuruzwa bishingiye ku ipamba. Ku ruhande rutumizwa mu mahanga, Malawi yishingikiriza cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa byakozwe nk'imashini, imodoka, imiti, imiti, imiti, imyenda nk'imyenda n'inkweto. Ibyo bitumizwa mu mahanga bikora intego z’ubucuruzi kimwe no guhaza ibikenerwa mu gihugu imbere mu gihugu. N’ubwo hashyizweho ingufu zitandukanye, Malawi ihura n’ibibazo bijyanye n’igihombo cy’ubucuruzi kubera ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga ugereranije n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Ibi birashobora guterwa niterambere rito ryinganda ziganisha ku kwishingikiriza ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga aho kuba umusaruro waho. Gutezimbere ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara abantu bikomeje kuba ingenzi mu kuzamura ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu gihugu kubera ko imiyoboro mibi y’imihanda yongera amafaranga yo gutwara abantu haba mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga. Byongeye kandi, uruhare rwa Malawi mu matsinda y’ubucuruzi mu karere nk’umuryango w’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo (SADC) ritanga amahirwe yo kwagura isoko binyuze muri gahunda yo guhuza uturere tugamije gushyiraho isoko ry’akarere rihuriweho n’amategeko asangiwe agenga imikorere ya gasutamo n’amahoro mu bihugu bigize uyu muryango. Muri rusange, guverinoma ya Malawiya yemera ko kuzamura ubushobozi mu guhangana n’ubukungu bizasaba inkunga y’abafatanyabikorwa bose bireba harimo ubufatanye bwa Leta n’abikorera, guteza imbere ubushobozi bw’ishoramari, no kongerera ubushobozi inzego zitandukanye, kugira ngo barusheho kunoza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’ubukungu burenze inganda zishingiye ku buhinzi.

Malawi, iherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, ifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Hatuwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 18 n’umutungo kamere, igihugu gitanga isoko ryiza ku nganda zitandukanye. Ubwa mbere, Malawi ifite umutungo wubuhinzi ushobora koherezwa mumahanga. Igihugu kizwiho gutanga umusaruro nk'itabi, icyayi, isukari, n'ikawa. Hamwe n’ishoramari rikwiye no kuvugurura tekiniki y’ubuhinzi, Malawi irashobora kongera cyane ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi. Icya kabiri, Malawi ikungahaye ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro harimo uraniyumu, amakara, amabuye y'agaciro, n'amabuye y'agaciro. Aya mabuye y'agaciro arashobora gukururwa no koherezwa hanze kugirango byuzuze mpuzamahanga. Byongeye kandi, kuvumbura ibigega bya peteroli byerekana ahantu hashobora kwiyongera kubyoherezwa mu mahanga niba bikozwe neza. Byongeye kandi, ubukerarugendo bwa Malawi bufite amahirwe menshi adakoreshwa hamwe n’ahantu heza harimo n’ikiyaga cya Malawi - kimwe mu biyaga binini by’amazi meza yo muri Afurika- ibinyabuzima by’ibinyabuzima bifite ibimera n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye bikurura ba mukerarugendo baturutse hirya no hino ku isi. Abashyitsi bashimishijwe na bo bashobora gukora ubushakashatsi ku mateka nk’inzibutso cyangwa idini. inyubako zifite akamaro k’umuco.Iterambere rindi muri uru rwego rizamura iyinjira ry’amafaranga y’amahanga binyuze mu bukerarugendo. Byongeye kandi, guverinoma ya Malawi yashishikarije ishoramari gutanga imisoro ku bucuruzi bwaho. Ishyirwaho ry’akarere kihariye k’ubukungu rikurura abashoramari b’amahanga mu kwemeza ko byoroshye gukora ubucuruzi.Gushiraho ibidukikije byorohereza ubucuruzi ntibitanga amahirwe kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo baho gusa ahubwo binashishikarizwa guhanga imirimo. Nyamara, imbogamizi zigomba gukemurwa neza.Ibikorwa remezo bito nkumuyoboro muto wo gutwara abantu utuma inzira zitumizwa mu mahanga / ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bigoye bishobora kubangamira iterambere. Harasabwa ishoramari rihagije kugira ngo ibikorwa remezo bifatika nk’imiyoboro itwara abantu, bitume ihererekanyabubasha ryihuse ku masoko y’imbere mu gihugu, kandi ryorohereze ihererekanyabubasha neza. mu masoko yoherezwa mu mahanga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, guverinoma igomba gushyira imbere utwo turere kugira ngo ishore imari myinshi mpuzamahanga igamije guteza imbere ubukungu, koroshya ubucuruzi, no kongera ingufu mu kwishyira hamwe mu karere. Muri rusange, umutungo munini wa Malawi ufatanije na gahunda zishyigikira leta bisobanura iterambere ry’iterambere. Imbaraga zirambye mu iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo na politiki igamije bizafasha mu gufungura ubushobozi bw’igihugu cyose, bitange ibidukikije byiza ku mahirwe y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.

Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibicuruzwa bigurishwa bishyushye ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rya Malawi, hari ibintu byinshi tugomba gusuzuma. Malawi nubukungu bushingiye ku buhinzi bufite ubushobozi buke bwo gukora inganda. Kubwibyo, ibicuruzwa byibanze nibicuruzwa byubuhinzi bigira uruhare runini mubucuruzi bwayo bwo hanze. Dore bimwe mubyifuzo byo guhitamo ibicuruzwa: 1. Ubuhinzi no gutunganya ubuhinzi: Malawi ifite ibihe byiza byo guhinga ibihingwa bitandukanye nk'ibigori, itabi, icyayi, ikawa, ibisheke, n'ibinyamisogwe. Ibicuruzwa byubuhinzi bifite ibyifuzo byinshi haba mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga. Gushora imari mu buhinzi butunganya ubuhinzi nko kubika ibiryo cyangwa gutunganya inyongeramusaruro birashobora kubyara inyungu. 2. Imyenda n'imyambaro: Hamwe n'itegeko rya Afrika Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) rishyigikira kwinjira muri Amerika nta musoro, umusaruro w’imyenda n’imyenda ni urwego rushobora kwiyongera muri Malawi. Guhitamo imyambarire igezweho cyangwa imyenda irambye ikozwe mu ipamba kama irashobora gukurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga. 3. Amabuye y'agaciro: Malawi ikungahaye ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro nka uranium, ibintu bidasanzwe ku isi (REE), hekeste, vermiculite, amabuye y'agaciro (harimo na garneti), hamwe n'amakara y'amakara n'ibindi. Gushiraho ubufatanye cyangwa imishinga ihuriweho namasosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro birashobora gutanga amahirwe yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. 4.Ubuhinzi bw’amafi y’ubucuruzi: Ikiyaga cya Malawi kigaragaza amahirwe menshi yo korora amafi y’ubucuruzi bitewe n’ubuzima butandukanye bwo mu mazi. Ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi nka tilapiya cyangwa catfish bifite isoko ryinshi mu isoko ndetse no mukarere muri Afrika. 5.Ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima: Harakenewe cyane ibikoresho byo kwa muganga nka farumasi, ibikoresho byo kurinda umuntu (PPE), ibikoresho bya laboratoire / ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa laboratoire bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage ba Malawi hamwe n’ubushobozi buke bwo gukora bwaho. 6.Ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku bidukikije- Ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano: Bitewe n'ubwiza nyaburanga burimo parike y'igihugu / ibiyaga / ahantu nyabagendwa / uburambe bwa safari / ahantu nyaburanga nyaburanga ibidukikije-ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku bidukikije / ibicuruzwa bifite isoko ry’isoko rikubiyemo ubukorikori bukozwe mu bikoresho bitunganyirizwa mu nganda / ibicuruzwa byita ku mubiri. / ibikoresho byurugendo birambye nibindi. Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi n’isesengura ku isoko ni ngombwa kugira ngo hamenyekane amasoko yihariye, gusuzuma itangwa ry’abanywanyi, no kunguka ubumenyi ku byo abaguzi bakunda muri Malawi. Gusobanukirwa n’amategeko ngenderwaho, amasezerano y’ubucuruzi nk’umuryango w’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo (SADC), cyangwa ubufatanye mu karere birashobora kurushaho kuyobora guhitamo ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Gukurikirana buri gihe imigendekere y’isoko no guhuza n’imihindagurikire y’abaguzi bizafasha mu gukomeza gutsinda ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rya Malawi.

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, gifite umwihariko w’abakiriya na kirazira. Gusobanukirwa niyi ngingo ni ngombwa kubantu bose bakora ubucuruzi cyangwa gukorana nabakiriya muri Malawi. Iyo bigeze kubiranga abakiriya, abanya Malawi bakunda guha agaciro umubano wihariye no guhura imbona nkubone. Kubaka ikizere no guteza imbere ubwumvikane nabakiriya ningirakamaro mubucuruzi bwiza. Ikinyabupfura, kubahana, no kwihangana bifite agaciro gakomeye iyo ukorana nabakiriya muri iki gihugu. Byongeye kandi, abakiriya bo muri Malawi bashima ubwitonzi bwihariye na serivisi nziza zabakiriya. Isosiyete ikora ibirometero byinshi kugirango yumve ibyo ikeneye kandi itange ibisubizo byihariye birashoboka kubona abakiriya b'indahemuka. Byongeye kandi, ijambo kumunwa ibyifuzo bigira uruhare runini muguhindura abakiriya; kubwibyo, gutanga serivisi zidasanzwe birashobora kuganisha kubohereza. Gusobanukirwa kirazira z'umuco muri Malawi nabyo ni ngombwa mugihe usabana nabakiriya. Umuntu agomba kumenya ko ingingo zimwe zigomba kwirindwa kuko zishobora gufatwa nkibitutsi cyangwa bidatangiye ibiganiro. Iyobokamana na politiki ni ibintu byoroshye bitagomba kuzanwa keretse umukiriya atangiye ibiganiro kuri bo. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kwambara mu buryo bworoheje mugihe uhuza abakiriya muri Malawi kuko kwerekana imyenda bishobora gufatwa nkicyubahiro cyangwa bidakwiye nabantu bamwe. Mugihe kunywa inzoga bibaho mugihugu, kuganira kubinyobwa bisindisha mugihe cyinama zubucuruzi ntibishobora kwakirwa neza keretse byavuzwe nabakiriya. Nibyiza kwegera iyi ngingo witonze nibiba ngombwa na gato. Mu gusoza, gusobanukirwa imiterere yihariye yimikoranire mumico ya Malawi mugihe dushyira imbere serivisi nziza zabakiriya bizagira uruhare runini mu kubaka umubano mwiza nabakiriya baturuka muri iki gihugu cya Afrika. Kubaha ibyiyumvo byumuco bizafasha kwirinda ubwumvikane buke cyangwa amakosa mugihe cyo gukorana ubucuruzi nabakiriya ba Malawi

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, gifite gahunda zacyo zo kugenzura imipaka no kugenzura imipaka. Hano hari ingingo z'ingenzi ugomba kumenya ku bijyanye na gasutamo y'igihugu n'ibitekerezo by'ingenzi: Amabwiriza ya gasutamo: 1. Inyandiko zurugendo: Abashyitsi binjira muri Malawi bagomba kuba bafite pasiporo yemewe nibura amezi atandatu yemewe kuva umunsi binjiriye. 2. Ibisabwa bya Viza: Reba niba ukeneye visa mbere yo kugera muri Malawi ukurikije ubwenegihugu bwawe. Ibihugu bimwe bifite ubusonerwe bwa viza cyangwa viza-yo kuhagera. 3. Ibintu bibujijwe / bibujijwe: Ibintu bimwe nkibiyobyabwenge, imbunda, amasasu, nibicuruzwa byiganano birabujijwe rwose kandi ntibigomba kuzanwa mugihugu. 4. Kubuza Ifaranga: Nta karimbi ku mubare w'amafaranga y'amahanga ushobora kuzana muri Malawi; ariko, amafaranga arenga USD 5,000 cyangwa ahwanye nayo agomba gutangazwa ukihagera. Kuri gasutamo: 1. Ifishi imenyekanisha: Ukigera muri Malawi, uzuza urupapuro rwerekana abagenzi ruvuga ibintu byose bitwawe nagaciro kabo. 2. Kugenzura imizigo: Tegereza kugenzura imizigo n'abakozi ba gasutamo bakimara kugwa kugira ngo hubahirizwe amabwiriza yatumijwe mu mahanga. 3. Amafaranga atishyurwa: Menya amafaranga atishyurwa kubintu byawe bwite nkimyenda na elegitoroniki mugihe winjiye mugihugu. Amabwiriza yatumijwe mu mahanga: 1. Ibibujijwe byoherezwa mu mahanga: Ibicuruzwa n’ibinyabuzima byo mu gasozi nta ruhushya rukwiye ntibishobora gukurwa muri Malawi. 2. Ubuhinzi / Ibiribwa: Uruhushya rusabwa mbere yo gutumiza amatungo, ibimera cyangwa ibikomoka ku bimera kubera amabwiriza akomeye y’ubuhinzi agamije gukumira indwara. Inama rusange: 1. Komeza Kumenyeshwa: Menyesha inzego zibishinzwe nka Malawi Revenue Authority (MRA) kugirango umenye amakuru agezweho ku mategeko n'amabwiriza mbere y'urugendo rwawe. 2.Wubahe amategeko y’umuco n’umuco: Menya amategeko y’ibanze yerekeye imyitwarire, imyambarire n’ibindi, hamwe n’imitekerereze y’umuco mugihe ukorana nabenegihugu mugihe wasuye. Nibyiza ko ubaza ibikoresho byemewe nkurubuga rwa leta cyangwa ukabaza Ambasade ya Malawi / Ambasade mu gihugu cyanyu kugira ngo umenye amakuru yukuri kandi aheruka ku mabwiriza ya gasutamo n'amabwiriza mbere yo kujya muri Malawi.

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, gifite imisoro yihariye yo gutumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Igihugu kigamije guteza imbere inganda zo mu gihugu no kurengera ibicuruzwa byaho bishyiraho imisoro ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Muri rusange, Malawi ikoresha uburyo bwo gusoresha ad valorem, bivuze ko amahoro yatumijwe mu mahanga abarwa hashingiwe ku gaciro k'ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ariko, hariho ibiciro bitandukanye byamahoro kubicuruzwa bitandukanye. Ku bintu by'ingenzi nk'ibiribwa, imiti, n'ibikomoka ku buhinzi nk'ifumbire n'imbuto, Malawi ikoresha imisoro ya zeru cyangwa ntoya yo gutumiza mu mahanga kugira ngo abaturage bayo babone ubushobozi. Iyi politiki ifasha mukurwanya inzara nubukene mugihe umutekano wibiribwa. Ku rundi ruhande, ibicuruzwa bihenze nka elegitoroniki yo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyangwa ibinyabiziga bihura n’imisoro ihanitse yo guca intege ibicuruzwa bikabije no guteza imbere umusaruro waho igihe cyose bishoboka. Guverinoma yemera ko gushishikariza inganda zo mu gihugu bishobora guteza imbere akazi no kugabanya gushingira ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Usibye aya mabwiriza rusange, Malawi nayo yita kubintu bimwe mugihe igena ibiciro byihariye. Muri ibyo bintu harimo amasezerano yubucuruzi n’ibihugu by’abafatanyabikorwa cyangwa umuryango w’ubukungu w’akarere nka SADC (Umuryango w’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo) cyangwa COMESA (Isoko rusange ry’Afurika y’iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo). Binyuze muri aya masezerano yo mu karere, Malawi igamije koroshya ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bigize uyu muryango hagabanywa imisoro iri mu karere mu gihe irinda inganda z’ingamba guhangana n’amarushanwa arenganya. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko politiki y’imisoro igomba guhinduka nk’amabwiriza ya leta cyangwa ibyihutirwa mu bukungu bw’igihugu. Niyo mpamvu ari byiza kugisha inama abayobozi nka Malawian Revenue Authority (MRA) cyangwa minisiteri zibishinzwe mbere yo kwishora mubikorwa ibyo aribyo byose bitumizwa mu mahanga. Mu gusoza, politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga ya Malawi ishimangira gushyigikira inganda z’imbere mu gihugu ndetse no kureba niba ibicuruzwa by’ibanze byoroha. Umwihariko w’ibiciro by’imisoro biterwa n’ibyiciro by’ibicuruzwa, ibintu nk’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi mu karere, n’intego rusange z’ubukungu bw’igihugu;

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, gifite ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byoherezwa mu mahanga birimo ibikomoka ku buhinzi, amabuye y'agaciro, n'ibicuruzwa byakozwe. Igihugu cyashyize mu bikorwa politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo igenzure kandi iteze imbere ubukungu bwayo. Muri Malawi, igipimo cy'umusoro woherezwa mu mahanga kiratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Ibikomoka ku buhinzi nk’itabi n’icyayi bitangirwa umusoro wihariye ugenwa na leta. Kurugero, ibyoherezwa mu itabi bisoreshwa ku gipimo cya 10% cyagaciro ku buntu (FOB). Ku rundi ruhande, amabuye y'agaciro yoherezwa muri Malawi atangirwa imisoro ya ad valorem ishingiye ku gaciro k'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Ibi bivuze ko ijanisha ryakwa ku giciro rusange cy’amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa amabuye yoherezwa mu mahanga. Igipimo cyihariye cya ad valorem giterwa nibintu nkubwoko bwamabuye y'agaciro n'imiterere y'isoko. Byongeye kandi, Malawi ishyiraho kandi ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byakozwe. Aya mahoro asanzwe ashyirwaho hagamijwe kurinda inganda zo mu gihugu cyangwa kugena imbaraga-zisabwa mu nzego zimwe. Ibiciro birashobora gutandukana bitewe nibicuruzwa no gutondekanya kurutonde rwibiciro bijyanye. Ni ngombwa ko ubucuruzi bwishora mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga na Malawi bumenya iyi politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo ibare neza ibiciro kandi yubahirize amabwiriza y’ibanze. Kugisha inama abakora kuri gasutamo cyangwa impuguke mu bucuruzi birashobora gutanga ubuyobozi bwingenzi kubijyanye no gutumiza mu mahanga no kohereza imisoro. Twabibutsa ko nubwo ibyoherezwa muri Malawi bishobora gutanga imisoro imwe n'imwe, ni ngombwa kandi gutekereza ku nyungu zishobora guterwa nko kubona amasezerano y’ubucuruzi mu karere cyangwa kuvurwa ku buryo bumwe na bumwe bushobora kwishyura ibicuruzwa bimwe. Muri rusange, gusobanukirwa na politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ya Malawi ni ingenzi ku bucuruzi bushaka gukora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu gihe hubahirizwa amategeko yashyizweho n’ubuyobozi。

Malawi, iherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, izwiho ubuhinzi butandukanye n’umutungo kamere. Nka gihugu kidafite inkombe, Malawi yishingikiriza cyane ku kohereza ibicuruzwa byayo mu bindi bihugu kugira ngo ubukungu bwiyongere. Kugirango harebwe ubuziranenge no kubahiriza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, igihugu cyashyize mu bikorwa ibyemezo byoherezwa mu mahanga. Icyemezo cyo kohereza mu mahanga muri Malawi ni ngombwa kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga n'ibisabwa. Ubuyobozi bwibanze bushinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa byo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze ni Biro yubuziranenge ya Malawi (MBS). MBS ikorera muri Minisiteri y’inganda, ubucuruzi, n’ubukerarugendo kandi ikorana bya hafi n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo ibungabunge ubusugire bw’ibicuruzwa. Abashora ibicuruzwa muri Malawi bagomba kubahiriza ibyangombwa bisabwa bitandukanye bashingiye ku nganda zabo. Impamyabumenyi zimwe zisabwa cyane zirimo: 1. Icyemezo cya Phytosanitarite: Iki cyemezo cyemeza ko ibicuruzwa bishingiye ku bimera nkimbuto, imboga, nindabyo byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga bwa phytosanitarite. Igenzura ko ibyo bicuruzwa bitarimo udukoko cyangwa indwara zishobora kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima nyuma yo gutumizwa mu mahanga. 2. Icyemezo cy'inkomoko: Iyi nyandiko yemeza inkomoko y'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa muri Malawi kugira ngo hamenyekane uburenganzira bwo gutangirwa imisoro ku nyungu zishingiye ku masezerano y'ubucuruzi cyangwa amategeko yo kongera kohereza mu mahanga. 3. Icyemezo cya sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge: Iki cyemezo cyemeza ko inzira yumusaruro yubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho bya sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge bwigihugu cyangwa mpuzamahanga nka ISO 9001: 2015. Irerekana ubwitange bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kubungabunga ibicuruzwa bihoraho mubikorwa byabo. 4. Impamyabumenyi ya Halal: Kubohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bakora ibiribwa bikoreshwa nabaturage b’abayisilamu ku isi, kubona ibyemezo bya Halal ni ngombwa. Izi mpamyabumenyi zigenzura kubahiriza amategeko agenga imirire ya kisilamu kandi zigaragaza ko zubahiriza uburyo bwihariye bwo gutegura. Usibye ibyo byemezo byihariye by’inganda, abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga nabo bakeneye kubahiriza inzira za gasutamo zashyizweho n’ibihugu bigana mu gihe hubahirizwa amabwiriza yo kohereza ibicuruzwa bigenga ibikoresho byo gupakira bikoreshwa mu gutwara abantu (urugero, gupakira ibiti) iyo bibaye ngombwa. Muri rusange, ibyemezo byoherezwa mu mahanga bigira uruhare runini mu koroshya ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ku bucuruzi bwa Malawi mu gihe butanga icyizere ku bijyanye n’ubuziranenge, umutekano, no kubahiriza ibicuruzwa byabo ku masoko y’isi.

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Afurika, gitanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara abantu n'ibintu kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byoroherezwe neza. Malawi ifite umuyoboro w’imihanda wateye imbere uhuza imijyi minini minini mugihugu. Ibikorwa remezo byibanze byumuhanda bigizwe namihanda ya kaburimbo, nubwo icyaro kimwe gishobora kuba gifite umuhanda wa kaburimbo cyangwa amabuye. Gutwara umuhanda bikunze gukoreshwa haba intera ndende no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa. Amasosiyete yigenga yamakamyo akoresha amamodoka kugirango akemure ubucuruzi mu nganda zitandukanye. Ku bicuruzwa mpuzamahanga, Malawi ifite ibyambu byinshi ku kiyaga cya Malawi bitanga uburyo bwo kugera mu bihugu duturanye nka Mozambike na Tanzaniya binyuze muri serivisi z’ubwato. Ibyo byambu byorohereza ubucuruzi mu kwemerera ibicuruzwa gutwarwa n'inzira z'amazi, kugabanya igihe cyo gutwara n'ibiciro. Byongeye kandi, hari gahunda zirimo gutezwa imbere icyambu cy’amazi ahitwa Nsanje ku ruzi rwa Shire bizarushaho guteza imbere imiyoboro y’amazi muri ako karere. Ku bijyanye na serivisi zitwara abantu mu kirere, Malawi itangwa n’ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Kamuzu giherereye hafi ya Lilongwe - umurwa mukuru - ndetse n’ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Chili giherereye i Blantyre. Ibi bibuga byindege bikora ingendo zitwara abagenzi nizitwara hamwe nindege zitandukanye zitanga serivise zitwara ibicuruzwa bikwiranye no gutwara ibicuruzwa byangirika cyane cyangwa ibicuruzwa byihutirwa. Ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi muri Malawi ni buke ariko bufite uruhare runini mu guhuza uduce tumwe na tumwe tw’igihugu n’ibihugu duturanye. Kurugero, hari umurongo wa gari ya moshi uhuza Chipata muri Zambiya na Mchinji muri Malawi bigatuma byoroha kubona ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu byombi. Kugirango dushyigikire ibikorwa bya logistique neza muri Malawi, hariho abatanga ibikoresho byabigize umwuga (3PL) batanga ibikoresho byububiko hamwe na serivise zo gukwirakwiza ubucuruzi. Ububiko bwububiko buherereye hafi yimijyi minini itanga ububiko bworoshye nubushobozi bwo gutanga vuba. Muri rusange, nubwo ihura n’ibibazo nko guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo bidahagije bitewe n’umwanya uhagaze ku nyanja, Malawi itanga uburyo bwinshi bwo gukenera ubwikorezi bwo mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga binyuze mu muhanda w’imihanda, ku byambu by’ikiyaga ku kiyaga cya Malawi, ku bibuga by’indege, no guhuza gari ya moshi nkeya ariko zikomeye. Kuba hari abatanga 3PL byongera ubushobozi bwibikoresho byigihugu.

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Malawi, igihugu kidafite inkombe mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, gifite inzira nyinshi zingenzi mu gutanga amasoko no guteza imbere ubucuruzi. Iyi miyoboro yorohereza guhanahana ibicuruzwa na serivisi hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa batandukanye ku isi. Byongeye kandi, igihugu cyakiriye imurikagurisha ryinshi ritanga amahirwe kubucuruzi bwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa byabo no kwagura imiyoboro yabo. Umuyoboro umwe w’ubucuruzi muri Malawi ni ukunyura mu muryango w’ubukungu bw’akarere nk’umuryango w’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo (SADC) n’isoko rusange ry’Afurika y’iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo (COMESA). Iyi miryango yo mu karere iteza imbere ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bigize uyu muryango, itanga isoko rinini ry’abaturage barenga miliyoni 500. Binyuze muri ayo masezerano, ubucuruzi bwa Malawi bushobora kwishora mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka n’ibihugu bituranye nka Afurika yepfo, Zambiya, Mozambike, na Tanzaniya. Byongeye kandi, Malawi igira uruhare runini mu bufatanye n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga nk’amasezerano nyafurika y’ubucuruzi y’ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika (AfCFTA). Aya masezerano agamije gushyiraho isoko rimwe mu bihugu 55 bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika Yunze ubumwe mu gukuraho imisoro ku bicuruzwa byinshi bigurishwa muri Afurika. Ibikorwa nkibi byugurura amahirwe mashya kubucuruzi bwa Malawi kugirango bagere kubakiriya kumugabane wose. Undi muyoboro w'ingenzi mu gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga ni binyuze mu masezerano y'ibihugu byombi hagati ya Malawi n'ibindi bihugu. Kurugero, Ubushinwa bwabaye umwe mubafatanyabikorwa bakomeye ba Malawi, batanga ishoramari mumishinga remezo nkimihanda na sisitemu yingufu. Ubu bufatanye bworohereje kwinjiza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa muri Malawi ari nako bizafasha mu Bushinwa kohereza itabi n’ibindi bicuruzwa mu Bushinwa. Ku bijyanye n’imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha ryakiriwe na Malawi ubwayo cyangwa ibihugu bituranye, ibintu bimwe na bimwe byagaragaye birimo: 1. Imurikagurisha ry’ubucuruzi rya Lilongwe: Ryateguwe buri mwaka n’Urugaga rw’Ubucuruzi n’inganda rwa Lilongwe (LCCI), iri murikagurisha rikurura imurikagurisha ry’ibanze ndetse n’amahanga mu nganda zitandukanye nk'ubuhinzi, inganda, ubukerarugendo, serivisi z'ikoranabuhanga n'ibindi. 2. Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ubukerarugendo: rikorwa buri mwaka muri Blantyre cyangwa Lilongwe na Minisiteri y’inganda, ubucuruzi, n’ubukerarugendo, iri murika ryerekana ubushobozi bw’ubukerarugendo bwa Malawi kandi rikurura abashoramari mpuzamahanga bashishikajwe n’umurenge. 3. Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi rya Malawi: Ryateguwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Malawi (MCCCI), iri murikagurisha ritanga urubuga rw’ubucuruzi bwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa na serivisi ku baguzi bo mu karere ndetse n’amahanga. 4. Imurikagurisha ry’ubuhinzi rya COMESA: Ryakirwa buri mwaka n’ibihugu bitandukanye bigize COMESA, harimo na Malawi, iki gitaramo cyerekana ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi biva mu bihugu byitabiriye guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’akarere mu buhinzi. Mu gusoza, nubwo ari igihugu kidafite inkombe, Malawi ifite inzira zitandukanye zingenzi mu gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga no guteza imbere ubucuruzi. Kuba umunyamuryango w’umuryango w’ubukungu w’akarere nka SADC na COMESA, kwitabira ubufatanye mu bucuruzi nka AfCFTA, ndetse n’amasezerano y’ibihugu byombi n’ibihugu by’Ubushinwa bitanga amahirwe ku bucuruzi bwo kwishora mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. Byongeye kandi, imurikagurisha nk’imurikagurisha ry’ubucuruzi rya Lilongwe hamwe n’imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ubukerarugendo ritanga urubuga rwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa mu gihe imurikagurisha ry’ubuhinzi rya COMESA ryibanda cyane cyane ku kuzamura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu karere.

Imashini zishakisha

Hariho moteri nyinshi zishakisha zikoreshwa muri Malawi. Dore bamwe muribo hamwe na aderesi zabo kurubuga: 1. Google (www.google.mw): Google niyo moteri ishakisha izwi cyane ku isi kandi ikoreshwa cyane muri Malawi. Itanga uburambe bwubushakashatsi kandi itanga serivisi zitandukanye nkishakisha ryurubuga, gushakisha amashusho, amakarita, amakuru, nibindi byinshi. 2. Bing (www.bing.com): Bing nindi moteri ishakisha izwi cyane ikoreshwa muri Malawi. Itanga ibintu bisa na Google kandi itanga gushakisha kurubuga, gushakisha amashusho, gushakisha amashusho, kuvugurura amakuru, nibindi byinshi. 3. Shakisha Yahoo (shakisha.yahoo.com): Yahoo Shakisha nayo ikoreshwa muri Malawi mugushakisha interineti. Itanga gushakisha kurubuga hamwe nizindi serivisi za Yahoo nko kuvugurura amakuru, kwinjira kuri imeri, iteganyagihe, amakuru yimari, nibindi. 4. DuckDuckGo (duckduckgo.com): DuckDuckGo nubundi buryo bwo gushakisha bwibanda ku buzima bwite bw’abakoresha udakurikirana ibikorwa by’abakoresha cyangwa kubika amakuru bwite. Yamamaye ku isi yose harimo abakoresha bo muri Malawi bakunda ubuzima bwite mu gihe bashakisha kuri interineti. 5. Baidu (www. amakuru. Aya ni amwe mumahitamo asanzwe kubakoresha interineti muri Malawi mugihe cyo gushakisha amakuru kumurongo; ariko, abakoresha barashobora kugira ibyo bakunda bishingiye kubyo umuntu akeneye nibisabwa.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Malawi, iherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, ni igihugu kidafite inkombe kizwiho ibyiza nyaburanga ndetse n’inshuti. Hano hari amwe mumapaji yingenzi yumuhondo muri Malawi hamwe na aderesi zabo: 1. Urupapuro rwumuhondo wa Malawi (www.urubuga.mw) Urupapuro rwumuhondo rwa Malawi nubuyobozi bwuzuye kumurongo butanga amakuru kubucuruzi na serivisi zitandukanye mugihugu. 2. Ubuyobozi bwa Nxamalala (www.nxamalala.com) Ububiko bwa Nxamalala butanga urubuga rwubucuruzi kugirango berekane ibicuruzwa na serivisi kubakiriya babo muri Malawi. 3. BizMalawi (www.bizmalawibd.com) BizMalawi nubuyobozi bwubucuruzi kumurongo bugamije guhuza ubucuruzi bwaho nabashobora kuba abakiriya, butanga amakuru kubyinganda nkubuhinzi, imari, ubukerarugendo, nibindi byinshi. 4. Shakisha kumurongo (www.findit-online.co.mw) Shakisha Kumurongo nubuyobozi buzwi kumurongo wubucuruzi na serivisi bikorera muri Malawi. Itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kumenyesha amakuru namakuru ajyanye namasosiyete menshi mugihugu. 5. MyYellowPage.co.mw MyYellowPage.co.mw ikora nk'ubuyobozi bwagutse butanga urutonde rwibikorwa bitandukanye mumirenge itandukanye muri Malawi. Ipaji nyamukuru yumuhondo ububiko burashobora kuguha amakuru yingenzi kubucuruzi bwaho harimo nimero za terefone, aderesi, itangwa ryibicuruzwa, isuzuma ryabakiriya, nibindi byinshi. Nibikoresho byingirakamaro kubaturage ndetse nabashyitsi ba Malawi bashaka ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi byihariye mumasoko atandukanye yigihugu.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Malawi, igihugu cyo mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, cyagaragaye ko iterambere ryiyongera mu bucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi mu myaka yashize. Mu gihe igihugu gishobora kuba kidafite amasoko menshi yo kuri interineti nk’ibindi bihugu bimwe na bimwe, haracyari urubuga ruto rwita ku bikenerwa byo kugura kuri interineti muri Malawi. Hano hari bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi bya e-ubucuruzi muri Malawi hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Afurika yo kuri interineti: Afurika yo kuri interineti nimwe mu mbuga za e-ubucuruzi ziza muri Malawi. Itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi mubyiciro bitandukanye nka electronics, imyambarire, ubwiza, nibikoresho byo murugo. Urubuga: www.onlineafrica.mw 2. Gura Noneho: Gura Noneho ni isoko ryamamaye kumurongo muri Malawi ryemerera abantu nubucuruzi kugura no kugurisha ibicuruzwa byoroshye. Ihuriro ritanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imyambaro, ibikoresho byo mu nzu, nibindi byinshi. Urubuga: www.buynow.com.mw 3. Ububiko bwa Bambino: Ububiko bwa Bambino ni urubuga rwa interineti ruzobereye mu bicuruzwa by’abana nk'impuzu, imyenda y'abana, ibikinisho, n'ibikoresho. Itanga ubworoherane kubabyeyi mugutanga ibintu byiza byabana neza kumuryango wabo. Urubuga: www.bambinostoremw.com 4.Ibitabo bisigaye: Ububiko bwibitabo busigaye bwibanda ku kugurisha ibitabo kumurongo muburyo butandukanye harimo ibitabo byamasomo byo muri kaminuza zaho cyangwa za kaminuza hamwe nubuvanganzo rusange bwanditswe nabanditsi baho ndetse n’amahanga. Urubuga: www.remnantbookstore.com/umurongo-ububiko 5.Malawimarketplace: Mala wimarketplace itanga inzira kubanyabukorikori na ba nyir'ubucuruzi buciriritse mu nzego zitandukanye nk'imyenda / abashushanya imitako cyangwa abahanzi kugira ngo berekane amaturo yabo yihariye ari nako bashyigikira ubukorikori bwaho. Urubuga: http: //www.malawimarketplace.com/ Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko kuboneka kw'ibintu byihariye bishobora gutandukana kuriyi mbuga bitewe nimpamvu nko kugabanuka kw'isoko cyangwa ibisabwa byaho. Kugira ngo ubone ishusho nyayo ni byiza ko abaguzi / abagurisha bashobora gusura imbuga za interineti bagashakisha byinshi.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Malawi n'igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Kugeza ubu, igihugu ntigifite imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane muri Malawi. Ariko, abaturage ba Malawi bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga mpuzamahanga zitandukanye kugirango bahuze kandi basabane nabandi. Hano hari imbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa cyane muri Malawi hamwe na aderesi zabo: 1. Facebook - Facebook nimwe murubuga ruzwi cyane kandi rukoreshwa cyane kurubuga rusange, harimo no muri Malawi. Abakoresha barashobora gukora imyirondoro, gusangira ibishya, amafoto, na videwo, kimwe no guhuza no kuvugana ninshuti nimiryango. Urubuga: www.facebook.com 2. WhatsApp - WhatsApp ni urubuga rwohereza ubutumwa rwemerera abakoresha kohereza ubutumwa bugufi, ubutumwa bwijwi, guhamagara kuri videwo, gusangira amafoto ninyandiko mugihe nyacyo. Ikoreshwa cyane mu itumanaho hagati yabantu cyangwa amatsinda haba mugace ndetse no kwisi yose. Urubuga: www.whatsapp.com 3. Instagram - Instagram ni urubuga rwo gusangira amafoto aho abakoresha bashobora kohereza amashusho cyangwa videwo bagashyiraho akayunguruzo cyangwa guhindura ibiyirimo mbere yo kubisangiza kumugaragaro cyangwa mwiherero hamwe nabayoboke. Urubuga: www.instagram.com 4. Twitter - Twitter ifasha abakoresha kohereza ubutumwa bugufi bwitwa "tweet" burimo inyuguti zigera kuri 280. Abakoresha barashobora gukurikira konti zabandi kubijyanye namakuru, ibyabaye, ibitekerezo cyangwa gusangira ibitekerezo byabo. Urubuga: www.twitter.com 5. YouTube - Nubwo atari cyane cyane imbuga nkoranyambaga ubwayo, YouTube ikoreshwa cyane mu kohereza amashusho ku isi yose harimo n'abantu bakorera muri Malawi bifuza gusangira ibiri ku mugaragaro. Urubuga: www.youtube.com Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe izi mbuga ziboneka muri Malawi kimwe nibindi bihugu byinshi kwisi; kwinjira kuri interineti birashobora gutandukana bitewe nibintu nkibikorwa remezo cyangwa ubushobozi buke mubenegihugu. Nyamuneka uzirikane ko aya makuru ajyanye nuburyo bugezweho mugihe twandika iki gisubizo (Nzeri 2021), kandi burigihe birasabwa kugenzura imbuga za interineti kugirango ubone amakuru nyayo.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Malawi, iherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Afurika, ibamo amashyirahamwe menshi y’inganda agira uruhare runini mu kuzamura no guhagararira inzego zitandukanye. Dore amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda muri Malawi nurubuga rwabo: 1. Ihuriro ry’ingereko z’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Malawi (MCCCI) - MCCCI ni ishyirahamwe rikomeye rihagarariye inyungu z’ubucuruzi muri Malawi. Ikora nk'urubuga rukomeye rw'ubufatanye hagati ya leta n'abikorera ku giti cyabo mu kuzamura ubukungu n'iterambere. Urubuga rwabo ni www.mccci.org. 2. Ishyirahamwe ry'abajyanama b'abakoresha muri Malawi (ECAM) - ECAM ihagarariye inyungu z'abakoresha mu mibanire y'abakozi, ubuvugizi bwa politiki, amahugurwa, no kongerera ubushobozi. Urubuga rwabo murashobora kubisanga kuri www.ecam.mw. 3. Ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu ry’ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse (NASME) - NASME yibanda ku gutera inkunga imishinga mito n'iciriritse (SMEs), ibaha amahugurwa, ubuvugizi, amahirwe yo guhuza imiyoboro, inkunga yo kugera ku isoko, gahunda z’ubujyanama, n'ibindi bikorwa. Andi makuru arashobora kuboneka kurubuga rwabo: www.nasmemw.org. 4. Ishyirahamwe ry’amabanki muri Malawi (BAM) - BAM ihuza amabanki y’ubucuruzi akorera mu gihugu mu rwego rwo guteza imbere imikorere y’amabanki mu gihe yunganira amabwiriza meza agirira akamaro imikorere y’abanyamuryango bayo. Sura urubuga rwabo kuri www.bankinginmalawi.com/bam/urugo.php. 5. Ishyirahamwe ry’Ubwishingizi rya Malawi (IAM) - IAM ishinzwe guteza imbere inyungu z’amasosiyete y’ubwishingizi ikorera mu gihugu ikorana n’abafatanyabikorwa barimo abagenzuzi, abakiriya, inzego za Leta zita ku bikorwa biboneye mu nzego zose. Urubuga rwabo rwemewe kurubu rurimo kubakwa; icyakora andi makuru arashobora kuboneka ukoresheje iyi link: https://www.linkedin.com/company/insurassoc-malaw/. 6.Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’ikoranabuhanga rya Malawi (TECHIMA) - TECHIMA ihagarariye ibigo bifite uruhare mu ikoranabuhanga (IT), guteza imbere porogaramu cyangwa ubujyanama mu ikoranabuhanga hagamijwe guteza imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga muri Malawi. Kubwamahirwe, nta rubuga rwemewe ruboneka muriki gihe. Nyamuneka menya ko ayo mashyirahamwe agereranya igice cyamashyirahamwe yinganda muri Malawi. Izindi nzego nk'ubuhinzi, ubukerarugendo, inganda, n'uburezi nazo zifite amashyirahamwe yazo akorera mu iterambere no guteza imbere izo nzego.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Malawi, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Malawi, ni igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika. Ubukungu bw'igihugu bushingiye cyane cyane ku buhinzi, butanga umusanzu uva mu nganda na serivisi. Niba ushaka amakuru yubukungu nubucuruzi kubyerekeye Malawi, dore imbuga zimwe ushobora gushakisha: 1. Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’ubukerarugendo (MITT): Urubuga rwemewe rwa Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’ubukerarugendo rutanga amakuru yuzuye ku bijyanye n’amahirwe y’ishoramari, politiki y’ubucuruzi, amabwiriza y’ubucuruzi, imibare y’ubucuruzi, namakuru ajyanye n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu. Urubuga: https://industry.mw/ 2. Ikigo cy’ishoramari n’ubucuruzi cya Malawi (MITC): MITC ikora nkikigo kimwe cyo korohereza ishoramari muri Malawi. Uru rubuga rutanga amakuru arambuye ku bijyanye n’ishoramari, amahirwe y’ubufatanye cyangwa imishinga ihuriweho, umurongo ngenderwaho w’ishoramari hamwe n’ubushake butangwa na leta. Urubuga: https://mitc.mw/ 3. Banki nkuru y’igihugu ya Malawi: Nka banki nkuru ya Malawi, uru rubuga rutanga amakuru y’imari y’agaciro arimo igipimo cy’ivunjisha, impapuro zerekana politiki y’ifaranga na raporo ku bikorwa by’amabanki mu gihugu. Urubuga: https://www.rbm.mw/ 4. Ihuriro ry’ingereko z’ubucuruzi n’inganda (MCCCI): MCCCI ihagarariye ubucuruzi mu nzego zinyuranye muri Malawi hibandwa cyane cyane ku kuzamura iterambere ry’abikorera binyuze mu bikorwa by’ubuvugizi biteza imbere ubucuruzi bwiza ku bashoramari bo mu karere ndetse n’abanyamahanga. Urubuga: http://www.mccci.org/ 5. Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare (NSO): NSO ishinzwe gukora ubushakashatsi bw’ibarurishamibare mu nzego zitandukanye nk’ubuhinzi, inganda n’ingufu zerekana urwego rw’imikorere y’iterambere ry’umusaruro rusange w’abafata ibyemezo bafite amakuru nyayo yo gufata ibyemezo byuzuye. Urubuga: http://www.nsomalawi.mw/ 6. Komisiyo ishinzwe ibikorwa (CAC) - Umwanditsi wa Leta w'amasosiyete: Iki kigo cya leta gikora inyandiko zijyanye no kwiyandikisha kwamasosiyete hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'amategeko kandi itanga ibikoresho kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo bashaka gutangiza imishinga muri Malawi. Urubuga: http://www.cac.mw/ Izi mbuga zizaguha amakuru arambuye yerekeye ubucuruzi n’ishoramari mu gihugu, politiki y’ubukungu, amahirwe y’ubucuruzi, hamwe n’imibare ifatika kugira ngo ukore. Buri gihe ni byiza guhuza amasoko menshi no kwegera inzego za leta kumakuru agezweho.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hano hari imbuga za interineti zibaza amakuru kuri Malawi. Dore bimwe muribi hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Minisiteri y'Ubucuruzi, Inganda n'Ubukerarugendo: https://www.moit.gov.mw/ Uru rubuga rwemewe rutanga amakuru kuri politiki yubucuruzi, kuzamura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, uburyo bwo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga, amahirwe yo gushora imari, hamwe n’imibare ijyanye nayo. 2. Ikigo gishinzwe kwinjiza imisoro ya Malawi (MRA): https://www.mra.mw/ MRA ishinzwe gasutamo n'imisoro muri Malawi. Urubuga rwabo rutanga ibikoresho byo kubaza imibare itumizwa mu mahanga / ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, igipimo cy’ibiciro, amahoro ya gasutamo, hamwe n’ubucuruzi. 3. Ibiro bishinzwe ibarurishamibare mu gihugu (NSO): https://www.nso.malawi.net/ NSO itanga amakuru yuzuye y'ibarurishamibare ku nzego zitandukanye muri Malawi, harimo n'imibare mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi. Urubuga rwabo rwemewe rurimo raporo zirambuye kubitumizwa no kohereza hanze muburyo bwibicuruzwa. 4. Ihuriro ry’amahuriro y’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Malawi (MCCCI): http://mccci.org/ Nka shyirahamwe ryingenzi ryubucuruzi mugihugu, MCCCI itanga serivisi zitandukanye kubacuruzi bo muri Malawi. Urubuga rwumuryango rugaragaza ibikoresho byingirakamaro nka raporo yubutasi bwisoko nububiko bwubucuruzi. 5. Umugenzi w’umuryango w’abibumbye: https://comtrade.un.org/ Nubwo bidasanzwe muri Malawi, uru rubuga mpuzamahanga rutanga uburyo bwo kubika amakuru ku bucuruzi ku isi abungabunzwe n’ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku mibare (UNSD). Abakoresha barashobora kubona amakuru yihariye yigihugu muguhitamo "Malawi" nkigihugu gitanga raporo. Uru rubuga rugomba kuguha ubushishozi bwamakuru ajyanye nubucuruzi ushaka Malawi.

B2b

Hano muri Malawi hari urubuga rwa B2B rwita kubucuruzi bushakisha amahirwe yubucuruzi nubufatanye. Dore bike muribi hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. TradeMalawi (www.trademalawi.com): TradeMalawi ni isoko rya B2B riza ku isonga rihuza abaguzi n’abagurisha mu nganda zitandukanye muri Malawi. Itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi na serivisi, byemerera ubucuruzi gucuruza byoroshye kumurongo. 2. Urubuga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Afurika (www.africabusinessportal.com/Malawi): Uru rubuga ruzobereye mu guteza imbere amahirwe y’ubucuruzi muri Afurika, harimo na Malawi. Itanga imiyoboro ihuza abashoramari guhuza, gukorana, no gucukumbura ubufatanye bushoboka. 3. E-Isoko rya Malawi (www.emarketmalawi.com): E-Isoko Malawi ni isoko rya interineti ryibanda ku koroshya ubucuruzi mu gihugu. Igamije guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwaho ndetse n’amahanga, butuma abaguzi n’abagurisha bakorana byoroshye binyuze kumurongo wacyo. 4. AfriTrade (www.afritrade.net/malawi): AfriTrade nubuyobozi bwuzuye bwa B2B burimo urutonde rwibigo bikorera mumirenge itandukanye muri Afrika, harimo na Malawi. Ikora nkibikoresho byingirakamaro kubucuruzi bushakisha amahirwe mashya yubucuruzi. 5. eDarussalam (www.edarussalam.com): Mugihe byibanda cyane cyane mubihugu bya Afrika yuburasirazuba, eDarussalam ikubiyemo urutonde rwibikorwa mubucuruzi mubihugu duturanye nka Malawi. Ihuriro ryorohereza ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka muguhuza abashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa kubakiriya bashaka ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi byihariye. Izi porogaramu za B2B zitanga ibikoresho byingenzi kubigo bishaka kwagura imiyoboro yabo cyangwa gushaka abafatanyabikorwa bashya mu isoko rya Malawi. Nyamuneka menya ko buri gihe bisabwa gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kuri buri rubuga mbere yo gukora ubucuruzi ubwo aribwo bwose kugirango bwemerwe kandi bwizewe.