TogTok

Incamake y'igihugu
Ifaranga ry'igihugu
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha
Ibiruhuko by'ingenzi
Ubucuruzi bw’amahanga
Iterambere ryisoko
Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishyushye ku isoko
Ibiranga abakiriya na kirazira
Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo
Kuzana politiki y’imisoro
Politiki yo kohereza hanze
Impamyabumenyi isabwa kohereza hanze
Basabwe ibikoresho
Imiyoboro yo guteza imbere abaguzi

Koreya y'Epfo, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Koreya (ROK), ni igihugu gifite imbaraga kandi gitera imbere giherereye muri Aziya y'Uburasirazuba. Igabana umupaka w’amajyaruguru na Koreya ya Ruguru, mu gihe inkombe y’amajyepfo isomwa ninyanja yumuhondo. Hatuwe n’abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 51, Koreya yepfo yigaragaje nk’ubukungu bukomeye ndetse n’umuyobozi w’isi mu ikoranabuhanga. Ifite gahunda ikomeye yuburezi itanga ibisubizo byamasomo kandi ishimangira akamaro ko guhanga udushya. Umurwa mukuru, Seoul, ntabwo ari ikigo cya politiki gusa ahubwo ni ihuriro rikuru ry'umuco w'igihugu. Azwiho kuba ari skyline itangaje hamwe n’imihanda yuzuye, Seoul itanga uruvange rw'imigenzo n'ibigezweho. Abashyitsi barashobora gushakisha ibimenyetso nyaburanga nk’ingoro ya Gyeongbokgung cyangwa bakishora mu guhaha mu turere tuzwi nka Myeongdong. Ibyokurya bya koreya yepfo bimaze kumenyekana mumahanga kubera uburyohe bwihariye nibiryo bitandukanye. Kuva kimchi kugeza bibimbap kugeza bulgogi, ibiryo byabo byizihizwa kubera gukoresha ibintu bishya bihujwe nibirungo bitandukanye bitera uburambe bwa gastronomique. Umuziki wa K-pop nawo wagaragaye nkumuco ukomeye woherezwa muri Koreya yepfo mumyaka yashize. Hamwe nibikorwa byatsinze kwisi nka BTS iyobora inzira, K-pop yigaruriye imitima kwisi yose binyuze mumiririmbire ishimishije hamwe na choreografiya itangaje. Ku bijyanye n'ubwiza nyaburanga, Koreya y'Epfo itanga ahantu nyaburanga hakubiyemo imisozi, parike z'igihugu, hamwe n'ahantu heza h'inyanja. Parike y'igihugu ya Seoraksan ikurura ba mukerarugendo hamwe n’ahantu heza cyane mu gihe ikirwa cya Jeju giha abashyitsi amasoko meza n’ubuvumo bw’ibirunga kugira ngo bashakishe. Politiki ihamye n’imiyoborere ishingiye kuri demokarasi kuva 1987 nyuma yimyaka myinshi iyobowe nubutegetsi bwigitugu, Koreya yepfo yashyizeho umubano w’ububanyi n’ububanyi n’amahanga ku isi yose.Bagize uruhare rukomeye mu bibazo by’isi yose, nko kwakira inama ya G20 no gutanga ingabo mu butumwa mpuzamahanga bwo kubungabunga amahoro. Muri rusange, Koreya y'Epfo yigaragaza nk'igihugu gihuza amateka akomeye, umuco gakondo ushingiye ku mizi, hamwe n'iterambere rigezweho, bigatuma iba ahantu heza h'ingendo, amahirwe mu bucuruzi, no guhanahana umuco.

Ifaranga rya Koreya yepfo ni Koreya yepfo Won (KRW). Ni isoko ryemewe kandi ryemewe n'amategeko mugihugu. Ikimenyetso cyakoreshejwe kubatsinze ni ₩, kandi kigabanijwemo subunits bita jeon. Ariko, jeon ntagikoreshwa mubikorwa bya buri munsi. Banki ya Koreya ifite ububasha bwihariye bwo gutanga no kugenzura ikwirakwizwa ry’ifaranga muri Koreya yepfo. Banki nkuru igira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga ibiciro no kuzamura ubukungu binyuze muri politiki y’ifaranga. Agaciro k'intsinzi ihindagurika ishingiye ku bintu bitandukanye, nk'ibisabwa n'ibisabwa imbaraga, imiterere y'ubukungu, uburinganire bw'ubucuruzi, n'iterambere rya politiki. Intsinzi irashobora kuvunjisha amafaranga y’amahanga kuri banki cyangwa konti zemewe zo kuvunja mu gihugu hose. Abagenzi barashobora kandi kuvana amafaranga muri ATM bakoresheje amakarita yo kubikuza cyangwa amakarita yinguzanyo yemewe na banki zaho. Serivise zo kuvunja amafaranga ziraboneka byoroshye kubibuga byindege, amahoteri, amasoko yubucuruzi, nahandi hantu nyaburanga. Koreya y'Epfo ifite gahunda y’amabanki yateye imbere cyane hamwe n’amabanki menshi yo mu karere ndetse n’amahanga mpuzamahanga akorera mu mbibi zayo. Ibicuruzwa byamafaranga ahanini bikorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga cyangwa binyuze mu ikarita yo kubikuza / gukoresha inguzanyo aho gukoresha amafaranga yumubiri. Muri rusange, Koreya y'Epfo ikomeza gahunda y’ifaranga ihamye ishyigikira ubukungu bwateye imbere kandi ikorohereza ibikorwa by’imari bidasubirwaho mu mipaka y’igihugu ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga. (Amagambo 290)

Ifaranga ryemewe na Koreya yepfo ni Koreya yepfo yatsindiye (KRW). Ibiciro bigereranijwe byivunjisha kumafaranga akomeye naya akurikira: - 1 USD (Amadorari y'Amerika) ≈ 1,212 KRW - 1 EUR (Euro) ≈ 1,344 KRW - 1 GBP (Sterling yo mu Bwongereza) ≈ 1.500 KRW - 1 JPY (Yapani Yen) ≈ 11.2 KRW - 1 CNY / Amafaranga (Umushinwa Yuan Renminbi) ≈157 KRW Nyamuneka menya ko igipimo cy’ivunjisha gishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’isoko. Buri gihe birasabwa kugenzura hamwe nisoko ryizewe cyangwa ikigo cyimari kubiciro bigezweho mbere yo gukora amafaranga yose cyangwa ibikorwa.

Koreya y'Epfo yizihiza iminsi mikuru myinshi ifite akamaro gakomeye mu muco. Imwe mu minsi mikuru nkiyi ni Seollal, bakunze kwita umwaka mushya wa koreya. Irerekana umwaka mushya w'ukwezi kandi ni igihe imiryango iteranira kubaha abakurambere babo, kwishora mu migenzo gakondo, no gusangirira hamwe hamwe. Muri ibi biruhuko, Abanyakoreya bambara imyenda gakondo yitwa hanbok bagakina imikino gakondo nka Yutnori. Undi munsi mukuru ukomeye muri Koreya yepfo ni Chuseok, bakunze kwita Thanksgiving ya koreya. Bikorwa mu gihe cyizuba kandi ni igihe Abanyakoreya bubaha abakurambere babo basura imigi yabo ndetse n’imva za basekuruza. Chuseok ashimangira kandi akamaro ko guteranira hamwe mumuryango kandi atanga amahirwe kubantu gusangira ibiryo biryoshye nka songpyeon (umutsima wumuceri), imbuto, amafi, nibindi biryo bitandukanye. Ku munsi w'ubwigenge (Gwangbokjeol), wizihizwa ku ya 15 Kanama buri mwaka, Koreya y'Epfo iributsa ko yakuwe mu bukoloni bw'Abayapani mu 1945 Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose irangiye. Numunsi wingenzi kubanyakoreya kuko uhagarariye ubwisanzure nubwigenge. Umunsi w'abana (Eorininal) ku ya 5 Gicurasi ni undi munsi mukuru uzwi cyane ku mibereho y'abana n'ibyishimo. Kuri uyumunsi, ababyeyi bakunze gusohora abana babo mubikorwa nka picnike cyangwa gusura parike zidagadura kugirango babagaragaze urukundo no kubashimira. Byongeye kandi, Isabukuru y'amavuko ya Buda (Seokga Tansinil) yubahirizwa ukurikije ikirangaminsi cy'ukwezi buri mwaka. Yizihijwe n'iminsi mikuru y'amatara muri Koreya y'Epfo muri Mata cyangwa Gicurasi, iha icyubahiro ivuka rya Lord Buddha n'imigenzo itandukanye y'idini ikorerwa mu nsengero mu gihugu hose. Iyi minsi mikuru ntabwo ari umwanya wo kwizihiza gusa ahubwo inagaragaza umurage gakondo w’umuco wa Koreya yepfo mugihe utezimbere indangagaciro nkubumwe bwumuryango, kubaha abakurambere, gushimira ibidukikije, kwishimira inzirakarengane zabana, ishema ryigihugu mubwisanzure bwagezweho binyuze mumirwano yamateka yo kurwanya ubukoloni ingwate; kurangiza bikubiyemo umwuka nindangamuntu yabanyakoreya.

Koreya y'Epfo, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Koreya (ROK), ni igihugu giherereye muri Aziya y'Uburasirazuba. Abaturage barenga miliyoni 51, Koreya yepfo yagaragaye nkimwe mubukungu byambere ku isi. Imiterere y’ubucuruzi mu gihugu irangwa n’ubukungu bukomeye bushingiye ku kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Koreya y'Epfo izwiho kuba imwe mu bihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi ku isi kandi ifite ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byo gutanga. Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imodoka, amato, ibikomoka kuri peteroli, n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Amerika n'Ubushinwa biri mu bafatanyabikorwa bakomeye ba Koreya y'Epfo. Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’Amerika na Koreya yepfo (KORUS) yazamuye cyane ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu byombi hagati yibi bihugu byombi. Byongeye kandi, Ubushinwa bukomeje kuba isoko yingenzi kubicuruzwa bya koreya kubera umubare munini wabaguzi. Mu myaka yashize, Koreya y'Epfo yibanze kandi ku guteza imbere amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu n’uturere dutandukanye ku isi kugira ngo yongere isoko ryayo. Amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu bukungu (CEPAs) yashyizweho n’ibihugu nk’Ubuhinde n’ibihugu bigize ASEAN. N’ubwo ari ingufu zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, Koreya yepfo nayo itumiza mu mahanga umubare munini wibikoresho fatizo n’ingufu zikenewe mu nganda zayo. Amavuta ya peteroli agize igice kinini cyibyo bitumizwa mu mahanga kubera amikoro make yo mu gihugu. Byongeye kandi, amasosiyete yo muri Koreya yepfo yaguye isi yose ashora imari mumasoko yo hanze no gushinga inganda zikora mumahanga. Izi ngamba zabemereye gutandukanya ibikorwa byabo kwisi yose mugihe bagera kumasoko mashya neza. Muri make, ubucuruzi bwa Koreya yepfo burangwa n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bitandukanye nko mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki n’imodoka. Igihugu gikomeje gushakisha isoko binyuze mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi atandukanye ku buntu mu gihe hajyaho ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenerwa mu nganda zo mu gihugu. Izi ngamba zagize uruhare runini mu kuzamuka kw’ubukungu no kuzamura urwego ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Koreya y'Epfo, izwi kandi nka Repubulika ya Koreya, ni igihugu giherereye muri Aziya y'Uburasirazuba. Yagaragaye nk'umwe mu bafite uruhare runini mu bucuruzi ku isi kandi ifite imbaraga zikomeye zo kurushaho gutera imbere ku masoko yo hanze. Imwe mumbaraga zingenzi za Koreya yepfo ziri mubikorwa byiterambere byinganda. Igihugu kibamo inganda zitandukanye nka elegitoroniki, imodoka, kubaka ubwato, hamwe na peteroli. Amasosiyete yo muri Koreya nka Samsung, Hyundai, LG yamenyekanye ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera ibicuruzwa byayo byiza. Uru ruganda rukomeye rutuma Koreya yepfo itanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi byapiganwa ku isoko ryisi. Byongeye kandi, Koreya yepfo yashyize imbere guhanga udushya nubushakashatsi & iterambere (R&D) ishoramari. Guverinoma ishyigikiye byimazeyo ibikorwa biteza imbere ikoranabuhanga kandi biteza imbere umuco wo kwihangira imirimo. Ibi byibanda ku guhanga udushya byongera ubushobozi bwigihugu mu gukora ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi ryongerera ubushobozi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Byongeye kandi, Koreya y'Epfo yungukirwa n'amasezerano y'ubucuruzi ku buntu (FTAs) n'ibihugu byinshi ku isi. Ikigaragara cyane ni FTA hamwe na Amerika itanga inyungu kubucuruzi bwibihugu byombi hagati yibi bihugu byombi. Byongeye kandi, yashyizeho FTA n’ibindi bihugu byinshi nkibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ndetse n’ibihugu bya ASEAN bifungura amasoko mashya ku bicuruzwa bya Koreya. Ubwiyongere bukomeje bwa e-ubucuruzi kwisi yose burerekana amahirwe akomeye kubohereza ibicuruzwa muri Koreya yepfo. Hamwe na societe ifitanye isano rya bugufi hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa rya interineti mu baturage bayo, amasosiyete yo muri Koreya yepfo arashobora gukoresha urubuga rwa interineti kugira ngo agere ku baguzi ku isi mu buryo bworoshye kuruta mbere hose. Icyakora, imbogamizi zirahari mu rugendo rwo kwagura isoko rya Koreya y'Epfo nko kongera amarushanwa aturuka mu bindi bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere ndetse no kutamenya neza imiterere ya geopolitike ku mibanire mpuzamahanga ariko izo mbogamizi zirashobora kugabanywa binyuze mu mbaraga zihoraho zigamije ingamba zitandukanye. Mu gusoza, hari amahirwe menshi yo kurushaho gutera imbere ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwa Koreya yepfo bitewe n’inganda zateye imbere zatewe inkunga n’ishoramari R&D hamwe n’amasezerano meza y’ubucuruzi ku isi. Mu kwifashisha izo mbaraga mu gihe zihuza n’iterambere ry’isoko ku isi hose, abatumiza ibicuruzwa muri Koreya yepfo barashobora kurushaho kwagura isoko ryabo ku isoko mpuzamahanga kandi bikagira uruhare runini mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibicuruzwa ku isoko rya Koreya yepfo, hari ibintu bike byingenzi ugomba gusuzuma. Koreya yepfo ifite ubukungu bukomeye kandi burushanwa, bivuze ko isoko risaba ibicuruzwa na serivisi nziza. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gukora ubushakashatsi bunoze kubyo abaguzi bakunda, imigendekere, nibikenewe. Imwe mu nzego zizwi cyane ku isoko ryohereza ibicuruzwa muri Koreya y'Epfo ni ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Hamwe na societe yateye imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, harigihe hakenewe ibikoresho bishya nka terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, nibikoresho byambara. Ibigo bigomba kwibanda ku gutanga ibicuruzwa bigezweho muri uru rwego kugira ngo byunguke abaturage bazi ikoranabuhanga. Ahandi hantu hizewe kubicuruzwa bigurishwa ni kwisiga no kuvura uruhu. Abaguzi ba Koreya yepfo bazwiho uburyo bwitondewe kubijyanye nubwiza, bigatuma inganda zinjiza cyane. Ingamba nziza zo kwamamaza zifatanije nibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge birashobora gutuma marike yo kwisiga igaragara neza kubanywanyi. Imico gakondo nayo igira uruhare runini muguhitamo ibicuruzwa kubucuruzi bwa Koreya yepfo. Umuziki wa K-pop umaze kumenyekana cyane kwisi yose; ibicuruzwa rero bijyanye numuziki birashobora gushakishwa cyane nabafana haba mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga. Ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga ni ikindi kintu cy’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga aho amasosiyete agomba kwitondera. Nubwo ifite imigenzo gakondo yo guteka hamwe nibiryo bizwi nka kimchi cyangwa bulgogi, igihugu kiracyatumiza mu mahanga ibiribwa bitandukanye ku isi kubera isi igenda ihinduka - tekereza ikawa ya gourmet cyangwa shokora nziza. Byongeye kandi, ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu zicyatsi byarushijeho kwifuzwa mugihe impungenge zibidukikije zikomeje kwiyongera kwisi yose. Guverinoma ya Koreya ishyigikiye iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kubaho binyuze mu gushimangira; bityo rero guhitamo ibicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije ntibishobora gusa gukenerwa imbere mu gihugu ahubwo n'amasoko mpuzamahanga ashakisha ibisubizo byangiza ibidukikije. Kurangiza, urebye ibintu nkiterambere ryikoranabuhanga mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki, abakoresha ubwiza-bakunda ibyo bakunda, ingaruka z'umuco wa pop, ibiryo bitandukanye, nubundi buryo burambye muguhitamo ibintu byubucuruzi bizafasha ubucuruzi gutera imbere mumasoko yatumijwe muri Koreya yepfo.

Ibiranga abakiriya muri Koreya yepfo: Koreya y'Epfo, igihugu gifite imbaraga kandi cyateye imbere mu ikoranabuhanga giherereye muri Aziya y'Uburasirazuba, gifite imiterere yihariye iyo bigeze ku myitwarire y'abakiriya. Gusobanukirwa ibyo biranga ni ngombwa kubucuruzi bukora cyangwa buteganya kwaguka ku isoko rya Koreya yepfo. 1. Guhuriza hamwe: Sosiyete y'Abanyakoreya yibanda cyane ku guhuriza hamwe hamwe, guhuza amatsinda n'ubudahemuka bihabwa agaciro gakomeye. Nkabakiriya, Abanyakoreya bakunda gufata ibyemezo byubuguzi bashingiye kumpanuro zumuryango, inshuti, cyangwa abo mukorana aho gushingira gusa kumatangazo. Ijambo-umunwa rifite uruhare runini muguhitamo abaguzi. 2. Ubudahemuka bwa Brand: Abakiriya ba Koreya yepfo nibamara kubona ikirango bizeye kandi banyuzwe, bakunda gukomeza kuba abizerwa mugihe kinini. Ibi bivuze ko ubucuruzi budakeneye kwibanda gusa ku gukurura abakiriya bashya ahubwo bugomba no gushora imari mu kubaka umubano wigihe kirekire nuwariho binyuze muri serivisi zitagira inenge ndetse nubwiza bwibicuruzwa. 3. Ikoranabuhanga rya Savvy: Koreya yepfo izwi nkimwe mubihugu byateye imbere muburyo bwa digitale kwisi yose, hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo kwinjira kuri enterineti no gukoresha terefone nyinshi. Abakiriya biteze ubunararibonye kuri interineti muburyo butandukanye nka e-ubucuruzi bwa porogaramu cyangwa porogaramu zigendanwa. Gutanga ibisubizo byoroshye bya digitale birashobora kuzamura cyane kunyurwa kwabakiriya. Kirazira y'abakiriya muri Koreya y'Epfo: Mugihe ukora ubucuruzi mubihugu byose byamahanga, ni ngombwa kumenya ubukangurambaga bwumuco no kwirinda ibikorwa byose byafatwa nka kirazira cyangwa bibabaje: 1. Kubaha Inzego: Mu muco wa koreya, kubaha urwego ni ngombwa. Irinde gutanga ibyifuzo bitaziguye cyangwa kuvuguruza umuntu ufite ubutware bukuruta iyo ukorana nabakiriya cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa mubucuruzi. 2. Imyitwarire mbonezamubano: Kunywa inzoga akenshi bigira uruhare runini mu kubaka umubano mu nama zubucuruzi cyangwa mu giterane cyitwa "hoesik." Ariko rero, ni ngombwa kunywa neza kandi ugakurikiza ikinyabupfura gikwiye cyo kunywa wemera kuzuza ukoresheje amaboko yombi kandi ntuzigere wuzuza ikirahure cyawe mbere yo gutanga abandi mbere. 3.Gukundana nabasaza: Muri societe zishingiye kuri Confuciya nka Koreya yepfo, kubaha abasaza byashinze imizi. Witondere kandi werekane icyubahiro mugihe ukorana nabakiriya cyangwa abakiriya bakuze ukoresheje imvugo nibimenyetso byicyubahiro. Mugusobanukirwa ibiranga abakiriya no kwirinda amakosa ayo ari yo yose y’umuco, ubucuruzi bushobora kuyobora neza isoko rya koreya yepfo, kubaka umubano ukomeye nabakiriya, no kwemeza gutsinda kwigihe kirekire.

Koreya y'Epfo ifite gahunda ihamye ya gasutamo no kugenzura imipaka kugira ngo umutekano w’umupaka wacyo ugenzurwe kandi ugenzure urujya n'uruza rw'ibicuruzwa n'abantu binjira cyangwa bava mu gihugu. Sisitemu ya gasutamo ya Koreya yepfo izwiho gukora neza no kubahiriza amategeko. Aho binjirira nko ku bibuga by’indege, ku byambu, no ku mipaka y’ubutaka, abagenzi basabwa kunyura mu nzira z’abinjira n’abinjira muri gasutamo. Ni ngombwa ko abashyitsi bitwaza ibyangombwa byingendo nka pasiporo cyangwa viza ikwiye. Bakigera muri Koreya yepfo, abagenzi barashobora kugenzurwa n imizigo nabashinzwe za gasutamo. Kugira ngo iki gikorwa cyihute, birasabwa gutangaza ibintu byose bigomba gutangazwa, nk’amafaranga arenze urugero cyangwa ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bibujijwe gutumiza mu mahanga. Kudatangaza ibintu bibujijwe bishobora kuvamo ihazabu cyangwa ingaruka zemewe n'amategeko. Hariho kandi ibibujijwe kuzana ibicuruzwa bimwe muri Koreya yepfo. Kurugero, ibiyobyabwenge, imbunda, ibisasu, ifaranga ryiganano, porunogarafiya, n’ibinyabuzima bigenda byangirika binyuranyije n’amategeko ya Koreya yepfo kandi birabujijwe rwose. Usibye ibyo bintu byagenwe, abantu bagomba no kumenya imipaka ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bitishyurwa nk’inzoga n’ibicuruzwa by’itabi. Mbere yo kuva muri Koreya y'Epfo, birasabwa kutagura ibicuruzwa byiganano cyangwa kwinjiza ibintu mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko mu rugo kuko ibyo bishobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye mu mategeko mu bihugu byombi. Kugirango boroherezwe kunyura muri gasutamo muri Koreya yepfo, nibyiza ko abagenzi bamenyera amabwiriza yaho mbere yurugendo rwabo. Urubuga rwemewe rwa serivisi ya gasutamo ya Koreya rutanga amakuru yuzuye kubyerekeye ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga / ibyoherezwa mu mahanga hamwe n’amafaranga aboneka kugira ngo akoreshwe. Muri rusange, Sisitemu yo gucunga gasutamo ya Koreya yepfo ishimangira umutekano mu gihe igamije koroshya ubucuruzi bwemewe. Abagenzi bagomba kubahiriza amategeko yose ajyanye no kugenzura imipaka bashishikaye kugira ngo birinde ingaruka z’amategeko gusa ahubwo banagira uruhare mu kubungabunga ibidukikije mu mipaka y’igihugu.

Koreya y'Epfo, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Koreya, ifite politiki isobanutse neza ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Igihugu gishyiraho amahoro ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye bitumizwa mu mahanga mu rwego rwo kurinda inganda zo mu gihugu no kugenzura ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi. Imiterere y’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe muri Koreya yepfo ishingiye ku kode ya Harmonized Sisitemu (HS), ishyira ibicuruzwa mu byiciro hagamijwe gusoresha byoroshye. Igipimo cyibiciro kirashobora gutandukana cyane bitewe nicyiciro cyibicuruzwa byihariye. Muri rusange, Koreya yepfo ikoresha uburyo bwo gutanga ibiciro byamamaza, aho ibiciro bibarwa nkijanisha ryagaciro ka gasutamo yibicuruzwa byatumijwe hanze. Impuzandengo ikoreshwa MFN (Igihugu gikunzwe cyane) igipimo cyibiciro byibicuruzwa byose ni 13%. Icyakora, inzego zimwe zishobora kugira ibiciro biri hejuru cyangwa biri hasi bishingiye kuri politiki ya leta n'amasezerano y'ubucuruzi. Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere kwishyira hamwe kw’ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye muri Aziya, Koreya yepfo yitabira amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’ubucuruzi (FTAs) n’ibihugu cyangwa imiryango itandukanye nka Amerika, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Ishyirahamwe ry’ibihugu byo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya (ASEAN), n’abandi. Izi FTAs zitanga uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa biva mubihugu by’abafatanyabikorwa. Byongeye kandi, Koreya y'Epfo yashyize mu bikorwa ingamba zidasanzwe nko kurwanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga ndetse n'inshingano zo kurwanya amakimbirane mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bushobora kwangiza inganda z’imbere mu gihugu. Izi ngamba zigamije gukosora ingaruka mbi ziterwa n’ibicuruzwa by’amahanga bidahenze cyangwa inkunga zitangwa n’ibihugu byohereza mu mahanga. Nibyingenzi kubatumiza ibicuruzwa kugenzura neza code ya HS kubicuruzwa byabo mbere yo koherezwa kugirango bamenye neza imisoro ikoreshwa neza. Abatumiza mu mahanga bashobora gukenera kugisha inama abakora kuri gasutamo cyangwa inzego zibishinzwe kugira ngo hubahirizwe amabwiriza yo gutumiza muri Koreya y'Epfo. Mu gusoza, Koreya y'Epfo ikurikiza politiki y’imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga igamije kurinda inganda zo mu gihugu mu gihe zishora mu bucuruzi bukwiye ku isi. Gusobanukirwa niyi politiki ningirakamaro kubucuruzi bugira uruhare mu kwinjiza ibicuruzwa muri Koreya yepfo.

Politiki y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Koreya yepfo igamije gushyigikira inganda z’imbere mu gihugu no guteza imbere ubukungu binyuze mu bucuruzi. Igihugu gisora imisoro imwe ku bicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga, ariko ibiciro biratandukana bitewe n'ibicuruzwa n'ibyiciro byayo. Ubwa mbere, Koreya yepfo ifite igipimo rusange cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze 0% kubicuruzwa byinshi. Ibi bivuze ko nta misoro yashyizweho ku bicuruzwa byinshi byoherezwa mu gihugu. Ariko, hariho bimwe bidasanzwe kuri iri tegeko. Ibicuruzwa bimwe byihariye bitangirwa imisoro yoherezwa hanze, mubisanzwe ibintu byubuhinzi nkumuceri cyangwa inyama zinka. Ibicuruzwa bishobora guhura n’amahoro menshi kubera politiki ya leta igamije kurengera umusaruro waho no guharanira umutekano w’ibiribwa ku baturage bayo. Byongeye kandi, Koreya y'Epfo ikoresha kandi inkunga no gushishikariza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu nzego z'ingenzi. Izi ngamba zirimo gahunda yo gufasha amafaranga, kugabanyirizwa imisoro, nizindi ngamba zifasha ibigo byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga nka tekinoroji ya tekinoroji cyangwa ibinyabiziga. Mu gutanga izo nkunga, guverinoma igamije kuzamura ubushobozi bwo guhangana mu nganda ku isi. Muri rusange, Koreya yepfo uburyo bwo gusoresha mu mahanga muri rusange ni byiza ku bucuruzi bwinjira mu bucuruzi bwo hanze. Igipimo gito cyangwa kidahari gishishikariza ibigo kwishora mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mubemerera ibiciro byapiganwa kumasoko yisi. Nyamara, ibicuruzwa bimwe bihura ninshingano zisumbuye kubera politiki yo gukumira cyangwa impamvu zifatika zijyanye ninyungu zigihugu. Ni ngombwa ko abatumiza ibicuruzwa hanze n'abashoramari mu masoko yo muri Koreya y'Epfo bakomeza guhora bahinduwe n'impinduka cyangwa ubusonerwe muri politiki y’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga kubera ko aya makuru ashobora kugira ingaruka ku ngamba z’ibiciro n'amahirwe ku isoko ku buryo bugaragara.

Koreya y'Epfo izwi cyane kubera inganda zikomeye zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kandi yashyizeho uburyo bukomeye bwo kwemeza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Igihugu cyemeza ko ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga, bigatuma ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bihiganwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Sisitemu yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze muri Koreya yepfo igizwe nubwoko butandukanye bwimpamyabumenyi zikoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye. Kimwe mu byemezo byingenzi ni ikimenyetso cya koreya yinganda (KS). Iki kimenyetso cyerekana ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge n’umutekano byashyizweho n’ikigo cya Koreya gishinzwe ubuziranenge bw’inganda (KSI). Irakoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwibicuruzwa, harimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imashini, imyenda, nibindi byinshi. Usibye icyemezo cya KS, Koreya yepfo itanga ubundi buryo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nka ISO (International Organization for Standardization). Iki cyemezo cyemewe ku isi hose cyemeza ko ibigo byashyize mu bikorwa uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga neza ibicuruzwa n’umutekano. Ikindi cyemezo kizwi cyane ni icyemezo cya Halal gifasha ubucuruzi bwa koreya kwishora mumasoko yiganjemo abayisilamu bagaragaza kubahiriza amategeko agenga imirire ya kisilamu. Byongeye kandi, hari impamyabumenyi zihariye zihariye inganda zimwe na zimwe nk'imodoka cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yohereza hanze. Kurugero, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bijyanye n’ibinyabiziga bisaba kubahiriza sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge bw’ibinyabiziga (ISO / TS 16949), mu gihe ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byo kwisiga bisaba guhuza n’amabwiriza meza yo gukora (GMP). Kugirango ubone ibyo byemezo, ibigo bikeneye ubugenzuzi bunoze bukorwa nimiryango yabigenewe cyangwa ibigo bifitanye isano ninganda zibishinzwe cyangwa ibigo bya leta byemewe. Usibye kwemeza kubahiriza amahame ya tekiniki n'ingamba z'umutekano mugihe cyo gukora; barashobora gukora isuzuma rihoraho kubintu nkibishushanyo mbonera cyangwa sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge mubyiciro byose. Muri rusange ,, ibi bikorwa byuburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze byizeza ubwiza nubwizerwe bwibicuruzwa bya koreya yepfo kumasoko mpuzamahanga mugihe bizamura abaguzi murugo nabo

Koreya y'Epfo, izwiho iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’inganda, itanga umuyoboro mwiza kandi utunganijwe neza. Hano hari ibyifuzo byurwego rwibikoresho muri Koreya yepfo. Ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara abantu muri Koreya yepfo byateye imbere cyane, bitanga imiyoboro myiza mu gihugu ndetse n’amasoko mpuzamahanga. Ibyambu bya Busan, Incheon, na Gwangyang ni amarembo akomeye yo gutumiza no kohereza hanze. Icyambu cya Busan ni kimwe mu byambu bitwara abantu benshi ku isi, bikoresha umubare munini w’imodoka. Ku bijyanye na serivisi zitwara indege, Ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Incheon gikora nk'ihuriro rikomeye rihuza Aziya n'isi. Yakomeje gushyirwa ku bibuga by’indege bya mbere ku isi bitewe n’ibikorwa bigezweho ndetse n’imikorere myiza yo gutwara imizigo yo mu kirere. Kubijyanye no gutwara umuhanda muri Koreya yepfo, umuyoboro munini urabungabunzwe neza kandi utanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kugera mu turere dutandukanye. Ibigo birashobora kwishingikiriza kumasosiyete yamakamyo atanga serivisi zuzuye zo gutwara ibicuruzwa ahantu hatandukanye neza. Sisitemu ya gari ya moshi ya Koreya y'Epfo nayo igira uruhare runini mu gutwara abantu mu gihugu ndetse no mu bucuruzi n'ibihugu duturanye nk'Ubushinwa. Koreya ya Gari ya moshi eXpress (KTX) ni serivisi ya gari ya moshi yihuta ihuza imijyi minini mugihe itanga serivisi zizewe zitwara ibicuruzwa. Kuzamura ubushobozi bwo gucunga amasoko, amasosiyete yo muri koreya yepfo akoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka sisitemu ya RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) ituma mugihe gikurikirana ibicuruzwa mugihe cyurugendo rwabo. Ibi bituma habaho gukorera mu mucyo no kunoza imikorere. Byongeye kandi, abatanga ibikoresho byo muri Koreya yepfo bashyira imbere kunyurwa kwabakiriya bibanda kuri serivisi nziza zujuje ibisabwa mubucuruzi bwihariye. Batanga ibisubizo byuzuye bikubiyemo ububiko, imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza, serivisi z’ubucuruzi bwa gasutamo kugira ngo inzira zoroherezwe ku byambu cyangwa ku bibuga by’indege. Ubwanyuma, urebye ubuhanga bwa Koreya yepfo mubikorwa biterwa nikoranabuhanga nka electronics hamwe n’imodoka; aya masosiyete yashyizeho urunigi rukomeye rutangwa rushyigikiwe nubushobozi buhebuje bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye. Muri rusange, urwego rw’ibikoresho bya Koreya yepfo rugaragara cyane kubera umuyoboro w’ibikorwa remezo ukomeye ugizwe n’ibyambu byo mu nyanja nka Port ya Busan; Ikibuga mpuzamahanga cya Incheon kuri serivisi zitwara ibicuruzwa mu kirere; uburyo bukomeye bwo gutwara abantu n'ibintu; na tekinoroji igezweho yo gucunga amasoko. Izi ngingo zishyize hamwe zigira uruhare mu kugenda neza kw'ibicuruzwa mu gihugu ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, bigatuma Koreya y'Epfo iba ahantu heza ku bucuruzi bushakisha serivisi zizewe.

Ubucuruzi bwingenzi

Koreya y'Epfo, igihugu gifite imbaraga giherereye ku nkombe y'iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, kizwi ku isi yose kubera ubuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga no mu nganda. Nkibyo, yakwegereye abaguzi mpuzamahanga kandi yakira imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha byinshi. Imwe mu nzira zingenzi kubaguzi mpuzamahanga muri Koreya yepfo ni ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ryubucuruzi rya koreya (KITA). KITA ifite uruhare runini muguhuza abaguzi kwisi nabatanga isoko ryaho. Binyuze ku mbuga zitandukanye nkurubuga rwabo, KOTRA Global Network, hamwe n’ibigo by’ubucuruzi byo hanze, KITA yorohereza ubucuruzi hagati y’abaguzi mpuzamahanga n’amasosiyete yo muri Koreya yepfo mu nzego nyinshi. Indi nzira ikomeye yo gutanga amasoko mpuzamahanga muri Koreya yepfo ni ikigo cya Koreya gishinzwe guteza imbere ubucuruzi-ishoramari (KOTRA). KOTRA ishyigikiye byimazeyo ubucuruzi bwabanyamahanga bashaka kwerekana ko bahari mugihugu batanga amakuru kubatanga isoko kandi bagafasha ingamba zo kwinjira ku isoko. Barategura ubutumwa bwubucuruzi, inama zabaguzi-bagurisha, nibikorwa byo guhuza ibikorwa kugirango bahuze abaguzi babanyamahanga nabatanga isoko rya koreya. Koreya yepfo kandi yakiriye ibicuruzwa byinshi bizwi bikurura abaguzi mpuzamahanga baturutse kwisi. Bimwe muribi imurikagurisha rikomeye ni: 1. Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ibiribwa muri Seoul (SIFSE): Iri murika ryerekana ibicuruzwa byinshi by’ibiribwa biva mu gihugu ndetse n’abacuruzi mpuzamahanga. Ikora nk'urubuga rwiza kubaguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka isoko y'ibiribwa byiza biva muri Koreya yepfo. 2. Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ryubuhanga bwubwenge (ISMEX): ISMEX yibanda kumikoreshereze yubukorikori bwubwenge harimo sisitemu yo gukoresha, robotike, ibisubizo byinganda IoT, guhanga udushya twa 3D, nibindi byinshi. Ikurura abayobozi binganda kwisi bashishikajwe no kugura ibikoresho bigezweho byo gukora. 3. Imurikagurisha ry’imodoka rya Seoul: Iki gikorwa cyamamaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga cyerekana ibinyabiziga bigezweho biva mu nganda zitandukanye ku isi. Itanga amahirwe akomeye kubakora umwuga wo gutwara ibinyabiziga bashaka gushakisha ubufatanye cyangwa kugura ibicuruzwa biturutse ku bicuruzwa byamamodoka. 4. Ni ngombwa-kwitabira kubaguzi mpuzamahanga mumirenge ya plastike na reberi. 5. Icyumweru cyimyambarire ya Seoul: Iki gikorwa ngarukamwaka kibera urubuga rwambere kubashushanya imideli kugirango berekane ibyo bakusanyije kubaguzi mpuzamahanga. Ikurura abakora umwuga wo kwerekana imideli bashaka kuvumbura ibintu bishya no gushiraho amasano nabanyakoreya bashushanya. Izi ni ingero nkeya zerekana imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha byinshi byabereye muri Koreya yepfo byorohereza imikoranire hagati y’abaguzi mpuzamahanga n’abatanga ibicuruzwa mu nganda zitandukanye. Mu gusoza, Koreya yepfo itanga inzira zingenzi zitanga amasoko binyuze mumiryango nka KITA na KOTRA. Byongeye kandi, yakira ibikorwa byinshi byubucuruzi byita ku nzego zitandukanye nk'inganda zikora ibiribwa, ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, ibicuruzwa bitwara ibinyabiziga, plastiki & reberi, inganda zerekana imideli, n'ibindi. Izi nzira zigira uruhare runini muri Koreya yepfo kumenyekana kwisi yose nkihuriro ryabaguzi mpuzamahanga bashaka ibicuruzwa byiza nibisubizo bishya.

Imashini zishakisha

Muri Koreya yepfo, hari moteri nyinshi zishakisha zizwi cyane zikoreshwa nabantu. Izi moteri zishakisha zitanga serivisi zitandukanye nibiranga ibyifuzo byabakoresha muri Koreya yepfo. Dore zimwe muri moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. Naver (www.naver.com): Naver niyo moteri ishakisha ikoreshwa cyane muri Koreya yepfo, ikagira uruhare runini ku isoko. Itanga serivisi zitandukanye zishingiye kumurongo, harimo gushakisha urubuga, amakuru yamakuru, blog, amakarita, nibindi byinshi. 2. Daum (www.daum.net): Daum niyindi moteri ishakisha izwi muri Koreya yepfo. Itanga serivisi zitandukanye nkishakisha ryurubuga, serivise imeri, ingingo zamakuru, imiyoboro ihuza abantu, amakarita, nibindi byinshi. 3. Google (www.google.co.kr): Nubwo Google itanga moteri mpuzamahanga ishakisha moteri kandi ntabwo yihariye Koreya yepfo gusa, iracyafite umubare munini wabakoresha muri iki gihugu. Itanga uburyo bwuzuye bwo gushakisha kurubuga hamwe nibindi bintu byinshi nka serivisi zubuhinduzi na imeri. 4. NATE (www.nate.com): NATE numuyoboro wa interineti uzwi cyane wo muri koreya utanga serivise zitandukanye kumurongo harimo ibikoresho byo gushakisha kurubuga byateganijwe kubakoresha koreya. 5. Yahoo! Koreya (www.yahoo.co.kr): Yahoo! Ikomeza kandi kuba muri Koreya yepfo hamwe nu mbuga zaho zitanga ubushakashatsi bushingiye ku rurimi rwa koreya hamwe n’izindi serivisi zihuriweho nko kwinjira kuri imeri. Izi ni zimwe muri moteri zishakisha zikoreshwa cyane muri Koreya yepfo zitanga amakuru atandukanye kugirango zihuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byabakoresha kuva kubibazo rusange kugeza kubikenewe byihariye nko kuvugurura amakuru cyangwa gushakisha bijyanye n'imyidagaduro.

Impapuro nini z'umuhondo

Ububiko bukomeye bwa koreya yepfo butanga amakuru yuzuye kubucuruzi na serivisi zitandukanye muri iki gihugu. Hano hari bamwe bakomeye hamwe na aderesi zabo kurubuga: 1. Urupapuro rwumuhondo Koreya (www.yellowpageskorea.com) Urupapuro rwumuhondo Koreya nubuyobozi bukoreshwa cyane butanga ibisobanuro birambuye, aderesi, nandi makuru yubucuruzi mu nganda zitandukanye muri Koreya yepfo. 2. Urupapuro rwumuhondo Naver (urupapuro rwumuhondo.naver.com) Urupapuro rwumuhondo Naver nubuyobozi bukunzwe kumurongo muri koreya yepfo itanga amakuru yizewe mubucuruzi bwaho, harimo amakuru arambuye, amanota, isubiramo, n'amakarita. 3. Daum Urupapuro rwumuhondo (ypage.dmzweb.co.kr) Urupapuro rwumuhondo Daum nubundi bubiko buzwi butanga urutonde rwubucuruzi rwashyizwe mu byiciro n'inganda hamwe na Koreya yepfo. 4. Kompass Koreya yepfo (kr.kompass.com) Kompass Koreya yepfo itanga ibisobanuro birambuye byamasosiyete hamwe namakuru yamakuru kubucuruzi bwimbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga bukorera mu nzego zitandukanye mu gihugu. 5. Inkomoko yisi yose Ubuyobozi (ibicuruzwa.globalsources.com/umusangirangendo-page/Amajyepfo-Koreya-abatanga/) Global Sources Online Directory itanga amakuru menshi yabatanga ibicuruzwa biva mu nganda zitandukanye zishingiye muri Koreya yepfo. Ikora nkibikoresho byingenzi kubucuruzi bushaka ubufatanye cyangwa amahirwe yo kubona isoko nabatanga koreya. 6. Ububiko bwa KITA Umuhondo wohereza ibicuruzwa hanze (www.exportyellowpages.net/Amajyepfo_Korea.aspx) Ububiko bwa KITA Umuhondo wohereza ibicuruzwa byibanda cyane cyane ku guhuza abaguzi mpuzamahanga n’abashoramari bo muri Koreya bohereza ibicuruzwa mu nganda zitandukanye. 7. Isoko rya EC21 Isoko ryinshi (www.ec21.com/ibigo/south-korea.html) Isoko rya EC21 Isoko ryinshi ritanga urubuga rwa interineti kubacuruzi bo kwisi kugirango bahuze nabacuruzi benshi, ababikora, nabatanga ibicuruzwa biva muri Koreya yepfo batanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Ububiko butanga urutonde runini kubucuruzi mu nganda zitandukanye nko gukora, gucuruza, serivisi z'ikoranabuhanga, ubukerarugendo no kwakira abashyitsi n'ibindi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko imbuga zishobora guhinduka cyangwa kuvugururwa; nibyiza rero gushakisha verisiyo zigezweho ukoresheje moteri zishakisha cyangwa ububiko bwubucuruzi kumurongo.

Ihuriro rikuru ryubucuruzi

Koreya y'Epfo, izwiho gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, ifite urubuga runini rwa e-ubucuruzi ruhuza ibyifuzo by'abaturage bayo bazi ikoranabuhanga. Dore zimwe mu mbuga zikomeye za e-ubucuruzi muri Koreya yepfo hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Coupang - Ufatwa nk'imwe mu masosiyete akomeye ya e-ubucuruzi muri Koreya y'Epfo, Coupang itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, imideri, n'ibiribwa. Urubuga: www.coupang.com 2. Ikimenyetso - Ikimenyetso gitanga urubuga kubantu ndetse nubucuruzi kugura no kugurisha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Itanga ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibintu by'imyambarire, ibicuruzwa byiza, nibindi byinshi. Urubuga: global.gmarket.co.kr 3. Umuhanda wa 11 (11 번가) - Ikoreshwa na SK Telecom Co., Ltd., Umuhanda wa 11 ni imwe mu masoko akomeye yo kuri interineti muri Koreya yepfo atanga ibicuruzwa byinshi kuva kumyambarire kugeza kwisiga kugeza kubiribwa. Urubuga: www.11st.co.kr 4. Cyamunara (옥션) - Cyamunara ni isoko izwi cyane kumurongo aho abantu bashobora kugura cyangwa kugurisha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye binyuze muri cyamunara cyangwa kugura bitaziguye. Itanga ibicuruzwa byinshi birimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imyambaro, ibikoresho, nibindi byinshi. Urubuga: www.auction.co.kr 5. Lotte ON - Yatangijwe na sosiyete ya Lotte Group ikorana na Lotte Shopping Co., Ltd., Lotte ON ni urubuga rwo guhuriza hamwe rutuma abakiriya bashobora kugura ibyiciro bitandukanye nkimyenda yimyambarire hamwe nibindi bikoresho ku mbuga za interineti zitandukanye zikorerwa munsi yumutaka wa Lotte. 6. WeMakePrice (- Izi ni zimwe mu ngero za e-ubucuruzi buzwi cyane muri Koreya yepfo; icyakora hariho nibindi byinshi bito niche urubuga rwita cyane cyane mubyiciro bimwe nkubwiza cyangwa ibicuruzwa byubuzima. Burigihe nigitekerezo cyiza cyo kugenzura amahuriro menshi kubicuruzwa byiza nibicuruzwa bitandukanye.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga

Koreya yepfo, igihugu cyateye imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, gifite imbuga nkoranyambaga zitandukanye zizwi cyane mu baturage bacyo. Ihuriro ryemerera abantu guhuza, gusangira amakuru n'ibitekerezo, no kwigaragaza muburyo butandukanye. Dore zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa cyane muri Koreya y'Epfo: 1. Naver (www.naver.com): Naver ni urubuga runini kandi ruzwi cyane muri moteri yo gushakisha muri Koreya yepfo. Itanga serivisi zitandukanye nka webtoons, amakuru yamakuru, blog, cafe (ikibaho cyibiganiro), hamwe nubucuruzi. 2. KakaoTalk (www.kakaocorp.com/service/KakaoTalk): KakaoTalk ni porogaramu yohererezanya ubutumwa bugendanwa itanga uburyo bwo kuganira n'inshuti ku giti cye cyangwa mu matsinda. Abakoresha barashobora kandi guhamagara amajwi cyangwa videwo ukoresheje iyi platform. 3. Instagram - Koreya yepfo ifite igihagararo gikomeye kuri Instagram (@ instagram.kr). Abasore benshi b'Abanyakoreya basangira amafoto na videwo y'ubuzima bwabo bwa buri munsi cyangwa bakerekana impano zabo binyuze muri iyi porogaramu ishimishije. 4. Facebook - Nubwo itiganje nkizindi mbuga zimwe na zimwe muri Koreya yepfo, Facebook iracyakurura abakoresha benshi bakunda guhuza inshuti no gukurikira page zijyanye ninyungu zabo: www.facebook.com. 5. Twitter - Twitter (@twitterkorea) nayo irazwi cyane mubanyakoreya yepfo kubera gusangira amakuru mashya, ibitekerezo byawe bwite, cyangwa kwitabira ibiganiro ku ngingo zigenda: www.twitter.com. 6. YouTube - Nkurubuga mpuzamahanga rwo gusangira amashusho rwishimiwe kwisi yose, YouTube nayo iratera imbere mumuryango wa koreya yepfo binyuze mubakora ibintu bya koreya bashiraho amashusho yindirimbo, vlogs ('amashusho yerekana amashusho'), abayobora ingendo nibindi: www.youtube.com/ kr /. 7. Band (band.us): Band ni urubuga rwabaturage aho abakoresha bashobora gushinga amatsinda yigenga cyangwa rusange mubikorwa bitandukanye nko gutegura ibirori cyangwa gusangira inyungu rusange binyuze mubiganiro cyangwa dosiye yibitangazamakuru. 8. TikTok (www. 9. Umurongo (umurongo. 10. Weibo (www.weibo.com): Nubwo ikoreshwa cyane mubushinwa, Weibo ifite kandi bamwe mubakoresha koreya bakurikira ibyamamare bya koreya cyangwa amakuru ajyanye namakinamico ya K-pop cyangwa koreya. Izi mbuga nkoranyambaga zigaragaza umuco wa interineti ukomeye wa Koreya yepfo, uhuza abantu nisi yose ibakikije.

Amashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda

Koreya yepfo ifite amashyirahamwe atandukanye yinganda zihagarariye inzego zitandukanye zubukungu bwayo. Dore amwe mumashyirahamwe akomeye yinganda muri Koreya yepfo hamwe nurubuga rwabo URL: 1. Ihuriro ry’inganda z’Abanyakoreya (FKI) - FKI ihagarariye amatsinda akomeye n’amatsinda y’ubucuruzi muri Koreya yepfo, aharanira inyungu zabo no guteza imbere ubukungu. Urubuga: https://english.fki.or.kr/ 2. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Koreya (KCCI) - KCCI ni umwe mu mashyirahamwe akomeye y’ubucuruzi muri Koreya yepfo, uhagarariye inganda zitandukanye kandi utanga ibikoresho byo guteza imbere ubucuruzi, guhuza imiyoboro, no gutera inkunga ubucuruzi. Urubuga: https://www.korcham.net/n_chamber/overseas/kcci_en/index.jsp 3. Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi muri Koreya (KITA) - KITA yibanda ku guteza imbere ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga no gushyigikira ubucuruzi bushingiye ku byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Koreya yepfo. Urubuga: https://www.kita.net/eng/main/main.jsp 4. Ishyirahamwe ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Koreya (KEA) - KEA ihagarariye inganda za elegitoroniki muri Koreya yepfo, igira uruhare mu iterambere ryayo binyuze muri politiki ishyigikira iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya. Urubuga: http://www.keainet.or.kr/eng/ 5. Ishyirahamwe ry’abakora ibinyabiziga muri Koreya (KAMA) - Uhagarariye inganda z’imodoka muri Koreya yepfo, KAMA igira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere ubufatanye hagati y’abakora ibinyabiziga no gukemura ibibazo byugarije uru rwego. Urubuga: http://www.kama.co.kr/en/ 6. Ishyirahamwe ry’abatwara ubwato muri Koreya (KSA) - KSA ishyigikira inganda zitwara abantu mu gukemura ibibazo by’amabwiriza, guteza imbere ubufatanye hagati y’abafite ubwato, guteza imbere amahame y’umutekano wo mu nyanja, no kuzamura irushanwa. Urubuga: http://www.shipkorea.org/en/ 7. Ihuriro ry’inganda z’imyenda yo muri Koreya (FKTI) - FKTI ihagarariye abakora imyenda muri Koreya yepfo mugihe ikora kugirango izamure guhangana binyuze mubushakashatsi & iterambere ryiterambere hamwe na gahunda yo kwagura isoko mumahanga. Urubuga: http://en.fnki.or.kr/ 8. Ihuriro ry’amakoperative y’ubuhinzi (NACF) - NACF ihagarariye kandi ishyigikira abahinzi n’amakoperative y’ubuhinzi muri Koreya yepfo, igira uruhare runini mu kunganira politiki, kugera ku isoko, no guteza imbere ubuhinzi. Urubuga: http://www.nonghyup.com/eng/ Nyamuneka menya ko urutonde rutuzuye, kuko Koreya yepfo ifite amashyirahamwe yinganda menshi akubiyemo imirenge itandukanye. Iyi miryango ikora igamije iterambere n’iterambere ry’inganda zabo zunganira politiki zifitiye abanyamuryango no gutanga serivisi zunganira.

Urubuga rwubucuruzi nubucuruzi

Hariho imbuga nyinshi zubukungu nubucuruzi muri Koreya yepfo zitanga amakuru kubikorwa byubucuruzi n amahirwe byigihugu. Dore zimwe mururu rubuga hamwe na URL zabo: 1. Koreya ishinzwe guteza imbere ubucuruzi n’ishoramari (KOTRA) - Urubuga rwemewe rw’ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ubucuruzi muri Koreya yepfo. Urubuga: https://www.kotra.or.kr/ 2. Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi, inganda, n’ingufu (MOTIE) - Ishami rya leta rishinzwe gushyiraho no gushyira mu bikorwa politiki ijyanye n’ubucuruzi, inganda, n’ingufu. Urubuga: https://www.motie.go.kr/motie/en/main/index.html 3. Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi muri Koreya (KITA) - Umuryango wigenga udaharanira inyungu ushyigikira ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga utanga ubushakashatsi ku isoko, serivisi z’ubujyanama, na gahunda zita ku bucuruzi. Urubuga: https://english.kita.net/ 4. Urugaga rw’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Koreya (KCCI) - Yerekana inyungu z’ubucuruzi bwa Koreya imbere mu gihugu ndetse no ku isi yose mu gihe itanga serivisi zitandukanye ku banyamuryango bayo. Urubuga: http://www.korcham.net/delegations/main.do 5. Shora KOREA - Ikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ishoramari gishinzwe gukurura ishoramari ritaziguye muri Koreya yepfo. Urubuga: http://www.investkorea.org/ 6. Seoul Global Centre Yunganira Ubukungu - Itanga ibikoresho nubufasha kubanyamahanga bifuza gukora ubucuruzi cyangwa gushora imari muri Seoul. Urubuga: http://global.seoul.go.kr/eng/ubukunguSupport/ubucuruzi 7. Busan Business Centre - Itanga amakuru kumahirwe yo gushora imari, inganda zaho, amabwiriza, sisitemu yo gufasha mumujyi wa Busan. Urubuga: http://ebiz.bbf.re.kr/index.eng.jsp 8. Incheon Business Information Technopark - Yibanze mugutezimbere gutangiza murwego rwa IT binyuze muri gahunda yo kwihangira imirimo Urubuga ： http: //www.ubucuruzi-amakuru.or.kr/icyongereza/ Nyamuneka menya ko izi mbuga zitanga amakuru cyane mucyongereza, ariko zimwe murizo zishobora kuba zifite amahitamo yururimi rwigikoreya kubisobanuro birambuye.

Ubucuruzi bwibibazo byurubuga

Koreya y'Epfo, izwi ku izina rya Repubulika ya Koreya, ni igihugu cyo muri Aziya y'Uburasirazuba gifite ubukungu bukomeye kandi gifite uruhare runini mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Niba ushaka amakuru yubucuruzi ajyanye na Koreya yepfo, hari imbuga zemewe zitanga amakuru yuzuye. Dore ingero zimwe: 1. Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi, inganda n’ingufu - Iyi minisiteri ya leta ishinzwe gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa politiki ijyanye n’ubucuruzi n’inganda muri Koreya yepfo. Urubuga rwabo rutanga imibare na raporo zitandukanye ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, harimo amakuru yohereza mu mahanga. Urashobora kuyigeraho kuri: https://english.motie.go.kr/ 2. KITA (Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi muri Koreya) - Uyu muryango ukora nkikiraro hagati y’abanyakoreya bohereza ibicuruzwa hanze / abatumiza mu mahanga na bagenzi babo ku isi mu guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Urubuga rwa KITA rutanga uburyo bwo kubona imibare irambuye yubucuruzi, ubushakashatsi ku isoko, ububiko bwubucuruzi, nibindi byinshi. Ihuza ryurubuga ni: https://www.kita.org/front/en/main/main.do 3. Serivisi ishinzwe gasutamo ya Koreya - Nk’ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa bya gasutamo muri Koreya yepfo, Serivisi ya gasutamo itanga serivisi zitandukanye zirimo uburyo bwo gukuraho gasutamo no kuvugurura amabwiriza yo gutumiza no kohereza hanze. Batanga kandi imibare yubucuruzi babinyujije kumurongo wabo wa interineti bise "Imibare yubucuruzi." Urashobora gusura urubuga rwabo hano: http://www.customs.go.kr/kcshome/main/Main.do 4 Itanga amakuru nyayo yo gutumiza / kohereza ibicuruzwa mumasosiyete yo muri koreya yepfo mubikorwa bitandukanye nkinganda, ubuhinzi, uburobyi, nibindi, bifasha ubucuruzi gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubijyanye nabafatanyabikorwa mubucuruzi cyangwa ibicuruzwa. Nyamuneka menya ko izi mbuga zitanga amakuru yemewe; icyakora kwiyandikisha cyangwa kwiyandikisha birashobora gusabwa kubona amakuru arambuye cyangwa raporo y'ibarurishamibare. Mbere yo gufata ibyemezo byubucuruzi bishingiye kuri aya makuru aboneka kururu rubuga cyangwa izindi zose byaba byiza twarushijeho kwemeza impuguke zimenyereye amabwiriza, politiki, hamwe niterambere ryisoko.

B2b

Koreya yepfo, izwiho gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya, itanga urubuga rwa B2B rutandukanye rwita ku nganda zitandukanye. Dore zimwe muma platform ya B2B azwi muri Koreya yepfo hamwe nurubuga rwabo: 1. EC21 (www.ec21.com): Imwe mumahuriro manini ya B2B kwisi yose ahuza abaguzi nabatanga isoko. Ikubiyemo inganda zitandukanye nkinganda, ubuhinzi, ubwikorezi, nibindi byinshi. 2. Isoko ryisi yose (www.globalsources.com): Isoko rya mbere ryisoko rya interineti rihuza ubucuruzi kwisi yose nabatanga ibicuruzwa biva muri Koreya yepfo no mubindi bihugu. Yibanze cyane kuri electronics, imyambarire, impano & ibicuruzwa byo murugo. 3. Koreabuyersguide (www. 4. Kompass Koreya (kr.kompass.com): Ububiko bwagutse butanga amakuru kubyerekeye amasosiyete yo muri koreya agira uruhare mu nganda, ibikorwa bya serivisi ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi ku isi. 5. Ibicuruzwa bya koreya (korean-products.com): Urubuga rwerekana ibicuruzwa byinshi byiza byakozwe namasosiyete yo muri koreya kuva electronics kugeza kubungabunga ubwiza kugeza kubicuruzwa byo murugo. 6. TradeKorea (www.tradekorea.com): Ikoreshwa n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubucuruzi muri Koreya (KITA), iri soko ryo kuri interineti rihuza abaguzi mpuzamahanga n’abashoramari bo muri Koreya bagenzuwe mu nzego zitandukanye. 7. GobizKOREA (www. 8. Alibaba Korea Corporation - Urubuga rwabanyamuryango: Iri shami ryitsinda rya Alibaba ritanga urubuga kubohereza ibicuruzwa muri koreya bigamije kwaguka kwisi yose binyuze mumiyoboro yamamaza ibicuruzwa bigenewe ubucuruzi bwa koreya yepfo. 9.CJ Onmart (https://global.cjonmartmall.io/eng/main. 10 Nyamuneka menya ko kuboneka no guhuza izi mbuga bishobora gutandukana mugihe.