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IBosnia neHerzegovina, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiBosnia nje, lilizwe elikumzantsi-mpuma weYurophu kuSingasiqithi weBalkan. Yabelana ngemida yayo neCroatia ukuya emantla, entshona, nasezantsi, iSerbia ngasempuma, kunye neMontenegro kumazantsi-mpuma. Esi sizwe sinembali etyebileyo esukela kumaxesha amandulo. Emva kokuwa koBukhosi baseRoma, iBosnia yaba yinxalenye yezikumkani ezahlukeneyo zamaxesha aphakathi ngaphambi kokuba ibandakanywe kuBukhosi base-Ottoman ngenkulungwane ye-15. Ulawulo olwalandelayo lwase-Austrian-Hungarian ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 yaphinda yabumba iyantlukwano yenkcubeko. Eli lizwe lafumana inkululeko kwiYugoslavia ngowe-1992 emva kwemfazwe yamakhaya etshabalalisayo eyathabatha iminyaka emithathu. Ngoku iyiriphabliki yedemokhrasi enenkqubo yezopolitiko entsonkothileyo equka amaqumrhu amabini ahlukeneyo: iRepublika Srpska kunye neFederation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Isixeko esilikomkhulu yiSarajevo. I-Bosnia kunye neHerzegovina ineendawo ezintle zendalo, ezibandakanya iintaba ezishinyeneyo, imilambo ecwecwe njenge-Una kunye ne-Neretva, amachibi amahle anje ngeChibi laseBoračko kunye neLake Jablanica, elenza libe yindawo efanelekileyo yokuya kuyo imisebenzi yangaphandle njengokuhamba intaba okanye ukukhwela intaba. Xa kufikwa kwilifa lenkcubeko, esi sizwe sahlukeneyo sibonisa iimpembelelo ukusuka kwizakhiwo zaseByzantine ukuya kwiimosque zesitayile saseOttoman kunye nezakhiwo zaseAustro-Hungarian. Idolophu yakudala yaseSarajevo edumileyo ibonisa lo mxube phakathi kwezitrato zayo ezimxinwa apho unokufumana khona iimarike zemveli ezinikezela ngemisebenzi yezandla yalapha. Ubukhulu becala abemi balapho baquka amaqela amathathu ezizwe eziphambili: amaBosnia (amaSilamsi aseBosnia), amaSerb (amaKristu obuOthodoki) namaCroat (amaKristu angamaKatolika). Ngale mvelaphi yahlukileyo kuza nezithethe ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya umculo onjenge-sevdalinka okanye iiokhestra zetamburitza ezidlala iingoma zomthonyama ecaleni kweentlobo zepop. Ukutya kwaseBosnia kubonakalisa le nkcubeko yenkcubeko; izitya ezithandwayo ziquka i-cevapi (inyama egcadiweyo), i-burek (i-pastry ezaliswe yinyama okanye itshizi), kunye ne-dolma (imifuno eqhotsiweyo) iphenjelelwa yincasa yase-Ottoman neyeMeditera. Ngaphandle kongquzulwano oludlulileyo, iBosnia neHerzegovina iqhubela phambili ukuya kuzinzo nophuhliso. Inqwenela ukujoyina i-European Union, nangona kusekho imingeni kwindlela eya kwintlangano epheleleyo. Ukukhula kwelizwe kuxhomekeke kubuncwane balo bendalo, ukhenketho, ezolimo kunye necandelo lezemveliso. Lilonke, iBosnia neHerzegovina ibonelela ngomxube owahlukileyo wembali, indalo, iyantlukwano yenkcubeko, kunye nobubele obufudumeleyo obuhenda abatyeleli abavela kuzo zonke iimbombo zehlabathi.

IBosnia neHerzegovina, ilizwe elikumzantsi-mpuma Yurophu, linemeko yemali ekhethekileyo. Imali esemthethweni yaseBosnia naseHerzegovina yi-Convertible Mark (BAM). Yaziswa ngo-1998 ukuzinzisa uqoqosho emva kweMfazwe yaseBosnia. I-Convertible Mark igxininiswe kwi-euro ngezinga lotshintshiselwano olusisigxina lwe-1 BAM = 0.5113 EUR. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwi-Convertible Mark nganye, ungafumana malunga nesiqingatha se-euro. Imali ikhutshwe yiBhanki Ephakathi yaseBosnia naseHerzegovina, eqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwayo. Ibhanki ilawula umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali, ilawula iibhanki zorhwebo, kwaye ijonge ukugcina uzinzo lwamaxabiso ngaphakathi kwelizwe. Le mali ifumaneka kwiimvaba ngeemvaba ezinje ngeemali ezingamaphepha - 10, 20, 50, 100 BAM - kunye neengqekembe - 1 marka (KM), 2 KM, kunye neemvaba ezintlanu ezincinci ezaziwa ngokuba yiFening. Nangona ezinye iindawo zinokwamkela i-euro okanye ezinye iimali ezinkulu njengeedola zase-US njengeendlela zokuhlawula kwiinjongo zokhenketho okanye ukuthengiselana kwamanye amazwe kwiindawo ezithile ezinomsebenzi ophezulu wabakhenkethi njengeSarajevo okanye iMostar; kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshise imali yakho ibe ngamanqaku aguqukayo xa undwendwela iBosnia kunye neHerzegovina ngexabiso elingcono lokuthenga kwakho. Ii-ATM zifumaneka ngokubanzi kulo lonke ilizwe apho unokurhoxisa imali yalapha usebenzisa ikhadi lakho lebhanki okanye ikhadi letyala. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba wazise ibhanki yakho phambi kokuba uhambe ukuthintela nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka ngexesha lokutsalwa kwe-ATM phesheya. Iimali zamazwe angaphandle zinokutshintshwa kwiiofisi zotshintshiselwano ezigunyazisiweyo ezikwiibhanki okanye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kuzo zonke izixeko ezikhulu. Kulumkele ukutshintshiselana ngemali kwiimarike ezingekho sikweni ngaphandle kwezi ndawo zigunyazisiweyo njengoko kunokubandakanya imingcipheko efana namanqaku omgunyathi okanye amaxabiso angafanelekanga. Lilonke, xa undwendwela i-Bosnia kunye ne-Herzegovina qinisekisa ukuba unemali eyaneleyo yasekhaya kuba amaziko amaninzi amancinane asenokungazamkeli iimali zangaphandle okanye amakhadi.

Imali esemthethweni yaseBosnia naseHerzegovina yi-Convertible Mark (BAM). Amazinga otshintshiselwano aqikelelweyo kwiimali eziphambili ngoMeyi ka-2021 zezi: - I-1 BAM ilingana ne-0.61 USD - I-1 BAM ilingana ne-0.52 EUR - I-1 BAM ilingana ne-0.45 GBP - I-1 BAM ilingana ne-6.97 CNY Nceda uqaphele ukuba la maxabiso otshintshiselwano aqikelelweyo kwaye angohluka kancinci ngenxa yokuguquguquka kweemarike.

IBosnia neHerzegovina lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, elaziwa ngobutyebi balo benkcubeko nobuhlanga obahlukeneyo. Zininzi iiholide ezibhiyozelwa kweli lizwe, nto leyo ebonisa ilifa elikhethekileyo labantu balo. Enye yezona holide zibalulekileyo eBosnia naseHerzegovina luSuku lweNkululeko, olubhiyozelwa nge-1 kaMatshi rhoqo ngonyaka. Olu suku sisikhumbuzo selizwe elathi ilizwe lafumana inkululeko kwiYugoslavia ngowe-1992. Enye iholide ebalulekileyo nguMhla weSizwe, ogcinwe ngoNovemba 25. Lo mhla uphawula isikhumbuzo seBosnia kunye neHerzegovina ngokusesikweni yaba yiriphabliki eyinxalenye yeYugoslavia emva phayaa ngo-1943 ngeMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Usuku lweSizwe lubhiyozela ukubaluleka kwembali yomanyano phakathi kwamaqela eentlanga ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha anzima. I-Eid al-Fitr, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiRamadan Bayram okanye iBajram, ngomnye umnyhadala odumileyo obhiyozelwa ngamaSilamsi kulo lonke elaseBosnia naseHerzegovina. Iphawula ukuphela kweRamadan, ixesha lokuzila ukutya elithatha inyanga yonke kumaSilamsi kwihlabathi liphela. Iintsapho ziyadibana ukuze zibhiyozele ngemibhiyozo, ukutshintshiselana ngezipho, imithandazo kwiimosque, kunye nezenzo zesisa kwabo bangathathi ntweni. IKrisimesi yeOthodoki okanye iBožić (ebizwa ngokuba yiBozheech) ibonwa ngokubanzi ngamaKristu abambelela kwizithethe zamaOthodoki aseMpuma eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ibhiyozelwa minyaka le nge-7 kaJanuwari ngokwekhalenda kaJulius (engqamana nomhla wama-25 kaDisemba ngokusekwe kwikhalenda yaseNtshona kaGregory), iKrismesi yobuOthodoki izukisa ukuzalwa kukaYesu Kristu ngeenkonzo zonqulo eziqhutyelwa ezicaweni zikhatshwa ziindibano zemibhiyozo namalungu entsapho. Ukongeza, abantu baseBosnia babhiyozela ngovuyo imibhiyozo yoNyaka oMtsha ezaliswe ziziqhushumbisi kunye nemibhiyozo eyahlukeneyo njengoko besamkela unyaka ngamnye ozayo ngethemba lempumelelo. Le yimizekelo nje embalwa eqaqambisa ezinye iiholide ezibalulekileyo ezibhiyozelwa e-Bosnia nase-Herzegovina kuzo zonke iindawo abahlala kuzo ezohlukeneyo ngelixa bebonisa ukungafani kwabo ngokwenkcubeko enegalelo kwi-tapestry edlamkileyo echaza eli lizwe lihle.

IBosnia neHerzegovina lilizwe elikuSingasiqithi weBalkan kuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu. Ukusukela ngo-2021, inabemi abamalunga ne-3.3 yezigidi zabantu. Uqoqosho lweli lizwe luxhomekeke kakhulu kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokuphathelele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, iBosnia kunye neHerzegovina ngokuyintloko ithengisa imathiriyeli ekrwada, iimpahla eziphakathi, kunye neemveliso ezenziweyo. Awona mashishini aphambili athumela ngaphandle aquka ukusetyenzwa kwentsimbi, iinxalenye zemoto, amalaphu, iikhemikhali, ukwenziwa kokutya, kunye neemveliso zokhuni. Awona maqabane eli lizwe aphambili ekurhwebeni ngokuthumela ngaphandle kumazwe angaphakathi kwiManyano yaseYurophu (EU), afana neJamani, iCroatia, i-Itali, iSerbia, kunye neSlovenia. La mazwe abalela inxalenye ebalulekileyo yempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Kwelinye icala, iBosnia kunye neHerzegovina zixhomekeke ekuthengisweni kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle ukuze ihlangabezane nemfuno yayo yangaphakathi yeempahla neenkonzo ezahlukeneyo. Ezona mveliso zithengwa kwamanye amazwe zibandakanya oomatshini kunye nezixhobo (ingakumbi ngeenjongo zokuvelisa), amafutha (afana nepetroleum), iikhemikhali, ukutya (kubandakanywa nokutya okusele kulungisiwe), amayeza, izithuthi (kubandakanywa neemoto), iimveliso zombane/izixhobo zombane. Imithombo ephambili yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe ikwangamazwe e-EU kunye namazwe angabamelwane afana neSerbia okanye iTurkey; nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-Bosnia ayinakho ukufikelela simahla kwimarike ye-EU ngenxa yobume bayo obungengomalungu kumbutho. Ibhalansi yorhwebo phakathi kwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle e-Bosnia ihlala ingalunganga ngenxa yemithamo ephezulu yokungenisa ngaphandle xa kuthelekiswa nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, Urhulumente ebesenza iinzame zokuphucula imeko yezoqoqosho yeli lizwe ngokukhuthaza utyalo-mali lwangaphandle, ukukhuthaza amashishini ajolise kumazwe angaphandle ngokusebenzisa inkuthazo eyohlukeneyo efana nekhefu lerhafu kunye nokunciphisa imirhumo. La manyathelo ajolise ekunciphiseni ukuxhomekeka ekuthengeni impahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle ngelixa esonyusa amandla emveliso yangaphakathi. Lilonke, iBosnia igcina uqoqosho lwemarike oluvulelekileyo lugxile kurhwebo lwengingqi kuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu kunye norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye namaqabane ehlabathi.I-Bosnia iye yafumana imingeni yezoqoqosho elandelayo Ukupheliswa kweYugoslaviain ngowe-1992-1995 okwaphumela kwintshabalalo ebangelwa yimfazwe nokudodobala koqoqosho. .Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe lenze inkqubela phambili kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe liguqula uqoqosho lwayo ngenjongo yokudibanisa kwi-EU.

I-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina inamandla abalulekileyo ophuhliso lwemarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Ilizwe libekwe ngobuchule, lisebenza njengesango phakathi kweNtshona Yurophu kunye neBalkan, ebonisa indawo enenzuzo kwimisebenzi yorhwebo. Elinye lamacandelo aphambili kurhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseBosnia naseHerzegovina lelezolimo. Eli lizwe linomhlaba ochumileyo oxhasa ukuveliswa kwemveliso yezolimo eyahlukeneyo, kuquka iziqhamo, imifuno, iinkozo nemfuyo. Ukongeza, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yeemveliso ze-organic kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngoko ke, ngotyalo-mali olululo kunye nokuphuculwa kweendlela zokulima, icandelo lezolimo linokwandiswa ukuze lihlangabezane neemfuno zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe. Enye indawo enokubakho kurhwebo lwangaphandle ikwishishini lemveliso laseBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ilizwe linabasebenzi abanezakhono abanokuba negalelo ekuveliseni uluhlu lweempahla ezinjengamalaphu, ifenitshala, ukusetyenzwa kwentsimbi, iinxalenye zoomatshini, izixhobo zombane, njl.njl. Iinzame zokuphucula amaziko okuvelisa kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunokwandisa ukhuphiswano kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaphezu koko, icandelo lezokhenketho nalo linamathuba athembisayo okukhula korhwebo lwangaphandle. Ilifa lenkcubeko elityebileyo laseBosnia kunye neHerzegovina linikezela ngamava awodwa kubakhenkethi abafuna iindawo zembali njengeMostar Bridge okanye imimangaliso yendalo efana nePlitvice Lakes National Park. Ngokutyala imali kuphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo ezijolise ekuphuculeni ukufikeleleka nokukhuthaza ukhenketho kumazwe ngamazwe, ilizwe linokutsala iindwendwe ezininzi ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Oku kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwengeniso evela kubakhenkethi bamazwe ngamazwe ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ezibonelelwa ziihotele, iindawo zokutyela, nabakhenkethi. Ukwengeza, Bhozniya neHerzegovina sele yenze intsebenziswano encomekayo yokurhweba namazwe asebumelwaneni ngamaphulo engingqi afana neSivumelwano soRhwebelwano oluKhululwa kuMbindi Yurophu (CEFTA). Ukomeleza olu budlelwane bukhoyo ngelixa kwangaxeshanye kuhlolwa iimarike ezintsha ngaphaya kommandla walo kuya kunceda ekuhlanganiseni iindawo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Kuko konke, ngaphandle kwemiceli mngeni ethile efana neenkqubo zaseburhulumenteni, iinkxalabo zorhwaphilizo, kunye nokufikelela okulinganiselweyo kwezemali,iBosnia【Icc2】kunye【Icc3】Herzegovina【Icc4】inamandla okunyusa imarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle ngophuhliso lwamacandelo afana nezolimo, ukwenziwa kunye nokhenketho. Kubalulekile kurhulumente kunye nabachaphazelekayo abafanelekileyo ukuba benze imeko-bume efanelekileyo kutyalo-mali ngelixa kugxilwe ekuphuculeni iziseko zophuhliso, ukuphuculwa, kunye nokukhuthaza iimveliso kunye neenkonzo zabo kwihlabathi jikelele.

Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni iimveliso ezishushu zokuthengisa kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle eBosnia naseHerzegovina (BiH), kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. I-BiH inamakethi awohlukeneyo anamathuba kumashishini ahlukeneyo afana nezolimo, ukuvelisa, ukhenketho, kunye nobuchwephesha bolwazi. 1. Ukutya kunye neZiselo: I-BiH yaziwa ngobutyebi bayo belifa lokupheka, ukwenza ukutya kunye neziselo zibe licandelo elithembisayo. Iimveliso zengingqi ezifana nobusi, iwayini, iimveliso zobisi zemveli, kunye neziqhamo eziphilayo kunye nemifuno zithandwa phakathi kwabemi kunye nabakhenkethi ngokufanayo. Ababoneleli bamazwe angaphandle banokugxila ekunikezeni iimpahla ezikhethekileyo okanye ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihambelana nemarike yasekhaya. 2. Ukwenziwa kwemveliso: I-BiH ineshishini lemveliso elisekiweyo elinamandla kwimveliso yefanitshala, iinxalenye zemoto, amalaphu, ukwenziwa kweenkuni, ukwenziwa kwesinyithi, njl.njl. Ukuxhamla kwimfuno enokubakho yeli candelo yempahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle okanye imathiriyeli ekrwada kuya kuba nengeniso enkulu. Iimveliso ezifana nezixhobo zoomatshini okanye iinguqulelo zobuchwepheshe ezingafumaneki lula ekhaya zinokufumana abantu abanomdla. 3. Izinto ezinxulumene nokhenketho: Ngeendawo zayo ezintle (ezifana neepaki zelizwe) kunye neempawu zembali (umzekelo, i-Mostar's Old Bridge), ukhenketho luyinkqubo ebalulekileyo yezoqoqosho kwi-BiH. Izinto ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yangaphandle efana nokukhwela intaba/impahla/izixhobo zokuncedisa zinokuthathwa njengokhetho olunomtsalane kumathuba orhwebo angaphandle. 4. IThekhnoloji yoLwazi: Icandelo le-IT likhula ngokukhawuleza kwi-BiH ngenxa yabasebenzi abanobuchule kwiindleko ezifanelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa namazwe aseNtshona Yurophu akufuphi.Ukukhethwa kweemveliso ezinxulumene ne-IT ezifana namacandelo e-hardware okanye izicelo zesoftware ziya kujongana kakuhle nale marike evelayo. I-5.Izixhobo ze-oyile kunye negesi - i-Bosnia inemithombo ye-oyile kunye negesi ebalulekileyo engasetyenziswanga eyenza eli candelo libe nomtsalane kakhulu kubatyali-mali bangaphandle.Ukubonelela ngezixhobo / izixhobo ezifunwa yi-oyile kunye ne-gas yokuhlola ishishini kunokuba ngamaphulo anenzuzo. Ukukhetha ngempumelelo iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu kwimakethi yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseBosnia: - Ukuqhuba uphando lwemarike malunga neendlela zangoku zabathengi. - Vavanya ukhuphiswano lwengingqi/amaxabiso ezinto ezifanayo. - Ukuqonda izinto ezikhethwayo/iimfuno zenkcubeko. - Ukusebenzisana namaqabane asekuhlaleni okanye uthungelwano lokuhambisa. - Ukuthobela imimiselo nemigangatho yokungenisa elizweni. - Ukubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yokuthengisa kunye nokukhuthaza okusebenzayo. Khumbula, ukubekwa esweni rhoqo kokutshintsha kweemarike kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa isicwangciso sokhetho lwemveliso ngokufanelekileyo.

IBosnia neHerzegovina, ilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, lineseti ekhethekileyo yenkcubeko kunye neempawu zabathengi. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu kunokunceda amashishini asebenzisane ngokufanelekileyo nabathengi kule marike. Enye inkalo ephambili yabathengi baseBosnia yimvakalelo eyomeleleyo yesazisi soluntu. Uluntu lwaseBosnia naseHerzegovina luzinze ngokunzulu kwimilinganiselo yesithethe, amaqhina entsapho kunye noluntu olumanyeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukhetho lobudlelwane bomntu ngaphezu konxibelelwano olusemthethweni lweshishini. Ukwakha ukuthembana ngeentlanganiso zobuso ngobuso kunye nokuseka unxibelelwano lwexesha elide kubalulekile ukuseka ubudlelwane obunempumelelo beshishini. Abantu baseBosnia badla ngokukuxabisa ukunyaniseka nokungafihli nto xa kufikwa kushishino. Kubalulekile ukuba iinkampani zifezekise izithembiso zazo kwaye zithe ngqo kunxibelelwano lwazo. Imfezeko idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwakheni ukuthembeka kubathengi. Olunye uphawu oluphawulekayo lwabathengi baseBosnia kugxininiso lwabo kumgangatho ngaphezu kwexabiso. Ngelixa ixabiso lidlala indima, abathengi bahlala bekulungele ukuhlawula ngaphezulu iimveliso okanye iinkonzo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu okanye ezinikezela ngomgangatho ophezulu. Iinkampani kufuneka zigxininise ekugxininiseni isiphakamiso sexabiso kunokuba zibandakanyeke kuphela kukhuphiswano olusekelwe kwixabiso. Ngokuphathelele kwizinto ezingavumelekanga okanye izifundo ezingavumelekanga, kubalulekile ukuba amashishini abe novakalelo malunga nokuxoxa ngezihloko zenkolo okanye zezopolitiko xa esebenzisana nabathengi baseBosnia. Unqulo lunendima ebalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla babaninzi baseBosnia; ngoko ke, iingxoxo eziphathelele iinkolelo zonqulo zifanele ziphetshwe ngaphandle kokuba ziqaliswe ngumthengi ngokwakhe. Ngokufanayo, izihloko zezopolitiko ezinxulumene nongquzulwano lwangaphambili kufuneka kwakhona kujongwe ngononophelo njengoko zinokuvusa iimvakalelo ezinamandla. Lilonke, amashishini ajonge ukunxulumana nabathengi baseBosnia kufuneka abeke phambili ukwakhiwa kobudlelwane bomntu esekwe kwintembeko kunye nentembeko ngelixa enikezela ngeemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu okanye iinkonzo ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ubuntununtunu malunga nentlalontle efana nenkolo okanye ezopolitiko.

I-Bosnia kunye neHerzegovina lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu kunye nenkqubo yokulawula izithethe kunye nemida. Ilizwe linemigaqo ethile elawula ukuhamba kwabantu, iimpahla kunye nezithuthi ukuwela imida yalo. Ngokolawulo lokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe, abatyeleli abaya eBosnia naseHerzegovina kufuneka babe nencwadana yokundwendwela esemthethweni eneenyanga ezintandathu ezishiyekileyo. Ezinye izizwe zinokufuna i-visa yokungena kweli lizwe. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge iimfuno ze-visa zamva nje ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Kwiindawo zokujonga umda, abahambi bafanele balungele ukubonisa amaxwebhu abo okuhamba ukuze ahlolwe ngamagosa erhafu. Bonke abantu abangena okanye abaphumayo kweli lizwe banokuba phantsi kokuhlolwa kwempahla okanye ukubuzwa imibuzo ngamagosa asemdeni. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nala magosa kwaye uphendule yonke imibuzo ngokunyanisekileyo. Kwimpahla engeniswe okanye ekhutshwe eBosnia naseHerzegovina, kukho imiqathango ethile kwizinto ezingavumelekanga njengeziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, imipu, iziqhushumbisi, imali yomgunyathi, nezinto ezirhwetywayo. Abahambi bafanele baqinisekise ukuba abathwali naziphi na izinto ezingavumelekanga kwimithwalo yabo. Kukwakho imida kwizibonelelo ezingahlawulelwayo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeempahla ezifana notywala, iimveliso zecuba, iziqholo, izinto zombane, njl. njl., ezithi zihluke ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye okanye izipho ezithwalwa ngabantu. Ukogqitha ezi zibonelelo kungakhokelela ekongezeni kwemisebenzi yerhafu okanye ukuthinjwa kweempahla. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iBosnia kunye neHerzegovina zinemida eyahlukeneyo yomhlaba kunye nezikhululo zeenqwelomoya zamazwe ngamazwe apho iinkqubo zesithethe zinokuthi zenzeke. Indawo nganye yokunqumla inokuba nemithetho nemigaqo yayo; Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba abahambi baziqhelanise neendawo ezithile zokungena abaceba ukuzisebenzisa. Ngamafutshane, xa undwendwela iBosnia kunye neHerzegovina kubalulekile ukuthobela imithetho nemimiselo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe ngamaxesha onke. Abahambi bafanele babe nawo onke amaxwebhu okuhamba ayimfuneko alungele ukuhlolwa xa befika/behamba; ukuthobela izithintelo zamasiko kwizinto ezingavumelekanga; ihloniphe imida yokungahlawuli rhafu yokungenisa/ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle; ukugcina intsebenziswano ngexesha lokuhlolwa ngamagosa omda; bafundise ngokwabo ngemithetho ethile yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokungena / zokuphuma. Ngokuthobela ezi zikhokelo, abahambi banokuqinisekisa amava amasiko agudileyo eBosnia naseHerzegovina.

I-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina, ilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, linemigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yokungenisa elizweni elawula ukurhafiswa kwempahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle. Iirhafu zokungenisa elizweni eBosnia naseHerzegovina zijolise ekulawuleni urhwebo nokukhusela imizi-mveliso yasekhaya. Isakhiwo serhafu yokungenisa eBosnia naseHerzegovina sisekelwe kwiikhowudi ze-Harmonized System (HS), ezihlela iimveliso kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Udidi ngalunye lunomlinganiselo walo werhafu ohambelana nawo. Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu uyilelwe ukuvelisa ingeniso kurhulumente nokudala inkundla elinganayo kubavelisi basekhaya. Impahla evela kumazwe angaphandle ixhomekeke kuzo zombini irhafu yexabiso elongeziweyo (i-VAT) kunye nemirhumo yempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Izinga le-VAT esetyenziswayo kwizinto ezininzi ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle okwangoku imiselwe kwi-17%. Le rhafu ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lemveliso, eliquka ixabiso lempahla, iintlawulo ze-inshorensi, iindleko zothutho, kunye nayo nayiphi na imirhumo esebenzayo. Imirhumo yeCustoms ihlawuliswa kwiimveliso ezithile ezingeniswe eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ezi ntlawulo zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Umzekelo, ezinye izinto eziyimfuneko ezinjengokutya okanye iyeza zinokuzuza kumaxabiso aphantsi okanye athi zero zero xa kuthelekiswa nezinto zodidi oluphezulu okanye izinto ezingabalulekanga. Ukongeza kwirhafu-ntengo kunye nemirhumo yempahla ephumayo, kusenokubakho imirhumo eyongezelelweyo efana neentlawulo zolawulo okanye iimali zokuhlola ezibekwe ngabasemagunyeni ngexesha leenkqubo zokucocwa kwempahla ephumayo. Kubalulekile ukuba abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle baqwalasele ezi rhafu xa besenza imisebenzi yorhwebo kunye ne-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina. Abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle kufuneka baphonononge ngononophelo imimiselo efanelekileyo phambi kokuba bangenise iimpahla zabo elizweni ukuze baqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yasekuhlaleni malunga nokuhlelwa kweerhafu kunye nokubalwa okuchanekileyo kweerhafu ezihlawulwayo. Lilonke, ukuqonda imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu ye-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina kunokunceda amashishini enze izigqibo ezizizo xa esenza urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe neli lizwe.

IBosnia neHerzegovina, ilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, linoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo namacandelo ahlukeneyo anegalelo kushishino lokuthumela ngaphandle. Xa kuziwa kumgaqo-nkqubo werhafu kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, iBosnia neHerzegovina ilandela imigaqo ethile. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iBosnia neHerzegovina ayiyonxalenye ye-European Union (EU), ngokungafaniyo namanye amazwe angabamelwane afana neCroatia. Ke ngoko, imigaqo-nkqubo yayo yorhwebo ayihambelani nemigaqo ye-EU. Umgaqo-nkqubo wokurhafiswa kwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eBosnia naseHerzegovina ubandakanya izinto ezininzi. Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezimisela irhafu kwimpahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kukuhlelwa kweemveliso ngokusekelwe kwiikhowudi zazo zeHarmonized System (HS). Ezi khowudi zihlela iimpahla ngeenjongo zokurhweba ngaphandle elizweni jikelele ngokuzinika amanani athile okanye iikhowudi. Amaxabiso erhafu kwezi mveliso ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlelo lwekhowudi yeHS. Ezinye izinto zisenokungahlawuliswa okanye zonwabele iirhafu ezithotyiweyo ngenxa yezivumelwano zorhwebo ezikhethekileyo namazwe okanye imimandla ethile. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba iBosnia neHerzegovina inamacandelo amabini: iFederation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) kunye neRepublika Srpska (RS). Iziko ngalinye linemithetho yalo yerhafu; kungoko, amaxabiso erhafu anokwahluka phakathi kwawo. Ngaphaya koko, abathumeli bangaphandle e-Bosnia nase-Herzegovina banokufikelela kwiinkuthazo ezahlukeneyo ezibonelelwa ngoorhulumente bamaqumrhu omabini. Ezi nkuthazo zijolise ekukhuthazeni imisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana nenkxaso yemali, izibonelelo, inkxaso-mali, okanye ukukhululwa kwiirhafu okanye iintlawulo ezithile. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le ngcaciso imfutshane ibonelela kuphela ngomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-Bosnia kunye ne-Herzegovina. Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga neerhafu zerhafu kwiindidi zemveliso nganye zinokufunyanwa kwimithombo esemthethweni karhulumente efana neziphathamandla zempahla okanye amasebe afanelekileyo anoxanduva lwemicimbi yorhwebo kuwo omabini amanqanaba equmrhu. Ukuqukumbela, njengalo naliphi na ilizwe elibandakanyekayo kwimisebenzi yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, iBosnia neHerzegovina isebenzisa umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle oqwalasela ukuhlelwa kweemveliso ngokusekelwe kwiikhowudi ze-HS, amaxabiso erhafu ahluka-hlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeka kolu kuhlelwa, kunye nenkuthazo enokubakho okanye ukukhululwa okukhoyo kubathengisi bangaphandle.

I-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu kwaye inoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo olunamacandelo amaninzi anegalelo ekuthengiseni amazwe angaphandle. Ukuze kube lula urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ilizwe liphumeze iziqinisekiso ezahlukeneyo zokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nemimiselo. Esinye sezatifiketi eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle eBosnia naseHerzegovina siSatifikethi seMvelaphi. Olu xwebhu luqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zivela elizweni ziye zaveliswa okanye zalungiswa ngaphakathi kwemida yalo. Inika ubungqina bemvelaphi kwaye inceda ukuthintela ubuqhophololo, iqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zithunyelwa ngaphandle ngokusemthethweni. Esinye isiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sinxulumene nemigangatho yomgangatho. Iimveliso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho othile zinokufumana izatifikethi ezifana ne-ISO (uMbutho weZizwe ngezizwe wokuMiselwa koMgangatho) okanye iCE (Conformité Européene). Ezi ziqinisekiso zibonisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, ukwandisa ukukhuphisana kokuthunyelwa kwe-Bosnia kumazwe angaphandle kwiimarike zehlabathi. Ukongeza kwizatifikethi zokuthumela ngaphandle ngokubanzi, amashishini athile anokufuna amaxwebhu athile asekelwe kubume bawo. Umzekelo, iBosnia neHerzegovina yaziwa ngokuvelisa iimveliso zezolimo ezifana neziqhamo, imifuno, iimveliso zobisi kunye nenyama. Kuthunyelo kumazwe angaphandle kweli candelo, iziqinisekiso ezongezelelweyo ezinxulumene nokhuseleko lokutya kunokuba yimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yamazwe ngamazwe. Amashishini ase-Bosnia abandakanyeka ekuthumeleni impahla kumazwe angaphandle kufuneka aqonde iinkqubo zesithethe kumazwe ahlukeneyo ekusingwa kuwo. Oku kuquka ulwazi malunga neelayisensi zokungenisa elizweni okanye iimvume ezifunwa ngala mazwe kwiimpahla okanye iinkonzo ezithile ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Ukunceda abathumeli bangaphandle ngokujonga ezi ngxaki zinzima, iBosnia neHerzegovina iye yaseka imibutho efana neQumrhu lezoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle (FTC) elibonelela ngesikhokelo kwiinkqubo zokuthumela ngaphandle kunye neenkcukacha malunga nemithombo ekhoyo yabathengisi ngaphandle kuquka neenkqubo zoncedo lwemali. Lilonke, ukuthobela iziqinisekiso zokuthumela ngaphandle kuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ze-Bosnia ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yehlabathi ngelixa kuququzelela ubudlelwane borhwebo obungenamagingxigingxi phakathi kwabathumeli ngaphandle kunye nabarhwebi abavela ngaphandle kwe-Bosnia kunye ne-Herzegovina kwihlabathi liphela.

I-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina, ekumzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, inika iinketho ezininzi ezinokuthenjwa kwiinkonzo zolungiselelo kwingingqi. Nokuba ufuna izithuthi, indawo yokugcina impahla, okanye izisombululo zokuhambisa, kukho iinkampani ezininzi ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho. Ezothutho: 1. I-Poste Srpske: Njengomboneleli wenkonzo yeposi yelizwe lase-Bosnia kunye ne-Herzegovina, i-Poste Srpske inikezela ngeenkonzo zokuthutha zasekhaya kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe. Banothungelwano olusekwe kakuhle lweeofisi zeposi kulo lonke ilizwe. 2. BH Pošta: Omnye umboneleli wenkonzo yeposi ophawulekayo nguBH Pošta. Banikezela ngezisombululo ezibanzi zolungiselelo oluquka ukuhanjiswa kweepasile, iinkonzo zeposi ezicacileyo, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphakathi nangaphandle. 3. I-DHL Bosnia and Herzegovina: I-DHL yinkokeli yehlabathi kwizisombululo zolungiselelo kunye nobukho eBosnia naseHerzegovina ngokunjalo. Banikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo zothutho ezibandakanya ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza, ukuthutha ngenqwelomoya, uthutho ezindleleni, kunye nokukhutshwa kwempahla. Ugcino: 1. Iinkonzo ze-Euro West Warehouse: I-Euro West ibonelela ngezisombululo zogcino-mpahla ezichubekileyo eziquka iindawo zokugcina ezineesistim zolawulo lwale mihla. Ubuchwephesha babo buxhomekeke ekuphatheni iimveliso ezahlukeneyo ngelixa beqinisekisa ukuba kukho amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko. 2. I-Wiss Logistika: I-Wiss Logistika igxile ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo zogcino olusebenzayo kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo afana nokutya & nesiselo, ukuhanjiswa kwezixhobo zemoto, amayeza, njl. Ukusasazwa: 1. Iinkonzo zoSasazo lwe-Eronet: I-Eronet yenye yabathengisi abakhokelayo beemveliso ze-elektroniki zabathengi kulo lonke elaseBosnia naseHerzegovina. I-2.Seka Logistics Ltd.: I-Seka Logistics inikezela ngezisombululo zolawulo lwekhonkco lonikezelo olubanzi olulungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomthengi ngamnye.Basebenza ngokukhethekileyo kwizicwangciso zokusasaza ezilungiselelwe amashishini amancinci ukuya kwaphakathi ajonge ukufikelela kwimarike okusebenzayo ngaphakathi kweli lizwe okanye ngaphaya kwemida yalo. Ezi zezinye zeenkonzo zolungiselelo ezicetyiswayo ezifumaneka eBosnia & Herzegovina. Uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha olusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile luya kuqinisekisa ukhetho lwelona qabane lifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho zolungiselelo.

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

IBosnia neHerzegovina lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu. Ngaphandle kobukhulu balo obuncinci, ilizwe libonelela ngeendlela ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo kumashishini afuna ukwandisa imisebenzi yawo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ezinye zeendlela eziphambili zophuhliso lwentengiso eBosnia naseHerzegovina. 1. I-Chamber of Commerce: I-Chamber of Commerce of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (CCFBH) kunye ne-Chamber of Economy ye-Republika Srpska (CERS) ngamagumbi amabini avelele anikezela ngeenkonzo ezixabisekileyo kumashishini. Baququzelela imisitho eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iiforam zoshishino, iinkomfa, iintlanganiso zeB2B, kunye neeseshoni zokunxibelelana. Le misitho ibonelela ngamathuba okuba ababoneleli balapha ekhaya baqhagamshelane nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abanokubakho. 2. IMiboniso yoRhwebo yaMazwe ngaMazwe: Umboniso waseSarajevo ngomnye wabaququzeleli ababalulekileyo borhwebo eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ibamba imiboniso emininzi yezizwe ngezizwe egxile kumacandelo awohlukeneyo afana nolwakhiwo, ukwenziwa kwefenitshala, ezolimo, ukhenketho, ukonga amandla, njalo njalo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kule miboniso kunganceda amashishini abonise ngeemveliso okanye iinkonzo zawo kuluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwabathengi abavela kwihlabathi jikelele. 3. I-E-Commerce Platforms: Ngokuqhubela phambili kwetheknoloji kunye nokufikelela kwi-intanethi kuxhaphake kakhulu eBosnia naseHerzegovina, iiplatifomu ze-e-commerce ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezicwangciso zokuphuhlisa ishishini. Amaqonga adumileyo afana neAmazon okanye i-eBay anokusetyenziswa ngababoneleli balapha ekhaya kunye nabathengi bamanye amazwe abajonge ukufumana iimveliso ezivela kweli lizwe. 4. Oonozakuzaku bamazwe angaphandle/ii-Ofisi zoRhwebo: Iqela lozakuzo bamazwe angaphandle linamacandelo orhwebo okanye ii-ofisi zorhwebo ezigxile ekukhuthazeni urhwebo lwamazwe amabini phakathi kwamazwe abo kunye neBosnia neHerzegovina. Ezi ofisi zinokunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kumathuba emarike kumashishini athile okanye kumacandelo athile ngeli lixa zikwanceda iinkampani ngonxulumano phakathi kwababoneleli balapha ekhaya kunye nabathengi bamazwe angaphandle. 5.Inkxaso yee-Arhente zokuKhuthaza ukuThunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: AMaqumrhu oRhwebo lwaNgaphandle (FTCs) amele omnye umba obalulekileyo xa kufikwa kumajelo okuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe kumashishini aseBosnia. Banikezela ngenkxaso kunye nesikhokelo kwiinkampani zasekhaya ekufumaneni abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Umzekelo, i-Foreign Trade Chamber of Bosnia and Herzegovina ibonelela ngoncedo kubathengisi bangaphandle ekufumaneni amaqabane anokubakho kunye neemarike zempahla okanye iinkonzo zabo. 6. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiMiboniso yaMazwe ngaMazwe: IBosnia neHerzegovina nayo ithatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso yamazwe ngamazwe ebanjelwe kumazwe angaphandle ukukhuthaza iimveliso zayo nokutsala abathengi bamazwe angaphandle. Ezi ziganeko zibonelela ngeqonga kumashishini ukubonisa amandla awo, ukunxibelelana nabathengi abanokubakho, ukuseka ubudlelwane beshishini, kunye nokuphonononga amathuba entsebenziswano. Ukuqukumbela, iBosnia neHerzegovina zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso lokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe. Ngokusebenzisa amagumbi orhwebo, imiboniso yorhwebo, amaqonga ee-commerce, inkxaso yothungelwano lozakuzo, uncedo lwee-arhente zokukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle- ngakumbi aMagumbi oRhwebo lwaNgaphandle- ngokunjalo nokuthatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso yamazwe ngamazwe kumazwe angaphandle; Amashishini ase-Bosnia anokufikelela kwiimarike zehlabathi ngokudibanisa nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abanokubakho kuwo onke amashishini kunye namacandelo.

Iinjini zokukhangela eziqhelekileyo

E-Bosnia nase-Herzegovina, zininzi iinjini zokukhangela ezisetyenziswa ngabantu xa bephanda kwi-intanethi. Nazi ezinye zeenjini zokukhangela ezidumileyo elizweni kunye nee-URL zazo zewebhusayithi: 1. Uphendlo lukaGoogle: -Iwebhusayithi: www.google.ba 2. I-Bing: -Iwebhusayithi: www.bing.com 3. Yahoo: -Iwebhusayithi: www.yahoo.com 4. Yandex: -Iwebhusayithi: www.yandex.com 5. IdadaDuckGo: -Webhusayithi: duckduckgo.com Ezi njini zokukhangela zisetyenziswa kakhulu eBosnia naseHerzegovina, zinika uluhlu lwemisebenzi yokukhangela ukunceda abasebenzisi bafumane ulwazi ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo ezinomdla kubandakanya iindaba, imifanekiso, iividiyo, kunye nokunye. Ukongeza, babonelela ngokufikelela kumxholo wasekhaya kunye nehlabathi jikelele okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukufikelela kulwazi olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo ngaphakathi elizweni okanye kwihlabathi liphela. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi zezinye iinjini zokukhangela eziqhele ukusetyenziswa eBosnia naseHerzegovina, abantu banokuba nezinto abazikhethayo ngokusekelwe kukhetho lwabo okanye iimfuno ezithile xa besenza uphando kwi-intanethi.

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

Amaphepha aphambili atyheli eBosnia naseHerzegovina aquka: 1. Yellow Pages Bosnia and Herzegovina: Lo vimba weefayili we-intanethi ubonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini, iinkonzo, kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ungayifumana ku-www.yellowpages.ba. 2 BH Iwebhusayithi inokufumaneka ku-www.bhyellowpages.com. 3. Uluhlu loShishino lwaseBosnia naseHerzegovina (iPoslovni imenik BiH): Olu luhlu lusebenza njengeqonga lamashishini asekuhlaleni ukuze abonise iimveliso okanye iinkonzo zawo kunye neenkcukacha zawo zoqhagamshelwano. Ikhonkco lewebhusayithi www.poslovniimenikbih.com. 4. I-Moja Firma BiH: Eli qonga lidumileyo lamaphepha omthubi livumela abasebenzisi ukukhangela amashishini ngodidi okanye indawo eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ikwabonelela ngamathuba entengiso kwiinkampani ezijonge ukwandisa ukubonakala kwazo kwi-Intanethi. Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi ethi www.mf.ba. 5. I-Sarajevo365: Nangona ngokuyintloko igxile eSarajevo, isixeko esilikomkhulu saseBosnia naseHerzegovina, iSarajevo365 inoluhlu olubanzi lwamaziko asekuhlaleni ukusuka kwiivenkile zokutyela ukuya kwiihotele ukuya kwiivenkile ezingaphakathi kommandla. Jonga uluhlu ku-www.sarajevo365.com/yellow-pages. 6 . I-Mostar Yellow Pages: Ukutya okukhethekileyo kwidolophu yaseMostar, iMostar Yellow Pages ibonelela ngekhathalogu yombane eneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini kuquka imisebenzi enxulumene nokhenketho efana neehotele, ii-arhente zokuhamba, njl., ecaleni kwezinye iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo esixekweni ngokunjalo. Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yabo - mostaryellowpages.ba. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi webhusayithi zisenokutshintshwa okanye iinguqulelo ezihlaziyiweyo zinokufumaneka; Ngoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iinjini zokukhangela usebenzisa amagama angundoqo afanelekileyo ukuba ufumana nabuphi na ubunzima bokufikelela kuzo ngokuthe ngqo.

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

EBosnia naseHerzegovina, kukho amaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce ajongana nokukhula kwendlela yokuthenga kwi-intanethi. Nazi ezinye zezona zibalaseleyo kunye namakhonkco abo ewebhusayithi: 1. KupujemProdajem.ba - Eli qonga lelinye lawona matheko makhulu e-intanethi eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ibonelela ngeemveliso ezininzi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-elektroniki, ifashoni, izixhobo zasekhaya, nokunye. Iwebhusayithi: www.kupujemprodajem.ba 2. I-OLX.ba - I-OLX liqonga elivunyiweyo lezentengiso eliqondwa kwihlabathi liphela elisebenza kumazwe amaninzi, kuquka iBosnia neHerzegovina. Abasebenzisi banokuthenga okanye bathengise izinto ezintsha nezisetyenzisiweyo ngale webhusayithi. umthombo: www.olx.ba 3. I-B.LIVE - I-B.LIVE inikeza ukhetho olubanzi lweemveliso ezivela kubathengisi abahlukeneyo eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Banikezela ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo ezifana nefashoni, izinto zombane, ukuhombisa ikhaya, iimveliso zobuhle, njl. Iwebhusayithi: www.b-live.ba 4. I-WinWinShop.ba - iWinWinShop yivenkile yokuthengisa ekwi-intanethi ebonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo zombane ezifana nee-smartphones, iilaptops, izixhobo zokudlala ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo. umthombo: www.winwinshop.ba 5. I-Tehnomanija.ba - I-Tehnomanija igxile kakhulu kwi-electronics kunye neemveliso ezinxulumene nobuchwepheshe kodwa iquka nezinye iindidi ezifana nezixhobo zasekhaya kunye nezinto zokhathalelo lomntu. umthombo: www.tehnomanija.com/ba/ 6. I-Konzum Online Shop - I-Konzum yenye yeevenkile ezinkulu zevenkile e-Bosnia nase-Herzegovina eyandise iinkonzo zayo ngokusungula ivenkile ye-intanethi apho abathengi banokuodola igrosari ukuze bahanjiswe emnyango wabo. Iwebhusayithi: www.konzumaplikacija-kopas.com/konzumbih/ (i-app ephathwayo esekelwe) Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le yimizekelo nje yamaqonga ee-commerce adumileyo eBosnia naseHerzegovina; nangona kunjalo, kusenokubakho iiwebhusayithi ezongezelelweyo zasekhaya okanye ezikhethekileyo ezibonelela ngeemveliso okanye iinkonzo ezithile.

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

I-Bosnia kunye neHerzegovina lilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu elaziwa ngeendawo zalo ezintle kunye nelifa lenkcubeko etyebileyo. Njengamanye amazwe amaninzi, iBosnia neHerzegovina nayo inamaqonga ayo eendaba ezentlalo apho abantu banokuxhuma, babelane ngezimvo, kwaye bahlale behlaziywa kwizihloko ezahlukeneyo ezinomdla. Nanga amanye amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo adumileyo eBosnia naseHerzegovina: 1. I-Klix.ba (https://www.klix.ba) - I-Klix.ba yi-portal yeendaba ehamba phambili kwilizwe ekwabonelela ngeqonga lokunxibelelana kwezentlalo apho abasebenzisi banokwenza iiprofayili, basebenzisane nabanye, babelane ngomxholo, kwaye bathathe inxaxheba. kwiingxoxo. 2. Fokus.ba (https://www.fokus.ba) - Fokus.ba yenye i-portal yeendaba ebalaseleyo ebonelela ngesithuba kubasebenzisi ukuba babandakanyeke ngokwentlalo ngokwenza iiprofayili, ukunxibelelana nabahlobo okanye abanye ababelana ngezinto ezifanayo, ukwabelana ngamanqaku. okanye izimvo, njl. 3. Cafe.ba (https://www.cafe.ba) - I-Cafe.ba idibanisa izinto zewebhusayithi yeendaba kunye neqonga leendaba zentlalo apho abasebenzisi banokwenza iiprofayili, balandele izihloko zabo abazithandayo okanye abantu ngabanye kunye nokubandakanya iingxoxo nabanye abasebenzisi. . 4. I-Crovibe.com (http://crovibe.com/) - Nangona igxininise kakhulu kwiCroatia kodwa ikwagubungela iindaba zengingqi ezibandakanya iBosnia neHerzegovina, iCrovibe.com inikezela ngamathuba onxibelelwano lwentlalo njengokubeka izimvo kumanqaku okanye ukwenza iiprofayili zokunxibelelana nazo. abanye. 5. I-LiveJournal ( https://livejournal.com ) - I-LiveJournal liqonga leblogi lamazwe ngamazwe elisetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi baseBosnia ukuze baziveze ngokuyilayo okanye ngemibhalo yobuqu ngelixa benxibelelana nabantu abanengqondo efanayo ngoluntu. 6. MrezaHercegovina.org (http://mrezahercegovina.org/) – Le webhusayithi isebenza njengothungelwano lwe-intanethi oludibanisa abantu abavela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseHerzegovina ngeeforam ezixoxa ngezihloko zengingqi ezifana nenkcubeko, Nangona kunjalo nceda uqaphele ukuba ukuthandwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamaqonga eendaba ezentlalo anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kukhetho lomntu okanye inani labantu. La maqonga asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kusenokubakho amanye amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo asekuhlaleni okanye amazwe ngamazwe asetyenziswa ngabantu baseBosnia ukunxibelelana kunye nokuhlala bencokola.

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

IBosnia neHerzegovina lilizwe elikummandla weBalkan kuMzantsi-mpuma Yurophu. Inoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo namacandelo ahlukeneyo anegalelo kuphuhliso lwayo ngokubanzi. Nantsi eminye yemibutho ephambili yoshishino eBosnia naseHerzegovina kunye neewebhusayithi zabo: 1. Umbutho wabaqeshi baseBosnia naseHerzegovina (UPBiH) umthombo: http://www.upbih.ba/ 2. I-Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBIH) umthombo: https://komorafbih.ba/ 3. I-Chamber of Commerce and Industry Republika Srpska (PKSRS) umthombo: https://www.pkrs.org/ 4. Umbutho weeTekhnoloji zoLwazi ZEPTER IT Cluster umthombo: http://zepteritcluster.com/ 5. Imibutho yoShishino lweNdalo eBosnia naseHerzegovina - EBA BiH umthombo: https://en.eba-bih.com/ 6. I-Hospitality Association yaseRepublika Srpska - HOTRES RS Umthombo: https://hederal.org.rs/index.php/hotres 7. Umbutho weMibhalo, iZihlangu, ufele, uShishino lweRubha, iShishini lokuShicilela, Ukuyila iimpahla ze-ATOK - eSarajevo Iwebhusayithi: http://atok.ba/en/home-2/euro-modex-2018 Le mibutho imele amacandelo ahlukeneyo afana nemibutho yabaqeshi, urhwebo kunye nemizi-mveliso, iteknoloji yolwazi, ishishini lokusingqongileyo, ishishini lokubuka iindwendwe, imizi-mveliso yamalaphu nempahla phakathi kwezinye. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi webhusayithi zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngokohlaziyo lwemibutho yazo okanye imisebenzi yogcino. Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba uqinisekise ulwazi ngemithombo ethembekileyo okanye uqhagamshelane ngqo nale mibutho ngazo naziphi na iinkcukacha ezithile okanye imibuzo onokuba nayo malunga nemisebenzi yabo okanye iinkonzo ezibonelelwayo.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

IBosnia neHerzegovina, ilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma Yurophu, lineewebhusayithi ezininzi zezoqoqosho nezorhwebo ezibonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nobume beshishini lelizwe kunye namathuba otyalo-mali. Ezinye zeewebhusayithi ezibalaseleyo zoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo eBosnia naseHerzegovina ziquka: 1. I-Arhente yokuKhuthaza uTyalo-mali lwangaphandle yaseBosnia naseHerzegovina (FIPA): I-FIPA inoxanduva lokutsala utyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikezela ngolwazi olubanzi ngamathuba otyalo-mali, inkuthazo, uhlalutyo lweemarike, iinkqubo zokubhalisa ishishini, njl. umthombo: https://www.fipa.gov.ba/ 2. I-Chamber of Economy of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Eli gumbi limele amashishini asebenza kwi-Federation of Bosnia kunye ne-Herzegovina. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikezela ngeendaba, iimpapasho, iingxelo malunga nezalathi zezoqoqosho, kunye neenkcukacha malunga neenkqubo zokubhalisa inkampani. umthombo: http://www.kfbih-sarajevo.org/ 3. I-Chamber of Economy yaseRepublika Srpska: Eli gumbi limele amashishini asebenza kwingingqi yeRepublika Srpska. Iwebhusayithi yabo ibonelela ngolwazi ngamathuba otyalo-mali kwingingqi yaseRepublika Srpska kunye nemigaqo echaphazela amashishini. umthombo: http://www.pk-vl.de/ 4. UMphathiswa wezoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle kunye noBudlelwane boQoqosho: Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yesebe iqulethe ulwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo lwangaphandle, iinkqubo zokukhuthaza ukuthumela ngaphandle, izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ezinxulumene nezivumelwano zorhwebo ezityikitywe yiBosnia neHerzegovina. umthombo: http://www.mvteo.gov.ba/ 5. IBhanki Enkulu yaseBosnia kunye neHerzegovina (CBBH): Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-CBBH ibonelela ngedatha malunga nesikhokelo somgaqo-mali welizwe kunye nezalathisi zezimali ezahlukeneyo ezifana namazinga otshintshiselwano, inzala yeenkcukacha-manani ezifunekayo ukwenza uhlalutyo olunentsingiselo kubatyali-mali. umthombo: https://www.cbbh.ba/default.aspx Ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngobutyebi bolwazi kubantu okanye kwiinkampani ezinomdla wokukhangela amathuba oshishino okanye ukutyala imali eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba undwendwele ezi webhusayithi rhoqo ukuze uhlale uhlaziyiwe ngophuhliso lwamva nje lwezoqoqosho norhwebo elizweni.

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zokukhangela idatha yorhwebo ezikhoyo eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Nazi iiwebhusayithi ezimbalwa kunye nee-URL zazo: 1. Uhlalutyo lweMarike kunye neNkqubo yoLwazi (MAIS) - Iqonga elisemthethweni lokuqokelela, ukusetyenzwa, kunye nokusabalalisa idatha yorhwebo eBosnia naseHerzegovina. I-URL: https://www.mis.gov.ba/ 2. Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Ibonelela ukufikelela kwizalathisi ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho, kuquka ibhalansi iintlawulo, ityala langaphandle, kunye manani zorhwebo lwangaphandle. URL: https://www.cbbh.ba/Default.aspx?langTag=en-US 3. I-Arhente yeeNkcukacha-manani zaseBosnia naseHerzegovina - Ibonelela ngolwazi olubanzi lweenkcukacha-manani kubandakanywa idatha yorhwebo lwangaphandle kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ibhalansi yorhwebo, ngokwelizwe kunye namaqela eemveliso. URL: http://www.bhas.ba/ 4. I-Foreign Trade Chamber of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Umbutho wamashishini obonelela ngeenkonzo ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yoshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe kuquka nogcino-lwazi lokuthumela ngaphandle-ngaphandle. URL: https://komorabih.ba/reports-and-publications/ 5. I-World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) - Uvimba weenkcukacha worhwebo wehlabathi ophuhliswe liQela leBhanki yeHlabathi evumela abasebenzisi ukuba baphonononge imiba eyahlukeneyo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kuquka iinkcukacha-manani ezineenkcukacha zokuthumela ngaphandle kumazwe ahlukeneyo. URL: https://wits.worldbank.org/ Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezinye zezi webhusayithi zinokufuna ukubhaliswa okanye intlawulo ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha ezithile okanye iimpawu zeprimiyamu.

amaqonga B2b

I-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina, ilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weYurophu, inemarike ekhulayo ye-B2B enamaqonga amaninzi ajongana namashishini akhangela amathuba kulo mmandla. Nanga amanye amaqonga eB2B eBosnia naseHerzegovina kunye needilesi zabo zewebhusayithi: 1. I-Market.ba (www.market.ba): I-Market.ba yi-platform ye-B2B ehamba phambili e-Bosnia nase-Herzegovina edibanisa abathengi kunye nabathengisi abavela kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Ibonelela ngendawo yentengiso ye-intanethi apho amashishini anokubonisa iimveliso okanye iinkonzo zawo, enze izivumelwano, kwaye asebenzisane. 2. I-EDC.ba (www.edc.ba): I-EDC yi-platform ye-e-commerce egxile kwiintengiselwano kwi-shishini ukuya kwi-shishini ngaphakathi kwe-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina. Inika uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya oomatshini boshishino, izixhobo zokwakha, izixhobo zolimo, i-elektroniki, kunye nokunye. 3. I-ParuSolu.com (www.parusolu.com): I-ParuSolu.com yindawo yokuthengisa ekwi-intanethi eyenzelwe ngokukodwa urhwebo lwehoseyile ngaphakathi kwe-Bosnia kunye ne-Herzegovina. Idibanisa abavelisi, ababoneleli, abathengisi, abathengisi, kunye namanye amashishini ukuququzelela intengiselwano yeB2B. 4. I-BiH Business Hub (bihbusineshub.com): I-BiH Business Hub isebenza njengoluhlu lwezoshishino kunye neqonga le-e-commerce elidibanisa iinkampani zasekhaya zaseBosnia kunye namaqabane ngamazwe anomdla ekwenzeni ubudlelwane be-B2B. Iwebhusayithi ibonelela ngolwazi oluluncedo malunga nemarike yaseBosnia kunye namathuba entsebenziswano. 5. I-Bizbook.ba (i-bizbook.ba): I-Bizbook lelinye iqonga le-B2B elenza ukuba amashishini anxibelelane phakathi kwemarike yaseBosnia ngoluhlu lweemveliso kunye neeprofayili zoshishino. 6. I-Industry Stock Exchange Network - ISEN-BIH (isen-bih.org): I-ISEN-BIH yinethiwekhi ye-intanethi enikezela ukufikelela kwiimpahla zoshishino ezifana ne-surplus inventory okanye izixhobo zokuvelisa ezijoliswe ngokukodwa kumashishini afana nokuvelisa okanye ukwakhiwa ngaphakathi kweBosnia naseHerzegovina. La maqonga anikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kumashishini okunxibelelana, ukusebenzisana, kunye nokubandakanyeka kwintengiselwano yeB2B ngaphakathi kweBosnia naseHerzegovina. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphonononge la maqonga kunye neminikelo yawo ethile ukuze ufumane eyona ifanele iimfuno zeshishini lakho.