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Incamake y'igihugu
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Iterambere ryisoko
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Basabwe ibikoresho
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Irani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Kisilamu ya Irani, ni igihugu giherereye muri Aziya y'Uburengerazuba. Irahana imbibi na Arumeniya, Azerubayijani, Turukimenisitani, Iraki, Pakisitani, Afuganisitani, na Turukiya. Ubuso bungana na kilometero kare miliyoni 1.6 kandi butuwe n'abaturage barenga miliyoni 83, Irani nicyo gihugu cya kabiri mu bunini mu burasirazuba bwo hagati ndetse na 18 kinini ku isi. Tehran ni umurwa mukuru wacyo n'umujyi munini. Ururimi rwemewe ruvugwa nabanya Irani ni Persian cyangwa Farsi. Islamu niryo dini ryiganjemo abantu bagera kuri 99%. Irani ifite amateka akomeye mu myaka ibihumbi n'ibihumbi kandi ibamo imico itandukanye ya kera nka Elamite, Abamedi, Abaparitiya, Abaperesi (Ingoma ya Achaemenid), Abaselewusi (igihe cy'Abagiriki), Abasassani (Ingoma ya Neo-Persian), Seljuks (ingoma ya Turukiya) , Abanyamongoliya (Igihe cya Ilkhanate), Safavid (Igihe cy'Ubuperesi Renaissance), Afsharids Qajars (Pahlavi Era iyobowe na Mohammad Reza Shah). Ubukungu bwa Irani bushingiye cyane ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ariko bukagira n'inzego zinyuranye zirimo inganda zikora nk'imyenda, ibikomoka kuri peteroli, gukora impapuro, no gutunganya ibiribwa. Ubuhinzi bugira uruhare runini nibicuruzwa nyamukuru ari ibinyampeke nk'ingano, umuceri, ibikomoka ku ipamba, isukari, n'imbuto nk'amatariki, pisite, saffron. Mu mukerarugendo wiyongera usura ahantu h'amateka nka Persepolis, umusigiti wa Esfahan . Siriya) .Iyi miterere ya politiki, amakimbirane n’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba, bivamo amakimbirane, ikibazo cy’impunzi za Siriya kigira ingaruka mbi ku muryango wa Irani. Nubwo hari ibibazo, Irani yashoboye kugumana imico yayo binyuze mubuhanzi, ubuvanganzo, umuziki, ndetse niminsi mikuru gakondo nka Nowruz. Ibitambaro byo mu Buperesi, imyandikire, hamwe n'amashusho mato azwi cyane ku isi kubera ibishushanyo mbonera byabo n'ubukorikori bw'abahanga. Mu gusoza, Irani ni igihugu gifite umurage ukungahaye ku muco, ahantu nyaburanga hatandukanye kuva mu butayu kugera ku misozi. Ahantu henshi mu mateka, ubukungu bwifashe neza, ibihano, tewokarasi, amacakubiri atandukanye imbere, amakimbirane mpuzamahanga. Gutanga ibitekerezo bitabogamye bisaba ubushakashatsi bunoze ubyitondeye. kubara ibintu byose utiriwe uhindurwa na gahunda za politiki cyangwa kubogama kwitangazamakuru.

Ifaranga rya Irani Ifaranga ryemewe rya Irani ni rial ya Irani (IRR). Kugeza ubu, 1 USD ihwanye na 42.000 IRR. Irani ifite gahunda igoye yo kuvunja amafaranga kubera ibihano mpuzamahanga hamwe nubukungu bwimbere. Igihugu cyahuye n’ifaranga rikomeye mu myaka yashize kandi kubera iyo mpamvu, agaciro ka rial kagabanutse gahoro gahoro. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, Irani yashyizeho uburyo bwo kuvunja kabiri mu mwaka wa 2018. Kugeza ubu, hari ibiciro bibiri: igipimo cyemewe ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibikorwa bya leta byashyizweho na Banki Nkuru ya Irani (ସିବିଆଇ), n’ikindi gipimo cy’isoko cyagenwe n’ibitangwa na icyifuzo. Guverinoma ikunze kugira uruhare mu kugenzura ihindagurika ry’ibiciro by’ivunjisha binyuze muri politiki nko kubuza gucuruza amafaranga y’amahanga cyangwa gushyiraho imipaka ku kohereza amafaranga ku giti cye mu mahanga. Izi ngamba zigamije guhungabanya ubukungu ariko birashobora guteza ingorane kubantu n’abashoramari bashaka amafaranga y’amahanga kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, Abanyayirani bafite amahirwe make yo kubona amafaranga y’amahanga kubera ibihano mpuzamahanga byafatiwe Irani bijyanye na gahunda yayo ya kirimbuzi. Ibi kandi bigabanya ubushobozi bwabo bwo kubona amafaranga yamahanga byoroshye. Byongeye kandi, kubera kubuza ibikorwa by’amabanki mpuzamahanga n’ibigo bya Irani byashyizweho n’ibihugu byinshi ku isi, gukora imari n’amabanki ya Irani birashobora kuba ingorabahizi. Ibi bintu ntibireba abantu ku giti cyabo gusa ahubwo binareba ubucuruzi bukorera muri Irani cyangwa gukorana na Irani. Ni ngombwa ko abagenzi basura Irani bamenya izo mbogamizi mbere yo gutegura urugendo rwabo. Birasabwa ko bamenyera amahitamo ahari yo guhana amafaranga mugihugu mugihe bakurikiza amabwiriza abigenga. Muri make, ifaranga rya Irani ririmo igipimo cy’ivunjisha ryashyizweho n’abayobozi hamwe n’igipimo cy’isoko ryatewe n’isoko n’ibisabwa hiyongereyeho izindi mpamvu zitandukanye z’ubukungu nk’igitutu cy’ifaranga n’ibihano mpuzamahanga bigira ingaruka ku buryo bworoshye.

Ifaranga ryemewe rya Irani ni Rial ya Irani (IRR). Igipimo cy’ivunjisha rya Rial ya Irani ku mafaranga akomeye ku isi arahinduka, bityo ndashobora kuguha agaciro kagereranijwe guhera mu Kwakira 2021: 1 USD ≈ 330.000 IRR 1 EUR ≈ 390.000 IRR 1 GBP ≈ 450.000 IRR 1 JPY ≈ 3000 IRR Nyamuneka menya ko ibiciro byivunjisha ari igereranyo gusa kandi birashobora gutandukana ukurikije uko isoko ryifashe ubu.

Irani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Kisilamu ya Irani, ni igihugu gikungahaye ku muco wizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi ikomeye mu mwaka. Dore iminsi mikuru ikomeye ya Irani: 1. Nowruz: Yizihijwe ku ya 21 Werurwe, Nowruz yizihiza umwaka mushya w'Ubuperesi kandi ni umwe mu minsi mikuru ikomeye ya Irani. Igereranya kuvuka ubwa kabiri no kuza kw'impeshyi. Imiryango ikoranira kumeza gakondo yitwa Haft Seen, yerekana ibintu birindwi byikigereranyo bitangirana na "s" muri Farsi. 2. Eid al-Fitr: Uyu munsi mukuru urangira Ramazani, ukwezi kwisonzesha kubayisilamu. Abanyayirani bishimira bateraniye hamwe, basangira ibiryo bidasanzwe nk'ibiryohejuru no gusura umuryango n'inshuti. 3. Mehregan: Yizihijwe kuva ku ya 30 Nzeri kugeza ku ya 4 Ukwakira, Mehregan ni umunsi mukuru wa kera wubaha urukundo n'ubucuti mu muco wa Irani. Abantu bahana impano, bishimira imiziki gakondo n'imbyino. 4. Ijoro rya Yalda: Bizwi kandi nka Shab-e Yalda cyangwa umunsi mukuru wa Solstice Festival wizihizwa ku ya 21 Ukuboza; Abanyayirani bemeza ko iri joro rirerire ryerekana ibyiringiro byinshi mugihe cyumwijima baterana nimiryango yabo kurya imbuto zumye nkimbuto za garuzi mugihe bishimira gusoma ibisigo. 5.Ramazani: Uku kwezi kwera kurimo kwiyiriza ubusa ku Bayisilamu kuva izuba rirashe kugeza izuba rirenze ariko kandi bifite akamaro gakomeye mu mwuka muri Irani; kwitegereza kwifata hanyuma bigasozwa no kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wa Eid al-Fitr nyuma ya Ramadhan irangiye. 6.AshuraIbikorwa bikomeye by’amadini byubahirijwe cyane cyane n’abayisilamu b’abashiya bibaho ku munsi wa cumi wa Muharram; bibuka iyicwa rya Imamu Hussein ku rugamba rwa Karbala ahabera amateraniro y’icyunamo mu gihugu hose hagaragaramo ibirori by’ishyaka bihuza gusoma ibisigo hamwe n’ibikorwa byo kwibuka mu kwibuka. Buri serukiramuco ritanga amahirwe kubanya Irani kwakira umurage wabo gakondo binyuze mumigenzo nko gutanga ibiryo, kuvuga inkuru, ibitaramo bya muzika bigira uruhare runini mugushimangira umubano hagati yabaturage mugihe herekana ibihangano byubuhanzi burenze ibisekuruza.

Irani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Kisilamu ya Irani, ni igihugu giherereye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati. Ifite ubukungu butandukanye kandi bwaguka hamwe ninzego zinyuranye zigira uruhare mubibazo byubucuruzi muri rusange. Irani ikungahaye ku mutungo kamere nka peteroli, gaze, n'amabuye y'agaciro. Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu mateka byagize uruhare runini mu bukungu bwa Irani kandi bigira uruhare runini mu mibanire y’ubucuruzi. Iki gihugu ni kimwe mu bihugu bitanga ibicuruzwa byinshi kandi byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze ku isi. Mu myaka yashize ariko, ibihano mpuzamahanga byafatiwe Irani kubera gahunda yayo ya kirimbuzi byagize ingaruka ku bucuruzi bwayo. Ibi bihano byagabanije Irani kugera ku masoko y’isi kandi bikabangamira ishoramari ry’amahanga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibihugu bimwe byagabanije ibicuruzwa biva muri Irani cyangwa bihagarika ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi n’igihugu. Nubwo hari ibibazo, haracyari abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye mubucuruzi kuri Irani. Ubushinwa bwahindutse ahantu h'ingenzi twohereza ibicuruzwa muri Irani nk'ibikomoka kuri peteroli na peteroli. Abandi bafatanyabikorwa bakomeye mu bucuruzi barimo Ubuhinde na Turukiya. Usibye ibicuruzwa bijyanye na peteroli, Irani inacuruza mu nzego zitandukanye nk'ubuhinzi, ibicuruzwa (harimo imyenda), ibyuma (nk'ibyuma), imodoka, ibikomoka ku biribwa (harimo pisite), amatapi, ubukorikori (nk'ububumbyi n'ibitambaro), n'imiti. Hashyizweho ingufu na guverinoma ya Irani mu rwego rwo gutandukanya ubukungu bwayo aho gushingira ku byoherezwa mu mahanga mu guteza imbere inganda zitari peteroli nk’ubukerarugendo no gushishikariza ishoramari ry’amahanga mu nganda nk’umusaruro w’imodoka. Byongeye kandi, kwishyira hamwe kwakarere bigira uruhare runini mubucuruzi bwa Irani. Ni umunyamuryango w’imiryango yo mu karere nka ECO (Umuryango w’ubukungu w’ubukungu) iteza imbere ubufatanye mu bukungu hagati y’ibihugu byo muri Aziya yo hagati / Aziya yepfo. Muri rusange, nubwo ihura n’ibibazo bimwe na bimwe kubera ibihano byafashwe na gahunda ya kirimbuzi, Irani ikomeje kwifatanya n’ibihugu byinshi binyuze mu nzego zinyuranye z’ubucuruzi harimo ibikomoka kuri peteroli hamwe n’ibikomoka ku buhinzi nka pisite byemeza ko bikomeza ibikorwa by’ubukungu nubwo hari ibibazo byagaragaye mu myaka yashize. .

Irani ifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Igihugu gifite umutungo kamere mwinshi, nka peteroli na gaze, ibyo bikaba biha inyungu zo guhatanira amasoko yisi. Irani ifite peteroli ya kane mu bunini ku isi kandi ni imwe mu zikora peteroli. Ibi bitanga umusingi ukomeye winganda zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Byongeye kandi, Irani ifite ubukungu butandukanye n’inzego zirimo ubuhinzi, inganda, ubukerarugendo, na serivisi. Iri tandukaniro rituma igihugu gitanga ibicuruzwa byinshi kumasoko mpuzamahanga. Urwego rw'ubuhinzi rwa Irani rutanga ibihingwa bitandukanye birimo ingano, sayiri, umuceri, imbuto, n'imboga. Byongeye kandi, Irani yungukira aho iherereye nk'ikiraro gihuza Aziya yo hagati, Uburayi, n'Uburasirazuba bwo hagati. Itanga uburyo bwo kugera ku bihugu bidafite inkombe nka Afuganisitani na repubulika ya Aziya yo hagati ku nzira z'ubucuruzi zinyura ku byambu bya Irani. Mu myaka yashize, hari imbaraga zashyizweho na guverinoma ya Irani mu gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga no kunoza umubano w’ubucuruzi n’ibindi bihugu. Ibihano byafashwe nyuma yo gushyira umukono kuri gahunda rusange y’ibikorwa (JCPOA) mu 2015 byafunguye amahirwe ku bufatanye n’amahanga. Byongeye kandi, irihatira gutandukanya amasoko yoherezwa mu mahanga ishakisha abafatanyabikorwa bashya mu bucuruzi burenze ubwa gakondo nk'Ubushinwa cyangwa Ubuhinde. Byongeye kandi, Irani kandi ni umunyamuryango w’umuryango w’ubukungu w’ubukungu (ECO), akaba ari umuryango uhuriweho na leta ugamije guteza imbere ubufatanye bw’ubukungu mu bihugu icumi bigize uyu muryango. giherereye muri Aziya yo hagati. Icyakora, imbogamizi zimwe zirahari mugihe cyo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga rya Iraian. Haracyariho ibihano byafatiwe Irani bijyanye na politiki.Biragira ingaruka ku ishoramari, uburyo bwo gutera inkunga, no kugera ku ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere. Kugumana umutekano wa politiki ni ngombwa mu gukurura abashoramari benshi. Imishyikirano ikomeje n’ubukungu bwateye imbere irashobora kugira uruhare mu gukemura ibyo bibazo. Ibiro bikuru bya Irani birashobora gutuma habaho imikorere idahwitse mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi bibangamira ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.Nyamara, imbaraga zikomeje gukorwa n’abayobozi ba Irani zigamije kugabanya kaseti itukura, guteza imbere gukorera mu mucyo.kandi byoroshye koroshya -Urutonde rwubucuruzi rugomba kugabanya izo mikorere idahwitse. Muri rusange, Irani ifite amahirwe yo guteza imbere isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ni ingenzi kubera ubutunzi bwayo, ubukungu butandukanye, aho ingamba zifatika, ndetse n’ingamba za leta zo gukurura ishoramari. Mu gukemura ibibazo no gukurikirana amahirwe, Irani irashobora gufungura ubushobozi bwayo mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi ku isi.

Guhitamo ibicuruzwa bigurishwa bishyushye ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga muri Irani Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibicuruzwa bigurishwa bishyushye ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwa Irani, ni ngombwa kumva icyo igihugu gikunda, imiterere y’umuco, n’ubukungu. Hano hari ibintu bike byingenzi bitekerezwaho: 1. Ibikoresho bya peteroli na gazi: Nkigihugu gikungahaye kuri peteroli, Irani ikeneye cyane ubushakashatsi bwa peteroli na gaze, ibikoresho byo kuyikuramo, hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n’ibikoresho byo gucukura, pompe, valve, n’imiyoboro. Ishoramari muri uru rwego rirashobora kwinjiza amafaranga menshi. 2. Imashini zubuhinzi: Urwego rwubuhinzi muri Irani rufite uruhare runini mubukungu bwarwo. Kubwibyo, hari amahirwe menshi yo kohereza imashini zubuhinzi kuva ku basaruzi na za romoruki kugeza kuri gahunda yo kuhira. 3. Imiti ya farumasi: Hamwe n’abaturage bageze mu za bukuru no kongera ubuvuzi bukenewe, ibikenerwa mu bya farumasi bikomeje kwiyongera muri Irani. Tekereza kohereza imiti ya ngombwa cyangwa imiti yihariye ijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwihariye. 4. Ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa: Mu myaka yashize, Irani yerekanye ko ishishikajwe n’amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nk’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba hamwe n’umuyaga w’umuyaga kubera impungenge zatewe no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Kwohereza hanze tekinoroji yingufu zishobora kuba intambwe yibikorwa. 5. Ibikoresho byubwubatsi: Kubera imishinga minini yiterambere ryimijyi mugihugu hose harimo gahunda ziterambere ryibikorwa remezo nkumuhanda wimihanda hamwe nibikorwa byo kubaka amazu - harakenewe cyane ibikoresho byubwubatsi nkibiti bya sima cyangwa amatafari. Guhitamo neza ibicuruzwa bigurishwa: - Kora ubushakashatsi ku masoko yaho usuzuma raporo zinganda cyangwa kugisha inama amashyirahamwe yubucuruzi. - Menya ibicuruzwa byiza bifite ibicuruzwa biva hanze cyane ugereranije nibitangwa. - Sobanukirwa n'amategeko ya leta cyangwa ibibujijwe kubicuruzwa byihariye. - Tekereza gushiraho ubufatanye bwaho nubucuruzi bwa Irani cyangwa abadandaza bafite ubumenyi bwisoko kandi bashobora gufasha kugendana imico. - Kwitabira imurikagurisha cyangwa imurikagurisha ryabereye muri Irani aho ushobora guhura nabaguzi imbonankubone. - Gukora ubushakashatsi bunoze bwibiciro bushingiye kubiciro byumusaruro ugereranije nibiciro byisoko biri mukarere. Wibuke ko mugihe ibyo byiciro byibicuruzwa byerekana ubushobozi bwisoko, ni ngombwa gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku isoko no kugisha inama impuguke zibishinzwe mbere yo kwinjira ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga muri Irani.

Irani, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Kisilamu ya Irani, ni igihugu cyo muri Aziya y'Uburengerazuba. Ifite amateka n'umuco bikungahaye cyane kubiranga abakiriya na kirazira. Ukurikije ibiranga abakiriya, Abanyayirani bazwiho kwakira abashyitsi. Baha agaciro umubano bwite kandi akenshi babashyira imbere mubibazo byubucuruzi. Kubwibyo, kubaka ikizere no kugirana umubano n’abakiriya ba Irani ni ngombwa mu gukora ubucuruzi bunoze. Abanyayirani na bo bakunda kuba abashoramari bajijuka, bityo rero ni ngombwa kwitegura kujya mu biganiro birebire mu nama z’ubucuruzi. Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga abakiriya ba Irani ni uguhitamo ibicuruzwa na serivisi nziza. Abanyayirani baha agaciro ubukorikori kandi bishimira gutunga ibicuruzwa byakozwe neza. Kubwibyo, ubucuruzi bugomba kwibanda mugutanga ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi byujuje ubuziranenge bwo kwiyambaza iki gice cyabakiriya. Ku bijyanye na kirazira cyangwa umuco wo gukangurira umuco, ni ngombwa kubahiriza imigenzo ya kisilamu ikurikirwa nabanya Irani benshi. Birabujijwe kunywa inzoga n'ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano n'ingurube muri Irani kubera imyizerere ishingiye ku idini. Abashoramari bagomba kwemeza ko itangwa ryabo rihuye nizi mbogamizi mugihe bareba abakiriya ba Irani. Byongeye kandi, kwiyoroshya bihabwa agaciro cyane mu muco wa Irani; Kubera iyo mpamvu, ubucuruzi bugomba kwirinda ubushotoranyi cyangwa kwerekana imyambarire iyo ikorana nabakiriya ba Irani cyangwa kwitabira inama zubucuruzi aho. Guhuza umubiri hagati yabagabo nabagore bidafitanye isano nabyo bishobora gufatwa nkibidakwiye mubihe bimwe. Byongeye kandi, kuganira ku ngingo zikomeye nka politiki (cyane cyane ibijyanye na guverinoma ya Irani) cyangwa kunenga imyizerere ishingiye ku idini bishobora kubabaza abakiriya bo muri aka karere. Nibyiza kwibanda kubintu byinshi bitabogamye nkubuhanzi, ubuvanganzo, ibirori bya siporo nkumupira wamaguru (umupira wamaguru), cyangwa umuco gakondo w'Abaperesi. Gusobanukirwa ibyo biranga abakiriya no kubahiriza kirazira z'umuco birashobora gufasha ubucuruzi guteza imbere umubano ukomeye nabakiriya ba Irani mugihe twirinze kutumvikana cyangwa ibyaha bishobora kubangamira amahirwe yubucuruzi muri iki gihugu cy’iburasirazuba bwo hagati.

Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo ya Irani Irani, iherereye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, ifite uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga gasutamo. Hano hari ibintu by'ingenzi ukeneye kumenya kubyerekeye amabwiriza ya gasutamo ya Irani. Uburyo bwa gasutamo: 1. Inyandiko: Iyo winjiye cyangwa uvuye muri Irani, abagenzi bagomba kuba bafite pasiporo yemewe na viza bijyanye. Byongeye kandi, urupapuro rwerekana imenyekanisha rya gasutamo rugomba kuzuzwa neza kugirango rugenzurwe. 2. Ibintu bibujijwe: Ibintu bimwe nkibiyobyabwenge, intwaro, inzoga, na porunogarafiya birabujijwe rwose kwinjira cyangwa kuva muri Irani. 3. Amabwiriza y’ifaranga: Hariho amategeko abuza umubare w’amafaranga ashobora kwinjizwa cyangwa gukurwa muri Irani atabiherewe uburenganzira na Banki Nkuru. 4. Imenyekanisha ry'ibicuruzwa: Abagenzi bagomba gutangaza ibicuruzwa by'agaciro bitwaje bahageze kugirango barebe ko bitanyuze muri gasutamo. Amafaranga atishyurwa: 1. Ibyerekeye Umuntu ku giti cye: Abashyitsi barashobora kuzana ibintu byihariye nk'imyenda, ubwiherero, na elegitoroniki kugira ngo ukoreshwe ku giti cyawe nta kwishyura. 2. Ibinyobwa bisindisha: Kuzana ibinyobwa bisindisha muri Irani birabujijwe rwose kubera impamvu z’idini. 3. Ibicuruzwa byitabi: Umubare ntarengwa wibicuruzwa byitabi urashobora kwemererwa hakurikijwe amategeko ya leta; kurenga iyi mipaka bizakora imirimo. Ubugenzuzi bwa gasutamo: 1. Kugenzura imizigo: Abakozi ba gasutamo barashobora kwerekana imizigo yinjira bakoresheje imashini za X-ray cyangwa ubugenzuzi bwumubiri kubera impamvu z'umutekano. 2.Gukurikirana imikoreshereze ya enterineti: traffic traffic ikurikiranwa nabayobozi ba Irani; irinde rero kwinjira kurubuga rwafunzwe mugihe uzaba muri Irani. Ibyiyumvo byumuco: 1.Imyambarire yimyambarire: Wubahe amahame yumuco waho wambara wiyubashye mugihe usuye ahantu hahurira abantu benshi nko mu bibanza by’amadini cyangwa ahantu h’aba conservateurs basaba abagore gutwikira umusatsi igitambaro cyangwa kwambara imyenda idakwiriye. 2.Imyitwarire ibujijwe / Ibintu: Indangagaciro za kisilamu nka politiki ihamye yo kutanywa inzoga zisaba abashyitsi kutishora mu kunywa kumugaragaro cyangwa kugaragariza urukundo abo mudahuje igitsina ahantu rusange. Nibyiza ko wagisha inama mubutumwa bwa dipolomasi bwa Irani cyangwa abashinzwe za gasutamo zemewe kumakuru agezweho kugirango habeho uburambe bwingendo kandi nta mananiza.

Irani, igihugu cyo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati giherereye muri Aziya y’iburengerazuba, gifite politiki y’imisoro itumizwa mu mahanga. Igipimo cy’imisoro yatumijwe muri Irani kiratandukanye bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ku bintu by'ingenzi nk'ibiribwa, ubuvuzi, n'ibikomoka ku buhinzi, Irani muri rusange ishyiraho imisoro iri mu mahanga cyangwa ikabisonera burundu kugira ngo abaturage bayo babone ubushobozi. Ibi birashishikarizwa kwinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu bitaremereye abaguzi ku giciro kinini. Nyamara, kubintu byiza cyangwa ibicuruzwa bidakenewe nka elegitoroniki n’imodoka, Irani ikoresha igipimo cy’imisoro iva mu mahanga. Iki cyemezo ntabwo cyinjiza leta gusa ahubwo giteza imbere inganda zaho mugukora ubundi buryo bwo gutumiza mu mahanga buhenze cyane. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko Irani yafatiwe ibihano mpuzamahanga by’ubukungu byashyizweho n’ibihugu bitandukanye kubera amakimbirane ya politiki kubera gahunda yayo ya kirimbuzi. Ibi bihano byatumye habaho ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi na Irani. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe birashobora kubuzwa kwinjira mu gihugu burundu cyangwa birashobora guhanishwa imisoro yinyongera iyo byemewe. Mu rwego rwo gushimangira umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu no kugabanya gushingira ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, abategetsi ba Irani bashyize mu bikorwa politiki nk’amahoro arengera ndetse n’inkunga ku nganda zaho. Izi ngamba zigamije gushyiraho ibidukikije byiza byo gukora mu gihugu ndetse no kuzamura amahirwe yo kubona akazi mu gihugu. Mu gusoza, politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe muri Irani iratandukanye bitewe n’ibicuruzwa; imisoro yo hasi ikoreshwa mubintu nkibyokurya nubuvuzi mugihe imisoro ihanitse itangwa kubintu byiza. Byongeye kandi, kubera ibihano mpuzamahanga byafatiwe igihugu kijyanye na gahunda za kirimbuzi byiganjemo gushyiraho amategeko abuza ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byinjira muri Irani

Politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ya Irani igamije kugenzura no guteza imbere ibikorwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ari nako yinjiza leta. Hano, tuzatanga incamake ya politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga muri Irani mu magambo 300. Muri Irani, guverinoma ishyiraho imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye mu rwego rwo kugenzura ubucuruzi no guhuza ibicuruzwa biva mu gihugu n'ibisabwa. Imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga iratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, hamwe n'ibiciro bitandukanye bikoreshwa mu nzego zitandukanye. Kurugero, ibicuruzwa bitari peteroli nkibicuruzwa byubuhinzi, imyenda, nibicuruzwa byinganda bishyirwa mubice bitandukanye, buri kimwe gifite igipimo cyihariye cyimisoro. Ibi biciro birashobora guhinduka hashingiwe kumiterere yisoko na politiki ya leta. Intego nyamukuru za politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga muri Irani zirimo gushishikariza kongera agaciro mu gihugu mu kugabanya kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze cyangwa kuzamura ibicuruzwa byarangiye bifite agaciro. Ubu buryo bufasha kuzamura inganda zaho no guhanga amahirwe yakazi mugihe uca intege gushingira cyane kubitumizwa hanze. Byongeye kandi, inganda zimwe na zimwe zifatika muri Irani zishimira gusonerwa cyangwa kugabanya ibiciro ku byoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo zirusheho guhangana ku masoko mpuzamahanga. Ibi bireba cyane cyane mu buhanga buhanitse nk'ibikoresho by'itumanaho cyangwa ibikomoka kuri peteroli aho Irani ishaka gushimangira isi yose. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko hari bimwe bidasanzwe aho nta misoro ikoreshwa ku byiciro byihariye by’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga nk’imiti cyangwa ibintu bijyanye n’ibikorwa by’ubutabazi. Byongeye kandi, Irani yasinyanye n’ibindi bihugu byinshi by’ubucuruzi bishobora kurushaho guhindura politiki y’imisoro yerekeye ibyoherezwa mu bihugu by’abafatanyabikorwa mu buryo bwihariye. Muri rusange, binyuze muri gahunda y’imisoro yoroheje yahujwe na buri rwego ndetse n’ibidasanzwe byibanda ku nganda cyangwa ibihe byihariye nka gahunda z’ubutabazi, Irani igamije gushimangira iterambere ry’ubukungu binyuze mu kohereza ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byongerewe agaciro mu gihe kimwe no kubungabunga umutekano w’imari.

Irani ni igihugu giherereye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati gifite amateka n'umuco bikungahaye. Nk’uruhare rugaragara mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, Irani yashyizeho uburyo bwo kwemeza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo harebwe ubuziranenge n’umutekano by’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Gahunda yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze muri Irani ikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi. Icyambere, abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze bakeneye kubona uruhushya rukenewe muri minisiteri yinganda, ubucukuzi nubucuruzi. Uru ruhushya rwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byemewe n'amategeko gukora ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Usibye uru ruhushya rusange, ibyemezo byibicuruzwa byihariye birashobora gusabwa bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze. Izi mpamyabumenyi zitangwa ninzego zibishinzwe nk’umuryango w’ubuziranenge bwa Irani (ISIRI) cyangwa izindi nzego zihariye. Intego y'ibi byemezo ni ukwemeza ko ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya Irani byujuje ubuziranenge kandi bikubahiriza amabwiriza y'igihugu kimwe n'amasezerano mpuzamahanga. Ni ngombwa mu kwemeza abakiriya no kubaka ikizere ku masoko yo hanze. Kugirango ubone icyemezo cyibicuruzwa, abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze bagomba gutanga ibicuruzwa byabo kugirango bipimishe cyangwa bigenzurwe na laboratoire zemewe cyangwa inzego zubugenzuzi zemewe na ISIRI. Igikorwa cyo kwipimisha mubisanzwe gikubiyemo gusuzuma ibiranga umubiri, gusuzuma imikorere, no gusuzuma kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho bya tekiniki. Ibicuruzwa bimaze kugeragezwa neza kandi bikagaragara ko byujuje ibisabwa, hazatangwa icyemezo cyerekana ko bihuye. Iki cyemezo ni gihamya yerekana ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa byose byoherezwa mu mahanga. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ubwoko bwibicuruzwa butandukanye bushobora gusaba ibyemezo byihariye bitewe na kamere yabyo cyangwa bigamije kurangiza-gukoreshwa. Kurugero, ibikomoka ku buhinzi birashobora gusaba ibyemezo bya phytosanitarite mugihe ibintu byimiti bishobora gukenera impapuro zumutekano (SDS). Muri rusange, Irani izi akamaro ko kwemeza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu kuzamura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi hose mu gihe hubahirizwa abakiriya mu mahanga binyuze mu kubahiriza ubuziranenge bwemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Abatumiza mu mahanga barashishikarizwa gukomeza kuvugururwa n’impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu mabwiriza kugira ngo bakomeze kungukirwa na sisitemu ikomeye yo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Irani

Irani, nk'igihugu giherereye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, gifite umuyoboro w’ibikoresho byateye imbere byorohereza ubwikorezi n’ubucuruzi neza. Dore bimwe mubyifuzo bya serivisi y'ibikoresho muri Irani: 1. Ibikorwa Remezo byo gutwara abantu: Irani ifite umuhanda munini wa gari ya moshi na gari ya moshi ihuza imijyi minini n’inganda. Umuhanda munini wigihugu utanga umurongo mwiza mugihugu hose, mugihe sisitemu ya gari ya moshi itanga ubundi buryo bwo gutwara abantu. Hagati ya Irani nayo igira ihuriro rikomeye ryambukiranya Uburayi na Aziya. 2. Ibyambu n'ibibuga by'indege: Irani ifite ibyambu byinshi bikomeye biherereye ku nkombe y’amajyepfo y’amajyepfo, itanga inzira z’ubucuruzi bw’ikigobe cy’Ubuperesi n’inyanja y’Ubuhinde. Icyambu cya Bandar Abbas nicyo cyambu kinini kinini muri Irani gifite ibikoresho bigezweho byo gutwara imizigo. Ikindi kandi, ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Imamu Khomeini muri Tehran ni kimwe mu bibuga by’indege byinshi muri ako karere, byita ku bagenzi ndetse no kohereza imizigo. 3. Kwemeza gasutamo: Kwemeza gasutamo neza ni ngombwa kugirango ibikorwa byoroherezwe neza. Muri Irani, inzira za gasutamo zahinduwe neza mu myaka yashize binyuze mu bikorwa byikora nka sisitemu yo guhana amakuru hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (EDI). Nibyiza gufatanya nabashinzwe gutwara ibicuruzwa babimenyereye cyangwa abakozi ba gasutamo bafite ubumenyi bugezweho kubijyanye n’amabwiriza y’ibanze kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byemerwe vuba. 4. Ibikoresho byububiko: Kugira ngo imicungire y’ibicuruzwa bitangwe neza, ibikoresho bitandukanye bigezweho bibikwa mu mijyi minini ya Irani harimo Tehran, Isfahan, Mashhad, Tabriz n'ibindi. 5.Ibikorwa byo gutwara abantu n'ibintu: Ibigo bitandukanye byohereza ibicuruzwa bikorera muri Irani bitanga ibisubizo byuzuye byubwikorezi nka serivisi zitangwa ku nzu n'inzu binyuze mu nzira cyangwa imizigo yo mu kirere hashingiwe ku bisabwa byihariye. Kugira abafatanyabikorwa bazwi birashobora gukemura ibibazo byo kwimuka neza kubicuruzwa byawe. 6.Ikibazo gishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga: Gushyira mu bikorwa ibisubizo bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga bishingiye ku bikoresho bishobora kongera imikorere mu bikorwa, bikagabanya imirimo y'amaboko. Binyuze ku mbuga za interineti, urashobora gukurikirana ibyo wohereje igihe nyacyo, ugahindura inzira, kandi ugateza imbere itumanaho hagati y'abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye bagize uruhare mu gutanga amasoko. . Muri rusange, ibikoresho bya Irani byateye imbere cyane mu myaka yashize, bitanga serivisi zizewe kandi zinoze. Gufatanya n’abatanga ibikoresho by’inararibonye bafite ubumenyi bwimbitse ku mabwiriza ya Irani n’ibikorwa remezo birashobora gutuma imicungire y’ibicuruzwa bitagira ingano ndetse n’ibikorwa by’ibikoresho bigenda neza.

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Irani nigihugu cyuzuyemo amateka akomeye nisoko rishimishije kubaguzi mpuzamahanga. Mu myaka yashize, igihugu cyakomeje gukingura ubukungu bwacyo mu masosiyete y’amahanga, bituma amahirwe yo kongera ubucuruzi n’ishoramari ku isi byiyongera. Hano hari imiyoboro yingenzi n’imurikagurisha kubaguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwabo muri Irani. 1. Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi: Irani yakiriye imurikagurisha ryinshi ry’ubucuruzi rikurura abaguzi ku isi. Iri murika ritanga urubuga rwiza rwo guhuza ibikorwa byubucuruzi, kwerekana ibicuruzwa na serivisi, no gushakisha ubufatanye bushoboka. Bimwe mu imurikagurisha ryamamaye muri Irani harimo imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ibitabo bya Tehran (rimwe mu imurikagurisha rinini ry’ibitabo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati), imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’inganda rya Tehran (ryibanze ku bicuruzwa by’inganda), Irani ibiryo + Bev Tec (byahariwe ikoranabuhanga ritunganya ibiribwa), na Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ubukerarugendo bwa Tehran (igikorwa kigamije guteza imbere ubukerarugendo). 2. Urugereko rw’Ubucuruzi: Urugereko rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Irani n’ikigo cyingenzi gitanga umutungo n’amasano ku baguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka kwishora mu bucuruzi bwa Irani. Ikora nk'ikiraro hagati y’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu na bagenzi babo bo mu mahanga, itanga amakuru ku mahirwe y’ishoramari, koroshya imishyikirano y’ubucuruzi, gutanga ubufasha mu by'amategeko, no gutegura inama z’ubucuruzi. 3. Ibikorwa bya Guverinoma: Guverinoma ya Irani yagiye ikora cyane mu gukurura ishoramari ry’amahanga mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zitandukanye nka Zone y'Ubucuruzi bwisanzuye (FTZ) mu turere dutandukanye tw’igihugu. Izi FTZ zitanga imisoro idasanzwe, uburyo bworoshye bwo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga, amategeko yoroheje ku burenganzira bwa nyirubwite, hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo bihagije - bigatuma berekeza cyane ku bashoramari b’amahanga. 4. Amasoko yo kumurongo: Kimwe nibindi bihugu byinshi kwisi, urubuga rwa digitale rwagize akamaro kanini mubucuruzi bwa Irani. Imiyoboro ya e-ubucuruzi bwaho nka Digikala.com yemerera abagurisha mpuzamahanga kugera kubakiriya benshi kurutonde rwibicuruzwa byabo kumurongo. 5. Urubuga rwa B2B: Gukoresha imbuga za B2B birashobora kuba ubundi buryo bwiza kubaguzi mpuzamahanga guhuza nabatanga ibicuruzwa biva munganda zitandukanye muri Irani neza. Imbuga nka IraniB2B.com na IraniTradex.com zitanga urubuga kubaguzi kureba ibicuruzwa, kugereranya ibiciro, no guhuza neza nababitanga. 6. Imurikagurisha mu mahanga: Amasosiyete yo muri Irani nayo yitabira cyane imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ryabereye mu mahanga. Kwitabira imurikagurisha birashobora gutanga amahirwe kubaguzi mpuzamahanga guhura nabanyamahanga bohereza ibicuruzwa muri Irani no gucukumbura ubufatanye bwubucuruzi ku rwego rwisi. 7. Ibikorwa byo guhuza ibikorwa: Kwitabira ibikorwa byo guhuza ibikorwa byubucuruzi byateguwe n’amashyirahamwe yinganda cyangwa ibyumba byubucuruzi nubundi buryo bwiza bwo guhura nabafatanyabikorwa baturuka mumirenge itandukanye bashishikajwe no kwagura ibikorwa byabo mumahanga. Wibuke, mbere yo kwishora mubucuruzi cyangwa kwitabira ibirori ibyo aribyo byose, ni ngombwa ko abaguzi mpuzamahanga bakora umwete ukwiye, harimo gusobanukirwa n’amabwiriza y’ibanze n’umuco, kugenzura niba abaterankunga bashobora kwizerwa, no kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi.

Imashini zishakisha

Irani, nk'igihugu cyo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, ifite moteri y’ishakisha rikunze gukoreshwa. Izi moteri zishakisha zaho zihuza ibyifuzo byabakoresha interineti ya Irani batanga ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bijyanye nibirimo mururimi rwigifarisi. Dore zimwe muri moteri zishakisha zizwi zikoreshwa muri Irani: 1. Parsijoo (www.parsijoo.ir): Parsijoo ni imwe muri moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa cyane muri Irani. Itanga urubuga rwuzuye rwo gushakisha kurubuga, harimo amashusho no gushakisha amashusho. 2. Yooz (www.yooz.ir): Yooz niyindi moteri yishakisha izwi cyane yo muri Irani itanga uburyo bwamakuru atandukanye kumurongo harimo amakuru, amashusho, amashusho, nibindi byinshi. 3. Neshat (www. 4. Zoomg (www.zoomg.ir): Zoomg nubuyobozi bwurubuga rwa Irani na moteri ishakisha aho abakoresha bashobora kubona imbuga zijyanye ninsanganyamatsiko zitandukanye nkamakuru, blog, ubucuruzi, imyidagaduro, nibindi byinshi. 5. Mihanblog (www. 6. Aparat (www. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kubera ibihano byafatiwe Irani n’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba mu myaka yashize bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bwa serivisi za interineti n’amasosiyete cyangwa Irani ikorera muri Irani bishobora kugira ingaruka cyangwa bigarukira ku bigo by’amahanga byinjira kuri izo mbuga hanze y’umupaka wa Irani; icyakora cyane cyane serivisi za VPN zishobora gutuma abantu bava mumahanga iyo byemewe namabwiriza y’ibanze cyangwa imipaka yashyizweho n’ubuyobozi bw’ibihugu byabo.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Muri Irani, ububiko bukuru cyangwa impapuro z'umuhondo zitanga amakuru kubyerekeranye nubucuruzi, serivisi, nandi masano ajyanye nibi bikurikira: 1. Irani Urupapuro rwumuhondo (www.iranyellowpages.net): Ubu bubiko bwa interineti butanga urutonde rwuzuye rwubucuruzi mu nganda zitandukanye muri Irani. Itanga uburyo bwo gushakisha bushingiye ku byiciro nka hoteri, ibitaro, ababikora, nibindi byinshi. 2. Urugereko rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Irani (www.iccim.org): Urubuga rw’Urugaga rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Irani ni umutungo w’ingenzi mu kubona amakuru arambuye n’amakuru ajyanye n’amasosiyete yo muri Irani agira uruhare mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Itanga kandi uburyo bwo kubona imibare yubucuruzi namakuru ajyanye nubucuruzi. 3. Ubucuruzi bw’Umujyi wa Tehran (www.tehran.ir/business-directory): Biyobowe n’Umujyi wa Tehran, iki gitabo cyibanda ku bucuruzi buri mu murwa mukuru. Itondekanya ibigo bishingiye ku nzego zinganda nkibiryo n'ibinyobwa, ubwubatsi, ubukerarugendo, nibindi, bitanga amakuru yabo. 4. Touring & Automobile Club yo muri Repubulika ya Kisilamu ya Irani (www.touringclubir.com): Aka gatabo kabuhariwe muri serivisi zijyanye n'ubukerarugendo muri Irani nka hoteri, ibigo by’ubukerarugendo, ubukode bw’imodoka kandi bikurura abashyitsi bo mu karere ndetse n’amahanga bashaka amakuru yihariye mbere gutegura urugendo rwabo. 5. Isosiyete ishinzwe iterambere ry'ubukerarugendo bwa Pars (www.ptdtravel.com): Kwibanda kuri ba mukerarugendo bashishikajwe no gusura ahantu nyaburanga hamwe n’ahantu nyaburanga hirya no hino mu Buperesi / Irani mu karere cyangwa ku isi hose bafite uburambe bw’imyaka 30 bashobora gutanga ibigo by’ubukerarugendo bireba kugira ngo babone ubundi bufasha. 6. Ishyirahamwe ryabakora inganda n’inganda - AMIEI (http://amiei.org/ cyangwa https://amieiran.mimt.gov.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=2054&language=en-US): By'umwihariko kugaburira abakora inganda iri shyirahamwe ritanga urutonde rwuzuye hamwe nimirenge yabo kubibazo byose byubucuruzi umuntu yaba afite mbere yo gukomeza amasezerano Nyamuneka menya ko imbuga zimwe zishobora guhinduka cyangwa kuvugururwa mugihe; burigihe birasabwa kugenzura agaciro nukuri mbere yo gushingira kumakuru yatanzwe.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Irani ifite isoko rya e-ubucuruzi ryiyongera, kandi urubuga runini rukora ibyifuzo byabaguzi kumurongo muri iki gihugu. Hano hari bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi bya e-ubucuruzi muri Irani hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1 Urubuga: www.digikala.com 2. Bamilo: Urundi rubuga rukomeye muri Irani, Bamilo kabuhariwe mubyiciro bitandukanye byibicuruzwa nka electronics, ibikoresho byo murugo, imyambaro, ibicuruzwa byiza, nibindi byinshi. Iranga ibirango byaho ndetse n’amahanga. Urubuga: www.bamilo.com 3. Alibaba.ir (11st. Itanga ibintu byinshi kuva kuri electronics kugeza kumyambarire nibindi byinshi. Urubuga: www.alibaba.ir 4 Ikora kandi iduka ryibiryo kumurongo ryitwa NetBargMarket ritanga serivise zo kugemura ibiribwa. Urubuga: www.netbarg.com 5- Takhfifan (Itsinda rya Takhfifan): Bisa na moderi ya NetBarg ariko hamwe nuburyo bwagutse burenze amasezerano ya buri munsi harimo amatike y'ibirori ya sinema cyangwa ibitaramo cyangwa kubika muri resitora yaho n'ibindi. Urubuga: https://takhfifan.com/ 6- Isoko rya Snapp (Itsinda rya Snapp): Isoko rya Snapp rikora nka supermarket kumurongo itanga serivise yihuse yo kugura ibiribwa byatanzwe kumuryango wawe. Urubuga: https://www.snappmarket.ir/ 7- Sheypoor: Inzobere mu kwamamaza byashyizwe ahagaragara bisa na Craigslist, Sheypoor yemerera abakoresha kugura no kugurisha ibintu bitandukanye nk'imodoka zikoreshwa, terefone zigendanwa, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, n'ibindi. Urubuga: www.sheypoor.com Izi porogaramu zitanga Abanyayirani uburyo bwo guhaha kumurongo kandi bigahuza ibyifuzo byinshi byabaguzi. Twabibutsa ko uru rutonde rushobora kuba rutuzuye, kubera ko urubuga rushya rukomeje kugaragara mu bihugu bya Irani bigenda byiyongera.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Irani ni igihugu cyo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati kizwiho amateka akomeye n'umurage ndangamuco. Kimwe n'ibindi bihugu, Irani nayo ifite imbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa cyane n'abaturage. Dore zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zizwi cyane muri Irani hamwe n'imbuga zabo: 1. Telegaramu (www.telegram.org): Telegramu ni imwe muri porogaramu zohererezanya ubutumwa muri Irani. Itanga ibintu nkubutumwa bwihuse, guhamagara amajwi, no kugabana dosiye. Abanyayirani benshi bakoresha Telegramu nkibanze ryibanze kugirango bahuze inshuti, umuryango, nabaturage. 2. Instagram (www.instagram.com): Instagram ikoreshwa cyane muri Irani kugirango dusangire amafoto na videwo nabayoboke. Yamamaye cyane mubakoresha Irani kubera kwerekana amashusho no guhuza nabandi binyuze mubitekerezo no kohereza ubutumwa butaziguye. 3. Soroush (www.soroush-app.ir): Soroush ni porogaramu yohererezanya ubutumwa bwa Irani isa na Telegramu ariko yagenewe by'umwihariko Abanyayirani. Itanga ibiganiro mumatsinda, guhamagara amajwi, kugabana dosiye, guhamagara kuri videwo, nibindi bintu bikorana. 4. Aparat (www.aparat.com): Aparat ni urubuga rwo gusangira amashusho rwo muri Irani rusa na YouTube aho abakoresha bashobora kohereza no gusangira amashusho ku ngingo zitandukanye zirimo imyidagaduro, umuziki, politiki, inyigisho, n'ibindi. 5. Icyuho (www.gap.im): Gap Messenger niyindi porogaramu izwi cyane yohererezanya ubutumwa ikoreshwa nabanya Irani kubutumwa bugufi ndetse no guhamagara amajwi. Itanga iherezo-iherezo ryibanga ryemeza ubuzima bwite mugihe ushyikirana. 6.Twitter (https://twitter.com/) -Nubwo Twitter idashobora gufatwa nkimbuga nkoranyambaga ishingiye ku Buperesi, iracyari imwe mu mbuga zizwi cyane mu Banyayirani. Itanga umuyoboro abantu bagaragaza ibitekerezo byabo, kwiyamamaza , no guhuza hamwe nisi yose. 7.Snapp (https://snapp.ir/) -Snapp ni serivisi yo gutwara abantu muri Irani.Niba ushaka serivisi zitwara abantu muri Irani, iyi porogaramu igendanwa irashobora kugufasha kubona tagisi zizewe cyangwa abashoferi bigenga. irashobora gufasha abagenzi nkuko bahuza nabashobora gutwara. Izi ni mbarwa muma mbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa muri Irani. Buri rubuga rukora intego zitandukanye kandi rufite umwihariko wihariye kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byabakoresha ba Irani nibyifuzo byabo mubijyanye n'imibanire, itumanaho, cyangwa imyidagaduro.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Irani ifite amashyirahamwe menshi yinganda zifite uruhare runini mugutezimbere no guhagararira inyungu zinzego zitandukanye. Hano hari amashyirahamwe azwi cyane muri Irani, hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Irani, Inganda, Mine, n’Ubuhinzi (ICCIMA) - Iri ni rimwe mu mashyirahamwe akomeye muri Irani. Yerekana inyungu z'inzego zitandukanye zirimo ubucuruzi, inganda, ibirombe, n'ubuhinzi. Urubuga: http://www.iccima.ir/en/ 2. Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zikomoka kuri peteroli muri Irani (IOIA) - IOIA ihagarariye ibigo n’imiryango igira uruhare mu rwego rwa peteroli na gaze muri Irani. Ikora igamije guteza imbere ubufatanye, gusangira ubumenyi, niterambere mu nganda. Urubuga: http://ioia.ir/en/ 3. Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zikomoka kuri peteroli (APIC) - APIC ihagarariye ibigo bifite uruhare mu bucukuzi bwa peteroli muri Irani. Bagamije kuzamura ubufatanye hagati y’abanyamuryango mu guteza imbere ubushobozi bw’ikoranabuhanga no kongera isoko ku isoko. Urubuga: http://apiciran.com/ 4. Ishyirahamwe ry’aborozi b’inka bo muri Irani (ICBA) - ICBA yibanda ku guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubworozi bw’inka mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi bwa Irani itanga gahunda z’amahugurwa no gutera inkunga ibikorwa bijyanye n'ubworozi. Urubuga: Kubwamahirwe sinashoboye kubona urubuga rwemewe rwa ICBA. 5. Ishyirahamwe ry’imyenda y’imyenda yo muri Irani (ITMA) - ITMA ihagarariye abakora imyenda mu nganda z’imyenda ya Irani batanga serivisi zifasha nko gufasha mu kwamamaza no kunganira politiki zifasha uru rwego. Urubuga: Kubwamahirwe sinashoboye kubona urubuga rwemewe rwa ITMA. 6.Ishyirahamwe rya Irani ryinganda zikora ibinyabiziga (IASPMA) - Iri shyirahamwe rikora nkurwego ruhagarariye abakora ibinyabiziga muri Irani. Bakora mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubuziranenge muri uru rwego ari nako basaba inkunga leta yo kuzamura umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu. Urubuga: http: //aspma.ir/en Nyamuneka menya ko amashyirahamwe amwe adashobora kuba afite imbuga za interineti zicyongereza cyangwa imbuga zabo ntizishobora kuboneka hanze ya Irani kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Burigihe nibyiza gukora ubushakashatsi bwinyongera cyangwa kwegera inzego zibishinzwe kumakuru agezweho.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Irani ni igihugu giherereye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati gituwe n'abaturage barenga miliyoni 82. Ifite ubukungu bushingiye cyane cyane kuri peteroli na gaze byoherezwa mu mahanga, ariko kandi bikubiyemo izindi nzego nk'ubuhinzi, inganda, na serivisi. Hano hari imbuga za interineti zikomeye zubukungu nubucuruzi bya Irani hamwe na URL zabo: 1. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Irani, Inganda, Mine, n’Ubuhinzi (ICCIMA) - Uru rubuga rutanga amakuru ajyanye n’ubucuruzi bwa Irani, amahirwe y’ishoramari, amabwiriza y’ubucuruzi, ndetse n’ubuyobozi bw’amasosiyete yo muri Irani. Urubuga: https://www.iccima.ir/en 2. Isoko ry’imigabane rya Tehran (TSE) - TSE n’isoko ry’ibanze rya Irani aho imigabane y’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu igurishwa. Urubuga rugaragaza amakuru nyayo yisoko, imyirondoro yisosiyete, amakuru agezweho, namakuru y abashoramari. Urubuga: https://www.tse.ir/en 3. Minisiteri y’inganda / Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro / Ubucuruzi - Izi mbuga eshatu zitandukanye muri minisiteri zitandukanye zitanga amakuru y'ingenzi kuri politiki n'amabwiriza yihariye y’inganda bijyanye n'ibikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kugira ngo byorohereze ubucuruzi muri izo nganda. Minisiteri yinganda: https://maed.mimt.gov.ir/en/ Minisiteri y'Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro: http://www.mim.gov.ir/?lang=en Minisiteri y'Ubucuruzi: http://otaghiranonline.com/en/ 4. Ubuyobozi bwa gasutamo ya Irani (IRICA) - Uru rubuga rutanga amakuru yuzuye ku buryo bwa gasutamo harimo amabwiriza yo gutumiza / kohereza mu mahanga ku bantu cyangwa ku bucuruzi bakora ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga na Irani. Urubuga: https://en.customs.gov.ir/ 5. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Tehran Mines & Ubuhinzi (TCCIM) - Urubuga rwa TCCIM rworohereza umubano hagati y’ubucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu na bagenzi babo bo mu mahanga batanga uburyo bwo kubona ububiko bw’ubufatanye cyangwa ubufatanye mu nganda zitandukanye. Urubuga: http://en.tccim.ir/ 6. Banki Nkuru ya Repubulika ya Kisilamu ya Irani (ସିବିଆଇ) - Nk’ikigo cy’amabanki nkuru y’igihugu kigenga politiki y’ifaranga muri Irani., Urubuga rwa ସିବିଆଇ rutanga imibare y’ubukungu, politiki y’ifaranga, igipimo cy’ivunjisha, n’andi makuru ajyanye n’ubucuruzi n’abashoramari. Urubuga: https://www.cbi.ir/ Izi ni nkeya gusa kurubuga rukomeye rwubukungu nubucuruzi bya Irani. Ariko, birakwiye ko tumenya ko kubera ibihe bya politiki cyangwa impinduka muri politiki ya leta, imbuga zimwe na zimwe zishobora kutagerwaho byigihe gito cyangwa imikorere ifite ubushobozi buke. Nibyiza kugisha inama inzego zubucuruzi cyangwa ambasade zamakuru kugirango amakuru agezweho ku ngingo iyo ari yo yose ijyanye n’ubukungu n’ubucuruzi bwa Irani.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Hariho urubuga rwinshi rwibibazo byubucuruzi kuri Irani. Dore urutonde rwa bamwe bakomeye hamwe na aderesi zabo kurubuga: 1. Urubuga rwubucuruzi rwa Irani (https://www.irtp.com): Uru rubuga rwemewe rutanga amakuru yuzuye kubyerekeye ibikorwa byubucuruzi muri Irani, harimo imibare itumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, amahoro, amabwiriza, hamwe n’isesengura ry’isoko. 2. Tribune yimari (https://financialtribune.com/trade-data): Financial Tribune nikinyamakuru cyo muri Irani kivuga Icyongereza gitanga igice cyahariwe amakuru yubucuruzi nisesengura. Itanga imibare yubucuruzi iheruka, imigendekere yisoko, na raporo ku nganda zitandukanye. 3. Ikigo gishinzwe amakuru ya repubulika ya kisilamu (http://www.irna.ir/en/tradeservices/): IRNA itanga igice kurubuga rwayo aho abakoresha bashobora kubona serivisi zubucuruzi zirimo imibare itumizwa mu mahanga / ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa cyangwa igihugu cyerekeza / aho bakomoka. 4. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Tehran (http://en.tccim.ir/services/trade-statistics): Urugaga rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Tehran rufite igice ku rubuga rwacyo rw’icyongereza rutanga imibare y’ubucuruzi ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga na Irani mu nzego zitandukanye. 5. Banki Nkuru ya Irani (https://www.cbi.ir/exchangeratesbanking.aspx?type=trade&lang=en): Urubuga rwemewe rwa Banki Nkuru rutanga amakuru ajyanye n’ifaranga ry’ivunjisha ryo gutumiza / kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze hiyongereyeho andi mafaranga. amakuru ajyanye n'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Nyamuneka menya ko izi mbuga zitanga ibikoresho byingenzi kugirango tubone amakuru agezweho yerekeye ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bya Irani, ibicuruzwa, ibihugu bifite uruhare mu bufatanye n’ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu byombi, ibipimo by’ubukungu, n’ibindi.

B2b

Irani, nk'igihugu kizwiho amateka akomeye n'umurage ndangamuco, nacyo cyahinduye ibihe bigenda bihinduka hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga hamwe na sisitemu. Hano hari Irani nyinshi za B2B zihuza ibyifuzo byubucuruzi mu nganda zitandukanye. Hano hari bimwe bigaragara hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Irani, Inganda, Mine n’Ubuhinzi (ICCIMA) - https://en.iccima.ir/ Uru rubuga rukora ihuriro ry’amasosiyete yo muri Irani guhuza n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga no gucukumbura amahirwe y’ubucuruzi. 2. TadbirPardaz (EMalls) - https://www.e-malls.ir/ EMalls ni urubuga rwa e-ubucuruzi muri Irani rutanga serivisi zubucuruzi-kugura no kugurisha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye mugihugu. 3. Niviport - http://niviport.com/ Niviport yibanze ku guhuza abakora inganda za Irani, abadandaza, abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, abatumiza mu mahanga, n’abatanga serivisi binyuze ku isoko rya B2B ku isoko. 4. Isosiyete ya Bazaar - https://bazaarcompanyny.com/ Isosiyete ya Bazaar itanga urubuga rwuzuye rwo gucuruza ibicuruzwa bya Irani kwisi yose mugutanga ibisubizo byishyurwa byizewe hamwe na serivisi y'ibikoresho. 5. KalaExpo - http://kalaexpo.com/en/main KalaExpo igamije guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya Irani ihuza ibicuruzwa byaho n'abaguzi mpuzamahanga binyuze ku rubuga rwa B2B. 6. Irani yohereza ibicuruzwa mububiko bwububiko (EPD) - https://epd.ir/en/urugo.aspx EPD ni data base yerekana amasosiyete yohereza ibicuruzwa muri Irani mu bice bitandukanye, atanga abaguzi ku isi inzira yo gushiraho ubucuruzi. 7. Urubuga rwubucuruzi rwa Mahsan - http://mtpiran.com/english/index.php Yateguwe byumwihariko kubakoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki babigize umwuga kwisi yose, Mahsan Trading Portal ikora nkikiraro hagati yinganda zikora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ya Irani hamwe nabakiriya bashobora kwisi yose. 8. Agricomplexi-Portal - http://agricomplexi-portal.net/index.en/ Agricomplexi-Portal yibanda ku nganda z’ubuhinzi zo muri Irani, zihuza abahinzi bo mu gihugu n’abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze n’abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashishikajwe n’ibikomoka ku buhinzi bwa Irani. Izi porogaramu za B2B zitanga amahirwe kubucuruzi bwo kwagura imiyoboro yabo, ibicuruzwa biva muri serivisi cyangwa serivisi, no gushyiraho ubufatanye muri Irani. Buri gihe birasabwa gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse nubushishozi bukwiye mugihe ukoresha izi mbuga kugirango habeho gukorera mu mucyo no kwizerwa.