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Incamake y'igihugu
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Iterambere ryisoko
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Basabwe ibikoresho
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Nikaragwa ni igihugu giherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, gihana imbibi na Honduras mu majyaruguru na Kosta Rika mu majyepfo. Nicyo gihugu kinini muri Amerika yo hagati gituwe n'abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 6. Umurwa mukuru n'umujyi munini wa Nikaragwa ni Managua. Ururimi rwemewe ni icyesipanyoli, kandi ifaranga rikoreshwa ni Nikaragwa Córdoba. Nikaragwa ifite imiterere itandukanye, igaragaramo imisozi y'ibirunga, ibiyaga binini, n’inyanja nziza ku nkombe za pasifika. Ikirangantego kizwi cyane muri iki gihugu ni ikiyaga cya Nikaragwa, nicyo kiyaga kinini muri Amerika yo Hagati. Ubukungu bwa Nikaragwa bushingiye cyane ku buhinzi, ikawa ikaba imwe mu byoherezwa mu mahanga. Izindi nganda zikomeye zirimo gukora imyenda n'ubukerarugendo. Guverinoma yashyize ingufu mu gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga binyuze mu gusoresha no kuvugurura ubukungu. Nikaragwa ifite umurage ndangamuco ukungahaye ku moko y'Abasangwabutaka kimwe n'ubukoloni bwa Esipanye. Amateka yarwo arimo ibihe byabakoloni munsi ya Espagne, hakurikiraho ibikorwa byubwigenge mu kinyejana cya 19. Umurage wibi bintu byamateka urashobora kuboneka mubwubatsi bwa Nikaragwa, ubuhanzi, umuziki, nubuvanganzo. N'ubwo mu bihe byose byabayeho mu ihungabana rya politiki, Nikaragwa yateye intambwe igaragara mu nzego z'ubuvuzi n'uburezi. Nyamara, umubare w’ubukene ukomeje kuba mwinshi kandi kubona serivisi z’ibanze birashobora kugarukira ku baturage bamwe bo mu cyaro. Ubukerarugendo muri Nikaragwa bwagiye bwiyongera bitewe n'ubwiza nyaburanga n'amahirwe y'ibidukikije. Abashyitsi barashobora gushakisha ibirunga nka Masaya cyangwa gutembera mu mashyamba yimvura atoshye yuzuyemo ibinyabuzima bitandukanye. Muri make, Nikaragwa ni igihugu kizwiho ibyiza nyaburanga, umuco wuzuye ushinze imizi gakondo gakondo hamwe n’ingaruka za Esipanye, ndetse no kongera ubushobozi bw’iterambere ry’ubukerarugendo nubwo hari ibibazo by’ubukungu.

Nikaragwa ni igihugu giherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, kandi ifaranga ryacyo rizwi nka Nikaragwa córdoba (NIO). Igipimo cy’ivunjisha kuri córdoba ya Nikaragwa ni hafi 1 USD kugeza 35 NIO. Ifaranga ryatangijwe mu 1912 kandi kuva ryanyuze mu buryo butandukanye. Mu myaka yacyo ya mbere, yari izwi nka zahabu córdoba, yahanahana ibiceri bya zahabu. Ariko, kubera ihungabana ry'ubukungu n'impinduka za politiki, ifaranga ryagize ihinduka rikomeye mugihe. Ifaranga ryabaye ikibazo gikomeye ku bukungu bwa Nikaragwa, biganisha ku guta agaciro kwinshi kwa córdoba ya Nikaragwa. Mu rwego rwo guhungabanya ubukungu, ingamba zitandukanye zashyizwe mu bikorwa n’inzego za Leta ndetse n’imiryango mpuzamahanga y’imari. Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, habayeho kugerageza kugena igipimo cy’ivunjisha no kugenzura urwego rw’ifaranga. Banki Nkuru ya Nikaragwa igira uruhare runini mu gucunga politiki y’ifaranga no kubungabunga umutekano muri gahunda y’imari y’igihugu. Mu myaka yashize, Nikaragwa yahuye n’ibibazo by’ubukungu kubera imvururu za politiki n’ibiza byibasiye ubukerarugendo n’ishoramari. Ibi byabaye byongeye kugira ingaruka kumafaranga yabo. Icyakora, hashyirwaho ingufu n’abashinzwe gufata ibyemezo mu gihugu ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ubukungu. Muri rusange, ni ngombwa ko abantu basura cyangwa bakora ubucuruzi muri Nikaragwa bakomeza kugezwaho amakuru ku gipimo cy’ivunjisha ririho mbere yo kwishora mu bikorwa by’imari bijyanye na córdobas ya Nikaragwa. Byongeye kandi, ni byiza kugisha inama banki zaho cyangwa abatanga amadovize azwi kugirango babone amakuru nyayo yerekeye igipimo cy’ivunjisha.

Ifaranga ryemewe rya Nikaragwa ni Nikaragwa córdoba (NIO). Kubijyanye no kugereranya igipimo cy’ivunjisha hamwe n’amafaranga akomeye ku isi, nyamuneka menya ko ibyo bishobora gutandukana kandi buri gihe birasabwa kugenzura hamwe nisoko yizewe. Ariko, guhera muri Nzeri 2021, dore igipimo cyagereranijwe cyo kuvunja: - 1 US $ (USD) ≈ 34.5 Nikaragwa córdobas (NIO) - 1 Euro (EUR) ≈ 40.7 Nikaragwa córdobas (NIO) - Pound 1 y'Abongereza (GBP) ≈ 47.4 Córdobas ya Nikaragwa (NIO) - Amadolari 1 y'Abanyakanada (CAD) ≈ 27.3 Nikaragwa córdobas (NIO) - Amadolari 1 ya Australiya (AUD) ≈ 25.2 Nikaragwa córdobas (NIO) Nyamuneka uzirikane ko ibi biciro bishobora guhinduka bitewe nibintu bitandukanye nkibihe byubukungu nihindagurika ryisoko.

Nikaragwa, igihugu cyibiyaga n’ibirunga, bizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi yumwaka. Iyi minsi mikuru igira uruhare runini mu kwerekana umuco ukungahaye mu gihugu, amateka, n'imigenzo. Kimwe mu birori byingenzi muri Nikaragwa ni umunsi wubwigenge ku ya 15 Nzeri. Uyu munsi mukuru wibukije ubwigenge bwa Nikaragwa muri Espagne mu 1821. Ibirori bitangira ibyumweru bike mbere y’imyigaragambyo yo gukunda igihugu, imitako yo ku mihanda, ndetse n’ibikorwa by’umuco byabereye mu gihugu hose. Ni igihe abanya Nikaragwa bateranira hamwe kugira ngo bubahirize umurage wabo binyuze mu muziki, mu mbyino, imurikagurisha ry’ibiribwa gakondo rizwi nka "ferias," no kwerekana imiriro. Ibirori nyamukuru bibera muri Managua aho parade nini yamanutse Avenida de Bolivar kwizihiza uyu munsi wingenzi. Undi munsi mukuru ukomeye ni Noheri (Navidad) ku ya 25 Ukuboza. Abanya Nikaragwa bategerezanyije amatsiko ibirori kandi batangira imyiteguro hakiri kare. Imiryango irimbisha amazu yabo amatara akomeye n'imitako mugihe abana bategerezanyije amatsiko impano za Santa Claus cyangwa "El Niño Dios." Umugenzo udasanzwe mugihe cya Noheri ni "La Griteria," irimo abantu bateranira mu gicuku bavuza induru ngo "Ninde wateje ibi byishimo byose? Mariya!" Igereranya gutangaza ivuka rya Yesu kristu kandi ikerekana intangiriro yiminsi mikuru ya Noheri. Semana Santa (Icyumweru gitagatifu) ni undi munsi mukuru ukomeye wizihizwa muri Nikaragwa ubusanzwe uba hagati ya Werurwe-Mata ukurikije amatariki ya Pasika. Muri iki kiruhuko cyicyumweru kibanziriza icyumweru cya Pasika, abagatolika bihaye Imana bitabira imyigaragambyo y’amadini yerekana urugendo rwa Yesu rwo kubambwa. Iyi myigaragambyo irashobora kugaragara mumijyi yose hamwe nabitabiriye bambaye nkabantu bavugwa muri Bibiliya nkabasirikare b'Abaroma na Yesu ubwe yitwaje imisaraba cyangwa amashusho agereranya ibintu bitandukanye bivuye ku bushake bwa Kristo. Usibye iyi minsi mikuru mikuru, mu bindi birori bizwi harimo umunsi mpuzamahanga w’abagore ku ya 8 Werurwe igihe abagore bubahwa muri sosiyete; Isabukuru ya Rubén Darío ku ya 18 Mutarama, yizihiza umusizi w’igihugu cya Nikaragwa; n'Intambara ya San Jacinto ku ya 14 Nzeri, twibuka intambara ikomeye mu rugamba rwo guharanira ubwigenge. Binyuze muri iyi minsi mikuru ikomeye, Abanyanikaragwa bishimira kwerekana umuco wabo, imigenzo, n'amateka yabo mugihe bashimangira imyumvire yabo y'igihugu n'ubumwe.

Nikaragwa nicyo gihugu kinini muri Amerika yo Hagati kandi gifite ubukungu butandukanye, ubucuruzi bugira uruhare runini. Nikaragwa mu byoherezwa mu mahanga harimo ibikomoka ku buhinzi nka kawa, inyama z'inka, isukari, itabi, ipamba, n'imbuto. Igihugu kizwiho gutanga ikawa nziza cyane kandi ni kimwe mu bihugu byohereza ikawa kama ku isi hose. Ibindi bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga birimo zahabu, ibiryo byo mu nyanja, urusenda, imyenda, n’ibicuruzwa by’uruhu. Amerika n’umufatanyabikorwa w’ibanze wa Nikaragwa. Itumiza ibicuruzwa byinshi muri Nikaragwa kandi ikora nk'ahantu nyaburanga twohereza ibicuruzwa muri Nikaragwa. Amerika itumiza cyane cyane ibikomoka ku buhinzi nka kawa n'inka muri Nikaragwa. Byongeye kandi, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byakozwe nkimyenda nabyo bitumizwa mu mahanga. Abandi bafatanyabikorwa bakomeye mu bucuruzi muri Nikaragwa barimo ibihugu byo mu karere ka Amerika yo Hagati nka El Salvador na Honduras. Ibi bihugu bigize amasezerano yubucuruzi menshi yubuntu harimo CAFTA-DR (Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’ubucuruzi muri Amerika yo Hagati na Dominikani). Kuba umunyamuryango muri aya masezerano bituma habaho amahirwe yo kubona amasoko muri Amerika ya Ruguru. Ubushinwa nabwo bwabaye umukinnyi ukomeye mu bucuruzi bwa Nikaragwa mu myaka yashize. Ishoramari ry’Abashinwa ryatumye imishinga y’ibikorwa remezo yiyongera muri iki gihugu nk’imihanda n’ibyambu mu gihe hajyaho amahirwe mashya yo kohereza mu Bushinwa. Nubwo iyi nzira igenda itera imbere mu bucuruzi, birakwiye ko tumenya ko ihungabana rya politiki rishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibanire mpuzamahanga nyuma bikagira ingaruka ku mibanire y’ubucuruzi. Byongeye kandi, ibibazo byimbere mu gihugu nkibipimo byubukene birashobora kubangamira iterambere ry’ubukungu harimo n’ishoramari ry’amahanga rishobora kugira ingaruka ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga burimo Nikaragwa. Muri rusange naho, Nikaragwa ikomeje guteza imbere umubano w’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ishakisha amasoko mashya haba mu kohereza ibicuruzwa byabo bishingiye ku buhinzi bikomoka ku buhinzi mu gihe harebwa uburyo bwo kuzamura inganda zabyo binyuze mu gukurura amahirwe y’ishoramari ry’amahanga bigatuma ubukungu bwiyongera bugirira akamaro abaturage bayo. Mu gusoza arag Nikaragwa ikomeje umubano ukomeye n’ibihugu nka Amerika, abaturanyi bo muri Amerika yo Hagati, n’Ubushinwa. Ibyo bibandaho ni uguteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga cyane cyane umusaruro w’ubuhinzi bwabo mu gihe bashakisha inzira zishaka ishoramari ritaziguye ryafasha mu kuzamura inganda z’inganda.

Nikaragwa, iherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, ifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu zingenzi zigaragaza ubushobozi bwa Nikaragwa: 1. Ahantu hateganijwe: Nikaragwa ifite umwanya wingenzi ushobora kuba irembo ryubucuruzi bugamije kwagura ibikorwa byabo muri Amerika y'Epfo na Karayibe. Kuba hafi y’amasoko akomeye nka Amerika ya Ruguru no kugera ku nyanja ya pasifika binyuze ku nkombe nini zayo bituma iba ahantu heza h’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. 2. Ikirere cyiza cy’ishoramari: Igihugu gishishikariza cyane ishoramari ry’amahanga mu gutanga imisoro, guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’ubuntu, no gushyira mu bikorwa politiki y’ubucuruzi. Ibi bikurura ibigo mpuzamahanga bishakisha aho bikorera bihendutse cyangwa amahirwe yo gushora imari. 3. Umutungo Kamere ukize: Nikaragwa ifite umutungo mwinshi ushobora kuvugururwa harimo ubuhinzi, amashyamba, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, n'uburobyi butanga amahirwe yo kuzamuka mu mahanga. Ibicuruzwa nka kawa, isukari, imyenda, ibikomoka ku nyanja (shrimp), amabuye y'agaciro (zahabu), n'ibiti bifite isoko ryiza mu mahanga. 4. Gutezimbere Ibikorwa Remezo: Nikaragwa ishora imari cyane mugutezimbere ibikorwa remezo byubwikorezi nkumuhanda wa gari ya moshi, ibyambu (urugero, Porto Corinto) gari ya moshi (urugero, Umuyoboro munini wa Interoceanic), ibibuga byindege kugirango bitezimbere umubano nisi yose byorohereza ibikorwa byiza byo gutumiza / kohereza hanze . 5. Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi: Nikaragwa yashyize umukono ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu afasha kubona isoko ku byoherezwa mu mahanga nka CAFTA-DR itanga amahirwe yo kugera ku masoko yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru & Hagati yo kuzamura ubukungu binyuze mu kongera ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. 6. Ubukerarugendo bushoboka: Ubwiza nyaburanga bwa Nikaragwa hamwe n’ahantu nyaburanga nko ku nyanja zitangaje ku nkombe zombi (Inyanja ya Karayibe n’inyanja ya pasifika), ibirunga birimo ikiyaga cya Managua & Ikiyaga cya Nikaragwa bituma habaho ubukerarugendo butera imbere mu bukungu bitewe n’abasura buri mwaka bakeneye serivisi / ibicuruzwa biva mu karere. ubucuruzi. Icyakora, muri ibyo bishoboka hashobora kubaho imbogamizi nko guhungabana kwa politiki cyangwa igipimo cy’ibyaha bisaba uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga ingaruka z’amasosiyete y’amahanga atekereza kwinjira mu isoko rya Nikaragwa gukora isuzuma ryitondewe rikenewe mbere yo kwishora mu bucuruzi hano.

Kugirango umenye ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe cyane ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwa Nikaragwa, hari ibintu byinshi bigomba kwitabwaho. Hafi yabaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 6 nubukungu bugenda bwiyongera, Nikaragwa itanga amahirwe kubicuruzwa bitandukanye kugirango bitere imbere. Dore uko guhitamo ibicuruzwa bishobora kugerwaho: 1. Gusesengura imigendekere yisoko: Kora ubushakashatsi ku masoko agezweho muri Nikaragwa mu rwego rwo gutumiza / kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kugirango umenye ibyiciro by’ibicuruzwa bizwi. Ibi birashobora kwiga kwiga imibare yubucuruzi, kugisha inama raporo zinganda, no gusesengura imyitwarire yabaguzi. 2. Reba ibyifuzo byaho: Suzuma ibikenewe kubicuruzwa byihariye muri Nikaragwa ubwayo. Menya ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi bigenda mu baguzi baho nuburyo bihuza nubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. 3. Wibande ku bicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi: Nikaragwa ifite urwego rukomeye rw’ubuhinzi kandi izwiho ikawa, inyama z’inka, ibikomoka ku mata, itabi, imbuto (nk'imineke), n'imboga (harimo n'ibishyimbo). Ibicuruzwa byubuhinzi bifite amahirwe menshi yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kubera ubwiza nubwinshi. 4. Shakisha Umutungo Kamere: Koresha umutungo kamere wa Nikaragwa nk'ibiti, amabuye y'agaciro (zahabu na feza), ibikomoka ku nyanja / uburobyi (lobsters, shrimp) muguhitamo ibicuruzwa. 5. Ibisubizo by’ingufu zisubirwamo: Nkigihugu cyita ku bidukikije kigamije kongera ingufu zikoreshwa mu kongera ingufu mu 2030, hari amahirwe menshi yo gutumiza mu mahanga ajyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zisukuye nka panneaux solaire cyangwa turbine. 6.Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije: Hamwe no kurushaho kumenyekanisha ibijyanye no kuramba no kubungabunga ibidukikije ku isi ndetse no muri Nicoaragua ubwayo., Tekereza guhitamo ibintu nkibikoresho bipakira ibinyabuzima / ibikoresho cyangwa imyenda kama byita cyane cyane kuri iki gice cyisoko ryiza? 7.Ibicuruzwa ndangamurage ndangamuco: Ubukorikori bwakozwe nabanyabukorikori baho burashobora kandi kubona abaguzi mu mahanga bashima ubuhanzi kavukire budasanzwe bwumuco wa Nikaragwa - kubwibyo gutanga inkunga kubikorwa byubucuruzi bwiza bishobora kugirira akamaro 8.Amahirwe yo Gukora: Kwitabira imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga cyangwa kwitabira ibikorwa byo guhuza ibikorwa bifitanye isano n’amasoko y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ya Nikaragwa aho ushobora gushiraho amasano, gusuzuma ibyifuzo by’isoko no gusuzuma ibicuruzwa bishobora koherezwa mu mahanga. Wibuke ko gukora ubushakashatsi bunoze, gusobanukirwa ibikenewe ku isoko, no gutekereza ku byifuzo by’ibanze ni intambwe zingenzi mu guhitamo neza ibicuruzwa ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rya Nikaragwa.

Nikaragwa ni igihugu cyo muri Amerika yo Hagati kizwiho umurage gakondo w’umuco, ahantu nyaburanga, ndetse no kwakira abashyitsi. Muri rusange, Nikaragwa ni urugwiro kandi yakira abashyitsi, bigatuma iba ahantu heza h'abagenzi bashaka kwibonera imvano idasanzwe y'imigenzo kavukire hamwe n’ubukoloni bwa Esipanye. Kimwe mu bintu biranga abakiriya ba Nikaragwa ni urukundo rwabo rwo guhahirana. Gutombora ibiciro biramenyerewe kumasoko yaho, abacuruzi bo mumuhanda, hamwe nubucuruzi buto. Kuganira ibiciro birashobora kugaragara nkigice gisanzwe cyibikorwa byo kugura kandi akenshi biteganijwe. Ariko, mugihe ukorana nabacuruzi binini cyangwa ibigo byo hejuru, guhuzagurika ntibishobora gushimwa cyangwa gufatwa nkibikwiye. Ikindi kiranga abakiriya ba Nikaragwa ni uguhitamo umubano bwite mubucuruzi. Kubaka ikizere no gushiraho amasano ni ngombwa mubucuruzi bwaho. Birasanzwe ko ibikorwa byinshi bishingiye kumibanire yabanjirije cyangwa ibyifuzo byabantu bizewe. Ku bijyanye na kirazira cyangwa ubukangurambaga bw’umuco ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ukorana nabakiriya ba Nikaragwa, ni ngombwa kwirinda kuganira kuri politiki keretse utumiwe kubikora. Ingingo za politiki zirashobora kumvikana kubera amateka y’igihugu cy’imyivumbagatanyo ya politiki n’amacakubiri mu baturage bayo. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kubahiriza imigenzo n'imico byaho mugihe cyo gukorana nabakiriya. Kurugero, kubahiriza igihe ntibishobora kubahirizwa byimazeyo muri Nikaragwa ugereranije nindi mico aho gutinda bishobora kugaragara nkicyubahiro. Kwihangana no guhinduka bihabwa agaciro iyo ukora ubucuruzi muri iki gihugu. Muri rusange, gusobanukirwa ibiranga abakiriya ba Nikaragwa bikubiyemo kumenya urukundo rwabo rwo guhahirana no gukomeza umubano wumwuga ushingiye ku kwizerana no kubahana. Kuzirikana imigenzo yaho bizafasha kwemeza imikoranire myiza nabakiriya muri Nikaragwa.

Nikaragwa, iherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, ifite amabwiriza ya gasutamo n'uburyo bwo gucunga imipaka yayo. Kugirango habeho kwinjira neza cyangwa gusohoka mu gihugu, abagenzi bagomba kuzirikana bimwe mubitekerezo. Ubwa mbere, iyo winjiye muri Nikaragwa, pasiporo irasabwa kandi igomba kuba ifite nibura amezi atandatu irenze iyo yagenewe. Abaturage baturuka mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bashobora gukenera kubona viza mbere yo kuhagera, mu gihe abaturage bo mu bindi bihugu bashobora kubona ikarita y’ubukerarugendo iyo binjiye ku giciro. Ku bijyanye n’ibintu bishobora kuzanwa mu gihugu nta musoro, ba mukerarugendo bemerewe kuzana ibintu byabo nk'imyenda n'ibikoresho bya elegitoronike kugira ngo babikoreshe ku giti cyabo. Icyakora, hari amategeko abuza kuzana imbunda n'amasasu muri Nikaragwa nta byangombwa biboneye. Ni ngombwa kandi kumenya ko ibikomoka ku buhinzi bimwe na bimwe bigengwa n’amabwiriza. Kugira ngo hatabaho kwanduza udukoko cyangwa indwara z’amahanga zishobora kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bya Nikaragwa cyangwa inganda z’ubuhinzi, imbuto, imboga, imbuto cyangwa ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ibimera ntigomba kwinjizwa mu gihugu utabanje kubiherwa uruhushya. Ku bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Nikaragwa, hashobora no kubuzwa gufata ibihangano bimwe na bimwe by’umuco cyangwa ibicuruzwa by’ibinyabuzima bigenda byangirika nk’inzovu. Birasabwa cyane ko abagenzi bagisha inama abategetsi ba Nikaragwa mbere niba bateganya kohereza ibicuruzwa bibujijwe. Byongeye kandi, abantu bagenda bafite amafaranga menshi (arenga $ 10 000) bagomba kubitangaza bageze muri Nikaragwa. Kutabikora bishobora kuvamo abashinzwe za gasutamo. Muri rusange, nibyiza ko abagenzi binjira cyangwa bava muri Nikaragwa gukora ubushakashatsi kuri gasutamo mbere yurugendo rwabo kandi bakubahiriza amabwiriza yose akurikizwa. Ibi bizafasha kumenya uburambe ku kibazo cy’umupaka wa Nikaragwa mu gihe hubahirizwa amategeko y’igihugu ndetse n’ingamba zo kurengera ibidukikije. (inyandiko ivuguruye)

Nikaragwa ni igihugu giherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati cyashyize mu bikorwa politiki y’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Igihugu gishyiraho imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa n'ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byazanywe ku butaka bwayo. Igipimo cy’imisoro yatumijwe muri Nikaragwa kiratandukanye bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ibiciro birashobora kuva kuri 0% kugeza 40%, hamwe nimpuzandengo ya 16%. Iyi misoro ikoreshwa mubikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa byarangiye, harimo ibicuruzwa byubuhinzi, imashini, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibinyabiziga, n’ibicuruzwa by’imyenda. Nikaragwa yashyizeho kandi politiki yihariye yo guteza imbere inzego zimwe z'ubukungu bwayo binyuze mu gutanga imisoro ku buryo bworoshye. Kurugero, guverinoma itanga imbaraga zo guteza imbere imishinga y’ingufu zishobora kugabanuka cyangwa kugabanya imisoro ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bijyanye n’uru rwego. Byongeye kandi, Nikaragwa yashyize mu bikorwa amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu n’ibindi bihugu n’uturere hagamijwe kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho imisoro ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’abafatanyabikorwa. Amasezerano akomeye ni amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’ubucuruzi muri Amerika yo Hagati na Dominikani (CAFTA-DR), ateza imbere ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu byitabiriye kugabanya inzitizi no korohereza isoko. Ni ngombwa ko ubucuruzi butumiza ibicuruzwa muri Nikaragwa kumenya iyi politiki y’imisoro kuko bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku kubara ibiciro no guhangana. Isosiyete igomba kugisha inama ubuyobozi bwa gasutamo cyangwa gushaka inama zumwuga mbere yo kwishora mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga burimo amasoko ya Nikaragwa. Muri rusange, politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe muri Nikaragwa igira uruhare runini mu kugenzura ibicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu ari nako ishyigikira inganda zo mu gihugu no kuzamura ubukungu.

Nikaragwa, nk'igihugu kiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, yashyize mu bikorwa politiki zitandukanye z’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ubukungu bwayo no guteza imbere ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Izi politiki z’imisoro zigamije gushimangira ibyoherezwa mu mahanga no gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga mu gihe ubukungu bwiyongera. Ubwa mbere, Nikaragwa itanga imisoro myinshi kubohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Igihugu gitanga ubusonerwe cyangwa kugabanya imisoro ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa n’inganda zifatwa nk’ingamba z’iterambere ry’igihugu. Ibi birimo ibikomoka ku buhinzi nka kawa, ibitoki, isukari, n’ibikomoka ku nyanja, bifite akamaro kanini mu bukungu bw’igihugu. Byongeye kandi, Nikaragwa ikora mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye n’ibihugu byinshi binyuze mu masezerano y’ibihugu byombi cyangwa byinshi. Aya masezerano akuraho cyangwa kugabanya imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bigurishwa hagati y’ibihugu by’abafatanyabikorwa. Kurugero, Repubulika ya Dominikani-Amerika yo Hagati-Amerika Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu (CAFTA-DR) yemerera kwinjira ku musoro ku isoko ry’Amerika ku bicuruzwa byinshi bya Nikaragwa. Byongeye kandi, Nikaragwa ishishikariza ishoramari ritaziguye ritanga imisoro no gusonerwa ibicuruzwa biva mu ishoramari biva mu bucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwigenga (FTZ). Ibigo bikorera muri izi FTZ byishimira inyungu nko gusonerwa burundu imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga n’indi misoro ijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Guverinoma ya Nikaragwa iratanga kandi ingamba zo gushyigikira iterambere ry’inganda zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Ibi bikubiyemo gahunda zifasha amafaranga zitera inkunga yo gutwara abantu zijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Izi nkunga zifasha kugabanya igiciro rusange cyoherezwa mubucuruzi bukorera muri Nikaragwa. Muri rusange, politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ya Nikaragwa yashyizweho hagamijwe gushyiraho uburyo bwiza ku bucuruzi bukora ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Mu gutanga uburyo bwo gushimangira no gusonerwa ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa n’inganda mu gihe biteza imbere ubufatanye bw’ubukungu binyuze mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu ndetse na FTZ, guverinoma igamije kuzamura ubukungu bwayo mu guteza imbere ishoramari rikomeye ry’amahanga no kongera umusaruro w’igihugu binyuze mu kwagura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.

Nikaragwa ni igihugu giherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, kizwiho ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byoherezwa mu mahanga n'inganda. Mu rwego rwo kwemeza ubuziranenge n'umutekano by'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, Nikaragwa yashyize mu bikorwa ibyemezo bitandukanye byoherezwa mu mahanga. Kimwe mu byemezo byingenzi bisabwa muri Nikaragwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ni Icyemezo cy'inkomoko. Iyi nyandiko yemeza ko ibicuruzwa byoherejwe hanze byakorewe cyangwa byakorewe muri Nikaragwa. Itanga amakuru yingenzi kubyerekeye inkomoko yibicuruzwa kandi irashobora gushiramo ibisobanuro nkibikorwa byabo byo gukora, ibikoresho byakoreshejwe, nibindi bisobanuro bijyanye. Byongeye kandi, Nikaragwa isaba kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kubona icyemezo cya Phytosanitarite ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe by’ubuhinzi. Iki cyemezo cyemeza ko ibimera n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bitarangwamo ibyonnyi, indwara, cyangwa ibinyabuzima byose byangiza bishobora guteza ingaruka ku bidukikije by’ibindi bihugu cyangwa mu buhinzi. Ikindi cyemezo gikomeye kuri ibyoherezwa muri Nikaragwa ni uburenganzira bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga (SEA). Iki cyemezo cyemeza ko ibiribwa byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga n’ubuzima. SEA iremeza ko nta bintu byangiza cyangwa ibihumanya biboneka muri ibyo biribwa ugenzura neza imikorere yabyo n'ibikorwa byabo. Byongeye kandi, ibyemezo bimwe na bimwe bijyanye ninganda birashobora gukenerwa bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze. Kurugero, imyenda igenewe amasoko akomeye nku Burayi cyangwa Amerika ya ruguru akenshi bisaba kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga nka Organic Exchange Certificat cyangwa Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS) Icyemezo cyo kugenzura imikorere yimyenda mvaruganda. Izi mpamyabumenyi zohereza mu mahanga zifite uruhare runini mu gukomeza izina rya Nikaragwa nk'umufatanyabikorwa wizewe mu bucuruzi. Batanga icyizere ku bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga ibijyanye n'ubwiza n'umutekano by'ibicuruzwa bya Nikaragwa mu gihe bakurikiza amabwiriza mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi. Ni ngombwa ko abatumiza mu mahanga bakurikiza byimazeyo ibyo basabwa kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka mu gihe byunguka amahirwe menshi yo kubona isoko.

Nikaragwa, iherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, itanga inyungu nyinshi mu bucuruzi na ba rwiyemezamirimo bashaka gushinga imiyoboro yabo mu karere. Hano hari ibintu by'ingenzi bituma Nikaragwa iba ahantu heza ho gukorera ibikorwa: 1. Ahantu hateganijwe: Hagati ya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Amajyepfo, Nikaragwa ikora nk'isano ikomeye hagati yiyi migabane yombi. Yunguka ku nyanja ya Atalantika na Pasifika, itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona inzira nini zoherezwa mu mahanga. 2. Iterambere ry'Ibikorwa Remezo: Mu myaka yashize, Nikaragwa yashora imari ikomeye mu iterambere ry'ibikorwa remezo. Ibi birimo kunoza imiyoboro y’imihanda, kwagura ibyambu nka Corinto na Porto Sandino ku nkombe ya pasifika, no kubaka umuyoboro mushya uhuza inkombe zombi. Iterambere ryongera ubwikorezi no guhuza. 3. Ahantu h’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye: Nikaragwa yashyizeho uduce twinshi tw’ubucuruzi ku buntu mu gihugu hose kugira ngo ikurura ishoramari ry’amahanga kandi iteze imbere inganda zishingiye ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Izi zone zitanga imisoro, uburyo bwa gasutamo bworoshe, nibindi byiza kubikorwa bya logistique. 4. Ibiciro byo guhiganwa: Ugereranije n’ibihugu bituranye nka Costa Rica cyangwa Panama, Nikaragwa itanga amafaranga make y’umurimo n’amafaranga yo gukora mu gihe ikomeza ubuziranenge. Ibi bituma ihitamo neza kubigo bishakisha ibisubizo byingirakamaro. 5. Abakozi bafite ubumenyi: Nikaragwa ifite abakozi bato bafite umushahara muto ugereranije nibindi bihugu byo mukarere. Kuboneka kwabakozi bafite ubuhanga butuma hakorwa neza imirimo itandukanye nkibikorwa byububiko cyangwa gucunga ibarura. 6. Inkunga ya Guverinoma: Guverinoma ya Nikaragwa ishyigikiye byimazeyo ishoramari ry’amahanga ritanga uburyo bwo gusonerwa imisoro ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga ku mashini n'ibikoresho bikenerwa mu bikorwa byo gutanga ibikoresho. 7.Umutekano n’umutekano: Hamwe n’imiterere ya politiki ihamye mu myaka yashize hamwe n’ibipimo by’ibyaha bike ugereranije n’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bituranye, Nikaragwa itanga ibidukikije bifite umutekano mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi harimo n’ibijyanye n’ibikoresho. 8.Ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu: Nikaragwa yakoresheje ingufu zayo zishobora kuvugururwa binyuze mu murima w’umuyaga, imishinga y’izuba n'ibindi. Kuboneka ingufu nyinshi zisukuye bigabanya ibiciro byakazi kandi binateza imbere imbaraga zirambye mubikorwa bya logistique. Muri make, Nikaragwa itanga ubucuruzi na ba rwiyemezamirimo inyungu zifatika mubijyanye n’aho biherereye, iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo, ibiciro by’ipiganwa, abakozi bafite ubumenyi, inkunga ya leta, umutekano & umutekano ndetse no gukoresha ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu. Izi ngingo zituma iba ahantu heza ho gushinga ibikorwa byiza muri Amerika yo Hagati.

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Nikaragwa ni igihugu gikomeye muri Amerika yo Hagati gitanga amahirwe menshi mu bucuruzi n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Igihugu gifite imiyoboro minini y’amasoko kandi cyakira imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha byinshi. 1. Ahantu h’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye: Nikaragwa ifite uduce twinshi twubucuruzi (FTZ) zitanga uburyo bushimishije kumasosiyete mpuzamahanga ashaka gushinga ibikorwa byo gukora cyangwa gukwirakwiza. Izi FTZ, nka Zona Franca Pacifica, Zona Franca Astro Nicaragua, na Zona Franca Las Mercedes, zitanga ibihe byiza byubucuruzi bifite inyungu zumusoro kandi byorohereza inzira za gasutamo. 2. Ihuriro rya e-ubucuruzi: Hamwe niterambere rya e-ubucuruzi kwisi yose, ubucuruzi bwa Nikaragwa burashobora kubona urubuga rutandukanye rwa interineti kugirango ruhuze nabaguzi kwisi. Imbuga nka Amazone, eBay, Alibaba, na B2B nka Global Sources zitanga ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa muri Nikaragwa amahirwe yo kugera kubakiriya benshi. 3. ProNicaragua: ProNicaragua nicyo kigo cyigihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ishoramari gishinzwe gukurura ishoramari ritaziguye (FDI) mu gihugu. Ifasha abashobora gushora imari mugutanga amakuru kumahirwe yisoko, koroshya kumenyekanisha ubucuruzi, gutanga amakuru ashimangira ishoramari, no gufasha mugushiraho ubufatanye bufatika. 4. Ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Managua: Kuba irembo ryambere rya Nikaragwa binyuze mu ngendo z’indege, Ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Managua ni umuyoboro w’ingenzi mu gusura abaguzi mpuzamahanga kugira ngo barebe amahirwe yo gutanga amasoko mu gihugu. 5. Imurikagurisha ry’inganda za Expica: Imurikagurisha ry’inganda nimwe mu bucuruzi bukomeye bwa Nikaragwa bwerekana iterambere ry’inganda mu nzego zitandukanye nk'imashini zikoreshwa mu buhinzi n'ibikoresho, ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi n'ikoranabuhanga n'ibindi. Ibi birori bitanga urubuga rwibigo byigihugu ndetse n’amahanga kugirango berekane ibicuruzwa / serivisi no guteza imbere ubucuruzi. 6. Expo Apen: Expo Apen niyindi murikagurisha ryubucuruzi ryateguwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’abatunganya ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa muri Nikaragwa (APEN). Iri murika ryibanda ku kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa bya Nikaragwa mu nzego zose nk'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa birimo ikawa & umusaruro wa kakao / kugurisha; imyenda & imyenda; ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu & tekinoroji isukuye, nibindi. Itanga inama yinama kubohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nabaguzi mpuzamahanga. 7. Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya Nikaragwa (FENICA): FENICA ni imurikagurisha ngarukamwaka rikorwa muri Managua rihuza ubucuruzi bw’ibanze ndetse n’amahanga kugira ngo berekane ibicuruzwa na serivisi mu nganda zitandukanye nk'ubuhinzi, ubwubatsi, imodoka, ikoranabuhanga, n'ibindi. Igamije kuzamura umubano w’ubucuruzi hagati y’abacuruzi bo muri Nikaragwa n’amasosiyete y’amahanga. 8. Ibikorwa byo guhuza ibikorwa: Ibikorwa bitandukanye byo guhuza ibikorwa byateguwe muri Nikaragwa hagamijwe guhuza abatanga isoko nabaguzi mpuzamahanga. Ibi birori bitanga urubuga rwo guhura imbona nkubone, amahirwe yo guhuza abakinyi binganda, guteza imbere ubufatanye. Mu gusoza, Nikaragwa itanga inzira nyinshi zingenzi mu gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga, harimo Ubucuruzi bw’Ubucuruzi, Ubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi, ibigo biteza imbere ishoramari nka ProNicaragua hamwe no kwakira imurikagurisha rikomeye ry’imurikagurisha ry’inganda, Expo Apen, na FENICA. Izi nzira zigira uruhare mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu mu gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga no korohereza ubufatanye mu bucuruzi haba ku rwego rw’igihugu ndetse no ku isi.

Imashini zishakisha

Muri Nikaragwa, moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa zisa nizikoreshwa kwisi yose. Dore zimwe muri moteri zishakisha zizwi cyane muri Nikaragwa hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Google (https://www.google.com.ni) - Google niyo moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane muri Nikaragwa ndetse no ku isi yose. Itanga urubuga rwuzuye kandi rworohereza abakoresha kubwoko bwose bw'ishakisha. 2. Bing (https://www.bing.com) - Bing niyindi moteri ishakisha izwi cyane itanga urubuga, amashusho, amashusho, hamwe no gushakisha ikarita. 3. Yahoo! (https://search.yahoo.com) - Yahoo! itanga serivisi zitandukanye zirimo gushakisha kurubuga, amakuru, imeri, nibindi byinshi. 4. DuckDuckGo (https://duckduckgo.com) - DuckDuckGo izwiho kuba yibanda ku buzima bwite kandi isezeranya kutazakurikirana ibikorwa by'abakoresha cyangwa gukusanya amakuru bwite. 5. Yandex (https://yandex.com/) - Nubwo ahanini ishingiye ku Burusiya, Yandex itanga uburambe bwishakisha bwizewe hamwe nibintu bitandukanye nk'amashusho no gushakisha amakuru. 6. Ecosia (https://www.ecosia.org/) - Ecosia nubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije bukoresha amafaranga yinjiza mugutera ibiti kwisi yose mugihe butanga ubushakashatsi bwizewe icyarimwe. 7. Baza.com (http://www.ask.com/) - Baza.com yemerera abakoresha kubaza ibibazo byihariye cyangwa gukoresha ijambo ryibanze kugirango batange ibisubizo bijyanye. Izi ni ingero nkeya za moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa muri Nikaragwa; icyakora, ni ngombwa kumenya ko abantu nabo bashobora kugira ibyo bahitamo kubindi bibuga byaho cyangwa niche yihariye ukurikije ibyo bakeneye cyangwa inyungu zabo.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Nikaragwa, iherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, ifite Ububiko bwinshi bw'Umuhondo bushobora kuba ingirakamaro mu gushaka ubucuruzi na serivisi. Hano hari bimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi hamwe na aderesi zabo kurubuga: 1. Paginas Amarillas Nikaragwa (Urupapuro rw'umuhondo Nikaragwa) Urubuga: https://www.paginasamarillas.com.ni/ Ubu ni bumwe mu bubiko buzwi cyane bw'Umuhondo muri Nikaragwa. Itanga urutonde rwuzuye rwubucuruzi na serivisi zitandukanye mumijyi itandukanye. 2. Directorio Telefónico de Nikaragwa (Ubuyobozi bwa terefone ya Nikaragwa) Urubuga: http://www.tododirectorio.com.ni/ Ubu bubiko butanga urutonde runini rwamakuru yumuntu kubantu nubucuruzi muri Nikaragwa. 3. Ciudad Ortega Urubuga: https://ciudadortega.com/ Nubwo atari ububiko bwurupapuro rwumuhondo gusa, Ciudad Ortega ikubiyemo amakuru yingirakamaro kubucuruzi bwaho, amakuru arambuye, hamwe nibisobanuro. 4. MiPymes Kumurongo Urubuga: https://mipymesonlinenic.blogspot.com/ Ubu bubiko bwa interineti bwibanze cyane cyane ku mishinga mito n'iciriritse (SMEs) muri Nikaragwa. 5. NicaNet Urubuga: https://www.nicanet.net/ Uru rubuga rukora nk'ubucuruzi butanga amakuru ku nganda zitandukanye zirimo kwakira abashyitsi, inganda, ibigo by'ubukerarugendo n'ibindi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko imbuga za interineti mpuzamahanga z'umuhondo zishobora no kugira urutonde rwa Nikaragwa niba ushaka amasosiyete mpuzamahanga akorera mu gihugu. Wibuke gukoresha ububiko bwitondewe nkuko imbuga zishobora guhinduka cyangwa izindi nshya zishobora kugaragara mugihe - burigihe ugenzura inkomoko yizewe mbere yo gufata ibyemezo cyangwa imibonano ishingiye kumakuru yatanzwe.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Nikaragwa ni igihugu giherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, kandi nubwo kizwiho ubwiza nyaburanga n'ubukerarugendo, urwego rwa e-ubucuruzi ruracyatera imbere. Hano muri Nikaragwa hari imiyoboro mike ya e-ubucuruzi ijyanye no kugura kumurongo. Hano hari bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi bya e-ubucuruzi hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Bendito Extranjero (https://benditoextranjero.com.ni): Uru rubuga rutanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho by'imyambarire, nibindi byinshi. 2. Olx Nikaragwa (https://www.olx.com.ni): Olx ni urubuga rwo kwamamaza rwashyizwe kumurongo aho abantu bashobora kugura no kugurisha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byakoreshejwe cyangwa bishya nkibinyabiziga, imitungo itimukanwa, ibikoresho, nibindi bicuruzwa byabaguzi . 3. Fungura isoko Nikaragwa (https://openmarket.com.ni): Isoko rifunguye ritanga isoko kumurongo kubucuruzi kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo kubaguzi. Itanga ibyiciro bitandukanye birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imyambaro, ibicuruzwa byiza, ibikoresho byo murugo, nibindi byinshi. 4. Tiendas Max (http://www.tiendasmax.com): Tiendas Max ni umwe mu minyururu minini yo kugurisha muri Nikaragwa hamwe n'amaduka agaragara mu gihugu hose. Batanga kandi urubuga rwa interineti aho abakiriya bashobora kureba mubintu bitandukanye nka elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni, ibikinisho cyangwa ibikoresho. 5. Mercadolibre Nikaragwa (https://www.mercadolibre.com.ni): Mercadolibre ikora nk'isoko rya interineti rihuza abaguzi n'abagurisha muri Amerika y'Epfo harimo na Nikaragwa. Abakoresha barashobora kubona ibicuruzwa byinshi biva mubyiciro bitandukanye nka elegitoroniki, ibintu by'imyambarire kimwe na serivisi nka tike cyangwa urutonde rwimitungo itimukanwa. Nyamuneka menya ko mugihe izi mbuga zizwiho gutanga ibisubizo bya e-ubucuruzi muri Nikaragwa, urugero rwibitambo byabo rushobora gutandukana kurubuga. Buri gihe ni ngombwa kugenzura ibicuruzwa biboneka, uburyo bwo kohereza mu gihugu mbere yo kugura ibyo ari byo byose. Byongeye kandi, imiterere ya e-ubucuruzi ya Nikaragwa iragenda itera imbere, byaba byiza rero uhanze amaso urubuga rushya rushobora kuvuka mu minsi ya vuba.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Nikaragwa, iherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati, ifite imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane zikoreshwa n'abenegihugu. Dore zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa cyane muri Nikaragwa: 1. Facebook: Facebook irazwi cyane muri Nikaragwa kandi ikora nk'urubuga runini rwo guhuza inshuti n'umuryango, gusangira amakuru n'amafoto, no guhuza amatsinda cyangwa ibirori. Urashobora kwinjira kuri Facebook kuri www.facebook.com. 2. WhatsApp: WhatsApp ni porogaramu yohereza ubutumwa yemerera abakoresha kohereza ubutumwa bugufi, guhamagara amajwi cyangwa videwo, gusangira amadosiye menshi, no gukora ibiganiro mu matsinda. Iraboneka gukuramo kuri terefone zigendanwa kandi irashobora kuboneka ukoresheje mushakisha y'urubuga kuri www.whatsapp.com. 3. Twitter: Twitter nayo ikoreshwa muri Nikaragwa nkurubuga rwa microblogging aho abakoresha bashobora kohereza ubutumwa bugufi bwitwa tweet. Abakoresha bakunze gusangira amakuru agezweho, ibitekerezo byawe, amafoto, cyangwa guhuza ingingo zishimishije. Urashobora kwiyandikisha cyangwa kugera kuri Twitter kuri www.twitter.com. 4. Instagram: Instagram ni urubuga rushingiye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ruzwi cyane muri Nikaragwa kubera gusangira amafoto na videwo n'abayoboke babo. Abantu barayikoresha kugirango berekane ibihangano byabo cyangwa bandike ibintu byingenzi mubuzima bwabo. Sura kuri www.instagram.com kugirango winjire kuri Instagram. 5. LinkedIn: LinkedIn ikora nkurubuga rwumwuga aho abanyamwuga bo muri Nikaragwa bahuza nabakozi ndetse nabakoresha akazi mugihe berekana ubuhanga nubushobozi bwabo kumwirondoro wabo. Kora konti cyangwa winjire kuri LinkedIn kuri www.linkedin.com. 6.TikTok: TikTok imaze kwamamara kwisi yose harimo na Nikaragwa mumyaka yashize kubera kwibanda kuri videwo ngufi zakozwe nabakoresha zikunze kugaragaramo indirimbo cyangwa inzira zizwi. Kwinjira muri TikTok urashobora gusura www.tiktok.com 7.Skype: Skype ni urubuga rwitumanaho rufasha abakoresha guhamagara amajwi, kuganira kuri videwo hagati ya mudasobwa, tableti, imbuga nkoranyambaga nibindi. Injira Skype usura https://www.skype.com/ Izi ni zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa n'abantu bo muri Nikaragwa mu gusabana, gutumanaho, no gusangira amakuru. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko gukundwa kwimbuga rusange zishobora guhinduka mugihe, bityo rero birasabwa buri gihe kugenzura amakuru agezweho.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Nikaragwa, igihugu cyo muri Amerika yo Hagati, gifite amashyirahamwe akomeye y’inganda ahagarariye inzego zitandukanye. Dore bamwe muribo hamwe na aderesi zabo kurubuga: 1. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi na serivisi rwa Nikaragwa (Cámara de Comercio y Servicios de Nikaragwa) Urubuga: http://www.ccs.org.ni/ Iri shyirahamwe riteza imbere ubucuruzi na serivisi muri Nikaragwa. 2. Ishyirahamwe rya Nikaragwa ryaba producer nabatumiza hanze (Asociación de Productores y Exportadores de Nikaragwa) Urubuga: http://www.apen.org.ni/ APEN ihagarariye abayikora n'abasohoka muri Nikaragwa, igamije kuzamura ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’urwego rwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga. 3. Ishyirahamwe ryigihugu ryibigo byigenga (Consejo Superior de la Empresa Privada) Urubuga: https://www.cosep.org.ni/ COSEP ihagarariye ibigo byigenga muri Nikaragwa, byunganira politiki ishyigikira izamuka ry'ubukungu. 4. Urugereko rw’ubukerarugendo rwa Nikaragwa (Cámara Nacional de Turismo de Nikaragwa) Urubuga: https://canatur-nicaragua.com/) Urugereko rwibanze ku guteza imbere inganda z’ubukerarugendo n’iterambere rirambye muri Nikaragwa. 5. Ishyirahamwe ry’amabanki muri Nikaragwa (Asociación Bancaria de Nikaragwa) Urubuga: https://asobanp.com/) Iri shyirahamwe rihagarariye amabanki akorera muri Nikaragwa, atezimbere ubufatanye mu rwego rwa banki. 6. Urugereko rwubaka Nikaragwa (Cámara Nicaragüense de la Construcción) Urubuga: https://cnic.org.ni/) CNIC ikora kugirango iteze imbere ibikorwa byubwubatsi birambye no guteza imbere inganda zubaka muri Nikaragwa. 7. Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda mu buhinzi muri Nikaragwa (Unión Nacional Agropecuaria - UNAG) Urubuga: http://unagnicaragua.com/) UNAG ihagarariye abahinzi borozi mu gihugu, igamije kuzamura umusaruro no gushyigikira iterambere ry’icyaro. Izi ni ingero nke gusa z'amashyirahamwe akomeye y'inganda aboneka muri Nikaragwa. Buri shyirahamwe rifite uruhare runini mu gushyigikira iterambere n’iterambere ry’inganda zabo mu gihugu.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Hano hari imbuga nyinshi zubukungu nubucuruzi zijyanye na Nikaragwa. Dore urutonde rwa bamwe muribo hamwe na URL zabo: 1. ProNicaragua: Uru rubuga ruteza imbere amahirwe yo gushora imari muri Nikaragwa kandi rutanga amakuru ku nzego zingenzi, gushimangira ishoramari, n’ubucuruzi. Urubuga URL: www.pronicaragua.org 2. Banki Nkuru ya Repubulika ya Nikaragwa: Urubuga rwemewe rwa Banki Nkuru ya Nikaragwa rutanga amakuru y'ibarurishamibare, ibipimo by’ubukungu, politiki y’ifaranga, n’amakuru y’imari yerekeye ubukungu bw’igihugu. Urubuga URL: www.bcn.gob.ni 3. Minisiteri y’iterambere, inganda n’ubucuruzi (MIFIC): Urubuga rwa MIFIC rutanga amakuru kuri politiki y’ubucuruzi, amabwiriza, gahunda yo guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ikirere cy’ishoramari, raporo z’ubushakashatsi ku isoko, n’uburyo bwa gasutamo muri Nikaragwa. Urubuga URL: www.mific.gob.ni 4. Kwohereza ibicuruzwa muri Nikaragwa (XFN): XFN ni urubuga rwa interineti rufasha guhuza ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa muri Nikaragwa n'abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashishikajwe n'ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku buhinzi nka kawa, ibishyimbo bya kakao, molase y'ibisheke n'ibindi. Urubuga URL: www.exportingfromnicaragua.com 5 amakuru kuburyo bwo gutanga uruhushya ninyungu zitangwa na progaramu ya zone yubuntu binyuze kururu rubuga. Urubuga URL: www.czf.com.ni (Icyesipanyoli) Izi mbuga zirimo umutungo wingenzi kubantu bose bashishikajwe no gushakisha amahirwe yubucuruzi cyangwa kwishora mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga na Nikaragwa.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hano hari imbuga za interineti zibaza ibibazo bya Nikaragwa: 1. Banki Nkuru ya Nikaragwa (Banco Central de Nikaragwa) Urubuga: https://www.bcn.gob.ni/ Banki nkuru ya Nikaragwa itanga amakuru yuzuye ku bucuruzi, harimo amakuru ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, hamwe n’amafaranga yishyuwe. Abakoresha barashobora kubona raporo zitandukanye namakuru yimibare ajyanye nubucuruzi. 2. Minisiteri y'Iterambere, Inganda n'Ubucuruzi (Ministerio de Fomento, Inganda y Comercio) Urubuga: http://www.mific.gob.ni/ Minisiteri y’iterambere, inganda n’ubucuruzi muri Nikaragwa itanga amakuru ajyanye n’ubucuruzi nk’imibare yatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Urubuga rutanga kandi amakuru kuri raporo zerekana ubucuruzi n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi. 3. Ikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe amakuru yiterambere (Instituto Nacional de Información para el Desarrollo - INIDE) Urubuga: http://www.inide.gob.ni/ INIDE muri Nikaragwa itanga imibare yubukungu harimo amakuru yubucuruzi bwamahanga. Urubuga rwabo rutanga ibikoresho byo kubaza amakuru yerekeye ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, impirimbanyi z’ubucuruzi, abafatanyabikorwa b’igihugu, ibyiciro by’ibicuruzwa, nibindi. 4. Banki y'Isi - Gufungura amakuru Urubuga: https://data.worldbank.org/ Ihuriro rya Banki y'Isi rifunguye amakuru ni isoko y'ingirakamaro mu kugera ku makuru mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi ku bihugu bitandukanye ku isi. Abakoresha barashobora gushakisha byumwihariko imibare yubucuruzi bwa Nikaragwa muri uru rubuga. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kuboneka no kumenya neza amakuru bishobora gutandukana kururu rubuga. Nibyiza guhuza amakuru aturuka ahantu henshi hizewe mugihe ukora isesengura rirambuye cyangwa ubushakashatsi kumibare yubucuruzi bwa Nikaragwa.

B2b

Nikaragwa ni igihugu giherereye muri Amerika yo Hagati kandi gifite B2B nyinshi ziboneka kubucuruzi. Dore bike muribi hamwe na aderesi zabo kurubuga: 1. Tradekey Nikaragwa (www.nicaragua.tradekey.com): Uru rubuga ruhuza abaguzi n’abagurisha baturutse mu nganda zitandukanye, rutanga ibicuruzwa byinshi na serivisi byihariye ku isoko rya Nikaragwa. 2. GlobalTrade.net - Nikaragwa (www.globaltrade.net/Nicaragua): Uru rubuga rwa interineti rutanga amakuru yubucuruzi, kuyobora ubucuruzi, no kugera kubufatanye mubucuruzi muri Nikaragwa. Itanga amahirwe yo guhuza imishinga ishaka kwagura ibikorwa byayo mugihugu. 3. MercaBid (www.mercabid.com): MercaBid ni isoko ryo kumurongo ryorohereza ibikorwa bya B2B hagati yabaguzi nabatanga ibicuruzwa muri Amerika y'Epfo, harimo na Nikaragwa. Itanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye mu nganda nyinshi nk'ubuhinzi, ikoranabuhanga, ubwubatsi, n'ibindi. 4. Alibaba.com - Abatanga Nikaragwa (www.alibaba.com/countrysearch/NI/nicaragua.html): Alibaba.com ni isoko rya B2B rizwi cyane ku isi rihuza abaguzi n'ababitanga ku isi. Igice cyabo "Abatanga Nikaragwa" kirimo abatanga ibicuruzwa biva mu nganda zitandukanye zifite icyicaro muri Nikaragwa. 5. Umuyoboro w’ubucuruzi wo muri Amerika yo Hagati - CABEI (https://cablenetwork.neovantasolutions.com/): Umuyoboro w’ubucuruzi wo muri Amerika yo Hagati ni urubuga rwa interineti ruteza imbere amahirwe y’ubucuruzi muri Amerika yo Hagati, harimo na Nikaragwa. Iyemerera ibigo kwerekana ibicuruzwa / serivisi no guhuza abakiriya cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa. Nyamuneka menya ko izi mbuga zishobora kugira intego zitandukanye cyangwa ibisabwa kugirango winjire nkumunyamuryango cyangwa gukoresha serivisi zabo. Nibyiza gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kuri buri platform mbere yo kwishora mubikorwa cyangwa ibikorwa kuri byo.