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Incamake y'igihugu
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Iterambere ryisoko
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Basabwe ibikoresho
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Ubusuwisi, buzwi ku izina rya Confederation Confederation, ni igihugu kidafite inkombe giherereye mu Burayi bwo hagati. Irahana imbibi n'Ubudage mu majyaruguru, Ubufaransa mu burengerazuba, Ubutaliyani mu majyepfo, na Otirishiya na Liechtenstein mu burasirazuba. Ubusuwisi butuwe n'abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 8.5 kandi bufite ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 41.290. Igihugu kizwi cyane kubera imisozi miremire ya alpine ifite imisozi nka Matterhorn na Eiger yiganje mu kirere cyayo. Umurwa mukuru w’Ubusuwisi ni Bern, mu gihe indi mijyi minini irimo Zurich - izwiho kuba ihuriro ry’imari n’ibidukikije bikurura umuco - Geneve - ibamo imiryango mpuzamahanga - na Basel - izwi cyane mu nganda z’imiti. Ubusuwisi bufite gahunda ya politiki idasanzwe irangwa n’imiterere ya republika ihuriweho n’ubutegetsi hagati y’ubutegetsi hagati na guverinoma nkuru. Iyi moderi iteza imbere umutekano wa politiki, gukwirakwiza umutungo mu turere, no gutandukanya indimi kuko Ubusuwisi bufite indimi enye zemewe: Ikidage, Igifaransa, Igitaliyani, na Romansh. Mu bijyanye n'ubukungu, Ubusuwisi ni kimwe mu bihugu bikize ku isi bifite imibereho myiza. Igihugu cyigaragaje nk'ikigo cy’imari ku isi gifite amabanki nka UBS cyangwa Credit Suisse igira uruhare runini mu mari mpuzamahanga. Byongeye kandi, ifite inganda zikomeye nka farumasi, imashini, nibikoresho byabigenewe.Abasuwisi bazwi cyane mu guhanga udushya, ubushakashatsi, n'ubukorikori bufite ireme bugira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’ubukungu. Byongeye kandi, S witzerland itanga ibyiza nyaburanga ndangamurage birimo inzu ndangamurage zizwi cyane ku isi nka Kunsthaus Zürich cyangwa Musée d'Art et d'Histoire i Geneve. Abenegihugu bishimira kandi kwitabira ibirori gakondo nka Fête de l'Escalade cyangwa Sechseläuten. Byongeye kandi, igihugu gitangaje cyane. Ahantu nyaburanga hatanga amahirwe menshi yo gukora hanze harimo gutembera, kurubura urubura, ubwato, nibindi byinshi. Ibyokurya gakondo byu Busuwisi, fondue, shokora, n'amasaha ni ibintu bizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga byerekanwe n'iki gihugu. Mu gusoza, S witzerland igaragara cyane kubera kutabogama kwa politiki, imibereho yo hejuru, ubukungu bukomeye, imico itandukanye, hamwe n’ahantu heza.Ibintu bituma bituma ahantu nyaburanga hasurwa na ba mukerarugendo n’ahantu heza ho gutura no gukorera.

Ubusuwisi buzwi ku izina rya Confederation Confederation, bufite imiterere yihariye y’ifaranga. Nubwo itari umunyamuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Ubusuwisi bukunze guhuzwa na gahunda y’ifaranga ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi kubera ko yegeranye n’ubufatanye mu bukungu n’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Ariko, Ubusuwisi bucunga ifaranga ryabwo bwigenga. Ifaranga ryemewe ry’Ubusuwisi ni Igifaransa (CHF). Amafaranga ahinnye yiswe "Fr." cyangwa "SFr." n'ikimenyetso cyacyo ni "₣". Ifaranga rimwe rigabanijwemo santimetero 100. Politiki y’ifaranga mu Busuwisi igengwa na Banki nkuru y’Ubusuwisi (SNB), igamije guharanira ko ibiciro bihagarara no gukomeza igipimo cy’ifaranga kiri munsi ya 2%. SNB igira uruhare mu masoko y’ivunjisha kugirango igenzure agaciro k’ifaranga n’andi mafaranga. Nyuma yigihe, Igifaransa cyu Busuwisi cyamamaye nkifaranga ryizewe kubera umutekano w’ubusuwisi n’ubukungu bukomeye. Bikunze gushimira mugihe cy’ihungabana ry’imari ku isi kubera ko abashoramari bashaka ishoramari ryizewe nk’inguzanyo z’Ubusuwisi cyangwa bagatwara amafaranga yabo mu mafranga. N’ubwo ikikijwe n’ibihugu bikoresha amayero, nk’Ubudage n’Ubufaransa, Ubusuwisi bwahisemo kutemera ifaranga risanzwe. Ahubwo, ikomeza ubusugire bwa politiki y’ifaranga binyuze mu micungire yigenga y’Ubusuwisi. Ubusuwisi kandi butanga inoti zitandukanye n'ibiceri byerekanwe mu mafranga. Inoti ziboneka mu madini ya 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 & amp; ndash; ibi byerekana abantu bazwi mubusuwisi kuruhande rumwe mugihe berekana ibimenyetso byigihugu byigihugu kuruhande rwabo. Ibiceri biraboneka mu madini ya santimetero 5 (ni gake gikoreshwa muri iki gihe), santimetero 10 (umuringa), no kwiyongera kw'amadini kugeza kuri CHF5 - ibi biranga ibishushanyo bitandukanye byerekana imico n'umurage w'u Busuwisi. Mu gusoza, Ubusuwisi bugumana gahunda y’ifaranga ryigenga hamwe n’ifaranga ry’Ubusuwisi rikoreshwa cyane mu bucuruzi mu mbibi zaryo. N'ubwo bitari mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ubukungu bukomeye bw’Ubusuwisi hamwe n’ibidukikije bya politiki bihamye byashimangiye izina ry’Ubusuwisi nk’ifaranga ryizewe.

Ifaranga ry’Ubusuwisi ni Igifaransa (CHF). Ibikurikira ni igipimo cy’ivunjisha ku mafaranga amwe n'amwe arwanya Ubusuwisi: 1 USD ≈ 0,99 CHF 1 EUR ≈ 1.07 CHF 1 GBP ≈ 1.19 CHF 1 JPY ≈ 0.0095 CHF Nyamuneka menya ko igipimo cyivunjisha gihindagurika kandi izo ndangagaciro zishobora guhinduka mugihe.

Ubusuwisi, nkigihugu cyimico itandukanye kandi itandukanye, bizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi yumwaka. Dore bimwe mubiruhuko byingenzi byigihugu byizihizwa mubusuwisi: 1. Umunsi w’igihugu cy’Ubusuwisi: Bizihijwe ku ya 1 Kanama, uyu munsi hizihizwa ishingwa ry’Ubusuwisi mu 1291. Ibirori birimo parade, fireworks, inkongi y'umuriro, n'ibirori ndangamuco mu gihugu hose. 2. Pasika: Nkigihugu cyiganjemo abakirisitu, Ubusuwisi bwizihiza Pasika hamwe n’imihango n’imigenzo y’idini nko kwitabira ibikorwa by’itorero no gutegura guhiga amagi ya pasika ku bana. 3. Noheri: Noheri yizihizwa cyane mu Busuwisi hamwe n'imitako, amasoko y'ibirori azwi ku izina rya "Weihnachtsmärkte," ibikorwa byo gutanga impano, hamwe n'iteraniro ry'umuryango. Imijyi myinshi nayo yashyizeho amatara meza ya Noheri arimbisha inyubako n'imihanda. 4. Umunsi mushya: Kimwe n’ibindi bihugu byo ku isi, ku ya 1 Mutarama wizihizwa nk’Umwaka Mushya mu Busuwisi hamwe n’ibirori, kwerekana imiriro mu gicuku cyangwa umunsi wose. 5. Umunsi w'abakozi: Ku ya 1 Gicurasi buri mwaka, abakozi bo mu Busuwisi bateranira hamwe kugira ngo bizihize umunsi mpuzamahanga w'abakozi bategura imyigaragambyo cyangwa bitabira imyigaragambyo yo guharanira ko abakozi bakora neza. 6. Berchtoldstag (Umunsi wa Mutagatifu Berchtold): Yizihizwa ku ya 2 Mutarama buri mwaka kuva mu gihe cyagati, ni umunsi w'ikiruhuko rusange wizihizwa cyane muri kantoni nkeya nka Bern aho abaturage bitabira ibikorwa by'imibereho nko gutembera mu gihe cy'itumba cyangwa kwitabira ibitaramo bya muzika gakondo. . 7.Fête de l'Escalade (Escalade): Yizihizwa ku ya 11 Ukuboza buri mwaka i Geneve; iri serukiramuco ryibutsa igitero cyatsinzwe na Charles Emmanuel wa mbere wa Savoy ku nkike z'umujyi wa Geneve mu ijoro ryakeye mu 1602 binyuze mu myitozo itandukanye irimo abantu bambaye nk'abasirikare bo muri icyo gihe. Iyi minsi mikuru izana umunezero n’ubumwe mu baturage b’Ubusuwisi mu gihe bagaragaza umurage wabo gakondo w’umuco mu turere dutandukanye tw’Ubusuwisi.

Ubusuwisi, buherereye hagati mu Burayi, bufite ubukungu bwateye imbere kandi butera imbere. Igihugu kizwiho kwibanda cyane ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Ubusuwisi ntabwo buri mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ariko bwishimira amasezerano y’ubucuruzi n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byorohereza ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi. Abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye mu Busuwisi ni Ubudage, Amerika, Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani, n'Ubwongereza. Imashini n'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki biri mubintu byoherejwe hanze bivuye mu Busuwisi, harimo amasaha n'ibikoresho bisobanutse. Izindi nzego zikomeye zirimo imiti, imiti, imyenda, na serivisi z’imari. Kuba umuyobozi wisi yose mubikorwa byo gukora amasaha, amasaha yo mubusuwisi yamenyekanye kwisi yose kubera ubukorikori bwabo bwiza. Inganda zamasaha zigira uruhare runini mubusuwisi bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Ubusuwisi buzwi kandi nk'ihuriro rikomeye ry'imari ritanga serivisi zitandukanye zo gucunga amabanki n'umutungo ku bantu no ku masosiyete ku isi. Byongeye kandi, ifite inganda zikomeye za farumasi hamwe n’amasosiyete menshi akomeye nka Novartis na Roche ifite icyicaro mu gihugu. Mugihe Ubusuwisi bufite ibicuruzwa byinshi byoherezwa mu mahanga kubera inganda zihariye zavuzwe haruguru; yishingikiriza kandi cyane kubitumizwa mu bicuruzwa bimwe nkibice byimashini cyangwa ibikoresho fatizo bikenewe mubikorwa byo gukora. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ikomeza amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu n’ibihugu byinshi kugira ngo amasoko adahagarara. Igihugu cyiyemeje gukomeza kutabogama muri politiki gifasha gushyigikira umubano w’ubukungu uhamye ku isi. Kuba Ubusuwisi buzwi cyane ku bicuruzwa bifite ireme hamwe n’ahantu heza ku masangano y’Uburayi bituma iba ahantu heza ku bucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga bashaka kwishora mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.

Ubusuwisi, igihugu kidafite inkombe mu Burayi bwo hagati, gifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Nubwo ari ntoya kandi ituwe, ifite ubukungu bwateye imbere cyane kandi buzwiho ubuziranenge kandi bwuzuye. Imwe mu mbaraga zikomeye z’Ubusuwisi ziri mu karere kayo keza cyane mu Burayi. Isangiye imipaka n'Ubudage, Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani, Otirishiya, na Liechtenstein, bituma iba irembo ryiza kuri aya masoko. Byongeye kandi, ibikorwa remezo byo ku rwego rwisi harimo na sisitemu yo gutwara abantu bituma habaho guhuza neza n’ibihugu duturanye. Ubusuwisi buzwi ku isi hose nk'imbaraga mu nganda nyinshi nka farumasi, amasaha, imashini, imari, n'imiti. Ibicuruzwa byakorewe mu Busuwisi ni kimwe n’ubuhanga bwuzuye kandi butagira inenge. Iri zina rikurura abaguzi baturutse kwisi bashaka kwizerwa no kuba indashyikirwa. Kubwibyo, Amasosiyete yo mu Busuwisi arashobora gukoresha ubwo buhanga kugira ngo yongere isoko ryayo ku masoko yo hanze. Byongeye kandi, Ubusuwisi bwungukirwa n’ibidukikije bya politiki bihamye biteza imbere politiki y’ubucuruzi igamije guteza imbere ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Iki gihugu cyasinyanye amasezerano menshi y’ubucuruzi ku buntu (FTAs) n’ibihugu bitandukanye birimo Ubushinwa n’Ubuyapani bikomeza guha amahirwe ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. Guverinoma y'Ubusuwisi kandi ishyigikira ba rwiyemezamirimo batanga ibikoresho nk'ibigo by'ubushakashatsi na sisitemu nziza y'uburezi byorohereza ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi bishingiye ku guhanga udushya. Byongeye kandi, kutabogama kwigihugu bimaze igihe kinini bigira akarusho mugihe bihagaze nkumuhuza wa diplomasi cyangwa impamvu idafite aho ibogamiye kugirango imishyikirano hagati y’ibihugu bishora mu makimbirane cyangwa amakimbirane. Ubwanyuma, Ubusuwisi bufite umutungo w’agaciro udasanzwe nk’amategeko akomeye yo kurengera umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge ateza imbere ubucuruzi bushingiye ku guhanga udushya. Urwego rw’imari ruzwi cyane ku isi kubera ihungabana ry’amabanki yo mu Busuwisi akurura abashoramari bashaka amahirwe y’ishoramari ku masoko yo hanze. Mu gusoza: Nubwo ari nto, Ahantu h’Ubusuwisi na kumenyekana kubicuruzwa byiza tanga amahirwe ahagije kumasosiyete ashaka kwagura ibikorwa byayo ku isoko ryisi. Igihugu gihamye muri politiki, ibidukikije byunganira ubucuruzi, no kurinda umutungo bwite wubwenge birusheho kunoza ubujurire bwayo. Kuva ubu, Ubusuwisi bufite amahirwe akomeye adakoreshwa mu guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.

Ubusuwisi, buherereye hagati mu Burayi, buzwiho ibicuruzwa byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru n'ubukorikori budasanzwe. Mugihe cyo guhitamo ibicuruzwa bigurishwa mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, hari ibintu byinshi byingenzi tugomba gusuzuma. Ubwa mbere, Ubusuwisi buzwiho amasaha meza n'ibikoresho byuzuye. Ibi bintu bifite icyifuzo gikomeye kumasoko yisi yose kubera izina ryabo ryiza. Gufatanya nabasuwisi bazwi cyane bakora amasaha n’abakora ibikoresho birashobora guha ubucuruzi amahirwe yo guhatanira. Icya kabiri, shokora ya shokora na foromaje nabyo birashakishwa cyane kubicuruzwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Uburyohe bukungahaye hamwe nubwiza buhebuje bituma bahitamo gukundwa mubaguzi kwisi yose. Gufatanya n’amasosiyete akomeye yo mu Busuwisi atunganya ibiryo cyangwa abakora foromaje birashobora kuba imishinga ibyara inyungu. Byongeye kandi, uruganda rukora imiti mu Busuwisi ruratera imbere kubera ubushake bwo guhanga udushya ndetse n’ibicuruzwa bihanitse. Guhitamo ibicuruzwa bijyanye n'ubuzima nka vitamine, inyongeramusaruro, cyangwa ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi mu masosiyete azwi ya farumasi azwi bishobora kuba icyemezo cyunguka. Byongeye kandi, kuramba byabaye ikintu cyingenzi ku masoko yisi. Ubusuwisi bwibanze ku bikorwa byangiza ibidukikije bigira uruhare runini mu kureshya kwabo nk’umufatanyabikorwa w’ubucuruzi. Ibicuruzwa biteza imbere kuramba nkibiribwa kama cyangwa ibisubizo byingufu zishobora kongera imbaraga muriki cyerekezo gikura. Icya nyuma ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa ni urwego rwamabanki rwu Busuwisi rukurura abashoramari b’abanyamahanga bashaka umutekano n’ibanga iyo bashora umutungo hanze. Muri rusange, guhitamo ibintu bigurishwa bishyushye mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga nu Busuwisi bigomba kwibanda ku masaha azwi n'ibikoresho bisobanutse; shokora ya premium / foromaje; imiti ijyanye n'ubuzima; ibicuruzwa birambye; kimwe na serivisi zijyanye no gutera inkunga urwego rwamabanki kubashoramari babanyamahanga. Ni ngombwa ko umuntu akora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kubatanga isoko cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa mbere yo kurangiza amasezerano yubucuruzi. Gusobanukirwa ibyifuzo byabaguzi baho no kubahiriza ibisabwa n'amategeko bijyanye n’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga / ibyoherezwa mu mahanga nabyo bizagira uruhare mu guhitamo ibicuruzwa neza ku isoko ry’irushanwa ry’Ubusuwisi.

Igihugu cy'Ubusuwisi kizwiho ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge, kubahiriza igihe, no kwita ku buryo burambuye. Abakiriya bo mu Busuwisi bashimangira cyane ku busobanuro kandi bategereje ko ibicuruzwa na serivisi bizaba biri mu rwego rwo hejuru. Abakiriya bo mu Busuwisi bakunda kubikwa neza no guha agaciro ubuzima bwabo bwite. Bashima itumanaho risobanutse kandi ryumvikana nta biganiro bikabije cyangwa ibibazo byawe bwite. Ni ngombwa kubaha umwanya wabo bwite no kwirinda guhubuka cyane cyangwa gutera. Iyo ukora ubucuruzi nabakiriya bo mubusuwisi, ni ngombwa kubahiriza igihe kuko baha agaciro gucunga igihe. Gutinda mu nama cyangwa kubitanga birashobora kubonwa ko ari agasuzuguro cyangwa umwuga. Byongeye kandi, abakiriya b’Ubusuwisi bashima igenamigambi ryizewe kandi ryizewe mubice byose byubucuruzi. Ikindi kintu kitagomba kwirengagizwa ni akamaro k'ubuziranenge. Abakiriya bo mu Busuwisi bazwiho kwitondera amakuru arambuye kandi nta kindi bitezeho kitari ibicuruzwa byo hejuru cyangwa serivisi. Ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ibyo utanga byujuje ubuziranenge bwabo mbere yo kugirana amasezerano yubucuruzi. Ubusuwisi bufite indimi enye zemewe - Ikidage, Igifaransa, Igitaliyani, na Romansh - bitewe n'akarere. Iyo ushyikirana nabakiriya baturutse mu turere dutandukanye two mu Busuwisi, ni ngombwa kumva ururimi bakunda gukoresha mu bucuruzi. Ubwanyuma, ntibyaba bikwiye kuganira kuri politiki cyangwa kunenga ibigo byigihugu mugihe ukorana nabakiriya b’Ubusuwisi. Ubusuwisi bufite gahunda ya politiki idasanzwe iha agaciro kutabogama; kuganira rero kubintu bitavugwaho rumwe birashobora guteza ibidukikije bitameze neza mugihe cyo gukorana. Mu gusoza, mugihe ukora ubucuruzi mubusuwisi ni ngombwa kwibuka: shyira imbere ubwiza kuruta ubwinshi mugihe utanga ibicuruzwa / serivisi; vugana neza utiriwe winjira cyane; gukurikiza byimazeyo kubahiriza igihe; kumenya ururimi rwatoranijwe rushingiye ku karere; irinde kuganira kuri politiki kugirango ukomeze ubuhanga mugihe cyo gukorana nabakiriya b’Ubusuwisi.

Ubusuwisi buzwiho amategeko akomeye ya gasutamo n’abinjira n’abinjira. Igihugu gifite uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga gasutamo mu rwego rwo kugenzura ukuza no kugenda kw'ibicuruzwa n'abashyitsi. Iyo binjiye mu Busuwisi, abagenzi bose, harimo n’abaturage b’Ubusuwisi, basabwa kunyura mu kugenzura pasiporo ku mupaka. Abenegihugu batari Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bagomba kwerekana pasiporo yemewe ifite nibura amezi atandatu arenze ayo bagenewe, hamwe na viza zose zikenewe. Abenegihugu ba EU bakeneye kwerekana gusa indangamuntu yemewe. Ku bijyanye n’ibicuruzwa, Ubusuwisi bushiraho amategeko atandukanye ku gutumiza ibintu bimwe na bimwe. Harimo ibiyobyabwenge, intwaro, fireworks, ibicuruzwa byiganano, nubwoko bw’inyamaswa cyangwa ibimera byangirika birinzwe na CITES (Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu binyabuzima). Ni ngombwa kumenyera izi mbogamizi mbere yo gukora ingendo kugirango wirinde ibibazo byemewe n'amategeko. Imipaka kumafaranga atishyurwa nayo akoreshwa mugihe azana ibicuruzwa mubusuwisi. Urugero: - Kugera kuri litiro 1 yinzoga zirenga 15% cyangwa litiro 2 zinzoga zitarenze 15% zishobora gutumizwa mu mahanga nta musoro. - Itabi rigera kuri 250 cyangwa garama 250 z'itabi rishobora gutumizwa mu mahanga nta musoro. - Ibiribwa bimwe na bimwe nk'inyama n'amata bifite amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye gutumiza mu mahanga. Ni ngombwa ku bagenzi basura Ubusuwisi kutarenga izo mipaka kuko hashobora gutangwa amande menshi kubera kutayubahiriza. Byongeye kandi, birakwiye ko tumenya ko Ubusuwisi bugenzura cyane uburyo bwo gutwara amafaranga yambuka imipaka. Gutwara amafaranga menshi cyangwa ibintu by'agaciro birashobora gusaba kumenyekanisha iyo winjiye cyangwa usohoka mu gihugu. Muri rusange, iyo usuye Ubusuwisi ni ngombwa kubahiriza amabwiriza yose ya gasutamo no kubahiriza amategeko yaho. Kugisha amakuru yemewe nkurubuga rwubuyobozi bwa gasutamo yu Busuwisi mbere yurugendo rwawe bizemeza ko ufite amakuru yukuri kubyo ushobora kuzana mu gihugu nta kibazo gihari ku mipaka.

Ubusuwisi buzwiho politiki nziza y’imisoro itumizwa mu mahanga, iteza imbere ubucuruzi no guteza imbere ubukungu. Iki gihugu kidafite inkombe mu Burayi bwo hagati cyashyizeho uburyo buke bw’imisoro ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga. Muri rusange, Ubusuwisi bukoresha umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA) ku bicuruzwa byinshi bitumizwa mu mahanga. Igipimo cy'umusoro ku nyongeragaciro ni 7.7%, usibye bimwe mubintu byihariye nk'ibiryo, ibitabo, n'imiti yishimira igabanuka ry'umusoro ku nyongeragaciro wa 2.5%. Nyamara, ibicuruzwa bimwe na zahabu ya zahabu bisonewe TVA burundu. Usibye TVA, Ubusuwisi bushiraho kandi gasutamo ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bitumizwa mu mahanga. Amahoro ya gasutamo yakwa ashingiye kuri code ya Harmonized Sisitemu (HS) itondekanya ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Ibiciro biratandukanye bitewe nimiterere yibicuruzwa kandi birashobora kuva kuri zeru kugeza kuri byinshi ku ijana. Twabibutsa ko Ubusuwisi bwagiranye amasezerano y’ubucuruzi n’ibihugu bitandukanye n’uturere tworohereza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Aya masezerano agamije gukuraho cyangwa kugabanya imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga ku byiciro byihariye by’ibicuruzwa biva muri ibyo bihugu cyangwa uturere. Byongeye kandi, Ubusuwisi bukomeza amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu bukungu n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU). Mu rwego rw’aya masezerano, amasosiyete yo mu Busuwisi afite amahirwe yo kugera ku masoko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi atiriwe ahura n’amahoro iyo yohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Muri rusange, politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe mu Busuwisi iteza imbere ubucuruzi bwisanzuye kandi igashyigikira umubano w’ubucuruzi mu gukomeza imisoro ugereranije no mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu. Izi gahunda zigira uruhare runini mu guhindura Ubusuwisi ahantu heza h’ishoramari n’ubucuruzi by’amahanga.

Ubusuwisi, igihugu kizwiho ubuziranenge n’ibicuruzwa byiza, gifite inganda zoherezwa mu mahanga neza. Ku bijyanye na politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga, Ubusuwisi bukurikiza uburyo bwisanzuye. Icya mbere, ni ngombwa kumenya ko Ubusuwisi butari mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU) ahubwo bukomeza amasezerano atandukanye y’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Aya masezerano yorohereje umubano mwiza w’ubucuruzi hagati y’Ubusuwisi n’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Ubusanzwe Ubusuwisi ntibushyiraho imisoro ku bicuruzwa byinshi byoherezwa mu gihugu. Ibi bivuze ko amasosiyete agurisha ibicuruzwa byakorewe mu Busuwisi mu mahanga atagomba guhangayikishwa n’imisoro y’inyongera igira ingaruka ku guhangana kwabo ku masoko mpuzamahanga. Ariko, hariho bimwe bidasanzwe kuri iri tegeko. Ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe by’ubuhinzi n’ibicuruzwa biva mu bihugu bitari Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi birashobora gutangirwa amahoro ya gasutamo iyo byoherejwe mu Busuwisi. Iyi mirimo yashyizweho mbere na mbere kurinda abahinzi n’inganda mu gihugu guhatana cyangwa gukomeza isoko rihamye. Byongeye kandi, twakagombye kumenya ko umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA) ugira uruhare runini muri politiki y’imisoro yo mu Busuwisi. Mugihe cyohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ibigo birashobora kwemererwa gusubizwa umusoro ku nyongeragaciro cyangwa TVA zeru zeru kubyoherezwa hanze. Ibi bifasha kugabanya umutwaro rusange wimisoro kubucuruzi bukora ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Kugira ngo ubucuruzi bworoherezwe kurushaho, Ubusuwisi bwashyize mu bikorwa amasezerano y’ubucuruzi atandukanye ku buntu n’ibihugu byinshi ku isi. Aya masezerano agamije gukuraho cyangwa kugabanya inzitizi z’ubucuruzi nk’amahoro na kota hagati y’ibihugu byitabiriye. Mu gusoza, Ubusuwisi bwashyizeho ibidukikije byangiza ibicuruzwa binyuze mu bicuruzwa biri hasi cyangwa bitabaho ku bicuruzwa byinshi byoherezwa mu gihugu. Nubwo hari ibitagenda neza ku bicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi n’ibicuruzwa bituruka mu bihugu by’Uburayi, politiki rusange y’imisoro igamije guteza imbere ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga hagabanywa inzitizi no gutanga uburyo bwo gusubizwa umusoro ku nyongeragaciro ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.

Ubusuwisi buzwi cyane kubera ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi bukurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga. Igihugu cyashyizeho uburyo bunoze bwo kwemeza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa n'ibihugu bitumiza mu mahanga. Ubuyobozi bukuru bushinzwe kwemeza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Busuwisi ni Ubunyamabanga bwa Leta bushinzwe Ubukungu (SECO), bukorera mu ishami ry’Ubukungu bw’Ubusuwisi, Uburezi n’Ubushakashatsi. SECO ikorana cyane nimiryango itandukanye yabigize umwuga ninzego zishinzwe kugenzura kubahiriza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Kugirango ubone icyemezo cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, amasosiyete yo mubusuwisi agomba kubahiriza ibipimo byihariye bijyanye nubwiza bwibicuruzwa, umutekano, hamwe na label. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bigenwa n’amabwiriza y’Ubusuwisi n’ibipimo mpuzamahanga byashyizweho n’imiryango nka ISO (International Organization for Standardization) cyangwa IEC (Komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’amashanyarazi). Abatumiza ibicuruzwa hanze nabo bagomba kuba bujuje ibyangombwa bitandukanye mugihe basabye icyemezo. Ibi birimo gutanga amakuru arambuye kubyerekeye ibicuruzwa, harimo ibisobanuro bya tekiniki, uburyo bwo gukora, ibikoresho byakoreshejwe, hamwe n’ingaruka zose zishobora kuba zijyanye nayo. Byongeye kandi, Ubusuwisi buzwiho kwiyemeza kuramba no kurengera ibidukikije. Kubwibyo, bamwe mubohereza ibicuruzwa hanze bashobora gukenera gutanga ibyemezo byinyongera byerekana ko ibicuruzwa byabo byubahiriza amabwiriza y’ibidukikije cyangwa byakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo burambye. Inyandiko zose zikenewe zimaze gutangwa no gusuzumwa ninzego zibishinzwe, icyemezo cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kizatangwa niba ibisabwa byose byujujwe. Iki cyemezo ni gihamya yerekana ko ibicuruzwa byoherejwe hanze byagenzuwe neza kandi byemejwe hashingiwe ku bipimo bimwe na bimwe by’ubuziranenge. Mu gusoza, Ubusuwisi bukomeye bwo kwemeza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga mu gihe biteza imbere gukorera mu mucyo no gukorera mu mucyo mu bucuruzi. Uku kwiyemeza ubuziranenge bituma abasuwisi bohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga gukomeza umubano ukomeye n’abafatanyabikorwa babo ku isi mu gihe abakiriya bishimira isi yose.

Ubusuwisi, buzwiho uburyo bunoze kandi bwizewe bwo gutwara abantu, ni igihugu cyiza cya serivisi z’ibikoresho. Igihugu kiri hagati mu Burayi kigira ihuriro ry’ubucuruzi n’ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga. Umuyoboro wo gutwara abantu mu Busuwisi ugizwe n'imihanda minini ibungabunzwe neza, gari ya moshi, ibibuga by'indege, n'inzira z'amazi. Ibikorwa remezo byumuhanda ni byinshi, hamwe nubucucike bwinshi bwimihanda ihuza imijyi nakarere. Uyu muyoboro wuzuye wumuhanda utuma ibicuruzwa byihuta kandi byoroshye mugihugu hose. Sisitemu ya gari ya moshi mu Busuwisi irazwi ku isi yose kubera imikorere yayo. Umuhanda wa gari ya moshi w’Ubusuwisi (SBB) ukora umuyoboro mugari mu gihugu hose, uhuza imijyi minini ndetse n’imbere mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga. Serivise zitwara ibicuruzwa bya gari ya moshi zizewe cyane kandi zitanga ibisubizo bihendutse byo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu Busuwisi. Usibye imihanda na gari ya moshi, Ubusuwisi bufite n'ibibuga by'indege byinshi bifite ibikoresho byinshi bitwara imizigo myinshi yo mu kirere. Ikibuga cy'indege cya Zurich nicyo kibuga kinini mu Busuwisi kandi kikaba ihuriro ry’imizigo i Burayi. Itanga ikirere gihuza ahantu hatandukanye ku isi, bigatuma ihitamo neza igihe-cyoherejwe nigihe kirekire. Byongeye kandi, Ubusuwisi bufite umuyoboro mugari w’amazi ashobora kugenda yoroherezwa mu bwato bwo mu gihugu imbere. Umugezi wa Rhine ugira uruhare runini mu gutwara ibicuruzwa mu bihugu duturanye nk'Ubudage, Ubufaransa, Ubuholandi n'ibindi. Mu rwego rwo kurushaho kunoza ibikorwa bya logistique, Ubusuwisi bwashora imari cyane muri sisitemu y’ikoranabuhanga igezweho nk'ibikoresho bikurikirana-bitanga amakuru nyayo ku bijyanye no kugenda kw'ibicuruzwa mu isoko. Ibi byemeza gukorera mu mucyo no kunoza imikorere mubikorwa bya logistique. Guverinoma y’Ubusuwisi iteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubwikorezi burambye nko gutwara ibicuruzwa bya gari ya moshi kugira ngo bigabanye ibyuka bihumanya bijyana n’ibikorwa by’ibikoresho. Kubwibyo ibikorwa bitangiza ibidukikije nka transport ya gari ya moshi bigirira akamaro ubucuruzi bushaka guhuza ibikorwa byogutanga amasoko hamwe nuburinganire burambye ku isi. Ahantu h’Ubusuwisi hateganijwe hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo by’ubwikorezi bihujwe neza bituma ihitamo neza iyo urebye serivisi z’ibikoresho mu Burayi.

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Ubusuwisi buzwiho kuba bukomeye ku isoko mpuzamahanga nk'ihuriro ry'inganda zitandukanye. Igihugu gifite imbaraga zo kugura kandi cyakira abaguzi mpuzamahanga bakomeye, imiyoboro yiterambere, n’imurikagurisha. Imwe mu nzira mpuzamahanga zingenzi zitanga amasoko mu Busuwisi ni Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’ubucuruzi (WTO). WTO isobanura amategeko agenga ubucuruzi ku isi hagati y’ibihugu, kandi Ubusuwisi bugira uruhare runini nk’ibihugu bigize uyu muryango. Binyuze mu kwitabira WTO, Ubusuwisi bufite umuyoboro mugari w’ibihugu bigize uyu muryango bishobora kuba abaguzi cyangwa abatanga isoko. Indi nzira ikomeye yo gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga ni ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi (EFTA). EFTA igizwe n'ibihugu bine bigize uyu muryango, harimo n'Ubusuwisi. Yorohereza ubucuruzi bwisanzuye mubanyamuryango bayo kandi itanga amasoko muburayi. Abaguzi mpuzamahanga barashobora gukoresha iyi platform kugirango bashireho amasosiyete yo mubusuwisi hagamijwe gutanga amasoko. Ubusuwisi kandi bwakira imurikagurisha ryinshi rikurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga mu nganda zitandukanye. Kimwe mu birori nk'ibi ni Baselworld, yerekana amasaha meza n'imitako. Iri murika rizwi cyane ritanga amahirwe kubakora amasaha, abanyabutare, nubucuruzi bujyanye nabyo kugirango berekane ibicuruzwa byabo kubantu bose ku isi bashobora kugura. Usibye Baselworld, Geneve International Motor Show niyindi murikagurisha izwi iba buri mwaka mubusuwisi. Ihuza abakora ibinyabiziga bayobora baturutse hirya no hino kwisi bakoresha iyi platform kugirango bamenyekanishe imiterere mishya kandi bahuze nabakiriya cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa. Byongeye kandi, Zurich yakiriye ibirori nka Zurich Game Show yibanda ku nganda z’imikino n’ikoranabuhanga zikurura imurikagurisha ryerekana ibicuruzwa byabo bigezweho kandi bitanga amahirwe yo guteza imbere ubucuruzi binyuze mu bufatanye n’abashaka kugura mpuzamahanga bazitabira iki gitaramo. Usibye iri murika ryihariye ryibanda ku nganda zimwe na zimwe, hari n’imurikagurisha rusange ry’ubucuruzi ryabereye mu Busuwisi buteza imbere imikoranire y’akarere cyangwa iy’isi yose hagati y’abatanga ibicuruzwa n’abaguzi mu nzego nyinshi nk’imurikagurisha rya ITB ryerekana ibicuruzwa na serivisi bijyanye n’ingendo cyangwa imurikagurisha rya Plastike mu Busuwisi ryibanda ku bakora umwuga wo gukora inganda za plastiki. . Byongeye kandi, amashyirahamwe nka Swisstech Association cyangwa Busuwisi Global Enterprises ategura inama / amahugurwa menshi mumwaka wose agamije kuzamura amahirwe yo guhuza imiyoboro hagati yabaguzi mpuzamahanga namasosiyete yo mubusuwisi. Kuba Ubusuwisi buzwi cyane kubera ubuziranenge, busobanutse, guhanga udushya, no kwiringirwa bituma bugera ku baguzi mpuzamahanga. Ibikorwa remezo by’igihugu bimaze kumenyekana, umutekano wa politiki, hamwe n’abakozi bafite ubumenyi bigira uruhare mu kuba umufatanyabikorwa wizewe mu bucuruzi bw’isi. Haba binyuze mu kwitabira amashyirahamwe yisi yose nka WTO cyangwa EFTA cyangwa mukwitabira imurikagurisha rikomeye nka Baselworld cyangwa Geneve International Motor Show, Ubusuwisi butanga inzira nyinshi zo gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga ashobora kuganisha ku bucuruzi bwiza.

Imashini zishakisha

Mu Busuwisi, zimwe mu moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa ni: 1. Google - moteri ishakisha izwi cyane kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubusuwisi ni Google. Itanga ibisubizo byuzuye byubushakashatsi hamwe na serivisi zitandukanye nka Google Ikarita, Gmail, Google Drive, nibindi Urubuga: www.google.ch 2. Bing - Indi moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane mubusuwisi ni Bing. Itanga ibisubizo byishakisha kurubuga hamwe nibintu bitandukanye nko gushakisha amashusho no gushakisha amashusho, gukusanya amakuru, hamwe no guhuza amakarita. Urubuga: www.bing.com 3. Yahoo - Nubwo itakunzwe nka Google cyangwa Bing mu Busuwisi, Yahoo iracyakora nka moteri ishakisha kubakoresha benshi. Itanga ibisubizo byurubuga hamwe namakuru yamakuru, serivisi za imeri (Yahoo Mail), nibindi byinshi. Urubuga: www.yahoo.com 4. DuckDuckGo - moteri ishakisha yibanga yibanga ryamamaye kwisi yose nayo ifite ubusuwisi. DuckDuckGo ishyira imbere ubuzima bwite bwabakoresha idakurikirana ibyo bashakisha cyangwa kwerekana iyamamaza ryihariye mugihe utanga ibisubizo byurubuga bitazwi. 5. Ecosia - Ecosia ni ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije kuri moteri ishakisha kuva aho ikoresha amafaranga yinjiza mu gutera ibiti kwisi yose binyuze mubufatanye nimiryango itandukanye yo gutera ibiti. 6. Igisuwisi - moteri y’ishakisha ishingiye ku Busuwisi idakusanya amakuru yihariye ku bayakoresha mu gihe itanga imbuga za interineti. Izi ni ingero nkeya za moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa mubusuwisi; icyakora, ni ngombwa kumenya ko abantu benshi bagikoresha amahitamo mpuzamahanga nka Google cyangwa Bing kubera imikorere yabo nini kandi igera kuri interineti.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Mu Busuwisi, impapuro nyamukuru z'umuhondo ububiko ni: 1. Local.ch - Ubu ni bwo buyobozi bwa mbere ku rubuga rwa interineti mu Busuwisi butanga amakuru ku bucuruzi n'abantu ku giti cyabo mu gihugu hose. Itanga kandi amakarita, aderesi, nimero za terefone, hamwe nisuzuma ryabakiriya. (Urubuga: www.local.ch) 2. Ubuyobozi bw'Ubusuwisi - Ubuyobozi bw'Ubusuwisi ni igitabo cyo kuri interineti cyagenewe cyane cyane ba mukerarugendo basura Ubusuwisi. Itanga amakuru kuri hoteri, resitora, amaduka, ibyiza nyaburanga, n'ibirori mu turere dutandukanye two mu Busuwisi. (Urubuga: www.swissguide.ch) 3. Yellowmap - Yellowmap nubuyobozi bwubucuruzi kumurongo bukubiyemo imijyi minini yose yo mubusuwisi. Iyemerera abakoresha gushakisha ubucuruzi bwaho ukurikije ibyiciro cyangwa ahantu kandi bigatanga ibisobanuro birambuye nka aderesi na nimero za terefone. (Urubuga: www.yellowmap.ch) 4. Compages - Compages nigitabo cyuzuye cya terefone kubusuwisi gikubiyemo gutura hamwe nu rutonde rwubucuruzi mu turere dutandukanye twigihugu. (Urubuga: www.compages.ch) Ububiko butanga amakuru menshi yerekeye ubucuruzi na serivisi biboneka mu bice bitandukanye by’Ubusuwisi. Waba ushaka resitora i Zurich cyangwa hoteri i Geneve, izi mbuga zirashobora kugufasha kubona ibyo ukeneye. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko imijyi cyangwa uturere tumwe na tumwe two mu Busuwisi bishobora kugira ububiko bwihariye bwurupapuro rwumuhondo rwita kubucuruzi bwihariye.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Hano mu Busuwisi hari urubuga runini rwa e-ubucuruzi, rwita ku byifuzo bitandukanye by’abaturage. Hasi nurutonde rwa bamwe bakomeye hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Digitec Galaxus: Nk’Ubusuwisi bugurisha cyane ku rubuga rwa interineti, butanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, mudasobwa, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, ibikoresho by'imyambarire, n'ibindi. Urubuga: www.digitec.ch / www.galaxus.ch 2. Zalando: Inzobere mu bijyanye nimyambarire nubuzima bwabagore, abagabo, nabana, Zalando atanga amahitamo menshi yimyenda, inkweto, ibikoresho biva mubirango bitandukanye. Urubuga: www.zalando.ch 3. LeShop. Urubuga: www.coopathome.ch 4. microspot.ch: Microspot itanga ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bitandukanye byabaguzi nka terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, TV hamwe nibikoresho byo murugo nibindi bikoresho byikoranabuhanga kubiciro byapiganwa. Urubuga: www.microspot.ch 5 (Bikore + Ubusitani bwa Migros), ububiko bworoshye (Migrolino), ibikoresho / ibikoresho byo murugo (Ububiko Micasa). Imbuga ziratandukanye ariko urashobora kuzisanga kurubuga rwemewe rwa Groupe ya Migros. 6. Brack Electronics AG (pcdigatih) ni ukuvuga, BRACK. Urubuga: https://www.brack.ch/ 7.Toppreise-ch.TOPPREISE-CH igereranya ibiciro kurubuga rutandukanye rwemerera abakiriya kubona ibicuruzwa byiza kuri electronics, ibikoresho byo murugo, nibindi bicuruzwa. Mugutanga amakuru kurutonde rwibicuruzwa, bifasha abakoresha gufata ibyemezo byuzuye. Urubuga: www.toppreise.ch 8. Siroop: Iri soko ritanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho by'imyambarire, urugo n'ibicuruzwa bizima. Usibye ibirango bitandukanye urubuga rwibanda kandi kumaduka yo mu Busuwisi yo guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwo mu gihugu. Urubuga: www.siroop.ch Izi ni zimwe mu mbuga zikomeye za e-ubucuruzi mu Busuwisi zita ku byo abaguzi bakeneye kandi bakunda.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Ubusuwisi bufite imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane mu baturage bayo. Dore urutonde rwa zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane mu Busuwisi hamwe n’urubuga rwabo: 1. Facebook: https://www.facebook.com Facebook ni urubuga rukoreshwa cyane mu mbuga nkoranyambaga mu Busuwisi, rwemerera abantu guhuza inshuti n'umuryango, gusangira inyandiko, amafoto, na videwo. 2. Instagram: https://www.instagram.com Instagram ni ifoto nogusangiza amashusho bikundwa cyane mubakoresha Ubusuwisi kugirango basangire ibintu bigaragara. 3. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com LinkedIn ni urubuga rwumwuga aho abantu bashobora guhuza nabakozi, kubaka umubano wumwuga, no gushakisha amahirwe yakazi. 4. Xing: https://www.xing.com Xing nubundi buryo bwo guhuza imiyoboro yabigize umwuga izwi cyane mu Busuwisi, cyane cyane mu banyamwuga bavuga Ikidage. 5. Twitter: https://twitter.com Twitter yemerera abakoresha gusangira ubutumwa bugufi cyangwa "tweet" zishobora kubamo inyandiko, amafoto, cyangwa videwo abakoresha Ubusuwisi bakoresha mu itumanaho no gukomeza kuvugururwa ku ngingo zigezweho. 6. Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com Snapchat itanga ubutumwa bwamafoto ako kanya hamwe na multimediya yo kugabana ibintu byishimirwa nabakoresha abasore bo mubusuwisi kugirango bavugane byihuse. 7. TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/en/ TikTok yabonye iterambere rikomeye mu Busuwisi vuba aha mu mibare y’abaturage bato kuko ifasha abayikoresha gukora amashusho magufi yashyizwe ku muziki cyangwa amashusho y’amajwi. 8. Gukurikira: https://www.inyungu.ch/ Pinterest ikora nk'urubuga rushingiye ku guhumeka aho abakoresha Ubusuwisi bavumbura ibitekerezo ku nyungu zitandukanye nko guteka, gahunda yo gutaka mu rugo n'ibindi, binyuze mubintu bigaragara bizwi nka pin. 9.Ikigo cya Mediya (Schweizer Medienzentrum): http://medienportal.ch/ Ikigo cyitangazamakuru gitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gutangaza amakuru yaturutse mumasosiyete nimiryango yo mubusuwisi hamwe namashusho yibintu bitandukanye bibera mugihugu. Izi ni zimwe mungero zimbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane mu Busuwisi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko gukundwa gushobora gutandukana mubyiciro bitandukanye n'uturere mugihugu.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Ubusuwisi bufite umuco w’amashyirahamwe akomeye kandi butuwe n’amashyirahamwe akomeye y’inganda. Aya mashyirahamwe afite uruhare runini mu guhagararira inyungu z’inzego zinyuranye, guteza imbere ubufatanye, gushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho, no kuzamura ubukungu. Hano hari amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda mubusuwisi hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Swissmem - Ishyirahamwe ryinganda MEM (Imashini, amashanyarazi nicyuma) Urubuga: https://www.swissmem.ch/ 2.UbusuwisiHoldings - Ihuriro ry’ubucuruzi mu Busuwisi Urubuga: https://www.swissholdings.com/ 3. Amabanki yo mu Busuwisi - Ishyirahamwe ry’amabanki yo mu Busuwisi Urubuga: https://www.swissbanking.org/ 4. economiesuisse - Ihuriro ryubucuruzi bwu Busuwisi Urubuga: https://www.economiesuisse.ch/en 5. Swico - Ishyirahamwe ry'ikoranabuhanga n'itumanaho Urubuga: https://www.swico.ch/urugo-en 6. PharmaSuisse - Sosiyete ikora imiti yo mu Busuwisi Urubuga: https://www.pharmasuisse.org/en/ 7. SVIT Schweiz - Ishyirahamwe ryimitungo yubusuwisi Urubuga: http://svit-schweiz.ch/icyongereza.html 8. Swissoil - Ihuriro ryabacuruzi mubicuruzwa bya peteroli Urubuga (Ikidage): http://swissoil.ch/startseite.html 9. Itsinda rya Swatch - Ishirahamwe rihagarariye abakora amasaha Urubuga rwibirango byihariye mumatsinda: Urubuga rwa Omega: http://omega-isaha.com/ Urubuga rwa Tissot: http: /isaha yerekana.com/ Urubuga rurerure: http: /ururimi rwisaha.com/ 10.Schweizerischer Gewerbeverband / Federatio des Artisans et Abacuruzi Suisses - Umuryango Umbrella uhagarariye ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse (Ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse) Izi ni ingero nkeya z'amashyirahamwe menshi yinganda agira uruhare runini mubukungu bwu Busuwisi. Nyamuneka menya ko amashyirahamwe amwe ashobora kugira urubuga ruboneka gusa mu kidage cyangwa Igifaransa.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Ubusuwisi buzwiho kuba butajegajega bw’amafaranga n’ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge, bufite ubukungu bukomeye n’inganda zitera imbere. Dore zimwe mu mbuga zingenzi z’ubukungu n’ubucuruzi mu Busuwisi: 1. Ibiro by’Ubusuwisi bishinzwe ibibazo by’ubukungu (SECO) Urubuga: https://www.seco.admin.ch/seco/en/urugo.html SECO ishinzwe guteza imbere ibihe byiza by’iterambere ry’Ubusuwisi. Urubuga rwabo rutanga amakuru yuzuye kubintu bitandukanye byubukungu bwu Busuwisi, harimo amahirwe yubucuruzi, ikirere cy’ishoramari, raporo z’ubushakashatsi ku isoko, imibare y’ubucuruzi, ndetse n’amabwiriza n’amategeko. 2. Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi mu Busuwisi (SwissCham) Urubuga: https://www.swisscham.org/ SwissCham nishyirahamwe rikuru ryubucuruzi rihagarariye ibigo byu Busuwisi bikorera ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rwabo rutanga igitabo kinini cyibigo byabanyamuryango byashyizwe mubikorwa ninganda na serivisi zitangwa. Byongeye kandi, itanga amakuru mashya kubyerekeranye nubucuruzi bwisi yose bijyanye nu Busuwisi. 3. Ubusuwisi ku isi hose Urubuga: https://www.s-ge.com/ Ubusuwisi Global Enterprises (S-GE) ishyigikira imishinga mito n'iciriritse (SMEs) mu kwagura ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rwabo rutanga ibikoresho byingenzi nkuyobora ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, isesengura ry’isoko, amakuru ajyanye n’imurikagurisha ry’ubucuruzi rizaba ndetse n’ibirori haba mu Busuwisi ndetse no ku isi yose. 4. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Zurich Urubuga: https://zurich.chamber.swiss/ Urugereko rw’ubucuruzi rwa Zurich ruteza imbere iterambere ry’ubukungu muri canton ya Zurich mu guhuza ubucuruzi mu gihugu ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rugaragaza amakuru yubukungu bwakarere mukarere hamwe namakuru ajyanye n’inganda zo mu karere zita ku mahirwe y’ubufatanye. 5. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Geneve Urubuga: https://genreve.ch/?lang=en Urugereko rw’ubucuruzi rwa Geneve rufite uruhare runini mu gutera inkunga ubucuruzi bw’ibanze binyuze mu bikorwa bitandukanye bigamije kuzamura ubushobozi bw’akarere mu rwego mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rwerekana inzego zingenzi zitera ubukungu bwi Geneve hamwe na kalendari yibyabaye biteza imbere imiyoboro hagati yamasosiyete. 6.Swiss Business Hub Ubushinwa Urubuga: https: // www. Ubusuwisi Business Hub Ubushinwa bukora nk'ikiraro hagati yamasosiyete yo mu Busuwisi na bagenzi babo b'Abashinwa. Uru rubuga rufasha ibigo byu Busuwisi gushinga cyangwa kwagura ibikorwa byabo mubushinwa mugihe bitanga amakuru yingenzi, inama, ubwenge bwisoko, hamwe nubushishozi bwibanze mubucuruzi mubushinwa. Izi mbuga zitanga amakuru yingenzi ajyanye nubucuruzi, kugera kububiko bwubucuruzi, amakuru yisoko, nibindi bikoresho bikenewe kugirango ubukungu bwiyongere ndetse nubucuruzi bwubusuwisi.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hano hari amakuru menshi yubucuruzi abaza imbuga za Busuwisi. Dore bike muribi hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo mu Busuwisi (Eidgenössische Zollverwaltung) Urubuga: www.ezv.admin.ch 2. Ikigo cy’Ubusuwisi gishinzwe guhangana (cyahoze ari KOF Institute of Economic Institute) Urubuga: www.sccer.unisg.ch/en 3. Ububiko bw'isi bukomatanyije bukemura ibibazo (WITS) na Banki y'Isi Urubuga: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/CHL/Year/LTST/TradeFlow/EXPIMP/Product/ 4. Ikigo mpuzamahanga cy'ubucuruzi (ITC) - Ikarita yo Kwinjira ku Isoko Urubuga: https://www.macmap.org/ 5. Inama y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ubucuruzi n’iterambere (UNCTAD) Urubuga: http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ Izi mbuga zitanga amakuru yuzuye ku mibare y’ubucuruzi bw’Ubusuwisi, harimo ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ibitumizwa mu mahanga, igabanuka ry’ibicuruzwa, ibihugu by’abafatanyabikorwa, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byacurujwe, n’ibindi. Nyamuneka menya ko kuboneka no kumenya neza amakuru bishobora gutandukana mubisoko bitandukanye. Nibyiza kohereza kurubuga rwa leta cyangwa imiryango mpuzamahanga yemewe kumakuru yubucuruzi yizewe.

B2b

Ubusuwisi buzwiho gutera imbere cyane no gutera imbere B2B. Hano hari amwe mumahuriro akomeye ya B2B mubusuwisi hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Kompass Ubusuwisi (https://ch.kompass.com/): Kompass itanga ububiko bwuzuye bwubucuruzi bwu Busuwisi mu nganda zitandukanye, byorohereza ibigo B2B guhuza no gukora ubucuruzi. 2. Alibaba Ubusuwisi (https://www.alibaba.com/countrysearch/CH/switzerland.html): Alibaba itanga urubuga rw’ubucuruzi ku isi ruhuza abaguzi n’abatanga isoko ku isi, harimo n’ubucuruzi bwinshi bw’Ubusuwisi. 3. Europage Ubusuwisi (https://www.europages.co.uk/companies/Ubusuwisi.html): Europage ni urubuga B2B ruzwi cyane rutuma abakoresha babona abatanga ibicuruzwa, ababikora, n'ababitanga mu Busuwisi. 4. TradeKey Ubusuwisi (https://swiss.tradekey.com/): TradeKey ifasha ubucuruzi guhuza abaguzi n’abagurisha ku isoko ry’Ubusuwisi, bitanga amahirwe ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga. 5 6. Ubuyobozi bwubucuruzi - Ubusuwisi (https://bizpages.org/countries--CH--Switzerland#toplistings): Bizpages.org itanga igitabo kinini cyamasosiyete yo mubusuwisi yatondekanye nicyiciro cyinganda, yorohereza B2B neza. 7. Tomasi. = & searchname = null & sflag = E & sort_para = subclassification & sfield = subclassification "): Thomasnet atanga ububiko bwuzuye bwabashoramari bo mubusuwisi bagenzuwe bashyizwe mubice byinganda. Izi porogaramu za B2B zitanga amahirwe menshi yubucuruzi bwo guhuza, gucuruza, no gukorana neza mubikorwa bitandukanye mubusuwisi. Birasabwa gushakisha kuriyi mbuga no gusuzuma ibikwiranye na B2B yihariye ukeneye.