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Amasoko Nkuru
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Incamake y'igihugu
Sri Lanka, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi Iharanira Demokarasi ya Sri Lanka, ni igihugu cyiza kirwa giherereye muri Aziya y'Epfo. Iherereye mu nyanja y'Abahinde ku nkombe y'amajyepfo y'uburasirazuba bw'Ubuhinde. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte n'umurwa mukuru wacyo ushinga amategeko, naho Colombo ikora nk'umujyi munini n’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi. Igihugu gifite amateka akomeye kuva mu myaka ibihumbi. Yigeze gutegekwa n'ubwami butandukanye nyuma ikoronizwa n'Abanyaportigale, Abadage, n'Abongereza mbere yo kubona ubwigenge mu 1948. Uyu murage utandukanye wagize uruhare runini mu mico n'imigenzo ya Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka izwi cyane ku nyanja nziza cyane, ahantu nyaburanga, ndetse n’ibinyabuzima byinshi. Iki kirwa gitanga ibikorwa bitandukanye byo hanze nko kuva ku maguru kugeza gutembera mu mashyamba y'imvura kugeza kubona inzovu mu ngendo za safari muri parike y'igihugu nka Yala cyangwa Udawalawe. Budisime igira uruhare runini muri societe ya Sri Lankan hafi 70% by'abaturage bakurikiza iri dini. Igihugu kandi kirimo andi madini arimo Abahindu, Abayisilamu, n'Abakristu babana neza. Ubukungu bwa Sri Lanka bushingiye cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga nk'icyayi, reberi, ibicuruzwa bya cocout, imyenda, n'imyenda. Byongeye kandi sector urwego rwubukerarugendo rwabonye iterambere ryinshi bitewe nubwiza nyaburanga bwigihugu ndetse n’ahantu nyaburanga nk’imijyi ya kera nka Anuradhapura cyangwa igihome cya Sigiriya. N’ubwo hashize imyaka myinshi intambara y’abaturage hagati y’ingabo za leta n’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Tamil yarangiye mu 2009 ， Sri Lanka imaze gutera intambwe igaragara mu bijyanye n’iterambere kuva icyo gihe.Ubu ihagaze nka kimwe mu bihugu by’ubukungu bwa Aziya y'Amajyepfo byihuta cyane mu kuzamura ibikorwa remezo (harimo na gari ya moshi nini) umuyoboro) no kongera ishoramari ry’amahanga。 Mu gusoza, Sri Lanka iha abashyitsi inararibonye kuva mu gushakisha amatongo ya kera kugeza guhura n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye muri paradizo yacyo yo mu turere dushyuha. Uzengurutswe n’abantu bafite umutima ususurutse uzwiho kwakira abashyitsi truly bikubiyemo rwose icyatuma Aziya yepfo ishimisha。
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Sri Lanka ni igihugu giherereye muri Aziya yepfo. Ifaranga ryemewe rya Sri Lanka ni Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR). Ifaranga ryongeye kugabanywa amafaranga 100. Ni ifaranga rya Sri Lanka kuva mu 1872, risimbuza amafaranga ya Ceylonese. Banki Nkuru ya Sri Lanka ishinzwe gutanga no gucunga ifaranga ry’igihugu. Bagenzura kandi bagenzura itangwa nagaciro kifaranga kugirango babungabunge umutekano mubukungu. Igipimo cy’ivunjisha rya Rupee ya Sri Lankan gihindagurika ugereranije n’ifaranga mpuzamahanga mpuzamahanga nk'idolari rya Amerika cyangwa Euro. Irashobora guterwa nimpamvu zitandukanye nkifaranga, igipimo cyinyungu, umutekano wa politiki, nubukungu bwisi yose. Serivise z’ivunjisha ziraboneka muri banki hamwe n’abahindura amafaranga bemewe muri Sri Lanka aho ushobora guhindura amafaranga y’amahanga mu mafaranga yaho. ATM nayo iraboneka cyane mumijyi hamwe nubukerarugendo bukomeye. Ikarita y'inguzanyo yemerwa cyane muri hoteri, resitora, n'ibigo binini; icyakora, birasabwa gutwara amafaranga kubikorwa bito cyangwa mugihe usuye icyaro aho amakarita ashobora kutemerwa. Ba mukerarugendo basuye Sri Lanka barashobora kubona amafaranga y’ibanze mu gihe bageze ku Kibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Colombo cyangwa binyuze mu biro by’ivunjisha biri mu mijyi minini. Nibyiza kugereranya ibiciro ahantu hatandukanye mbere yo kuvunja amafaranga kugirango ubone igipimo cyiza cyo guhinduka. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko bitemewe kuvana LKR zirenga 5.000 muri Sri Lanka cyangwa muri Sri Lanka utabanje kubitangaza ku gasutamo. Menya neza rero ko wateguye amafaranga yawe asabwa mugihe ugenda cyangwa winjiye muri iki gihugu cyiza. Muri rusange, kumva ko LKR ari ifaranga ryemewe rikoreshwa mubucuruzi bwa buri munsi muri Sri Lanka bizafasha ba mukerarugendo kugendana neza nibyifuzo byabo byamafaranga mugihe bazenguruka iki gihugu gishimishije gikize amateka nubwiza nyaburanga.
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ifaranga ryemewe rya Sri Lanka ni Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR). Igipimo cy’ivunjisha hamwe n’amafaranga akomeye ku isi arashobora guhinduka, bityo nzaguha ibiciro byagereranijwe guhera mu Kwakira 2021: 1 US $ (USD) = 205 Amafaranga yo muri Sri Lankan 1 Euro (EUR) = 237 Amafaranga yo muri Sri Lankan Pound 1 y'Abongereza (GBP) = 282 Amafaranga yo muri Sri Lankan 1 Ikiyapani Yen (JPY) = 1.86 Amafaranga yo muri Sri Lankan Nyamuneka menya ko igipimo cyivunjisha gishobora gutandukana kandi burigihe nibyiza kugenzura ibiciro bigezweho mbere yo gukora ibikorwa.
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Sri Lanka, igihugu cyirwa giherereye muri Aziya yepfo, cyizihiza iminsi mikuru itandukanye yumwaka. Iyi minsi mikuru ifite akamaro gakomeye mu muco no mu idini ku baturage ba Sri Lanka. Imwe mu minsi mikuru ikomeye yizihizwa muri Sri Lanka ni umwaka mushya wa Sinhala na Tamil. Biba muri Mata buri mwaka, iri serukiramuco ritangira umwaka mushya ukurikije kalendari zombi za Sinhalese na Tamil. Nigihe imiryango iteranira hamwe kwishora mumigenzo gakondo nko gutegura amafunguro gakondo, guhana impano, no gukina imikino yo hanze. Muri iri serukiramuco kandi harimo ibirori ndangamuco nk'umuziki n'imbyino. Undi munsi mukuru ukomeye ni Vesak Poya, wibuka ivuka rya Lord Buddha, kumurikirwa, no kwitaba Imana. Bizihizwa mu kwezi kwuzuye kwa Gicurasi n’ababuda hirya no hino muri Sri Lanka, iri serukiramuco ririmo gushushanya amazu n’imihanda n'amatara y'amabara yitwa Vesak toranas. Abihaye Imana basura insengero kugira ngo bubahirize imihango y'idini mu gihe bakora ibikorwa by'urukundo no gutekereza. Umuryango w'Abahindu muri Sri Lanka bizihiza Diwali cyangwa Deepavali n'ishyaka ryinshi. Azwi nka "Umunsi mukuru wumucyo," Diwali ishushanya intsinzi yumucyo hejuru yumwijima nicyiza ikibi. Usibye gucana amatara y'amavuta yitwa diyasi mu ngo no mu nsengero, Abahindu bahana ibiryo n'impano muri ibi birori by'iminsi itanu. Eid al-Fitr ifite akamaro gakomeye kubayisilamu bo muri Sri Lanka kuko iranga Ramazani - ukwezi kumwe kwisonzesha kuva mu museke kugeza bwije bwubahirizwa n’abayisilamu ku isi. Mu birori byo kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wa Eid-Fitr, Abayisilamu bitabira amasengesho adasanzwe ku misigiti mu gihe basangira ibyokurya biryoshye hamwe n’umuryango ndetse ninshuti. Umunsi wa Poya ni iminsi mikuru rusange ya buri kwezi yizihiza ukwezi kwuzuye kuri kalendari yukwezi kwa Sri Lankan.Uyu munsi utanga amahirwe kubabuda kwishora mubikorwa byamadini nko gusura insengero kugirango batekereze amasengesho. Iyi minsi ya Poya isobanura ibintu byingenzi bijyanye nubuzima bwa Buda cyangwa inyigisho. Muri rusange, iminsi mikuru ya Sri Lankan ihuza abaturage, ikerekana umurage ndangamuco, kandi igateza imbere ubumwe bw’amadini mu madini atandukanye. Iyi minsi mikuru ni igihe cyibyishimo, gutekereza, no gushimira umurage utandukanye w’amadini n’umuco.
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Sri Lanka, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi Iharanira Demokarasi ya Sri Lanka, ni igihugu kirwa giherereye muri Aziya y'Epfo. Ifite ubukungu butandukanye buvanze n'ubuhinzi, inganda, na serivisi. Ku bijyanye n'ubucuruzi, Sri Lanka ishingiye cyane ku kohereza ibicuruzwa na serivisi mu bindi bihugu. Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga birimo icyayi, imyenda n’imyenda, ibicuruzwa bya reberi, amabuye y'agaciro (nk'amabuye y'agaciro), ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri cocout (nk'amavuta), ibikomoka ku mafi (nk'amafi yabitswe), n'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye mu gihugu ni Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika, Ubwongereza, Ubuhinde, Ubudage, Ubutaliyani, Ububiligi / Luxembourg (amakuru ahuriweho), Ubufaransa na Kanada. Ibi bihugu bitumiza ibicuruzwa bitandukanye muri Sri Lanka ari nako bishora imari mu nganda zabyo. Mu myaka yashize ariko- kubera ko ubukungu bwifashe nabi ku isi- igihugu cyahuye n’ibibazo mu gukomeza kuringaniza ubucuruzi. Agaciro k’ibitumizwa mu mahanga karenze ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bigatuma igihombo cy’ubucuruzi kuri Sri Lanka. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke kandi biteze imbere ubukungu binyuze mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi- guverinoma yagiye ikora cyane ku masezerano y’ibihugu byombi n’ibihugu byinshi nk’Ubushinwa n’Ubuhinde mu rwego rwo kuzamura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Byongeye- mu rwego rwo gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga mu bindi bihugu - hashyizweho uduce twihariye tw’ubukungu muri Sri Lanka; gutanga infashanyo nkikiruhuko cyimisoro kumasosiyete ashinga ibikorwa byayo. Muri rusange, ubukungu bwa Sri Lankan bushingiye ahanini ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bityo bukaba ari ngombwa mu gukomeza iterambere. Bikomeje imbaraga mu guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga binyuze mu masezerano y’ibihugu byombi bigomba gufasha kuzamura uburinganire bw’ubucuruzi imbere.
Iterambere ryisoko
Sri Lanka, izwi ku izina rya Isaro ry'inyanja y'Ubuhinde, ifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Iherereye muri Aziya yepfo, Sri Lanka itanga ibyiza byinshi bituma iba ahantu heza h’ishoramari n’ubucuruzi by’amahanga. Ubwa mbere, Sri Lanka yungukira aho iherereye mu nzira mpuzamahanga zohereza ibicuruzwa. Ikora nk'irembo ryerekeza muri Aziya yepfo kandi itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona amasoko mubuhinde no muri Aziya yepfo yepfo. Aha hantu harahinduka ihuriro ryiza ryubucuruzi kandi rikurura abashoramari bashaka gukanda kuri aya masoko. Icya kabiri, Sri Lanka yagize iterambere ryinshi mu iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo mu myaka yashize. Igihugu gifite ibyambu bigezweho, ibibuga byindege, hamwe numuyoboro mugari worohereza ibicuruzwa neza haba mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga. Iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo ryongera ubushobozi bwa Sri Lanka nkumufatanyabikorwa wubucuruzi. Byongeye kandi, guverinoma ya Sri Lanka yashyize mu bikorwa politiki zitandukanye zigamije guteza imbere ishoramari ry’amahanga no kwishyira ukizana mu bucuruzi. Izi politiki zirimo imisoro ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, uburyo bwa gasutamo bworoheje, hamwe n’amabwiriza meza y’ubucuruzi ku masosiyete y’amahanga. Izi ngamba zishyiraho ibidukikije byiza ku masosiyete ashaka gushinga cyangwa kwagura ibikorwa byayo muri Sri Lanka. Byongeye kandi, Sri Lanka ifite amahirwe yo kugera ku masoko y'ingenzi binyuze mu masezerano y'ibihugu byombi nka Sisitemu rusange y’ibyifuzo byongeyeho (GSP +) itangwa n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura butanga umusoro ku bicuruzwa bimwe byoherezwa muri Sri Lanka, bitanga amahirwe ku bucuruzi bwo kongera ibyoherezwa muri utwo turere. Byongeye kandi, Sri Lanka ifite umutungo kamere utandukanye harimo icyayi, reberi, ibirungo nka cinamine na karungu; amabuye y'agaciro nka safiro; imyenda; imyenda; ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki; serivisi za software; serivisi z'ubukerarugendo hagati y'abandi. Izi nganda zifite amahirwe menshi yo kuzamuka mu mahanga bitewe n’ubuziranenge bwazo kandi zidasanzwe. Mu gusoza, Sri lanka hamwe n’ahantu heza h’ibikorwa remezo, ibikorwa remezo byateye imbere, politiki ishigikira ishoramari, gushimangira imisoro, kubona inyungu., N’inganda zitandukanye zigaragaza imbaraga nyinshi mu guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibicuruzwa bigurishwa bishyushye ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rya Sri Lanka, hari ibintu byinshi tugomba gusuzuma. Dore intambwe nke ushobora gukurikiza: 1. Ubushakashatsi ku Isoko: Kora ubushakashatsi bunoze ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rya Sri Lanka kugira ngo wumve ibyifuzo by’abaguzi. Ibi birashobora kuba bikubiyemo kwiga ibipimo byubukungu, gusesengura imigendekere yinganda, no kumenya amasoko ashobora kugerwaho. 2. Menya ibyiza birushanwe: Sri Lanka ifite ibyiza byinshi byo guhatana nkabakozi bafite ubuhanga, umutungo wubuhinzi, nubushobozi bwo gukora. Menya ibicuruzwa bikoresha izo nyungu nk'icyayi, imyenda, ibirungo, amabuye y'agaciro & imitako, imyenda, ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri reberi, na serivisi za IT. 3. Reba uburyo bwo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga: Gusesengura imigendekere-yoherezwa mu mahanga hagati ya Sri Lanka n'ibindi bihugu kugirango umenye amahirwe ashobora kuba ku bicuruzwa bizwi ku isoko. Ibi bishobora kubamo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imashini / ibikoresho / ibikoresho (cyane cyane imashini yimyenda), ibice byimodoka / ibice (cyane cyane kuri moto). 4. Kugaburira Ibyifuzo Mpuzamahanga: Sobanukirwa nibyifuzo byabaguzi mpuzamahanga muguhitamo ibyiciro byibicuruzwa bifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Sri Lanka nkibicuruzwa nganda / ibiribwa karemano (ibiryo bishingiye kuri coconut / amavuta), ubukorikori / imitako bikozwe nibikoresho birambye / bitunganyirizwa. 5. Gukoresha urwego rwubukerarugendo: Ninyanja nziza n’ahantu ndangamurage ndangamuco bikurura ba mukerarugendo ku isi; tekereza gukora ibintu byibutsa ibintu byerekana umuco waho cyangwa ubuhanga nkimyenda yintoki / ibihangano byakozwe nabanyabukorikori baho. 6. E-ubucuruzi bushoboka: Mu myaka yashize e-ubucuruzi bwabonye iterambere ryihuse muri Sri Lanka; shakisha rero urubuga rwa interineti aho ibicuruzwa byakorewe mu gihugu bifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nko mubikoresho by'imyambarire / imitako cyangwa imyenda gakondo yihariye igihugu. 7.Gutandukanya amasoko yoherezwa mu mahanga: Mugihe wibanda ku bicuruzwa bihari byoherezwa mu mahanga nka Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika n'Uburayi; icyarimwe ushakishe amasoko azamuka muri Aziya - Ubushinwa / Ubuhinde aribwo intego nyamukuru - aho hari kwiyongera kwinjiza ibicuruzwa byongera ibicuruzwa bikenerwa / ibicuruzwa / serivisi; cyane cyane ibyerekeranye nubuzima / ubuzima bwiza. Wibuke, ni ngombwa guhuza ingamba zo guhitamo ibicuruzwa bishingiye ku mikorere y’isoko no guhora ukurikirana ibyo abaguzi bakunda kugira ngo bakomeze imbere ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rihanganye cyane.
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Sri Lanka, igihugu cyiza kirwa giherereye muri Aziya yepfo, gifite urutonde rwihariye rwabakiriya na kirazira. Umukiriya umwe uzwi kuranga muri Sri Lanka ni ugushimangira amasano n'imibanire. Abanya Sri Lanka bakunda gushyira imbere ikizere no kumenyera mugihe bakora ibikorwa byubucuruzi. Kubaka ubwumvikane bukomeye hamwe nabakiriya bawe nibyingenzi kugirango batsinde iri soko. Byongeye kandi, abakiriya ba Sri Lankan bashima serivisi yihariye. Baha agaciro ibitekerezo byabantu kugiti cyabo kandi bashima abatanga isoko bumva ibyo bakeneye nibisabwa. Gufata umwanya wo kudoda ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi bijyanye nibyo bakunda birashobora kuzamura cyane kunyurwa kwabakiriya. Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga akamaro ni urwego rwimibereho. Kubaha abasaza, abayobozi, n'abari mu myanya y'ubutegetsi bifite akamaro gakomeye muri sosiyete ya Sri Lankan. Iyo usabana nabakiriya, ni ngombwa kwerekana ko wubaha abantu bakuze cyangwa bo mu rwego rwo hejuru kuruta we wenyine. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kumenya kirazira z'umuco mugihe ukora ubucuruzi muri Sri Lanka: 1. Kwambara neza: Irinde kwambara imyenda igaragaza kuko ishobora kubonwa ko itiyubashye cyangwa idakwiye. 2. Koresha ukuboko kw'iburyo: Nkuko gukoresha ikiganza cy'ibumoso bifatwa nk'ibyanduye ukurikije amahame gakondo, burigihe ukoreshe ukuboko kwawe kw'iburyo mugihe utanze ibintu cyangwa uhana amaboko abakiriya. 3. Ibyiyumvo by’amadini: Sri Lanka ifite imiterere itandukanye y’amadini aho Budisime ariryo dini ryiganje rikurikirwa n’Abahindu, Islamu, n’Ubukirisitu. Wubahe imigenzo n'imigenzo itandukanye y'idini mugihe ukorana nabakiriya. 4. Kwubahiriza igihe: Nubwo kubahiriza igihe bihabwa agaciro mubikorwa byubucuruzi ku isi hose, bifite akamaro cyane muri Sri Lanka aho gutinda bishobora kugaragara nkubusuzuguro cyangwa uburangare. 5. Irinde kwerekana kumugaragaro urukundo: Kugaragariza abantu urukundo muri rusange biracika intege mumico ya Sri Lankan; gukomeza imyitwarire yumwuga mugihe cyimikoranire yubucuruzi biteganijwe. Mugusobanukirwa ibiranga abakiriya kimwe no kubahiriza gasutamo na kirazira byavuzwe haruguru mugihe ukora ubucuruzi nabantu baturutse muri Sri Lanka birashobora gufasha guteza imbere umubano mwiza no kuzamura intsinzi muri iri soko ridasanzwe.
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Sri Lanka ifite uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga gasutamo kubantu binjira cyangwa bava mu gihugu. Ni ngombwa ko abagenzi bamenya amabwiriza ya gasutamo n'amabwiriza kugirango binjire neza cyangwa bagende. Bageze muri Sri Lanka, abagenzi bose basabwa kuzuza Ikarita yo Kugera yatanzwe ku bwato cyangwa ku kibuga cy'indege. Iyi karita ikubiyemo amakuru yihariye nibisobanuro byawe. Ni ngombwa gutanga amakuru yukuri mugihe wuzuza iyi fomu. Abagenzi bagomba kumenya ko Sri Lanka igenga cyane ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Ibintu bibujijwe birimo ibiyobyabwenge, imbunda, amasasu, imiti iteje akaga, ibikoresho byerekana porunogarafiya, ibicuruzwa byiganano, n’ibicuruzwa ndangamuco nta ruhushya rutangwa n’inzego zibishinzwe. Kuzana ibintu nkibi bibujijwe bishobora kuvamo ingaruka zikomeye zamategeko. Amafaranga atangirwa umusoro ahabwa ingenzi zisura Sri Lanka hamwe nibintu byinshi byuzuye birimo imyenda, amavuta yo kwisiga, parufe, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki kugirango ukoreshe umuntu ku giti cye, nibindi. Ariko ibintu byumuntu ntibigomba kurenza umubare wemewe utishyuye imisoro ikwiye ya gasutamo. Ni ngombwa kubika inyemezabwishyu zose zijyanye nibintu byaguzwe mu mahanga kuko zishobora gusabwa n'abashinzwe za gasutamo uhageze cyangwa uvuye muri Sri Lanka. Byongeye kandi, imizigo itwarwa ishobora kugenzurwa n'abayobozi bashinzwe ibicuruzwa kandi ni byiza ko utazana amafaranga menshi y'amahanga igihe winjiye cyangwa uva mu gihugu. Abagenzi bafite imiti irenze iminsi 30 bagomba kubanza kubyemererwa ninzego zibishinzwe mbere yo kugera muri Sri Lanka. Ibi bisaba gutanga raporo zubuvuzi zikenewe hamwe ninyandiko zerekana ko bakeneye imiti nkiyi. Ni ngombwa kandi ko abashyitsi bahaguruka muri Sri Lanka batangaza amabuye y'agaciro yaguzwe mu gihe cyabo kuko bashobora gusaba icyemezo cyo kugura mu gihe banyuze kuri gasutamo ku kibuga cy'indege. Muri make, kubahiriza amabwiriza ya gasutamo nko kuzuza impapuro zisabwa neza mugihe uhageze / ugenda mugihe wirinze kuzana ibintu bibujijwe bizafasha kumenya uburambe butagira ikibazo binyuze muri gasutamo muri Sri Lanka.
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Politiki y’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe muri Sri Lanka igamije kugenzura ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga mu gihugu no kurinda inganda n’imbere mu gihugu. Guverinoma yishyuza imisoro ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye ikurikije ibyiciro n'agaciro. Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe muri Sri Lanka ni gahunda ya ad valorem, aho imisoro yishyurwa nkijanisha ry’ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo. Ibiciro biratandukanye bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa byatumijwe hanze. Kurugero, ibintu byiza nkibinyabiziga, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, hamwe no kwisiga byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bihura n’umusoro mwinshi ugereranije n’ibicuruzwa nk’ibiribwa n’ubuvuzi. Usibye imisoro ad valorem, Sri Lanka inashyiraho imisoro yihariye kubicuruzwa bimwe. Ibi bivuze ko amafaranga ateganijwe yakwa kuri buri gice cyangwa uburemere bwibintu byatumijwe hanze. Inshingano zihariye zikoreshwa mubintu nkibinyobwa bisindisha, ibikomoka ku itabi, lisansi, na lisansi. Guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubukungu mu gihe kuringaniza ubusumbane bw’ubucuruzi, Sri Lanka irashobora kandi gushyira mu bikorwa igipimo cy’imisoro ku nyungu cyangwa gusonerwa ibicuruzwa byatoranijwe biva mu bihugu runaka hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu (FTAs) cyangwa gahunda zisa. Aya masezerano akenshi agamije kuzamura umubano w’ubucuruzi mu kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho ibiciro bitumizwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa hagati y’ibihugu by’abafatanyabikorwa. Byongeye kandi, Sri Lanka ishyiraho imisoro yinyongera nka cesses (imisoro idasanzwe) kubikorwa byihariye nko kubungabunga ibidukikije cyangwa imishinga yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo. Ni ngombwa ku bucuruzi bushishikajwe no kwinjiza ibicuruzwa muri Sri Lanka gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse no kumva igipimo cy’imisoro ikoreshwa ku byiciro byabo. Ibi bizabafasha gutegura ingamba zabo zo kugena neza no kubahiriza amabwiriza ya gasutamo bijyanye no kwinjira muri iri soko.
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Sri Lanka, igihugu cyirwa giherereye muri Aziya yepfo, gifite politiki isobanutse neza yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Igihugu gifite intego yo kuzamura ubukungu mu gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga no kuzamura urwego rwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Sri Lanka ikurikiza imiterere yimisoro igenda itera imbere, aho igipimo cyimisoro gitandukana bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa byoherejwe hanze. Muri politiki ya Sri Lanka iriho muri iki gihe, ibicuruzwa bimwe bisonewe imisoro mu rwego rwo gushishikariza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Uru rutonde rurimo ibicuruzwa byingenzi nkicyayi, reberi, ibicuruzwa bya cocout, ibirungo (nka cinamine), amabuye y'agaciro, n'imitako. Ku bindi bintu bidasonewe nk'imyenda n'imyenda - bigira uruhare runini mu bukungu bwa Sri Lanka - guverinoma ishyiraho umusoro witwa Export Development Levy (EDL). Igipimo cya EDL kiratandukanye hashingiwe kubintu nko kongerera agaciro mubikorwa cyangwa gutunganya kandi mubisanzwe byishyurwa ku ijanisha ritandukanye kumyenda iboshywe nibicuruzwa. Usibye ibyo, Ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe Levy (SCL) biranakoreshwa mubyoherezwa mu mahanga nk'ibicuruzwa by'itabi cyangwa ibinyobwa bisindisha. Aya mahoro akora nka leta yinjiza leta ndetse nigipimo cyo kugenzura ibicuruzwa imbere mu gihugu. Kugirango turusheho gutera inkunga inganda zihariye cyangwa guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu turere tumwe na tumwe two muri Sri Lanka, izindi nkunga zishobora gutangwa n’inama y’iterambere ry’akarere cyangwa akarere kihariye k’ubukungu. Izi nkunga zishobora kubamo imisoro cyangwa imisoro ku bicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa bishora mu bikorwa bigamije nko gutunganya ubuhinzi cyangwa guteza imbere software. Twabibutsa ko Sri Lanka isuzuma buri gihe politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo ihuze n’imihindagurikire y’imiterere n’ubucuruzi ku isi. Niyo mpamvu, ari byiza ko abashoramari bakora ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga na Sri Lanka bakomeza kugezwaho amakuru mashya yose yashyizweho na guverinoma ku byerekeye ibicuruzwa byabo. Muri rusange, Sri Lanka ishyira mu bikorwa ingamba zinyuranye binyuze muri politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga igamije gushimangira ishoramari ry’amahanga mu gihe hazamuka iterambere ry’ubukungu burambye binyuze mu nzego z’ingenzi nk’ubuhinzi, inganda (imyenda), amabuye y'agaciro n’imitako_ibikorwa_byakozwe_ibicuruzwa, _kandi_ibicuruzwa bishingiye ku bicuruzwa
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Sri Lanka, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi Iharanira Demokarasi ya Sri Lanka, ni igihugu kirwa giherereye muri Aziya y'Epfo. Azwiho umuco wimbaraga nubwiza nyaburanga butandukanye. Ku bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, Sri Lanka imaze kumenyekana ku bicuruzwa bike byagaragaye byafashe isoko mpuzamahanga. Kimwe mu bicuruzwa byoherezwa muri Sri Lanka ni icyayi. Igihugu kizwiho gukora icyayi cyiza cya Ceylon, kizwiho uburyohe budasanzwe n'impumuro nziza. Inganda zicyayi muri Sri Lanka zikurikiza amahame akomeye kugirango ibicuruzwa byabo bibe byiza. Gahunda yo gutanga ibyemezo ikubiyemo ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge mu byiciro bitandukanye by’umusaruro, byemeza ko icyayi cyiza gusa cyoherezwa mu mahanga. Byongeye kandi, Sri Lanka nayo yigaragaje nk'umukinnyi ukomeye mu nganda zimyenda. Igihugu gikora ibicuruzwa byinshi byimyenda nkimyenda, imyenda, nibindi bikoresho. Kugirango ubungabunge amahame mpuzamahanga kandi wuzuze ibyifuzo byabakiriya, abakora imyenda myinshi muri Sri Lanka bahitamo ibyemezo nka ISO (International Organization for Standardization) cyangwa GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard). Izi mpamyabumenyi zemeza kubahiriza amabwiriza y’umutekano n’imyitwarire myiza. Usibye icyayi n'imyenda, portfolio yoherezwa mu mahanga ya Sri Lanka ikubiyemo n'ibindi bintu nk'ibirungo (nka cinamine), amabuye y'agaciro n'imitako (harimo amabuye y'agaciro nka safiro), ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri reberi (nk'ipine), ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri cocout (nka cocout) amavuta), n'ubukorikori. Mu rwego rwo koroshya umubano w’ubucuruzi n’ibihugu bitandukanye ku isi, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya Sri Lankan bikorwa inzira nyinshi zemeza ibyemezo bishingiye ku bisabwa byihariye byagaragajwe na buri gihugu cyangwa akarere bitumiza mu mahanga. Izi mpamyabumenyi zemeza ko ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga byujuje ubuziranenge bwihariye kandi bikanyura mu igenzura rikomeye mbere yo kwinjira ku masoko yo hanze. Muri rusange, ibyo byemezo byoherezwa mu mahanga bigira uruhare runini mu gukomeza icyizere cy’umuguzi no kuzamura amahirwe y’ubucuruzi ku bucuruzi bwa Sri Lankan ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu gihe iterambere ry’ubukungu mu gihugu.
Basabwe ibikoresho
Sri Lanka, izwi ku izina rya "Isaro ry'inyanja y'Ubuhinde," ni igihugu giherereye muri Aziya y'Epfo. Ku bijyanye n’ibyifuzo by’ibikoresho, Sri Lanka itanga uburyo bukomeye kandi bunoze bworohereza ubucuruzi n’ubwikorezi mu mbibi zabwo. Ku bicuruzwa mpuzamahanga, Ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Bandaranaike (BIA) i Colombo ni irembo rikuru ry'imizigo yo mu kirere. Itanga uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza imigi myinshi minini kwisi kandi itanga ibikoresho bigezweho byimizigo. Ikibuga cy’indege cyahariwe imizigo ifite ibikoresho bigezweho kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byose bibe byiza. Ku bijyanye n’ibyambu, icyambu cya Colombo nicyo kibanza kinini cyo kohereza muri Aziya yepfo. Itanga umurongo uhuza ibyambu birenga 600 mu bihugu 120, bigatuma ihitamo neza mubucuruzi bwisi. Icyambu gifite kontineri zigezweho zita kubikorwa byo gutumiza no kohereza hanze neza. Byongeye kandi, icyambu cya Hambantota ni ikindi cyambu kigaragara giherereye ku nkombe y’amajyepfo ya Sri Lanka gitanga amahirwe menshi yo gukora ibikoresho. Sri Lanka ifite umuhanda wateye imbere uhuza imijyi n'imijyi minini y'igihugu. Umuhanda A1 uva Colombo, umurwa mukuru, ugana mu tundi turere tuzwi nka Kandy na Jaffna. Uyu muyoboro utuma ibicuruzwa bitwara neza muri Sri Lanka. Sisitemu ya gari ya moshi nayo igira uruhare runini mu bikoresho bya Sri Lanka. Hariho inzira nyinshi za gari ya moshi zihuza imijyi minini nka Colombo, Kandy, Galle, Nuwara Eliya, na Anuradhapura. Ubu buryo bwo gutwara abantu ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane ku mizigo myinshi cyangwa kohereza intera ndende mu gihugu. Ku bijyanye n’ububiko, Sri Lanka itanga amahitamo atandukanye kuva mu bubiko rusange kugeza muri parike y’ibikoresho byigenga bifite ibikoresho remezo bigezweho nk’ububiko bugenzurwa n’ubushyuhe ku bicuruzwa byangirika cyangwa ibikoresho byangiza ibikoresho. Byongeye kandi, amasosiyete menshi y’ibikoresho akorera muri Sri Lanka atanga serivisi zuzuye nko kohereza ibicuruzwa, ubufasha bwo gutumiza ibicuruzwa muri gasutamo, hamwe n’ibisubizo by’imicungire y’ibicuruzwa. Aya masosiyete afite ubumenyi n’inzobere mu karere kugira ngo akore neza kandi neza. Muri rusange, Sri Lanka itanga uburyo bwizewe kandi buhujwe n’ibikoresho by’indege, ibyambu, imiyoboro y’imihanda, gari ya moshi, hamwe n’ububiko. Ibyo bikoresho bigira uruhare mu kugenda neza kw'ibicuruzwa mu gihugu no koroshya ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Sri Lanka, igihugu cyirwa giherereye muri Aziya yepfo, gifite inzira nyinshi zingenzi zitanga amasoko hamwe n’ubucuruzi. Izi porogaramu zigira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere ubukungu bw’igihugu no kuzamura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Dore bumwe mu buryo bukomeye bwo gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga no kwerekana ubucuruzi muri Sri Lanka: 1. Terminal International Container Terminal (CICT): Terminal nini ya Sri Lanka ku cyambu cya Colombo, CICT ni irembo ryubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Ikurura imirongo minini yo kohereza hirya no hino kwisi, ikagira umuyoboro wingenzi wamasoko. 2. Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga (EDB) cya Sri Lanka: EDB ishinzwe guteza imbere no guteza imbere ibyoherezwa muri Sri Lankan mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo imyenda, ibirungo, amabuye y'agaciro & imitako, icyayi, ibicuruzwa bya reberi, n'ibindi. Itegura ibirori byinshi nimurikagurisha kugirango uhuze abatanga isoko nabaguzi mpuzamahanga. 3. Amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’icyayi ya Colombo: Nka kimwe mu bitanga icyayi kinini ku isi, Sri Lanka yakiriye aya masezerano yo kwerekana icyayi cyiza ku baguzi ku isi. Ibi birori bitanga urubuga kubanyamuryango bicyayi, abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, abahuza hamwe nabitabiriye abanyamahanga kugirango bashakishe ubufatanye. 4 5. Hotel Show Colombo: N’inganda zateye imbere mu bukerarugendo, Hotel Show Colombo ikoranya abanyamahoteri baho hamwe n’urunigi mpuzamahanga rwa hoteri ruzwi kugira ngo berekane ibicuruzwa na serivisi byakira abashyitsi. 6. Imurikagurisha ry’inganda "INCO" - Bikorwa buri mwaka i Colombo cyangwa mu yindi mijyi minini nka Kandy cyangwa Galle mu nsanganyamatsiko zitandukanye nk'inganda z’imyenda cyangwa imurikagurisha ry’ubuhinzi. 7.Ceylon Handic Council Council - Umuryango wa leta wibanze ku kubungabunga ubukorikori gakondo bufasha abanyabukorikori bo mu cyaro mu bumenyi butandukanye nko kubaza ibiti, umusaruro w’imyenda, kuboha imyenda n'ibindi. Itegura imurikagurisha / imurikagurisha imbere ndetse no mu mahanga aho abaguzi baturuka mu bihugu bitandukanye bashobora gushakira ibicuruzwa by’ubukorikori . 8. Inama mpuzamahanga y’ibikoresho bya Colombo: Nka ihuriro rikomeye ry’ibikoresho byo mu karere, Sri Lanka itegura iyi nama yo guteza imbere urwego rw’ibikoresho no gukurura abaguzi n’abashoramari mpuzamahanga. 9 10. Iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya Boat Show & Boating Festival: Ibi birori byerekana inganda zo mu nyanja za Sri Lanka zirimo abubaka ubwato, abatanga serivise zo mu bwato, abakora ibikoresho bya siporo y’amazi bikurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga. Izi ni zimwe mu nzira zizwi cyane zo gutanga amasoko no kwerekana ibicuruzwa muri Sri Lanka bigira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubukungu. Batanga urubuga kubucuruzi bwaho kugirango bafatanye nabaguzi bo hanze, banyuranye amahirwe yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, kandi bashimangire umubano wubucuruzi mubihugu byombi nibihugu bitandukanye kwisi.
Muri Sri Lanka, hari moteri nyinshi zishakisha abantu bakunze gukoresha mugushakisha amakuru kumurongo. Dore urutonde rwa moteri zishakisha zisanzwe hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Google - www.google.lk: Google niyo moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane kwisi yose, harimo no muri Sri Lanka. Abakoresha barashobora kubona amakuru, amashusho, videwo, ingingo zamakuru, nibindi byinshi. 2. Yahoo - www.yahoo.com: Nubwo itakunzwe nka Google, Yahoo iracyakoreshwa nabantu benshi muri Sri Lanka mugushakisha kurubuga no kubona amakuru, serivisi za imeri, amakuru yimari, nibindi. 3. Bing - www.bing.com: Bing niyindi moteri yishakisha izwi itanga serivisi zisa na Google na Yahoo. Itanga intera itandukanye kandi ikoresha tekinoroji ya Microsoft yo kwerekana urubuga. 4. DuckDuckGo - www.duckduckgo.com: Azwiho uburyo bwibanze bwibanga bwo gushakisha kuri interineti, DuckDuckGo ntabwo akurikirana ibikorwa byabakoresha cyangwa amakuru yihariye nkizindi moteri zishakisha gakondo. 5. Baza.com - www.ask.com: Baza.com yemerera abakoresha kubaza ibibazo mundimi karemano aho kwandika ijambo ryibanze cyangwa interuro mumasanduku yo gushakisha. 6. Lycos - www.lycos.co.uk: Lycos numuyoboro wa interineti wisi yose utanga serivisi zitandukanye zirimo abatanga imeri mubihugu bitandukanye; ikora kandi nk'urubuga rwizewe rushingiye kuri moteri ishakisha muri Sri Lanka. 7. Yandex - www.yandex. Twabibutsa ko nubwo izi mbuga zikoreshwa cyane ku isi cyangwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga zishobora kuva muri Sri Lanka nta mbogamizi zishingiye ku turere zashyizweho, igihugu gifite kandi ububiko bwa interineti butandukanye bwibanze kubucuruzi bwaho; icyakora ibyo ntibishobora kuba byujuje ibipimo dusanzwe dufata nkibisanzwe 'moteri zishakisha'. Wibuke ko buri rubuga rutanga urutonde rwihariye rwimikorere nimirimo itandukanye ukurikije algorithm hamwe nigishushanyo cyabyo, bityo rero ushobora gusanga ari byiza kugerageza bike muri byo kugeza ubonye imwe ijyanye nibyo ukeneye neza.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Muri Sri Lanka, ububiko bwurupapuro rwumuhondo ni: 1. Dialog Urupapuro rwumuhondo: Ubu ni igitabo cyuzuye cyerekana ubucuruzi na serivisi zitandukanye mu gihugu hose. Irimo ibyiciro byinshi, harimo resitora, amahoteri, ibitaro, amashuri, nibindi byinshi. Urubuga ni: https://www.dialogpages.lk/en/ 2. Lankapage: Lankapage nubundi bukoreshwa cyane mumapaji yumuhondo muri Sri Lanka. Itanga amakuru yamakuru kubucuruzi mubice bitandukanye nka banki, ubwikorezi, ubwubatsi, nuburezi. Urubuga ni: http://www.lankapages.com/ 3. SLT Umukororombya Urupapuro: Iki gitabo gitanga icyegeranyo kinini cyurutonde rwubucuruzi muri Sri Lanka hamwe namakuru arambuye hamwe na aderesi zashyizwe mu byiciro n’inganda nk’ubuvuzi, imari, serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga, kwakira abashyitsi, n’abandi. Urubuga ni: https://rainbowpages.lk/ 4. InfoLanka Urupapuro rwumuhondo: Ubundi paji izwi cyane kumurongo wumuhondo ifasha abakoresha kubona ubucuruzi bushingiye kubikenewe cyangwa ahantu muri Sri Lanka. 5. Tanga Umujyi wawe (SYT): SYT itanga urutonde rwumuhondo kurutonde rwibanze kumijyi itandukanye yo muri Sri Lanka. Ububiko bushobora kuboneka kumurongo kugirango ushakishe ubucuruzi cyangwa serivisi byihariye mugihugu hashingiwe ku byiciro bitandukanye cyangwa ahantu hasobanurwa nibisabwa nabakoresha. Nyamuneka menya ko mugihe hashyizweho ingufu zose kugirango utange amakuru nyayo yerekeranye nubuyobozi bwavuzwe nurubuga rwabo; nibyiza kubigenzura wigenga nkuko aderesi zurubuga zishobora guhinduka mugihe.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Sri Lanka, igihugu cyiza cyo muri Aziya yepfo, cyabonye iterambere rikomeye mu bucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi mu myaka yashize. Dore zimwe mu mbuga za e-ubucuruzi ziyobora muri Sri Lanka hamwe na URL zabo: 1. Daraz.lk: Imwe mumasoko manini yo kumurongo muri Sri Lanka, itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi mubyiciro bitandukanye. Urubuga: daraz.lk 2. Kapruka.com: Urubuga rwo guhaha kumurongo rutanga ibicuruzwa mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga. Itanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo imyenda, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, n'impano. Urubuga: kapruka.com 3. Wow.lk: Isoko ryuzuye kumurongo ritanga amasezerano kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho by'imyambarire, nibindi byinshi. Azwiho gutanga byihariye no kugabanyirizwa. Urubuga: wow.lk. 4. Takas. 5. MyStore. 6. Clicknshop. 7.Ibinyobwa byo mu nzu yinzovu Ububiko bwa interineti bwemewe- inzovu-inzu-ibinyobwa-umurongo-ububiko.myshopify.com 8.Umuririmbyi (Sri Lanka) PLC - umuririmbyi - www.singersl.shop Izi porogaramu zitanga uburyo bworoshye kubakoresha mugutanga uburyo bwo kwishyura bwizewe hamwe na serivisi zizewe zitangwa muri Sri Lanka. Nyamuneka menya ko aya makuru ashobora guhinduka nkuko urubuga rushya rwa e-ubucuruzi rushobora kugaragara cyangwa iyariho irashobora guhinduka mugihe runaka.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Sri Lanka, igihugu cyiza cyo muri Aziya yepfo, gifite imbuga nkoranyambaga kandi zigenda ziyongera. Hano hari imbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane muri Sri Lanka hamwe n'imbuga zabo: 1. Facebook (www.facebook.com): Facebook ikoreshwa cyane muri Sri Lanka haba muburyo bwihariye no kuzamura ubucuruzi. Iyemerera abakoresha gukora imyirondoro, guhuza inshuti nimiryango, gusangira amafoto na videwo, kwinjira mumatsinda, no gukurikira page. 2. Instagram (www.instagram.com): Instagram irazwi cyane mu rubyiruko rwo muri Sri Lanka kubera gusangira amafoto na videwo. Itanga muyunguruzi zitandukanye hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura kugirango uzamure ibiboneka mbere yo kubisangiza abayoboke bawe. 3. Twitter (www. Abantu benshi bo muri Sri Lanka, amashyirahamwe, ibitangazamakuru, n'ibyamamare bakoresha Twitter kugirango basangire amakuru mashya cyangwa bagaragaza ibitekerezo byabo. 4. YouTube (www.youtube.com): YouTube ni urubuga rukoreshwa cyane mugusangira amashusho muri Sri Lanka aho abantu bashobora kohereza, kureba, gutanga ibitekerezo, igipimo, no gusangira amashusho. Vloggers zaho zikoresha ubu buryo kugirango zerekane impano zabo cyangwa zitange amakuru yingirakamaro. 5. LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): LinkedIn ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikorwa byo guhuza umwuga muri Sri Lanka. Umuntu ku giti cye akora imyirondoro yerekana amashuri yize, uburambe bwakazi, ubuhanga nibindi, bibafasha guhuza nabakoresha cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa mubucuruzi. 6. Viber (www.viber.com): Viber ni porogaramu yohereza ubutumwa ituma abayikoresha bohereza ubutumwa bugufi kimwe no guhamagara amajwi cyangwa guhamagara kuri videwo ku murongo wa interineti ku buntu mu bakoresha. 7. Imo (imo. 8. Snapchat (www.snapchat.com): Snapchat ifasha abakoresha muri Sri Lanka guhita bafata amafoto cyangwa gufata amashusho, kongeramo akayunguruzo cyangwa ingaruka, no kubisangiza inshuti mugihe gito. Itanga kandi imyidagaduro itandukanye nkimikino nibice byavumbuwe. 9. WhatsApp (www.whatsapp.com): WhatsApp ni porogaramu yohereza ubutumwa muri Sri Lanka. Iyemerera abakoresha kohereza ubutumwa bugufi, ubutumwa bwijwi, guhamagara amajwi / amashusho, no gusangira amadosiye yibitangazamakuru kurubuga rwa interineti. Izi ni zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi zikoreshwa muri Sri Lanka. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko hashobora kuba hari izindi porogaramu zateye imbere mu karere cyangwa urubuga rwiza rwita cyane cyane kubanya Sri Lanka.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Sri Lanka ni igihugu gitandukanye gifite inganda zitandukanye zigira uruhare mu bukungu bwacyo. Dore amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda muri Sri Lanka, hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Ceylon - Uru ni urugereko rw’ubucuruzi rwa mbere muri Sri Lanka, ruhagarariye inzego zitandukanye nk’inganda, serivisi, n’ubucuruzi. Urubuga rwabo ni www.icyumba.lk. 2. Ihuriro ry’ingereko z’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Sri Lanka (FCCISL) - FCCISL ihagarariye ibyumba byinshi by’ubucuruzi n’amashyirahamwe y’inganda mu turere dutandukanye muri Sri Lanka. Urubuga rwabo ni www.fccisl.lk. 3. Urugaga rw’igihugu rwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga (NCE) - NCE yibanda ku guteza imbere no guhagararira inyungu z’abatumiza mu mahanga baturutse mu nzego zitandukanye nk’imyenda, icyayi, ibirungo, n’inganda n’amabuye y'agaciro. Urubuga rwabo ni www.nce.lk. 4. Urugaga rw’inganda rwa Ceylon (CNCI) - CNCI ikora nk'urubuga rw’inganda muri Sri Lanka mu rwego rwo guteza imbere iterambere n’iterambere mu rwego rw’inganda mu nganda zitandukanye. Urubuga rwabo ni www.cnci.lk. 5.Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga (ICTA) - ICTA yibanda cyane cyane mu guteza imbere inganda z’ikoranabuhanga mu makuru muri Sri Lanka ishyira mu bikorwa politiki n'ingamba zikenewe mu iterambere. Urubuga rwabo ni www.ico.gov.lk. 6.Ishyirahamwe ryohereza ibicuruzwa mu cyayi (TEA) - TEA ihagarariye abatumiza icyayi mu mahanga kugira uruhare mu gukora kimwe mu byoherezwa mu mahanga bizwi cyane muri Sri Lanka ku isi - Icyayi cya Ceylon! TEA itanga inkunga kubatunganya icyayi, abacuruzi, abayikora, nabatumiza hanze. Urubuga rwabo murashobora kubisanga hano: https://teaexportsrilanka.org/ Izi ni ingero nke gusa; hari andi mashyirahamwe menshi yihariye n’ingereko bigira uruhare runini mu nganda zabo kugira ngo biteze imbere binyuze mu buvugizi, amahirwe yo guhuza imiyoboro, urubuga rwo gusangira ubumenyi, n'ibindi, bigira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubukungu muri Sri Lanka.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Sri Lanka, ku mugaragaro Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi Iharanira Demokarasi ya Sri Lanka, ni igihugu giherereye muri Aziya y'Epfo. Sri Lanka ifite imbuga nyinshi zubukungu nubucuruzi zitanga amakuru kubyerekeye amahirwe yubucuruzi, amahirwe yo gushora imari, na politiki ya leta bijyanye. Dore zimwe mu mbuga zizwi zijyanye n'ubukungu n'ubucuruzi muri Sri Lanka: 1. Akanama gashinzwe ishoramari muri Sri Lanka (BOI): Urubuga: https://www.investsrilanka.com/ Urubuga rwa BOI rutanga amakuru arambuye ku mahirwe yo gushora imari mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuhinzi, inganda, imitungo itimukanwa, ubukerarugendo, n'imishinga remezo. Ishami ry'ubucuruzi: Urubuga: http://www.doc.gov.lk/ Urubuga rushinzwe ubucuruzi rutanga ibikoresho kubucuruzi bushaka kohereza cyangwa gutumiza ibicuruzwa muri Sri Lanka. Itanga amakuru kuri politiki yubucuruzi, ingengabihe y’ibiciro, nibisabwa ku isoko. 3. Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga (EDB): Urubuga: http://www.srilankabusiness.com/ EDB iteza imbere ibyoherezwa muri Sri Lanka itanga serivisi zingirakamaro kubohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nka raporo z’ubutasi ku isoko, ubufasha bw’imurikagurisha ry’ubucuruzi, gahunda zita ku iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa. 4. Banki Nkuru ya Sri Lanka: Urubuga: https://www.cbsl.gov.lk/en Urubuga rwa banki nkuru rutanga amakuru yuzuye yubukungu na raporo ku nzego zitandukanye nk’imibare y’ubucuruzi; igipimo cy'ivunjisha; kuvugurura politiki y’ifaranga; Iterambere ry'umusaruro rusange; igipimo cy'ifaranga; imibare yingengo yimari ya leta mubandi. 5. Urugereko rw’Ubucuruzi n’inganda: Urubuga - Urugereko rwigihugu - http://nationalchamber.lk/ Urugereko rwa Ceylon - https://www.chamber.lk/ Izi mbuga za chambre zikora nkurubuga rwo guhuza ibikorwa byubucuruzi bwaho kandi bitanga amakuru agezweho yerekeye impinduka za politiki zigira ingaruka mubucuruzi mugihugu. 6.Sri Lankan yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze: Urubuga: https: //sri-lanka.abashoramariindia.com/ Uru rubuga rukora nk'ubuyobozi bw'amasosiyete agira uruhare mu kohereza ibicuruzwa bitandukanye muri Sri Lanka mu nganda zitandukanye nk'ubuhinzi, ibiribwa, imyenda, n'ibindi. 7. Minisiteri y’iterambere n’ingamba n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga: Urubuga: http://www.mosti.gov.lk/ Urubuga rwa minisiteri rutanga amakuru ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi mu gihugu, gahunda yo gutera inkunga ishoramari, gahunda zorohereza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kimwe n’izindi politiki zijyanye n’ubucuruzi. Izi mbuga zirashobora kuba ibikoresho byingenzi byo gushakisha amahirwe yubucuruzi no gukomeza kugezwaho amakuru agezweho yubukungu muri Sri Lanka. Nyamuneka menya ko izi mbuga zishobora guhinduka, nibyiza rero kugenzura niba zihari mugihe runaka.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hano hari imbuga za interineti kubibazo byubucuruzi muri Sri Lanka: 1. Ishami ry’Ubucuruzi - Sri Lanka (https://www.doc.gov.lk/) Uru rubuga rwemewe rutanga imibare yubucuruzi, harimo ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, n’ubucuruzi buringaniye. Itanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gushakisha na raporo zishobora gukururwa. 2. Ikigo gishinzwe iterambere ryohereza ibicuruzwa hanze muri Sri Lanka (http://www.srilankabusiness.com/edb/) Urubuga rw’ikigo gishinzwe iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa byo muri Sri Lanka rutanga amakuru ku mikorere yoherezwa mu mahanga mu nzego zitandukanye. Harimo amakuru arambuye kubicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, amasoko, n'ibigezweho. 3. Banki Nkuru ya Sri Lanka (https://www.cbsl.gov.lk/en/statistics/ubukungu-n-imibereho-yimibare Banki Nkuru ya Sri Lanka itanga imibare y’ubucuruzi yuzuye ikubiyemo ibisobanuro birambuye ku bicuruzwa na serivisi bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Uru rubuga rutanga amakuru yamateka na raporo zisesenguye. 4. Ishami rya gasutamo - Guverinoma ya Sri Lanka (http://www.customs.gov.lk/) Urubuga rwemewe rwa gasutamo rwemerera abakoresha kubona amakuru yo gutumiza / kohereza hanze mugutanga kodegisi ya sisitemu cyangwa ibisobanuro byibicuruzwa hamwe nibindi bipimo nkigihe cyigihe cyangwa igihugu. 5. Ubuyobozi bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze - Urugereko rwigihugu rwohereza ibicuruzwa muri Sri Lanka (http://ncexports.org/directory-exporter/index.php) Ububiko bubungabunzwe n’Urugaga rw’igihugu rwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze urutonde rw’amasosiyete agira uruhare mu kohereza ibicuruzwa bitandukanye muri Sri Lanka. Irashobora kuba ingirakamaro mugushakisha abaterankunga mubucuruzi. Izi ni zimwe mu mbuga ushobora gukoresha kugirango ugere ku makuru ajyanye n’ubucuruzi ku bukungu bwa Sri Lanka. Ariko, birasabwa guhuza amakuru aturuka ahantu henshi kugirango amakuru nukuri agamije gusesengura.

B2b

Sri Lanka, izwiho ubwiza nyaburanga n'umuco utandukanye, ifite kwiyongera ku isoko rya B2B. Igihugu gitanga uburyo bwinshi bwa B2B kubucuruzi bushaka kwagura ibikorwa byabo no guhuza abafatanyabikorwa. Hano hari amwe mumahuriro akomeye ya B2B muri Sri Lanka hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga muri Sri Lankan (EDB): EDB itanga urubuga ku bohereza ibicuruzwa muri Sri Lankan kugira ngo berekane ibicuruzwa na serivisi ku baguzi mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rwabo, www.srilankabusiness.com, rwemerera ubucuruzi gushakisha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye mubikorwa bitandukanye. 2. Ububiko bwohereza ibicuruzwa muri Sri Lanka: Ubu bubiko bwo kuri interineti buhuza abohereza ibicuruzwa mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo imyenda, icyayi, amabuye y'agaciro & imitako, ibirungo, n'ibindi. Urubuga rwabo kuri www.srilankaexportersdirectory.lk rushoboza abakoresha kubona abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze mubyiciro byinganda. 3. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Ceylon (CCC): Urubuga rwa CCC kuri www.chamber.lk rutanga igitabo cy’ubucuruzi kigaragaza urutonde rw’amasosiyete menshi akorera muri Sri Lanka mu nzego zitandukanye nk’inganda, ubuhinzi, ibikoresho, ubukerarugendo n’ubwakiranyi. 4. TradeKey: TradeKey ni urubuga mpuzamahanga rwa B2B rugaragaza ibigo byo hirya no hino ku isi harimo na Sri Lanka. Abashoramari barashobora gusura urubuga rwabo kuri www.tradekey.com/en/sri-lanka/ kugirango bashakishe amahirwe hamwe nabatanga isoko cyangwa bahuze nabakiriya bisi. 5. Alibaba.com: Nka imwe mu mbuga nini za B2B ku isi, Alibaba.com ikubiyemo ubucuruzi buturuka mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo Sri Lanka. Urubuga rwabo kuri www.alibaba.com rwerekana ibicuruzwa biva mu nganda zitandukanye zemerera abaguzi kwishora mubucuruzi. 6.Slingshot Holdings Limited: Slingshot nisosiyete ikora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga itanga ibisubizo bishya binyuze ku mbuga za interineti nka 99x.io (www.slingle.io), thrd.asia (www.thrd.asia), cisghtlive.ai (www. cisghtlive.ai) hamwe na Iterate imyuga ('imyuga.iterate.live'). Izi mbuga zitanga amahirwe yubufatanye bwambukiranya imipaka, serivisi zikoranabuhanga, gushaka impano nibindi byinshi. Izi ni nkeya kuri platform ya B2B iboneka muri Sri Lanka. Nibyiza gushakisha kururu rubuga kugirango ubone abaguzi cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa bihuye neza nibyifuzo byawe.
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