Ubucuruzi bwingenzi
Bosiniya na Herzegovina ni igihugu giherereye mu majyepfo y’Uburayi. Nubwo ari ntoya, igihugu gitanga inzira zingenzi zamasoko mpuzamahanga hamwe nubucuruzi bwerekana ubucuruzi bushaka kwagura ibikorwa byabwo. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma zimwe mu nzira zingenzi ziterambere ry’isoko muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina.
1. Urugereko rw’Ubucuruzi: Urugereko rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Federasiyo ya Bosiniya na Herzegovina (CCFBH) n’Urugaga rw’Ubukungu rwa Republika Srpska (CERS) ni ibyumba bibiri bikomeye bitanga serivisi z’ubucuruzi. Bategura ibirori bitandukanye, harimo amahuriro yubucuruzi, inama, inama za B2B, hamwe ninama yo guhuza. Ibi birori bitanga amahirwe kubatanga isoko kugirango bahuze nabaguzi mpuzamahanga.
2. Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi: Imurikagurisha rya Sarajevo ni umwe mu bategura imurikagurisha ry’ubucuruzi muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Irakira imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ryibanze ku nzego zitandukanye nk'ubwubatsi, gukora ibikoresho byo mu nzu, ubuhinzi, ubukerarugendo, gukoresha ingufu, n'ibindi. Kwitabira iri murikagurisha birashobora gufasha ubucuruzi kwerekana ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi ku baguzi batandukanye baturutse ku isi.
3. Ihuriro rya e-ubucuruzi: Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya tekinoroji no kugera kuri interineti bigenda bigaragara cyane muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina, urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rwabaye igice cyingenzi mu ngamba ziterambere ry’ubucuruzi. Urubuga ruzwi cyane nka Amazon cyangwa eBay rushobora gukoreshwa nabatanga isoko kimwe nabaguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka ibicuruzwa biva mu gihugu.
4. Ambasade z’amahanga / Ibiro by’ubucuruzi: Ambasade nyinshi z’amahanga zifite ibice by’ubucuruzi cyangwa ibiro by’ubucuruzi byibanda ku guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu byombi hagati y’ibihugu byabo na Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Ibi biro birashobora gutanga ubumenyi bwingenzi kumahirwe yisoko munganda cyangwa imirenge yihariye kandi ikanafasha ibigo guhuza hagati yabatanga ibicuruzwa n’abaguzi b’amahanga.
5.Inkunga ziteza imbere ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga: Ingereko z’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga (FTCs) zerekana ikindi kintu cyingenzi mu bijyanye n’imiyoboro mpuzamahanga itanga amasoko ku bucuruzi bwa Bosiniya. Batanga inkunga nubuyobozi mubigo byimbere mugushaka abaguzi mpuzamahanga. Kurugero, Urugereko rwubucuruzi rwamahanga rwa Bosiniya na Herzegovina rutanga ubufasha kubohereza ibicuruzwa hanze mugushakisha abafatanyabikorwa n’amasoko kubicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi.
6. Kwitabira imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga: Bosiniya na Herzegovina bitabira kandi imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ryabereye mu mahanga mu rwego rwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byabo no gukurura abaguzi b’amahanga. Ibi birori bitanga urubuga rwubucuruzi kwerekana ubushobozi bwabo, guhuza nabashobora kugura, gushiraho umubano wubucuruzi, no gushakisha amahirwe yubufatanye.
Mu gusoza, Bosiniya na Herzegovina bitanga inzira zitandukanye zingenzi mugutezimbere amasoko mpuzamahanga. Binyuze mu ngereko z’ubucuruzi, imurikagurisha ry’ubucuruzi, urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi, inkunga y’urusobe rwa ambasade, ubufasha bw’ibigo biteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga- cyane cyane ibyumba by’ubucuruzi by’amahanga- ndetse no kwitabira imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga mu mahanga; Ubucuruzi bwa Bosiniya bushobora kugera ku masoko yisi yose uhuza nabashobora kugura mpuzamahanga mu nganda n’imirenge itandukanye.
Imashini zishakisha
Muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina, hari moteri nyinshi zishakisha abantu bakoresha mugushakisha kwabo kumurongo. Dore zimwe muri moteri zishakisha zizwi mugihugu hamwe na URL zabo kurubuga:
1. Gushakisha Google:
- Urubuga: www.google.ba
2. Bing:
- Urubuga: www.bing.com
3. Yahoo:
- Urubuga: www.yahoo.com
4. Yandex:
- Urubuga: www.yandex.com
5. DuckDuckGo:
- Urubuga: duckduckgo.com
Izi moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa cyane muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina, zitanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gushakisha kugirango zifashe abakoresha kubona amakuru kubintu bitandukanye bishimishije harimo amakuru, amashusho, amashusho, nibindi byinshi. Byongeye kandi, batanga uburyo bwo kugera kubutaka ndetse no kwisi yose byorohereza abakoresha kubona amakuru ajyanye nibyifuzo byabo mugihugu cyangwa kwisi yose.
Nyamuneka menya ko mugihe izi ari moteri zikoreshwa mubushakashatsi muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina, abantu barashobora kugira ibyo bakunda bishingiye kubyo bahisemo cyangwa ibisabwa byihariye mugihe bakora ubushakashatsi kumurongo.
Impapuro nini z'umuhondo
Impapuro nyamukuru z'umuhondo muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina zirimo:
1. Urupapuro rwumuhondo Bosiniya na Herzegovina: Ubu bubiko bwo kumurongo butanga urutonde rwuzuye rwubucuruzi, serivisi, namakuru yamakuru muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Urashobora kuyigeraho kuri www.urubuga.ba.
2. BH Urupapuro rwumuhondo: Ubundi bubiko bukomeye mu gihugu, BH Urupapuro rwumuhondo rutanga amakuru menshi yibigo, ibyiciro, hamwe niyamamaza ryubucuruzi. Urubuga urashobora kubisanga kuri www.bhyellowpages.com.
3. Ubucuruzi bwubucuruzi bwa Bosiniya na Herzegovina (Poslovni imenik BiH): Ubu bubiko bukora nkurubuga rwubucuruzi bwaho bwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi hamwe nibisobanuro byabo. Urubuga ruhuza ni www.poslovniimenikbih.com.
4. Moja Firma BiH: Ihuriro ryamapaji yumuhondo azwi cyane ryemerera abakoresha gushakisha ubucuruzi mubyiciro cyangwa ahantu muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Itanga kandi amahirwe yo kwamamaza kumasosiyete ashaka kuzamura amashusho yabo kumurongo. Sura urubuga kuri www.mf.ba.
5. Sarajevo365: Nubwo yibanda cyane kuri Sarajevo, umurwa mukuru wa Bosiniya na Herzegovina, Sarajevo365 igaragaramo urutonde rwuzuye rwibigo byaho kuva muri resitora, amahoteri kugeza kumaduka yo mukarere. Shakisha urutonde kuri www.sarajevo365.com/urubuga-paji.
6. Urupapuro rwumuhondo rwa Mostar: Kugaburira byumwihariko umujyi wa Mostar, Urupapuro rwumuhondo rwa Mostar rutanga urutonde rwa elegitoronike rugaragaza ubwoko butandukanye bwubucuruzi harimo ibikorwa bijyanye nubukerarugendo nka hoteri, ibigo by’ubukerarugendo, nibindi, hamwe nibindi bikorwa byingenzi mumujyi ndetse. Sura urubuga rwabo - mostaryellowpages.ba.
Nyamuneka menya ko izi mbuga zishobora guhinduka cyangwa verisiyo igezweho irashobora kuboneka; birasabwa rero gukoresha moteri zishakisha ukoresheje ijambo ryibanze niba uhuye nikibazo cyo kubigeraho muburyo butaziguye.
Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi
Muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina, hari urubuga runini rwa e-ubucuruzi ruhuza uburyo bwo guhaha kuri interineti bugenda bwiyongera. Hano hari bimwe mubyingenzi hamwe nurubuga rwabo:
1. KupujemProdajem.ba - Uru rubuga ni rumwe mu masoko manini yo kuri interineti muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi mubyiciro bitandukanye nka electronics, imyambarire, ibikoresho byo murugo, nibindi byinshi.
Urubuga: www.kupujemprodajem.ba
2. OLX.ba - OLX ni urubuga rwo kwamamaza rwamamaye ku isi rukorera mu bihugu byinshi, harimo Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Abakoresha barashobora kugura cyangwa kugurisha ibintu bishya kandi byakoreshejwe binyuze kururu rubuga.
Urubuga: www.olx.ba
3. B.LIVE - B.LIVE itanga amahitamo menshi kubicuruzwa bitandukanye n'abacuruzi batandukanye muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Batanga ibyiciro bitandukanye nkibintu byimyambarire, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imitako yo murugo, ibicuruzwa byiza, nibindi.
Urubuga: www.b-live.ba
4. WinWinShop.
Urubuga: www.winwinshop.ba
5. Tehnomanija.
Urubuga: www.tehnomanija.com/ba/
6. Konzum Kumurongo - Konzum numwe mumurongo munini wa supermarket muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina waguye serivise mugutangiza iduka kumurongo aho abakiriya bashobora gutumiza ibiribwa kugirango babigeze kumuryango wabo.
Urubuga: www.konzumaplikacija-kopas.com/konzumbih/ (porogaramu igendanwa)
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko izo ari zimwe mu ngero zerekana imiyoboro ya e-ubucuruzi izwi cyane muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina; icyakora, hashobora kuba hari izindi mbuga zaho cyangwa niche yihariye yurubuga rwita kubicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi byihariye.
Imbuga nkoranyambaga
Bosiniya na Herzegovina n'igihugu giherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bw'Uburayi kizwiho ibyiza nyaburanga n'umurage gakondo. Kimwe n'ibindi bihugu byinshi, Bosiniya na Herzegovina na byo bifite imbuga nkoranyambaga aho abantu bashobora guhuza, gusangira ibitekerezo, no gukomeza kuvugururwa ku ngingo zitandukanye zishimishije. Hano hari imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina:
1. Klix.ba (https: mu biganiro.
2. Fokus.ba (https://www.fokus.ba) - Fokus. cyangwa ibitekerezo, nibindi.
3. Cafe.ba (https: .
4. Crovibe.com (http: abandi.
5. LiveJournal (https:
6. MrezaHercegovina.org (http://mrezahercegovina.org/) - Uru rubuga rukora nk'umuyoboro wa interineti uhuza abantu baturutse mu turere dutandukanye twa Herzegovina binyuze mu mahuriro aganira ku ngingo z’akarere nk'umuco,
Nyamuneka nyamuneka menya ko gukundwa cyangwa gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga zishobora gutandukana bitewe nibyo ukunda cyangwa demokarasi. Izi porogaramu zikoreshwa cyane, ariko hashobora kubaho izindi mbuga nkoranyambaga zo mu karere cyangwa mpuzamahanga imbuga nkoranyambaga Abanyabosiniya na bo bakoresha mu guhuza hamwe no gukomeza gusezerana.
Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda
Bosiniya na Herzegovina n'igihugu giherereye mu karere ka Balkan gaherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bw'Uburayi. Ifite ubukungu butandukanye hamwe ninzego zitandukanye zigira uruhare mu iterambere ryayo muri rusange. Dore amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina hamwe nurubuga rwabo:
1. Ishyirahamwe ryabakoresha ba Bosiniya na Herzegovina (UPBiH)
Urubuga: http://www.upbih.ba/
2. Urugereko rw’ubucuruzi n’inganda rwa Federasiyo ya Bosiniya na Herzegovina (FBIH)
Urubuga: https://komorafbih.ba/
3. Urugereko rwubucuruzi ninganda Republika Srpska (PKSRS)
Urubuga: https://www.pkrs.org/
4. Ishyirahamwe ryikoranabuhanga ryamakuru ZEPTER IT Cluster
Urubuga: http://zepteritcluster.com/
5. Amashyirahamwe yubucuruzi bwibidukikije muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina - EBA BiH
Urubuga: https://en.eba-bih.com/
6. Ishyirahamwe ryakira abashyitsi rya Republika Srpska - HOTRES RS
Urubuga: https://hederal.org.rs/index.php/hotres
7. Ishyirahamwe ryimyenda, inkweto, uruhu, inganda za rubber, inganda zo gucapa,
Gushushanya Imyenda ATOK - Sarajevo
Urubuga: http://atok.ba/en/urugo-2/euro-modex-2018
Aya mashyirahamwe ahagarariye inzego zitandukanye nkamashyirahamwe yabakoresha, ubucuruzi ninganda, ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru, ubucuruzi bwibidukikije, inganda zo kwakira abashyitsi, inganda n’imyenda n’izindi.
Nyamuneka menya ko izi mbuga zishobora guhinduka mugihe ukurikije ivugururwa ryimiryango yabo cyangwa ibikorwa byo kubungabunga.
Buri gihe birasabwa kugenzura amakuru ukoresheje amasoko yizewe cyangwa kuvugana naya mashyirahamwe kubisobanuro birambuye cyangwa ibibazo ushobora kuba ufite bijyanye nibikorwa byabo cyangwa serivisi zitangwa.
Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi
Bosiniya na Herzegovina, igihugu giherereye mu majyepfo y’Uburayi bw’Uburayi, gifite imbuga nyinshi z’ubukungu n’ubucuruzi zitanga amakuru y’ingirakamaro ku bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bw’igihugu ndetse n’amahirwe yo gushora imari. Zimwe mu mbuga za interineti zizwi cyane mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina zirimo:
1. Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ishoramari mu mahanga cya Bosiniya na Herzegovina (FIPA): FIPA ishinzwe gukurura ishoramari ritaziguye ry’amahanga muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Urubuga rwabo rutanga amakuru yuzuye kubyerekeye amahirwe yo gushora imari, gushimangira, gusesengura isoko, uburyo bwo kwiyandikisha mubucuruzi, nibindi.
Urubuga: https://www.fipa.gov.ba/
2. Urugereko rw’ubukungu rwa Federasiyo ya Bosiniya na Herzegovina: Iki cyumba gihagarariye ubucuruzi bukorera muri Federasiyo ya Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Urubuga rwabo rutanga amakuru, ibisohokayandikiro, raporo zerekana ibipimo byubukungu, hamwe nibisobanuro bijyanye nuburyo bwo kwiyandikisha mu bigo.
Urubuga: http://www.kfbih-sarajevo.org/
3. Urugereko rwubukungu rwa Republika Srpska: Iki cyumba gihagarariye ubucuruzi bukorera mu karere ka Republika Srpska. Urubuga rwabo rutanga amakuru kumahirwe yo gushora imari mukarere ka Republika Srpska hamwe namabwiriza yerekeye ubucuruzi.
Urubuga: http://www.pk-vl.de/
4. Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’ububanyi n’ubukungu n’ubukungu: Urubuga rwemewe rwa minisiteri rukubiyemo amakuru ajyanye na politiki y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, gahunda zo guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, amasezerano mpuzamahanga ajyanye n’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi yashyizweho umukono na Bosiniya na Herzegovina.
Urubuga: http://www.mvteo.gov.ba/
5. Banki Nkuru ya Bosiniya na Herzegovina (CBBH): Urubuga rwemewe rwa CBBH rutanga amakuru ku bijyanye na politiki y’ifaranga ry’igihugu hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho bitandukanye by’imari nk’ivunjisha, igipimo cy’inyungu ububiko bukenewe kugira ngo hakorwe isesengura rifatika ku bashoramari
Urubuga: https://www.cbbh.ba/default.aspx
Izi mbuga zitanga amakuru menshi kubantu cyangwa ibigo bifuza gushakisha amahirwe yubucuruzi cyangwa gushora imari muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Nibyiza gusura izi mbuga buri gihe kugirango dukomeze kugezwaho amakuru agezweho mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi mu gihugu.
Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga
Hano hari imbuga nyinshi zishakisha amakuru yubucuruzi aboneka muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Hano hari imbuga nke hamwe na URL zabo:
1. Isesengura ryisoko namakuru yamakuru (MAIS) - Urubuga rwemewe rwo gukusanya, gutunganya, no gukwirakwiza amakuru yubucuruzi muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina.
URL: https://www.mis.gov.ba/
2. Banki Nkuru ya Bosiniya na Herzegovina - Itanga uburyo bwo kugera ku bipimo bitandukanye by’ubukungu, harimo amafaranga asigaye, imyenda yo hanze, n’imibare y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.
URL: https://www.cbbh.ba/Ibisanzwe.aspx?langTag=en-US
3. Ikigo gishinzwe ibarurishamibare muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina - Itanga amakuru yuzuye y'ibarurishamibare harimo amakuru y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, impirimbanyi z’ubucuruzi, n’ibihugu n’amatsinda y’ibicuruzwa.
URL: http://www.bhas.ba/
4. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rw’amahanga muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina - Ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi ritanga serivisi zijyanye n’ibikorwa mpuzamahanga by’ubucuruzi harimo n’ububiko bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
URL: https://komorabih.ba/amakuru-kandi-yatangajwe/
5
URL: https://wits.worldbank.org/
Nyamuneka menya ko zimwe mururu rubuga zishobora gusaba kwiyandikisha cyangwa kwishura kugirango ubone amakuru arambuye cyangwa ibintu bihebuje.
B2b
Bosiniya na Herzegovina, igihugu giherereye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw’Uburayi, gifite isoko rya B2B ryiyongera hamwe n’ibibuga byinshi byita ku bucuruzi bushakisha amahirwe muri kano karere. Dore zimwe muma platform ya B2B muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina hamwe na aderesi zabo:
1. Isoko.ba (www.market.ba): Isoko.ba ni urubuga rwa B2B ruyoboye muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina ruhuza abaguzi n’abagurisha mu nganda zitandukanye. Itanga isoko kumurongo aho ubucuruzi bushobora kwerekana ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi, gukora amasezerano, no gufatanya.
2. EDC.ba (www.edc.ba): EDC ni urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rwibanda ku bucuruzi hagati y’ubucuruzi muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi mubice bitandukanye, birimo imashini zinganda, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, ibikoresho byubuhinzi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, nibindi byinshi.
3. ParuSolu.com (www.parusolu.com): ParuSolu.com ni isoko ryo kumurongo ryagenewe kugurisha byinshi muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Ihuza abakora ibicuruzwa, abatanga ibicuruzwa, abadandaza, abadandaza, nubundi bucuruzi kugirango byorohereze B2B.
4. BiH Business Hub (bihbusineshub.com): BiH Business Hub ikora nk'ubuyobozi bwubucuruzi ndetse nu rubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi ruhuza amasosiyete yo muri Bosiniya n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga bashishikajwe no kugirana umubano wa B2B. Urubuga rutanga amakuru yingirakamaro ku isoko rya Bosiniya hamwe n'amahirwe yo gufatanya.
5. Bizbook.ba (bizbook.
6. Ihuriro ry’imigabane - ISEN-BIH (isen-bih.org): ISEN-BIH ni umuyoboro wa interineti utanga uburyo bwo kubona ibicuruzwa biva mu nganda nko kubara ibicuruzwa bisagutse cyangwa ibikoresho by’ibicuruzwa byibanda cyane cyane ku nganda nko gukora cyangwa kubaka muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina.
Izi porogaramu zitanga inzira zitandukanye kubucuruzi bwo guhuza, gukorana, no kwishora mubikorwa bya B2B muri Bosiniya na Herzegovina. Nibyiza gushakisha izi mbuga hamwe nibitangwa byazo kugirango ubone imwe ijyanye nibikorwa byawe bikenewe.