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Amasoko Nkuru
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Incamake y'igihugu
Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Igihugu cya Brunei, Inzu y'amahoro, ni igihugu gito cyigenga ku kirwa cya Borneo. Iherereye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya kandi ihana imbibi na Maleziya, ifite ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 5.770. Nubwo ari nto, Brunei ifite umurage gakondo n'umuco mwiza. Hatuwe n’abaturage bagera ku 450.000, Abanyarune bafite imibereho yo hejuru kubera ko igihugu gifite peteroli na gaze nyinshi. Mubyukuri, Brunei ifite imwe muri GDP iri hejuru ya buri muntu muri Aziya. Umurwa mukuru ni Bandar Seri Begawan ikora nk'ihuriro rya politiki n'ubukungu. Brunei yemera idini ya Isilamu nk'idini ryayo kandi ikagaragaza gahunda ya cyami ya kisilamu iyobowe na Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah uri ku butegetsi kuva mu 1967. Sultan afite uruhare runini atari muri politiki gusa ahubwo no mu guteza imbere imigenzo ya kisilamu muri sosiyete. Ubukungu bushingiye cyane cyane kuri peteroli na gaze byoherezwa mu mahanga bingana na 90% byinjira muri leta. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Brunei ifite umubare muto w'ubukene hamwe na serivisi z'ubuvuzi ku buntu ndetse n'uburere abaturage bahabwa. Igihugu cyateye intambwe iganisha ku gutandukanya ubukungu bwacyo hibandwa ku nzego nk’ubukerarugendo n’imari. Abakunda ibidukikije bazabona byinshi byo gukora ubushakashatsi muri Brunei kuko irimo amashyamba yimvura yuzuye amoko y’ibimera n’ibinyabuzima bidasanzwe birimo inkende za proboscis na mahembe. Parike ya Ulu Temburong izwi cyane kubera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu gihe Tasek Merimbun ikora kimwe mu biyaga binini bya Aziya y'Amajyepfo. Mu mico, Abanyaruneya barinze imigenzo yabo binyuze mu mbyino gakondo nka Adai-adai zakozwe mu minsi mikuru cyangwa imihango. Malayika ivugwa cyane hamwe nicyongereza cyunvikana na benshi kubera isano yamateka nu Bwongereza. Mu gusoza, nubwo ari nto mu bunini, Brunei iha abashyitsi uburambe butangaje binyuze mu bukungu bwateye imbere bwubakiye ku mutungo wa peteroli mu gihe gikomeza imigenzo y’umuco no kubungabunga ibyiza nyaburanga.
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Igihugu cya Brunei, Inzu y'amahoro, ni igihugu cyigenga giherereye ku kirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Naho uko ifaranga ryifashe, Brunei ikoresha amadorari ya Brunei nk'ifaranga ryayo. Amadolari ya Brunei (BND) ahinnye yiswe "$" cyangwa "B $", kandi agabanijwemo 100. Ifaranga ryatangijwe mu 1967 kugirango risimbuze amadorari ya Malaya nu Bwongereza Borneo ku gipimo. Banki nkuru ishinzwe gutanga no gucunga amafaranga muri Brunei ni Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam (AMBD). Iyemezwa ry’ifaranga rimwe ry’igihugu ryoroheje ubukungu mu buryo bw’ifaranga rya Brunei. Igihugu gikora ku butegetsi bugenzurwa n’amazi aho ashyira ifaranga ryayo ku madorari ya Singapore (SGD) ku gipimo cy’ivunjisha rya 1 SGD = 1 BND. Iyi gahunda iremeza ko amafaranga yabo akomeza guhinduka mubihugu byombi. Inoti zo muri Bruneya ziza mu madorari 1, $ 5, $ 10, $ 20, $ 25, $ 50, 100, hamwe n’inoti zo kwibuka zatanzwe mu bihe bidasanzwe cyangwa ibirori nazo zishobora kuboneka. Ibiceri biboneka mu madini menshi nka 1 ku ijana (umuringa), amafaranga 5 (nikel-umuringa), amafaranga 10 (umuringa-nikel), amafaranga 20 (cupronickel-zinc), n'amafaranga 50 (cupronickel). Nyamara, vuba aha ibiceri bicapuwe byakoreshejwe bike kubera kwiyongera kwuburyo bwo kwishyura hakoreshejwe Digital. Ihungabana ry'ubukungu bwa Bruneya ryagize uruhare mu guha agaciro ifaranga ry’igihugu ku yandi mafaranga akomeye ku isi. Mugihe amafaranga yamahanga amwe yemerwa nubucuruzi bumwe na bumwe bwita kubakerarugendo cyangwa ibikorwa mpuzamahanga mumijyi minini nka Bandar Seri Begawan cyangwa Jerudong; icyakora kubikorwa bya buri munsi bitwara amafaranga yaho bizaba bihagije. Muri rusange, amadolari ya Brunei afite uruhare runini mu koroshya ibikorwa by’ubukungu mu gihugu kandi yakomeje kuba mwiza bitewe n’ifaranga ry’idolari rya Singapuru, bituma ubukungu bw’abaturage ndetse n’abaturage bihungabana.
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ifaranga ryemewe rya Brunei ni Amadolari ya Brunei (BND). Kubijyanye n’igipimo cy’ivunjisha ry’amadolari ya Brunei ugereranije n’ifaranga rikomeye ry’isi, dore amakuru yihariye (guhera muri Nzeri 2021): 1 BND = 0,74 USD (Amadorari y'Amerika) 1 BND = 0.56 GBP (Sterling yo mu Bwongereza) 1 BND = 0,63 EUR (Euro) 1 BND = 78 JPY (Yapani Yen) Nyamuneka menya ko igipimo cyivunjisha gishobora guhinduka kandi burigihe nibyiza kugenzurwa nisoko yizewe cyangwa ikigo cyimari kugirango amakuru agezweho mbere yo kuvunja amafaranga.
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Brunei, igihugu cya kisilamu mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Aziya, yizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi yumwaka. Iyi minsi mikuru ifite agaciro gakomeye mumico n’amadini kubantu ba Brunei. 1. Hari Raya Aidilfitri: Azwi kandi nka Eid al-Fitr, iranga Ramazani (ukwezi gutagatifu kwisonzesha). Muri ibi birori, abayisilamu bo muri Brunei bitabira amasengesho adasanzwe ku misigiti bagasura umuryango ninshuti basaba imbabazi. Bambara imyenda gakondo yitwa "Baju Melayu" na "Baju Kurung" mugihe bahana indamutso n'impano. Hateguwe ibirori byiza cyane, hamwe nibiryo byiza bizwi nka rendang beef curry na ketupat cake z'umuceri. 2. Isabukuru y'amavuko ya Sultan: Yizihizwa ku ya 15 Nyakanga buri mwaka, uyu munsi mukuru wubaha Sultan uganje ku isabukuru y'amavuko ya Brunei. Umunsi utangirana numuhango wabereye Istana Nurul Iman (ingoro ya Sultan), hakurikiraho ibikorwa bitandukanye byiminsi mikuru birimo parade zo mumuhanda, ibitaramo byumuco, kwerekana imiriro, hamwe n’imurikagurisha ryerekana imigenzo ya Bruneya. 3. Maulidur Rasul: Azwi kandi ku izina rya Mawlid al-Nabi cyangwa Isabukuru y’Intumwa Muhamadi yizihizwa n’abayisilamu ku isi yose harimo na Brunei mu rwego rwo kwibuka ivuka ry’Intumwa yera Muhammadi PBUH. Abihaye Imana bateranira ku misigiti kugira ngo basengere bidasanzwe kandi bitabira ibiganiro by’amadini byerekana ibintu bikomeye byabaye mu buzima bwe. 4. Umunsi w’igihugu: Wizihizwa ku ya 23 Gashyantare buri mwaka, wizihiza Brunei yabonye ubwigenge mu Bwongereza mu 1984. Muri ibyo birori harimo parade nini irimo abasirikari bagaragaza ubuhanga bwabo hamwe n’ibitaramo bitandukanye by’umuco byerekana imigenzo yaho nko kwerekana imyiyerekano y’ubukorikori bwa silat na imbyino gakondo. 5. Umwaka mushya w'Ubushinwa: Nubwo atari umunsi mukuru w'ikiruhuko ariko wizihizwa cyane n'abaturage b'Abashinwa hirya no hino muri Brunei buri mwaka muri Gashyantare cyangwa Werurwe ukurikije ukwezi kwa kalendari y'ukwezi .. Imyiyerekano y'amabara yitwa imbyino y'intare yuzuza imihanda amabara meza atukura na zahabu, agereranya ibyiza amahirwe n'amajyambere. Imiryango iraterana kugirango basangire kandi bahana impano. Iyi minsi mikuru ntabwo igira uruhare gusa mu mico itandukanye ya Brunei ahubwo inagira uruhare runini mu gushimangira umubano, guteza imbere ubumwe, no kubungabunga umurage ndangamuco.
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Igihugu cya Brunei, ni igihugu gito cyigenga giherereye ku nkombe y'amajyaruguru y'ikirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Nubwo ari ntoya, Brunei ifite ubukungu bwateye imbere kandi butandukanye. Imiterere y’ubucuruzi ahanini ishingiye kuri peteroli nini ya peteroli na gaze gasanzwe. Ibikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze ni inkingi y’ubukungu bwa Brunei, bingana na 90% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’amafaranga leta yinjiza. Nk’umuryango w’ibihugu byohereza peteroli mu mahanga (OPEC), Brunei yagize uruhare rukomeye ku masoko ya peteroli ku isi. Icyakora, ihindagurika ry’ibiciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga bigira ingaruka ku buringanire bw’igihugu. Usibye umutungo wa hydrocarubone, ibindi byoherezwa mu mahanga biva muri Brunei birimo ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe nka gaze ya peteroli n'amavuta. Byongeye kandi, yohereza imashini n'ibikoresho bya mashini kimwe n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi mu bihugu duturanye. Ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, Brunei ishingiye cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga nk'ibicuruzwa byakozwe (ibice by'imashini), ibicanwa biva mu mahanga (usibye peteroli), ibikomoka ku biribwa (birimo ibinyobwa), imiti, plastiki, n'ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu. Abafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi bafite uruhare runini mu bihugu byose by’ubucuruzi. Kuri Brunei Darussalam avuga byumwihariko kubyerekeye ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga; Ubushinwa n’umufatanyabikorwa wabo ukomeye mu bucuruzi bukurikirwa na Maleziya na Singapore. Kuruhande rwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kandi ibihugu bimwe bigira uruhare runini hamwe n’Ubuyapani nicyo aricyo kinini cyoherezwa mu mahanga gikurikirwa na Koreya yepfo. Urebye ubunini bwisoko ryimbere mugihugu ugereranije nibihugu binini byubucuruzi hafi nka Maleziya cyangwa Indoneziya; imbaraga zinyuranye ni ibitekerezo byingenzi kugirango iterambere ryiyongere mu rwego rwo kwita ku masoko menshi ku isi aho kwishingikiriza gusa ku bintu bimwe na bimwe by'ingenzi byemeza guhangana n’ihungabana ryo hanze rishobora kubaho bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’isi yose ku buryo amaherezo izagira ingaruka ku itangwa ry’ibisabwa mu gihugu. Muri rusange, mu gihe umutungo wa hydrocarubone ukomeje kwiganza mu byoherezwa mu mahanga mu bijyanye no kwinjiza amafaranga mu mishinga y’iterambere ry’igihugu & gahunda y’ubukungu ihamye; Irerekana ko hashyizweho inganda nini zishingiye ku nganda muri iki gihe intego zinyuranye zigana ku zindi nzego zitanga icyizere nko guteza imbere ubukerarugendo hagamijwe gusa kugaragara ko ari uburyo bushya bwo kwinjiza amafaranga cyangwa politiki itandukanye binyuze mu gutegereza ko hazaba ihuriro rikomeye ry’ibicuruzwa bya halale cyangwa serivisi zijyanye n’imari ya kisilamu.
Iterambere ryisoko
Brunei, igihugu gito ariko gikize giherereye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, gifite amahirwe menshi yo kwiteza imbere ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Nubunini bwayo, Brunei ifite ubukungu bukomeye kandi itanga inyungu zidasanzwe kubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Ubwa mbere, Brunei ihagaze neza hagati muri Aziya yepfo yepfo. Ikora nk'irembo ryamasoko atandukanye yo mukarere nka Maleziya, Indoneziya, Singapore, na Philippines. Uku kwegera gutanga uburyo bworoshye kubantu barenga miriyoni 600 nibiciro byabo bitandukanye byabaguzi. Icya kabiri, Brunei yishimira politiki ihamye na politiki yorohereza ishoramari. Guverinoma iteza imbere ishoramari ry’amahanga kandi itanga imbaraga zo gukurura ubucuruzi. Ibi bihe byiza byorohereza imikorere myiza kubigo bigamije gushinga igihugu. Byongeye kandi, ingufu za Brunei zinyuranye mu bukungu zafunguye amahirwe mu nzego nyinshi. Nubwo bizwi cyane cyane mu nganda za peteroli na gaze, igihugu giteza imbere cyane iterambere mu nganda, ubukerarugendo, serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga, ubuhinzi, n’ibicuruzwa bya halale. Uku gutandukana gushishikariza ubucuruzi bwo hanze gushakisha ubufatanye cyangwa gushora imari muriyi nzego. Byongeye kandi, Brunei ni kimwe mu bihugu byinjiza amafaranga menshi ku muturage ku isi kubera ubutunzi bwinshi bwa peteroli. Ibi bivuze imbaraga zikomeye zo kugura mubenegihugu bafite amafaranga yinjiza menshi. Kubwibyo, gukurura ibirango byiza cyangwa ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byita kuri iki gice gikize birashobora kwinjiza amafaranga menshi. Byongeye kandi, kuba ugira uruhare rugaragara mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi mu karere nk’umuryango w’ubukungu w’ubukungu bwa ASEAN (AEC) birashimangira umubano mpuzamahanga wa Brunei .. Aya masezerano atanga uburenganzira bwo kugera muri ASEAN gusa ahubwo anashimangira kugera ku masoko akomeye ku isi nk’Ubushinwa binyuze mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu ashyiraho byinshi amahirwe yo kohereza hanze kumasosiyete akorera muri Brunei. Mu gusoza ,, hamwe n’ahantu hafite ingamba ,, umutekano wa politiki ,, politiki yo gushyigikira ,, imbaraga zinyuranye z’ubukungu zashyizwe mu bikorwa n’amasoko yinjiza amafaranga menshi hamwe no kugira uruhare mu mashyirahamwe y’ubucuruzi yo mu karere dushobora kuvuga ko Broinu ifite amahirwe menshi adakoreshwa kandi ifite ibyiringiro byiza iyo biza ti guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’amahanga 市场
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibicuruzwa byiza ku isoko rya Brunei, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibintu bidasanzwe by’ubukungu n’umuco by’igihugu. Abaturage barenga 400.000 gusa nisoko rito ryimbere mu gihugu, Brunei yishingikiriza cyane mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga kugirango iterambere ryayo ryiyongere. Kugirango umenye ibicuruzwa bigurishwa bishyushye ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rya Brunei, hagomba kwitabwaho ibintu byinshi. Ubwa mbere, ukurikije ikirere gishyuha cya Brunei, harakenewe cyane ibicuruzwa byabaguzi bijyanye nibidukikije byihariye. Ibi birimo ibintu nkimyenda yoroheje ikwiranye nikirere gishyushye nibicuruzwa byuruhu birinda izuba. Byongeye kandi, nkigihugu gikungahaye kuri peteroli gifite GDP nyinshi kuri buri muntu, abakoresha Bruneya bafite imbaraga zo kugura. Kubwibyo, haribishoboka mugutumiza ibicuruzwa byiza nkibishushanyo mbonera by'imyambarire / ibikoresho hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Usibye ibicuruzwa byabaguzi, gushakisha amahirwe mubikorwa bitandukanye bishobora no kubyara inyungu. Kurugero, kubera ubushake bwarwo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije n’intego zinyuranye zavuzwe muri Wawasan 2035 - gahunda y’iterambere rirambye ry’igihugu - ibicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije nk’ibikoresho by’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu cyangwa ibiribwa kama bishobora gukurura abakiriya mu kwita ku bidukikije. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko gusuzuma imico n’umuco by’amadini bigira uruhare runini mu guhitamo ibicuruzwa. Brunei kuba igihugu cya kisilamu gikurikiza amategeko ya Shariya agira ingaruka kumikoreshereze. Kubwibyo; ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano n'inzoga ntibishobora kubona intsinzi mugihe ibiryo byemewe na halale bishakishwa cyane nabayisilamu ndetse nabatari abayisilamu. Ubushakashatsi ku isoko buba ingenzi mbere yo kwinjira mubucuruzi bushya cyangwa gutumiza / kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kumasoko yo hanze nka Brunei. Kunguka ubumenyi kubyo abakiriya bakunda binyuze mubushakashatsi cyangwa gukorana nabacuruzi baho bafite ubumenyi buhagije bwisoko bishobora kwerekana agaciro. Muri make, guhitamo ibicuruzwa bigurishwa mubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga muri Brunei bisaba gutekereza cyane ku kirere gishyuha gikenewe mu bijyanye n’imyenda n’ubuvuzi bw’uruhu hamwe no guhaza ibyifuzo by’abakiriya bakize mu bice bitandukanye nk’imyambarire n’ikoranabuhanga. Inganda za Niche nibisubizo byangiza ibidukikije nabyo birashobora gushakishwa. Hanyuma, kwemeza gukurikiza amahame ndangamuco, cyane cyane mubijyanye no kwemeza halale kubicuruzwa byibiribwa, ni ngombwa kugirango umuntu agere ku isoko rya Brunei.
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Sultanate ya Brunei, ni igihugu gito cyigenga giherereye ku nkombe y'amajyaruguru y'ikirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Hafi yabaturage bagera ku 450.000, ifite urutonde rwihariye rwimiterere yabakiriya na kirazira zingenzi kwitabwaho mugihe ukora ubucuruzi cyangwa gusabana nabantu bo muri Brunei. Ibiranga abakiriya: 1. Ikinyabupfura n'icyubahiro: Abanyarune baha agaciro ikinyabupfura n'icyubahiro mu mikoranire yabo. Bashima imyitwarire yubupfura kandi biteze kubahana kubandi. 2. Konservatisme: Umuryango wa Bruneya uharanira inyungu, ibyo ugaragaza mubyo bahisemo nkabakiriya. Indangagaciro gakondo nibisanzwe biyobora ibyemezo byabo. 3. Ubudahemuka: Ubudahemuka bwabakiriya ningirakamaro kubanya Bruneya, cyane cyane mubijyanye nubucuruzi bwaho cyangwa abatanga serivisi bizeye. 4. Isano rikomeye ryumuryango: Umuryango ugira uruhare runini muri societe ya Bruneya, bityo ubucuruzi bugomba kumenya ko ibyemezo bishobora kuba bikubiyemo kugisha inama abagize umuryango. 5. Icyifuzo cyiza: Kimwe nabakiriya bose, abaturage ba Brunei bashima ibicuruzwa na serivisi nziza bitanga agaciro kumafaranga. Kirazira y'abakiriya: 1. Kutubaha Islam: Islamu ni idini ryemewe rya Brunei, kandi kutubaha imigenzo n'imigenzo ya kisilamu bishobora kubabaza cyane abaturage. 2. Kugaragariza rubanda urukundo (PDA): Guhuza umubiri hagati yabantu batashyingiranywe cyangwa bafitanye isano bigomba kwirindwa kuko kugaragariza abantu urukundo muri rusange bica intege. 3. Kunywa inzoga: Kugurisha no kunywa inzoga bigengwa cyane muri Brunei kubera amategeko y’ubuyisilamu ashingiye ku ndangagaciro; kubwibyo, byaba byiza witondeye kubijyanye ninzoga mugihe cyimikoranire. 4.Kunenga kutajenjetse cyangwa ibitekerezo bibi: Ni ngombwa kutanegura kumugaragaro cyangwa gutanga ibitekerezo bibi bidasabwe kubyerekeye imyizerere yabantu cyangwa umuco wabo kuko bishobora gutera icyaha. Mugusobanukirwa ibiranga abakiriya no kwirinda kirazira mugihe uganira nabantu bo muri Brunei, umuntu arashobora gushiraho umubano mwiza wubucuruzi muri iki gihugu cyihariye cyo muri Aziya yepfo yepfo.
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Igihugu cya Brunei, Inzu y'amahoro, ni igihugu gito giherereye ku kirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Ku bijyanye na gasutamo n’abinjira n’abinjira muri Brunei, dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe byingenzi tugomba gusuzuma: 1. Ibisabwa byinjira: Abashyitsi bose muri Brunei bagomba kuba bafite pasiporo yemewe nibura amezi atandatu yemewe kuva umunsi binjiriye. Bamwe mu banyagihugu barashobora kandi gukenera viza. Nibyiza kugenzura na ambasade ya Bruneya yegeranye cyangwa konsuline bijyanye nibisabwa byinjira. 2. Itangazo rya gasutamo: Iyo ugeze ku cyambu cyangwa ikibuga icyo ari cyo cyose muri Brunei, abagenzi basabwa kuzuza urupapuro rwabigenewe rwa gasutamo neza kandi mu kuri. Iyi fomu ikubiyemo amakuru ajyanye nibicuruzwa bitwarwa, harimo ifaranga rirenze imipaka. 3. Ibintu bibujijwe kandi bibujijwe: Ni ngombwa kumenya ibintu bibujijwe rwose cyangwa bibujijwe kwinjizwa muri Brunei. Ibi birimo imbunda n'amasasu, ibiyobyabwenge (keretse kubwubuvuzi), porunogarafiya, ibikoresho byita kuri politiki, imbuto n'imboga mbisi (usibye ibyo mu bihugu bimwe), nibindi. 4. Amabwiriza y’ifaranga: Nta mbogamizi zo kuzana amafaranga y’ibanze cyangwa y’amahanga muri Brunei; ariko, amafaranga arenga $ 10,000 USD agomba gutangazwa mugihe uhageze cyangwa ugiye. 5. Amafaranga atishyurwa: Abagenzi barengeje imyaka 17 y'amavuko barashobora kubona amafaranga atangirwa umusoro kubicuruzwa byitabi (itabi 200) nibinyobwa bisindisha (litiro 1). Kurenza iyo mibare bishobora kuvamo imisoro yakwa n'abayobozi ba gasutamo. 6. Amabwiriza yo kubungabunga ibidukikije: Nk’igihugu cyita ku bidukikije gifite ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, Brunei ifite amategeko akomeye yerekeye kubungabunga inyamaswa zirimo ibimera cyangwa inyamaswa zashyizwe ku rutonde rwa CITES (Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu bwoko bw’ibinyabuzima). Abashyitsi bagomba kwirinda kugura urwibutso rukozwe mu bwoko bwangiritse burinzwe n’amabwiriza ya CITES. 7.Ubugenzuzi bwa Customer: Ubugenzuzi busanzwe bwakozwe nabakozi ba gasutamo burashobora kubaho mugihe uhageze cyangwa uvuye kubibuga byindege cyangwa ibyambu muri Brunei. Ubufatanye no kubahiriza amabwiriza ya gasutamo biteganijwe muri iri genzura. 8. Ibikoresho bibujijwe: Brunei ifite amategeko akomeye abuza kwinjiza ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge. Gutumiza mu mahanga ibiyobyabwenge bishobora gukatirwa ibihano bikaze, birimo igifungo cyangwa igihano cy'urupfu mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko amabwiriza ya gasutamo n’abinjira n’abasohoka ashobora guhinduka, kandi buri gihe ni byiza ko ubaza abayobozi cyangwa abayobozi bireba mbere yo kujya i Brunei. Gukurikiza aya mabwiriza bizatuma inzira yinjira nogusohoka neza muri iki gihugu cyiza cyo mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Aziya.
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Brunei, igihugu gito cyo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya giherereye ku nkombe y'amajyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'ikirwa cya Borneo, gifite politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga isobanuwe neza. Amahoro yatumijwe muri Brunei asanzwe ashyirwa ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye byinjira mu gihugu. Iyi mirimo ishyizwe mubyiciro bitatu: ibintu bisonewe, ibicuruzwa byemewe, nibiciro byihariye bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byinzoga n’itabi. 1. Ibintu bisonewe: Ibicuruzwa bimwe byinjijwe muri Brunei bisonewe imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga. Ingero zirimo ingaruka zumuntu cyangwa ibintu byazanywe nabagenzi kugirango babikoreshe kugiti cyabo, hamwe nibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byubuvuzi. 2. Ibicuruzwa byemewe: Ibicuruzwa byinshi bitumizwa mu mahanga biri munsi yiki cyiciro kandi bitangirwa imisoro yagenwe. Iyi mirimo iratandukanye ukurikije agaciro k'ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga nkuko bibarwa ukoresheje uburyo bwa CIF (Igiciro, Ubwishingizi, n'Ubucuruzi). 3. Ibicuruzwa byinzoga n’itabi: Abatumiza mu binyobwa bisindisha n’ibicuruzwa by’itabi bagomba kumenya ko ibyo bintu bikurura imisoro y’imisoro yihariye hiyongereyeho imisoro isanzwe itumizwa mu mahanga. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko Brunei igenda ivugurura igipimo cy’ibiciro ukurikije uko ubukungu bwifashe, amasezerano y’ubucuruzi n’ibindi bihugu, cyangwa politiki y’imbere mu gihugu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni byiza ko abacuruzi cyangwa abantu ku giti cyabo bagira uruhare mu bikorwa byo gutumiza mu mahanga bagisha inama amakuru agezweho yatanzwe n’inzego zibishinzwe nka Minisiteri y’imari ya Minisiteri y’imari cyangwa ishami rya gasutamo mbere yo kwishora mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi bitumizwa mu mahanga. Byongeye kandi, birakwiye kwerekana ko kubahiriza amategeko n'amabwiriza ya gasutamo yerekeye ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga ari ngombwa mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. Ibi bikubiyemo gutanga amakuru yukuri kubisobanuro byibicuruzwa biri mu nyandiko zo kohereza (nka fagitire), kubahiriza ibisabwa byapakiwe igihe bibaye ngombwa (urugero, kubuza ibimenyetso), kubahiriza uburyo ubwo ari bwo bwose bwo kumenyesha mbere yo kuhagera niba bibaye ngombwa (urugero, sisitemu zo gutanga kumurongo), nibindi ibitekerezo bijyanye nibicuruzwa byihariye. Muri make, - Ibintu bitumizwa mu mahanga birashobora gusonerwa imisoro bitewe n'intego zabo cyangwa imiterere. - Ibicuruzwa byinshi bitumizwa mu mahanga muri Brunei bitangirwa imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga ukurikije agaciro kayo. - Ibinyobwa bisindisha nibicuruzwa byitabi bikurura imisoro yinyongera. - Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukomeza kumenyeshwa impinduka zijyanye n’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. - Gukurikiza amabwiriza ya gasutamo ni ngombwa ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga nta kibazo. Nyamuneka menya ko amakuru yavuzwe haruguru ari rusange muri kamere kandi ashobora guhinduka. Birasabwa kugisha inama zemewe cyangwa inama zumwuga kubisobanuro birambuye kandi bigezweho kuri politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe muri Brunei.
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Brunei, igihugu gito giherereye ku kirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, gifite politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga igamije gushyigikira ubukungu bwayo. Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga cyane birimo peteroli na gaze gasanzwe, bigize igice kinini cya GDP. Muri Brunei, nta misoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ishyirwaho kuri peteroli na gaze gasanzwe. Iyi politiki ishigikira iterambere ry’urwego rw’ingufu kandi ikurura ishoramari ry’amahanga muri uru ruganda. Nka kimwe mu bihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga (LNG) ku isi, Brunei yungukira ku masoko yo ku isi akenewe cyane nta yandi misoro ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Usibye umutungo w'ingufu, Brunei yohereza no mu bindi bicuruzwa nk'imyenda, imiti, n'ibikomoka ku buhinzi. Nyamara, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bidafite ingufu nta politiki yihariye y’imisoro ivugwa ku mugaragaro. Byumvikane ko guverinoma igamije guteza imbere itandukaniro ku isoko ryohereza ibicuruzwa hanze idashyiraho imisoro ihambaye ku bicuruzwa bitari peteroli na gaze. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kumenya ko Brunei iri mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi menshi yo mu karere yorohereza ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bigize uyu muryango mu gihe kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho inzitizi z’ubucuruzi. Kurugero, Brunei ni umunyamuryango wa ASEAN (Ishyirahamwe ry’ibihugu by’amajyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya), yemerera ibiciro bya zeru mu bihugu bigize uyu muryango ku bicuruzwa byinshi bigurishwa muri uyu muryango w’akarere. Mu gusoza, politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ya Brunei yibanda cyane cyane ku gushyigikira urwego rw’ingufu zayo mu gusonera peteroli na gaze gasanzwe ku musoro iyoherezwa mu mahanga. Ibicuruzwa bidafite ingufu byoherezwa mu mahanga ntabwo bisa nkaho bifite politiki y’imisoro yihariye ku mugaragaro ariko byungukirwa no kuba mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi mu karere agamije kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho imisoro mu bihugu byitabiriye.
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Igihugu cya Brunei, Inzu y'amahoro, ni igihugu gito ariko cyateye imbere cyane giherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Brunei ifite ubukungu butandukanye hamwe n’isoko nyamukuru yinjiza ni peteroli na gaze byoherezwa mu mahanga. Icyakora, guverinoma ya Brunei yashyize ingufu mu gutandukanya ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga no kugera ku bukungu burambye. Mu rwego rwo kwemeza ubuziranenge no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga, Brunei yashyize mu bikorwa icyemezo cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Igihugu gikurikiza amabwiriza n'amabwiriza yihariye kugira ngo yizere koherezwa mu mahanga. Ikigo gishinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze (ECA) muri Brunei gifite inshingano zo gutanga ibyemezo byohereza hanze. Uru rwego rwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa nk'ibipimo by’umutekano, kugenzura ubuziranenge, no kubahiriza amabwiriza mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi. Kugirango ubone icyemezo cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Brunei, abatumiza ibicuruzwa hanze bagomba gutanga ibyangombwa bijyanye nibisobanuro byibicuruzwa, ibyemezo byinkomoko, urutonde rwabapakira, inyemezabuguzi, nibindi byangombwa bisabwa. ECA isubiramo neza inyandiko mbere yo gutanga icyemezo. Abashora ibicuruzwa hanze bagomba kwerekana ko ibicuruzwa byabo byujuje ibisabwa bya tekiniki byihariye kuri buri soko ryinjira hanze. Ibi bisabwa birashobora gutandukana bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga cyangwa amabwiriza y’igihugu atumiza mu mahanga ku bijyanye n’ubuzima n’umutekano. Hashyizweho uburyo bwo kwemeza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, abinjira mu gihugu cya Bruneya barashobora kongera ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana ku masoko y’isi bizeza abaguzi ko ibicuruzwa byabo byujuje ubuziranenge. Iki cyemezo gikora nk'ikimenyetso cyerekana ko ibicuruzwa biva muri Brunei byasuzumwe n'abayobozi babishoboye kandi bikwiriye kugabanywa ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Nka kimwe mu bihugu bikize cyane ku isi bitewe ahanini n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli ariko kandi bikamenyekana cyane kubera kohereza ibicuruzwa byiza byoherezwa mu mahanga nk’ibicuruzwa bitunganyirizwa mu mahanga imiti y’imiti cyangwa inganda zishingiye ku buhinzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga byemeza inzira zinjira mu bucuruzi buhamye muri iki gihugu gito. Mu gusoza
Basabwe ibikoresho
Logistique nimwe mu nkingi zingenzi ziterambere ryigihugu cya Brunei. Brunei iherereye mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, yegeranye n'Ubushinwa, Maleziya na Indoneziya, kandi ifite ahantu heza. Ibikurikira namakuru asabwa kubyerekeye ibikoresho bya Brunei: 1. Ibikoresho byiza byicyambu: Icyambu cya Muara ni kimwe mu byambu bikuru muri Brunei, gifite ibyuma bigezweho hamwe n’ibikoresho byo gupakira no gupakurura. Icyambu gitanga serivisi zo gutwara abantu mu nyanja no mu kirere, gihuza imigabane yose kandi gishobora gutwara amato manini ya kontineri. 2. Ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu kirere: Ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bandar Seri Begawan nicyo kibuga cy’indege cya Buruli kandi gitanga serivisi z’imizigo zituruka mu ndege nyinshi. Izi ndege zirashobora gutwara imizigo mu mpande zose zisi kandi igatanga ibisubizo byumwuga kandi byiza. 3. Ibikoresho bidasanzwe: Bitewe nubutaka bwinshi bwa Brunei hamwe nubwikorezi bworoshye (umuyoboro wo gutwara abantu ukorera igihugu cyose), hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho bidasanzwe. Kurugero, gukoresha ubwato buto intera ngufi cyangwa ubwikorezi bwamazi yo mu gihugu imbere mucyaro cyangwa ku nzuzi; Gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa mu mijyi no mu cyaro binyuze mu muyoboro w’imihanda. 4. Ibikoresho byo guterura no kubika: Urashobora kubona ibikoresho byinshi bigezweho byo guterura hamwe nabatanga serivise zo kubika muri Brunei. Izi sosiyete zifite ibikoresho bigezweho nubuhanga buhanga kugirango buhuze ibikenewe byose. 5. Ibigo byita ku bikoresho: Hariho amasosiyete menshi y’umwuga kandi yizewe y’ibikoresho ku isoko rya Brunei atanga serivisi zitwara ibicuruzwa mu gihugu no mu mahanga. Izi sosiyete zifite uburambe nubuhanga bwo guhuza ibisubizo kubikenerwa byabakiriya no kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa bigera neza kandi ku gihe. Muri make, Brunei, nkubukungu butera imbere kandi bugenda buzamuka, burahora butera imbere kandi butunganya urusobe rwibikoresho, rwifashisha aho ruherereye. Haba ku nyanja, ikirere cyangwa ibikoresho bidasanzwe, hari uburyo butandukanye bwo guhitamo. Mu gufatanya n’amasosiyete akora ibijyanye n’ibikoresho by’umwuga, ibigo birashobora kubona ibisubizo byiza kandi bitekanye by’imizigo, kandi bikagera ku bufatanye n’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga no guteza imbere isoko ryaho.
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Brunei, igihugu gitoya cyo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya ku kirwa cya Borneo, ntigishobora kumenyekana cyane nk'ihuriro mpuzamahanga ry'ubucuruzi n'ubucuruzi. Nyamara, iracyatanga inzira zingenzi zamasoko mpuzamahanga kandi ikerekana imurikagurisha ritandukanye. Reka tubashishoze neza. Imwe munzira zingenzi zitanga amasoko mpuzamahanga muri Brunei ni mumasezerano ya leta. Guverinoma ya Bruneya ihora itumira amasoko aturuka mu masosiyete yo mu mahanga kwitabira imishinga itandukanye no gutanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi. Aya masezerano akubiyemo inzego nko guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo, ubwubatsi, ubwikorezi, itumanaho, ubuvuzi, uburezi, n'ibindi. Amasosiyete mpuzamahanga arashobora kubona ayo mahirwe mugukurikirana urubuga rwa leta cyangwa gufatanya nabakozi baho bafitanye isano nuburyo bwo gutanga amasoko. Byongeye kandi, Brunei yakira imurikagurisha ryinshi ryubucuruzi rikurura abaguzi n’abagurisha mpuzamahanga kimwe. Kimwe mu bintu byagaragaye ni "Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi rya Brunei Darussalam" (BDITF). Iri murikagurisha ryerekana ibicuruzwa byinshi biva mu nzego zitandukanye nkinganda zikora inganda, ubuhinzi n’inganda zikomoka ku buhinzi-bworozi, abatanga ibisubizo bya ICT, abatanga serivisi mu bukerarugendo & kwakira abashyitsi n'ibindi, bigaha amahirwe ba nyir'ubucuruzi guhuza abafatanyabikorwa cyangwa abakiriya bombi baturuka muri Brunei no mu mahanga. Irindi murika ryingenzi ni "Isi Yubukungu Yubuyisilamu" (WIEF). Nubwo bidasobanutse kuri Brunei yonyine kuva izunguruka mu bihugu bitandukanye buri mwaka ariko kuba igihugu cyabanyamuryango ba WIEF fondasiyo ubwacyo bizana agaciro gakomeye mubucuruzi bukorera muri Brunei mugihe bwakiriye ibi birori bikomeye,. WIEF ikurura ubucuruzi bwisi yose ishakisha ubufatanye mubihugu byiganjemo abayisilamu mu karere ka Aziya-Pasifika. Byongeye kandi, hano hari imurikagurisha ryihariye ryakozwe mu mwaka wose ryita cyane cyane ariko ntirigarukira mu nzego zimwe na zimwe: Imurikagurisha ry’inganda za peteroli na gazi (OPEX), kwerekana francise (BIBD AMANAH Franchise), imurikagurisha n’ibinyobwa (BEST Events Productions Food Expo ) nibindi, Iri murika rishyiraho urubuga rwabakinnyi binganda haba bitabiriye imurikagurisha bashaka imishinga ishoboka, ubufatanye bwubucuruzi ndetse nabashyitsi bashaka isoko y'ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi byihariye cyangwa bashaka ibigezweho ku isoko. Usibye iri murika ry’ubucuruzi, Brunei ni umunyamuryango w’imiryango itandukanye yo mu karere ndetse n’amahanga yorohereza imiyoboro y’ubucuruzi n’amahirwe yo gutanga amasoko. Kurugero, nkigice cya ASEAN, Brunei irashobora kugera kumurongo wogutanga amasoko mukarere kandi ikagira uruhare mubucuruzi hagati ya ASEAN. Byongeye kandi, Brunei yitabiriye Umuryango w’ubucuruzi ku isi (WTO), utanga amategeko y’ubucuruzi n’amahuriro y’ubucuruzi ku isi, byorohereza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga kwishora ku masoko yaho. Mu gusoza, nubwo ari ntoya, Brunei itanga inzira zikomeye zo gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga binyuze mumasezerano ya leta no kwitabira imurikagurisha. Iyi miyoboro ntabwo itanga amahirwe ku masosiyete y’amahanga gusa ahubwo inagira uruhare mu kuzamura ubukungu muri Brunei mu guteza imbere ishoramari no guteza imbere inganda zaho.
Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Igihugu cya Brunei, Inzu y'amahoro, ni igihugu gito cyigenga giherereye ku kirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Mugihe moteri nyinshi zishakisha zizwi kandi zikoreshwa cyane mubihugu byinshi kwisi, Brunei yishingikiriza cyane cyane kuri moteri zishakisha kwisi zitanga verisiyo zaho kubakoresha muri Brunei. Hano hari moteri zikoreshwa mubushakashatsi hamwe nurubuga rwabo muri Brunei: 1. Google (https://www.google.com.bn): Google kugeza ubu ni moteri ishakisha izwi cyane ku isi ndetse no mu bakoresha interineti muri Brunei. Itanga verisiyo yihariye yihariye ya Brunei izwi nka "Google.com.bn". Google itanga ibintu byinshi birimo gushakisha kurubuga, gushakisha amashusho, ikarita, ingingo zamakuru, ibisobanuro, nibindi byinshi. 2. Bing (https://www.bing.com): Bing niyindi moteri mpuzamahanga ishakisha mpuzamahanga ishobora kugerwaho nabakoresha muri Brunei. Nubwo bidashobora gukundwa nka Google kwisi yose cyangwa mugace ka Brunei, iracyatanga ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bijyanye hamwe nibintu bitandukanye nko gushakisha amashusho no gukusanya amakuru. 3. Yahoo (https://search.yahoo.com): Yahoo Shakisha nayo ikoreshwa cyane kwisi yose kandi irashobora kugerwaho nabakoresha baturutse mubihugu bitandukanye harimo na Brunei. Kimwe nizindi moteri zishakisha zikomeye, Yahoo itanga gushakisha kurubuga ruhujwe na serivisi zinyongera nko kubona imeri (Yahoo Mail), ingingo zamakuru (Yahoo News), amakuru yimari (Yahoo Finance), nibindi. 4. DuckDuckGo (https://duckduckgo.com): DuckDuckGo ni moteri ishakisha ibanga yibanga idakurikirana ibikorwa byabakoresha cyangwa ngo itange ibisubizo byihariye ukurikije amateka yo kureba cyangwa ibyo ukunda. Itanga ubundi buryo kubakoresha bireba ubuzima bwabo bwo kumurongo. Twabibutsa ko mugihe ibyo bihangange byisi byiganjemo umwanya wo gushakisha kumurongo no kumupaka wa Bruneya; ubucuruzi bwaho nabwo bwashizeho niche yihariye yububiko cyangwa imiyoboro kugirango ihuze ibikenewe mu gihugu. Muri rusange, izi moteri zishakisha zikunze gukoreshwa zemeza ko abakoresha muri Brunei bashobora kubona amakuru menshi na serivisi biboneka kuri interineti.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Brunei nurupapuro nyamukuru rwumuhondo (www.bruneiyellowpages.com.bn) na BruneiYP (www.bruneiyellowpages.net). Dore intangiriro kumpapuro ebyiri zingenzi z'umuhondo: 1. Urupapuro rwumuhondo rwa Brunei: Iyi ni serivise yumuhondo kumurongo itanga amakuru yubucuruzi yuzuye. Itanga amakuru yamakuru nibisobanuro byubwoko butandukanye bwubucuruzi, harimo resitora, ibitaro, amahoteri, amabanki nibindi byinshi. Ukeneye gusa guhitamo serivisi cyangwa icyiciro cyibicuruzwa ukeneye kurubuga kugirango ubone ibisobanuro byubucuruzi bijyanye. 2. BruneiYP: Iyi nayo ni serivise ikunzwe cyane kumurongo wumuhondo. Uru rubuga ruguha ibisobanuro birambuye byubucuruzi butandukanye mu gace ka Brunei kandi bigufasha gushakisha byihuse ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi byihariye. Usibye amakuru yibanze, itanga kandi ikarita yerekana umwanya hamwe nogukora ibikorwa byo gufasha abakoresha kubona ubucuruzi bwifuzwa byoroshye. Izi mbuga z'umuhondo zizaha abakoresha amahitamo atandukanye azagira akamaro mugushakisha mubyiciro bitandukanye muri Singapore. Ntakibazo cyaba ubucuruzi ushaka, nka resitora, amahoteri, amabanki, nibindi, uzasangamo amakuru akwiye kururu rubuga. Nyamuneka Icyitonderwa: Kubera iterambere ryihuse rya interineti, nyamuneka urebe ko wahisemo gushakisha no gusura imbuga zikoresha verisiyo iheruka kandi zizewe cyane kandi zizwi na rubanda rusanzwe.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Brunei n'igihugu gito giherereye ku kirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Nubwo ari ntoya, ifite iterambere rya digitale kandi irabona iterambere murwego rwa e-ubucuruzi. Dore bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi bya e-ubucuruzi muri Brunei hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Ububiko bwa ProgresifPAY: Uru rubuga rutanga ibicuruzwa byinshi, birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imyambarire, ibicuruzwa byiza, ibikoresho byo murugo, nibindi byinshi. Urubuga rwabo ni https://progresifpay.com.bn/ 2. TelBru E-Ubucuruzi: TelBru nisosiyete ikora ibijyanye n’itumanaho i Brunei nayo ikora urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rutanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye nkibikoresho, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo murugo, nibindi byinshi. Sura urubuga rwabo kuri https://www.telbru.com.bn/ubucuruzi/ 3. Simpay: Simpay itanga serivise zo kugura kumurongo kubatuye Brunei hamwe namahitamo kuva kuri electronics kugeza kumyambarire hamwe nibiribwa. Urubuga rwabo rushobora kuboneka kuri https://www.simpay.com.bn/ 4. Urashobora gucukumbura amaturo yabo kuri https://tutongku.co 5 Wrreauqaan. Izi porogaramu zitanga inzira zoroshye kandi zifite umutekano kubantu bo muri Brunei guhaha kumurongo badasize amazu yabo cyangwa biro. Nyamuneka menya ko urutonde rudashobora kuba rwuzuye kuko urubuga rushya rwa e-ubucuruzi rushobora kugaragara mugihe cyangwa izisanzwe zishobora guhindura ibikorwa byazo ..

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Muri Brunei, imbuga nkoranyambaga ntabwo zitandukanye kandi nini cyane nko mu bindi bihugu bimwe na bimwe. Nyamara, haracyari imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane zikoreshwa cyane nabanya Brunei. Dore urutonde rwibi bibuga hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Nta gushidikanya ko Facebook ari urubuga nkoranyambaga ruzwi cyane muri Brunei, kimwe no mu bindi bihugu byinshi. Ifite umukoresha wingenzi kandi itanga ibintu bitandukanye nko gusangira ibishya, amafoto na videwo, guhuza inshuti, guhuza amatsinda, nimpapuro zikurikira. 2. Instagram (www. Harimo kandi ibintu nkinkuru zibura nyuma yamasaha 24. 3. Twitter (www.twitter.com): Twitter nayo ihari muri Brunei ariko ugereranije ifite abakoresha bake ugereranije na Facebook cyangwa Instagram. Abakoresha barashobora gusangira tweet zigarukira ku nyuguti 280 hamwe nimigereka ya multimediya nkamafoto cyangwa amashusho. 4. WhatsApp (www. guhamagara. 5 porogaramu. 6.Linkedin (www.linkedin.com) -LinkedIn ikomeje kuba imwe mumahuriro akomeye yo guhuza imiyoboro yabigize umwuga ndetse no kubanyamwuga bakora cyangwa baba imbere. Hano urashobora guhuza nabakozi mukorana & abanyamwuga, gukora amahuza / guhuza imiyoboro & kubona ubushishozi bugezweho bwinganda. Ibigo / abantu mubisanzwe berekana akazi / amahirwe yabo hano. (Urubuga: www.linkedin.com) Izi mbuga zitondetse zitanga inzira kubantu nubucuruzi muri Brunei guhuza, kuvugana, no gusangira amakuru nabandi. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko uru rutonde rushobora kuba rutuzuye kandi gukundwa kwimbuga nkoranyambaga bishobora guhinduka mugihe uko urubuga rushya rugaragara cyangwa guhinduka mubyifuzo byabakoresha bibaho.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Brunei, izwi ku izina rya Igihugu cya Brunei, ni igihugu gito giherereye ku kirwa cya Borneo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. N’ubwo ari ntoya n’abaturage, Brunei ifite amashyirahamwe atandukanye yinganda zihagarariye inzego zitandukanye zubukungu bwayo. Amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda muri Brunei yanditse hano hepfo: 1. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi n’inganda rwa Brunei (BMCCI): Iri shyirahamwe ryerekana inyungu z’ubucuruzi ba rwiyemezamirimo bo muri Maleziya muri Brunei. Urubuga rwabo murashobora kubisanga kuri: www.bmcci.org.bn 2. Ishyirahamwe ryabashakashatsi, abashakashatsi n’abubatsi (PUJA): PUJA ihagarariye abanyamwuga bakora mubushakashatsi, ubwubatsi, nubwubatsi. Sura urubuga rwabo kuri: www.puja-brunei.org 3. Ishyirahamwe rya Serivisi ishinzwe iterambere ry’ubukerarugendo (ATDS): ATDS yibanda ku kuzamura iterambere n’iterambere ry’inganda zijyanye n'ubukerarugendo muri Brunei. Kubindi bisobanuro, sura: www.visitbrunei.com 4.Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere inganda za Halal: Iri shyirahamwe rifasha mu guteza imbere no guteza imbere inganda za halale muri Brunei kugira ngo zunguke amahirwe y’isoko rya halale ku isi. 5.Ishyirahamwe rishinzwe igenamigambi ry’imari ya BruneI (FPAB) - Yerekana abategura imari bakora muri sisitemu isanzwe y’imari ya kisilamu. 6.BruneI ICT Association (BICTA) - Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi bwikoranabuhanga bwamakuru yibanda ku iterambere rya digitale mu nzego zitandukanye. Nyamuneka menya ko urutonde rutuzuye kuko hashobora kubaho andi mashyirahamwe yinganda ahagarariye izindi nzego zitandukanye mubukungu bwa Brunei.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Hano hari imbuga nyinshi zubukungu nubucuruzi zijyanye na Brunei. Dore urutonde rwa zimwe mururu rubuga hamwe na URL zabo: 1. Minisiteri y’Imari n’Ubukungu (MOFE) - Urubuga rwemewe rwa Minisiteri ishinzwe gushyiraho politiki y’ubukungu, gucunga imari ya Leta, no korohereza iterambere ry’ubukungu muri Brunei. Urubuga: http://www.mofe.gov.bn/Page/Urugo.aspx 2. Uruganda rwa Darussalam (DARe) - Ikigo cyibanze ku guteza imbere kwihangira imirimo, gutera inkunga gutangiza, no guteza imbere udushya muri Brunei. Urubuga: https://dare.gov.bn/ 3. Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam (AMBD) - Banki nkuru ya Brunei ishinzwe kubungabunga umutekano w’amafaranga, kugenzura ibigo by’imari, no guteza imbere urwego rw’imari. Urubuga: https://www.ambd.gov.bn/ 4. Ishami rishinzwe ingufu mu biro bya Minisitiri w’intebe (EDPMO) - Iri shami rigenzura urwego rw’ingufu muri Brunei kandi rutanga amakuru ku mahirwe y’ishoramari mu nganda. Urubuga: http://www.energy.gov.bn/ 5. Ishami rishinzwe igenamigambi ry’ubukungu n’ibarurishamibare (JPES) - Ishami rya leta rikusanya imibare y’igihugu kandi rigakora ubushakashatsi bwo gushyigikira ishyirwaho rya politiki mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubucuruzi, ubukerarugendo, ishoramari, n'ibindi. Urubuga: http://www.deps.gov.bn/ 6 Urubuga: https://www.ccau.gov.bn/aiti/Page/default.aspx 7.Ikigo cya Politiki y’imari (Br () （财政 政策 研究院) - Iki kigo gikora ubushakashatsi kuri politiki y’imari igamije kuzamura ubukungu n’iterambere rirambye mu gihugu urubuga: http: / ??. fpi.edu (?) Nyamuneka menya ko imbuga zimwe zishobora gukosorwa cyangwa guhinduka mugihe; nibyiza rero gukoresha moteri yishakisha kugirango tumenye amakuru agezweho.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hano hari urubuga rwinshi rwibibazo byubucuruzi biboneka kuri Brunei. Dore bike muribi hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Ishami rishinzwe igenamigambi n’ubukungu (JPKE) - Igice cyamakuru yubucuruzi: Urubuga: https://www.depd.gov.bn/UrubugaPage/Ubucuruzi%20and%20Trade/Ubucuruzi-Info.aspx 2. Ikigo mpuzamahanga cy'ubucuruzi (ITC) - Ikarita y'Ubucuruzi: Urubuga: https: //www.trademap.org/Country_SelProductCountry_TS.aspx? Nvpm = 1 ||||| 040 ||| 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3. Igisubizo cy’ubucuruzi rusange ku isi (WITS): Urubuga: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/BRN 4. Observatoire yubukungu bugoye (OEC): Urubuga: https://oec.world/en/profile/country/brn 5. Ububikoshingiro bw’umuryango w’abibumbye: Urubuga: https: //comtrade.un.org/data/ Izi mbuga zitanga amakuru yuzuye ku mibare y’ubucuruzi ya Brunei, amakuru yohereza mu mahanga-ibicuruzwa, abafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi, n’isesengura ry’isoko. Abakoresha barashobora gushakisha ibicuruzwa cyangwa inganda zihariye, kubona amakuru yubucuruzi bwamateka, no gucukumbura ibipimo bitandukanye byubukungu bijyanye nibikorwa byubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bya Brunei. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kuboneka kwamakuru bishobora gutandukana muribi bibuga, bityo rero birasabwa kugisha inama ahantu henshi kugirango twumve neza imiterere yubucuruzi bwigihugu.

B2b

Brunei, igihugu gito cyo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya ku kirwa cya Borneo, gifite ubukungu bwiyongera kandi gitanga amahirwe atandukanye mu bucuruzi. Hano hari urubuga rwa B2B muri Brunei hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Ubuyobozi bwa Brunei (www.bruneidirect.com.bn): Uru ni portal yemewe ihuza ubucuruzi nabatanga isoko, abaguzi, ninzego za leta muri Brunei. Itanga uburyo bwo kugera ku nganda zitandukanye nk'ubwubatsi, gucuruza, gukora, ubuvuzi, n'ibindi. 2. Byakozwe muri Brunei (www.madeinbrunei.com.bn): Uru rubuga rutezimbere ibicuruzwa na serivisi bikorerwa mu karere biva mu bucuruzi bwa Bruneya. Iremera ubucuruzi kwerekana ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi kubashobora kuba abaguzi haba mu gihugu ndetse no mumahanga. 3. Isoko rya Darussalam (DARe) Isoko (isoko igihugu. 4. BuyBruneionline.com: Urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi rwemerera ubucuruzi kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo kumurongo binyuze kumurongo woguhuza abakiriya muri Brunei no kumasoko mpuzamahanga. 5. Idealink (www.idea-link.co.id): Nubwo idashingiye gusa muri Brunei ahubwo ikubiyemo n'ibindi bihugu byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya nka Indoneziya na Maleziya; Idealink itanga isoko kumurongo uhuza abagurisha baturutse muri utwo turere hamwe nabashaka kugura bashaka gushakisha ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi kumipaka Izi mbuga zikoreshwa nkibikoresho byiza byubucuruzi bwaho mugushikira abafatanyabikorwa cyangwa abakiriya mugihugu ndetse no kwagura isoko ryabo kwisi yose.
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