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Ilizwe jikelele
I-Chad lilizwe elivaliweyo kumbindi weAfrika. Ijikelezwe yiLibya emantla, iSudan ngasempuma, iRiphabhlikhi yaseMbindi Afrika emazantsi, iCameroon kunye neNigeria kumazantsi-ntshona, kunye neNiger ngasentshona. Ngommandla omalunga ne-1.28 yezigidi zeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha, ikwilizwe lesihlanu ngobukhulu kwilizwekazi laseAfrika. Abemi baseChad baqikelelwa ukuba bamalunga ne-16 lezigidi zabantu. Ikomkhulu layo kunye nesona sixeko sikhulu yiN'Djamena. Iilwimi ezisemthethweni sisiFrentshi nesiArabhu, ngoxa iilwimi zomthonyama ezingaphezu kwe-120 nazo zithethwa ngamaqela ezizwe ezahlukeneyo eChad. Uqoqosho lwaseChad luxhomekeke kakhulu kwezolimo, imveliso yeoli, kunye nokufuya imfuyo. Uninzi lwabantu luyaziphilisa ngokulima, ukulima izityalo ezifana nemazi, amazimba, umbona, amandongomane, nomqhaphu ukuze zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Ukuhlolwa kweoli kuye kwazisa ingeniso ebalulekileyo eChad; nangona kunjalo ukungalingani kwezoqoqosho kuhlala kungumngeni kunye namazinga aphezulu entlupheko. I-Chad inelifa lenkcubeko eyahlukeneyo ngenxa yobuninzi bezizwe zayo ezibandakanya iSara-Bagirmians yeyona inkulu ilandelwa ngama-Arab Chadians kunye nezinye ezifana neKanembu/Kanuri/Bornu, Mboum, Maba, Masalit, Teda, Zaghawa, Acholi, Kotoko, Bedouin, Fulbe - I-Fula, iFang, nezinye ezininzi. Inkcubeko yaseChad iquka umculo wesintu, umdaniso, iminyhadala, iziza zembali, ezifana neMeroë isixeko samandulo esibhengezwe njengesiza seLifa leMveli leHlabathi le-UNESCO. I-smithing yongeza umtsalane kwimisebenzi yezandla yase-Chad.Ukwahluka okubanzi kwe-Chad kubonisa ukonwatyiswa kokupheka kuyo yonke imimandla enezitya ezithandwayo ezifana nepapa ye-millet,"dégué" (ubisi olumuncu), isityu senkukhu okanye senyama yenkomo, i-midji Bouzou (isitya sentlanzi), kunye nesosi yamandongomane eyongwa kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwelifa lenkcubeko elityebileyo, ilizwe lijongene nemingeni equka ukungazinzi kwezopolitiko, ungquzulwano lwezixhobo kunye nembalela rhoqo. Imiba eqhubekayo yokhuseleko eyenziwa yiBoko Haram kwingingqi yeLake Chad ichaphazele uzinzo kwaye yagxotha abantu abaninzi. I-Chad lilungu lemibutho eyahlukeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe kuquka iZizwe eziManyeneyo, iManyano ye-Afrika, kunye noMbutho weNtsebenziswano yamaSilamsi. Ilizwe lizama ukulungisa imingeni yalo yophuhliso ngokusebenzisana nee-arhente zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nobudlelwane bozakuzo namanye amazwe. Ngamafutshane, iChad lilizwe elivaliweyo kumbindi weAfrika elaziwa ngobuninzi beentlanga ezahlukeneyo, uqoqosho oluxhomekeke kwezolimo, ilifa lenkcubeko eyahlukeneyo, kunye nemingeni eqhubekayo efana nokungazinzi kwezopolitiko kunye nokupheliswa kwentlupheko.
Imali yeSizwe
Imeko yemali eChad inika umdla kakhulu. Imali esemthethweni yaseChad yiCFA franc yoMbindi Afrika, ebisetyenziswa ukususela ngo-1945. Isishunqulelo sayo sithi XAF, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi akuMbindi Afrika. I-CFA franc yimali exhomekeke kwi-euro, okuthetha ukuba izinga lotshintshiselwano kunye ne-euro lihlala lizinzile. Oku kuvumela ukurhweba lula kunye neentengiselwano zemali kunye namazwe asebenzisa i-euro njengemali yawo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona uzinzo, kuye kwakho inkxalabo malunga nexabiso le-franc ye-CFA kunye nefuthe layo kuqoqosho lwe-Chad. Abanye baphikisa ngelithi ukubotshelelwa kwimali yehlabathi enkulu kuthintela ukuzimela geqe kwezoqoqosho kwaye kuthintela iinzame zophuhliso lwasekuhlaleni. I-Chad ijongene nemingeni ethile malunga nemeko yemali yayo. Uqoqosho lwayo luxhomekeke kakhulu kwimveliso yeoli kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, nto leyo eyenza ibe sesichengeni sokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso eoli kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. Obu buthathaka buguqulela ekubeni kuguquguquke nakwimali yesizwe. Ngaphezu koko, kukho iingxoxo malunga nokuba iChad kufuneka iqhubeke isebenzisa i-franc yeCFA okanye yamkele inkqubo yemali eyahlukileyo ehambelana kakuhle neemfuno kunye neenjongo zayo njengelizwe. Isishwankathelo, iChad isebenzisa i-franc yaseCentral African CFA njengemali yayo esemthethweni. Nangona oku kunika uzinzo ngenxa yokudityaniswa kwe-euro, kukho iingxoxo eziqhubekayo malunga neenguqu ezinokuthi zibekho okanye ezinye iindlela ezinikwe ukuxhomekeka kwe-Chad ekuthunyelweni kweoli kunye neenkxalabo ezijikeleze ukuzimela kwezoqoqosho.
Imali yokutshintsha
Imali esemthethweni yaseChad yiCentral African CFA franc (XAF). Ngokubhekiselele kumaxabiso otshintshiselwano kwiimali ezinkulu zehlabathi, nanga amaxabiso aqikelelweyo: I-1 USD = 570 XAF 1 EUR = 655 FCF 1 GBP = 755 XAF 1 JPY = 5.2 XAF Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi xabiso lonaniso lunokwahluka kancinane ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemarike.
Iiholide ezibalulekileyo
I-Chad lilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Afrika elibhiyozela iminyhadala emininzi ebalulekileyo unyaka wonke. Le mithendeleko inika ingqiqo enkulu kwilifa lenkcubeko kunye nezithethe zabantu baseChad. Omnye wemithendeleko ebaluleke kakhulu e-Chad nguSuku lweNkululeko, olubhiyozelwa ngo-Agasti 11. Le holide yelizwe isikhumbuzo sokuzimela geqe kweChad kwiFransi, eyayifumana ngowe-1960. Ngolu suku, kulungiselelwa imisitho nemisitho eyahlukahlukeneyo kulo lonke ilizwe, kuquka imingcelele, imidlalo yomculo, imidaniso yesintu, nemiboniso yomlilo. Lixesha apho abantu baseChad badibana ukuze bahloniphe ulongamo lwabo kwaye bacinge ngenkqubela yesizwe sabo. Omnye umthendeleko ophawulekayo obhiyozelwa eChad yi-Eid al-Fitr okanye iTabaski. Njengelizwe eligcwele amaSilamsi, abantu baseChad bajoyina amaSilamsi kwihlabathi liphela ukuze bagcine ezi holide zenkolo ekupheleni kweRamadan minyaka le. Ngexesha le-Eid al-Fitr, iintsapho ziyahlanganisana ukuze zaphule ukutya kwazo kunye emva kwenyanga yokuzila ukutya. Abantu banxiba iimpahla ezintsha kwaye bandwendwela ii-mosque kwimithandazo ekhethekileyo elandelwa yimibhiyozo enezitya zesintu ezifana negusha okanye inyama yenkomo. Umnyhadala weMboro ngomnye umbhiyozo okhethekileyo kwimpuma yeChad yaseSara. Iqhutywa minyaka le ngexesha lokuvuna (phakathi kukaFebruwari noAprili), ivakalisa umbulelo ngentabalala yezityalo ngoxa ithandazela ukuchuma nempumelelo kwezolimo kwixesha elizayo. Lo mbhiyozo uquka umngcelele omibalabala kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abanxibe izigqubuthelo zobuso ezintsonkothileyo ezenziwe ngomthi okanye ngeendiza ezimela imimoya eyahlukahlukeneyo ekukholelwa ukuba ikhusela izityalo kwizitshabalalisi okanye imozulu engentle. Okokugqibela, iVeki yeNkcubeko yaMazwe ngaMazwe yaseN'Djamena itsala abahlali kunye nabakhenkethi ngokufanayo ukusuka phakathi kuJulayi rhoqo ngonyaka ukusukela oko yasungulwa ngo-1976. imidaniso ebonisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezizwe ezahlukeneyo. Le mithendeleko ebalulekileyo ibalaselisa imiba eyahlukeneyo yenkcubeko etyebileyo yaseChad ngelixa ikhuthaza umanyano phakathi kwabemi bayo abahlukeneyo. Azinikeli nje kuphela ukuzonwabisa kodwa zikwasebenza njengethuba lokufunda okungakumbi ngolu hlanga lubangel’ umdla nabantu balo.
Imeko yoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
IChad lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika. Njengelizwe elisaphuhlayo, uqoqosho lwalo luxhomekeke kakhulu kwimveliso yeoli kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe lijongene nemingeni eyahlukeneyo malunga norhwebo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, icandelo le-Chad lokuthumela ngaphandle lilawulwa yimveliso yepetroleum. I-oyile yenza uninzi lweengeniso zelizwe ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, nto leyo eyenza ukuba lixhomekeke kakhulu kobu butyebi bendalo. Awona maqabane eChad aphambili ekurhweba ngawo ioli yiTshayina, iIndiya, kunye neMelika. Ngaphandle kwe-oyile, iChad ikwathumela kwamanye amazwe ezinye izinto ezinjengomqhaphu kunye nemfuyo. Umqhaphu sisityalo esibalulekileyo semali yelizwe kwaye unegalelo kwicandelo lezolimo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kweziseko zophuhliso kunye nezibonelelo ekusetyenzweni komqhaphu ekhaya, iChad ihlala ithengisa umqhaphu ongakrwada kumazwe angabamelwane njengeCameroon okanye uwuthumele ngokuthe ngqo phesheya kolwandle. Kwicala lokungenisa elizweni, i-Chad ithembele kakhulu kwimpahla efana noomatshini, izithuthi, iimveliso zamafutha, ukutya (kuquka irayisi), amayeza, kunye namalaphu. Oku kuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kunceda ukugcina amacandelo awohlukeneyo oqoqosho kodwa kukwadala intsilelo enkulu yorhwebo. Imingeni ejongene norhwebo lwaseChad iquka ukungonelanga kweziseko zothutho ngenxa yobume bayo obuvalekile. Oku kunciphisa ukufikelela kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye konyusa iindleko zothutho lwempahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle nethunyelwe ngaphandle. Ukongeza, amashishini angaphuhliswanga ngaphakathi kwe-Chad akhokelela ekuxhomekekeni kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwempahla yabathengi. Ngaphaya koko, ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso e-oyile ehlabathi kunempembelelo kwingeniso yorhwebo yaseChad njengoko ixhomekeke kakhulu kwingeniso yale mveliso. Ukuqukumbela, imeko yezorhwebo ye-chad iphenjelelwa kakhulu kukuxhomekeka kwayo ekuthengisweni kwepetroleum kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokwahluka okunyiniweyo ukuya kwamanye amacandelo abeka umngcipheko onokubakho. Ngokuphucula iziseko zophuhliso, ukuxhasa ishishini lasekhaya, kunye nokukhuthaza amacandelo angahambelani ne-oyile njengezolimo, ilizwe lingajolisa ekuphuculeni ngokubanzi. ukuzinza korhwebo
Uphuhliso lweMakethi olunokubakho
I-Chad, ilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika, linamandla amakhulu angasetyenziswanga kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nophuhliso lwemarike. Ngaphandle kwemiceli mngeni eyahlukeneyo, efana neziseko ezingundoqo ezinyiniweyo kunye noqoqosho lwezolimo, urhulumente wase-Chad ubesoloko ekhuthaza utyalo-mali lwangaphandle kunye nokukhuthaza ukwahlukana kwezoqoqosho. Omnye wemiba ephambili enegalelo kwintengiso yentengiso yaseChad kubuninzi bayo bemithombo yendalo. Ilizwe lisikelelwe ngovimba omkhulu we-oyile, oquka uninzi lwengeniso yalo kumazwe angaphandle. Obu butyebi budala amathuba okuba iinkampani zangaphandle zibandakanyeke kuphononongo lwepetroleum, imveliso, kunye neenkonzo ezinxulumene noko. Ukongeza kwioyile, iChad inobunye ubutyebi bendalo obuxabisekileyo obufana neuranium negolide. Ukuphononongwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezi zimbiwa kunika amathuba kwiifemu zangaphandle ezifuna amathuba otyalo-mali kumacandelo emigodi. Ngaphaya koko, indawo ehlala kuyo iChad inika ithuba lokufikelela kwiimarike zengingqi ezininzi kuMbindi Afrika. Yabelana ngemida kunye namazwe amathandathu aquka iNigeria kunye neCameroon - bobabini abadlali abaphambili kurhwebo lwengingqi. Oku kufutshane kubonisa amathuba obudlelwane borhwebo oluwela imida olujolise ekukhuthazeni ukukhula koqoqosho. Nangona imeko yangoku yeziseko ezingundoqo ibangela imingeni kuphuhliso lwemarike eChad, urhulumente ebesebenzela ekuphuculeni uthungelwano lwezothutho ngokutyala imali eninzi kwiiprojekthi zolwakhiwo lweendlela. Ukuphucula uthungelwano lwezothutho akuzukwenza lula urhwebo lwasekhaya kuphela kodwa kwakhona komeleza amakhonkco orhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ngokudala iipaseji ezifanelekileyo phakathi kwamazwe avalelweyo njengeNiger okanye iSudan. Icandelo lezolimo likwabambe amathuba athembisayo otyalo-mali lwangaphandle kunye nokukhula korhwebo e-Chad. Ngemihlaba echumileyo ecaleni koMlambo iChari exhasa imisebenzi yezolimo, akhona amathuba akhoyo kumashishini ezolimo afuna ukwandiswa abe ngamacandelo okulima izityalo okanye okufuya imfuyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuvuma ukuba nangona amandla ayo amakhulu, kukho imiqobo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe phambi kokuba amathuba emarike angaphandle eChad aphunyezwe. Oku kubandakanya imiba efana nozinzo lwezopolitiko phakathi kweengxabano ezihlala zihleli phakathi kwemimandla engabamelwane okanye imiqobo yolawulo kwindawo yoshishino. Ukuqukumbela, i-chad inamagama abalulekileyo angenakuchazwa ukuba inokoyisa imiceli mngeni enje ngokusilela kweziseko zophuhliso, imiba yokungazinzi kwezopolitiko, ilizwe elikumbindi Afrika lingavela njengendawo enengeniso yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nethuba elinomtsalane kwiinkampani zangaphandle ukuba zihlole ishishini elitsha. amalingeIndlela eyahluka-hlukeneyo kuphuhliso lwemarike, ingakumbi kumacandelo afana nemigodi, ezolimo, kunye nokuhlola i-oli, inokuvulela iChad iingcango zokusebenzisa amandla ayo oqoqosho.
Iimveliso ezishushu ezithengiswayo kwimarike
Xa ukhetha iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle eChad, izinto ezininzi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Oku kubandakanya imfuno yemarike, ukufikeleleka, ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko, kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Ngokuhlalutya ezi zinto, umntu unokugqiba ukuba zeziphi iimveliso ezinethuba eliphezulu lokuphumelela kule marike. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda imfuno yemarike eChad. Ukuphanda izinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi kunye neemfuno kunokunceda ukuchonga iindawo ezinokuthi zibe kho okanye iindawo apho iimveliso ezithile zifunwa kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, xa ucinga ngemozulu yaseChad nendlela yokuphila, izinto ezifana nezixhobo ezisebenza ngamandla elanga okanye izixhobo zolimo zisenokuba yeyona nto ithandwayo. Ukufikeleleka ngomnye umba obalulekileyo omawuqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iimveliso zemarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Iimveliso ezifikelelekayo kuninzi lwabathengi ziya kuba nethuba eliphezulu lokuphumelela. Ukuphanda iintsingiselo zexabiso kunye nokuvavanya iminikelo yokukhuphisana kuya kunceda ukumisela uluhlu lwamaxabiso afanelekileyo kwizinto ezikhethiweyo. Ukufaneleka kwenkcubeko kukwabalulekile xa ukhetha iimveliso zemarike yaseChad. Ukuqonda amasiko asekuhlaleni, izithethe, kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo kuvumela amashishini ukuba alungelelanise iminikelo yawo ngokufanelekileyo. Ukutshala ixesha lokuphanda inkcubeko yaseChad kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezikhethiweyo zihambelana nabathengi kwinqanaba leemvakalelo. Okokugqibela, umgangatho wemveliso udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni impumelelo kuyo nayiphi na imarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ukubonelela ngeempahla ezikumgangatho ophezulu njengoko oku kukhuthaza ukwaneliseka kwabathengi kunye nokuthembeka ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ukuqukumbela, xa ukhetha iimveliso ezithengiswayo ezishushu kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseChad: 1) Ukuqhuba uphando olucokisekileyo malunga nemfuno yemarike. 2) Qwalasela ukufikeleleka ngokuqonda iintsingiselo zamaxabiso. 3) Dibanisa ukufaneleka kwenkcubeko ngokulungelelanisa iminikelo kumasiko asekuhlaleni. 4) Beka phambili ukubonelela ngeempahla ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ngokulandela ezi zikhokelo, amashishini anokwandisa amathuba abo okuthengisa ngempumelelo izinto ezikhethiweyo kwimarike yorhwebo lwangaphandle yaseChad.
Iimpawu zabathengi kunye ne-taboo
IChad lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika. Njengalo naliphi na ilizwe, ineempawu zayo ezizodwa zabathengi kunye ne-taboos. E-Chad, abathengi baxabisa ubudlelwane bomntu kunye noqhagamshelwano. Ukwakha ubuhlobo nabaxumi kubalulekile kushishino olunempumelelo. Kuqhelekile ukuba abathengi balindele inqanaba lokuqhelana kunye nobuhlobo ngexesha leentengiselwano, ngoko ke ukuthatha ixesha lokuseka uqhagamshelo lomntu kunokuhamba indlela ende ekufumaneni ukuthembela kwabo kunye nokunyaniseka. Ukuhlonelwa kwabadala kunye namanani anegunya kuthathwa kakhulu kwinkcubeko yaseChad. Abathengi bahlala benikela ingqalelo enkulu kwindlela abaphathwa ngayo ngababoneleli ngenkonzo okanye abathengisi. Imbeko nembeko xa usebenza nabathengi abasele bekhulile okanye abo bakwizikhundla eziphezulu zizinto ezibalulekileyo zenkonzo yabathengi. Olunye uphawu olubalulekileyo lwabathengi baseChad kukuthanda kwabo ukunxibelelana ubuso ngobuso. Bayakuxabisa ukusebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo kunokuba bathembele kuphela kwii-imeyile okanye kwiifowuni. Ukuthatha ixesha lokuba neentlanganiso zobuqu okanye utyelelo ukuze uxoxe ngemiba yeshishini kunokuphucula kakhulu ubudlelwane phakathi kwamashishini kunye nabaxumi bawo. Xa kuziwa kwi-taboos, kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule izithethe zenkcubeko kunye nokukhathazeka ngelixa usenza ishishini e-Chad. Kuphephe ukuxoxa ngezihloko ezinobuzaza ezifana nezopolitiko, inkolo, iiyantlukwano zobuhlanga, okanye nayiphi na imiba exabanisayo enokubangela ukukhubekisa okanye ukungakhululeki phakathi kwabathengi. Ngaphezu koko, ukubamba ixesha kuxatyiswa kushishino lwaseChad. Ukufika emva kwexesha ngaphandle kwesizathu esibambekayo kunokuchaphazela kakubi ubudlelwane bakho nabathengi njengoko kunokubonwa njengokungahloniphi ixesha labo. Okokugqibela, ukubonisa intlonipho yezithethe kunye nezithethe kuya kuba negalelo elihle kunxibelelwano lwakho nabathengi baseChad. Ukuqonda indlela yokuziphatha esisiseko efana nokubulisa abantu ngokufanelekileyo (usebenzisa "i-Bonjour" elandelwa ngu "Monsieur / Madame" xa udibana nomntu), ukubonisa iikhowudi ezifanelekileyo zokunxiba (impahla esemthethweni ekhuselekileyo), kunye nokwazi amasiko asekuhlaleni kuya kubonisa intlonipho yakho kwinkcubeko yendawo. Ukuqukumbela, ukuqonda iimpawu zabathengi ezisekelwe kwiinzame zokwakha ubudlelwane, ixabiso lenkcubeko elifana nentlonipho kubadala/amanani abasemagunyeni/unxibelelwano lobuso ngobuso, kunye nokujonga izinto ezingafunekiyo ezinjengokuphepha izihloko ezinobuzaza kunye nokubonisa ukugcina ixesha zezona zinto ziphambili kunxibelelwano lweshishini oluyimpumelelo. abathengi baseChad.
Inkqubo yolawulo lweCustoms
Inkqubo yoLawulo lweCustoms kunye namanqaku e-Chad I-Chad, ilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika, linenkqubo yolawulo lwempahla emiselweyo yokulawula ukuhamba kwempahla nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho nemigaqo yelizwe. Xa ungena okanye uphuma eChad, kukho iingongoma eziliqela eziphawulekayo malunga neenkqubo zezithethe ekufuneka iindwendwe zizazi. 1. Amaxwebhu: Abatyeleli kufuneka baphathe amaxwebhu okuhamba ayimfuneko afana nencwadana yokundwendwela esemthethweni eshiyekileyo ubuncinane beenyanga ezintandathu. Ukongeza, abahambi banokufuna ii-visa ezihambelana nobuzwe babo okanye injongo yokutyelela. Kucetyiswa ukuba ujonge iimfuno kwangaphambili. 2. Izinto ezithintelweyo: Izinto ezithile zithintelwe okanye zithintelwe ekungenisweni eChad ngenxa yeenkxalabo zokhuseleko okanye imimiselo kazwelonke. Imizekelo ibandakanya imipu, iziyobisi, iimveliso zomgunyathi, iimveliso zezilwanyana zasendle ezikhuselwe ngezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe (ezifana nophondo lwendlovu), nezinto zakudala ezibalulekileyo ngokwenkcubeko. 3. IMimiselo yeMali: Abahambi bamele bachaze isixa esingaphezu kwe-5 yezigidi zeefranc zeCFA (okanye ezilingana nayo) xa bengena eChad okanye bephuma kuyo. 4. Isibhengezo seMpahla: Ifom yokubhengezwa kwempahla eneenkcukacha kufuneka igcwaliswe ngelixa ungena e-Chad ukuba uphethe naziphi na izinto zexabiso ezifana ne-electronics okanye ubucwebe bokusetyenziswa kwexeshana okanye iinjongo zorhwebo. 5. Inkqubo yokuHlola nokuCoca: Ekufikeni kumazibuko okungena (kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya/kwimida yomhlaba), imithwalo yabakhweli isenokuba phantsi kokuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo ngamagosa ajongene nempahla engena kweli lizwe ngenjongo yokuthintela ukuthutyeleziswa nokunyanzelisa ukuhlawulwa kwemisebenzi ngendlela eyiyo. 6. Intlawulo yoMsebenzi: Iintlawulo zokungenisa elizweni zinyanzeliswa kwiimpahla ezithile eziziswa e-Chad ngokusekelwe kubume bazo kunye nexabiso ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yokuhlelwa kweKhowudi yeSistim eHarmonized esetyenziswe yiWorld Customs Organisation (WCO). Amaxabiso erhafu ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobungakanani bempahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. 7. Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe okwethutyana: Abatyeleli abazisa impahla okwexeshana ukuze bayisebenzisele bona ngokwabo ngexesha lokuhlala kwabo eChad banokufumana iimvume zokungeniswa kwelizwe okwethutyana xa benikezela ngamaxwebhu ayimfuneko axhasayo afana nee-invoyisi ezingqina ubunini ngaphambi kokufika eChad. I-8.Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle okuThintelweyo: Ngokufanayo, izinto ezithile azinakuthatyathwa kwimimandla yaseChad, njengezinto zenkcubeko nezembali ezibalulekileyo zesizwe. 9. IiMveliso zezoLimo: Ukuthintela ukwanda kwezinambuzane okanye izifo, abatyeleli bayacetyiswa ukuba bachaze naziphi na iimveliso zezolimo abanokuthi baziphathe xa bengena e-Chad. Ukungakwenzi oko kunokukhokelela kwizohlwayo. 10. Intsebenziswano namaGosa oRhwebo lweNgeniso: Abatyeleli bafanele basebenzisane ngokupheleleyo namagosa ajongene nempahla engena kweli kwaye balandele imiyalelo yabo ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhutshwa. Naliphi na ilinge lokunyoba okanye lokungakhathaleli imigaqo lisenokuphumela kwimiphumo esemthethweni. Kubalulekile ukuba abahambi baziqhelanise nale migaqo yolawulo lwezithethe kunye nezikhokelo ngaphambi kokuya e-Chad, okwenza kube lula ukungena okanye inkqubo yokuphuma ngelixa bethobela imithetho nemimiselo yendawo.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu
Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokungenisa elizweni yaseChad, ilizwe elikuMbindi Afrika, unokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. IChad inenkqubo yerhafu entsonkothileyo ejolise ekukhuseleni imizi-mveliso yasekhaya nokungenisa ingeniso kurhulumente. Ilizwe linyanzelisa imisebenzi ethe ngqo kunye neyentengiso yentengiso kwiimpahla ezahlukeneyo ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle. Imirhumo ethile yimali emiselweyo ehlawuliswa ngeyunithi yomlinganiselo, efana nobunzima okanye umthamo, ngelixa imisebenzi ye-ad valorem ibalwa njengepesenti yexabiso lempahla. Amazinga erhafu yokungenisa elizweni ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso eziswa elizweni. Iimveliso ezisisiseko ezifana nokutya okusisiseko, amayeza, kunye nezinto eziluncedo kwezolimo zihlala zitsala imirhumo ephantsi okanye enguziro ukuqinisekisa ukufikeleleka kwazo kunye nokufumaneka kwazo kubathengi baseChad. Kwelinye icala, izinto zobunewunewu ezifana ne-electronics high-end okanye izithuthi ngokubanzi zijongana namazinga aphezulu erhafu ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwazo kunye nokuxhasa iindlela ezizezinye zendawo. I-Chad iphinda isebenzise iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngeentlawulo zolawulo kunye neerhafu zexabiso elongezelelweyo (VAT). Le mirhumo inegalelo kwingeniso yerhafu xa iyonke ngelixa ijolise ekukhuthazeni ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo phakathi kwabavelisi basekhaya kunye nokukhusela impilo yoluntu ngemilinganiselo yokulawula umgangatho. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-Chad yinxalenye yezivumelwano ezithile zorhwebo zengingqi ezifana ne-Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) okanye iibloko zezoqoqosho zengingqi ezifana ne-CEMAC (uMbindi we-Afrika woQoqosho kunye noLuntu lwezeMali). Ezi zivumelwano zinokuchaphazela iirhafu ezivela kwamanye amazwe ngokubonelela ngempatho ekhethekileyo okanye ukuthotywa kweerhafu kumazwe angamalungu. Lilonke, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu wokungenisa elizweni wase-Chad umele iinzame zikarhulumente zokulinganisa phakathi kweenjongo zokuququzelela urhwebo kunye neemfuno zokuvelisa ingeniso ngelixa ukhusela amashishini asekhaya kukhuphiswano olungenabulungisa.
Iipolisi zerhafu ezithumela ngaphandle
IChad, ilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Afrika, iye yasebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukahlukeneyo yerhafu yokuthumela impahla kumazwe angaphandle ukuze ilawule urhwebo lwempahla yalo. Le migaqo-nkqubo ijolise ekuqinisekiseni uzinzo lwezoqoqosho nokukhuthaza amashishini asekuhlaleni. Enye yemilinganiselo yerhafu ephambili ye-Chad yokuthumela ngaphandle kukunyanzeliswa kwemirhumo yempahla ephumayo kwiimveliso ezithile. Le misebenzi isetyenziswa kwimpahla eshiya imida yelizwe kwaye iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Iimveliso ezifana ne-oyile ekrwada, eyenye yezona zinto zithunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Chad, zinokutsala imirhumo ephezulu yerhafu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimpahla. Ukongeza, iChad ikwazise iirhafu zokuthumela ngaphandle kwizinto ezithile. Umzekelo, iimveliso zezolimo ezinjengomqhaphu okanye imfuyo zisenokwafuneka kwiirhafu ezongezelelweyo xa zithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo werhafu ujolise ekukhuthazeni ukusetyenzwa kwexabiso lokongezwa kwexabiso kunye nokunqanda ukuthunyelwa kwemithombo yobutyebi ngaphandle ekrwada ngaphandle kokudalwa kwexabiso lendawo. Ngaphaya koko, iChad inyanzelisa irhafu enxulumene nezothutho kunye nolungiselelo lwempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Njengelizwe elivaliweyo elixhomekeke kakhulu kumazibuko amazwe angabamelwane ukufikelela kurhwebo, imisela imirhumo efana neentlawulo zokuhamba okanye iirhafu zendlela zokuthutha izinto ukuwela imida yazo ngeenjongo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le migaqo-nkqubo yerhafu inokwahluka kumaxesha ngamaxesha ngokwemimiselo karhulumente kunye neemeko zoqoqosho eziphucukayo. Ke ngoko, abathumeli bangaphandle kufuneka bahlale behlaziywa ngolwazi lwamva nje ngokubonisana nemithombo esemthethweni karhulumente okanye abacebisi abaqeqeshiweyo ngaphambi kokuba babandakanyeke kurhwebo olunqumla imida kunye neChad. Ukuqukumbela, i-Chad iphumeza imirhumo yempahla, irhafu ethile kwizinto zorhwebo ezifana neemveliso zezolimo, kunye neerhafu ezinxulumene nothutho kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. La manyathelo ajolise ekulawuleni urhwebo lwangaphandle ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho oluzinzileyo kweli lizwe ngelixa ekhuthaza ukongezwa kwexabiso kumacandelo abalulekileyo afana nezolimo kunye nokulungiswa kwemithombo.
Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo zokuthumela ngaphandle
IChad lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika. Ngemithombo yayo eyahlukeneyo yendalo kunye nokubanakho, iChad inezatifikethi ezininzi zokuthumela ngaphandle ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokunyaniseka kokuthunyelwa kwayo ngaphandle. Esinye sezatifiketi eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle e-Chad siSatifikethi seMvelaphi. Olu xwebhu lusebenza njengobungqina bokuba iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zivela eChad zaveliswa, zenziwa, okanye zalungiswa kwelo lizwe. ISatifikethi seMvelaphi sikwaqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zihlangabezana neendlela ezithile ezifana neemfuno zesiqulatho sendawo, ukongezwa kwexabiso, kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemimiselo esebenzayo. Ukongeza kwiSatifikethi seMvelaphi, iChad nayo inezatifikethi ezithile zokuthumela ngaphandle kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iimveliso zezolimo kufuneka zithobele imigangatho yephytosanitary esekwe yimibutho yamazwe ngamazwe efana neInternational Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). Isiqinisekiso se-IPPC siqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezifana neziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo azinazinambuzane kunye nezifo. Ngaphaya koko, ishishini le-oyile laseChad lifuna iMvume yokuThunyelelwa kwamanye amazwe kwi-oyile ekrwada okanye iimveliso zepetroleum. Le mvume iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe enxulumene nemithombo yamandla. Ngokufumana esi satifikethi, abathengisi beoli baseChad baqinisekisa ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwabo kulandelwa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kwaye kusemthethweni. I-Chad ikwabeka phambili uphuhliso oluzinzileyo ngokusebenzisa izenzo ezinoxanduva lokusingqongileyo. Ngenxa yoko, izatifikethi ezithile zokuthumela ngaphandle zijolise kwimpahla ehambelana nokusingqongileyo njengamaplanga agcinwe ngokugcinwayo okanye amalaphu alungele indalo enziwe ngezinto eziphilayo ezifana nomqhaphu okanye i-bamboo. Lilonke, ezi ziqinisekiso zothunyelo kumazwe angaphandle zahlukeneyo ziqaqambisa ukuzibophelela kwe-Chad ekuphakamiseni imigangatho ephezulu kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngelixa iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. La manyathelo anegalelo kungekuphela nje ekugcineni umgangatho wemveliso kodwa akhuthaza ukungafihli kunye nokuthembana phakathi kwabathumeli bangaphandle baseChad kunye namaqabane abo orhwebo lwehlabathi.
Ulungiselelo lolungiselelo olucetyiswayo
I-Chad lilizwe elivaliweyo kumbindi we-Afrika, nelinika imiceli mngeni eyodwa kulungiselelo nothutho. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokhetho ezikhoyo kwiinkonzo zolungiselelo ezisebenzayo nezithembekileyo ngaphakathi elizweni. Omnye wababoneleli benkqubo abacetyiswayo eChad yiDHL. Ngothungelwano lwabo olubanzi kunye namava kulo mmandla, i-DHL ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo ezibandakanya indawo yokugcina impahla, ukukhutshwa kwempahla, ukuthuthwa kwempahla, kunye nokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza. Ubuchwephesha babo behlabathi buqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhanjiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Enye inkampani yezothutho ethembekileyo esebenza eChad yiMaersk. Eyaziwa ngobuchwephesha bayo bokuthuthwa kweenqanawa kunye nezisombululo ezidityanisiweyo zokubonelela, iMaersk inikezela ngenkxaso yokuphela ukuya-ekugqibeleni kubandakanya uthutho lwaselwandle, uthutho lomoya, uthutho lwangaphakathi, ukukhutshwa kwempahla kunye nezisombululo zeshishini ezikhethekileyo ezifana nomthwalo otshabalalayo okanye ukuphatha iprojekthi. Kwiinkampani ezijonga izisombululo zasekhaya ngaphakathi kweChad ngokwayo, iSocotrans Group iyacetyiswa kakhulu. Ngeminyaka yamava okusebenza ngaphakathi komngeni welizwe kunye nokusingqongileyo okulawulayo; banikezela ngeenkonzo ezilungelelanisiweyo ezifana nothutho lwendlela (kubandakanywa nothutho olulawulwa ngamaqondo obushushu), indawo yokugcina/izibonelelo zogcino kunye nokucoca nokuthunyelwa ngaphambili ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwempahla kwi-Chad. Ukongeza kubukho bala maqumrhu ehlabathi; umntu unokwenza ukusetyenziswa kwenkonzo yeposi yendawo ebonelelwa nguLa Poste Tchadienne (iPosi yaseChadian). Nangona ijolise ikakhulu ekuhanjisweni kweposi ekhaya; bakwabonelela ngenkonzo yeposi ye-express yamazwe ngamazwe ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano neenkampani ezinkulu zekhuriya ezifana ne-EMS okanye i-TNT. Njengamaxesha onke nokuba ngowuphi na umnikezeli wolungiselelo omkhethayo kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imiba efana nolwakhiwo lwamaxabiso & nokungafihli ecaleni kokulandela umkhondo/ukulanda umkhondo njl., phambi kokuba ugqibezele naziphi na iidili. Ngaphezu koko; njengoko ubushushu obunganyamezelekiyo bubakho kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni umntu kufuneka aqinisekise ngokukodwa ukuba iimpahla ezibuthathaka zifuna ulawulo lobushushu ngexesha lokuhamba; ngakumbi ukuba ii-assortments eziqhelekileyo ziswele olu phawu ngokungagqibekanga
Imijelo yophuhliso lwabathengi

Imiboniso yorhwebo ebalulekileyo

IChad lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika. Nangona ijongene nemingeni emininzi yophuhliso, iye yaba yindawo enomtsalane kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe kwaye yenze iinzame zokuseka amajelo ophuhliso kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo. Elinye lawona majelo abalulekileyo okuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe eChad liZiko loRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (ITC). I-ITC ibisebenza ngokusondeleyo ne-Chad ukuphucula amandla ayo okuthumela impahla ngaphandle ngokubonelela ngoqeqesho, inkxaso yobugcisa, kunye nophando lwemarike. Ngenkqubo ye-ITC yoLawulo loMgangatho wokuThunyelelwa kwamanye amazwe, abavelisi baseChad bafumene ulwazi oluxabisekileyo lokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokufikelela kwiimarike zehlabathi. Ukongeza kwi-ITC, i-Chad iphinda ixhamle kwiibloko ezahlukeneyo zokurhweba zengingqi ezifana ne-Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) kunye ne-Central African Economic Monetary Community (CEMAC). Le mibutho ibe negalelo ekwandiseni urhwebo phakathi kommandla ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo afana nokuphelisa imiqobo yorhwebo, ukukhuthaza amathuba otyalo-mali, kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano yezoqoqosho phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu. I-Chad ikwabamba imiboniso zorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe eliqela yonyaka etsala abathengi abadumileyo abavela kwihlabathi liphela. Esinye isiganeko esiphawulekayo "FIA - Salon International de l'Industrie Tchadienne" (uMboniso wezoRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe weShishini laseChadian), osebenza njengeqonga lokubonisa amandla oshishino eChad. Idibanisa abavelisi balapha ekhaya, abarhwebi kumazwe angaphandle/abathumela ngaphandle, abatyali-zimali, kunye nabachaphazelekayo abaphambili kumacandelo afana nezolimo, ezemigodi, amandla, nophuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo. Omnye umboniso worhwebo obalulekileyo obanjelwe e-Chad yi-"SALITEX" (Salon de l'Industrie Textile et Habillement du Tchad), egxile ngokukodwa kwimizi-mveliso yamalaphu nempahla. Lo mnyhadala unika ithuba kubavelisi belaphu baseChad ukuba baqhagamshelane nabathengi abafuna impahla esemgangathweni kunye neemveliso zempahla. Ngaphaya koko, i"AGRIHUB Salon International l'Agriculture et de l'Elevage au Tchad" igxile kwimveliso yezolimo kunye necandelo lemfuyo apho abadlali bommandla kunye nabarhwebi behlabathi bathatha inxaxheba ekuphononongeni amathuba oshishino anxulumene nokufama nokufuya izilwanyana. Ngaphandle kwale miboniso yezorhwebo yaminyaka le, iChad ikwaxhamla ngokuthethathethana nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe efana noMbutho wezoRhwebo weHlabathi (i-WTO) kunye neBhanki yoPhuhliso lwe-Afrika (AfDB). La maziko abonelela ngenkxaso-mali, uncedo lobugcisa, kunye neengcebiso zomgaqo-nkqubo wokuphucula amandla orhwebo eChad kwaye adibanise neemarike zehlabathi. Ukuqukumbela, ngelixa ijongene nemingeni eyahlukahlukeneyo yophuhliso, i-Chad ikwazile ukuseka iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe ngokusebenzisa imibutho efana ne-ITC kunye neebhloko zokurhweba zengingqi. Ilizwe likwasindleka imiboniso yorhwebo eliqela etsala abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abafuna amathuba kumacandelo afana neshishini, amalaphu/impahla, ezolimo/imfuyo. Ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwezi ndlela kunye nokuzibandakanya nemibutho yehlabathi efana ne-WTO kunye ne-AfDB, i-Chad ijolise ekuphuculeni amandla ayo orhwebo ngakumbi.
IChad lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika. Njengoko ukufikelela kwi-intanethi kuqhubeka ukukhula e-Chad, iinjini ezininzi zokukhangela ezidumileyo ziye zafumana ukuthandwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi bayo. Ezinye zeenjini zokukhangela eziqhele ukusetyenziswa eChad ziquka: 1. Google - Ngokungathandabuzekiyo eyona njini yokukhangela idumileyo kwihlabathi jikelele, uGoogle usetyenziswa kakhulu naseChad. Ukusuka kukhangelo ngokubanzi ukuya ekufumaneni ulwazi oluthile okanye iiwebhusayithi, uGoogle unokufumaneka ku-www.google.com. 2. I-Yahoo-I-Yahoo Search yenye injini yokukhangela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo e-Chad. Kunye nokubonelela ngeziphumo zokukhangela, iYahoo ikwabonelela ngezinye iinkonzo ezifana neendaba, i-imeyile, imali, kunye nokunye. Inokufumaneka ku-www.yahoo.com. 3. I-Bing - i-Bing yinjini yokukhangela ye-Microsoft efumene ukuthandwa kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu e-Chad kukhangelo lwe-intanethi. Inika iziphumo zewebhu kunye neempawu ezongezelelweyo ezifana nolwazi lokuhamba kunye nokukhangela imifanekiso. I-Bing inokufumaneka ku-www.bing.com. 4. I-Qwant - I-Qwant yi-injini yokukhangela eyimfihlo eye yabona ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwayo phakathi kwabasebenzisi abachaphazelekayo malunga nokhuseleko lwedatha kunye nemiba yangasese kwihlabathi jikelele, kuquka abo base-Chad. Abasebenzisi banokufikelela kwiinkonzo zeQwant ku-www.qwant.com. 5 . I-DuckDuckGo- Ngokufana ne-Qwant, i-DuckDuckGo igxininisa ngamandla kubumfihlo bomsebenzisi ngokungalandeli iinkcukacha zobuqu okanye ukugcina iinkcukacha zabasebenzisi ngenjongo yokubhengeza ekujoliswe kuyo. Ifumene abalandeli abazinikeleyo kwihlabathi liphela kwaye inokufikelelwa ngabasebenzisi baseChadian ku-www.duckduckgo.com. Ezi zezinye zeenjini zophendlo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo abantu bathembele kwiinjongo ezahlukeneyo ngelixa bekhangela i-intanethi ukusuka kwimida yaseChad.

Amaphepha amakhulu atyheli

Uxolo, kodwa iChad ayilolizwe; eneneni sisizwe esivaliweyo esikuMbindi Afrika. Nangona kunjalo, kubonakala ngathi ubhekisa kwi-Chad njengegama lomntu okanye isiteketiso. Ukuba kunjalo, nceda unike umxholo owongezelelweyo okanye ucacise umbuzo wakho ukuze ndikuncede ngcono.

Amaqonga amakhulu orhwebo

IChad lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika. Isaphuhla ngokwemigaqo ye-e-commerce, kwaye ngoku, kukho amaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce asebenza kweli lizwe. Nanga amanye amaqonga e-commerce eziphambili e Chad kunye websites zabo: 1. I-Jumia (www.jumia.td): I-Jumia yenye yezona ndawo zentengiso ze-intanethi ezinkulu nezidumileyo e-Afrika. Banikezela ngeemveliso ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwizinto zombane, ifashoni, ubuhle, izixhobo zombane ukuya kwizinto zasekhaya. 2. UShoprite (www.shoprite.td): UShoprite sisixokelelwano sevenkile esaziwayo esikwasebenzisa ivenkile ekwi-intanethi eChad. Babonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweegrosari kunye nezinto zasekhaya zokuhanjiswa. 3. I-Afrimalin (www.afrimalin.com/td): I-Afrimalin liqonga le-online classifieds elivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathenge kwaye bathengise izinto ezintsha okanye ezisetyenzisiweyo ezinjengeemoto, izinto zombane, ifenitshala, nokunye. 4. I-Libreshot (www.libreshot.com/chad): I-Libreshot yi-platform yokuthenga kwi-intanethi ngokuyinhloko igxininise kwizinto zombane ezifana nee-smartphones, ii-laptops, iikhamera, izincedisi kunye nokubonelela ngenkonzo kulo lonke elase-Chad. 5. I-Chadaffaires (www.chadaffaires.com): I-Chadaffaires inikezela ngeemveliso ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwimpahla ukuya kwi-electronics ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo kubathengi base-Chad. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukufumaneka kwala maqonga kunokwahluka ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yeenguqu ngaphakathi kwe-e-commerce landscape okanye ii-dynamics zemarike zengingqi ezinxulumene neemeko ezithile zeemarike zaseChad. Nceda uqaphele ukuba olu lwazi lunokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko amaqonga amatsha evela okanye asele ekhona avela ngokusekwe kwiindlela zentengiso kunye neemfuno. Ukongeza iya kuba yeyona nto ilungileyo ukukhangela kwindawo okanye ngeenjini zokukhangela ezichanekileyo malunga newebhusayithi esebenzayo ye-ecommerce enikezela abathengi abakhoyo ngaphakathi kwe-chad.

Amaqonga amakhulu eendaba zoluntu

IChad lilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika. Njengelizwe elisaphuhlayo, izinga lokungena kwi-intanethi lisezantsi xa lithelekiswa namanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwemingeni, i-Chad inamaqonga eendaba ezentlalo adumileyo phakathi kwabemi bayo. Nazi ezimbalwa zazo kunye nee-URL zabo zewebhusayithi: 1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Facebook yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu iqonga media lwentlalo jikelele, kuquka e Chad. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze iiprofayili, banxibelelane nabahlobo kunye nosapho, babelane ngeefoto kunye neevidiyo, kwaye bajoyine amaqela ahlukeneyo anomdla. 2. I-WhatsApp (www.whatsapp.com): I-WhatsApp liqonga lokuthumela imiyalezo elivumela unxibelelwano ngemiyalezo, iifowuni zelizwi, iifowuni zevidiyo, kunye nokwabelana ngeefayile zemultimedia ezifana neefoto kunye namaxwebhu. Ifumene ukuthandwa eChad ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwayo ngokulula kunye nokufikeleleka kwayo. 3. I-Instagram (www.instagram.com): I-Instagram ibonelela abasebenzisi ngeqonga lokwabelana ngeefoto kunye neevidiyo ezimfutshane kunye nabalandeli babo okanye uluntu olubanzi. Abasebenzisi banokulandela iiakhawunti abazifumana zinomdla okanye zikhuthaza. 4. I-Twitter (www.twitter.com): I-Twitter yi-microblogging site apho abasebenzisi banokuthumela uhlaziyo olufutshane okanye ii-tweets ezinemiyalezo ebhaliweyo okanye umxholo we-multimedia ngaphakathi komda woonobumba abangama-280 kwi-tweet nganye. 5. I-YouTube (www.youtube.com): I-YouTube iyaziwa ngokubamba ingqokelela ebanzi yeevidiyo ezenziwe ngabasebenzisi kwizihloko ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kukuzonwabisa ukuya kumxholo wezemfundo. 6.TikTok(https://www.tiktok.com/zh/ ): I-TikTok ifumene ukuthandwa kwihlabathi jikelele njengeqonga lokudala kunye nokwabelana ngeevidiyo ezimfutshane eziphathwayo ezineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa ukuyila ezinje ngokuvumelanisa imilebe okanye iindlela zokudanisa. 7.LinkedIn(https://www.linkedin.com/): I-LinkedIn igxile ikakhulu kunxibelelwano lobuchwephesha apho abantu benza iiprofayili eziqaqambisa amava abo omsebenzi ngelixa benxibelelana nabalingane abavela kumashishini afanayo. Ngaphandle kwala maqonga akhankanywe ngasentla asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi ngabantu abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo kuquka iChad- kusenokubakho amaqonga athile asekuhlaleni ngokukodwa eChad kodwa anikwe ulwazi olulinganiselweyo, kulucelomngeni ukuwadwelisa ngokuchanekileyo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukufumaneka kunye nokufikelela kula maqonga kunokwahluka ngokusekelwe kuqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi kunye nezixhobo e-Chad.

Imibutho emikhulu yoshishino

I-Chad, ilizwe elivaliweyo elikuMbindi Afrika, linemibutho emininzi emikhulu yoshishino emele amacandelo ahlukeneyo. Nantsi eminye yemibutho ephambili yoshishino e-Chad kunye newebhusayithi yabo: 1. I-Federation of Chadian Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Agriculture and Mines (FCCIAM) - Lo mbutho umele amacandelo ahlukeneyo oshishino e-Chad, kuquka urhwebo, ishishini, ezolimo, kunye nemigodi. Iwebhusayithi yabo yi-fcciam.org. 2. Umbutho we-Chadian Oil Explorers (ACOE) - I-ACOE ngumbutho odibanisa iinkampani ezibandakanyekayo ekuhloliseni ioli kunye nokuveliswa kwe-Chad. Iwebhusayithi yabo ayifumaneki. 3. I-National Union of Professional Associations (UNAT) - i-UNAT yintlangano yemibutho yeengcali ezivela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobunjineli, amayeza, umthetho, imfundo njl. 4. Umbutho we-Chadian waManzi kunye noGutyulo (i-AseaTchad) - Lo mbutho ugxile ekukhuthazeni ukufikelela kumanzi acocekileyo kunye neendawo zococeko e-Chad ngokusebenzisana ne-arhente karhulumente kunye namaqabane ngamazwe ngamazwe. Ngelishwa akukho lwazi malunga newebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni efunyenweyo. 5. I-National Union of Handcrafts Professionals (UNAPMECT) - UNAPMECT ixhasa kwaye ikhuthaza amagcisa emveli ngokuququzelela imiboniso, ngokubonelela ngamathuba oqeqesho kunye noncedo lokuthengisa iimveliso zabo. Ngelishwa akukho lwazi malunga newebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni efunyenweyo. 6. Imibutho yeSizwe yeMibutho yabaVelisi bezoLimo (i-FENAPAOC) – i-FENAPAOC imele umdla wabavelisi bezolimo kuquka nemibutho yamafama kwilizwe lonke efuna ukuphucula imveliso yezolimo ngelixa ikhusela intlalo-ntle yamafama kunye nokuthethelela inkxaso karhulumente xa ifuneka; nangona kunjalo akukho dilesi yewebhu esebenzayo efunyenweyo ngeli xesha. Nceda uqaphele ukuba eminye imibutho isenokungabi nazo iiwebhusayithi ezisebenzayo okanye kusenokunqongophala ulwazi olukhoyo kwi-intanethi ngenxa yezinto ezifana noqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi olulinganiselweyo okanye ukungabikho kobukho be-intanethi kule mibutho ngaphakathi kwimeko ye-Chad.

Iiwebhusayithi zeshishini kunye norhwebo

I-Chad lilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Afrika noqoqosho olukhulayo kunye namathuba orhwebo notyalo-mali. Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zezoqoqosho kunye norhwebo ezibonelela ngolwazi malunga nokwenza ishishini eChad. Nazi ezinye zezona zibalaseleyo: 1. Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Tourism - Le website karhulumente esemthethweni inika ulwazi malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo, amathuba otyalo-mali, kunye nemimiselo e Chad. umthombo: http://commerceindustrie-tourisme.td/ 2. I-Chad Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Agriculture and Mines (CCIAM) - Iwebhusayithi yeCCIAM ijolise ekukhuthazeni imisebenzi yezoqoqosho ngokunika inkxaso kumashishini asebenza kumacandelo ahlukeneyo afana nezolimo, imigodi, ishishini. umthombo: http://www.cciamtd.org/ 3. I-Arhente yoTyalo-mali yaseChad (API) - I-API iququzelela utyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle ngokubonelela ngolwazi olubanzi ngamathuba otyalo-mali kumacandelo ahlukeneyo e-Chad. umthombo: http://www.api-tchad.com/ 4. I-Arhente yeSizwe yoPhuhliso loTyalo-mali (ANDI) - I-ANDI igxile ekutsaleni utyalo-mali kumacandelo acwangcisiweyo afana namandla, uphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo, ezolimo ngeqonga le-intanethi. umthombo: https://andi.td/ 5. I-Ofisi yeLizwe yeQela loPhuhliso lwe-Afrika (i-AfDB) - I-Ofisi yeLizwe ye-AfDB yase-Chad ibonelela ngeengxelo zezoqoqosho ezinombono kunye neenkcukacha kumacandelo angundoqo afana nezamandla, ezolimo ukuququzelela ukuthathwa kwezigqibo ezinolwazi kubatyali-mali. umthombo: https://www.afdb.org/en/countries/central-africa/chad/chad-country-office Ezi websites zinika izibonelelo ezixabisekileyo kuye nabani na onomdla ukuhlola ishishini okanye amathuba otyalo-mali e Chad. Nangona kunjalo, nceda uqaphele ukuba ezinye iiwebhusayithi zinokufumaneka kuphela isiFrentshi esilulwimi olusemthethweni lwaseChad

Iiwebhusayithi zemibuzo yedatha yorhwebo

Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zemibuzo yorhwebo lwedatha ekhoyo kwi-Chad, enikezela ngolwazi kwizibalo zabo zorhwebo kunye nezalathi ezihambelanayo. Nazi ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo: 1. Iziko loRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (ITC): Iwebhusayithi: http://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProductCountry_TS.aspx?nvpm=1%7c270%7c%7c%7cTOTAL%7cAll+Products I-platform ye-ITC inikezela ngedatha yorhwebo olubanzi, kubandakanywa amanani okungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle, amaqabane aphezulu orhwebo, iimveliso ezinkulu ezithengiswayo, kunye nezalathi zezoqoqosho ze-Chad. 2. I-World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS): Iwebhusayithi: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/CHD I-WITS linyathelo leBhanki yeHlabathi ebonelela ngofikelelo koovimba beenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo bamazwe ngamazwe abanolwazi olunxulumene norhwebo. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bahlole ukusebenza korhwebo lweChad ngemveliso okanye ilizwe leqabane. 3. Uvimba weenkcukacha we-Comtrade weZizwe eziManyeneyo: umthombo: https://comtrade.un.org/data/ IComtrade nguvimba osemthethweni weenkcukacha-manani zorhwebo lwentengiso yamazwe ngamazwe egcinwe liCandelo leNkcazo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo. Ibandakanya iinkcukacha zokungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwedatha kumazwe ehlabathi jikelele, kubandakanya i-Chad. 4. IBhanki ye-African Export-Import Portal (Afreximbank) umthombo: https://www.tradeinfoportal.org/chad/ I-portal ye-Afreximbank inikezela ngolwazi oluthe ngqo lwelizwe malunga nezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, iirhafu, amanyathelo angahlawulisi, iimfuno zokufikelela kwimarike, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezinxulumene norhwebo olufanelekileyo lwase-Chad. 5. Uluntu lwezoQoqosho nolwezeMali kuMbindi Afrika (CEMAC): umthombo: http://www.cemac.int/en/ Ngelixa ingajoliswanga kuphela kwimibuzo yedatha yorhwebo njengemithombo yangaphambili ekhankanywe ngasentla; I-website ye-CEMAC esemthethweni inikezela ngolwazi lwezoqoqosho malunga namazwe angamalungu kummandla we-Central Africa kuquka izikhombisi zemali ezinokuba luncedo ekuqondeni imisebenzi yorhwebo yaseChad ngaphakathi kulo mxholo. Ezi websites kufuneka zikunike izixhobo ezaneleyo ukuhlola imiba eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza kwezorhwebo kumazwe ngamazwe Chad kunye manani ezinxulumene. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ubukho kunye nokuchaneka kwedatha kunokwahluka kumaqonga ahlukeneyo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubhekisele kwimithombo esemthethweni karhulumente ukuba kukho imfuneko yolona lwazi luhlaziyiweyo noluchanekileyo.

amaqonga B2b

I-Chad, elilizwe elivaliweyo kuMbindi Afrika, libone ukuphuhliswa kwamaqonga ahlukeneyo eB2B aququzelela amathuba orhwebo kunye namashishini. Nanga amanye amaqonga B2B ephawulekayo e Chad kunye needilesi zabo website: 1. I-TradeKey Chad (www.tradekey.com/cm_chad): I-TradeKey yindawo yokuthengisa ye-B2B yehlabathi apho iinkampani ezisuka kumazwe ahlukeneyo zinokuqhagamshelwa, zirhwebe ngemveliso kunye neenkonzo. Ibonelela ngeqonga kumashishini aseChad ukwandisa ukufikelela kwawo kumazwe ngamazwe. 2. I-Chad Exporters Directory (www.exporters-directory.com/chad): Olu luhlu lusebenza ngokukodwa ekudweliseni abathengisi baseChad abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo afana nezolimo, imigodi, imveliso, nokunye. Amashishini asekuhlaleni angabonisa iimveliso zawo kubantu abanokuba ngabathengi kwihlabathi liphela. 3. Amaphepha oShishino e-Afrika - i-Chad (www.africa-businesspages.com/chad): I-Africa Business Pages yincwadi ye-intanethi egxile kumashishini ase-Afrika. Inika icandelo elizinikeleyo kwiinkampani ezisebenza e-Chad ukukhuthaza iimveliso okanye iinkonzo zabo kubathengi basekhaya nabamazwe ngamazwe. 4. I-Alibaba Chad (www.alibaba.com/countrysearch/TD/chad-whole-seller.html): Enye yeeplatifomu ezinkulu ze-B2B emhlabeni jikelele, i-Alibaba inikezela ngamashishini ase-Chadian ithuba lokufikelela kubathengi abavela kwihlabathi lonke. Ababoneleli banokwenza iiprofayili ezibonisa iminikelo yabo kwaye badibanise nabathengi abanomdla. 5. I-GlobalTrade.net - i-Chad (www.globaltrade.net/chad/Trade-Partners/): I-GlobalTrade.net ibonisa ulwazi malunga namaqabane orhwebo kunye nababoneleli ngeenkonzo ezithile kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi, kuquka i-Chad. Isebenza njengesixhobo esixabisekileyo sokudibanisa iinkampani zaseChad kunye namaqabane anokubakho amashishini aphesheya. 6.DoingBusinessInChad(www.doingbusinessin.ch/en-Chinese)Eli qonga libonelela ngolwazi olubanzi malunga nokwenza ishishini eChad kuquka iimfuno zomthetho/imimiselo,irhafu,amacandelo oshishino etc.Ikwavumela abasebenzisi ukuba basebenzisane ngqo neengcali ezinamava ekwenzeni ishishini ngaphakathi imarike chadian Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi webhusayithi zibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo eenkonzo kunye nokusebenza. Ngaphambi kokubandakanyeka kuzo naziphi na iintengiselwano zeshishini, kubalulekile ukwenza uphando olucokisekileyo kunye nenkuthalo efanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kunye nokuthembeka kwamaqabane anokubakho.
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