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Iimarike eziphambili
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Ilizwe jikelele
IOstriya, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengeRiphabhlikhi yaseOstriya, lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Yurophu. Yabelana ngemida kunye neJamani, iCzech Republic, iSlovakia, iHungary, iSlovenia, i-Itali, iSwitzerland kunye neLiechtenstein. Ilizwe lithatha indawo emalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-83,879 kwaye linabemi abamalunga nezigidi ezili-9. IVienna likomkhulu kunye nesixeko esikhulu saseOstriya. Isebenza njengendawo yezopolitiko nenkcubeko yelizwe. Ezinye izixeko ezikhulu ziquka iGraz, iLinz, iSalzburg kunye ne-Innsbruck. I-Austria inommeli wentando yesininzi epalamente kunye noMongameli njengeNtloko yeLizwe. IOstriya yaziwa kakhulu ngeendawo zayo ezintle ezineentaba ezintle njengeAlps kwingingqi yaseTyrol. Le mihlaba yendalo iyenza ibe yindawo ethandwayo yokusingwa kwimisebenzi yangaphandle njengokutyibiliza ekhephini kunye nokuhamba intaba unyaka wonke. Uqoqosho lwase-Austrian luphuhliswe kakhulu ngokugxininisa ngamandla kumacandelo eenkonzo afana nokhenketho olunegalelo elikhulu kwi-GDP yalo. Ilizwe lonwabela owona mgangatho uphezulu wokuphila waseYurophu oneenkonzo ezigqwesileyo zokhathalelo lwempilo kunye neenkqubo zemfundo esemgangathweni. Ama-Austrian anebhongo ngelifa lenkcubeko elityebileyo elibonakalisa kwizakhiwo zabo (kubandakanywa izakhiwo zeBaroque-era), umculo (abaqambi beklasikhi abafana noMozart), ubugcisa (uGustav Klimt) kunye noncwadi (uFranz Kafka). I-Vienna ikwabamba iminyhadala emininzi yenkcubeko eyaziwayo kwihlabathi kubandakanya umboniso eVienna State Opera. Ulwimi olusemthethweni oluthethwa eOstriya sisiJamani kodwa isiNgesi sithethwa kakhulu phakathi kwezizukulwana ezincinci kunye nabo babandakanyekayo kushishino lokhenketho. Ngokubhekiselele kubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe, i-Austria idlala indima esebenzayo kwi-European Union (EU) kunye neZizwe eziManyeneyo (UN). Igcina ubudlelwane bezozakuzo kunye namazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi liphela ikhuthaza iinzame zokugcina uxolo kunye nentsebenziswano yezoqoqosho. Ukuqukumbela, iOstriya iziveza njengomxube omangalisayo wobuhle bendalo, inkcubeko etyebileyo, uqoqosho olomeleleyo, kunye nobudlelwane obuguquguqukayo bamazwe ngamazwe buyenza ibe yindawo enomtsalane kubakhenkethi kunye nabafundi ngokufanayo.
Imali yeSizwe
IOstriya lilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Yurophu. Imali esemthethweni yase-Austria yi-Euro, efinyeziweyo njenge-EUR. I-Euro yaba yimali esemthethweni yase-Austria ngo-2002 xa ithatha indawo ye-Schilling, eyayisetyenziswa ngaphambili. I-Euro yimali eyamkelwa ngokubanzi kwaye izinzile esetyenziswa ngamazwe angamalungu e-European Union. Yahlulahlulwe yaziisenti ezili-100, kukho iingqekembe zemali ezifumaneka ngokweesenti ezi-1, zesi-2, zesi-5, ze-10, zama-20 nezingama-50, kwakunye nemali ye-euro enye nezimbini. Amanqaku ebhanki afumaneka kwiinkonzo ezintlanu, ishumi, amashumi amabini, amashumi amahlanu kunye nekhulu leeuro. Ukuba yinxalenye ye-European Union (EU), izigqibo zomgaqo-mali wase-Austria zenziwe ngokuyinhloko yi-European Central Bank (ECB) esekelwe eFrankfurt. I-ECB ilawula imiba efana nenzala kunye nokunikezelwa kwemali kumazwe angamalungu kuquka ne-Austria. Ngenxa yokusebenzisa i-Euro ukusukela oko yamkelwa ngo-2002, abantu base-Austrian baxhamla kwiintengiselwano ezenziwe lula zokuwela imida phakathi kwezizwe ezahlukeneyo ze-EU ezithe zamkela i-Euro. Oku kukhuthaza ukukhululeka kunye nokulula kuzo zombini ishishini kunye notshintshiselwano lobuqu. Abakhenkethi abandwendwela eOstriya banokutshintsha ngokulula imali yabo yasekhaya ngeeEuro kwiibhanki okanye iiofisi zokutshintshiselana ezikuzo zonke izixeko ezikhulu okanye kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya. Ukongeza, amakhadi okuthenga ngetyala aphesheya amkelwa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi ezinje ngeehotele, iivenkile zokutyela kunye neevenkile. Ukuqukumbela, iAustria isebenzisa i-Euro njengemali yayo esemthethweni ukusukela oko yaba lilizwe elililungu le-EU. Oku kubonelela uzinzo kwaye kuququzelele ukudityaniswa kwezoqoqosho kunye nezinye izizwe ezingaphakathi kwiManyano yaseYurophu ngentengiselwano yezemali elungelelanisiweyo.
Imali yokutshintsha
Imali esemthethweni yase-Austria yi-Euro (€). Amazinga otshintshiselwano aqikelelweyo eemali ezinkulu ngokuchasene ne-Euro ami ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: I-Euro e-1 (€) ≈ 1.17 iDola yaseMelika ($) I-Euro e-1 (€) ≈ 0.85 Iponti yaseBritani (£) I-Euro e-1 (€) ≈ 130.45 Yen yaseJapan (¥) I-Euro e-1 (€) ≈ 10.34 iYuan yaseTshayina Renminbi (¥) Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi zilinganiso zotshintshiselwano zinokwahluka kancinane kwaye kusoloko kucetyiswa ukuba ukhangele kumthombo othembekileyo wezona milinganiselo zihlaziyiweyo ngaphambi kokwenza naluphi na utshintsho lwemali okanye utshintshiselwano.
Iiholide ezibalulekileyo
IOstriya, ilizwe elikuMbindi Yurophu, libhiyozela iiholide ezininzi ezibalulekileyo unyaka wonke. Le mibhiyozo idibanisa abantu ukuze bakhumbule izithethe neziganeko ezahlukeneyo. Omnye wemibhiyozo ebaluleke kakhulu e-Austria yiKrisimesi (Weihnachten). Ibhiyozelwa nge-25 kaDisemba, le holide lithuba leendibano zosapho kunye nokuphana izipho. Iimarike zefestive zisekwe kulo lonke ilizwe, apho umntu anokuthenga imisebenzi yezandla zemveli kunye nokutya okumnandi kwaseAustria okufana necookies yegingerbread kunye neglühwein (iwayini enyityilisiweyo). Esinye isiganeko esibalulekileyo e-Austria yi-Easter (Ostern), eyenzeka ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo ngonyaka. Kuphawula ukuvuka kukaYesu Kristu. Abantu baseAustria babandakanyeka kumasiko amaninzi ngeli xesha, njengokuhlobisa amaqanda kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ekuzingeleni amaqanda. Izidlo ezikhethekileyo kunye nemvana okanye i-ham zilungiswa ngeCawa yePasika. Ixesha leCarnival okanye iFasching ibhiyozelwa ngokubanzi kulo lonke elaseOstriya. Eli xesha liqala ngoJanuwari kwaye lifikelela kuvuthondaba ngemingcelele emibalabala eyaziwa ngokuba yiFaschingumzug phambi kokuba iAsh ngoLwesithathu iphawule ukuqala kweLente. Abantu banxiba izinxibo ezinobugocigoci ukusuka kubalinganiswa basentsomini ukuya kwabembali ngelixa besonwabele amatheko asesitratweni. Ngomhla we-26 ka-Okthobha minyaka yonke, ama-Austrian abhiyozela uSuku lwabo lweSizwe (Nationalfeiertag) ukukhumbula isibhengezo sabo sokungathathi hlangothi ngokusisigxina emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Iziganeko ezahlukeneyo zenzeka kwilizwe liphela kuquka neentetho zezopolitiko kunye nemiboniso yasemkhosini. Ngaphezu koko, i-Saint Nicholas Day (i-Nikolaustag) ngomhla we-6 kaDisemba ibambe ukubaluleka okukhulu kubantwana base-Austria njengoko belindele izipho ezivela eSt. Ekugqibeleni, umnyhadala owaziwa ngamazwe ngamazwe owavela e-Austria yi-Oktoberfest - ebhiyozelwa ngokuyinhloko eMunich kodwa uye wasasaza imibhiyozo yawo kumazwe angabamelwane kuquka nezixeko zaseAustria ezifana neVienna neLinz. Ngexesha lesi siganeko esithatha iiveki ezimbini ukuqala ekupheleni kukaSeptemba ukuya ekuqaleni kukaOktobha; abantu bahlanganisana ukonwabela umculo wendabuko waseBavaria, umdaniso, ukutya, kwaye kunjalo, ibhiya. Ezi holide zibalulekileyo zibonelela ngokukrobisa kwilifa lenkcubeko etyebileyo yaseAustria kwaye zinika amathuba abantu baseAustria ukuba baqhagamshelane nezithethe zabo kwaye babhiyozele kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo.
Imeko yoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
IOstriya, ilizwe elivaliweyo kumbindi Yurophu, inoqoqosho olomeleleyo olwakhelwe kwicandelo layo lezorhwebo eliqhuba kakuhle. Isizwe siyaziwa ngempahla kunye neenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezithe zanegalelo kwibhalansi elungileyo yorhwebo kule minyaka idlulileyo. I-Austria ithembele kakhulu kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwaye iseke ubudlelwane borhwebo obuqinileyo namazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele. Njengelungu leManyano yaseYurophu (i-EU), i-Austria iyaxhamla kwiingenelo zokuba yinxalenye yeyona marike inkulu ehlabathini. IJamani lelona qabane libalulekileyo kweOstriya kwezorhwebo ngenxa yokuba kufutshane ngokwejografi kunye nomda ekwabelwana ngawo. La mazwe mabini aphuhlise ubudlelwane obusondeleleneyo kwezoqoqosho, nto leyo ekhokelele kurhwebo olubalulekileyo lwamazwe amabini. Amanye amaqabane amakhulu orhwebo aquka i-Itali, iSwitzerland, iFransi, kunye neRiphabliki yaseCzech. Elinye lamandla aphambili e-Austria likushishino lwayo lokuvelisa. Ilizwe ligxile ekuveliseni oomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezifana neenjini, ii-turbines, izithuthi (kubandakanywa iimoto zombane), izixhobo zonyango, isinyithi, iikhemikhali kunye neemveliso zokutya. Ezi mpahla zithunyelwa kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye zinegalelo elikhulu kwingeniso yase-Austrian yokuthumela ngaphandle. Ngaphaya koko, iOstriya ikwanecandelo lenkonzo elikhuphisanayo elibandakanya ezemali, ukhenketho (ingakumbi ethandwa kakhulu kwimidlalo yasebusika), itekhnoloji yolwazi (IT), iinkonzo zokucebisa, uphando kunye nophuhliso (R&D), kunye namashishini oyilo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje kukho ukonyuka kotyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle (i-FDI) ukuya e-Austria kuwo wonke amacandelo ahlukeneyo aquka amaziko okuvelisa asekwe ngamaqumrhu ezizwe ngezizwe. Oku kubonisa ukuzithemba kwimeko yeshishini lase-Austria kunye nomgangatho wabasebenzi abakhoyo ekuhlaleni. Nangona ililizwe elivaliweyo ngaphandle kokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kumazibuko othutho lwaselwandle lwamazwe ngamazwe; Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseVienna sisebenza njengendawo ebalulekileyo eququzelela ukuhamba kwabakhweli kunye nokuhanjiswa kwemithwalo edibanisa iinkampani zaseOstriya kunye neemarike zehlabathi ezingaphaya kweYurophu. Lilonke, ugxininiso olungaguquguqukiyo lwe-Austria kutshintsho oludityaniswe neempahla/iinkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifumene ukuqondwa kumazwe ngamazwe ziyibeke kwindawo efanelekileyo xa ithetha ngoqoqosho.
Uphuhliso lweMakethi olunokubakho
I-Austria, esembindini weYurophu, inamandla amakhulu okuphuhlisa imarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Ngabasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu, indawo ecwangcisiweyo yejografi, kunye noqoqosho oluzinzileyo, iOstriya ibonelela ngamathuba amaninzi kumashishini ukwandisa ukufikelela kwawo kwihlabathi. Enye yezinto eziphambili ezinegalelo kurhwebo lwangaphandle lwase-Austria ngabasebenzi bayo abanezakhono eziphezulu. Ilizwe liqhayisa ngabantu abafundileyo nabanobuchule kumacandelo ngamacandelo aquka iteknoloji, ubunjineli kunye nophando. Oku kufumaneka kwabasebenzi abanezakhono kubonelela amashishini ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko zokuphuhlisa iimveliso ezintsha kunye neenkonzo ezinokukhuphisana kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaphaya koko, indawo enobuchule yase-Austrian iyenza ibe yindawo efanelekileyo yeenkampani ezijonge ukufikelela kwiimarike zaseMpuma naseNtshona Yurophu. Ekubeni iyinxalenye yeManyano yaseYurophu (EU), iOstriya ixhamla kwizivumelwano zorhwebo ezincomekayo ngaphakathi kummandla ezikhuthaza ukufikelela lula kumazwe angabamelwane kunye namanye amazwe angamalungu e-EU. Esi sikhundla sinenzuzo sivumela amashishini ukuba aseke amakhonkco obonelelo asebenzayo kunye nothungelwano lokuhambisa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ukongeza kwizinto eziluncedo kwindawo, uqoqosho oluzinzileyo lwaseAustria lunegalelo elikhulu kurhwebo lwangaphandle. Ilizwe lithe gqolo ukubeka phezulu kwizalathisi zehlabathi ezifana nokwenza lula isalathiso soshishino ngenxa yeziseko zalo eziqinileyo zemali kunye namanqanaba asezantsi urhwaphilizo. Ngaphaya koko, iOstriya ibonelela ngenkuthazo enomtsalane kutyalo-mali kunye nezibonelelo zerhafu kwiinkampani ezingena okanye ezandisa ubukho bazo elizweni. IOstriya ikwanesiseko sokuthumela ngaphandle eyohlukeneyo esibandakanya iimveliso ezinje ngoomatshini, izithuthi, iikhemikhali, amayeza, izixhobo zombane phakathi kwabanye. Le mizi-mveliso ibe ngoonobangela abaphambili bokuthunyelwa kwe-Austrian kumazwe angaphandle kumashumi eminyaka nto leyo iqaqambisa ngakumbi ukuthunyelwa kwelizwe kwamanye amazwe. Okokugqibela, ukuzibophelela kwe-Austria kuphando kunye nophuhliso (R&D) ikhuthaza ushishino oluqhutywa ngokutsha oludala iindlela ezintsha zentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye lunceda ukutsala utyalo-mali lwangaphandle kumacandelo ahlukeneyo abandakanya amashishini aphezulu. Ukuqukumbela, uzinzo lwezoqoqosho oluzinzileyo, amandla oluntu anamandla, ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kuwo wonke amazwe akufutshane aseYurophu, ukuma okuncomekayo kwezopolitiko, kunye nenkxaso karhulumente ye-R&D zizinto eziphambili ezinegalelo kumathuba orhwebo angaphandle eAustria.
Iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike
Xa kuziwa ekuchongeni iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu kwimarike yorhwebo yangaphandle yaseAustria, izinto ezininzi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Okokuqala nokuphambili, ukuqonda izinto ezikhethwayo kunye neemfuno zabathengi base-Austrian kubalulekile ekukhetheni imveliso eyimpumelelo. Enye yeendawo eziphambili apho i-Austria igqwesa kumatshini kunye neteknoloji. Iimveliso ezinxulumene noomatshini boshishino, izinto zemoto, izixhobo zombane, kunye namandla ahlaziyekayo ziphezulu kwimfuno. Icandelo lemveliso elomeleleyo laseOstriya liqinisekisa imarike ebalulekileyo yokungeniswa koomatshini abasemgangathweni. Elinye icandelo elikhulayo kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwase-Austria ziimveliso zokutya okuphilayo. Abantu abayikhathaleleyo impilo bathanda iziqhamo, imifuno, iimveliso zobisi, inyama neziselo. Iinkampani ezigqwesileyo kulimo lwendalo zinokufumana abathengi abathembekileyo apha. Ukhenketho ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseOstriya; ngoko ke, izixhobo zokuhamba njengeesethi zemithwalo, oobhaka, izixhobo zokukhempisha zihlala zithandwa phakathi kwabakhenkethi abatyelela ilizwe. Ukongeza, iimpahla zehotele ezifana neeseti zokulala okanye izindlu zangasese ezikumgangatho ophezulu nazo zinokufumana ubukho obulungileyo kwimarike. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje kukho umdla okhulayo kwiimveliso ezizinzileyo kunye ne-eco-friendly phakathi kwabantu base-Austrian. Impahla ehambelana ne-eco-friendly eyenziwe ngemathiriyeli esetyenzisiweyo okanye iimpahla eziqinisekisiweyo zorhwebo zifunwa kakhulu ngabathengi abakhathalela indalo. Okokugqibela kodwa okubalulekileyo, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yoluntu lwase-Austrian iyabuxabisa ubugcisa bemveli kunye nezinto ezenziwe ekhaya ezenziwe ngesandla. Ezi ziquka imisebenzi yezandla efana nodongwe, impahla, ilaphu, ifenitshala, kunye nobucwebe. izinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi kwizinto eziyinyani ezinexabiso lenkcubeko. Ngokubanzi, ukuze ukhethe iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu ezifanelekileyo kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseOstriya, kuya kuba bubulumko ukuqwalasela iindidi ezinjengoomatshini/itekhnoloji, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezinto eziphilayo, izincedisi ezinxulumene nokhenketho, iimpahla ezizinzileyo/eco-friendly, kunye nemveli/yasekuhlaleni. imisebenzi yezandla.Xa uqhuba nasiphi na isicwangciso sokukhetha imveliso, ukuphanda iintsingiselo zangoku, amanani abantu, kunye neendlela zokuziphatha zabathengi kunokunceda ukwazisa inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo.
Iimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboo
IOstriya lilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Yurophu. Iyaziwa ngeendawo zayo ezintle, imbali etyebileyo, kunye nenkcubeko edlamkileyo, iAustria itsala abakhenkethi abavela kwihlabathi liphela. Xa kuziwa kwizithethe zase-Austrian kunye ne-etiquette, kukho iingongoma ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo zokugcina engqondweni. Enye yeempawu ezichazayo zase-Austrians kukuthozama kwabo kunye nokusesikweni. Kulisiko ukubulisa abantu ngokuxhawula izandla kunye nokusebenzisa izihloko ezisemthethweni ezinjengokuthi "Herr" (Mnu.) okanye "Frau" (Nksk.) balandelwe yifani yabo de bamenywe ukuba basebenzise igama labo lokuqala. Ukugcina ixesha kubalulekile e-Austria, ngoko ke kungcono ufike kwangexesha kwiintlanganiso okanye kwidinga. Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yase-Austrian kukuthanda kwabo izithethe. Uninzi lwabantu baseOstriya bayazingca ngentsomi yabo, umculo, umdaniso, kunye nesinxibo semveli njenge-lederhosen okanye i-dirndls. Ukwamkela ezi zithethe kunokuxatyiswa ngabantu basekuhlaleni. Xa utyela eOstriya, kuyisiko ukulinda umamkeli-ndwendwe okanye umamkeli-zindwendwe ukuba anike umqondiso ngaphambi kokuba uqalise isidlo. Kukwayinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ungaqalisi ukutya de kunikwe wonke umntu etafileni. Ukunika iingcebiso kulindelekile kodwa kungabi nesisa njengamanye amazwe; ukusondezwa okanye ukubethelela malunga ne-5-10% yemali eyilwayo yanele. Kwisihloko se-taboos okanye izihloko ezinobuzaza onokufuna ukukuphepha ukuxoxa ngazo: imiba enxulumene neMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini kufuneka ijongwe ngovakalelo ngenxa yobudlelwane obunzima beAustria kunye nendima yayo ngelo xesha. Ukongeza, iingxoxo malunga nobutyebi bomntu okanye umvuzo zithathwa njengezingafanelekanga ngaphandle kokuba zikhuliswe ngokuthe ngqo ngabalingane bakho baseAustria. Ngokubanzi, abantu baseOstriya bayakuxabisa ukuba nembeko nokuhlonela isithethe. Ngokwamkela la masiko ngelixa ukhumbula izihloko ezinokubakho xa unxulumana nabahlali baseOstriya, uya kuba namava akhuthazayo okuhlola eli lizwe lihle kunye nokusebenzisana nabemi balo abaneentliziyo ezifudumeleyo.
Inkqubo yolawulo lweCustoms
I-Austria inenkqubo yokulawula izithethe ezimiselweyo eziqinisekisa ulawulo lomda olugudileyo kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwempahla. Ilizwe lilungu leManyano yaseYurophu, oko kuthetha ukuba imimiselo ethile kunye neenkqubo zihambelana nemigangatho ye-EU. Ukuqala, abahambi abangena e-Austria kufuneka baqaphele imimiselo yamasiko. Ekufikeni kwayo, yonke imithwalo kufuneka ibhengezwe kwabasemagunyeni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izinto ezithile ezifana nemipu, iziyobisi, izinto zomgunyathi, kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana ezikhuselweyo azivumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukuba ziziswe kweli lizwe. Ukongezelela, kukho imida kwisixa sotywala kunye neemveliso zecuba ezivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa komntu. I-Austria isebenzisa indlela yendlela ebomvu-luhlaza kwimida yayo kubemi be-EU abavela ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwe-EU. Indlela eluhlaza yeyabakhweli abangenazo iimpahla eziphantsi kwerhafu okanye uthintelo. Indlela ebomvu isetyenziswa ngabantu abaphethe iimpahla ezingaphaya kwemida yokungahlawuli rhafu okanye abo bafuna iimvume ezikhethekileyo. Xa kufikwa kwimbuyekezo ye-VAT yeendwendwe ezingezo-EU ezenza ukuthenga e-Austria, kukho iinkqubo ezithile ezikhoyo. Abatyeleli mabaqinisekise ukuba bafumana ii-invoyisi zentsusa kubathengisi abathatha inxaxheba kwizikim zokuthenga ezingahlawulelwa rhafu baze ke babonise la maxwebhu kwindawo yabo yokugqibela yokunduluka kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu zokuthenga. Ngapha koko, amagosa e-custom ase-Austrian anegunya lokuhlola abahambi kunye nemithwalo yabo emva kokudlula kulawulo lokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya ii-X-reyi zokuskena okanye uhlolo lomzimba ukuthintela ukuthutyeleziswa okanye imisebenzi engekho mthethweni. Ngokubanzi, kubalulekile ukuba abatyeleli baziqhelanise nemimiselo yesiko lase-Austria ngaphambi kokuba bahambe ukuphepha nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka okanye izohlwayo xa befika. Ukuqaphela izithintelo kwizinto ezithintelweyo kunye nemida yokungabikho komsebenzi kuya kuqinisekisa amava okuhamba ahamba kakuhle ngaphandle kweengxaki kunye namagosa ase-Austrian customs.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu
I-Austria yaziwa ngemigaqo-nkqubo encomekayo yoluhlu lwerhafu, ejolise ekukhuthazeni urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ngelixa ikhusela imizi-mveliso yasekhaya. Ilizwe lilandela i-European Union's Common Customs Tariff (CCT) kwizinto ezininzi ezisuka ngaphandle kwe-EU. Phantsi kwemigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yokungenisa elizweni yase-Austria, iindidi ngeendidi zokungeniswa ngaphandle zixhomekeke kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo amaxabiso. Nangona kunjalo, njengelungu le-EU yeMarike eNye, i-Austria iyakonwabela urhwebo lwasimahla namanye amazwe angamalungu e-EU kwaye ayibeki maxabiso kwiimpahla ezithengiswayo ngaphakathi kwe-EU. I-Austria ibeka irhafu yexabiso elongeziweyo (i-VAT) kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, okwangoku zibekwe kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-20%. Oku kusebenza kwiimveliso ezininzi zabathengi kunye neenkonzo eziziswe kweli lizwe ezivela kumazwe angengawo awe-EU. Nangona kunjalo, irhafu ethotyiweyo ekhethekileyo isebenza kwizinto ezithile ezifana neemveliso zokutya (10%), iincwadi namaphephandaba (10%), kunye neendawo zokulala ehotele (13%). Ukongeza kwi-VAT, iindidi ezithile zeemveliso zinokutsala imirhumo eyongezelelweyo okanye irhafu yempahla. Ezi ziquka utywala, iimveliso zecuba, iimoto zepetroli, nezinye izinto zodidi oluphezulu. Amaxabiso athile ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Ukuququzelela urhwebo kunye nokunciphisa imithwalo yolawulo kumashishini abandakanyeka kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, i-Austria iphumeze iinkqubo zesithethe ezilungelelanisiweyo ezifana nezibhengezo ze-elektroniki kunye neenkqubo zokucoca ezikhawuleza ukuhamba kwempahla kwimida yayo. Kubalulekile kubantu okanye iinkampani ezibandakanyekayo ekungeniseni impahla e-Austria ukuba ziziqhelanise nemigaqo efanelekileyo yokungeniswa kwempahla kuquka iimfuno zamaxwebhu, imigangatho yemveliso imilinganiselo yokuthotyelwa njengokumakishwa kweCE kwiimveliso ezithile ezithengiswa eYurophu), imithetho yokuleyibhela kwiinkcukacha zolwimi lwesiJamani). Lilonke, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa elizweni waseAustria ujolise ekugcineni uqoqosho lwemarike evulekileyo ngelixa uphumeza amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukukhusela amashishini abuthathaka ngaphakathi.
Iipolisi zerhafu ezithumela ngaphandle
IOstriya lilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Yurophu. Inoqoqosho oluphuhlileyo kwaye iyaziwa ngokuthumela iimpahla kunye neenkonzo ezahlukeneyo kumazwe angaphandle. Ilizwe lilandela umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu kwimpahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle exhasa ukukhula koqoqosho lwalo. I-Austria ayinyanzeli nayiphi na irhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwiimpahla ezishiya ilizwe. Nangona kunjalo, ihlawulisa irhafu yexabiso elongeziweyo (i-VAT) kwiintengiso zasekhaya kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kunye neenkonzo kumazwe angaphandle. Izinga le-VAT eliqhelekileyo e-Austria ngoku libekwe kwi-20%, kodwa kukho amaxabiso ancitshisiweyo e-10% kunye ne-13% kwiimveliso ezithile ezifana nokutya, indawo yokuhlala ehotele, iziganeko zenkcubeko, njl. Kumashishini abandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle, i-VAT inokukhululwa okanye i-zero ifakwe phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Abathumeli bangaphandle kufuneka babonelele ngobungqina bentengiselwano yokuthumela ngaphandle njengee-invoyisi zorhwebo, amaxwebhu ezothutho, ukukhutshwa kwempahla ngaphandle kwempahla, njl.njl., ukuze bafanelekele ukukhululwa kwi-VAT okanye ukulinganiswa kwe-zero. Ukongeza kwingqwalasela ye-VAT, abathumeli bangaphandle basenokufuna ukuthobela imirhumo ebekwe yi-Austria okanye ilizwe abathumela kulo. Imirhumo yeCustoms ibekwe ngamazwe ngamanye ngokusekwe kwimigaqo-nkqubo yawo yorhwebo kwaye inokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso kunye nemvelaphi/indawo. IOstriya njengenxalenye yeManyano yaseYurophu (EU), ixhamla kwizivumelwano zorhwebo ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwimarike ye-EU kunye nempatho ekhethekileyo phantsi kwezivumelwano zorhwebo ezisimahla ezisayinwe namanye amazwe kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi zivumelwano zihlala zinciphisa okanye ziphelise imirhumo phakathi kwamazwe athatha inxaxheba. Ngokubanzi, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wase-Austria malunga nempahla yokuthumela ngaphandle igxile ikakhulu ekuqokeleleni irhafu eyongeziweyo endaweni yokubeka irhafu ejolise ngqo kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Amashishini ajolise kumazwe angaphandle kufuneka afune iingcebiso zobuchwephesha ngokuphathelele kwiimfuno ezithile zamaxwebhu kunye nezibophelelo zokuthotyelwa ezinxulumene nokukhululwa kwi-VAT okanye umlinganiselo onguziro xa uthumela ngaphandle e-Austria.
Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo zokuthumela ngaphandle
IOstriya lilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Yurophu kwaye idume ngeemveliso neenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukuze kuququzelelwe urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, i-Austria iye yaseka inkqubo engqongqo yesatifikethi sokuthumela ngaphandle eqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lweempahla zayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwesatifikethi yase-Austrian ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi. Okokuqala, abathumeli bangaphandle kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba iimveliso zabo zihambelana nemithetho kunye nemimiselo yase-Austrian malunga nempilo, ukhuseleko kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho. Oku kuquka ukufumana iipemethe eziyimfuneko okanye iilayisensi ezingqalileyo kumashishini athile. Okwesibini, abathumeli bangaphandle kufuneka bathobele imimiselo ye-European Union (EU) njengoko i-Austria ililungu le-EU. Le migaqo ibandakanya imiba eyahlukeneyo efana neemfuno zokuleyibhile, iinkcukacha zemveliso, imigangatho yokupakishwa, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokusingqongileyo. Ukongeza, ezinye iimveliso zinokufuna izatifikethi ezongezelelweyo okanye amaxwebhu ngokuxhomekeke kubume bazo. Umzekelo, ukuthunyelwa kwemveliso kwamanye amazwe kwezolimo kufuneka kuhambelane nezikhokelo zoMgaqo-nkqubo wezoLimo oQhelekileyo we-EU malunga nenkxaso-mali, amaxabiso, izabelo, kunye nemigangatho yemveliso. Ukufumana isatifikethi sokuthumela ngaphandle e-Austria, umthumeli wangaphandle kufuneka angenise amaxwebhu afunekayo kunye nolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Oku kubandakanya ii-invoyisi okanye amaxwebhu orhwebo, iirisithi zentlawulo, izatifikethi zemvelaphi, kunye neefomu zezithethe. la maxwebhu okuthotyelwa phambi kokunika imvume yokuthumela ngaphandle. Abathengisi bangaphandle nabo banokhetho lokusebenzisa ii-arhente zeqela lesithathu ezivunyiweyo ngurhulumente waseOstriya ukuququzelela le nkqubo.Ngaphezu koko, i-Austria inezivumelwano zamazwe amabini kunye namazwe amaninzi ezenza lula iinkqubo zorhwebo phakathi kwabo, okwenza kube lula kubathengisi abavela kuloo mazwe athile. Ngokuthobela inkqubo yeOstriya yokukhutshwa kwezatifikethi zokuthumela ngaphandle, ukuthunyelwa kwemveliso kweli lizwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwihlabathi jikelele ngomgangatho wazo, ukuthembeka, kunye nokubambelela kwimigangatho yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe.Ezi ziqinisekiso zikwanceda ukwakha ukuthembana phakathi kwabathengi bamazwe angaphandle, okukhokelela kuhlumo loqoqosho oluzinzileyo ngokwandiswa kwamathuba oshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Ulungiselelo lolungiselelo olucetyiswayo
I-Austria, ekuMbindi Yurophu, yaziwa ngothungelwano olusebenzayo noluthembekileyo lolungiselelo. Ngendawo yayo yobuchule ekudibaneni kweendlela ezinkulu zezothutho, iAustria ibonelela ngeenkonzo ezigqwesileyo zolungiselelo kumashishini asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Enye yezinto eziphambili ezinegalelo kwiziseko zoncedo ezomeleleyo zaseAustria luthungelwano lwendlela oluphuhliswe kakuhle. Eli lizwe linenkqubo ebanzi yoohola bendlela neendlela ezihamba ngokukhawuleza ezidibanisa amazwe angabamelwane anjengeJamani, iSwitzerland, iItali, iSlovakia neHungary. Oku kwenza ukuba uthutho lwendlela lube yindlela efanelekileyo yokuhambisa iimpahla ngaphakathi kwe-Austria okanye ukuwela imida. Ukongeza kwiindlela, iAustria nayo inenkqubo kaloliwe edityaniswe kakuhle. I-Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) isebenzisa uthungelwano olubanzi loololiwe ababonelela ngeenkonzo zothutho ezikhawulezayo nezisebenzayo kulo lonke ilizwe. Uthutho lukaloliwe luluncedo kakhulu kwimpahla enkulu okanye enzima njengoko ivumela umthamo omkhulu wemithwalo ukuba uthuthwe kanye. Kumashishini akhangela iinketho zothutho lomoya, iAustria inezikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe ezisebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zemithwalo. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseVienna sesona sikhululo seenqwelomoya sikhulu eOstriya esineziko elizinikeleyo lokuphatha imithwalo enikezela ngeenkonzo ezibanzi zothutho ngomoya. Ezinye izikhululo zeenqwelo moya ezinkulu eGraz, eLinz, naseSalzburg nazo zibonelela ngokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwempahla yomoya. Indawo esembindini yeOstriya ikwanika ukufikelela kumazibuko amaninzi ngokudlula kumazwe angabamelwane anjengeJamani okanye i-Itali. Nangona ingenalo ufikelelo oluthe ngqo elunxwemeni ngokwayo, amashishini anokusebenzisa amazibuko akufutshane njengeHamburg okanye iTrieste ukuthutha iimpahla ngokufanelekileyo phesheya kolwandle ngeenkonzo zothutho elwandle. Ngaphaya koko, iOstriya ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwababoneleli ngenkonzo yolungiselelo abaziingcali kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yolawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela kubandakanya ukugcinwa kunye nokuhanjiswa. Ezi nkampani zibonelela ngezixhobo zangoku ezixhotyiswe ngetekhnoloji yanamhlanje eqinisekisa ukugcinwa okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla ngexesha. Okokugqibela, ukubaluleka kunikwa uzinzo kwiinkqubo ze-Austrian Logistics kunye namanyathelo okukhuthaza izisombululo eziluhlaza ezifumana amandla. Ababoneleli abaninzi bezothutho bajolise ekusebenziseni izithuthi ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphumeza amanyathelo asebenzayo amandla kwimisebenzi yabo, Ukushwankathela, i-Austria ibonelela ngeendlela ezigqwesileyo zolungiselelo ngokusebenzisa iindlela zayo eziphuhliswe kakuhle kunye nothungelwano lukaloliwe, iinkonzo zothutho zomoya ezisebenzayo, ukufikelela ngokulula kumazibuko angabamelwane, uluhlu olubanzi lwababoneleli bezothutho, kunye nogxininiso olukhulayo lokuzinza. Amashishini anokuxhomekeka kwiziseko zoncedo ezomeleleyo zaseAustria ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla ngexesha.
Imijelo yophuhliso lwabathengi

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

IOstriya, ekumbindi weYurophu, ilikhaya kwiindlela ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo. La maqonga abonelela ngamathuba okuba amashishini andise uthungelwano lwawo kwaye abonise iimveliso zawo kubaphulaphuli behlabathi. Nazi ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo: 1. IZiko laMazwe ngaMazwe laseVienna (VIC): Njengelinye lakomkhulu amane oMbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo, i-VIC isebenza njengendawo eyindawo yemisebenzi yozakuzo kunye nokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe. Inkitha yemibutho kunye nee-arhente zisebenza ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo, zidala ubuhlakani obunokubakho kunye namathuba oshishino. 2. Imiboniso yoRhwebo yaseVienna: Amaziko emiboniso amabini aphambili eVienna - uMboniso weMesse Wien & Congress Centre (FVA) kunye neReed Exhibitions iMesse Wien - ibamba imiboniso eyahlukeneyo yorhwebo unyaka wonke. Le minyhadala ibandakanya amacandelo afana nelokwakha, iteknoloji, ukhenketho, ukutya nesiselo, ifashoni, nokunye. 3. Iziko leMboniso laseGraz: Likwidolophu yesibini ngobukhulu eAustria, iGraz, eli ziko lomboniso litsala abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abasuka kumashishini ahlukeneyo aquka ubunjineli bezithuthi, ukwenziwa kombane, ubuchwephesha bokusingqongileyo phakathi kwezinye. 4. IMiboniso yoRhwebo yaseSalzburg: uMboniso weSalzburg kunye neZiko leNkongolo libamba imiboniso yorhwebo emininzi egxile kumacandelo afana nobugcisa kunye neemveliso zemarike zobugcisa ezifana neeseramikhi okanye izixhobo zokwenza izacholo. 5. IiPlatifomu zokuThengwa kwi-Intanethi: Iiplatifti ezininzi zedijithali zenza ukuba amashishini abandakanyeke ekuboneleleni ngamazwe ngamazwe kubaboneleli baseAustria ngokulula. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-Alibaba.com (i-Global Sources), i-GlobalTrade.net (inkonzo ye-Export Entreprises SA), okanye i-Austria Export Online. I-6 Austrian Federal Economic Chamber (WKO): Eli ziko lisebenza njengegqwetha leenkampani zaseOstriya phesheya ngelixa litsala abatyali-zimali bangaphandle ngothungelwano lweeofisi zengingqi kwiOstriya iphela. I-7 ye-E-Marketplaces: I-e-marketplaces ezidumileyo ezifana ne-Amazon.com okanye i-eBay.com zinika amashishini ase-Austrian ithuba lokufikelela kubathengi abaninzi kwihlabathi jikelele ngeemveliso okanye iinkonzo zabo. Isi-8 semiboniso yoRhwebo oluKhethekileyo: Imiboniso eyahlukeneyo engqamene necandelo iqhubeka rhoqo ngonyaka kulo lonke elase-Austria edibanisa abadlali abaphambili abavela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele ngeenjongo zothungelwano kunye nokuthenga. Umzekelo, iVienna Autoshow ngomnye wemiboniso yemoto ebaluleke kakhulu yaseYurophu, ngelixa iSalon Österreich Wein ibonisa iindawo zewayini ezaziwayo zaseAustria. Eminye imisitho engqamene neshishini ibandakanya i-Energy Innovation Austria kwicandelo lamandla kunye ne-Intersolar kumashishini ombane welanga. Ukuqukumbela, iOstriya ibonelela ngoluhlu lweendlela ezibalulekileyo zokuthenga kumazwe ngamazwe eziquka iVIC, iVienna Trade Fairs, iGraz Exhibition Centre, kunye neSalzburg Trade Fairs. Ukongeza, iiplatifti ze-intanethi ezifana ne-Alibaba.com kunye ne-WKO zibonelela ngeendlela zophuhliso lweshishini lehlabathi. Urhwebo olungqale kushishino lubonisa ngakumbi amathuba okwandisa ngokudibanisa abadlali abaphambili kumacandelo athile. La maqonga ngokudibeneyo anegalelo kwimekobume yoshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe e-Austria kwaye aququzelele urhwebo namazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele.
IOstriya, ekuMbindi Yurophu, yaziwa ngobutyebi belifa lenkcubeko kunye neendawo ezintle zomhlaba. Xa kuziwa ekusetyenzisweni kwe-intanethi, abantu base-Austrian ngokuyintloko baxhomekeke kwiinjini ezahlukeneyo zokukhangela ukufumana ulwazi kwi-intanethi. Ngelixa ii-injini zokukhangela zehlabathi eziphambili njengeGoogle zisetyenziswa kakhulu, kukwakho iinjini zokukhangela ezidumileyo zasekhaya ezijongana ngqo nabaphulaphuli baseOstriya. Nalu uluhlu lweenjini zokukhangela eziqhele ukusetyenziswa eOstriya: 1. I-Google Ostriya: Inguqulelo yase-Austrian ye-enjini yokukhangela edumileyo yehlabathi inokufumaneka ku-www.google.at. Ibonelela ngeziphumo zendawo kunye neenkonzo ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa imarike yaseAustria. 2. I-Bing: I-injini yokukhangela ye-Microsoft ye-Bing nayo inesiseko esibalulekileyo sabasebenzisi e-Austria. Ngokundwendwela ku-www.bing.com okanye utshintshe useto lwakho lokukhangela eOstriya, unokufikelela kwiziphumo ezilungiselelwe eli lizwe. 3. I-Yahoo - Wikipedia: Nangona ingeyiyo injini yokukhangela ezinikeleyo, abantu abaninzi base-Austrian basebenzisa iphepha lasekhaya le-Yahoo njengesango labo eliphambili kwi-intanethi apho banokufikelela kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo kuquka uphendlo lwewebhu. Ndwendwela www.yahoo.at okanye usete isikhangeli sakho esikhethwayo ngokufanelekileyo. 4. I-Ecosia - Die grüne Suchmaschine: I-Ecosia yinjini yokukhangela ekhathalela indalo esingqongileyo ethi inike uninzi lwengeniso yayo kwiinzame zokulima kwakhona amahlathi kwihlabathi liphela. Abasebenzisi base-Austrian abaxabisa uzinzo banokukhetha i-Ecosia njengokhetho lwabo olusisiseko ngokufikelela ku-www.ecosia.org/at/. 5. I-Lycos Austria: I-Lycos ibonelela ngeenguqulelo zasekuhlaleni kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kuquka i-Austria (www.lycosaustria.at) apho abasebenzisi banokwenza uphendlo olulungiselelwe ngokukodwa lo mmandla. 6. yelp – Österreichs Yelp-Seite: I-Yelp yaziwa kakhulu ngokubonelela ngophononongo olwenziwe ngumsebenzisi kunye neengcebiso malunga namashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nokusekwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi, kubandakanya i-Austria (www.yelp.at). Ngaphandle kwezi zikhetho zisekwe eOstriya, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba abantu abaninzi base-Austrian basasebenzisa amaqonga ehlabathi afana noGoogle ngenxa yokugubungela okubanzi kunye nokuchaneka kweziphumo kuyo yonke imimandla. Ngokubanzi, ezi njini zokukhangela zidweliswe ngasentla zibonelela ngoluhlu lweenketho kubasebenzisi ukufumana ulwazi abaludingayo ngelixa bejonga i-intanethi eOstriya. Nangona kunjalo, kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba ugcine umkhondo weendlela kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo zasekhaya njengoko zinokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

EOstriya, awona maxwebhu aphambili atyheli amaxwebhu aquka: 1. IDatha yeShishini likaHerold: UHerold yenye yezona nkcukacha zidumileyo zamaphepha omthubi e-Austria. Ibonelela ngolwazi olubanzi malunga namashishini, iinkonzo, kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.herold.at 2. I-Telefonbuch Österreich (i-Telekom): Uluhlu lweefowuni zeTelekom sesinye isixhobo esibalaseleyo sokufumana uluhlu lwamashishini kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano e-Austria. iwebhusayithi: www.telefonbuch.at 3. I-Cylex Österreich: I-Cylex ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini e-Austria. Ibonelela ngeeprofayile zenkampani ezineenkcukacha, uphononongo lwabathengi, kunye nemilinganiselo yokunceda abasebenzisi bafumane iimveliso okanye iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo. iwebhusayithi: www.cylex.at 4. Gelbe Seiten Austria (Herold Medien): I-Gelbe Seiten luluhlu lwe-intanethi oluvumela abasebenzisi ukukhangela amashishini ngokodidi okanye indawo kwi-Austria yonke. umthombo: www.gelbeseiten.at 5. 11880.com - Das Örtliche (Telegate Media): Le ncwadana ye-intanethi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Das Örtliche," yenza abasebenzisi bafune amashishini asekuhlaleni kunye neenombolo zefowuni ezibalulekileyo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yase-Austria. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.dasoertliche.at 6. IGoYellow (Sure Holdings GmbH): IGoYellow ibonelela ngesiseko sedatha esibanzi esinamangenelo amaninzi amashishini asuka kumacandelo awohlukeneyo eOstriya. Inika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nenkampani nganye kunye nophononongo lwabasebenzisi. umthombo: https://www.goyellow.de/ Ezi nkcukacha zamaphepha atyheli zinokufikelelwa kwi-intanethi ngokusebenzisa iiwebhusayithi zazo ezikhankanywe ngasentla. Basebenza njengezixhobo ezixabisekileyo zokufumana amashishini kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezinxulumeneyo kwimarike yaseAustria. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezinye zezi webhusayithi zinokuba nazo zombini iinguqulelo zesiJamani kunye nesiNgesi ezifumanekayo ukulungiselela iilwimi ezahlukeneyo ezikhethwa ngabasebenzisi.

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

IOstriya, ilizwe elihle elikuMbindi Yurophu, linamaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce abonelela ngezidingo zabemi bayo. Nalu uluhlu lwamaqonga e-e-commerce aphambili e-Austria kunye neewebhusayithi zabo: 1. IAmazon Ostriya: Ukuba lelinye lawona maqonga ee-commerce makhulu kwihlabathi, iAmazon ikwasebenza eOstriya. Abathengi banokufumana uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso ezibandakanya i-elektroniki, ifashoni, izixhobo zasekhaya, kunye nokunye. umthombo: www.amazon.at 2. I-eBay Austria: Indawo yentengiso ye-intanethi apho abantu banokuthenga kwaye bathengise izinto ezintsha okanye ezisetyenzisiweyo. I-eBay ibonelela ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-elektroniki, imfashini, izinto eziqokelelwayo, kunye nokunye. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.ebay.at 3. Otto Österreich: Eli qonga libonelela ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso ukusuka kwimpahla ukuya kwimpahla yasekhaya kunye ne-electronics. Ibonelela abathengi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthenga kwi-Intanethi. umthombo: www.otto.at 4. I-Bol.com yase-Austria: Iqonga elaziwayo leencwadi kunye neemveliso zemidiya ye-elektroniki njengeeDVD okanye iiCD. I-Bol.com ikwabonelela ngeethoyi, imidlalo, izixhobo zekhompyuter. umthombo: www.bol.com/at/ 5. Zalando Austria: Ikhethekileyo kwifashoni kunye nezihlangu zamadoda, abafazi, kunye nabantwana abavela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezaziwayo kwihlabathi. Iwebhusayithi: www.zalando.at 6.Buyvip.at : Iklabhu yokuthengisa yabucala ebonelela ngeentengiso ezikhethekileyo kwizinto zempahla enegama ngamaxabiso athotyiweyo. IWebhusayithi (iqondiswe kwakhona ku): https://www.amazon.de/b?ie=UTF8&node=10156082031&ref=pz_asin_mw_website_at_lnd_472.webkit.aplus-10.product-site-merch-enhanced-mb23817_c_enf717_23817_c_f7e-stack_stake 648- f1d78ff75497_ACES_GREY_ATCCOEUGV358T1XBK63A.--ESBUUIGV225B7316GL.by_conversions_homepage_other_mb_Product_page_card_2C_AFV3_maskwebairtaskersto1_v2v2v2v2v2v2v29life La maqonga e-e-commerce e-Austria abonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso kunye namava afanelekileyo okuthenga kwi-intanethi. Nokuba ukhangela iincwadi, izinto zombane, izinto zefashoni, okanye iimpahla zasekhaya, ezi webhusayithi zikunika iindlela ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo ukuze ufumane iimveliso ozifunayo kubutofotofo bekhaya lakho.

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

I-Austria, ilizwe elihle kuMbindi Yurophu, inamaqonga eendaba ezentlalo adumileyo apho abantu banokunxibelelana, babelane ngomxholo, kwaye bazibandakanye nabanye. Nanga amanye awona maqonga eendaba asetyenziswa rhoqo eOstriya: 1. I-Facebook (www.facebook.com): I-Facebook lelona qonga lonxibelelwano likhulu kwihlabathi kwaye lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi eOstriya. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze iiprofayili zobuqu, banxibelelane nabahlobo kunye nosapho, bajoyine amaqela, kwaye babelane ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesiqulatho esinje ngeefoto, iividiyo, kunye nohlaziyo lwesimo. 2. Whatsapp (www.whatsapp.com): WhatsApp lusetyenziso lwemiyalezo esetyenziswa zizigidi ehlabathini lonke kunxibelelwano lobuqu kunye nobungcali. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathumele imiyalezo ebhaliweyo, ukurekhodwa kwelizwi, ukwenza iifowuni zevidiyo kunye nokwabelana ngamaxwebhu kunye neefayile zemultimedia. 3. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com): I-Instagram liqonga lokwabelana ngefoto elidumileyo eliye lafumana ukuthandwa okubalulekileyo e-Austria kule minyaka idlulileyo. Abasebenzisi banokuthumela imifanekiso kunye neevidiyo kwiiprofayili zabo besebenzisa izihluzi ezibukekayo kwaye bazibandakanye nabanye abasebenzisi ngamagqabaza okanye imiyalezo ethe ngqo. 4. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com): I-Twitter ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baveze iingcamango zabo okanye iingcamango zabo ngokusebenzisa izithuba ezimfutshane ezisekelwe kwiitekisi ezaziwa ngokuba yi "tweets." Eli qonga le-microblogging likhuthaza unxibelelwano malunga nezihloko ezihamba phambili ngokulandela isondlo sabanye abasebenzisi. 5. I-XING (www.xing.com): I-XING igxile ikakhulu kumathuba othungelwano lobuchwephesha afana nokuzingela umsebenzi okanye uqhagamshelwano lweshishini phakathi koluntu lwase-Austria. 6.TikTok (www.tiktok.com):TikTok ifumene ukuthandwa ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabaphulaphuli abancinci ngokwenza iividiyo ezimfutshane zokonwabisa kubandakanya imingeni yomdaniso, iiseshini zokucula njl njl. 7.Snapchat (www.snapchat.com):I-Snapchat ibonelela ngeqonga lokwabelana ngeefoto okanye iividiyo ezithi zinyamalale emva kokuyijonga kube kanye.Ikwabonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezonwabileyo njengezihluzi, iilensi, kunye nezincamathelisi. I-8.Reddit (www.reddit.com):I-Reddit iqulathe uluntu oluninzi olusekwe kwimidla eyahlukeneyo apho amalungu anokuzibandakanya kwiingxoxo.Imicimbi yangoku, imidlalo, iimuvi, imidlalo zezinye zezihloko eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabasebenzisi beReddit baseAustria. La ngamanye amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo adumileyo eOstriya. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ubukho kunye nokusetyenziswa kunokwahluka phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo kunye nabantu ngabanye.

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

I-Austria inoluhlu olubanzi lwemibutho yoshishino emele amacandelo ahlukeneyo oqoqosho. Le mibutho idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqulunqeni umgaqo-nkqubo, ekuthetheleleni iinkampani ezingamalungu ayo, nasekukhuthazeni umdla wamashishini abo. Nantsi eminye yemibutho ephambili yoshishino e-Austria kunye neewebhusayithi zabo: 1. I-Austrian Federal Economic Chamber (Wirtschaftskammer Österreich): Eli gumbi limele onke amacandelo oqoqosho lwase-Austrian kwaye ngumbutho omkhulu kumagumbi ahlukeneyo amacandelo athile. umthombo: https://www.wko.at/ 2. I-Austrian Trade Association (Handelsverband Österreich): Lo mbutho umele abathengisi kunye nabathengisi abasebenza e-Austria. umthombo: https://www.handelsverband.at/en/ 3. I-Federation of Austrian Industries (Industriellenvereinigung): I-Federation imele amashishini amashishini kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, imigaqo-nkqubo echaphazelayo enxulumene nemithetho yezabasebenzi, irhafu, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, kunye norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. umthombo: https://www.iv-net.at/home.html 4. I-Association for Fashion & Lifestyle Industries (Verband der Mode- und Lifestyleindustrie): Lo mbutho udibanisa abaqulunqi befashoni, abavelisi, abathengisi, kunye nabanye abachaphazelekayo kushishino lwefashoni. umthombo: http://www.v-mode.eu/cms/ 5. Umbutho woShishino loKhenketho eOstriya (Österreichische Hotel- und Tourismusbankerschaft): Umele abasebenzi bokhenketho, iihotele, iindawo zokutyela, iindawo zokuchithela iiholide phakathi kwezinye; lo mbutho udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukhenketho ngaphakathi eOstriya nakwamanye amazwe. umthombo: https://www.oehvt.at/en/ 6. I-Austrian Farmers' Federation (Landwirtschaftskammer Österreich): Ukumela amafama kunye namashishini ezolimo kwilizwe lonke; lo mfelandawonye usebenzela ukumela iimfuno zezolimo phambi kwamaqumrhu karhulumente kuwo omabini amanqanaba kazwelonke nakwamanye amazwe. Iwebhusayithi http://www.lk-oe.at/en.html 7. I-Information Technology Industry Council yase-Austria (Fachverband der Elektro- und Elektronikindustrie - Bundessparte Informationstechnologie – Wirtschaftskammer Österreich): Lo mbutho umele iinkampani ze-IT kwaye ukhuthaze umdla weshishini le-IT laseAustria. umthombo: https://www.izt.at/ Le yimizekelo embalwa yemibutho emininzi yoshishino e-Austria. Babonelela ngezibonelelo ezixabisekileyo, iinkonzo, kunye nokwazisa amacandelo abo. Ukuba unomdla kwishishini elithile, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphonononge iiwebhusayithi zemibutho ehambelanayo ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluninzi.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

IOstriya, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengeRiphabhlikhi yaseOstriya, lilizwe elikuMbindi Yurophu. Inoqoqosho oluphuhlileyo kwaye yaziwa ngomgangatho wayo ophakamileyo wokuphila. Ilizwe lineewebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo zezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo ezibonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo kunye nezibonelelo kubantu kunye namashishini ajonge ukubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho okanye urhwebo ngaphakathi kweOstriya. Nazi ezinye zeewebhusayithi ezibalaseleyo zoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo e-Austria kunye nee-URL zazo: 1. I-Austrian Federal Economic Chamber (Wirtschaftskammer Österreich): www.wko.at Le webhusayithi inikezela ngolwazi olubanzi malunga noqoqosho lwase-Austrian, imimiselo yezoshishino, amathuba emarike, iziganeko zokunxibelelana, kunye neenkonzo ezinikezelwa yi-Chamber. 2. I-ADVANTAGE AUSTRIA: www.advantageaustria.org I-Advantage Austria yindawo yoshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe eqhutywa yi-Austrian Federal Economic Chamber. Ibonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha ngamathuba otyalo-mali, isikhokelo sokuthumela ngaphandle-ngaphandle, iingcebiso malunga nokuqalisa ishishini e-Austria, ulwazi oluthe ngqo kwicandelo, kunye nokunye. 3. I-Arhente yoShishino lwase-Austrian: www.investinaustria.at I-Arhente yoShishino lwase-Austrian (ABA) isebenza njengeqabane elisemthethweni kwiinkampani zangaphandle ezinomdla ekusekeni ubukho babo okanye ukwandisa imisebenzi yazo e-Austria. Le webhusayithi ibonelela ngolwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nokwenza ishishini eOstriya. 4. IStatistics Austria (Statistik Österreich): www.statistik.at/web_en/ I-Statistics Austria inoxanduva lokuqokelela, ukuhlalutya, kunye nokupapasha idatha yeenkcukacha-manani ezinxulumene nemiba eyahlukeneyo yoqoqosho lwase-Austrian efana nedemographics, iintsingiselo zemarike yabasebenzi, amazinga okukhula kweGDP njl.njl., enokubaluleka kumashishini kunye nabatyali-mali abafuna ukuqonda kweemarike. 5. I-Oesterreichische Nationalbank - iCandelo loHlalutyo loQoqosho: https://www.oenb.at/en/Monetary-Policy-Agenda/Economic-analysis.html ICandelo loHlalutyo loQoqosho lweBhanki yeSizwe ye-Oesterreichische ibonelela ngopapasho lophando olunxulumene nohlalutyo loqoqosho olukhulu lwamacandelo ahlukeneyo kuqoqosho lwaseOstriya. 6.Fumana iNtsha entsha evela kwi-AIT- https://www.notice-ait.com/ I-AIT, i-Austrian Institute of Technology, yazisa iiprojekthi zayo zenzululwazi kwiingcali zezoqoqosho kunye nezoshishino kweli qonga. Iwebhusayithi ibonelela ngolwazi malunga nokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuqhubela phambili kophando eOstriya. Le yimizekelo embalwa yeewebhusayithi ezininzi zezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo ezikhoyo e-Austria. Ukuphonononga ezi zixhobo kuya kukunika ukuqonda okuxabisekileyo kuqoqosho lwase-Austrian, amathuba otyalo-mali, iintsingiselo zemarike, imimiselo yeshishini, kunye nokunye.

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

Nazi ezinye iiwebhusayithi zokufumana idatha yorhwebo e-Austria, enekhonkco kubo: 1. I-Austrian Federal Economic Chamber (Wirtschaftskammer Osterreich) umthombo: https://www.wko.at/service/aussenwirtschaft/Auslandsmarkt-Informationen.html 2. Iinkcukacha-manani zaseOstriya (i-Statistik Austria) umthombo: https://www.statistik.at/web_en/ 3.Central Bank of Austria (Oesterreichische Nationalbank) Umthombo: https://www.oenb.at/en/Statistics/economic-sectors/outside-austria/trade-in-goods.html 4. I-Federal Ministry yeDigital and Economic Affairs (Bundesministerium fur Digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandort) 4. I-Federal Ministry ye-Digital and Economic Affairs (Bundesministerium fur digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandard) Iwebhusayithi: http://help.gv.at/Portal.Node/hlpd/public/content/671/Seite.6710460.html Ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha kunye neenkcukacha malunga nedatha yorhwebo yesizwe yaseAustria. Unokufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nedatha yorhwebo ngokulandela amakhonkco kwiwebhusayithi nganye kwaye uphequlula amaphepha afanelekileyo.

amaqonga B2b

I-Austria, ilizwe elikuMbindi Yurophu, yaziwa ngeziseko zayo zeshishini elomeleleyo kunye namaqonga e-B2B (i-Business-to-Business) ekhulayo. Kukho iiplatifti ezahlukeneyo zeB2B e-Austria eziququzelela urhwebo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwamashishini. Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu lwamaqonga eB2B adumileyo eOstriya kunye neewebhusayithi zabo. 1. I-EUROPAGES I-Austria - i-Europages liqonga le-intanethi le-B2B elidibanisa abathengi kunye nababoneleli abavela kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ibonisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini kunye namacandelo, okwenza ukuba ibe liqonga elifanelekileyo lokunxibelelana kunye nokufumana amaqabane oshishino. umthombo: https://www.europages.at/ 2. I-Global Trade Plaza (GTP) - I-GTP yindawo yentengiso ye-B2B yamazwe ngamazwe edibanisa amashishini ase-Austrian kunye namaqabane ehlabathi. Ibonelela ngeempawu ezibanzi ezifana nomboniso wemveliso, ukuthenga/ukuthengisa okukhokelayo, kunye namathuba orhwebo. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://www.globaltradeplaza.com/austria 3. I-Exporters.SG - Njengoko igama libonisa, i-Exporters.SG igxile ekukhuthazeni ukuthunyelwa kwe-Austrian kwimarike yehlabathi. Eli qonga lenza ukuba amashishini afikelele kubantu abanokuba ngabathengi kwihlabathi liphela ngokubonisa iimveliso okanye iinkonzo zabo. iwebhusayithi: https://austria.exporters.sg/ 4. I-Alibaba.com i-Austria - i-Alibaba.com yenye yezona zikhululo ze-e-commerce ze-B2B zehlabathi, kuquka necandelo elizinikeleyo lamashishini e-Austria. Ivumela iinkampani zaseOstriya ukuba zibonise iimveliso zazo kwihlabathi jikelele ngenethiwekhi enkulu yabathengi. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://www.alibaba.com/countrysearch/AT/austria.html I-5.TV Media Online Markt Network (OMN) - I-TV Media Online Markt Network ibonelela ngendawo yokuthengisa ye-intanethi ekhethekileyo egxile kumashishini anxulumene neendaba ezifana nee-arhente zentengiso, iinkampani zemveliso, abasasazo njl., ezinceda iinkampani ukuba zifumane amaqabane oshishino afunwayo. Iwebhusayithi: http://tv-media.co/en/omn-austrian-marketplace IMarike ye-6.ABB- Indawo yeMarike ye-ABB ibonelela ngezisombululo ezizenzekelayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo afana nokuvelisa, ulawulo lwamandla njl.njl., ukudibanisa abathengi nababoneleli beemveliso ze-ABB kunye neenkonzo eOstriya. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: https://new.abb.com/marketplace Le yimizekelo embalwa yamaqonga e-B2B akhoyo e-Austria. Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba uqhubele phambili uphonononga kwaye uvavanye iqonga ngalinye ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zakho zeshishini elithile ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe elikufanela kakhulu.
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