More

TogTok

Amasoko Nkuru
right
Incamake y'igihugu
Ibirwa bya Marshall, bizwi ku izina rya Repubulika y’ibirwa bya Marshall, ni igihugu giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika. Igizwe na 29 ya korali hamwe n'ibirwa 5 byonyine, ifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 181. Atoll nini yitwa Majuro kandi ikora nk'umurwa mukuru n'umujyi munini. Hatuwe n'abantu bagera ku 58.000, Ibirwa bya Marshall bifite umuco wihariye uyobowe n'imigenzo ya Micronésie na Western. Indimi zemewe ni Marshallese n'Icyongereza. Ubukungu bw’ibirwa bya Marshall bushingiye cyane ku nkunga z’amahanga zituruka mu bihugu nka Amerika. Uburobyi n'ubuhinzi (cyane cyane guhinga copra) ninzego zingenzi zigira uruhare muri GDP. Mu myaka yashize, ubukerarugendo nabwo bwerekanye ubushobozi mu gihe abashyitsi bakwegerwa ku nkombe zacyo nziza ndetse n’ibisigazwa by’Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose. Igihugu gihura n’ibibazo nko kwihaza mu biribwa kubera ubutaka buhingwa n’amazi make. Ubwiyongere bw'inyanja bubangamira cyane iki gihugu kibeshya, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu bihugu byibasiwe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Mu rwego rwa politiki, Ibirwa bya Marshall byabonye ubwigenge ku buyobozi bwa Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ishyirahamwe ry’ubuntu mu 1986. Ubu ni igihugu cyigenga gifite perezida wacyo watowe binyuze mu nzira ya demokarasi akora nk'umukuru w’ubutegetsi n’igihugu. Kuba mu gice cyitaruye cya Oseyaniya ntibibuza iterambere - ikoranabuhanga rigendanwa ryinjira mu buryo butangaje hamwe na terefone zigendanwa zikoreshwa cyane mu baturage. Uburezi bufite umwanya munini mugutegura politiki hamwe amashuri abanza nayisumbuye ari itegeko kubana. Mu gusoza, nubwo bahura n’ibibazo bijyanye n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, amikoro make, ibibazo by’umutekano w’ibiribwa n’ibindi, ibirwa bya Marshall bikomeje guharanira iterambere rirambye mu gihe bibungabunga umurage gakondo w’umuco mu bihe bizaza.
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Ifaranga ryemewe ry’ibirwa bya Marshall ni amadorari y’Amerika (USD), ryabaye isoko ry’amategeko muri iki gihugu mu 1982. Icyemezo cyo kwemeza USD nk’ifaranga ryacyo cyafashwe mu rwego rw’amasezerano y’ubuntu, amasezerano hagati ya Marshall Ibirwa na Amerika. Nkigisubizo, ibiciro byose nibikorwa mubirwa bya Marshall byavuzwe kandi bigakorwa mumadolari ya Amerika. USD yemerwa cyane mu gihugu hose, harimo amabanki, ubucuruzi, n'abantu ku giti cyabo. Gukoresha amadolari ya Amerika nk'ifaranga ryabo byatanze ubukungu mu birwa bya Marshall. Ibirwa bya Marshall ntabwo bifite banki nkuru yacyo cyangwa ibikoresho byo gucukura kugirango bitange ifaranga ryabyo. Ahubwo, ishingiye ku gutumiza amadolari ya Amerika kugirango azenguruke ku birwa. Amabanki y’ubucuruzi akorera mu birwa bya Marshall akorana cyane na bagenzi babo bo muri Amerika kugira ngo batange amafaranga ahoraho kandi bakoreshe ihererekanyabubasha rya elegitoronike rijyanye n’ubucuruzi bwa USD. Nubwo bakoresha ifaranga ry’amahanga nk'uburyo bwabo bwo kuvunja, abaturage baracyafite umuco gakondo ujyanye nuburyo gakondo bwamafaranga nkamafaranga yamabuye cyangwa inyanja yo mu nyanja izwi nka "riai", ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikorwa byimihango aho gucuruza burimunsi. Muri make, Ibirwa bya Marshall bifashisha amadolari y’Amerika nk’ifaranga ryemewe kubera amasezerano yagiranye n’Amerika mu masezerano y’ubufatanye bw’ubuntu. Ibi byatanze ubukungu bwifashe neza kandi byorohereza ibikorwa mu gihugu bidafite gahunda y’ifaranga ryigenga.
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ifaranga ryemewe ry’ibirwa bya Marshall ni amadorari y’Amerika (USD). Ikigereranyo cyo kuvunja hafi y’amafaranga akomeye kuri USD ni aya akurikira: 1. Euro (EUR) - 1 EUR = 1.23 USD 2. Pound y'Abongereza (GBP) - 1 GBP = 1.36 USD 3. Amadolari y'Abanyakanada (CAD) - 1 CAD = 0,80 USD 4. Amadolari ya Australiya (AUD) - 1 AUD = 0,78 USD 5. Yapani Yen (JPY) - 1 JPY = 0.0092 USD Nyamuneka menya ko ibiciro byivunjisha bigereranijwe kandi birashobora guhinduka buri munsi bitewe nuburyo isoko ryifashe nizindi mpamvu, burigihe rero nibyiza kugenzura hamwe nisoko yizewe kubiciro bigezweho nibiba ngombwa.
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Ibirwa bya Marshall, igihugu cya Micronésie giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika, bizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi y'umwaka. Iyi minsi mikuru yashinze imizi mu muco wabo no mu mateka yabo, bituma abaturage n'abashyitsi bishora mu migenzo gakondo. Umunsi mukuru ukomeye wizihizwa mu birwa bya Marshall ni umunsi w’itegeko nshinga, wizihizwa ku ya 1 Gicurasi buri mwaka. Uyu munsi wibutse iyemezwa ry’itegeko nshinga ryabo, ryabahaye kwiyobora kuva muri Amerika mu 1979. Muri ibyo birori harimo parade, ibitaramo by’umuco, imihango yo kuzamura ibendera, n’ijambo abayobozi ba leta bavuze. Nigihe cyiza cyo kwibonera ishema rya Marshallese mugihe twishimira imbyino numuziki gakondo. Undi munsi mukuru uzwi muri iki gihugu cyirwa ni umunsi wa Nitijela cyangwa umunsi w’inteko ishinga amategeko wizihizwa buri ya 17 Ugushyingo. Kuri uyumunsi, abanya Marshalle bubaha gahunda yubutegetsi bwinteko ishinga amategeko hamwe nibikorwa bitandukanye byabereye munsi yamahema manini azwi nka bai (ahahurira gakondo). Abayobozi ba politiki batanga disikuru zigaragaza iterambere ry’igihugu mu gihe abantu berekana imigenzo nko kuboha imyigaragambyo ndetse n’amarushanwa yo gusiganwa ku bwato. Birashoboka ko imwe mumigenzo yakunzwe cyane mubantu ba marshalse ni umunsi wo kwibuka cyangwa umunsi w'ubutumwa bwiza, wizihizwa ku ya 25 Ukuboza buri mwaka. Nubwo bihuriranye no kwizihiza Noheri ku isi hose, bifite umumaro udasanzwe kubenegihugu ba Marshalle biganjemo amadini ya gikristo. Abaturage baho bahurira hamwe kugirango bitabira ibikorwa byitorero byahariwe kwibuka abapfuye mu mwaka binyuze mu nyigisho zikomeye ziherekejwe nindirimbo zaririmbwe n'amarangamutima. Usibye iyi minsi mikuru yihariye, iyindi minsi mikuru yingenzi harimo umunsi wumwaka mushya (1 Mutarama), umunsi wubwigenge (12 Ugushyingo), Imyiyerekano yimyambarire ya Youth Islander (Kanama), Uburenganzira bwukwezi / Ukwezi kwabasaza (Nyakanga). Ibi birori bitanga amahirwe yinyongera kubaturage ndetse na ba mukerarugendo kugirango bamenye umurage ndangamuco gakondo wo mu birwa bya Marshall binyuze mu imurikagurisha ry’ubuhanzi, amarushanwa ya siporo nko gusiganwa ku magare ya cane cyangwa amarushanwa ya basketball ndetse n’amasomo gakondo yo kuvuga inkuru. Mu gusoza, Ibirwa bya Marshall bizihiza bishimira iminsi mikuru itandukanye ikomeye umwaka wose, bikagaragaza imico yabo nibihe byamateka. Abashyitsi kuri ibi birwa bya pasifika barashobora kwibonera ibirori byinshi byerekana imigenzo gakondo, ibitaramo byaho, hamwe nibyiza byerekana ishema ryigihugu.
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Ibirwa bya Marshall, bizwi ku izina rya Repubulika y’ibirwa bya Marshall, ni igihugu gito kirwa giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika. Nkigihugu gitera imbere gifite umutungo kamere muke nabaturage bake, ibikorwa byubukungu byibanze cyane cyane kuri serivisi nubucuruzi. Ubucuruzi bufite uruhare runini mubukungu bwibirwa bya Marshall. Igihugu cyohereza cyane cyane ibicuruzwa by’amafi nka tuna nshya kandi ikonje, inyama z’amafi, n’ibikomoka ku nyanja. Ibyo bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo Ubuyapani, Tayiwani, Tayilande, Koreya y'Epfo, Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika (USA), n'ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU). Ku bijyanye n’ibitumizwa mu mahanga, Ibirwa bya Marshall byishingikiriza cyane ku mahanga kubera ibyo bikenera mu gihugu. Ibicuruzwa byingenzi bitumizwa mu mahanga birimo ibicuruzwa (nk'umuceri n'ibiribwa bitunganijwe), imashini n'ibikoresho (harimo n'ibinyabiziga), amavuta ya lisansi, imiti, ibikoresho byo kubaka, n'ibicuruzwa. Abafatanyabikorwa bambere mubucuruzi bwo gutumiza mu mahanga ni Amerika nkuru / intara zikurikirwa nu Bushinwa. Korohereza umubano w’ubucuruzi n’ibindi bihugu gucunga neza kandi neza imisoro ya gasutamo cyangwa amahoro ashyirwa ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga / ibyoherezwa mu mahanga; yinjiye mu mashyirahamwe mpuzamahanga nk’umuryango w’ubucuruzi ku isi (WTO) cyangwa amatsinda yo mu karere nk’amasezerano ya pasifika ku bijyanye n’ubukungu bw’ubukungu bwa hafi (PACER Plus). Aba banyamuryango batanga urubuga rwibiganiro bijyanye nubucuruzi nkamasezerano yo kubona isoko cyangwa gukemura amakimbirane. Guverinoma y’ibirwa bya Marshall yemera akamaro ko kwagura amahirwe y’ubucuruzi kugira ngo ubukungu bwiyongere. Harimo gushyirwamo ingufu mu gutandukanya ibicuruzwa byabo byoherezwa mu mahanga hifashishijwe ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n’inganda zijyanye na cocout cyangwa urwego rw’ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku bidukikije. Gushishikariza ishoramari ry’amahanga bikomeje kuba ikindi kintu cyambere mu kuzamura ubucuruzi bw’ibanze mu masoko y’isi. Nubwo guhura nibibazo nko kwigunga kubangamira ibiciro byubwikorezi; gukomeza kwibanda ku kuzamura ibikorwa remezo hamwe n’ishoramari mu ishoramari ry’abantu birashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kuzamura uruhare rw’iki gihugu cya pasifika mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu gihe ubukungu bwacyo muri rusange.
Iterambere ryisoko
Ibirwa bya Marshall biherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika, bifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Nubwo ari igihugu gito, igihugu gifite ibintu byinshi byiza byagira uruhare mu iterambere ryacyo mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Ubwa mbere, ahantu h’ibirwa bya Marshall bitanga amahirwe akomeye yo kwagura ubucuruzi. Hagati ya Aziya na Amerika, ikora nk'ihuriro rikomeye ryo kohereza no guhuza ikirere. Kuba igihugu cyegereye amasoko akomeye bitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kugera mu bihugu by’iburasirazuba n’iburengerazuba, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Icya kabiri, umutungo w’inyanja wa Marshall udasanzwe utanga amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere ubukungu binyuze mu buhinzi n’uburobyi. Hamwe na kilometero kare imwe ya zone yubukungu yihariye (EEZ), ifite ibinyabuzima bitandukanye birimo amoko atandukanye y’amafi ndetse n’ubutare bw’amabuye y'agaciro. Mu gushora imari mu bikorwa by’uburobyi burambye no guteza imbere inganda zijyanye no gutunganya ibiribwa byo mu nyanja n’ubuhinzi bw’amafi, igihugu gishobora kuzamura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihe biteza imbere guhanga imirimo mu gihugu. Byongeye kandi, ubukerarugendo bufite amahirwe menshi nkisoko yinjiza mu birwa bya Marshall kubera ubwiza nyaburanga butangaje. Iki kirwa kizwi cyane ku nkombe zacyo nziza, lagoons zisobanutse neza, ahantu nyaburanga amateka nk'ibisigisigi by'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose kuri Kwajalein Atoll, n'umurage udasanzwe w'umuco. Mu gushora imari mu iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo nko gucumbika na serivisi zitwara abantu mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ubusugire bw’ibidukikije, igihugu gishobora gukurura ba mukerarugendo baturutse hirya no hino ku isi bashaka uburambe nyabwo. Byongeye kandi, ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu zitanga indi nzira yo kuzamuka mu bukungu mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga. Nkigihugu cyirwa cyibasiwe cyane ningaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere nko kuzamuka kw’inyanja cyangwa ibihe by’ikirere bikabije; kwerekeza ku masoko y’ingufu zisukuye nk’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba cyangwa imirima y’umuyaga ntabwo byagabanya gusa kwishingikiriza ku bicanwa by’ibinyabuzima gusa ahubwo binatanga amahirwe yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze mu kohereza ibicuruzwa birenze ingufu mu bihugu duturanye. Muri rusange, ikirwa cya Marhsall cy’imiterere y’akarere hamwe n’ubutunzi bwinshi bwo mu nyanja bushingiye ku buryo burambye bushingiye ku iterambere ry’ubukerarugendo hamwe no gukoresha ingufu zitavugururwa zitanga ingufu zitanga imbaraga nyinshi zifungura inzira nshya ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ritandukanya iterambere ry’ubukungu. Mu gusoza, Ibirwa bya Marshall bifite imbaraga zidakoreshwa mu iterambere ry’isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga kubera aho riherereye, umutungo w’inyanja, icyerekezo cy’ubukerarugendo, ndetse n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu. Hamwe n’ishoramari rikwiye n’igenamigambi rifatika, igihugu gishobora gukoresha izo mbaraga kugira ngo gishimangire ibikorwa byoherezwa mu mahanga no kohereza mu mahanga ubukungu burambye ku baturage.
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu gito kirwa giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika. Ubukungu bwabwo bushingiye cyane ku bucuruzi bw’amahanga, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga birimo ibikomoka ku mafi, ibishishwa, n’imyenda. Kugirango tumenye ibicuruzwa bigurishwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga, hagomba kwitabwaho bimwe. Icya mbere, ni ngombwa gusesengura imigendekere yisi n'ibisabwa. Kumenya ibyiciro byamamare kandi bigenda bigaragara birashobora gutanga ubushishozi kumahirwe yisoko. Kurugero, ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije kandi birambye bigenda byiyongera kwisi yose; kubwibyo, guhitamo ibintu bihuye nibyifuzo bishobora kubyara ibicuruzwa byinshi byo kugurisha. Icya kabiri, gusobanukirwa ibyo isoko ryifuza hamwe nubukangurambaga bwumuco ningirakamaro muguhitamo ibicuruzwa neza. Gukora ubushakashatsi bunoze ku isoko bifasha kumenya ibicuruzwa bikurura abaguzi mu turere cyangwa ibihugu byihariye. Icya gatatu, kwibanda kubintu bidasanzwe cyangwa niche birashobora guha Ibirwa bya Marshall inyungu zo guhatanira. Kumenya ibicuruzwa byihariye byerekana umutungo kamere wigihugu cyangwa ibihangano byabasangwabutaka bishobora gukurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka ikindi kintu. Byongeye kandi, urebye ubushobozi buhendutse kandi bukoreshwa neza ningirakamaro mugukora ubucuruzi bwunguka. Guhitamo ibintu bitanga ibiciro byapiganwa bitabangamiye ubuziranenge birashobora gufasha gutwara ibicuruzwa. Gufatanya nabahinguzi baho nabanyabukorikori birashobora kandi koroshya guhitamo ibicuruzwa kuko biteza imbere inganda zo murugo mugihe bitanga ukuri mubicuruzwa byoherejwe hanze. Gushishikariza ubufatanye hagati yubucuruzi bwaho n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga bishobora kuvamo ibicuruzwa bishya bitanga umusaruro uhuza amasoko yo hanze ndetse nubushobozi bwimbere mu gihugu. Ubwanyuma, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ukoresheje urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rutanga amahirwe yo kugera kubakiriya benshi ku isi. Kubaka kumurongo bifasha uburyo bworoshye kubaguzi bashakisha ibirwa bidasanzwe bya Marshall. Kugira ngo uhangane n’ibibazo byo guhitamo ibicuruzwa bigurishwa bishyushye ku masoko y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bisaba guhuza ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku byerekezo byisi / ibikenewe / ibyo ukunda hamwe no gusobanukirwa imbaraga z’ibirwa bya Marshall ndetse n’ubufatanye hagati y’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye mu bukungu bwabo.
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika, kigizwe na atorali 29 ya korali n'ibirwa bitanu byitaruye. Hatuwe n'abantu bagera ku 53.000, Ibirwa bya Marshall bifite imigenzo yihariye n'imigenzo gakondo. Iyo bigeze kubiranga abakiriya mu birwa bya Marshall, hari ingingo nke zingenzi ugomba gusuzuma. Ubwa mbere, kubaha abasaza bihabwa agaciro cyane mumico ya Marshallese. Abakiriya bazajya berekeza kubantu bakuze cyangwa abafite imyanya y'ubuyobozi aho batuye. Ni ngombwa kwerekana icyubahiro no kubaha abakiriya bakuze mugihe bakorana nabo. Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga abakiriya ba Marshallese ni imyumvire yabo yabaturage hamwe na hamwe. Imiryango igira uruhare runini muri societe, kandi ibyemezo akenshi bifatirwa hamwe aho kuba umuntu kugiti cye. Mugihe ukorana nabakiriya ba Marshallese, ni ngombwa kumenya iyi ngingo ushizemo abagize umuryango benshi cyangwa gushaka ibitekerezo mubaturage nkuko bikenewe. Kubijyanye na kirazira yabakiriya cyangwa ibibujijwe (禁忌), ibintu bimwe na bimwe birashobora kuba byoroshye mugihe ukora ubucuruzi nabantu ba Marshallese. Icya mbere, ni ngombwa kwirinda kuganira ku bibazo bya kirimbuzi cyangwa aho ariho hose bifitanye isano n’ibyabaye nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose igihe igeragezwa rya kirimbuzi ryabereye kuri atoll zimwe na zimwe zo mu karere. Iyi ngingo iracyafite akamaro gakomeye kumarangamutima kubaturage benshi kubera ingaruka zubuzima bwabo nibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, ingingo zijyanye no kwishyiriraho umuco zigomba kugerwaho muburyo bwiyubashye kandi bwiyubashye mugihe cyo gukorana nabakiriya ba Marshallese. Nkumuntu utari hanze yishora muri uyu muco, gusobanukirwa imigenzo gakondo nkimbyino cyangwa ubukorikori bigomba gukorwa binyuze mumiyoboro iboneye hamwe nubuyobozi bukwiye bwinzobere zaho aho gukoresha ibintu byumuco nta ruhushya. Muri rusange, gusobanukirwa indangagaciro z'umuco zijyanye n'imyaka hamwe no guhuriza hamwe hamwe mugihe wubaha ibyabaye mumateka akomeye bizafasha gushiraho umubano mwiza nabakiriya ba Marshall
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika rwagati. Ifite uburyo bwihariye bwo gucunga gasutamo mu rwego rwo kugenzura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, ndetse no kurinda umutekano n'umutekano ku mipaka yacyo. Serivisi ya gasutamo yo mu birwa bya Marshall ikora iyobowe na Minisiteri y’Imari, itanga serivisi zitandukanye zirimo gukuraho gasutamo, gusuzuma imisoro, gushyira mu byiciro, no korohereza ubucuruzi. Ibicuruzwa byose byinjira cyangwa biva mu gihugu bigomba kunyura muri gasutamo ku byambu cyangwa ku bibuga by'indege. Kugirango hubahirizwe amabwiriza ya gasutamo, abagenzi basura ibirwa bya Marshall bagomba kumenya ibintu bimwe na bimwe mbere yuko bahagera: 1. Inyandiko: Menya neza ko ufite ibyangombwa byose byingendo birimo pasiporo yemewe, viza (nibisabwa), nimpushya zose zisabwa zo kuzana ibicuruzwa bibujijwe. 2. Ibintu bibujijwe: Gutumiza cyangwa kohereza mu mahanga ibintu bimwe na bimwe nk'imbunda, ibiyobyabwenge, ibicuruzwa byiganano, ibikoresho byangiza cyangwa ibintu birabujijwe n'amategeko. 3. Imipaka itishyurwa: Menyera imipaka itishyurwa kubintu byawe nk'inzoga n'ibicuruzwa by'itabi byemewe gukoreshwa wenyine. Kurenga izo mipaka birashobora kuvamo kwishyura imisoro yashyizweho nubuyobozi bwa gasutamo. 4. Amabwiriza agenga umutekano w’ibinyabuzima: Ibirwa bya Marshall bifite amategeko akomeye y’ibinyabuzima kugira ngo arinde urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byoroshye amoko n’indwara zitera. Menyesha ibicuruzwa byose byubuhinzi ushobora kuba utwaye ukihagera kugirango wirinde ibihano cyangwa kwamburwa. 5. Kubuza Ifaranga: Nta mbogamizi yihariye ihari; ariko, amafaranga arenga USD 10,000 agomba gutangazwa akimara kugera kugirango yubahirize ingamba zo kurwanya ruswa ku isi. 6. Kugenzura imizigo: Abakozi ba gasutamo barashobora kugenzura imizigo idasanzwe kugira ngo bamenye ibintu bitemewe cyangwa ibicuruzwa bitamenyekanye; ubufatanye muri iri genzura rirashimirwa. 7. Kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’ubucuruzi: Serivisi ishinzwe gasutamo ikurikirana byimazeyo ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu mbibi zayo kugira ngo hirindwe ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bitemewe nko kwinjiza magendu no kunyereza amafaranga. Ni ngombwa ko abashyitsi bubahiriza aya mategeko kandi bagafatanya n'abashinzwe za gasutamo iyo binjiye cyangwa bava mu birwa bya Marshall. Kubahiriza bizatuma uburambe bw’ingendo bugenda neza kandi butaruhije mu gihe hubahirizwa umutekano n’ubusugire bw’umupaka w’igihugu.
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Ibirwa bya Marshall, igihugu giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika, gifite politiki yihariye yerekeye imisoro n’imisoro itumizwa mu mahanga. Igihugu gikurikiza uburyo bushingiye ku misoro ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, bivuze ko imisoro itangwa ku bintu bitandukanye byazanywe mu gihugu. Igipimo cy’amahoro yatumijwe mu mahanga kuva kuri zeru kugeza kuri 45 ku ijana bitewe n'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa. Muri rusange, ibikenerwa nkibanze byibiribwa nubuvuzi bisonewe imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga kugira ngo abaturage baho baboneke kandi bihendutse. Nyamara, ibicuruzwa bihenze nka alcool, ibicuruzwa by itabi, hamwe na elegitoroniki yo mu rwego rwo hejuru bikurura umusoro mwinshi. Byongeye kandi, ibintu bimwe bishobora gutangirwa imisoro yinyongera nkumusoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA) cyangwa umusoro ku musoro iyo winjiye mu birwa bya Marshall. Igipimo cy'umusoro ku nyongeragaciro gishyizwe kuri 8%, kikaba gikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa na serivisi byinshi bitumizwa mu mahanga cyangwa bigurishwa mu gihugu imbere. Byongeye kandi, umusoro ku musoro ushobora gutangwa ku bicuruzwa byihariye nk'ibikomoka kuri peteroli cyangwa ibinyabiziga. Ni ngombwa ko abantu cyangwa ubucuruzi butumiza ibicuruzwa mu birwa bya Marshall kubahiriza amabwiriza ya gasutamo. Ibi bikubiyemo gutangaza agaciro nyako k'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga no kwishyura imisoro n'amahoro asabwa ku cyambu cyinjira. Kugira ngo inzira z’ubucuruzi zoroherezwe kandi habeho gukorera mu mucyo ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo, Ibirwa bya Marshall byashyize mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gutumiza gasutamo mu buryo bwikora bwitwa ASYCUDAWorld. Uru rubuga rwa sisitemu rushoboza abacuruzi gutanga ibyangombwa bya elegitoroniki mugihe batanga uburyo bunoze bwo gutumiza mu mahanga binyuze muri sisitemu yo kwishyura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Mu gusoza, Ibirwa bya Marshall bishyira mu bikorwa gahunda ishingiye ku giciro hamwe n’ibiciro bitandukanye by’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga. Mugihe ibikenerwa byibanze byishimira gusonerwa imisoro, ibintu byiza bikurura ibiciro biri hejuru. Abacuruzi bagomba kumenya imisoro yinyongera nka TVA cyangwa imisoro ku musoro ishobora gukoreshwa bitewe nimiterere yabyo. Kubahiriza amabwiriza ya gasutamo ni ngombwa mu bucuruzi bworoshye muri iki gihugu cyirwa.
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu gito mu nyanja ya pasifika kizwiho ubutunzi bwinshi bwo mu nyanja. Hamwe n'ubutaka buke n'umutungo kamere, igihugu gishingiye cyane cyane kubitumizwa mu mahanga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, politiki y’imisoro yo mu birwa bya Marshall yibanda cyane ku misoro yatumijwe mu mahanga kuruta imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga. Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu birwa bya Marshall muri rusange ntibisoreshwa imisoro yihariye yoherezwa mu mahanga. Iyi politiki igamije gushishikariza no gutera inkunga ubucuruzi bwaho mu kohereza ibicuruzwa byabo ku masoko mpuzamahanga bitarinze kwishyiriraho imitwaro y’amafaranga. Ariko, birakwiye ko tumenya ko politiki zishobora gutandukana bitewe nubwoko bwihariye bwibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze. Ibicuruzwa bimwe bishobora gukurikiza amabwiriza cyangwa ibibujijwe byashyizweho ninzego mpuzamahanga cyangwa amasezerano yubucuruzi. Kurugero, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga by’uburobyi birashobora gukenera kubahiriza ibisabwa n’imiryango ishinzwe uburobyi mu karere, bikarinda uburobyi burambye. Guverinoma y’ibirwa bya Marshall kandi yashyize umukono ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi y’ibihugu byombi ndetse n’ibihugu byinshi kugira ngo yorohereze ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga no guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Aya masezerano akenshi akubiyemo ingingo zigamije kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho imisoro nizindi nzitizi zibangamira ubucuruzi. Muri rusange, mu kudashyiraho imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga no kugira uruhare rugaragara mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi, Ibirwa bya Marshall biharanira kuzamura ubukungu binyuze mu kongera ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihe hubahirizwa amahame mpuzamahanga agenga imikorere irambye mu nzego z’uburobyi.
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu gito mu karere ka pasifika, kigizwe n'ibirwa na atoll. Nubwo idafite ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byoherezwa mu mahanga, igihugu cyashyizeho ibyemezo bimwe na bimwe byoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byujuje ubuziranenge no kubahiriza. Kimwe mu byemezo nyamukuru byoherezwa mu birwa bya Marshall ni Icyemezo cy'inkomoko (CO). Iki cyemezo kigaragaza ko ibicuruzwa byabonetse cyangwa byakozwe mu birwa bya Marshall. Itanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko uburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa bwubahiriza amabwiriza n’ibanze. CO ni ingenzi mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga kuko ituma ubuvuzi bwubahirizwa mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi kandi bukemerera kugabanyirizwa imisoro. Byongeye kandi, Ibirwa bya Marshall bitanga kandi Phytosanitary Certificat kubicuruzwa byubuhinzi. Izi mpamyabumenyi zemeza ko ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga nk'imbuto, imboga, cyangwa ibiti byujuje ibyangombwa by'ubuzima bijyanye n'udukoko n'indwara. Impamyabumenyi ya Phytosanitarie ni ngombwa mu kurinda umutekano n’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Byongeye kandi, ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byakozwe mu birwa bya Marshall birashobora gusaba ibyemezo bijyanye n’inganda bishingiye ku bipimo mpuzamahanga. Kurugero, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki cyangwa ibikoresho byamashanyarazi birashobora gukenera kubahiriza icyemezo cya RoHS (Kubuza ibintu byangiza) mbere yuko byoherezwa hanze. Abashora ibicuruzwa mu birwa bya Marshall barashobora kubona izo mpamyabumenyi babinyujije mu bigo bitandukanye bya leta nka Minisiteri y’umutungo n’iterambere cyangwa ababahagarariye babiherewe uburenganzira. Igikorwa cyo gusaba kirimo gutanga ibyangombwa nkenerwa bijyanye ninkomoko y'ibicuruzwa cyangwa kubahiriza amabwiriza abigenga yagenwe n'ibihugu bitumiza mu mahanga. Mu gusoza, mu gihe ibirwa bya Marshall byoherezwa mu mahanga ari bike bitewe n’uburinganire bw’imiterere n’umutungo uhari, igihugu gikora igenzura ryiza binyuze mu mpamyabumenyi zitandukanye nkicyemezo cy’inkomoko, Icyemezo cya Phytosanitarite ku bicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi, hamwe n’impamyabumenyi yihariye y’inganda igihe bibaye ngombwa. Izi mpamyabumenyi zitanga ibyiringiro ku bafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi ku bijyanye n’ukuri, kubahiriza amahame y’umutekano, hamwe n’amategeko ajyanye n’ibicuruzwa bikomoka muri iki gihugu cy’ibirwa bya pasifika.
Basabwe ibikoresho
Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika rwagati, kigizwe na 29 ya korali yo hasi. Bitewe n’ahantu haherereye kure kandi ibikorwa remezo bigarukira, ibikoresho birashobora kuba ingorabahizi muri iki gihugu cyibirwa. Ariko, hari ibyifuzo byinshi byo gukoresha ibikoresho neza mu birwa bya Marshall: 1. Ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere: Uburyo bwizewe bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu birwa bya Marshall no kuva mu bicuruzwa biva mu kirere. Igihugu gifite ikibuga cyindege mpuzamahanga giherereye kuri atoll nkuru ya Majuro, ikayihuza n’akarere ndetse n’amahanga. Amasosiyete menshi atwara imizigo akora ingendo zitanga serivisi zisanzwe kubirwa bya Marshall. 2. Serivise zo ku nyanja: Ibirwa bya Marshall bifite kandi icyambu cya Majuro Atoll gitanga uburyo bwo kubona amasosiyete atwara ibicuruzwa. Itanga serivisi nziza zo gutwara ibintu kandi igira uruhare runini muguhuza ibirwa n'inzira z'ubucuruzi ku isi. 3. Abashinzwe gutwara ibicuruzwa byaho: Kugendana ningorabahizi yibikoresho biri mu birwa, birasabwa gufatanya nabashinzwe gutwara ibicuruzwa. Bafite ubuhanga mu gutunganya ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo kandi birashobora korohereza gutwara ibicuruzwa neza hagati ya atoll zitandukanye. 4. Ubwikorezi hagati yizinga: Kwimura ibicuruzwa hagati ya atoll zitandukanye mu birwa bya Marshall birashobora kuba ingorabahizi kubera ibikorwa remezo bike hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara abantu. Gukoresha serivisi zitwara abantu hagati yizinga zitangwa nabakora ubwato bwaho cyangwa indege nto birashobora gukenerwa mugukwirakwiza neza. 5 6. Amategeko ya gasutamo: Gusobanukirwa no kubahiriza amabwiriza ya gasutamo ni ngombwa mugihe cyo gutumiza cyangwa kohereza ibicuruzwa mu birwa bya Marshall. Gukorana cyane nabafatanyabikorwa baho cyangwa abafite ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo babimenyereye bituma hubahirizwa amategeko yose mugihe wirinda gutinda cyangwa ibihano mugihe cyo gutwara. 7. Imyiteguro yihutirwa: Urebye ko ishobora kwibasirwa n’ibiza byibasiwe n’inkubi y'umuyaga n’izamuka ry’inyanja, kugira gahunda z’ibihe byihutirwa bishobora guhungabana ni ngombwa mu gihe harebwa ibikorwa by’ibikoresho byo mu birwa bya Marshalls. Kumenya imiburo ya leta cyangwa inama ndetse no gukomeza inzira z’ibikoresho bishobora gufasha kugabanya ingaruka zishobora guterwa. . Mu gusoza, mu gihe ibikoresho byo mu birwa bya Marshall bitera imbogamizi zidasanzwe bitewe n’aho biherereye ndetse n’ibikorwa remezo bigarukira, gukoresha serivisi zitwara abantu mu kirere, gufatanya n’abakozi boherejwe mu bwikorezi, gusobanukirwa amabwiriza ya gasutamo, no kwitegura ibyihutirwa ni ibyifuzo by’ingenzi byo gutwara ibicuruzwa neza muri igihugu.
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Ibirwa bya Marshall biherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika, ntibishobora kuba kimwe mu bihugu binini, ariko bitanga inzira nyinshi z’amasoko mpuzamahanga n’amasoko y’ubucuruzi ku bucuruzi. Nubunini bwayo, Ibirwa bya Marshall byashoboye gushiraho umubano nabafatanyabikorwa kwisi no gukurura abaguzi b’amahanga binyuze muburyo butandukanye. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma zimwe mu nzira zikomeye z’amasoko mpuzamahanga n’ubucuruzi mu birwa bya Marshall. Umuyoboro umwe wingenzi wamasoko mpuzamahanga mu birwa bya Marshall ni mumasezerano ya leta. Guverinoma ikunze kwishora mu kugura ibicuruzwa na serivisi haba mu masosiyete yo mu karere ndetse no mu mahanga. Aya masezerano akubiyemo inganda zitandukanye nk'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, itumanaho, no guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara abantu. Byongeye kandi, ibigo byinshi by’amahanga bishakisha amahirwe yo gushora imari mu rwego rw’uburobyi mu gihugu. Hamwe nubutunzi bwinshi bwamazi akikije ibirwa byayo, uburobyi nigikorwa gikomeye cyubukungu kubirwa bya Marshall. Ibi bikurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka kugura ibicuruzwa byamafi nka tuna cyangwa marlin. Byongeye kandi, ubukerarugendo bugira uruhare runini mu kuzamura ubukungu muri iki gihugu cyiza. Hashyizweho ibibanza byinshi by'akataraboneka ku birwa byayo bidahwitse kugira ngo bihuze n'abagenzi bo mu rwego rwo hejuru bashaka uburambe bwo mu turere dushyuha. Isosiyete mpuzamahanga itanga abashyitsi irashobora kwishora mu nganda itanga ibikoresho byiza cyangwa ibikoresho byiza. Ku bijyanye n’imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha byorohereza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ku batanga Marshallese cyangwa ababikora mu mahanga, ibirori byingenzi cyane ntagushidikanya gushora imari mubucuruzi bwa pasifika (PTI) Intego yubucuruzi ya Ositaraliya - Gahunda yubucuruzi bwisoko rya Pasifika (PBMAP). Ibi birori byibanze ku kongera isoko ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu birwa bya pasifika mu kwerekana ibicuruzwa byabo mu imurikagurisha rikomeye ry’ubucuruzi muri Ositaraliya. Itanga urubuga rwiza kubucuruzi bwa Marshallese bugamije kohereza ibicuruzwa byabo mumahanga. Iyindi murikagurisha ryamamaye ryateguwe n’ishoramari ry’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwa Pasifika (PTI Ubushinwa), ritumira abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bitandukanye byo mu birwa bya pasifika harimo n’ibirwa bya Marshall hamwe n’abinjira mu Bushinwa bashaka amahirwe mashya y’ubucuruzi muri izo nganda nk’ikoranabuhanga ritunganya ibiribwa cyangwa ikwirakwizwa ry’ubuhinzi. Usibye ibyo bintu byihariye, Ibirwa bya Marshall binitabira cyane imurikagurisha ry’akarere ndetse n’amahanga ryateguwe n’ibihugu nka Ositaraliya, Nouvelle-Zélande, Ubuyapani, na Amerika. Iri murika ritanga amahirwe kubucuruzi bwa Marshallese bwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa byabo cyangwa serivisi kubaguzi b’abanyamahanga baturutse mu nganda zitandukanye. Mu gusoza, nubwo ari ntoya, Ibirwa bya Marshall bitanga inzira nyinshi zingenzi zitanga amasoko hamwe nubucuruzi bwerekana ubucuruzi. Amasezerano ya leta akubiyemo inganda zitandukanye kuva ubwubatsi kugeza ibikoresho byubuzima. Abaguzi b’abanyamahanga bashishikajwe n’uburobyi bw’igihugu barashobora gushakisha kugura ibicuruzwa by’amafi nka tuna cyangwa marlin. Byongeye kandi, amasosiyete atanga ubukerarugendo no kwakira abashyitsi afite amahirwe menshi yo gutanga umusanzu muri uru ruganda rutera imbere. Igihugu kandi kigira uruhare rugaragara mubucuruzi bwateguwe haba mukarere ndetse no kwisi yose mugihe bwakiriye ibirori byacyo PBMAP binyuze muri PTI Australiya. Hamwe ninzira ziboneka, ubucuruzi bwa Marshallese bufite amahirwe yo gushiraho umubano nabaguzi mpuzamahanga no kwagura ibikorwa byabo kurenga imipaka yigihugu cyabo.
Mu birwa bya Marshall, hari moteri nyinshi zishakisha zikoreshwa. Dore bimwe muribi hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Google: https://www.google.com Google niyo moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane kwisi yose, harimo no mu birwa bya Marshall. Itanga ibisubizo byuzuye byubushakashatsi nibindi byinshi byongeweho nko gushakisha amashusho, amakuru, amakarita, hamwe nubusobanuro. 2. Yahoo: https://www.yahoo.com Yahoo nindi moteri ishakisha izwi cyane itanga serivisi zitandukanye zirimo amakuru, serivisi za imeri, ivugurura rya siporo nibindi byinshi. 3. Bing: https://www.bing.com Bing ni moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa na Microsoft itanga ubushobozi bwo gushakisha kurubuga rusa na Google na Yahoo. Itanga kandi ibintu nkibishusho no gushakisha amashusho. 4. DuckDuckGo: https://duckduckgo.com DuckDuckGo izwiho uburyo bwibanze bwibanga mugushakisha urubuga. Ntabwo ikurikirana amakuru yumukoresha cyangwa kugena ibisubizo ukurikije ubushakashatsi bwabanje. 5. Yandex: https://yandex.com Yandex ni isosiyete ikorera mu Burusiya ikorera mu bihugu byinshi itanga serivisi n'ibicuruzwa bijyanye na interineti nka moteri ishakisha hamwe na verisiyo z’ibihugu bitandukanye. 6. Baidu: http://www.baidu.com (ururimi rw'igishinwa) Baidu ni imwe mu masosiyete akomeye ya interineti akoresha igishinwa atanga serivisi zitandukanye kuri interineti harimo na moteri yayo ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane mu mbibi z’Ubushinwa. 7. Naver: https://www.naver.com (ururimi rw'igikoreya) Naver ni umuyoboro wa interineti wa mbere muri Koreya yepfo urimo moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane mu rurimi rwa koreya ihuza ibyo igihugu gikeneye. Izi ni zimwe mu moteri zikoreshwa mu gushakisha mu birwa bya Marshall; icyakora, twakagombye kumenya ko Google ikunda kuganza imikoreshereze yisi yose kubera kuboneka kwinshi mu ndimi nyinshi hamwe nibintu byinshi biranga.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Ibirwa bya Marshall biherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika yo hagati, ni igihugu kigizwe na atorali 29 ya korali. Nubwo ari ntoya kandi iri kure, ifite ububiko bwingirakamaro kubaturage n'abashyitsi. Dore amwe mumapaji yingenzi yumuhondo mubirwa bya Marshall hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Urupapuro rwumuhondo Ibirwa bya Marshall - Ububiko bwemewe bwurupapuro rwumuhondo kubirwa bya Marshall urashobora kubisanga kuri www.yellowpages.com.mh/. Itanga urutonde rwuzuye rwubucuruzi mubyiciro bitandukanye nko guhaha, kurya, serivisi, nibindi byinshi. 2. Ubucuruzi bwa BIAsmart - Ishyirahamwe ryinganda zubucuruzi zo mu birwa bya Marshall (BIA) ritanga ububiko bwa interineti bwitwa BIAsmart bugaragaza ubucuruzi bwaho bwashyizwe mubikorwa byinganda. Urashobora kuyigeraho kuri www.biasmart.com. 3. Sura RMI - Sura urubuga rwa RMI (www.visitmarshallislands.com/directory) ikubiyemo igice cya Directory aho ba mukerarugendo bashobora kubona amakuru kubyerekeye amacumbi, serivisi zitwara abantu, resitora, abakora ingendo, nibindi byiza bikurura ibirwa. 4. Ikigo gishinzwe itumanaho ryibirwa bya Marshall (TAM) - Urubuga rwa TAM (www.tam.fm/index.php/component/content/article/16-about-us/17-amakuru-amakuru-amakuru biro bya leta n'ibigo bitandukanye mu gihugu. 5 . Ububiko bugomba kugufasha kubona amakuru ajyanye nubucuruzi bwibanze cyangwa ibiro bya leta ushobora gukenera kubigeraho mugihe uri cyangwa utegura uruzinduko rwawe mu birwa bya Marshall.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu gito kirwa giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika, kandi gifite aho kigarukira mu bucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi. Kugeza ubu, hari imiyoboro minini ya e-ubucuruzi iboneka mu birwa bya Marshall. Dore bimwe muribi hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Pasifika itaziguye - Uyu mucuruzi wo kumurongo atanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho byimyambarire, nibindi byinshi. Urubuga: www.pacificdirectonline.com 2. Ikirwa cya Bazaar - Ikirwa cya Bazaar ni urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi ruzobereye mu kugurisha ubukorikori gakondo, urwibutso, n’ibicuruzwa byakorewe mu karere ka Marshall. Urubuga: www.islandbazaar.net 3. MicraShop - MicraShop ni isoko ryo kumurongo ryemerera ubucuruzi bwaho kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo na serivisi kubakiriya bo mu birwa bya Marshall. Urubuga: www.micrashop.com/marshallislands 4. MIEcommerce - MIEcommerce itanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye kuva kuri electronics kugeza kumyenda kubiciro byapiganwa kubantu bo mu birwa bya Marshall. Urubuga: www.miecommerce.com/marshallislands Ni ngombwa kumenya ko nk'izinga rya Marshall ari rito ugereranije no kwinjira kuri interineti no guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo ugereranije n'ibihugu binini, kuboneka no kugera ku mbuga za e-ubucuruzi bishobora kuba bike. Kugura ibicuruzwa byihariye cyangwa kubaza kubijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze cyangwa hanze yibi bibuga, birasabwa gusura imbuga zabo kugirango ubone ibisobanuro birambuye cyangwa ukabaza ubufasha bwabakiriya kugirango bagufashe.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Ibirwa bya Marshall, igihugu gito kirwa mu nyanja ya pasifika, gifite imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane mu baturage baho. Dore imbuga nkoranyambaga zikunze gukoreshwa mu birwa bya Marshall: 1. Facebook: Facebook ikoreshwa cyane mu birwa bya Marshall nk'uburyo bwo gutumanaho no guhuza imiyoboro. Imishinga myinshi, amashyirahamwe, nabantu ku giti cyabo bakomeza page ya Facebook kugirango bakomeze guhuza inshuti zabo, abagize umuryango, hamwe nabakiriya. Urubuga: www.facebook.com 2. Instagram: Instagram nizindi mbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane mu birwa bya Marshall byibanda ku gusangira amafoto na videwo. Abenegihugu bakunze gusangira amashusho yimiterere nyaburanga kuva mu birwa cyangwa ibihe bya buri munsi mubuzima bwabo. Urubuga: www.instagram.com 3. Snapchat: Snapchat irazwi cyane mu rubyiruko rwo mu birwa bya Marshall kubera gusangira amafoto na videwo by'agateganyo n'inshuti. Abenegihugu benshi bakoresha amashusho atandukanye ya Snapchat kugirango bongere ibintu bishimishije kubyo bafata. Urubuga: www.snapchat.com 4. WhatsApp: Nubwo atari imbuga nkoranyambaga kuri buri mwanya, WhatsApp ikoreshwa n’abenegihugu ba Marshallese mu rwego rwo gutumanaho mu matsinda cyangwa kuganira umwe umwe. Urubuga: www.whatsapp.com 5. LinkedIn (kumurongo wumwuga): Nubwo itamenyekanye cyane ugereranije nizindi mbuga zavuzwe haruguru, LinkedIn ikoreshwa ninzobere mu birwa bya Marshall muguhuza no gushakisha akazi. Urubuga: www.linkedin.com Ni ngombwa kumenya ko iyi platform ishobora guhinduka mugihe bitewe nuburyo bushya cyangwa ikoranabuhanga rishya; Byaba byiza rero ugenzuye buri gihe amakuru yose ari muri iyi miterere yimiterere yimbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa mu birwa bya Marshall.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Ibirwa bya Marshall, igihugu cyirwa mu nyanja ya pasifika, gifite amashyirahamwe menshi yinganda ahagarariye imirenge itandukanye. Dore amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda zo mu birwa bya Marshall hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Urugereko rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Marshall (MICOC): Uyu ni umuryango w’ubucuruzi uyobora guteza imbere no gutera inkunga ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi mu birwa bya Marshall. Batanga ibikoresho, amahirwe yo guhuza, hamwe n'ubuvugizi kubucuruzi bwaho. Sura urubuga rwabo kuri www.micoc.net. 2. Ishyirahamwe ryubwato bwibirwa bya Marshall (SAMI): SAMI ihagarariye kandi igateza imbere inyungu za banyiri ubwato nababikora munsi yibendera rya Repubulika yizinga rya Marshall. Bakora kugirango bagumane ibipimo bihanitse mubikorwa byo kohereza no kubahiriza umutekano. Kubindi bisobanuro, sura kuri www.sami.shipping.org. 3. Ishyirahamwe ry’amakoperative ya Majuro (MCA): MCA n’umuryango udaharanira inyungu utera inkunga imibereho myiza y’ubukungu utanga gahunda z’ubutabazi ku baturage batishoboye bo muri Majuro Atoll, harimo serivisi z’ubuzima, gahunda z’uburezi, inkunga y’amazu, na gahunda z’imari iciriritse kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo. Wige byinshi kubikorwa byabo kuri www.majurocooperativeassociation.com. 4. Uruganda rukora ingufu rwa Marshalls (MEC): MEC ishinzwe gutanga serivisi z’amashanyarazi zizewe kuri Majuro Atoll hakoreshejwe uburyo bunoze bwo kubyaza ingufu ingufu mu gihe harebwa uburyo burambye nk’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu zigamije kugabanya guterwa n’ibicanwa by’ibinyabuzima buhoro buhoro. Sura urubuga rwabo kuri www.mecorp.com. 5. Urugaga rw’abavoka rusaba ibirego bya kirimbuzi: Iri shyirahamwe ritanga ubuvugizi n’inkunga ku bantu bashaka indishyi z’imvune cyangwa igihombo cyatewe n’ibizamini bya kirimbuzi byakozwe n’ibihugu bitandukanye igihe bigaruriraga ubutaka bwa Marshallese nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose kugeza mu 1986 igihe ubwigenge bwemewe bwatangwaga na United Ibihugu byizewe. Mugihe amakuru nyayo yurubuga adashobora kuboneka kubera ko ashobora guhinduka mugihe, urashobora gushakisha kumurongo ukoresheje ijambo ryibanze nka "Urugaga rw’abavoka mu kirimbuzi cya kirimbuzi" rwahujwe n "" Ibirwa bya Marshall "cyangwa amagambo ajyanye nayo kugirango ubone amakuru agezweho. Nyamuneka menya ko urutonde ruhagarariye amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda mu birwa bya Marshall, kandi hashobora kubaho andi mashyirahamwe yihariye yimirenge cyangwa inganda zitavuzwe hano.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Dore zimwe mu mbuga zubukungu nubucuruzi zijyanye nibirwa bya Marshall: 1. Minisiteri y’umutungo kamere n’ubucuruzi: Urubuga rwemewe rwa minisiteri ishinzwe guteza imbere ubukungu, ishoramari, n’iterambere rirambye mu birwa bya Marshall. Urubuga: http://commerce.gov.mh/ 2. RMI ishoramari: Nisosiyete ya leta ishishikariza ishoramari ryamahanga mumirenge itandukanye yubukungu. Urubuga: http://www.rmiic.org/ 3. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Majuro: Yerekana ubucuruzi bwaho kandi atanga ibikoresho kubashoramari bifuza gukora ubucuruzi mu birwa bya Marshall. Urubuga: https://majuromicronesiaprobusiness.com/ 4. Banki y'ibirwa bya Marshall (BMI): Banki y'ibanze itanga serivisi z'imari no gushyigikira ibikorwa by'ubukungu mu gihugu. Urubuga: https://www.bankmarshall.com/ 5. Repubulika y’ibirwa bya Marshall Politiki y’ubukungu Igenamigambi & Ibarurishamibare (EPPO): Itanga isesengura ry’ubukungu, amakuru, na gahunda yo gushyiraho politiki yo gushyigikira ibyemezo bifatika by’inzego za Leta, ubucuruzi, n’abashoramari. Urubuga: https://eppso.rmiembassyus.org/ 6. Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku iterambere (UNDP) - Ibiro by’ibirwa bya Marshall: Ifasha imishinga y’iterambere igamije kugabanya ubukene, kubungabunga ibidukikije, kwishyira hamwe kwabaturage, no guteza imbere imiyoborere. Urubuga: http://www.pacificwater.org/assets/undp/documents/MARSHALL_ISLANDS/main_land.htm 7. Komisiyo y'Ubucuruzi ya Micronésie - Ibiro bya New York Guteza imbere ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bya Micronésie harimo n’ibirwa bya Marshall utanga amakuru ku mahirwe y’ibikorwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Nyamuneka menya ko imbuga zimwe zishobora guhinduka cyangwa kuvugururwa mugihe; birasabwa rero kugenzura niba bahari buri gihe.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hano hari imbuga nyinshi ushobora gukoresha kugirango ubaze amakuru yubucuruzi kubirwa bya Marshall. Dore bimwe muri byo: 1. Ikarita y'Ubucuruzi (https://www.trademap.org/) Ikarita yubucuruzi itanga imibare irambuye yubucuruzi namakuru yo kubona isoko kubicuruzwa na serivisi kwisi yose. Urashobora gushakisha amakuru yihariye yubucuruzi ajyanye nibirwa bya Marshall kururu rubuga. 2. Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku mibare y’ubucuruzi (https://comtrade.un.org/) Ububiko bw’umuryango w’abibumbye butanga amakuru y’ubucuruzi yuzuye, harimo ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, n’ibihugu n’ibicuruzwa. Urashobora kubona amakuru yingirakamaro kubikorwa byubucuruzi bwibirwa bya Marshall kururu rubuga. 3. Igisubizo cy’ubucuruzi bukomatanyije ku isi (http://wits.worldbank.org) World Integrated Trade Solution ni ubufatanye hagati ya Banki yisi, Umuryango w’abibumbye, ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’ubucuruzi, n’abandi kugira ngo bagere ku bubiko mpuzamahanga bw’ibicuruzwa biva mu bihugu amagana ku isi. 4. Icyerekezo cy'ikigega mpuzamahanga cy'imari Icyerekezo cy'Imibare y'Ubucuruzi (https://data.imf.org/dot) Iyi base base ya IMF ikusanya amakuru yisi yose kubyoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibitumizwa mu bihugu bitandukanye, bigatuma iba isoko nziza yo kugera ku bipimo by’ubukungu bijyanye n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu birwa bya Marshall. 5. Urubuga rwa Banki Nkuru cyangwa Minisiteri yubucuruzi Ubundi buryo ni ugusura urubuga rwemewe rwa Banki Nkuru cyangwa Minisiteri yubucuruzi mu birwa bya Marshall mu buryo butaziguye. Izi nzego za leta zikunze gutangaza raporo zirambuye hamwe n’imibare ijyanye n’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Wibuke ko mugihe izi mbuga zitanga amakuru yingirakamaro kubikorwa byubucuruzi bwibirwa bya Marshall, ni ngombwa buri gihe guhuza amasoko menshi mugihe ukora ubushakashatsi kubibazo nkibi.

B2b

Ibirwa bya Marshall ni igihugu gito kirwa mu nyanja ya pasifika. Bitewe nubunini bwacyo no kwigunga, hari urubuga rwa B2B rugarukira kubucuruzi bushingiye ku birwa bya Marshall. Ariko, hariho urubuga ruto rushobora gukoreshwa nubucuruzi bukorera cyangwa bushakisha amahirwe mugihugu. 1. MarshallIslandsBusiness.com: Uru rubuga rutanga amakuru nubutunzi kubucuruzi bushishikajwe no gukorera mu birwa bya Marshall. Ikora nkubuyobozi bwibigo byaho kandi itanga urubuga rwa B2B. Urubuga rushobora kuboneka kuri www.marshallislandsbusiness.com. 2. Urugereko rw’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Repubulika y’ibirwa bya Marshall (CCIRMI): CCIRMI ni umuryango uteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi mu gihugu. Batanga serivisi zitandukanye kubanyamuryango, harimo no kugera kububiko bwabo bwabanyamuryango kumurongo, byorohereza imikoranire ya B2B hagati yubucuruzi bwaho. Urubuga rwabo rwemewe ni www.ccirmi.org. 3. TradeKey: Nubwo idasanzwe mu birwa bya Marshall, TradeKey ni isoko mpuzamahanga rya B2B aho ubucuruzi buturutse hirya no hino ku isi bushobora guhuza n’abafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi, abatanga ibicuruzwa, n’abaguzi mu nganda zitandukanye. Ubucuruzi bushingiye ku birwa bya Marshall burashobora gukoresha iyi platform kugirango harebwe amahirwe yubucuruzi bwisi yose no gushiraho umubano nabafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rwa TradeKey ni www.tradekey.com. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko urebye umubare muto wibikorwa byihariye bya B2B biboneka ku masosiyete akorera mu birwa bya Marhsall, birashobora kandi kugirira akamaro abashoramari gushakisha imbuga rusange ku isi nka Alibaba cyangwa LinkedIn aho bashobora guhuza n’abafatanyabikorwa ku isi. Mu gusoza, mu gihe nta mbuga nyinshi za B2B zabigenewe zikorera gusa isoko ry’ibirwa bya Marhsall, imbuga za interineti nka marshallislandsbusiness.com hamwe n’ubuyobozi bwa CCIRMI ku rubuga rwa interineti bitanga inzira zo guhuza imiyoboro n’ubucuruzi mu gihugu ubwacyo. Byongeye kandi, Ihuriro ryubucuruzi bwisi yose nka TradeKey rifite ubushobozi bwo gushakisha ubufatanye mpuzamahanga burenze amahitamo yihariye ya Marshall.
//